Wiktenauer logo.png

Difference between revisions of "Henry de Sainct Didier"

From Wiktenauer
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (proper -> distinct.)
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 127: Line 127:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The fourth: how many clean targets can be listed for the said strikes on a person, both in attacking as well as in defending.
+
| The fourth: how many distinct targets can be listed for the said strikes on a person, both in attacking as well as in defending.
  
 
| Le quatriesme, en combien de lieux propres se peuvent adapter lesdits coups sur la personne, tant en assaillant, qu’en deffendant.
 
| Le quatriesme, en combien de lieux propres se peuvent adapter lesdits coups sur la personne, tant en assaillant, qu’en deffendant.
Line 229: Line 229:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| These said two guards created by the said low is often done for drawing some ignorant strikes who makes either a high right-hand or a high thrust; because we cannot use another strike, which we easily can trick and hit the attacking enemy who would be surprised, and would not consider the mistake that could come from being on the said two imagined guards. But the original low guard is the most effective, so therefore there are no more than three guards as stated.
+
| These said two guards created by the said low is often done for drawing some ignorant strikes who makes either a high right-hand or high thrust; because we cannot use another strike, which we easily can trick and hit the attacking enemy who would be surprised, and would not consider the mistake that could come from being on the said two imagined guards. But the original low guard is the most effective, so therefore there are no more than three guards as stated.
  
 
| Cesdites deux gardes engendrées de ladite basse, elle se font bien souvent pour attirer quelque coup des ignorans, qui fera un maindroict, ou un estoc haut ; car autre coup on ne peut, sur lesquels facilement on peut attraper & toucher l’ennemy assaillant qui sera estourdy, & ne considerera l’accident qui peut venir, estant sur sesdittes deux gardes faintes. Mais la garde basse leur mere est la plus certaine, de sorte qu’il n’y a que trois gardes, comme dit est.
 
| Cesdites deux gardes engendrées de ladite basse, elle se font bien souvent pour attirer quelque coup des ignorans, qui fera un maindroict, ou un estoc haut ; car autre coup on ne peut, sur lesquels facilement on peut attraper & toucher l’ennemy assaillant qui sera estourdy, & ne considerera l’accident qui peut venir, estant sur sesdittes deux gardes faintes. Mais la garde basse leur mere est la plus certaine, de sorte qu’il n’y a que trois gardes, comme dit est.
Line 238: Line 238:
  
 
* Right-Hand,
 
* Right-Hand,
* Backhand,
+
* Reversal,
 
* Thrust.
 
* Thrust.
  
Line 248: Line 248:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| It is true that they can be multiplied in six clean targets on the human body, which must be kept well, as well as a good tennis player must keep the es<ref>Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.</ref> well so that the ball of the opposing party does not touch it. So too must a good fencer be careful that one of the three strikes do not hit the six targets that can be adapted as stated, which will be seen later.
+
| It is true that they can be multiplied in six distinct targets on the human body, which must be kept well, as well as a good tennis player must keep the es<ref>Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.</ref> well so that the ball of the opposing party does not touch it. So too must a good fencer be careful that one of the three strikes do not hit the six targets that can be adapted as stated, which will be seen later.
  
 
| Bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier en six lieux propres sur corps humain, qui faut bien garder, tout ainsi qu’un bon joueur de paulme faut qu’il garde bien l’es,<ref>« L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.</ref> que lesteu<ref>L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.</ref> de partie adverse ne le touche. Aussi faut il qu’un bon tireur d’armes garde bien qu’un desdits trois coups ne touchent aux six lieux ausquels se peuvent adapter comme dit est, dont se verront cy apres.
 
| Bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier en six lieux propres sur corps humain, qui faut bien garder, tout ainsi qu’un bon joueur de paulme faut qu’il garde bien l’es,<ref>« L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.</ref> que lesteu<ref>L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.</ref> de partie adverse ne le touche. Aussi faut il qu’un bon tireur d’armes garde bien qu’un desdits trois coups ne touchent aux six lieux ausquels se peuvent adapter comme dit est, dont se verront cy apres.
Line 260: Line 260:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The fourth point is that attacking and defending can offend with no more than three said strikes: it is true that they can be multiplied and adapted as have been promised above at six clean targets on a person, either in attacking or in defending, and whoever knows the means to defend and offend with the said three strikes at the same time when multiplied can know a hundred strikes, which is above and will be defined later.
+
| The fourth point is that attacking and defending can offend with no more than three said strikes: it is true that they can be multiplied and adapted as have been promised above at six distinct targets on a person, either in attacking or in defending, and whoever knows the means to defend and offend with the said three strikes at the same time when multiplied can know a hundred strikes, which is above and will be defined later.
 
   
 
   
 
| Le quatriesme poinct est, que l’assaillant & deffendant ne se peuvent offencer que desdicts trois coups : bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier, & adapter comme avons promis si dessus en six lieux propres sur la person ne, soit en assaillant, ou en deffendant, & qui scaura le moyen de soy deffendre, & offencer à un mesme temps, comme ce peult, desdicts trois coups, qui sont cy dessus & seront si aprés definis, estant multipliez il en scaura cent.
 
| Le quatriesme poinct est, que l’assaillant & deffendant ne se peuvent offencer que desdicts trois coups : bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier, & adapter comme avons promis si dessus en six lieux propres sur la person ne, soit en assaillant, ou en deffendant, & qui scaura le moyen de soy deffendre, & offencer à un mesme temps, comme ce peult, desdicts trois coups, qui sont cy dessus & seront si aprés definis, estant multipliez il en scaura cent.
Line 266: Line 266:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The following are the names of the said six clean targets where one can and must throw the said three strikes which are:
+
| The following are the names of the said six distinct targets where one can and must throw the said three strikes which are:
  
 
* Right-Hand
 
* Right-Hand
* Backhand
+
* Reversal
 
* Thrust.
 
* Thrust.
  
Line 285: Line 285:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The second strike and target is a low backhand to the right leg of the defender if he is right; and if he left, it will be done at his left leg.
+
| The second strike and target is a low reversal to the right leg of the defender if he is right; and if he left, it will be done at his left leg.
  
 
| Le second coup & lieu, est un renvers, de bas au jarret droict du deffendeur, s’il est droictié, & s’il est gauché, se fera au jarret gauche.
 
| Le second coup & lieu, est un renvers, de bas au jarret droict du deffendeur, s’il est droictié, & s’il est gauché, se fera au jarret gauche.
Line 297: Line 297:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The fourth target is a high backhand at the right shoulders of the defendant, multiplied once.
+
| The fourth target is a high reversal at the right shoulders of the defendant, multiplied once.
  
 
| Le quatriesme lieu est un renvers d’hault sur l’espaulle droicte du deffendant, estans multiplié une fois.
 
| Le quatriesme lieu est un renvers d’hault sur l’espaulle droicte du deffendant, estans multiplié une fois.
Line 309: Line 309:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The sixth and final target, is the right nipple of the said Prevost to which the Lieutenant throws a thrust, which is the said third strike, being multiplied once like the right-hand and the backhand.
+
| The sixth and final target, is the right nipple of the said Prevost to which the Lieutenant throws a thrust, which is the said third strike, being multiplied once like the said Right-Hand and the Reversal.
  
 
| Le sixiesme & dernier lieu, est le tetin droict dudict Prevost auquel le Lieutenent tirera un estoc, qui est ledict troisiesme coup, estant multiplié une fois comme ledict Maindroict, & Renvers.
 
| Le sixiesme & dernier lieu, est le tetin droict dudict Prevost auquel le Lieutenent tirera un estoc, qui est ledict troisiesme coup, estant multiplié une fois comme ledict Maindroict, & Renvers.
Line 418: Line 418:
 
| ''The following is the declaration and reason why the said Author removes the said Fendente against the opinion of the said Fabrice and Jules and many others, who nevertheless always put them in the list of the said strikes.''
 
| ''The following is the declaration and reason why the said Author removes the said Fendente against the opinion of the said Fabrice and Jules and many others, who nevertheless always put them in the list of the said strikes.''
  
The reason why I first removed the said Fedante is because it cannot actually be done. Because any Fendente that is true must hold and must not leave the top and middle of the thing you want to slash. I know of no man, as long as I have practiced in all the sciences or arts, that having a sword in hand, cutlass, or another weapons that can properly slash with whatever strikes that he can do, will not participate either on one side or the other, which gives up the middle. And yet if such a strike is thrown in the right side, is not Fedente but is Right-Hand, and if kept on the left side, it is not Fendente but will be Backhand.
+
The reason why I first removed the said Fedante is because it cannot actually be done. Because any Fendente that is true must hold and must not leave the top and middle of the thing you want to slash. I know of no man, as long as I have practiced in all the sciences or arts, that having a sword in hand, cutlass, or another weapons that can properly slash with whatever strikes that he can do, will not participate either on one side or the other, which gives up the middle. And yet if such a strike is thrown in the right side, is not Fedente but is Right-Hand, and if kept on the left side, it is not Fendente but will be a Reversal.
  
 
| ''S’ensuit la declaration & raison cy aprés pourquoy ledit Autheur oste ledit Fendant, contre l’opinion desdits Fabrice & Julle, & plusieurs autres, ce neantmoins de tout temps les ont mis & mettent au ranc desdits coups.''
 
| ''S’ensuit la declaration & raison cy aprés pourquoy ledit Autheur oste ledit Fendant, contre l’opinion desdits Fabrice & Julle, & plusieurs autres, ce neantmoins de tout temps les ont mis & mettent au ranc desdits coups.''
Line 1,007: Line 1,007:
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation of the first strike, which is for the attacking Lieutenant and for the defending Prevost.''
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation of the first strike, which is for the attacking Lieutenant and for the defending Prevost.''
  
