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{{Infobox manuscript
 
{{Infobox manuscript
 
<!----------Name---------->
 
<!----------Name---------->
| name             = [[name::Gladiatoria]]
+
| name               = [[name::Cluny Fechtbuch]]
| location         = [[inventory::MS Cl. 23842]], [[museum::Musée National du Moyen Age]]<br/>Paris, France
+
| location           = [[inventory::MS Cl. 23842]], [[museum::Musée national du Moyen Âge]]<br/>Paris, France
 
<!----------Image---------->
 
<!----------Image---------->
| image           =  
+
| image             =  
| imageleft       = File:MS CL23842 194v.jpg
+
| imageleft         = File:MS CL23842 194v.jpg
| imageright       = File:MS CL23842 195r.jpg
+
| imageright         = File:MS CL23842 195r.jpg
| width           =  
+
| width             = x200px
| caption         = ff 194v - 195r
+
| caption           = ff 194v - 195r
 
<!----------General---------->
 
<!----------General---------->
| Index number     = [[WI::—]]
+
| Index number       = [[WI::—]]
| Wierschin's catalog=[[WC::03|3]]
+
| Wierschin's catalog= [[WC::03|3]]
| Hils' catalog   = [[HK::14]]
+
| Hils' catalog     = [[HK::14]]
| Beck catalog     = [[BC::38.2.3]]<br/>[[BC::38.6.2]]
+
| Beck catalog       = [[BC::38.2.3]]<br/>[[BC::38.6.2]]
| Also known as   =  
+
| Also known as     =  
| Type             = {{plainlist | [[type::Fencing manual]] | [[type::Wrestling manual]] }}
+
| Type               = {{plainlist
| Date             = after [[year::1495]]
+
| [[type::Fencing manual]]
| Place of origin =  
+
| [[type::Wrestling manual]]
| Language(s)     = [[language::Early New High German]]
+
}}
| Scribe(s)       =  
+
| Date               = [[year::1480s-1500s]]
| Author(s)       = Unknown
+
| Place of origin   =  
| Compiled by     = Unknown
+
| Language(s)       = [[language::Early New High German]]
| Illuminated by   =  
+
| Scribe(s)         =  
| Patron           =  
+
| Author(s)         = Unknown
| Dedicated to     =  
+
| Compiled by       = Unknown
 +
| Illuminated by     =  
 +
| Patron             =  
 +
| Dedicated to       =  
 
<!----------Form and content---------->
 
<!----------Form and content---------->
| Material         = Paper, with a contemporary wood<br/>and leather binding
+
| Material           = Paper, with a contemporary wood and <br/>leather binding
| Size             = 212 [[folia]]
+
| Size               = 212 [[folia]] (158 mm × 218 mm)
| Format           = Double-sided; one illustration per<br/>side, with occasional captions
+
| Format             = Double-sided; one illustration per side, <br/>with occasional text
| Condition       =  
+
| Condition         =  
| Script           = [[script::Bastarda]]
+
| Script             =  
| Contents         =  
+
| Contents           =  
| Illumination(s) =  
+
| Illumination(s)   =  
| Additions       =  
+
| Additions         =  
| Exemplar(s)     =  
+
| Exemplar(s)       =  
| Previously kept =  
+
| Previously kept   =  
| Discovered       =  
+
| Discovered         =  
| Website         =  
+
| Website           = [https://www.musee-moyenage.fr/collection/oeuvre/traite-de-combat.html Museum information page]
| Images           = [http://www.photo.rmn.fr/c/htm/CSearchT.aspx?V=CSearchT&SID=2K1KTS2W2W3CU&E=S_2K1KTS2W2W3CU&NoR=500&New=T Digital scans] (450x625)
+
| Images             = [http://www.photo.rmn.fr/C.aspx?VP3{{=}}SearchResult&VBID{{=}}2CO5PCQFH3MF Digital scans] (450x625)
| below           =  
+
| below             =  
 
