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(With permission from Stevie Thurston. First play changed left foot to right foot.)
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{{infobox manuscript
 
{{infobox manuscript
 
<!----------Name---------->
 
<!----------Name---------->
  | name             = [[name::Ledall Roll]]
+
  | name               = [[name::Ledall Roll]]
  | location         = [[inventory::Additional MS 39564]], [[museum::British Library]]<br/>London, United Kingdom
+
  | location           = [[inventory::Additional MS 39564]], [[museum::British Library]]<br/>London, United Kingdom
 
<!----------Image---------->
 
<!----------Image---------->
  | image           = File:Add. MS 39564 verso.jpg
+
  | image             = File:Add. MS 39564 verso.jpg
  | width           =  
+
  | width             =  
  | caption         = Top of the verso side of the roll
+
  | caption           = Top of the verso side of the roll
 
<!----------General---------->
 
<!----------General---------->
  | Index number     = [[WI::—]]
+
  | Index number       = [[WI::—]]
  | Wierschin's catalog=[[WC::—]]
+
  | Wierschin's catalog= [[WC::—]]
  | Hils' catalog   = [[HK::—]]
+
  | Hils' catalog     = [[HK::—]]
  | Beck catalog     = [[BC::—]]
+
  | Beck catalog       = [[BC::—]]
  | Also known as   =  
+
  | Also known as     =  
  | Type             = [[type::Fencing manual]]
+
  | Type               = [[type::Fencing manual]]
  | Date             = [[year::1535-1550|between 1535 - 1550]]
+
  | Date               = between [[year::1535-1550|1535 - 1550]]
  | Place of origin =  
+
  | Place of origin   = England
  | Language(s)     = [[language::Early Modern English]]
+
  | Language(s)       = [[language::Early Modern English]]
  | Scribe(s)       = [[scribe::J. Ledall]]
+
  | Scribe(s)         = [[scribe::J. Ledall]]
  | Author(s)       =  
+
  | Author(s)         =  
  | Compiled by     =  
+
  | Compiled by       =  
  | Illuminated by   =  
+
  | Illuminated by     =  
  | Patron           =  
+
  | Patron             =  
  | Dedicated to     =  
+
  | Dedicated to       =  
 
<!----------Form and content---------->
 
<!----------Form and content---------->
  | Material         = Vellum
+
  | Material           = Vellum
  | Size             =  
+
  | Size               = 6 in × 24 ½ in
  | Format           = Roll
+
  | Format             = Roll
  | Condition       =  
+
  | Condition         =  
  | Script           = [[script::Bastarda]] (?)
+
  | Script             =  
  | Contents         =  
+
  | Contents           =  
  | Illumination(s) =  
+
  | Illumination(s)   =  
  | Additions       =  
+
  | Additions         =  
  | Exemplar(s)     =  
+
  | Exemplar(s)       =  
  | Previously kept =  
+
  | Previously kept   =  
  | Discovered       =  
+
  | Discovered         =  
  | Website         = [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?doc=IAMS032-002059183&vid=IAMS_VU2 Library catalog entry]
+
  | Website           = [http://searcharchives.bl.uk/IAMS_VU2:IAMS032-002059183 Library catalog entry]
  | below           =  
+
  | below             =  
 
}}
 
}}
The '''Additional MS 39564''' is an [[nationality::English]] [[fencing manual]] apparently written by one J. Ledall between 1535 and 1550.{{cn}} The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[British Library]] in London, England. Along with the [[Man yt Wol (MS Harley 3542)|Man yt Wol]] and the [[MS Cotton Titus A xxv|Cotton Titus]] manuscript, this is one of only three extant treatises describing Medieval English martial arts.
+
The '''Additional MS 39564''' is an [[nationality::English]] [[fencing manual]] apparently written by one J. Ledall between 1535 and 1550.{{cn}} The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[British Library]] in London, United Kingdom.<ref>"[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/IAMS_VU2:IAMS032-002059183 Explore Archives and Manuscripts]". [[British Library]]. Retrieved 08 August 2016.</ref> Along with the [[Man yt Wol (MS Harley 3542)|Man yt Wol]] and the [[MS Cotton Titus A xxv|Cotton Titus]] manuscript, this is one of only three extant treatises describing Medieval English martial arts.
  
The only fencer with the name J. Ledall active in Britain in this time period was John Ledall/Ledale (ca.1515-1582), a [[nationality::British| ]] British merchant born in York, England, between 1513 and 1518 and awarded Freedom of the City of York in 1529 or 1530. The only son of a glover, Ledall was himself a merchant and seems to have been quite wealthy; he was also a prominent member of the Guild of Corpus Christi, which he joined with his wife Elizabeth Vavasour in 1533. In 1547, Ledall was awarded the title Chamberlain of York, which indicates that he must have been a bridge-master at some point before that time. He died in 1582 and was buried at St. John's Chapel Micklegate.
+
The only fencer with the name J. Ledall currently known to be active in Britain in this time period was John Ledall/Ledale (ca.1515-1582), a British merchant born in York, England, between 1513 and 1518 and awarded Freedom of the City of York in 1529 or 1530. The only son of a glover, Ledall was himself a merchant and seems to have been quite wealthy; he was also a prominent member of the Guild of Corpus Christi, which he joined with his wife Elizabeth Vavasour in 1533. In 1547, Ledall was awarded the title Chamberlain of York, which indicates that he must have been a bridge-master at some point before that time. He died in 1582 and was buried at St. John's Chapel Micklegate.
  