And to do this, the Lieutenant being again on the right foot, having thrown the said low right-hand at the knee, while the Prevost threw a right-hand at the sword arm at the same time as shown above at the said Lieutenant on number 15 and the Prevost on 16. The said Lieutenant being again on the right foot, seeing himself about to be struck by a right-hand on the sword arm, immediately lifts and carries his sword high and throws a back-hand<ref>per Dupuis's transcription, it's literally "backhand" as opposed to the technique before named "renver" for whatever reason Didier thought to use a different word this time. I've included a hyphen to differentiate, but it's the same.</ref> on the side of the right shoulder of the Prevost, keeping the said Lieutenant's fingernails of the right hand to face left, and his left hand is keeping right of his face, as shown above at the portraiture marked behind the collar in number 17.
+
And to do this, the Lieutenant being again on the right foot, having thrown the said low right-hand at the knee, while the Prevost threw a right-hand at the sword arm at the same time as shown above at the said Lieutenant on number 15 and the Prevost on 16. The said Lieutenant being again on the right foot, seeing himself about to be struck by a right-hand on the sword arm, immediately lifts and carries his sword high and throws a back-hand on the side of the right shoulder of the Prevost, keeping the said Lieutenant's fingernails of the right hand to face left, and his left hand is keeping right of his face, as shown above at the portraiture marked behind the collar in number 17.
  
 
''The end of the first counter of the first strike of the sword alone for the said Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the first counter of the first strike of the sword alone for the said Lieutenant.''
Line 1,083: Line 1,083:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 23-24.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 23-24.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The following is the second strike of the sword alone on this section, which is a low backhand at the right knee of the Prevost, thrown by the Lieutenant and properly defended by the Prevost.''
+
| ''The following is the second strike of the sword alone on this section, which is a low reversal at the right knee of the Prevost, thrown by the Lieutenant and properly defended by the Prevost.''
  
 
And to do this, the Lieutenant remaining on the right foot having made and thrown the said first and second counters, is to execute and make the said second strike by advancing with the left foot and throwing a back-hand at the right knee of the Prevost, keeping the left hand right of his face, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked 23.   
 
And to do this, the Lieutenant remaining on the right foot having made and thrown the said first and second counters, is to execute and make the said second strike by advancing with the left foot and throwing a back-hand at the right knee of the Prevost, keeping the left hand right of his face, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked 23.   
Line 1,089: Line 1,089:
 
''This is the end of the said second strike for the Lieutenant.''
 
''This is the end of the said second strike for the Lieutenant.''
  
The said Lieutenant pretends to not know the remedy of the said backhand, but he does it as will be seen afterwards; because he does not want to defend himself, therefore not making the remedy, waiting for him to show the said Prevost how he has to do it.
+
The said Lieutenant pretends to not know the remedy of the said reversal, but he does it as will be seen afterwards; because he does not want to defend himself, therefore not making the remedy, waiting for him to show the said Prevost how he has to do it.
  
''Here will be declared the second strike of the sword alone for the said Prevost, which is a backhand on the sword elbow of the Lieutenant.''
+
''Here will be declared the second strike of the sword alone for the said Prevost, which is a reversal on the sword elbow of the Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, having made the first guard and drawing while being under the left foot, in order to execute this strike when the said Lieutenant advanced his left foot to throw a low back-hand at the Prevost's knee, the said Prevost pulls back his right foot and throws a backhand at the elbow of the sword arm of the said Lieutenant instead of going for the sword as done by the ignorants, keeping the left hand above the left lap, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 24 behind the collar.
+
And to do this, having made the first guard and drawing while being under the left foot, in order to execute this strike when the said Lieutenant advanced his left foot to throw a low back-hand at the Prevost's knee, the said Prevost pulls back his right foot and throws a reversal at the elbow of the sword arm of the said Lieutenant instead of going for the sword as done by the ignorant, keeping the left hand above the left lap, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 24 behind the collar.
  
''The end of the second strike which is a backhand under the elbow of the sword arm of the said Lieutenant, thrown by the said Prevost.''
+
''The end of the second strike which is a reversal under the elbow of the sword arm of the said Lieutenant, thrown by the said Prevost.''
  
 
| ''Sensuit le second coup de ceste espée seule, suivant l’ordre d’icelle, qui est un renvers de bas au jarret droict du Prevost, tiré par le Lieutenent, & deffendu proprement par le Prevost.''
 
| ''Sensuit le second coup de ceste espée seule, suivant l’ordre d’icelle, qui est un renvers de bas au jarret droict du Prevost, tiré par le Lieutenent, & deffendu proprement par le Prevost.''
Line 1,114: Line 1,114:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 25-26.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 25-26.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The following is the counter and continuation and declarations of the second strike, which is a low backhand at the left knee of the Prevost thrown by the Lieutenant.''
+
| ''The following is the counter and continuation and declarations of the second strike, which is a low reversal at the left knee of the Prevost thrown by the Lieutenant.''
  
 
And to do this the said Lieutenant remains on the left foot, seeing himself about to be struck on the elbow of the sword arm as stated at the other said figures marked 23 and 24, immediately this Lieutenant is to make his first counter or continuation and pulls up his right hand for a high thrust, as he should do, keeping the sword hilt with the fingertips facing left and keeping the left hand right of his shoulder, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 25.
 
And to do this the said Lieutenant remains on the left foot, seeing himself about to be struck on the elbow of the sword arm as stated at the other said figures marked 23 and 24, immediately this Lieutenant is to make his first counter or continuation and pulls up his right hand for a high thrust, as he should do, keeping the sword hilt with the fingertips facing left and keeping the left hand right of his shoulder, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 25.
Line 1,120: Line 1,120:
 
''This is the end of the first counter of the said strike for the Lieutenant.''
 
''This is the end of the first counter of the said strike for the Lieutenant.''
  
Here will be shown the declaration of the first counter or continuation of the said second strike, which is a low backhand at the knee of the said Lieutenant and a backhand at the elbow, thrown by the said Prevost marked number 23 and 24 above for the said Lieutenant and for the said Prevost. And to defend himself from the second counter or continuation, which is a right-hand or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant, it is necessary that the said Prevost being on the step of the left foot, crosses the sword of the said Lieutenant with the strong on the weak, and presents him a thrust to the face of the said Lieutenant, keeping the fingernails on the hand of the sword hilt up and the left hand under the elbow of the sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 26.
+
Here will be shown the declaration of the first counter or continuation of the said second strike, which is a low reversal at the knee of the said Lieutenant and a reversal at the elbow, thrown by the said Prevost marked number 23 and 24 above for the said Lieutenant and for the said Prevost. And to defend himself from the second counter or continuation, which is a right-hand or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant, it is necessary that the said Prevost being on the step of the left foot, crosses the sword of the said Lieutenant with the strong on the weak, and presents him a thrust to the face of the said Lieutenant, keeping the fingernails on the hand of the sword hilt up and the left hand under the elbow of the sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 26.
  
 
''This is the end of the first counter of the said second strike for the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the first counter of the said second strike for the said Prevost.''
Line 1,138: Line 1,138:
 
| ''Declaration of the second counter of the said second strike for the Lieutenant and the Prevost.''
 
| ''Declaration of the second counter of the said second strike for the Lieutenant and the Prevost.''
  
And to do this, the Lieutenant needs to be under the said step of the right foot to steal away his sword under the sword hilt of the Prevost, and to throw again either a high backhand or high thrust for the second counter and continuation of his choice on the right side, keeping the nails on sword hilt facing left, and the left hand straight at his face, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 27.
+
And to do this, the Lieutenant needs to be under the said step of the right foot to steal away his sword under the sword hilt of the Prevost, and to throw again either a high reversal or high thrust for the second counter and continuation of his choice on the right side, keeping the nails on sword hilt facing left, and the left hand straight at his face, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 27.
  
 
''The end of the second counter for this Lieutenant on the second strike.''
 
''The end of the second counter for this Lieutenant on the second strike.''
Line 1,146: Line 1,146:
 
And to do this the said Prevost needs to also be under the right foot and that he crosses and strikes down with the strong on the weak of the sword of the said attacking Lieutenant, which is the second continuation, keeping the sword hilt and fingertips down, and presenting a thust to his left nipple, and also keeping the left hand right of the left nipple, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 28.
 
And to do this the said Prevost needs to also be under the right foot and that he crosses and strikes down with the strong on the weak of the sword of the said attacking Lieutenant, which is the second continuation, keeping the sword hilt and fingertips down, and presenting a thust to his left nipple, and also keeping the left hand right of the left nipple, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 28.
  
''This is the end of the second counter for the Prevost starting with low backhand at the knee of the Lieutenant, then defended and cut at the arms by the Prevost, as shown at length with the portraitures above the strikes.''
+
''This is the end of the second counter for the Prevost starting with low reversal at the knee of the Lieutenant, then defended and cut at the arms by the Prevost, as shown at length with the portraitures above the strikes.''
  
 
And if some Lieutenants or Prevosts are left-handed, they must observe the same step, guard, and placement, if they want to be good and perfect to demonstrate the said fencing.
 
And if some Lieutenants or Prevosts are left-handed, they must observe the same step, guard, and placement, if they want to be good and perfect to demonstrate the said fencing.
Line 1,192: Line 1,192:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 31-32.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 31-32.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The third strike of the sword alone for the Lieutenant and the Prevost is a high right-hand that follows the section of the said clean targets.''
+
| ''The third strike of the sword alone for the Lieutenant and the Prevost is a high right-hand that follows the section of the said distinct targets.''
  
