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   | [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Cod. 10825/10826]] (1540s)
 
   | [[Geschlechterbuch der Stadt Augsburg (Cod.icon. 312b)|Cod.icon. 312b]] (1548)
 
   | [[Geschlechterbuch der Stadt Augsburg (Cod.icon. 312b)|Cod.icon. 312b]] (1548)
   | [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82]]<br/>(1553)
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   | [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82]] (1553)
 
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   | [[Martin Huntsfeld]]
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   | [[Paulus Kal]]
 
   | [[Paulus Kal]]
 
   | [[Johannes Lecküchner]]
 
   | [[Johannes Lecküchner]]
   | [[Jud Lew]]
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   | [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 
   | [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
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  | translations        = {{french translation|http://www.scribd.com/doc/210216808/Le-combat-a-la-faucille-Sichel-de-Paul-Hector-Mair|1}}
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  | translations        = {{plainlist
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  | {{french translation|http://www.scribd.com/doc/210216808/Le-combat-a-la-faucille-Sichel-de-Paul-Hector-Mair|1}}
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  | {{greek translation|https://eurofencingresearches.wordpress.com/2022/01/01/%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b4%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%ba%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85-dussack-%ce%b1%cf%80%cf%8c-%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bd-%ce%b3%ce%b5%cf%81%ce%bc%ce%b1%ce%bd%cf%8c-%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%bf/|1}}
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'''Paulus Hector Mair''' (Paulsen Hektor Mair, Paulus Hector Meyer; 1517 – 1579) was a [[century::16th century]] German aristocrat, civil servant, and fencer. He was born in 1517 to a wealthy and influential Augsburg patrician family. In his youth, he likely received training in fencing and grappling from the masters of Augsburg fencing guild, and early on developed a deep fascination with fencing treatises. He began his civil service as a secretary to the Augsburg City Council; by 1541, Mair was the City Treasurer, and in 1545 he also took on the office of Master of Rations.
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'''Paulus Hector Mair''' (Paulsen Hektor Mayr, Paulus Hector Meyer; 1517 – 1579) was a [[century::16th century]] German aristocrat, civil servant, and fencer. He was born in 1517 to a wealthy and influential Augsburg patrician family. In his youth, he likely received training in fencing and grappling from the masters of Augsburg fencing guild, and early on developed a deep fascination with fencing treatises. He began his civil service as a secretary to the Augsburg City Council; by 1541, Mair was the city treasurer, and in 1545 he also took on the office of Master of Rations.
  
Mair's martial background is unknown, but as a citizen of a free city he would have had military obligations whenever the city went to war, and as a member of a patrician family he likely served in the cavalry. He was also an avid collector of fencing treatises and other literature on military history. Like his contemporary [[Joachim Meÿer]], Mair believed that the Medieval martial arts were being forgotten, and he saw this as a tragedy, idealizing the arts of fencing as a civilizing and character-building influence on men. Where Meÿer sought to update the traditional fencing systems and apply them to contemporary weapons of war and defense, Mair was more interested in preserving historical teachings intact. Thus, some time in the latter part of the 1540s he commissioned what would become the most extensive compendium of German fencing treatises ever made, a massive two-volume manuscript compiling virtually every fencing treatise he could access. He retained [[Jörg Breu the Younger]] to create the illustrations for the text,<ref>Breu is not listed in the Augsburg tax records in 1542-3; given Mair's youth, he most likely hired Breu between his return in 1544 and his death in 1547.</ref> and hired two Augsburg fencers to pose for the illustrations.<ref>Hils 1985, pp 197-201.</ref> This project was extraordinarily expensive and took at least four years to complete. Ultimately, three copies of this compendium were produced, each more extensive than the last; the first ([[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|MSS Dresden C.93/C.94]]) was written in [[Early New High German]], the second and most artistically ambitious ([[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Cod.icon. 393]]) in [[New Latin]], and the rougher third version ([[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Cod. 10825/10826]]) incorporated both languages.
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Mair's martial background is unknown, but as a citizen of a free city he would have had military obligations whenever the city went to war, and as a member of a patrician family he likely served in the cavalry. He was also an avid collector of fencing treatises and other literature on military history. Like his contemporary [[Joachim Meyer]], Mair believed that the Medieval martial arts were being forgotten, and he saw this as a tragedy, idealizing the arts of fencing as a civilizing and character-building influence on men. Where Meyer sought to update the traditional fencing systems and apply them to contemporary weapons of war and defense, Mair was more interested in preserving historical teachings intact. Thus, some time in the latter part of the 1540s he commissioned what would become the most extensive compendium of German fencing treatises ever made, a massive two-volume manuscript compiling virtually every fencing treatise he could access. He retained [[Jörg Breu the Younger]] to create the illustrations for the text,<ref>Breu is not listed in the Augsburg tax records in 1542-3; given Mair's youth, he most likely hired Breu between his return in 1544 and his death in 1547.</ref> and hired two Augsburg fencers to pose for the illustrations.<ref>Hils 1985, pp 197-201.</ref> This project was extraordinarily expensive and took at least four years to complete. Ultimately, three copies of this compendium were produced, each more extensive than the last; the first ([[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|MSS Dresden C.93/C.94]]) was written in [[Early New High German]], the second and most artistically ambitious ([[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Cod.icon. 393]]) in [[New Latin]], and the rougher third version ([[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Cod. 10825/10826]]) incorporated both languages.
  