 
However, this attribution is questionable as the name seems to refer merely to a scribe, not the original author. It appears in the phrase ''Amen Quod I Ledall'' ("confirmed by I./J. Ledall") tucked between two lines in the upper part of the back side of the roll, not at the end where a signature might be expected. Additionally, the sequence of plays suggests that it was copied by rote from an older document by a scribe who didn't understand the material well enough to recognize that the pages were out of order, which would argue against its being copied by any sort of fencer.
 
However, this attribution is questionable as the name seems to refer merely to a scribe, not the original author. It appears in the phrase ''Amen Quod I Ledall'' ("confirmed by I./J. Ledall") tucked between two lines in the upper part of the back side of the roll, not at the end where a signature might be expected. Additionally, the sequence of plays suggests that it was copied by rote from an older document by a scribe who didn't understand the material well enough to recognize that the pages were out of order, which would argue against its being copied by any sort of fencer.
Line 55: Line 55:
 
== Contents ==
 
== Contents ==
  
{| class="wikitable treatise"
+
{| class="treatise"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="page" | Folio
+
! id="page" | 1rv
! Section
+
| {{treatise begin
 
+
  | title = Anonymous treatise on the two-handed sword
|-
+
  | width = 60em
! 1rv
 
|  
 
{{hidden begin
 
  | title     = Plays of the [[longsword|sword]], possibly by John Ledall
 
  | titlestyle= background:#f2f2f2; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; font-weight:normal; padding:0em 0.3em; vertical-align:middle; width:28em;
 
| bodystyle = display:block; min-width:56em;
 
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="wikitable floated master"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>{{rating|B|Modernization}}<br/>by [[Stevie Thurston]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B|Completed Modernization}}<br/>by [[Stevie Thurston]]</p>
 
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Stevie Thuston]]</p>
 
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Stevie Thuston]]</p>
  
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| <p>'''The First Flourish'''</p>
 
| <p>'''The First Flourish'''</p>
  
A Quarter fair before you, delivered with one hand. Voiding back the left foot with another Quarter with both hands. A Downright stroke voiding back the left foot, standing still play 3 Rakes lightly cutting to the elbows, with a Quarter fair before you with both hands. And 2 Quarters after with 2 turns, a Downright-stroke voiding back the left foot. Standing still play the said 3 Rakes with a Quarter fair before you and 2 Quarters after with 2 turns. A Downright-stroke setting forth the right foot as forward as your left with a broken thrust upon the left side, another on the right side turning the sword under the right arm. Bring it with the same side with a broken thrust upon the left side, another upon the right side, turning your sword set the point soft before you upon the ground.
+
A Quarter fair before you, delivered with one hand. Voiding back the right foot with another Quarter with both hands. A Downright stroke voiding back the left foot, standing still play 3 Rakes lightly cutting to the elbows, with a Quarter fair before you with both hands. And 2 Quarters after with 2 turns, a Downright-stroke voiding back the left foot. Standing still play the said 3 Rakes with a Quarter fair before you and 2 Quarters after with 2 turns. A Downright-stroke setting forth the right foot as forward as your left with a broken thrust upon the left side, another on the right side turning the sword under the right arm. Bring it with the same side with a broken thrust upon the left side, another upon the right side, turning your sword set the point soft before you upon the ground.
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1r.jpg|1|lbl=1r}}
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1r.jpg|1|lbl=1r}}
  
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| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|17|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|17|lbl=-}}
  
|}
 
 
{| class="wikitable floated master"
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>{{rating|B|Modernization}}<br/>by [[Terry Brown]]</p>
+
| <p>'''The 19th called The Cross Rakes with a Quarter'''</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Stevie Thuston]]</p>
 
  
|-
 
| <p>'''The 19th Called the Cross Rakes with a Quarter'''</p>
 
 
A proffer followed with as many rakes as you will, then suddenly smite a full spring to his elbow, with another quarter voiding and be at your stop.
 
A proffer followed with as many rakes as you will, then suddenly smite a full spring to his elbow, with another quarter voiding and be at your stop.
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|18|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|18|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''The 20th Called the Broken Quarter with a Thrust'''</p>
+
| <p>'''The 20th called The Broken Quarter with a Thrust'''</p>
 +
 
 
A proffer, a rake lifting up your arms as if you were to smite a quarter, then suddenly thrust at his chest with your left hand, followed with the left foot. Then set in your right leg with a full quarter and another voiding, and be at your stop.
 