 
And to do this, the said attacking Lieutenant demonstrating this must, as have been stated many times, be on the step of the left foot as marked above at the portraiture of the said Lieutenant, not this one but the other marked number 29. And to do this said third strike, which is a high right-hand at the left shoulder of the said Prevost, the said Lieutenant must advance the right foot and throw a right-hand at the left shoulder of the said defending Prevost, keeping the sword hand up<ref>The position of the hand illustrates the fingers down, in opposition to the text.</ref>, and his left hand right of the chin as shown above at the portraiture marked number 31.
 
And to do this, the said attacking Lieutenant demonstrating this must, as have been stated many times, be on the step of the left foot as marked above at the portraiture of the said Lieutenant, not this one but the other marked number 29. And to do this said third strike, which is a high right-hand at the left shoulder of the said Prevost, the said Lieutenant must advance the right foot and throw a right-hand at the left shoulder of the said defending Prevost, keeping the sword hand up<ref>The position of the hand illustrates the fingers down, in opposition to the text.</ref>, and his left hand right of the chin as shown above at the portraiture marked number 31.
Line 1,216: Line 1,216:
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation for the Lieutenant and the Prevost, for the said third strike of the sword alone.''
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation for the Lieutenant and the Prevost, for the said third strike of the sword alone.''
  
To do this first counter and continuation for the said third strike effectively, which is a high right-hand the said Lieutenant must be under the right foot having thrown the said right-hand against the Prevost, as shown in the figure and portraiture number 31 above. And in an instant in order to execute and make the first counter and continuation effectively the said Lieutenant must steal away his sword in passing a back-hand below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and throw a high backhand or a high back-hand at the left shoulder of the Prevost, as shown above in the figure of the said Lieutenant, marked number 33.
+
To do this first counter and continuation for the said third strike effectively, which is a high right-hand the said Lieutenant must be under the right foot having thrown the said right-hand against the Prevost, as shown in the figure and portraiture number 31 above. And in an instant in order to execute and make the first counter and continuation effectively the said Lieutenant must steal away his sword in passing a back-hand below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and throw a high reversal or high back-hand at the left shoulder of the Prevost, as shown above in the figure of the said Lieutenant, marked number 33.
  
 
''The end of the counter and continuation of the third strike for the Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the counter and continuation of the third strike for the Lieutenant.''
Line 1,242: Line 1,242:
 
| ''The second counter and continuation of the said third strike for the Lieutenant and the Prevost.''
 
| ''The second counter and continuation of the said third strike for the Lieutenant and the Prevost.''
  
And to effectively do the second counter and continuation of the said third strike for the said Lieutenant, the Lieutenant must be with on the right foot and with the sword of the Lieutenant having backhanded, with the step of the same right foot, he will pass and steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost and throw the second counter and continuation with a fore-hand<re>read: right-hand</ref> on the left shoulder of the Prevost, keeping the nails on the sword hand facing left and the left hand right of the face, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 35.
+
And to effectively do the second counter and continuation of the said third strike for the said Lieutenant, the Lieutenant must be on the right foot and with the sword of the Lieutenant having reversaled, with the step of the same right foot, he will pass and steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost and throw the second counter and continuation with a fore-hand<re>read: right-hand</ref> on the left shoulder of the Prevost, keeping the nails on the sword hand facing left and the left hand right of the face, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 35.
  
 
''The end of the second counter and continuation of the said third strike for the said Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the second counter and continuation of the said third strike for the said Lieutenant.''
Line 1,266: Line 1,266:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 37-38.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 37-38.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The following is the declaration, guard, and positioning of the fourth cut, which is a high backhand on this section of the said sword alone for the Lieutenant and Prevost, and everything that must be done.''
+
| ''The following is the declaration, guard, and positioning of the fourth cut, which is a high reversal on this section of the said sword alone for the Lieutenant and Prevost, and everything that must be done.''
  
 
And to do this, the Lieutenant must have the feet together to first make one of the said two drawings as stated, and here is where the said Lieutenant places his right foot, which demonstrates the difference from where the left foot is placed, and the said Lieutenant keeps the sword hilt upon the right lap in low guard placing the sword point straight at the lap of the Prevost, keeping the left hand opposite of his chin, as shown above at the portraiture and figure of the said Lieutenant, marked in number 37.
 
And to do this, the Lieutenant must have the feet together to first make one of the said two drawings as stated, and here is where the said Lieutenant places his right foot, which demonstrates the difference from where the left foot is placed, and the said Lieutenant keeps the sword hilt upon the right lap in low guard placing the sword point straight at the lap of the Prevost, keeping the left hand opposite of his chin, as shown above at the portraiture and figure of the said Lieutenant, marked in number 37.
Line 1,288: Line 1,288:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 39-40.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 39-40.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''This will show and declare the fourth strike of the sword alone, which is a high backhand, multiplied for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
+
| ''This will show and declare the fourth strike of the sword alone, which is a high reversal, multiplied for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
  
And to execute it, the said Lieutenant must be on the right foot, advances the left foot, and throws a backhand on the right shoulder of the Prevost, pretending to throw a thrust to his face, keeping the left hand right of his chin, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 39.
+
And to execute it, the said Lieutenant must be on the right foot, advances the left foot, and throws a reversal on the right shoulder of the Prevost, pretending to throw a thrust to his face, keeping the left hand right of his chin, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 39.
  
 
''This is the end of the fourth strike for the Lieutenant.''
 
''This is the end of the fourth strike for the Lieutenant.''
  
Next is the defense of the said fourth strike for the defending Prevost, which is a high backhand thrown by the said agressive Lieutenant. And to do this, the said Prevost is to be on the right foot in middle guard, as shown above at the portraiture and figure number 38, and he must pull his right foot back and cross his sword at the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, on the said backhand, which is the fourth strike thrown by the said Lieutenant, keeping the nails on the sword hand down and therefore the back of the hand up, and presents a thrust at the said Lieutenant, also keeping the left hand right on his shoulder, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 40 behind the collar.
+
Next is the defense of the said fourth strike for the defending Prevost, which is a high reversal thrown by the said agressive Lieutenant. And to do this, the said Prevost is to be on the right foot in middle guard, as shown above at the portraiture and figure number 38, and he must pull his right foot back and cross his sword at the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, on the said reversal, which is the fourth strike thrown by the said Lieutenant, keeping the nails on the sword hand down and therefore the back of the hand up, and presents a thrust at the said Lieutenant, also keeping the left hand right on his shoulder, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 40 behind the collar.
  
 
''This is the end of the said fourth strike for the defending Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the said fourth strike for the defending Prevost.''
Line 1,313: Line 1,313:
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation of the said fourth strike for the attacking Lieutenent against the defending Prevost.''
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation of the said fourth strike for the attacking Lieutenent against the defending Prevost.''
  
And to do this, this Lieutenant must remain on the step of the left foot and at the same instance that he throws the said high backhand, he steal away his sword below the Prevost's and throws a high right-hand at the said Prevost as the first counter, being as stated on the left foot, keeping the nails on the sword hand up and the left hand right of his chest, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 40.
+
And to do this, this Lieutenant must remain on the step of the left foot and at the same instance that he throws the said high reversal, he steal away his sword below the Prevost's and throws a high right-hand at the said Prevost as the first counter, being as stated on the left foot, keeping the nails on the sword hand up and the left hand right of his chest, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 40.
  
 
''The end of the first counter for the demonstrating Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the first counter for the demonstrating Lieutenant.''
Line 1,337: Line 1,337:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 43-44.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 43-44.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The following is the second and last counter for the said fourth strike, which is a high backhand, and will also begin on the left foot for this attacking Lieutenant and defended by this Prevost.''
+
| ''The following is the second and last counter for the said fourth strike, which is a high reversal, and will also begin on the left foot for this attacking Lieutenant and defended by this Prevost.''
  
And to do this, this Lieutenant in order to execute the second counter effectively must, without leaving where he's currently planted which is on the left foot, steal away the sword below the Prevost's and throw a high backhand, which is the proper strike, keeping the sword hand up and the left hand right of the chin, as shown above at the said portraiture and figure marked number 43 behind the bonnet.
+
And to do this, this Lieutenant in order to execute the second counter effectively must, without leaving where he's currently planted which is on the left foot, steal away the sword below the Prevost's and throw a high reversal, which is the proper strike, keeping the sword hand up and the left hand right of the chin, as shown above at the said portraiture and figure marked number 43 behind the bonnet.
  
 
''After having declared the second counter by the said attacking Lieutenant, stay to perform and declare the second counter for the defending Prevost.''
 
''After having declared the second counter by the said attacking Lieutenant, stay to perform and declare the second counter for the defending Prevost.''
  
And to do this, the Prevost must be on the left foot, and at the same time without a moment to waste after having thrown and defended the said first counter and continuation, return to cross and beat down the second counter which is the high backhand of the said Lieutenant, and also must be strong on weak, keeping the nails of the sword hand down, and presenting a thrust to his neck, keeping the left hand below the sword arm as shown next to this writing at the said portraiture and figure marked number 44.
+
And to do this, the Prevost must be on the left foot, and at the same time without a moment to waste after having thrown and defended the said first counter and continuation, return to cross and beat down the second counter which is the high reversal of the said Lieutenant, and also must be strong on weak, keeping the nails of the sword hand down, and presenting a thrust to his neck, keeping the left hand below the sword arm as shown next to this writing at the said portraiture and figure marked number 44.
  