Beginning in the 1540s, Mair began purchasing older fencing manuscripts, some from fellow collector [[Lienhart Sollinger]] (a [[Freifechter]] who lived in Augsburg for many years) and others from auctions. Perhaps most significant of all of his acquisitions was the partially-completed treatise of [[Antonius Rast]], a Master of the Long Sword and three-time Captain of the [[Marxbrüder]] fencing guild. The venerable master left it incomplete when he died in 1549, and Mair ultimately produced a complete fencing manual ([[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82]]) based on his notes. Ultimately, he owned over a dozen fencing manuscripts over the course of his life, including the following:
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Beginning in the 1540s, Mair began purchasing older fencing manuscripts, some from fellow collector [[Lienhart Sollinger]] (a [[Freifechter]] who lived in Augsburg for many years) and others from auctions. Perhaps most significant of all of his acquisitions was the partially-completed treatise of [[Antonius Rast]], a Master of the Long Sword and three-time Captain of the [[Marxbrüder]] fencing guild. The venerable master left it incomplete when he died in 1549, and in 1553 Mair produced a complete fencing manual ([[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82]]) based on his notes. Ultimately, he owned over a dozen fencing manuscripts over the course of his life, including the following:
  
 
* [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.1)|Codex I.6.2º.1]] - A copy of one of [[Hans Talhoffer]]'s fencing manuals, possibly the [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS XIX.17-3)|MS XIX.17-3]].
 
* [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.1)|Codex I.6.2º.1]] - A copy of one of [[Hans Talhoffer]]'s fencing manuals, possibly the [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS XIX.17-3)|MS XIX.17-3]].
* [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Codex I.6.2º.2]] - A compilation of [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutter]]'s longsword treatise and [[Lienhart Sollinger]]'s manuscript reproduction of ''[[Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurñfeyndt)|Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey]]''.
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* [[Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Codex I.6.2º.2]] - A compilation of [[Jörg Wilhalm]]'s longsword treatise and [[Lienhart Sollinger]]'s manuscript reproduction of ''[[Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurenfeyndt)|Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey]]''.
 
* [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cod.I.6.2º.3)|Codex I.6.2º.3]] - A copy of Codex I.6.4º.5 with descriptive text by Hutter.
 
* [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cod.I.6.2º.3)|Codex I.6.2º.3]] - A copy of Codex I.6.4º.5 with descriptive text by Hutter.
 
* [[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Codex I.6.2º.4]] - [[Jörg Breu the Younger|Jörg Breu]]'s draftbook for his work on Mair's treatises.
 
* [[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Codex I.6.2º.4]] - [[Jörg Breu the Younger|Jörg Breu]]'s draftbook for his work on Mair's treatises.
 
* [[Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)|Codex I.6.2º.5]] - A compilation of records of the [[Marxbrüder]] fencing guild, [[Hans Medel]]'s gloss of Liechtenauer's [[Recital]], Medel's additional teachings, and fencing prints by [[Maarten van Heemskerck]].
 
* [[Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)|Codex I.6.2º.5]] - A compilation of records of the [[Marxbrüder]] fencing guild, [[Hans Medel]]'s gloss of Liechtenauer's [[Recital]], Medel's additional teachings, and fencing prints by [[Maarten van Heemskerck]].
 
* [[Codex Wallerstein (Cod.I.6.4º.2)|Codex I.6.4º.2]] - A compilation of two treatises from the [[Nuremberg Group]] and a much older, uncaptioned series of fencing drawings known as pseudo-Gladiatoria.
 
* [[Codex Wallerstein (Cod.I.6.4º.2)|Codex I.6.4º.2]] - A compilation of two treatises from the [[Nuremberg Group]] and a much older, uncaptioned series of fencing drawings known as pseudo-Gladiatoria.
* [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Codex I.6.4º.3]] (?) - A compilation of several treatises from the tradition of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], possibly compiled by [[Jud Lew]]. (Not verified as being in his collection.)
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* [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cod.I.6.4º.5)|Codex I.6.4º.5]] - Jörg Wilhalm's draftbook.
* [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cod.I.6.4º.5)|Codex I.6.4º.5]] - Jörg Wilhalm Hutter's draftbook.
 
 
* [[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|MS E.1939.65.354]] - [[Gregor Erhart]]'s fencing manual. (Formerly Codex I.6.4º.4.)
 
* [[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|MS E.1939.65.354]] - [[Gregor Erhart]]'s fencing manual. (Formerly Codex I.6.4º.4.)
 
* [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82]] - The expanded and finished version of [[Antonius Rast]]'s fencing notes.
 
