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|-
 
|-
 
| '''Soft in hard.'''
 
| '''Soft in hard.'''
Also hew into his sword soft in hard with straight<ref>direct, perpendicular or right(handed)</ref> steps with long arms and the hilt straight<ref>direct, perpendicular or right(handed)</ref> from you
+
Also hew into his sword soft in hard with straight<ref>direct, perpendicular or right(handed)</ref> steps<ref>alt: stepping</ref> with long arms and the hilt straight<ref>direct, perpendicular or right(handed)</ref> from you
 
| '''waich in hert'''
 
| '''waich in hert'''
 
òch how in sin schwert waich in hert mit rechten tritten mit langen armen und dz gehilcz recht von dir
 
òch how in sin schwert waich in hert mit rechten tritten mit langen armen und dz gehilcz recht von dir
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''Item'''
 
| '''Item'''
If you stand in the lifting-above, that is when you keep your sword upon your right shoulder and immediately lift it above your head with long arms and strike and[sic] his right shoulder before him and withdraw in the under-guard and also withdraw with the back foot before he then accomplishes his traverse around his head, thus you have hit, etc.
+
If you stand in the lifting-above, that is when you keep your sword upon your right shoulder and simlutaneously lift it above your head with long arms and strike and his right shoulder before him and withdraw in the under-guard and also withdraw with the back foot before he then accomplishes his traverse around his head, thus you have hit, etc.
 
| '''Item'''
 
| '''Item'''
 
stast du in dem uber heben dz ist also hab din schwert uf diner achslen und heb es glich über din hopt mit langen armen '''[126v]''' und schlach und vor im siner rechten achslen und züch ab in die undren huot und züch och ab mit den hinder fuoß .e. dz er den sinen strach umb sinen köpf tög so hàst du getraffen ¶
 
stast du in dem uber heben dz ist also hab din schwert uf diner achslen und heb es glich über din hopt mit langen armen '''[126v]''' und schlach und vor im siner rechten achslen und züch ab in die undren huot und züch och ab mit den hinder fuoß .e. dz er den sinen strach umb sinen köpf tög so hàst du getraffen ¶
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''The racing-after into the head.'''
 
| '''The racing-after into the head.'''
You may also race-after in the same way the lifting-above up to the left side and step laterally with the forward [foot] into the crown and hold the head and the body behind it, so that he cannot strike you in the head and step quickly forward and hew the racing-after with long arms as with the lifting-above and hew a strong hew over the head from you and before his head and be aware with the hilt that you have it correct<ref>possibly ‘to the right’, straight, perpendicular</ref> and withdraw in the under-guard, thus you leave him three wounds in one traverse: one head, one arm, and upon the hands.
+
You may also race-after in the same way the lifting-above up to the left side and step laterally with the forward [foot] into the crown and hold the head and the body behind it, so that he cannot strike you in the head and quickly step forwards and hew the racing-after with long arms as with the lifting-above and hew a strong hew over the head from you and before his head and be aware with the hilt that you have it correct<ref>possibly ‘to the right’, straight, perpendicular</ref> and withdraw in the under-guard, thus you leave him three wounds in one traverse: one head, one arm, and upon the hands.
 
| '''dz nachrais in hopt'''
 
| '''dz nachrais in hopt'''
 
Och macht du also uber heben uf zur lengen siten nach rais und tritt mit dem fordren bi zitt in die krön und hept dz hopt und den lib hinder sich dz er dich nit in kopf schlach und tritt fast für und how nach rais mit den langen armen als zuo den über heben und how über dz hopts ain starken how von dir und for im dz kopfs und wart mit dem gehilcz dz du es recht habist und zuoch in die undren huot so gist im iii ruoren ains straichs ain kopf ain arm und an den henden
 
Och macht du also uber heben uf zur lengen siten nach rais und tritt mit dem fordren bi zitt in die krön und hept dz hopt und den lib hinder sich dz er dich nit in kopf schlach und tritt fast für und how nach rais mit den langen armen als zuo den über heben und how über dz hopts ain starken how von dir und for im dz kopfs und wart mit dem gehilcz dz du es recht habist und zuoch in die undren huot so gist im iii ruoren ains straichs ain kopf ain arm und an den henden
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|-
 
|-
 
| '''For a running-in.'''
 
| '''For a running-in.'''
Item. If you wish to defend a running-in, withdraw.
+
Item. If you wish to defend a running-in, then withdraw.
 
| '''fur in loffen'''
 
| '''fur in loffen'''
 
Item wiltu im in loffen weren so zuch ab
 
Item wiltu im in loffen weren so zuch ab
Line 182: Line 182:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''A going-through.'''
 