 
''This is the end of the defense of the second counter of the said fourth strike for the Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the defense of the second counter of the said fourth strike for the Prevost.''
Line 1,413: Line 1,413:
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation of the said fifth strike which is the high thrust thrown by the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
 
| ''The following is the first counter and continuation of the said fifth strike which is the high thrust thrown by the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
  
And to do this, the said Lieutenant must be on the step of the right foot to do this counter and continuation a little after he has thrown the said thrust, the fifth strike with the right-hand, the said Lieutenant steals away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost that he throws at this Lieutenant, for the first counter and continuation another on the backhand, which is on the right side of the Prevost, keeping the left hand right of the nipple as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 49. And if the said Lieutenant is left-handed, he must throw the strike at the opposite of what is described, holding the opposite step of the said counter and continuation, that is to say that if the said Lieutenant throws a right-handed backhand, the Prevost if left-handed would have to beat it down with a right-hand<ref>The technique.</ref> using his left hand.
+
And to do this, the said Lieutenant must be on the step of the right foot to do this counter and continuation a little after he has thrown the said thrust, the fifth strike with the right-hand, the said Lieutenant steals away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost that he throws at this Lieutenant, for the first counter and continuation another on the reversal, which is on the right side of the Prevost, keeping the left hand right of the nipple as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 49. And if the said Lieutenant is left-handed, he must throw the strike at the opposite of what is described, holding the opposite step of the said counter and continuation, that is to say that if the said Lieutenant throws a right-handed reversal, the Prevost if left-handed would have to beat it down with a right-hand<ref>The technique.</ref> using his left hand.
  
 
''The end of the counter for the said Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the counter for the said Lieutenant.''
Line 1,464: Line 1,464:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 53-54.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 53-54.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''This is the guard and position of the Lieutenant and the Prevost for the sixth strike the thrust, multiplied at the sixth clean target on the defender.''
+
| ''This is the guard and position of the Lieutenant and the Prevost for the sixth strike the thrust, multiplied at the sixth distinct target on the defender.''
  
 
One must declare this next guard and position to make and execute the thrust, which is the sixth and last strike and target, being as stated multiplied in several strikes and counters of the sword alone above. And this is multiplied on the right side. One could begin to pull the left foot but will have to multiply the strikes, or execute them with a feint. But to begin this said guard by the said Lieutenant the said sixth strike, he will keep himself on the right foot in middle guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the sword point straight at the eyes of the Prevost, and the keeping the left hand right of the chin, as shown at the portraiture marked number 53 behind the collar.
 
One must declare this next guard and position to make and execute the thrust, which is the sixth and last strike and target, being as stated multiplied in several strikes and counters of the sword alone above. And this is multiplied on the right side. One could begin to pull the left foot but will have to multiply the strikes, or execute them with a feint. But to begin this said guard by the said Lieutenant the said sixth strike, he will keep himself on the right foot in middle guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the sword point straight at the eyes of the Prevost, and the keeping the left hand right of the chin, as shown at the portraiture marked number 53 behind the collar.
Line 1,498: Line 1,498:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 55-56.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 55-56.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The following is the sixth and last strike and target of the sword to be multiplied, which is a high thrust on the backhand thrown by the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
+
| ''The following is the sixth and last strike and target of the sword to be multiplied, which is a high thrust on the reversal thrown by the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
  
 
And to do this, this Lieutenant must be on the said guard and said step shown above at the portraiture marked number 53. This Lieutenant being on the right foot as stated will pretend to make a thrust at the left side of the Prevost on the said right foot, and in an instant will advance the left foot, stealing away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and throwing a thrust at his right, keeping the sword hilt and the fingertips on the hand holding it facing left, and keeping the left hand right of his left nipple, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 55 behind the collar of the said Lieutenant.
 
And to do this, this Lieutenant must be on the said guard and said step shown above at the portraiture marked number 53. This Lieutenant being on the right foot as stated will pretend to make a thrust at the left side of the Prevost on the said right foot, and in an instant will advance the left foot, stealing away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and throwing a thrust at his right, keeping the sword hilt and the fingertips on the hand holding it facing left, and keeping the left hand right of his left nipple, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 55 behind the collar of the said Lieutenant.
Line 1,554: Line 1,554:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 59-60.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 59-60.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''This is the second and last counter and continuation of the said sixth strike being multiplied, which is a high thrust on the backhand, coming from the said thrust on the right-hand of the Lieutenant executed against the Prevost.''
+
| ''This is the second and last counter and continuation of the said sixth strike being multiplied, which is a high thrust on the reversal, coming from the said thrust on the right-hand of the Lieutenant executed against the Prevost.''
  
 
And to do this, this said Lieutenant must be on the left foot and his sword at the first counter, which is a right-hand or thrust, as shown at the portraiture marked 57. And to execute the second and last counter for the Lieutenant, he must steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost and throw another thrust on the said back-hand, keeping the back of the sword hand up, his left hand right of the face to defend against the sword point of the Prevost if in case he drives it more forward, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 59 behind the hat.
 
And to do this, this said Lieutenant must be on the left foot and his sword at the first counter, which is a right-hand or thrust, as shown at the portraiture marked 57. And to execute the second and last counter for the Lieutenant, he must steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost and throw another thrust on the said back-hand, keeping the back of the sword hand up, his left hand right of the face to defend against the sword point of the Prevost if in case he drives it more forward, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 59 behind the hat.
Line 1,560: Line 1,560:
 
''This is the end of the second and last counter and continuation for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the second and last counter and continuation for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
  
''The defense of the second counter or continuation of the said sixth and last strike of the sword alone, which is a high thrust on the backhand for the defending Prevost against the said attacking Lieutenant.''
+
''The defense of the second counter or continuation of the said sixth and last strike of the sword alone, which is a high thrust on the reversal for the defending Prevost against the said attacking Lieutenant.''
  
 
And for the defense of this said counter and continuation for the said Prevost, he must be on the left foot, and he need to cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, which is near the hilt at the middle of the sword as stated above several times, and present a thrust at the left nipple or at the eye of the said Lieutenant, having the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of his stomach which is below the sword elbow, as shown in the portraiture marked number 60 behind the hat.
 
And for the defense of this said counter and continuation for the said Prevost, he must be on the left foot, and he need to cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, which is near the hilt at the middle of the sword as stated above several times, and present a thrust at the left nipple or at the eye of the said Lieutenant, having the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of his stomach which is below the sword elbow, as shown in the portraiture marked number 60 behind the hat.
  
''This is the end of the six said strikes, being multiplied at the said clean targets, as stated above, with counters and continuations, both for the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
+
''This is the end of the six said strikes, being multiplied at the said distinct targets, as stated above, with counters and continuations, both for the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
  
 
| ''Icy est la seconde & derniere opposite & suitte, dudit sixiesme coup, estant multiplié, qui est un estoc d’hault,sur le renvers, venant dudit estoc sur le maindroit pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost, dont la voicy executée.''
 
| ''Icy est la seconde & derniere opposite & suitte, dudit sixiesme coup, estant multiplié, qui est un estoc d’hault,sur le renvers, venant dudit estoc sur le maindroit pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost, dont la voicy executée.''
Line 1,636: Line 1,636:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 65-66.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 65-66.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''And for the first counter and continuation of the said triangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost, the Lieutenant does a high thrust or high backhand.''
+
| ''And for the first counter and continuation of the said triangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost, the Lieutenant does a high thrust or high reversal.''
  
 
To do this counter and continuation well for the said Lieutenant, he must have his left foot on the footprint of the triangle marked number 1 in the portraiture, advance the right foot on the footprint marked number 3, and pass the sword point below the sword hilt of the Prevost, having made and thrown the said strike, and throw a high thrust on the right side of the Prevost for the first counter and continuation, keeping the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of the nipple, as shown at the said portraiture marked number 65.
 
To do this counter and continuation well for the said Lieutenant, he must have his left foot on the footprint of the triangle marked number 1 in the portraiture, advance the right foot on the footprint marked number 3, and pass the sword point below the sword hilt of the Prevost, having made and thrown the said strike, and throw a high thrust on the right side of the Prevost for the first counter and continuation, keeping the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of the nipple, as shown at the said portraiture marked number 65.
Line 1,644: Line 1,644:
 
''The following is the defense of the first counter and continuation for the said Prevost against the said Lieutenant.''
 
''The following is the defense of the first counter and continuation for the said Prevost against the said Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this the said Prevost must watch the point of the said Lieutenant for when it would pass below the sword hilt in order to throw either a high thrust or high backhand at the choice of the said Lieutenant, wait for the attack, and for the conservation of the first counter and continuation of the said triangle made by the Lieutenant, the said Prevost needs to cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, being on the right foot, and to present a thrust at the face of the said Lieutenant, keeping the back of the sword hand up, and the left hand right of the nipple, as shown above at the portraiture, marked number 66.
+
And to do this the said Prevost must watch the point of the said Lieutenant for when it would pass below the sword hilt in order to throw either a high thrust or high reversal at the choice of the said Lieutenant, wait for the attack, and for the conservation of the first counter and continuation of the said triangle made by the Lieutenant, the said Prevost needs to cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, being on the right foot, and to present a thrust at the face of the said Lieutenant, keeping the back of the sword hand up, and the left hand right of the nipple, as shown above at the portraiture, marked number 66.
  
 
''This is the end and defense of the first counter of the said triangle for the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the end and defense of the first counter of the said triangle for the said Prevost.''
Line 1,670: Line 1,670:
 
''The following is the reverse of the second counter and continuation for the said Prevost.''
 
''The following is the reverse of the second counter and continuation for the said Prevost.''
  