* [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82]] - The expanded and finished version of [[Antonius Rast]]'s fencing notes.
  
He also used several printed books as source material for his compendia, and presumably owned copies, including ''[[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst]]'' (compiled by [[Christian Egenolff]]), ''[[Opera Nova (Achille Marozzo)|Opera Nova]]'' by [[Achille Marozzo]], and ''[[Ringer Kunst (Fabian von Auerswald)|Ringer Kunst]]'' by [[Fabian von Auerswald]].  
+
He also used several printed books as source material for his compendia, and presumably owned copies, including ''[[Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst]]'' (printed by [[Christian Egenolff]]), ''[[Opera Nova (Achille Marozzo)|Opera Nova]]'' by [[Achille Marozzo]], and ''[[Ringer Kunst (Fabian von Auerswald)|Ringer Kunst]]'' by [[Fabian von Auerswald]].  
  
 
Mair not only spent incredible sums of money on his fencing interests, but generally lead a lavish lifestyle and maintained his political influence with expensive parties and other entertainments for the burghers and patricians of Augsburg. This habit of living far beyond his means for decades exhausted his family's wealth, eventually leading him to sell the Latin version of his fencing manuscript (netting the princely sum of 800 florins) and finally to begin embezzling money from the Augsburg city coffers. This embezzlement was not discovered for many years (or perhaps was overlooked due to the favor his parties garnered), until finally in 1579 a disgruntled assistant reported him to the Augsburg City Council and provoked an audit of his books. Mair was arrested, tried, and hanged as a thief at the age of 62. After Mair's death, his effects (including his library) were sold at auction to recoup some of the funds he had embezzled.
 
Mair not only spent incredible sums of money on his fencing interests, but generally lead a lavish lifestyle and maintained his political influence with expensive parties and other entertainments for the burghers and patricians of Augsburg. This habit of living far beyond his means for decades exhausted his family's wealth, eventually leading him to sell the Latin version of his fencing manuscript (netting the princely sum of 800 florins) and finally to begin embezzling money from the Augsburg city coffers. This embezzlement was not discovered for many years (or perhaps was overlooked due to the favor his parties garnered), until finally in 1579 a disgruntled assistant reported him to the Augsburg City Council and provoked an audit of his books. Mair was arrested, tried, and hanged as a thief at the age of 62. After Mair's death, his effects (including his library) were sold at auction to recoup some of the funds he had embezzled.
  
Whether viewed as an unwise scholar who paid the ultimate price for his art or an ignoble thief who violated his city's trust, Mair remains one of the most influential figures in the history of Kunst des Fechtens. By completing the fencing manual of Antonius Rast, Mair gave us valuable insight into the [[Nuremberg Group|Nuremberg fencing tradition]]; his own works are impressive on both an artistic and practical level, and his extensive commentary on the uncaptioned treatises in his collection serves to make potentially useful training aids out of what would otherwise be mere curiosities. Finally, in purchasing so many important fencing treatises he succeeded in preserving them for future generations; they were purchased by the fabulously wealthy Fugger family after his death and ultimately passed to the [[Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg|Augsburg University Library]], where they remain to this day.
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Whether viewed as an unwise scholar who paid the ultimate price for his art or an ignoble thief who violated his city's trust, Mair remains one of the most influential figures in the history of Kunst des Fechtens. By completing the fencing manual of Antonius Rast, Mair gave us valuable insight into the [[Nuremberg Group|Nuremberg fencing tradition]]; his own works are impressive on both an artistic and practical level, and his extensive commentary on the fencing illustrations in his collection serves to make potentially useful training aids out of what would otherwise be mere curiosities. Finally, in purchasing so many important fencing treatises he succeeded in preserving them for future generations; they were purchased by the fabulously wealthy Fugger family after his death and ultimately passed to the [[Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg|Augsburg University Library]], where they remain to this day.
 
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{{TOC limit|2}}
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
  
Much of Mair's content represents his revision and expansion of the older treatises listed above, including adding descriptive content to uncaptioned images. Where available, these images are displayed in the left-most column, labeled "Source Images", for comparison purposes. Mair's own illustrations appear in the second image column, alongside the translation.
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Much of Mair's content represents his revision and expansion of the older treatises listed above, including adding descriptive content to uncaptioned illustrations. Where available, these illustrations are displayed in the left-most column, labeled "Source Illustrations", for comparison purposes. Mair's own illustrations appear in the second column, alongside the translation.
  
 
The Dresden version contains the fewest devices and artwork most reminiscent of Breu's style, and appears therefore to be the original copy. The Munich adds additional plays and sections on top of the Dresden's contents, and the Vienna likewise augments the Munich, suggesting that this is likely order of creation; conversely, the Dresden has no unique content, and the only unique plays in the Munich are in the section on jousting. To give a visual sense of this evolution of the work, the Dresden illustrations are used wherever possible; the Munich illustrations appear only in those plays that are omitted from the Dresden, and the Vienna in those that are unique to that work.
 