}}
 
}}
The '''MS Cl. 23842''' is a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created some time after 1495.<ref name="Sotheby's">See Sotheby's description on [[Talk:Gladiatoria (Cl. 23842)|Talk page]].</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Musée National du Moyen Age]] in Paris, France. This manuscript is a compilation work; it seems to consist of three distinct sections, illustrated by at least two different artists, and several pages have been shuffled since it was created. The first section consists of mounted and foot combat after the style of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], probably based on the writings of [[Paulus Kal]] and [[Peter Faulkner]].<ref>Based on the caption "Here begin Peter's devices: the sword-taking with counters and grappling. This is painted according to the Record, or according to the Running Through [rather than] the Record." (''Hie hebendt peters stuck an: die swert nemen mit pruchen und ringen. Lasz ab malen nach deme zetel oder nach dem durchlauffen…[illegible] zettel'') on [[:File:CL23842 47r.jpg|f 47r]]. Compare with the device on [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_15r.jpg f 15r] of Falkner's work.</ref> The second section covers various forms of judicial combat, and might be related to [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutter]]'s later works in the 1520s. The third section is a fragment of the [[Gladiatoria group|Gladiatoria]] treatise. The Cl. 23842 seems to have much in common with the [[Wolfenbüttel Sketchbook (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.)|Codex Guelf 78.2 August 2°]], which may also have been a source, and like that manuscript, it is generally lacking descriptive text.
+
The '''MS Cl. 23842''' is a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created in the last quarter of the 15th century.<ref name="Sotheby's">See Sotheby's description on [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|Talk page]].</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Musée national du Moyen Âge]] in Paris, France. This manuscript is a compilation work; it seems to consist of three distinct sections, illustrated by at least two different artists, and several pages have been shuffled since it was created.  
 +
 
 +
The first section consists of mounted and foot combat after the style of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], while the second section covers various forms of judicial combat. This material seems to be connected in some way to the 15th century writings of [[Paulus Kal]] and [[Peter Falkner]],<ref>Based on the caption "Here begin Peter's devices: the sword-taking with counters and grappling. This is painted according to the Record, or according to the Running Through [found in] the Record." on [[Page:CL23842 47r.jpg|folio 47r]]. Compare with the device on [[Page:Ms. KK5012 15r.jpg|f 15r]] of Falkner's work.</ref> and the 16th century works of [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutter]] and [[Hans Medel]], but the nature of these connections is not currently understood. The third section is a fragment of the [[Gladiatoria group|Gladiatoria]] treatise.
 +
 
 +
The Cl. 23842 seems to have much in common with the [[Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.)|Wolfenbüttel Picture Book]] (Codex Guelf 78.2 August 2º), which may also have been a source, and like that manuscript, it is generally lacking descriptive text. Much of the material coheres closely to the written (and generally unillustrated) treatises of various masters of the Liechtenauer tradition. Given the dating and the connections to [[Peter Falkner]] in the text and the artwork, it is tempting to associate it with his other works and speculate that it was an unfinished draft of a compendium of fencing manuals, and that text was planned to be added to the blank upper area of each page.
  
 
== Provenance ==
 
== Provenance ==
Line 47: Line 54:
 
The known provenance of the Cl. 23842 is:<ref name="Sotheby's"/>
 
The known provenance of the Cl. 23842 is:<ref name="Sotheby's"/>
  
* Created no earlier than the 1490s based on the watermarks on the paper, and before the 1520s due to the connection to Jörg Wilhalm Hutter.
+
* Created no earlier than the 1480s based on the watermarks on the paper, and before the 1520s due to the connection to Jörg Wilhalm Hutter.
 
* pre-1800s-1980s - in the Fürstenberg library at the castle at Donaueschingen. Possibly acquired by Graf Wolfgang von Fürstenberg (1465-1509), the founder of the library. Listed as MS 862 in a [[Fürstliche Fürstenbergische Hofbibliothek]] catalogue in the 1800s and stamped by the library at each end (sold privately, 1980s).
 
* pre-1800s-1980s - in the Fürstenberg library at the castle at Donaueschingen. Possibly acquired by Graf Wolfgang von Fürstenberg (1465-1509), the founder of the library. Listed as MS 862 in a [[Fürstliche Fürstenbergische Hofbibliothek]] catalogue in the 1800s and stamped by the library at each end (sold privately, 1980s).
 
* 1980s-2005 - the private collection of Ian Woodner (1903-1990) of New York (sold London, [[Sotheby's]], 2008)
 
* 1980s-2005 - the private collection of Ian Woodner (1903-1990) of New York (sold London, [[Sotheby's]], 2008)
* 2008 - purchased by the [[Musée National du Moyen Age]].
+
* 2008 - purchased by the [[Musée national du Moyen Âge]].
  