And to do this, the said Prevost must be on the left foot having made his step, as stated above at the said figures of the said three drawings, marked number 2 and 4, also as shown above at portraiture 62 of the said Prevost, and to guard the said strike thrown by the said Lieutenant well in the manner and fashion of the triangle, the said Prevost needs to watch the sword point of the said Lieutenant and never lose sight of it, and when the Lieutenant advances his right foot to throw a high thrust or high backhand, the said Prevost must cross these strikes, strong on weak, and present a thrust at the face, as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 64, and to make and execute the second counter for the said Prevost, he will be on the right foot and cross the thrust coming on the backhand thrown by the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hand up, presenting a thrust at the face of the said Lieutenant, and keeping the left hand of the said Prevost right of the braies, as marked number 68 above.
+
And to do this, the said Prevost must be on the left foot having made his step, as stated above at the said figures of the said three drawings, marked number 2 and 4, also as shown above at portraiture 62 of the said Prevost, and to guard the said strike thrown by the said Lieutenant well in the manner and fashion of the triangle, the said Prevost needs to watch the sword point of the said Lieutenant and never lose sight of it, and when the Lieutenant advances his right foot to throw a high thrust or high reversal, the said Prevost must cross these strikes, strong on weak, and present a thrust at the face, as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 64, and to make and execute the second counter for the said Prevost, he will be on the right foot and cross the thrust coming on the reversal thrown by the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hand up, presenting a thrust at the face of the said Lieutenant, and keeping the left hand of the said Prevost right of the braies, as marked number 68 above.
  
 
''This is the end and defense of the said strike for the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the end and defense of the said strike for the said Prevost.''
Line 1,768: Line 1,768:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 75-76.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 75-76.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The following is the completion of the said rectangle which is a high right-hand or a high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant against the Prevost.''
+
| ''The following is the completion of the said rectangle which is a high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant against the Prevost.''
  
 
To complete the said rectangle for the said Lieutenant against the Prevost, the said Lieutenant must have the right foot on the footprint marked number 4 and the left foot on the footprint marked 3, stealing away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost and throwing a high right-hand or high thrust to complete the said rectangle, keeping the nails on the sword hand down and the left hand right of his face, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 75.
 
To complete the said rectangle for the said Lieutenant against the Prevost, the said Lieutenant must have the right foot on the footprint marked number 4 and the left foot on the footprint marked 3, stealing away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost and throwing a high right-hand or high thrust to complete the said rectangle, keeping the nails on the sword hand down and the left hand right of his face, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 75.
Line 1,776: Line 1,776:
 
''The following is the defense and completion of the said strike with two continuations in the fashion of a rectangle for the said defending Prevost against the attacking Lieutenant.''
 
''The following is the defense and completion of the said strike with two continuations in the fashion of a rectangle for the said defending Prevost against the attacking Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, the said Prevost for the first continuation must be on the right foot, crossing and beating down the said high backhand or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hilt down, and throwing a high thrust at the left eye of the said Lieutenant as shown above at the other portraiture and figure marked number 74. And for the second counter and continuation which is to complete the said rectangle, the said Prevost must also be on the right foot and carefully watch the sword point of the said Lieutenant in every discourse of the said rectangle, and cross the sword of the said Lieutenant who is making the second counter which is a high right-hand or high thrust coming from the strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hand up and presenting a thrust to the said Lieutenant's face while keeping the left hand at his nipple as shown above at the portraiture marked number 76.
+
And to do this, the said Prevost for the first continuation must be on the right foot, crossing and beating down the said high reversal or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hilt down, and throwing a high thrust at the left eye of the said Lieutenant as shown above at the other portraiture and figure marked number 74. And for the second counter and continuation which is to complete the said rectangle, the said Prevost must also be on the right foot and carefully watch the sword point of the said Lieutenant in every discourse of the said rectangle, and cross the sword of the said Lieutenant who is making the second counter which is a high right-hand or high thrust coming from the strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hand up and presenting a thrust to the said Lieutenant's face while keeping the left hand at his nipple as shown above at the portraiture marked number 76.
  
 
''The end of the said rectangle for the said Prevost.''
 
''The end of the said rectangle for the said Prevost.''
Line 1,858: Line 1,858:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 81-82.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 81-82.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''First strike thrown as a high right-hand or a high thrust for the first grab by the Lieutenant and nearly executed by the Prevost as shown here.''
+
| ''First strike thrown as a high right-hand or high thrust for the first grab by the Lieutenant and nearly executed by the Prevost as shown here.''
  
 
And to do this, the said Lieutenant needs to have made his said step, guard, and placement, being on the left foot, he must advance the right foot as shown at the figure and portraiture as stated in number 79. And also this said Lieutenant, being on the left foot advances his right foot and throws a high thrust or high right-hand at the Lieutenant<ref>It is meant to read as Prevost here.</ref>, keeping the nails of the sword hand up, and keeping also the left hand right of his stomach and below the sword arm, as shown at the portraiture marked number 81.
 
And to do this, the said Lieutenant needs to have made his said step, guard, and placement, being on the left foot, he must advance the right foot as shown at the figure and portraiture as stated in number 79. And also this said Lieutenant, being on the left foot advances his right foot and throws a high thrust or high right-hand at the Lieutenant<ref>It is meant to read as Prevost here.</ref>, keeping the nails of the sword hand up, and keeping also the left hand right of his stomach and below the sword arm, as shown at the portraiture marked number 81.
Line 2,004: Line 2,004:
 
''The following is what the said Prevost must do to make the second grab against the said Lieutenant.''
 
''The following is what the said Prevost must do to make the second grab against the said Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, the said Prevost also will also be on the left foot in middle guard as shown above at the portraiture in number 90. The Lieutenant having thrown his choice of a high right-hand or a high thrust, the Prevost pulls the left foot back and crosses and beats down the sword of the Lieutenant, strong on weak, and seeing that he was tricked by the step and grab of the said Lieutenant, this said Prevost seeing the trickery, signals with his left hand that he wants to turn away and beat down the thrust at him, and can attack the said Lieutenant as shown above at the next said portraiture and figure marked number 92 behind his head.
+
And to do this, the said Prevost also will also be on the left foot in middle guard as shown above at the portraiture in number 90. The Lieutenant having thrown his choice of a high right-hand or high thrust, the Prevost pulls the left foot back and crosses and beats down the sword of the Lieutenant, strong on weak, and seeing that he was tricked by the step and grab of the said Lieutenant, this said Prevost seeing the trickery, signals with his left hand that he wants to turn away and beat down the thrust at him, and can attack the said Lieutenant as shown above at the next said portraiture and figure marked number 92 behind his head.
  
 
''The end of the second grab made by the said Lieutenant at the said Prevost and how he dealt with it.''
 
''The end of the second grab made by the said Lieutenant at the said Prevost and how he dealt with it.''
Line 2,024: Line 2,024:
 
| ''The second grab shown by the Author to the Lieutenant and executed by him against the Prevost, so that he can do this to another.''
 
| ''The second grab shown by the Author to the Lieutenant and executed by him against the Prevost, so that he can do this to another.''
  
And to do this, this said Lieutenant must have been on the right foot, advancing the left foot, and throwing a high right-hand or high thrust at the Prevost, stealing away with a backhand, passing the sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and at the same time, advancing the left foot and crossing the sword of the Prevost, strong on weak, and having taking his sword hilt with the left hand, hold it and pull so that he will be forced to leave it, seeing the point in front of him, and so will anyone else when we do the same to them as shown above at the portraiture marked number 93 behind the collar.
+
And to do this, this said Lieutenant must have been on the right foot, advancing the left foot, and throwing a high right-hand or high thrust at the Prevost, stealing away with a reversal, passing the sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and at the same time, advancing the left foot and crossing the sword of the Prevost, strong on weak, and having taking his sword hilt with the left hand, hold it and pull so that he will be forced to leave it, seeing the point in front of him, and so will anyone else when we do the same to them as shown above at the portraiture marked number 93 behind the collar.
  
 
''This is the end of the second grab shown and executed by the Lieutenant at the Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the second grab shown and executed by the Lieutenant at the Prevost.''
Line 2,110: Line 2,110:
 
''The following is the defense of the said first strike to make and to execute the third grab for the Prevost against the Lieutenant.''
 
''The following is the defense of the said first strike to make and to execute the third grab for the Prevost against the Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, the said Prevost has also made one of the said drawings, guards, and placements, with the aforementioned step, and remaining on the left foot, and the said Prevost seeing that the said Lieutenant at the same time has thrown a high right-hand, the said Prevost being on the left foot pulls it back, and crosses the sword that the said Lieutenant has thrown a high right-hand or a high thrust, and defending himself the said Prevost this way, beating it down strong on weak, keeping the back of the sword hand down, placing the point straight at the face of the said Lieutenant, also keeping the left hand right and above the right thigh as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 100.
+
And to do this, the said Prevost has also made one of the said drawings, guards, and placements, with the aforementioned step, and remaining on the left foot, and the said Prevost seeing that the said Lieutenant at the same time has thrown a high right-hand, the said Prevost being on the left foot pulls it back, and crosses the sword that the said Lieutenant has thrown a high right-hand or high thrust, and defending himself the said Prevost this way, beating it down strong on weak, keeping the back of the sword hand down, placing the point straight at the face of the said Lieutenant, also keeping the left hand right and above the right thigh as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 100.
  
 
''The end of the defense and protection of the said strike, for preparing to make the said third grab for the defending Prevost.''
 
''The end of the defense and protection of the said strike, for preparing to make the said third grab for the defending Prevost.''
Line 2,190: Line 2,190:
 
''The end of the guard to make a strike, to execute the fourth grab for the Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the guard to make a strike, to execute the fourth grab for the Lieutenant.''
  
''Next he will be showing the guard and position to defend a high right-hand or a high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant against the Prevost to make the fourth grab.''
+
''Next he will be showing the guard and position to defend a high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant against the Prevost to make the fourth grab.''
  
 
To do this, the said Prevost must also have made one of the said three drawings and be on the left foot while keeping himself in middle guard, which is best, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the point straight at the left nipple of the said Lieutenant, and the left hand right upon the lap, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 106.
 