The Dresden version contains the fewest devices and artwork most reminiscent of Breu's style, and appears therefore to be the original copy. The Munich adds additional plays and sections on top of the Dresden's contents, and the Vienna likewise augments the Munich, suggesting that this is likely order of creation; conversely, the Dresden has no unique content, and the only unique plays in the Munich are in the section on jousting. To give a visual sense of this evolution of the work, the Dresden illustrations are used wherever possible; the Munich illustrations appear only in those plays that are omitted from the Dresden, and the Vienna in those that are unique to that work.
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{| class="floated master"
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{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
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! <p>Source Images</p>
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! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images</p>
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! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]]</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Julia Gräf]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
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! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
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! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
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That the Roman people loved the knightly sport to such an extent, and was assiduous to learn and visit it, that they once in such great number came to the ''Theatrum'' and show-houses, that these, in spite of being built with art and strength, could not endure such zest of the population that, as ''Livius'' writes, at ''Fidena'' such a house due to the great weight did collapse and fell to the ground, killing two thousand men.<ref name="Fidena">The amphitheatre of Fidenae (the modern Borgata Fidena, a suburb of Rome), endowed by a freed slave named Atilius, collapsed in 27 BC under the weight of a large crowd of spectators, apparently due to faults in construction. According to the (likely exaggerated) account by Tacitus (''Annales'', 4.63), a total of 50,000 people died in the collapse.</ref> Even in the current day, in many places such former and collapsed show-houses can be seen in Greece, Italy and Lombardy, especially in Rome and in Verona.
 
That the Roman people loved the knightly sport to such an extent, and was assiduous to learn and visit it, that they once in such great number came to the ''Theatrum'' and show-houses, that these, in spite of being built with art and strength, could not endure such zest of the population that, as ''Livius'' writes, at ''Fidena'' such a house due to the great weight did collapse and fell to the ground, killing two thousand men.<ref name="Fidena">The amphitheatre of Fidenae (the modern Borgata Fidena, a suburb of Rome), endowed by a freed slave named Atilius, collapsed in 27 BC under the weight of a large crowd of spectators, apparently due to faults in construction. According to the (likely exaggerated) account by Tacitus (''Annales'', 4.63), a total of 50,000 people died in the collapse.</ref> Even in the current day, in many places such former and collapsed show-houses can be seen in Greece, Italy and Lombardy, especially in Rome and in Verona.
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'''Above we have heard''' how this knightly art of manhood was afforded and established by the learned and wise, also by the kings and princes as leaders of lands and kingdoms, which was done for the reason that land and people, widows and orphans would be kept in peace, calm and liberty, protected and saved from tyrants. For this to have its perfect and prosperous success, the highest heads, i.e. kings, princes, consuls and senators, did themselves undertake, learn and practice this knightly art, so as to present an example and motivation for their subjects, and there would be a great number of high potentates, i.e. emperors, kings, princes and noblemen, to be named at this point, which I have foregone, particularly in the case of the Greeks, not to put too much of a burden on the kind reader, and only alone the most notable Romans will I most briefly introduce and describe as a testimonial on the topic.
 
'''Above we have heard''' how this knightly art of manhood was afforded and established by the learned and wise, also by the kings and princes as leaders of lands and kingdoms, which was done for the reason that land and people, widows and orphans would be kept in peace, calm and liberty, protected and saved from tyrants. For this to have its perfect and prosperous success, the highest heads, i.e. kings, princes, consuls and senators, did themselves undertake, learn and practice this knightly art, so as to present an example and motivation for their subjects, and there would be a great number of high potentates, i.e. emperors, kings, princes and noblemen, to be named at this point, which I have foregone, particularly in the case of the Greeks, not to put too much of a burden on the kind reader, and only alone the most notable Romans will I most briefly introduce and describe as a testimonial on the topic.
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Likewise the Roman senator Palustrinus writes on the Roman insurgence and rabblement of Catilinus that the most famous prince of all orators, Cicero, at the time Roman mayor and keeper of the city of Rome, upon whom the entire senate of the city of Rome laid the burden of the Roman public interest so that the city would not take ruinous damage by the impudent rabblement of Catilinus, among other prudent actions did order to assemble all valiant and honest masters of the sword, and their associated families and disciples, who in all weapons had learned, been instructed and exercised in how to use them to full advantage, not just in the city of Rome but also in Capua and other cities of Italy, which thereafter did receive the Roman freedom, so that they in the most dire need of the city of Rome did handsomely perform the most urgent office of the night-watch, which council the worthy Romans took in this and in similar pernicious riots, so that the noble Romans did ever and always hold this knightly art in highest honour so that they might rely on the same in times of acute need, from which their might, power and glory did increase daily.<ref name="missing">The preceding three paragraphs are missing in the Dresden version.</ref>
 