 
== Contents ==
 
== Contents ==
  
As this manuscript is not currently available for study, the accuracy of this table of contents cannot be confirmed.<ref name="Sotheby's"/>
+
{| class="treatise"
 +
|-
 +
! id="page" | 1r - 11v
 +
| Blank
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 12r - 57v
 +
| Illustrations of [[long sword]] devices
  
{| class="wikitable treatise"
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="page" | Folio
+
! 58r - 59v
! Section
+
| Blank
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 1r - 11v
+
! 60r - 69v
| Blank pages
+
| Illustrations of [[messer]] devices
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 12r - 57v
+
! 70r - 71v
| Illustrations of [[longsword]]
+
| Blank
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 60r - 69v
+
! 72r - 87v
| Illustrations of [[messer]] without armor
+
| Illustrations of [[dagger]] devices
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 72r - 87v, 194r
+
! 88r - 94v
| Illustrations of [[dagger]] without armor
+
| Blank
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! 95r - 114v
 
! 95r - 114v
| Illustrations of [[grappling]] without armor
+
| Illustrations of [[grappling]] devices
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 118r - 131v
+
! 115r - 117v
| Illustrations of [[sword and buckler]] without armor
+
| Blank
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 133v - 148r
+
! [[Anonymous sword and buckler images|118r - 131v]]
| Illustrations of [[mounted fencing]] in armor
+
| Illustrations of [[sword and buckler]] devices
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 132r - 133r
 +
| Blank
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 133v - 146r
 +
| Illustrations of [[mounted fencing]] devices
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 146v - 148r
 +
| Illustrations of mounted vs. foot devices
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 148v
 +
| Blank
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! 149r - 178v
 
! 149r - 178v
| Illustrations of [[longsword]] in armor
+
| Illustrations of armored [[spear]] and [[short sword]] devices
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 180r - 181v
+
! 179rv
| Illustrations of [[longshield]] with and without armor
+
| Blank
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 183r - 191v
+
! 180r&nbsp;-&nbsp;181v, 187r
| Illustrations of [[pole weapons]] without armor
+
| Illustrations of [[long shield]] devices
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 182rv
 +
| Blank
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 183r&nbsp;-&nbsp;186v, 187v&nbsp;-&nbsp;189r
 +
| Illustrations of [[pole weapons]] devices
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 189v
 +
| Blank
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 190r - 191v
 +
| Illustrations of [[spear]] devices
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
! 192r - 193v
 +
| Blank
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! 194r
 
! 194r
| Illustration of [[navaja]]
+
| Illustration of [[navaja]] devices
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 110: Line 159:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! [[Gladiatoria group|195r - 212v]]
+
! [[Gladiatoria group|195r&nbsp;-&nbsp;212v]]
| Illustrations of longsword in armor from the Gladiatoria group
+
| Illustrations of short sword in armor from the [[Gladiatoria group]]
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 213r - 224v
+
! 213r - 223v
| Blank pages
+
| Blank
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 121: Line 170:
 
== Gallery ==
 
== Gallery ==
  
Images hosted by the musée national du Moyen Âge. Only a handful of low-resolution scans are currently available.
+
Images hosted by the [[Musée national du Moyen Âge]]. [http://www.photo.rmn.fr/C.aspx?VP3{{=}}SearchResult&VBID{{=}}2CO5PCQFH3MF More images] are available for a thumbnail gallery.
 +
 