To do this, the said Prevost must also have made one of the said three drawings and be on the left foot while keeping himself in middle guard, which is best, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the point straight at the left nipple of the said Lieutenant, and the left hand right upon the lap, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 106.
Line 2,212: Line 2,212:
 
| ''The high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the Lieutenant and defended by the Prevost that will have to be repeated at the Lieutenant to execute the fourth grab against the Prevost.''
 
| ''The high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the Lieutenant and defended by the Prevost that will have to be repeated at the Lieutenant to execute the fourth grab against the Prevost.''
  
And to do this, this said Lieutenant must be on the left foot in high guard as shown above at the other portraiture marked number 105, seen in his place. And to execute this strike which at the said Lieutenant's choice is either a high right-hand or a high thrust, he will advance the right foot and throw a steep thrust at the face of the Prevost, keeping the sword hilt even higher than the right shoulder and the back of the sword hand down, and the left hand in front of his chin as shown above at the portraiture marked number 107.
+
And to do this, this said Lieutenant must be on the left foot in high guard as shown above at the other portraiture marked number 105, seen in his place. And to execute this strike which at the said Lieutenant's choice is either a high right-hand or high thrust, he will advance the right foot and throw a steep thrust at the face of the Prevost, keeping the sword hilt even higher than the right shoulder and the back of the sword hand down, and the left hand in front of his chin as shown above at the portraiture marked number 107.
  
 
''The end of the strike for the attacking Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the strike for the attacking Lieutenant.''
Line 2,218: Line 2,218:
 
''The way to defend the Prevost at the aforementioned high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the Lieutenant so that afterwards he then execute the said fourth grab.''
 
''The way to defend the Prevost at the aforementioned high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the Lieutenant so that afterwards he then execute the said fourth grab.''
  
And to do this, this said Prevost must be on the left foot in middle guard as shown above at the portraiture marked number 106. And for the defense of this high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant, this said Prevost needs to pull the left foot back and cross his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, be it a high right-hand or a high thrust, strong on weak, just like we did above at any one of the other said counters and continuations; and present a thrust to the face of the said Lieutenant, keeping the back of the sword hand down and the nails up, and the left hand right of his nipple, placing the sword point straight at the mouth of the said Lieutenant as shown and done above at the portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 108 behind the collar.
+
And to do this, this said Prevost must be on the left foot in middle guard as shown above at the portraiture marked number 106. And for the defense of this high right-hand or high thrust thrown by the said Lieutenant, this said Prevost needs to pull the left foot back and cross his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, be it a high right-hand or high thrust, strong on weak, just like we did above at any one of the other said counters and continuations; and present a thrust to the face of the said Lieutenant, keeping the back of the sword hand down and the nails up, and the left hand right of his nipple, placing the sword point straight at the mouth of the said Lieutenant as shown and done above at the portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 108 behind the collar.
  
 
''This is how the said Prevost effectively guards the aforementioned strike thrown by the said Lieutenant.''
 
''This is how the said Prevost effectively guards the aforementioned strike thrown by the said Lieutenant.''
  
Next we will show the said fourth and last grab which is very subtle to make his adversaries let go of his weapons, which will be in the middle of a high right-hand or a high thrust that will be thrown and will be served to tell us whether they are ignorant or knowledgeable. Because if he is ignorant and clumsy, it will easily be done at him, and if he is skillful, he must feint as will be seen later in time at the declaration of the Lieutenant, who will do this to show the Prevost.
+
Next we will show the said fourth and last grab which is very subtle to make his adversaries let go of his weapons, which will be in the middle of a high right-hand or high thrust that will be thrown and will be served to tell us whether they are ignorant or knowledgeable. Because if he is ignorant and clumsy, it will easily be done at him, and if he is skillful, he must feint as will be seen later in time at the declaration of the Lieutenant, who will do this to show the Prevost.
  
 
| ''Maindroit ou estoc d’haut, tiré par le Lieutenent, & deffendu par le Prevost, que faudra reiterer au Lieutenent, pour executer la quatriesme prinse contre le Prevost.''
 
| ''Maindroit ou estoc d’haut, tiré par le Lieutenent, & deffendu par le Prevost, que faudra reiterer au Lieutenent, pour executer la quatriesme prinse contre le Prevost.''
Line 2,242: Line 2,242:
 
| ''The fourth grab shown by the attacking Lieutenant to the defending Prevost, as clearly shown and written below.''
 
| ''The fourth grab shown by the attacking Lieutenant to the defending Prevost, as clearly shown and written below.''
  
And to do this, the Lieutenant being on the left foot as shown above at the portraiture of the aforementioned position and the guard marked number 105, advanced the right foot and throws a high right-hand or a high thrust on the left of the Prevost to test, as stated and shown above at the portraiture of the Lieutenant marked number 107, and the Lieutenant seeing that the Prevost has defended the high right-hand or high thrust, this said Lieutenant in order to make the grab steals away his sword with a right-hand below the sword of the Prevost, and let his sword drop above the arms of the Prevost, turning the nails of the sword hand up, and with the left hand near the tip take the sword of the Prevost. With this the Lieutenant tells the Prevost, "Listen, if I wanted to lower and press my left hand down you would be forced to let go of your sword, as you can do to me and in fact will do, as will be seen after provided that you do as shown above at this said portraiture and figure of the said Lieutenant marked number 109.
+
And to do this, the Lieutenant being on the left foot as shown above at the portraiture of the aforementioned position and the guard marked number 105, advanced the right foot and throws a high right-hand or high thrust on the left of the Prevost to test, as stated and shown above at the portraiture of the Lieutenant marked number 107, and the Lieutenant seeing that the Prevost has defended the high right-hand or high thrust, this said Lieutenant in order to make the grab steals away his sword with a right-hand below the sword of the Prevost, and let his sword drop above the arms of the Prevost, turning the nails of the sword hand up, and with the left hand near the tip take the sword of the Prevost. With this the Lieutenant tells the Prevost, "Listen, if I wanted to lower and press my left hand down you would be forced to let go of your sword, as you can do to me and in fact will do, as will be seen after provided that you do as shown above at this said portraiture and figure of the said Lieutenant marked number 109.
  
 
''This is the end of the said fourth and last grab for the said demonstrating Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the said fourth and last grab for the said demonstrating Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
Line 2,268: Line 2,268:
 
| ''The fourth and last grab executed by the defending Prevost against his demonstrator the Lieutenant, as it appears at the portraitures showing him what to do above.''
 
| ''The fourth and last grab executed by the defending Prevost against his demonstrator the Lieutenant, as it appears at the portraitures showing him what to do above.''
  
And to do this, the Lieutenant must be on the left foot as stated above, and while advancing the right foot he will throw a high right-hand or a high thrust of his choice as shown above at the other portraitures of the Lieutenant marked number 107 and the Lieutenant next having thrown one of the said strikes, the Prevost does the same as above. The said Lieutenant having done as appears at the portraiture marked number 109 but with this grab the said Lieutenant is forced to let go of his sword and must use his left hand to beat down the sword of the Prevost, who would throw a thrust as appears at the portraiture above marked number 111 behind the collar.
+
And to do this, the Lieutenant must be on the left foot as stated above, and while advancing the right foot he will throw a high right-hand or high thrust of his choice as shown above at the other portraitures of the Lieutenant marked number 107 and the Lieutenant next having thrown one of the said strikes, the Prevost does the same as above. The said Lieutenant having done as appears at the portraiture marked number 109 but with this grab the said Lieutenant is forced to let go of his sword and must use his left hand to beat down the sword of the Prevost, who would throw a thrust as appears at the portraiture above marked number 111 behind the collar.
  
 
''The end of what the said Lieutenant does to having shown the Prevost how he must make this grab.''
 
''The end of what the said Lieutenant does to having shown the Prevost how he must make this grab.''
Line 2,274: Line 2,274:
 
''The following is the execution of the said fourth and last grab of the said sword alone for the Prevost against the said Lieutenant his said demonstrator.''
 
''The following is the execution of the said fourth and last grab of the said sword alone for the Prevost against the said Lieutenant his said demonstrator.''
  
And to do this, this said Prevost must be on the left foot and when he sees that the Lieutenant or another attacker will throw a high right-hand or a high thrust, having advanced the right foot, the said Prevost will pull his left foot back, and at the same time steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the said Lieutenant, and without a moment to waste, let the sword point fall on the said Lieutenant, and the said Prevost will forcefully take the sword point of the said Lieutenant with the left hand and pass and lower it, so it will force the said Lieutenant to let go of his sword as shown above at the portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 112.
+
And to do this, this said Prevost must be on the left foot and when he sees that the Lieutenant or another attacker will throw a high right-hand or high thrust, having advanced the right foot, the said Prevost will pull his left foot back, and at the same time steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the said Lieutenant, and without a moment to waste, let the sword point fall on the said Lieutenant, and the said Prevost will forcefully take the sword point of the said Lieutenant with the left hand and pass and lower it, so it will force the said Lieutenant to let go of his sword as shown above at the portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 112.
  
 
''This is the end of the said fourth and last grab of the said sword alone, both by the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the said fourth and last grab of the said sword alone, both by the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
Line 2,401: Line 2,401:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 121-122.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 121-122.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The low guard and position to execute the second strike of the said subtlety, which is a low backhand, being on the right foot, will serve to gather information to report whether ignorant or knowledgeable, both for the attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
+
| ''The low guard and position to execute the second strike of the said subtlety, which is a low reversal, being on the right foot, will serve to gather information to report whether ignorant or knowledgeable, both for the attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
  
 
To skillfully and effectively execute the said second subtlety for the said Lieutenant, he must have made one of the said drawings and to throw the second strike the said Lieutenant must be on the right foot in low guard, the cutting edge of the sword down, the sword hilt upon the right lap, placing the sword point straight at the right thigh of the Prevost, keeping the left hand right of his braies as shown above at the portraiture marked number 121.
 