Likewise the Roman senator Palustrinus writes on the Roman insurgence and rabblement of Catilinus that the most famous prince of all orators, Cicero, at the time Roman mayor and keeper of the city of Rome, upon whom the entire senate of the city of Rome laid the burden of the Roman public interest so that the city would not take ruinous damage by the impudent rabblement of Catilinus, among other prudent actions did order to assemble all valiant and honest masters of the sword, and their associated families and disciples, who in all weapons had learned, been instructed and exercised in how to use them to full advantage, not just in the city of Rome but also in Capua and other cities of Italy, which thereafter did receive the Roman freedom, so that they in the most dire need of the city of Rome did handsomely perform the most urgent office of the night-watch, which council the worthy Romans took in this and in similar pernicious riots, so that the noble Romans did ever and always hold this knightly art in highest honour so that they might rely on the same in times of acute need, from which their might, power and glory did increase daily.<ref name="missing">The preceding three paragraphs are missing in the Dresden version.</ref>
 
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'''Julius''', the first Roman emperor, did entrust his life to his body-guard, native Germans and famous fencers, more than four hundred in number, and to no-one else, and in Rome on the field of ''Mars'' he did himself fence, and did donate several treasures and prizes to the fencers shortly before his death. Likewise did emperor Augustus with great delight support and help the fencers, which example of love for the knightly art was freely followed by ''Tiberius'' the third Roman emperor, as is all recorded by ''Suetonius Tranquillus''<ref name="Tranquillus">Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (ca. 71 – ca. 135), author of ''De vita Caesarum'' (ca. AD 120).</ref> and by others besides in their accounts.
 
'''Julius''', the first Roman emperor, did entrust his life to his body-guard, native Germans and famous fencers, more than four hundred in number, and to no-one else, and in Rome on the field of ''Mars'' he did himself fence, and did donate several treasures and prizes to the fencers shortly before his death. Likewise did emperor Augustus with great delight support and help the fencers, which example of love for the knightly art was freely followed by ''Tiberius'' the third Roman emperor, as is all recorded by ''Suetonius Tranquillus''<ref name="Tranquillus">Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (ca. 71 – ca. 135), author of ''De vita Caesarum'' (ca. AD 120).</ref> and by others besides in their accounts.
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'''In addition, the ancients''', and especially the Greeks, did have such desire and love for the knightly exercise, that they did forego any kind of sweet food or drink several days before they would fence, likewise the lust of women besides all else that weakens the body and makes for heavy breathing, and did peruse such foods, as meat and other kinds, as do strengthen the body. On this matter did the learned ''medici'', and especially the most famous ''Galen'',<ref name="Galenus">Claudius Galenus of Pergamum (AD 131 – 201)</ref> repeatedly and artfully discuss, whether austerity and abstinence or the practice of fencing would profit more for the life of man. Also Saint Paul does report such an example in his epistle where he says, you see that those who would fence and fight over a transient honour or treasure are wont to forego all lust, as if he would say, why do not you the same, as pious Christians who are fighting not for an earthly but for a heavenly honour in this world.<ref name="Paulus">This may be in reference to 2 Timothy 2:4, rendered by Luther (1522) as: ''Niemant streyttet vnnd flicht sich ynn der narung geschefft, auff das er gefalle dem, der yhn zum streytter auffgenomen hat'' "None who would fight does meddle in the business of sustenance, so that he may please him who employed him as a fighter". Now Luthers ''narung'' "sustenance, nutrition, food" offers itself to an interpretation of "gluttony; carnal pleasure", but it translates ''pragmateiai biou'', meaning "the pragmatics of life", i.e. "everyday business". c.f. Tyndale (1526), who has "No man that warreth, entangleth himself with worldly business, and that because he would please him that hath chosen him to be a soldier"; Dresden has "temporal" (''zeitlich'') rather than "transient" (''zergenglich'').</ref> And therefore all those who love this knightly art do well to consider that in those times there were no drunken and immodest but sober, apt and most artful fencers. Also, it is rarely found in writing that among the ancients fencing was undertaken out of envy or hatred, as in our times regrettably occurs often, but out of love and artfulness. After the ancients did chastise themselves as they were expecting the day of fencing, they and the weapons with which they would fence were transported in all honesty on wagons to the fencing place or ''Theatrum'', and for them the prizes and treasures were painted in fine likeness and carried before them, and also beforehand publicly posted on the market-place, and thus made known to the common man. This custom is attributed by the historiographers with great praise to ''Terentius Lucanus'', who on three consecutive days did permanently have thirty naked fencers on the field, and when the fencers, masters and disciples entered the fencing place they put down their weapons in proper order (as is still the custom today); then the names of all fencers were written on pieces of paper and then with great assiduity the lot was drawn arbitrarily, and those two who were drawn by the lot then did have to fight most artfully and honourably for the treasure. For this, each of the fencers did most assiduously invoke their god, one ''Hercules'', the other ''Mercury'', yet others ''Pollux'' and ''Castor'', and so forth, and pray that the lot would pair them with good and artful fencers, and not immodest ones who were not well experienced in the art. All of this does illustrate that the ancients did fence above all for art and knightly virtue and honour than for any other things, for which reason, for the later generations of fencers and for the honour of the knightly art, the fight-schools as they were held and the promenading houses and halls of the rich were painted in their likeness, and those who held them, and those who won the prize were finely depicted, and the highest prize in this was retained by the freedman of emperor ''Nero'' who at ''Antium'' at the great imperial palace and promenade did most artfully and gracefully depict the likeness of the fencing-schools and fencers.<ref name="Antium">This is a reference to Pliny, ''Nat. Hist.'' 30.32: "When a freedman of Nero was giving a gladiatorial show at Antium, the public porticoes were covered with paintings, so we are told, containing life-like portraits of all the gladiators and assistants. This portraiture of gladiators has been the highest interest in art for many centuries now, but it was Gaius Terentius who began the practice of having pictures made of gladiatorial shows and exhibited in public; in honour of his grandfather who had adopted him he provided thirty pairs of Gladiators in the Forum for three consecutive days, and exhibited a picture of the matches in the Grove of Diana."</ref>
 