 +
<h3 style="clear:both;"> Ff 12 - 57v </h3>
 +
 
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 012r.jpg|Folio 12r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 012v.jpg|Folio 12v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 013r.jpg|Folio 13r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 013v.jpg|Folio 13v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 014r.jpg|Folio 14r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 014v.jpg|Folio 14v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 015r.jpg|Folio 15r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 015v.jpg|Folio 15v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 016r.jpg|Folio 16r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 016v.jpg|Folio 16v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 017r.jpg|Folio 17r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 017v.jpg|Folio 17v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 018r.jpg|Folio 18r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 018v.jpg|Folio 18v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 019r.jpg|Folio 19r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 019v.jpg|Folio 19v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 020r.jpg|Folio 20r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 020v.jpg|Folio 20v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 021r.jpg|Folio 21r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 021v.jpg|Folio 21v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 022r.jpg|Folio 22r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 022v.jpg|Folio 22v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 023r.jpg|Folio 23r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 023v.jpg|Folio 23v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 024r.jpg|Folio 24r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 024v.jpg|Folio 24v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 025r.jpg|Folio 25r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 025v.jpg|Folio 25v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 026r.jpg|Folio 26r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 026v.jpg|Folio 26v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 027r.jpg|Folio 27r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 027v.jpg|Folio 27v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 028r.jpg|Folio 28r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 028v.jpg|Folio 28v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 029r.jpg|Folio 29r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 029v.jpg|Folio 29v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 030r.jpg|Folio 30r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 030v.jpg|Folio 30v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 031r.jpg|Folio 31r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 031v.jpg|Folio 31v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 032r.jpg|Folio 32r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 032v.jpg|Folio 32v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 033r.jpg|Folio 33r|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/C7OZ4U/09-501173.jpg}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 033v.jpg|Folio 33v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 034r.jpg|Folio 34r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 034v.jpg|Folio 34v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 035r.jpg|Folio 35r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 035v.jpg|Folio 35v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 036r.jpg|Folio 36r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 036v.jpg|Folio 36v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 037r.jpg|Folio 37r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 037v.jpg|Folio 37v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 038r.jpg|Folio 38r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 038v.jpg|Folio 38v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 039r.jpg|Folio 39r|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/L656UR/09-501444.jpg}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 039v.jpg|Folio 39v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 040r.jpg|Folio 40r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 040v.jpg|Folio 40v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 041r.jpg|Folio 41r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 041v.jpg|Folio 41v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 042r.jpg|Folio 42r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 042v.jpg|Folio 42v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 043r.jpg|Folio 43r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 043v.jpg|Folio 43v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 044r.jpg|Folio 44r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 044v.jpg|Folio 44v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 045r.jpg|Folio 45r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 045v.jpg|Folio 45v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 046r.jpg|Folio 46r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 046v.jpg|Folio 46v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 047r.jpg|Folio 47r|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/PLCPH3/09-501445.jpg}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 047v.jpg|Folio 47v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 048r.jpg|Folio 48r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 048v.jpg|Folio 48v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 049r.jpg|Folio 49r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 049v.jpg|Folio 49v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 050r.jpg|Folio 50r|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/71G1Z6/09-501174.jpg}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 050v.jpg|Folio 50v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 051r.jpg|Folio 51r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 051v.jpg|Folio 51v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 052r.jpg|Folio 52r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 052v.jpg|Folio 52v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 053r.jpg|Folio 53r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 053v.jpg|Folio 53v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 054r.jpg|Folio 54r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 054v.jpg|Folio 54v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 055r.jpg|Folio 55r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 055v.jpg|Folio 55v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 056r.jpg|Folio 56r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 056v.jpg|Folio 56v}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 057r.jpg|Folio 57r}}
 +
{{image|MS CL23842 057v.jpg|Folio 57v}}
 +
 
 +
<h3 style="clear:both;"> Miscellaneous </h3>
  
{{image|MS CL23842 32v.jpg|Folio 32v}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 33r.jpg|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/C7OZ4U/09-501173.jpg|Folio 33r}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 39r.jpg|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/L656UR/09-501444.jpg|Folio 39r}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 47r.jpg|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/PLCPH3/09-501445.jpg|Folio 47r}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 50r.jpg|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/71G1Z6/09-501174.jpg|Folio 50r}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 Unknown6.jpg|Folio ?? }}
 
 
{{image|MS CL23842 Unknown1.jpg|Folio ??r}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 Unknown1.jpg|Folio ??r}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 64r.jpg|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/NB13X7/09-501181.jpg|Folio 64r}}
 
{{image|MS CL23842 64r.jpg|link=http://www.photo.rmn.fr/CorexDoc/RMN/Media/TR1/NB13X7/09-501181.jpg|Folio 64r}}
Line 170: Line 310:
 
== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
 
+
* Cavazzuti, Carlo (in Italian). ''Gladiatoria''. Asola: Gilgamesh Edizioni, 2015. ISBN 978-88-6867-080-1
 +
* [[Dierk Hagedorn|Hagedorn, Dierk]]; [[Bartłomiej Walczak|Walczak, Bartłomiej]]. ''Gladiatoria. New Haven - MS U860.F46 1450.'' Herne: VS-Books, 2015. ISBN 978-3-932077-42-5
 +
* [[Hans-Peter Hils|Hils, Hans-Peter]] (in German). "Gladiatoria: Über drei Fechthandschriften aus der ersten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts". ''Codices manuscripti'' '''13''':1-54, 1987.
 +
* [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]]. ''"…und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen". Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert.'' Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
  