To skillfully and effectively execute the said second subtlety for the said Lieutenant, he must have made one of the said drawings and to throw the second strike the said Lieutenant must be on the right foot in low guard, the cutting edge of the sword down, the sword hilt upon the right lap, placing the sword point straight at the right thigh of the Prevost, keeping the left hand right of his braies as shown above at the portraiture marked number 121.
Line 2,427: Line 2,427:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 123-124.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 123-124.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The second strike which is a low backhand will serve to gather information to better execute the second subtlety for the Lieutenant against the Prevost.''
+
| ''The second strike which is a low reversal will serve to gather information to better execute the second subtlety for the Lieutenant against the Prevost.''
  
 
And to do this, the Lieutenant must be on the right foot in low guard as shown above at the other portraitures marked at the said Lieutenant in number 121. And being on this step and guard, he pretends to throw a thrust at the face of the Prevost and at the same instant advances the left foot and throws a back-hand at the right knee of the Prevost, keeping the sword hilt a bit high and keeping the left hand below the sword arm as shown above at the portraiture marked number 123 behind his bonnet.
 
And to do this, the Lieutenant must be on the right foot in low guard as shown above at the other portraitures marked at the said Lieutenant in number 121. And being on this step and guard, he pretends to throw a thrust at the face of the Prevost and at the same instant advances the left foot and throws a back-hand at the right knee of the Prevost, keeping the sword hilt a bit high and keeping the left hand below the sword arm as shown above at the portraiture marked number 123 behind his bonnet.
  
''The end of the strike which is a low backhand, which will serve to gather information for the said Lieutenant to report back ignorance and not knowledge, as he has done.''
+
''The end of the strike which is a low reversal, which will serve to gather information for the said Lieutenant to report back ignorance and not knowledge, as he has done.''
  
''The following is what the said Prevost does for the defense of the said low backhand throw by the said Lieutenant.''
+
''The following is what the said Prevost does to defend against the said low reversal throw by the said Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, the Prevost being also on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked number 122, and at this strike of the said Lieutenant having advanced the left foot to throw a low back-hand at the knee of the Prevost, which seeing the charge it, the said Prevost pull the right foot back and crosses his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, which is ignorant, as done daily by all of the ignorant demonstrators; but the skilled and the learned no longer does this, because he must gain time in everything, and especially in the art of fencing, as will be seen later and; and the said Prevost keeps his left hand right of his chest as shown at the said portraiture marked number 124.
+
And to do this, the Prevost being also on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked number 122, and at this strike of the said Lieutenant having advanced the left foot to throw a low back-hand at the knee of the Prevost, which seeing him charge it, the said Prevost pulls the right foot back and crosses his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, which is ignorant, as done daily by all of the ignorant demonstrators; but the skilled and the learned no longer does this, because he must gain time in everything, and especially in the art of fencing, as will be seen later; and the said Prevost keeps his left hand right of his chest as shown at the said portraiture marked number 124.
  
''The end of the false strike that this said Prevost has done because he left the clean and took the unsuitable strike.''
+
''The end of the false strike that this said Prevost has done because he has took the unsuitable and improper strike.''
  
 
| ''Le second coup, qui est un renvers de bas, qui servira d’espion pour mieux faire & executer la seconde subtilité, pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost.''
 
| ''Le second coup, qui est un renvers de bas, qui servira d’espion pour mieux faire & executer la seconde subtilité, pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost.''
Line 2,453: Line 2,453:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 125-126.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 125-126.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The second strike which is a backhand at the arms of the Prevost thrown and executed by this Lieutenant against the Prevost, showing that he could do so, and without beating down on the sword, as he has does at the coming portraitures.''
+
| ''The second strike which is a reversal at the arms of the Prevost thrown and executed by this Lieutenant against the Prevost, showing that he could do so, and without beating down on the sword, as he has does at the coming portraitures.''
  
 
And to do this, the said Lieutenant being on the right foot in low guard as stated and shown above marked number 121. And the said Lieutenant being on the right foot having pretended to throw a thrust at the face of the said Prevost, advances the left foot to pretend to throw a back-hand at the knee, the Prevost would want to beat down sword against sword as he normally does. The Lieutenant seeing this, winds back his sword and throws a back-hand at the elbow of the sword arm, keeping the left hand below the sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture marked 125 behind his bonnet.
 
And to do this, the said Lieutenant being on the right foot in low guard as stated and shown above marked number 121. And the said Lieutenant being on the right foot having pretended to throw a thrust at the face of the said Prevost, advances the left foot to pretend to throw a back-hand at the knee, the Prevost would want to beat down sword against sword as he normally does. The Lieutenant seeing this, winds back his sword and throws a back-hand at the elbow of the sword arm, keeping the left hand below the sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture marked 125 behind his bonnet.
  
''The end of the backhand executed and shown by the said Lieutenant to the Prevost.''
+
''The end of the reversal executed and shown by the said Lieutenant to the Prevost.''
  
 
''The following is what the said Prevost does.''
 
''The following is what the said Prevost does.''
  
The said Prevost being on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked 122, the said Prevost pulls his right foot back, throws a backhand at the arms of the said Lieutenant, and should not have crossed his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, as he had done returning to beat down the aforementioned strike which is how the said Lieutenant throws a backhand at his sword elbow, and keeping the said Prevost's left hand right of his left nipple, as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 126 behind his collar.
+
The said Prevost being on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked 122, the said Prevost pulls his right foot back, throws a reversal at the arms of the said Lieutenant, and should not have crossed his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, as he had done returning to beat down the aforementioned strike which is how the said Lieutenant throws a reversal at his sword elbow, and keeping the said Prevost's left hand right of his left nipple, as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 126 behind his collar.
  
''The following is another very effective and subtle strike, leaving the backhand at the said arms, and coming with a thrust to the chest, crossing the sword of the said Prevost with the strong on weak, as shown here by the author at the Prevost and consquently the Prevost will have learned from the said Lieutenant.''
+
''The following is another very effective and subtle strike, leaving the reversal at the said arms, and coming with a thrust to the chest, crossing the sword of the said Prevost with the strong on weak, as shown here by the author at the Prevost and consequently the Prevost will have learned from the said Lieutenant.''
  
 
| ''Second coup qui est un renvers sur le bras du Prevost tiré & executé par ce prochain Lieutenent contre le Prevost, monstrant que luy en pouvoit faire autant, & non rabattre de l’espée, comme il a fait cy dessus aux prochaines pourtaitures.''
 
| ''Second coup qui est un renvers sur le bras du Prevost tiré & executé par ce prochain Lieutenent contre le Prevost, monstrant que luy en pouvoit faire autant, & non rabattre de l’espée, comme il a fait cy dessus aux prochaines pourtaitures.''
Line 2,489: Line 2,489:
 
''The following is what the Prevost must do for the last strike of the sword alone.''
 
''The following is what the Prevost must do for the last strike of the sword alone.''
  
And this last said Prevost of the entire treatise, being on the right foot, having seen that the Lieutenant wants to throw a low back-hand at the knee, the said Prevost pulled back his right foot and thought to throw a back-hand at the sword arm of the said Lieutenant, as was shown by the above portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 125, yet here the Prevost has found himself frustrated by the said execution of the said backhand which he thought he was he doing well until the said Lieutenant beat him down, strong on weak, and presented a thrust at him, but this was done by the said Lieutenant to show the Prevost that he can make two of the aforementioned strikes - the backhand and thrust - and so the last said Prevost, is to keep his left hand right of his nipple to beat down the sword of the said Lieutenant since he was crossed strong on weak and cannot defend against a thrust other than with his left hand, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 128 near the plume of his bonnet.
+
And this last said Prevost of the entire treatise, being on the right foot, having seen that the Lieutenant wants to throw a low back-hand at the knee, the said Prevost pulled back his right foot and thought to throw a back-hand at the sword arm of the said Lieutenant, as was shown by the above portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 125, yet here the Prevost has found himself frustrated by the said execution of the said reversal which he thought he was he doing well until the said Lieutenant beat him down, strong on weak, and presented a thrust at him, but this was done by the said Lieutenant to show the Prevost that he can make two of the aforementioned strikes - the reversal and thrust - and so the last said Prevost, is to keep his left hand right of his nipple to beat down the sword of the said Lieutenant since he was crossed strong on weak and cannot defend against a thrust other than with his left hand, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 128 near the plume of his bonnet.
  
 
''This is the end and the defense of the said strike for the last Prevost against the said Lieutenant, and every other content of in the treatise of the sword alone as stated, mother of all fencing.''
 
''This is the end and the defense of the said strike for the last Prevost against the said Lieutenant, and every other content of in the treatise of the sword alone as stated, mother of all fencing.''
Line 2,520: Line 2,520:
  
 
# Right-hand
 
# Right-hand
# Backhand
+
# Reversal
 
# Thrust
 
# Thrust
  
Line 2,526: Line 2,526:
  
 
# Right-hand
 
# Right-hand
# Backhand
+
# Reversal
  
 
The reason why I remove the said thrust is since the racket has no point, and thus one would not be able to make a thrust.
 
The reason why I remove the said thrust is since the racket has no point, and thus one would not be able to make a thrust.
  