'''In addition, the ancients''', and especially the Greeks, did have such desire and love for the knightly exercise, that they did forego any kind of sweet food or drink several days before they would fence, likewise the lust of women besides all else that weakens the body and makes for heavy breathing, and did peruse such foods, as meat and other kinds, as do strengthen the body. On this matter did the learned ''medici'', and especially the most famous ''Galen'',<ref name="Galenus">Claudius Galenus of Pergamum (AD 131 – 201)</ref> repeatedly and artfully discuss, whether austerity and abstinence or the practice of fencing would profit more for the life of man. Also Saint Paul does report such an example in his epistle where he says, you see that those who would fence and fight over a transient honour or treasure are wont to forego all lust, as if he would say, why do not you the same, as pious Christians who are fighting not for an earthly but for a heavenly honour in this world.<ref name="Paulus">This may be in reference to 2 Timothy 2:4, rendered by Luther (1522) as: ''Niemant streyttet vnnd flicht sich ynn der narung geschefft, auff das er gefalle dem, der yhn zum streytter auffgenomen hat'' "None who would fight does meddle in the business of sustenance, so that he may please him who employed him as a fighter". Now Luthers ''narung'' "sustenance, nutrition, food" offers itself to an interpretation of "gluttony; carnal pleasure", but it translates ''pragmateiai biou'', meaning "the pragmatics of life", i.e. "everyday business". c.f. Tyndale (1526), who has "No man that warreth, entangleth himself with worldly business, and that because he would please him that hath chosen him to be a soldier"; Dresden has "temporal" (''zeitlich'') rather than "transient" (''zergenglich'').</ref> And therefore all those who love this knightly art do well to consider that in those times there were no drunken and immodest but sober, apt and most artful fencers. Also, it is rarely found in writing that among the ancients fencing was undertaken out of envy or hatred, as in our times regrettably occurs often, but out of love and artfulness. After the ancients did chastise themselves as they were expecting the day of fencing, they and the weapons with which they would fence were transported in all honesty on wagons to the fencing place or ''Theatrum'', and for them the prizes and treasures were painted in fine likeness and carried before them, and also beforehand publicly posted on the market-place, and thus made known to the common man. This custom is attributed by the historiographers with great praise to ''Terentius Lucanus'', who on three consecutive days did permanently have thirty naked fencers on the field, and when the fencers, masters and disciples entered the fencing place they put down their weapons in proper order (as is still the custom today); then the names of all fencers were written on pieces of paper and then with great assiduity the lot was drawn arbitrarily, and those two who were drawn by the lot then did have to fight most artfully and honourably for the treasure. For this, each of the fencers did most assiduously invoke their god, one ''Hercules'', the other ''Mercury'', yet others ''Pollux'' and ''Castor'', and so forth, and pray that the lot would pair them with good and artful fencers, and not immodest ones who were not well experienced in the art. All of this does illustrate that the ancients did fence above all for art and knightly virtue and honour than for any other things, for which reason, for the later generations of fencers and for the honour of the knightly art, the fight-schools as they were held and the promenading houses and halls of the rich were painted in their likeness, and those who held them, and those who won the prize were finely depicted, and the highest prize in this was retained by the freedman of emperor ''Nero'' who at ''Antium'' at the great imperial palace and promenade did most artfully and gracefully depict the likeness of the fencing-schools and fencers.<ref name="Antium">This is a reference to Pliny, ''Nat. Hist.'' 30.32: "When a freedman of Nero was giving a gladiatorial show at Antium, the public porticoes were covered with paintings, so we are told, containing life-like portraits of all the gladiators and assistants. This portraiture of gladiators has been the highest interest in art for many centuries now, but it was Gaius Terentius who began the practice of having pictures made of gladiatorial shows and exhibited in public; in honour of his grandfather who had adopted him he provided thirty pairs of Gladiators in the Forum for three consecutive days, and exhibited a picture of the matches in the Grove of Diana."</ref>
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'''So did also the learned''' philosophers write about this knightly art, and the same were not ashamed to learn its, and among them ''Pythagoras'', who was held a good fencer, was the foremost, as he did win the prize with his artful fencing at the celebration of the 48th ''Olympiad''. Likewise did do many other excellent philosophers, without necessarily naming them all. So does ''Marcus Tullius Cicero'', the Roman mayor and eventually administrator of the entire Roman empire write on the praise of fencing [T. q. folio.125.] I consider and trust entirely that nobody at all can be counted among the number of the learned orators who were not well versed and experienced in all arts that are knightly and even if we do not employ them in speaking, nor is it possible to discern this in us, if we are exercised in knightly sports, but the agility and the bearing of the body does concord and correspond with the agility of the voice, both in cheerful and in lamentable topics, such that it appears all the more agreeable to the listener. This is confirmed by the most learned orator ''Quintilianus'' who says that the persons who are given to praise and do not have contempt for the knightly sport of fencing and takes this as the cause that the same have great advantage and furtherance in the art of being well-spoken due to their agility ''Anacharsis''<ref name="Anacharsis">Anacharsis the Scythian, according to Herodotus (4.46, 76 f.) brother of the Scythian king Saulinos; attributed to him are inventions such as the anchor, bellows and pottery wheel. He was slain by his brother after he returned from a journey to Greece and began to advocate Greek culture to his countrymen. He is sometimes counted as one of the Seven Sages of Athens. Among a number of letters attributed to him is one addressed to the Lydian king Croesus.</ref> who lived at the time of king ''Croesus'' in Lydia, at the time when Rome had stood for 194 years, wrote that he did greatly marvel at how the Greeks were such stern judges while the fencers did bear themselves so heartily and well with[?] open spaces, houses, prizes, treasures and highest praise, as if he would say that the Greeks do well uphold the law and give to each man his due, to one his due praise and to the other his due punishment. Many more similar pronouncements furthering the honour of fencing could be mentioned, but as I feel that no amount would suffice for those who disparage this art, it should suffice for the present time.
 