 
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{reflist|2}}
 +
 +
== Copyright and License Summary ==
 +
 +
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]].
 +
 +
<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
 +
{{sourcebox
 +
| work        = Images
 +
| authors    =
 +
| source link = http://www.photo.rmn.fr/C.aspx?VP3{{=}}SearchResult&VBID{{=}}2CO5PCQFH3MF
 +
| source title= la Réunion des Musées nationaux
 +
| license    = public domain
 +
}}
 +
{{sourcebox
 +
| work        = Transcription
 +
| authors    =
 +
| source link =
 +
| source title= [[Index:Cluny Fechtbuch (Cl. 23842)]]
 +
| license    =
 +
}}
 +
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/>
  
 
[[Category:Treatises]]
 
[[Category:Treatises]]
Line 180: Line 344:
  
 
[[Category:Research/Background Information]]
 
[[Category:Research/Background Information]]
[[Category:Scanning]]
 
[[Category:Digital Scanning]]
 
 
[[Category:Transcription]]
 
[[Category:Transcription]]
[[Category:Minor Translation]]
 
 
[[Category:Orphan]]
 
[[Category:Orphan]]
  
Line 191: Line 352:
 
[[Category:Longshield]]
 
[[Category:Longshield]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
[[Category:Marriage Counseling]]
+
[[Category:Man vs. Woman]]
 
[[Category:Messer]]
 
[[Category:Messer]]
 
[[Category:Mounted Fencing]]
 
[[Category:Mounted Fencing]]
 
[[Category:Navaja]]
 
[[Category:Navaja]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Buckler]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Buckler]]

Revision as of 03:40, 2 March 2021

Cluny Fechtbuch
MS Cl. 23842, Musée national du Moyen Âge
Paris, France

MS CL23842 194v.jpg
Cl. 23842 195r.jpg
ff 194v - 195r
HagedornLeng38.2.3
38.6.2
Wierschin3Hils14
Type
Date 1480s-1500s
Language(s) Early New High German
Author(s) Unknown
Compiler Unknown
Material Paper, with a contemporary wood and
leather binding
Size 212 folia (158 mm × 218 mm)
Format Double-sided; one illustration per side,
with occasional text
External data Museum information page
Treatise scans Digital scans (450x625)

The MS Cl. 23842 is a German fencing manual created in the last quarter of the 15th century.[1] The original currently rests in the holdings of the Musée national du Moyen Âge in Paris, France. This manuscript is a compilation work; it seems to consist of three distinct sections, illustrated by at least two different artists, and several pages have been shuffled since it was created.

The first section consists of mounted and foot combat after the style of Johannes Liechtenauer, while the second section covers various forms of judicial combat. This material seems to be connected in some way to the 15th century writings of Paulus Kal and Peter Falkner,[2] and the 16th century works of Jörg Wilhalm Hutter and Hans Medel, but the nature of these connections is not currently understood. The third section is a fragment of the Gladiatoria treatise.

The Cl. 23842 seems to have much in common with the Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Codex Guelf 78.2 August 2º), which may also have been a source, and like that manuscript, it is generally lacking descriptive text. Much of the material coheres closely to the written (and generally unillustrated) treatises of various masters of the Liechtenauer tradition. Given the dating and the connections to Peter Falkner in the text and the artwork, it is tempting to associate it with his other works and speculate that it was an unfinished draft of a compendium of fencing manuals, and that text was planned to be added to the blank upper area of each page.

Provenance

The known provenance of the Cl. 23842 is:[1]

  • Created no earlier than the 1480s based on the watermarks on the paper, and before the 1520s due to the connection to Jörg Wilhalm Hutter.
  • pre-1800s-1980s - in the Fürstenberg library at the castle at Donaueschingen. Possibly acquired by Graf Wolfgang von Fürstenberg (1465-1509), the founder of the library. Listed as MS 862 in a Fürstliche Fürstenbergische Hofbibliothek catalogue in the 1800s and stamped by the library at each end (sold privately, 1980s).
  • 1980s-2005 - the private collection of Ian Woodner (1903-1990) of New York (sold London, Sotheby's, 2008)
  • 2008 - purchased by the Musée national du Moyen Âge.