It is true that sometimes we strike and beat down with the racket when the ball comes straight to the face or higher, which is that we return the ball, and we beat it down with the racket when it comes from high or to the face keeping it straight, and leaning neither on the right nor left, and yet in the said game of tennis, there are only the aforementioned two strikes, right-hand and backhand. But it is necessary to multiply them properly to 4 targets, from high and low, for example right-hand from below, and right-hand from above, backhand from below, and backhand from above, and thus it is necessary to be very dextrous and graceful to know how to strike because we strike at each other as we do with the said fencing. And knowing how to strike skillfully, we must observe the words of our ancestors who are skilled tennis players, who said whoever leaps to forsake the volley, will never be an esteemed player; it is necessary to take heed here, which is that when you can volley, you should never wait for a leap. The reason is that with a leap, several accidents can occur, yet on the volley, never, if one is well trained, and is safe.
+
It is true that sometimes we strike and beat down with the racket when the ball comes straight to the face or higher, which is that we return the ball, and we beat it down with the racket when it comes from high or to the face keeping it straight, and leaning neither on the right nor left, and yet in the said game of tennis, there are only the aforementioned two strikes, right-hand and reversal. But it is necessary to multiply them properly to 4 targets, from high and low, for example right-hand from below, and right-hand from above, reversal from below, and reversal from above, and thus it is necessary to be very dexterous and graceful to know how to strike because we strike at each other as we do with the said fencing. And knowing how to strike skillfully, we must observe the words of our ancestors who are skilled tennis players, who said whoever leaps to forsake the volley, will never be an esteemed player; it is necessary to take heed here, which is that when you can volley, you should never wait for a leap. The reason is that with a leap, several accidents can occur, yet on the volley, never, if one is well trained, and is safe.
  
 
The accident that can happen to the said volley is to crack the wood of the racket, but this is not an accident, instead it is a fault committed by the one who made the wood and not from the inside of the racket to the ball. For this reason I want to warn those who are not yet sure of the leap, who practice the said volley, because it should never be done, but they are the ones who fail it, and if it is necessary, we still have recourse to the said leap, and yet who can, must always take said volley, and not said leap.
 
The accident that can happen to the said volley is to crack the wood of the racket, but this is not an accident, instead it is a fault committed by the one who made the wood and not from the inside of the racket to the ball. For this reason I want to warn those who are not yet sure of the leap, who practice the said volley, because it should never be done, but they are the ones who fail it, and if it is necessary, we still have recourse to the said leap, and yet who can, must always take said volley, and not said leap.
Line 2,546: Line 2,546:
 
''I do not put these said reasons for those who already understand them, but on the contrary for those who do not understand them.''
 
''I do not put these said reasons for those who already understand them, but on the contrary for those who do not understand them.''
  
I was kind enough to speak of tennis because a brave man who is one of the good players came to see me two or three times only, and having learned effectively two or three strikes, he increased his skill almost by fifteen; and the said brave man throws a fronthand and backhand very gracefully, and thus tennis and the said fencing, as stated have a great affinity.
+
I was kind enough to speak of tennis because a brave man who is one of the good players came to see me two or three times only, and having learned effectively two or three strikes, he increased his skill almost by fifteen; and the said brave man throws a forehand and reversal very gracefully, and thus tennis and the said fencing, as stated have a great affinity.
  
 
END.
 
END.

Revision as of 14:42, 10 May 2021

Henry de Sainct Didier
Born 1530s (?)
Pertuis, Provence
Died after 1584
Paris, France (?)
Occupation Fencing master
Patron Charles IX of France
Influences
Influenced Salvator Fabris (?)
Genres Fencing manual
Language Middle French
Notable work(s) Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule (1573)
Translations Traducción castellano
Signature Henry de Sainct Didier sig.png

Henry de Sainct Didier, Esq. was a 16th century French fencing master. He was born to a noble family in Pertuis in the Provence region of France, son of Luc de Sainct Didier. Sainct Didier made his career in the French army, ultimately serving 25 years and seeing action in Piedmont, Italy from 1554 - 1555. He wrote of himself that he "lived his whole life learning to fight with the single sword" and eventually "reached a point of perfection" in his art. Apparently he became a fencing master of some renown, for in ca. 1573 he secured a royal privilege for a period of ten years for treatises on a number of weapons, including the dagger, single side sword, double side swords, sword and buckler, sword and cloak, sword and dagger, sword and shield (both rotella and targe), and greatsword. Unfortunately, only his treatise on the single side sword, titled Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule ("Secrets of the Premier Book on the Single Sword") and printed on 4 June 1573, is known to survive; it seems likely that the others were never published at all.

Treatise

Additional Resources

  • Hyatt, Robert Preston and Wilson, Devon. "The Single Sword of Henry de Sainct Didier." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
  • Sainct Didier, Henry de. The Single Sword of Henry de Sainct-Didier (Traicté Contenant Les Secrets Du Premier Livre Sur L'Espée Seule). Trans. Robert Preston Hyatt and Devon Wilson. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2009. ISBN 978-1581607048
  • Slee, Chris. Secrets of the Sword Alone. LongEdge Press, 2014. ISBN 978-0646926353

References

  1. Pristin : ancien, antérieur
  2. Insertion du « a ».
  3. Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.
  4. « L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.
  5. L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.
  6. précéder. « Préaller » subsiste en français sous la forme « préalable ».
  7. Il s’agit très probablement du maître d’arme italien Fabris Salvator de Padoue (1544-1617). Voir la note sur Fabris Salvator de Vigeant p. 162 et aussi les références à ses publications (Vigeant p. 55-56)
  8. Version alimentaire de l’adage « blanc bonnet et bonnet blanc ».
  9. Transcription la plus sûre du texte : « gran d erre »
  10. Serviteur du grand prêtre venu arrêter Jésus au Mont des Olivier et dont l’oreille coupée a été immédiatement guérie. Selon la lecture du passage, il est parfois pris pour celui qui soufflète Jésus.
  11. Un des anciens nom de l’abeille.
  12. Sens incertain ; peut-être s'agit-il d'une mauvaise graphie de « filial ».
  13. drillant : étincellant, brillant (dictionnaire de Nicot).
  14. Correction du texte d’origine donnant « peid ».
  15. Cette correction sur les images d'Henri de Saint-Didier indique que celles-ci ont été réalisées avant la version finale du texte.
  16. Le « o » de troisiesme est curieusement placé en exposant.
  17. Suppression du doublement de l'esperluette.
  18. Dupuis states the original says left but is incompatible with the rest of the text and the engraving.
  19. Proposition de correction de l’édition originale qui donne « gauche », en incohérence avec la gravure et le texte plus bas qui confirme que la posture du Lieutenent est identique à celle de la section précédente où c’était bien le pied droit qui était reculé.
  20. Deuxième remarque de l'auteur sur les gravures montrant que le texte a été retouché après réception des gravures. À comparer avec une remarque similaire faite dans le i.33.
  21. Correction du texte d’origine donnant « Leiutenent ».
  22. In modern fencing, dérobement is a fencing term for disengage.
  23. Correction de l'édition originale qui omet lors d'un changement de page le début du mot « haute »
  24. The position of the hand illustrates the fingers down, in opposition to the text.
  25. La position de la main illustrée a les doigts au-dessus, en opposition avec le texte.
  26. Proposition de correction pour « bessoin »
  27. Proposition de correction pour « avan-main »
  28. Proposition de correction pour « couté »
  29. Proposition de correction pour « Vola ».
  30. Proposition de correction pour « ongle »
  31. Sens inconnu.
  32. The technique.
  33. La tuition est un synonyme de « garde », « défense », très souvent employé à cette époque pour appuyer le mot « défense ».
  34. Proposition de correction pour « Provost »
  35. Proposition de correction de « du–sixiesme »
  36. Proposition de correction pour « persent ».
  37. The triangle represented here is not correct. The one marked 65 seems to better reflect the proposed movement.
  38. Proposition de correction pour « le ongles ».
  39. Le triangle représenté ici n'est pas correct, celui cotté 65 paraît rendre mieux compte du déplacement proposé.
  40. Dupuis thinks 75 represents this correct and that 73 is incorrect.
  41. Proposition de correction pour « Lieutent ». La marque indiquant une contraction a probablement été omise.
  42. On pourrait compléter : « ...et le mettre en 4 ». L'illustration 73 est incorrecte puisque le pied gauche est resté sur la semelle 1 et n'est pas placé sur la semelle 3 (à gauche) comme demandé ; la position des pieds de l'illustration 75 correspond à ce qui aurait dû être représenté.
  43. The Prevost shown at the portraiture does not correspond to the text since he is on the right foot
  44. Proposition de correction pour « dh’aut »
  45. Sic.
  46. Le prévôt représenté ici ne correspond pas au texte puisqu'il se tient sur le pied droit.
  47. The Prevost of 80 isn't on the left foot as written but is coherent with 78.
  48. Le prévôt de la figure 80 n’est pas sur le pied gauche comme écrit et mais reste cohérent avec la figure 78.
  49. It is meant to read as Prevost here.
  50. Il faut évidemment lire ici « Prevost ».
  51. Proposition de correction pour « suprint »
  52. Sic.
  53. Suppression du doublement de l'esperluette dans « sa cuisse gauche, & & tous ».
  54. Sic. Au XVIe siècle, le genre des mots était encore indécis.
  55. The author is announcing here another edition to augment his book which has never has been written.
  56. L’auteur annonce ici une prochaine édition augmentée de son oeuvre qui n’a a priori jamais eu lieu.
  57. Proposition de correction pour « ou ».
  58. Proposition de correction pour « mostré »
  59. Du latin médiéval « inquinatum » signifiant « pour combien »
  60. lit. bark or shell, outer layer. Idiom similar to "Don't judge a book by its cover.
  61. A vidimus is a certified copy of an earlier act
  62. of King Charles IX
  63. It must be either Pierre or Jean Brûlart who both served on Parliament
  64. If the seal is appended to the document with a strip of parchment, it is called a "queue". If there is a double strip, it is then called a "double queue".
  65. Dilection : attachement, amour pur.
  66. Un vidimus est la copie certifiée d'un acte antérieur.
  67. Il doit s'agit de Pierre ou Jean Brûlart (tout deux avait une charge au Parlement) qui signe pour le roi.