'''So did also the learned''' philosophers write about this knightly art, and the same were not ashamed to learn its, and among them ''Pythagoras'', who was held a good fencer, was the foremost, as he did win the prize with his artful fencing at the celebration of the 48th ''Olympiad''. Likewise did do many other excellent philosophers, without necessarily naming them all. So does ''Marcus Tullius Cicero'', the Roman mayor and eventually administrator of the entire Roman empire write on the praise of fencing [T. q. folio.125.] I consider and trust entirely that nobody at all can be counted among the number of the learned orators who were not well versed and experienced in all arts that are knightly and even if we do not employ them in speaking, nor is it possible to discern this in us, if we are exercised in knightly sports, but the agility and the bearing of the body does concord and correspond with the agility of the voice, both in cheerful and in lamentable topics, such that it appears all the more agreeable to the listener. This is confirmed by the most learned orator ''Quintilianus'' who says that the persons who are given to praise and do not have contempt for the knightly sport of fencing and takes this as the cause that the same have great advantage and furtherance in the art of being well-spoken due to their agility ''Anacharsis''<ref name="Anacharsis">Anacharsis the Scythian, according to Herodotus (4.46, 76 f.) brother of the Scythian king Saulinos; attributed to him are inventions such as the anchor, bellows and pottery wheel. He was slain by his brother after he returned from a journey to Greece and began to advocate Greek culture to his countrymen. He is sometimes counted as one of the Seven Sages of Athens. Among a number of letters attributed to him is one addressed to the Lydian king Croesus.</ref> who lived at the time of king ''Croesus'' in Lydia, at the time when Rome had stood for 194 years, wrote that he did greatly marvel at how the Greeks were such stern judges while the fencers did bear themselves so heartily and well with[?] open spaces, houses, prizes, treasures and highest praise, as if he would say that the Greeks do well uphold the law and give to each man his due, to one his due praise and to the other his due punishment. Many more similar pronouncements furthering the honour of fencing could be mentioned, but as I feel that no amount would suffice for those who disparage this art, it should suffice for the present time.
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'''Likewise did also''' the royal prophet ''David'' honourably defeat the great duellist and giant ''Goliath''. [Lib i. Regnum.] Also ''Ancheor'' not without extraordinary agility did lay low ''Turnus'' in a duel, and after the Albanians did set their ancestry, glory and reign against the Romans and three strong duellists of Albanian family known as the ''Cruciati'' were chosen to duel three Romans with the name of ''Horace'' the ''Horacii'' on the Roman side with extraordinary agility won the upper hand and slew the ''Cruciati'' and thus subjugating all of Italy. Likewise the German who challenged ''Valerius Corvinus'' to a duel was slain in a knightly deed. ''Manlius Torquatus'' also did kill a German prince in a duel and took off his neck-ring, by this winning great honour for himself and the name of Rome. I will be silent on the duels that were held everywhere in Germany from oldest times. In ancient German writings, kept in Schäbisch Hall, in Kochen[?] and in Würzburg, there are separate duelling rules and many duels were held there. Likewise in Munich on the Iser, Seitz von Althaim and Diepolt Gess in the year 1370 did hold a knightly duel on horseback, in which Seitz von Althaim gained a knightly victory. Likewise in the year 1409, a knightly duel on foot and in linen shirts behind two shields was held in Augsburg on the Lech on the wine-market between Dieterich Hachsenacker and Wigleo Marschalk, in which duel Marschalk did bravely slay Hachsenacker.<ref name="Year 1409">Mair gives more detail on this judicial duel of 1409 in the second volume. According to this account, the combatants were Wilhelm Marschalk von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker, and the shields of the combatants were preserved in St. Leonard's church outside of the city until the tower of this church was demolished on 3 November 1542.</ref> The duel did have separate laws and statutes in laws, and their ordering and how they should be held is described and clearly set out in city-books everywhere, treatment of which topic, however, in the interest of brevity I will omit here and will describe and explain it elsewhere.
 