Contents

1r - 11v Blank
12r - 57v Illustrations of long sword devices
58r - 59v Blank
60r - 69v Illustrations of messer devices
70r - 71v Blank
72r - 87v Illustrations of dagger devices
88r - 94v Blank
95r - 114v Illustrations of grappling devices
115r - 117v Blank
118r - 131v Illustrations of sword and buckler devices
132r - 133r Blank
133v - 146r Illustrations of mounted fencing devices
146v - 148r Illustrations of mounted vs. foot devices
148v Blank
149r - 178v Illustrations of armored spear and short sword devices
179rv Blank
180r - 181v, 187r Illustrations of long shield devices
182rv Blank
183r - 186v, 187v - 189r Illustrations of pole weapons devices
189v Blank
190r - 191v Illustrations of spear devices
192r - 193v Blank
194r Illustration of navaja devices
194v Illustration of a duel between a man and a woman
195r - 212v Illustrations of short sword in armor from the Gladiatoria group
213r - 223v Blank

Gallery

Images hosted by the Musée national du Moyen Âge. More images are available for a thumbnail gallery.

Ff 12 - 57v

Folio 12r
MS CL23842 012r.jpg
Folio 12v
MS CL23842 012v.jpg
Folio 13r
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Folio 13v
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Folio 14r
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Folio 14v
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Folio 15r
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Folio 15v
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Folio 16r
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Folio 16v
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Folio 17r
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Folio 17v
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Folio 18r
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Folio 18v
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Folio 19r
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Folio 19v
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Folio 20r
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Folio 20v
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Folio 21r
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Folio 21v
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Folio 22r
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Folio 22v
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Folio 23r
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Folio 23v
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Folio 24r
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Folio 25r
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Folio 26r
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Folio 26v
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Folio 27r
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Folio 27v
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Folio 28r
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Folio 28v
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Folio 29r
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Folio 33r
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Folio 34r
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Folio 35r
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Folio 36r
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Folio 37r
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Folio 38r
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Folio 39r
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Folio 39v
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Folio 40r
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Folio 40v
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Folio 41r
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Folio 41v
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Folio 42r
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Folio 42v
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Folio 43r
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Folio 43v
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Folio 44r
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Folio 44v
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Folio 45r
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Folio 45v
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Folio 46r
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Folio 46v
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Folio 47r
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Folio 47v
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Folio 48r
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Folio 48v
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Folio 49r
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Folio 49v
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Folio 50r
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Folio 50v
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Folio 51r
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Folio 52r
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Folio 53r
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Folio 54r
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Folio 54v
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Folio 55r
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Folio 56r
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Folio 56v
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Folio 57r
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Folio 57v
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Miscellaneous

Folio ??r
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Folio 64r
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Folio 75r
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Folio 84r
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Folio 101r
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Folio ??v
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Folio ??r
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Folio 112r
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Folio 114v
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Folio 118v
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Folio 119r
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Folio 127r
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Folio 133v
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Folio 134r
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Folio 140r
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Folio 140v
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Folio 145v
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Folio 150r
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Folio 152r
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Folio 153r
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Folio ??v
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Folio ??r
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Folio 157v
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Folio 175v
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Folio 177v
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Folio 178r
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Folio 180r
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Folio 181r
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Folio 183r
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Folio 185v
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Folio 186r
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Folio 187r
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Folio 189r
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Folio 191r
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Folio 194r
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Folio 194v
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Folio 195r
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Folio 198r
Cl. 23842 198r.jpg

Additional Resources

  • Cavazzuti, Carlo (in Italian). Gladiatoria. Asola: Gilgamesh Edizioni, 2015. ISBN 978-88-6867-080-1
  • Hagedorn, Dierk; Walczak, Bartłomiej. Gladiatoria. New Haven - MS U860.F46 1450. Herne: VS-Books, 2015. ISBN 978-3-932077-42-5
  • Hils, Hans-Peter (in German). "Gladiatoria: Über drei Fechthandschriften aus der ersten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts". Codices manuscripti 13:1-54, 1987.
  • Welle, Rainer. "…und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen". Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert. Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 See Sotheby's description on Talk page.
  2. Based on the caption "Here begin Peter's devices: the sword-taking with counters and grappling. This is painted according to the Record, or according to the Running Through [found in] the Record." on folio 47r. Compare with the device on f 15r of Falkner's work.

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work Author(s) Source License
Images la Réunion des Musées nationaux
Public Domain.png
Transcription Index:Cluny Fechtbuch (Cl. 23842)
CCBYSA30.png