A proffer, a rake lifting up your arms as if you were to smite a quarter, then suddenly thrust at his chest with your left hand, followed with the left foot. Then set in your right leg with a full quarter and another voiding, and be at your stop.
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|19|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|19|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''The 21st Called the Broken Foin with a Spring'''</p>
+
| <p>'''The 21st called The Broken Thrust with a Spring'''</p>
 +
 
 
A proffer, a rake with a full quarter, then set in your left leg and with the left hand bring the sword over the top of your head. Void back and start to play a rabett, breaking the rabett to strike a full spring at his leg with a full quarter, and another quarter and a quarter void, and be at your stop.
 
A proffer, a rake with a full quarter, then set in your left leg and with the left hand bring the sword over the top of your head. Void back and start to play a rabett, breaking the rabett to strike a full spring at his leg with a full quarter, and another quarter and a quarter void, and be at your stop.
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|20|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|20|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| The end.
+
| class="noline" | <p>The end.</p>
| {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|21|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|page:Add. MS 39564 1v.jpg|21|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
{{hidden end}}
+
{{treatise end}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
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{{reflist}}
 
{{reflist}}
 +
 +
== Copyright and License Summary ==
 +
 +
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]].
 +
 +
<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
 +
{{sourcebox
 +
| work        = Images
 +
| authors    =
 +
| source link =
 +
| source title=
 +
| license    = public domain
 +
}}
 +
{{sourcebox
 +
| work        = Modernization
 +
| authors    = [[Stevie Thurston]]
 +
| source link =
 +
| source title= Private communication
 +
| license    = noncommercial
 +
}}
 +
{{sourcebox
 +
| work        = Transcription
 +
| authors    = [[Stevie Thurston]]
 +
| source link =
 +
| source title= [[Index:Ledall Roll (Additional MS 39564)]]
 +
| license    = noncommercial
 +
}}
 +
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/>
  
 
[[Category:Treatises]]
 
[[Category:Treatises]]
 
[[Category:Manuscripts]]
 
[[Category:Manuscripts]]
 +
[[Category:Content]]
  
 
[[Category:Scanning]]
 
[[Category:Scanning]]
 
[[Category:Research/Background Information]]
 
[[Category:Research/Background Information]]
 +
 +
[[Category:Longsword]]
 +
[[Category:Greatsword]]
 +
 +
[[Category:New format]]

Revision as of 17:23, 21 October 2021

Ledall Roll
Additional MS 39564, British Library
London, United Kingdom
Add. MS 39564 verso.jpg
Top of the verso side of the roll
HagedornLeng
WierschinHils
Type Fencing manual
Date between 1535 - 1550
Place of origin England
Language(s) Early Modern English
Scribe(s) J. Ledall
Material Vellum
Size 6 in × 24 ½ in
Format Roll
External data Library catalog entry

The Additional MS 39564 is an English fencing manual apparently written by one J. Ledall between 1535 and 1550.[citation needed] The original currently rests in the holdings of the British Library in London, United Kingdom.[1] Along with the Man yt Wol and the Cotton Titus manuscript, this is one of only three extant treatises describing Medieval English martial arts.

The only fencer with the name J. Ledall currently known to be active in Britain in this time period was John Ledall/Ledale (ca.1515-1582), a British merchant born in York, England, between 1513 and 1518 and awarded Freedom of the City of York in 1529 or 1530. The only son of a glover, Ledall was himself a merchant and seems to have been quite wealthy; he was also a prominent member of the Guild of Corpus Christi, which he joined with his wife Elizabeth Vavasour in 1533. In 1547, Ledall was awarded the title Chamberlain of York, which indicates that he must have been a bridge-master at some point before that time. He died in 1582 and was buried at St. John's Chapel Micklegate.

However, this attribution is questionable as the name seems to refer merely to a scribe, not the original author. It appears in the phrase Amen Quod I Ledall ("confirmed by I./J. Ledall") tucked between two lines in the upper part of the back side of the roll, not at the end where a signature might be expected. Additionally, the sequence of plays suggests that it was copied by rote from an older document by a scribe who didn't understand the material well enough to recognize that the pages were out of order, which would argue against its being copied by any sort of fencer.

Provenance

The known provenance of the Additional MS 39564 is:

  • scribed by J. Ledall between 1535 and 1550.
  • before 1917 - acquired by Rev. Alfred Fuller.
  • 1917 - donated to the British Museum.
  • 1973 - moved to the newly organized British Library.

Contents

1rv

Gallery

Additional Resources

  • Bradak, Benjamin "Casper", and Heslop, Brandon. Lessons on the English Longsword. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2010. ISBN 978-1-58160-734-5
  • Bradak, Benjamin "Casper", and Heslop, Brandon. "A Brief Introduction to the Boon of the English Flourysh." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3

References

  1. "Explore Archives and Manuscripts". British Library. Retrieved 08 August 2016.
  2. Text continues "called: The Broken Spring with the thrust", but this title seems to be misplaced.
  3. Text reads "The Turning Quarter", but this title seems to be misplaced.
  4. This paragraph may be the misplaced text of the "Turning Quarter"

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work Author(s) Source License
Images
Public Domain.png
Modernization Stevie Thurston Private communication
CCBYNCSA30.png
Transcription Stevie Thurston Index:Ledall Roll (Additional MS 39564)
CCBYNCSA30.png