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Jörg Wilhalm

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Jörg Wilhalm Hutter
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation
Citizenship Augsburg, Germany
Movement Augsburg tradition
Influences
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu
Augspurg
Archetype(s)
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Signature Jörg Wilhalm sig.jpg

Jörg Wilhalm Hutter was a 16th century German fencing master. In addition to his fencing practice, his surname signifies that he was a hatter by trade, a fact that is confirmed in the tax records of Augsburg, Germany in 1501, 1504, and 1516.[citation needed]

Treatise

There are four works commonly attributed to Hutter: a work on unarmored longsword fencing in the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer, works on armored and mounted dueling that appear to be based on those of the early 15th century (relying on obsolete armor designs), and a fourth series of uncaptioned illustrations portraying scenes of judicial dueling. However, it is unclear if Hutter authored all of these works or, like Lienhart Sollinger and Paulus Hector Mair afterward, he merely compiled existing works together and placed his name on them as an indication of ownership. The development of the armored dueling treatise can be traced through a draftbook and rough early complete draft, but the same is not true of the unarmored longsword, which appears to be based on the MS Cl. 23842 from the 1490s and is accompanied by a version of the pseudo-Peter von Danzig gloss that Gregor Erhart attributes to one Nicolaüs in 1489.[1]

There are three extant manuscripts of Hutter's treatises written between 1522 and 1523. The oldest of Hutter's manuscripts, Cod. I.6.4º.5,[2] consists of numbered but uncaptioned illustrations of armored fencing and mounted fencing; for this reason, Hils assumed it was the draftbook used to develop the others.[citation needed] This draftbook, along with the completed Cod. I.6.2º.3, were created in 1522. In 1523, Hutter seems to have created an accompanying longsword treatise, preserved in the Cod. I.6.2º.2.

Some time soon after this, all of Hutter's works, including the brief series of uncaptioned illustrations, were compiled into the Cgm 3711. This manuscript has some oddities not found in the others, including carnival costumes on some of the fighters and a pretzel salesman appearing in the illustration on folio 11r. It's currently unclear whether Hutter was involved in the creation of this manuscript or not, but it appears to be a presentation copy of the collected works and includes content unique to each of the three earlier manuscripts.

Hutter's longsword treatise was copied by scultor Gregor Erhart into the MS E.1939.65.354 in 1533, which was later acquired by Lienhart Sollinger and used as a source for his Cgm 3712. The Cod. I.6.2º.2 was acquired by Paulus Hector Mair in 1544, the Codex I.6.4º.5 in 1552, the MS E.1939.65.354 in 1560, and the Codex I.6.2º.3 in 1561. The second was used as the primary source for his writings on armored and mounted fencing; due to its lack of text, he inserted his own descriptions of the devices—descriptions which diverge noticeably from Hutter's own explanations in the Cod. I.6.2º.3.

A final set of manuscripts containing Hutter's work were prepared by Jeremias Schemels von Augsburg in 1589. These contain Hutter's original text, unlike Mair's presentation, but the artwork is not entirely consistent with any known version of Hutter's work, suggesting that more remain to be discovered.

Additional Resources

References

  1. MS E.1939.65.354, folio 189r.
  2. Generally we refer to manuscripts by their locations for ease of communication, but with three of the ten manuscripts in Augsburg, three in Wolfenbüttel, and two in Munich, that's not really feasible here.
  3. windest
  4. korrigiert aus »halben«
  5. from ehert
  6. loss
  7. Treibn?
  8. Meaning as though armored
  9. At the end of the first line “zwiuach” is written with an “h” which is a scribal error.
  10. Note: different hand
  11. Same hand as previous.
  12. Change in scribe's hand?
  13. schnidt
  14. Change in hand