| '''A going-through.'''
Item. A going through this is in the same way: hew the under-hew and step laterally with the forward foot into the changeable<ref>Turnable, mutable, inconstant; fickle; Slavic</ref> crown and hew-upon behind his sword or messer and target his elbows and turn the hilt well up before your head and withdraw in the over-guard in the crown and step-into with a thrust and set-on him suitably or with a striking-around and shelter yourself behind the hilt
+
Item. A going through this is in the same way: hew the under-hew and step laterally with the forward foot into the changeable<ref>Turnable, mutable, inconstant; fickle; Slavic</ref> crown and hew-upon behind his sword or messer and target his elbows and turn the hilt well up in front of your head and withdraw in the over-guard in the crown and step-into with a thrust and set-on him suitably or with a striking-around and shelter yourself behind the hilt
 
| '''Ain durch gän'''
 
| '''Ain durch gän'''
 
Item ain durch gan dz ist also how den under how und tritt mit dem fordren fuoß bi zit in die windeschen kron und how uf hinder sin schwert oder messer und rom im der ellenbogen und wend dz gehilcz wol uf für din hopt und züch ab in die ober huot in die kron und tritt zuo mit i stich und secz im eben an oder mit aim umb schlag und birg dich wol hinder dz gehilcz
 
Item ain durch gan dz ist also how den under how und tritt mit dem fordren fuoß bi zit in die windeschen kron und how uf hinder sin schwert oder messer und rom im der ellenbogen und wend dz gehilcz wol uf für din hopt und züch ab in die ober huot in die kron und tritt zuo mit i stich und secz im eben an oder mit aim umb schlag und birg dich wol hinder dz gehilcz

Revision as of 21:47, 29 November 2015

Hugo Wittenwiler
Born 15th century
Died 15th century (?)
Ethnicity German
Genres
Language Allemanic
Manuscript(s) Cgm 558 (ca. 1493)
First printed
english edition
Hull, 2008
Translations
Signature Wittenwiller Sig.png

Hugo Wittenwiler (Hugonis dicti Wittenwiller, Hugues Wittenwiler) was a 15th century German scribe and presumed author of a fencing manual. The Wittenwiler family originated as low nobility from Wittenwil in the modern canton of Thurgau, Switzerland, but were destitute by 1339. Hugo Wittenwiler was likely a member of the Toggenburg branch of the family, living in Toggenburg, Lichtenstein, or Wil. Other than this, little can be determined about his life.

In the latter part of the 15th century, Wittenwiler wrote a multiweapon fencing treatise that shows little or no connection to the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. Though he is often credited as the author of this treatise, he was likely merely its scribe.[1] This treatise now forms part of the larger manuscript Cgm 558.

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. See folio 141r.
  2. wenden will be translated as: turning the hand/body or winding the sword
  3. daraufspringen
  4. twisted, obliquely, crooked, curved
  5. In the text: `ze glich` zergleich, zugleich
  6. constrained
  7. direct, perpendicular or right(handed)
  8. alt: stepping
  9. direct, perpendicular or right(handed)
  10. possibly ‘to the right’, straight, perpendicular
  11. simple
  12. ansetzen: impale
  13. this is possibly a scribal error or synonym for Nachreisen
  14. angle
  15. Turnable, mutable, inconstant; fickle; Slavic
  16. alt: continually
  17. auftrechen. `trechen` is a strong class IVa verb. `Ich triche`, `Du trichest`. It means here `to pull into the air`, `to put into motion`
  18. I believe that this underlined passage is a scribal error. Read it with out the parentheticals and it makes much more sense
  19. turn
  20. also: cut open, to chop down a tree,
  21. also: oblique, curved, twisted
  22. behänden: sw. V.: nhd. berühren, betasten, einrichten, fügen, einhändigen, auferlegen
  23. grimm: unterschlagen 2
  24. surround
  25. aufschlachen? -strike upon
  26. left?
  27. in a superior position to, on the back of your neck.
  28. turn
  29. cut-off
  30. straight, perpendicular or right(handed)
  31. alt: in front of
  32. weapons
  33. possibly seek or desire
  34. possibly: legs
  35. possibly: "to the other side"
  36. The two dots around the 'y' can demarcate the 'slot' where additive/subtractive enumeration occurs. The 'y' can be parsed as a '5' if it is an arabic numeral. This sort of mixing did occur and this would give us a value of 1503. That seems the most reasonable. There are other ways to parse it that make no sense, that give it something like 1153 or 1203. Baselards weren't a thing back then, the script wasn't in use back then either. It's technically possible that one or more of the dots are v's and that would give us something like 1408. I found some research on hunting of the period that cites this manuscript and says the hunting and falconry sections are in line with terms from the late 14 to the mid late 15th. All that being said, a late 15thC dating is quite reasonable.
  37. The 9th of September is the day after.