'''Likewise did also''' the royal prophet ''David'' honourably defeat the great duellist and giant ''Goliath''. [Lib i. Regnum.] Also ''Ancheor'' not without extraordinary agility did lay low ''Turnus'' in a duel, and after the Albanians did set their ancestry, glory and reign against the Romans and three strong duellists of Albanian family known as the ''Cruciati'' were chosen to duel three Romans with the name of ''Horace'' the ''Horacii'' on the Roman side with extraordinary agility won the upper hand and slew the ''Cruciati'' and thus subjugating all of Italy. Likewise the German who challenged ''Valerius Corvinus'' to a duel was slain in a knightly deed. ''Manlius Torquatus'' also did kill a German prince in a duel and took off his neck-ring, by this winning great honour for himself and the name of Rome. I will be silent on the duels that were held everywhere in Germany from oldest times. In ancient German writings, kept in Schäbisch Hall, in Kochen[?] and in Würzburg, there are separate duelling rules and many duels were held there. Likewise in Munich on the Iser, Seitz von Althaim and Diepolt Gess in the year 1370 did hold a knightly duel on horseback, in which Seitz von Althaim gained a knightly victory. Likewise in the year 1409, a knightly duel on foot and in linen shirts behind two shields was held in Augsburg on the Lech on the wine-market between Dieterich Hachsenacker and Wigleo Marschalk, in which duel Marschalk did bravely slay Hachsenacker.<ref name="Year 1409">Mair gives more detail on this judicial duel of 1409 in the second volume. According to this account, the combatants were Wilhelm Marschalk von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker, and the shields of the combatants were preserved in St. Leonard's church outside of the city until the tower of this church was demolished on 3 November 1542.</ref> The duel did have separate laws and statutes in laws, and their ordering and how they should be held is described and clearly set out in city-books everywhere, treatment of which topic, however, in the interest of brevity I will omit here and will describe and explain it elsewhere.
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Of these and comparable deeds of honour that have their origin and source in the knightly exercises, as have occurred both among the Greeks and the Romans, there would be much more to tell. But it would seem to me to become over-much and so as to not displease the reader I will forbear.
 
Of these and comparable deeds of honour that have their origin and source in the knightly exercises, as have occurred both among the Greeks and the Romans, there would be much more to tell. But it would seem to me to become over-much and so as to not displease the reader I will forbear.
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Such testimony would he who would carry arms need to present at the following assembly and diet. Then the authorities or his closest friends would gird him with his weapon and on his neck hang a shield, congratulate him, and henceforth he would be declared [a free man] of his province. In warfare and battle they had this custom, that they would take with them their wives and children, even those still in the cradle, and they must prepare and serve food and drink for the men, oil, try, bandage and treat their wounds and they then showed their wounds to their mothers and wives, who felt no abhorrence therefrom, but gave much praise for them. And when they fought a battle against their enemies, the wives and children must keep nearby, so that the men could hear the weeping of their little children, and the wives would shout and admonish their men to be brave and keen and not to flee, fighting not just for their country and people but also for their wives and children. This did often contribute to their victory, as ''Tacitus'' reports. For this reason they conducted their marriage according to the following manner. None could take a wife other than he was of grown age, and likewise the virgins must be of proper age, resulting in great, tall, strong people, and as they were joined, they practiced the custom that the wife would bring no dowry to the man, neither money nor property, but for a sword, which she gave to him for the purpose that he must use it to protect her, her children, and the fatherland. The man on the other hand must have a certain property, which however did not include money, or silken garment or clothes, with which he might adorn and bedeck the bride, but he must own two heads of cattle and an ox, joined in a yoke, a saddled horse a pavise or shield, a hewing-knife and a thrusting-spear. If he had these, the bride was given in his hand. This was all her marriage-portion, dowry, morning-gift, wreath and ring, hand-fasting and wedding-feast, church-going and consecration. The closest friends would inspect all the mentioned pieces, and if they were good, they were satisfied and wished them happiness and fertility in birth, and they were joined in that hour and the marriage was concluded. But the significance and meaning of these pieces was that just as the cattle under the yoke the couple must never part, in joy or sorrow, in war or otherwise, but they must live and lie together, journey and travel, and keenly dare all things, which was signified by the saddled horse. Also, the sword, shield, knife and spear must be kept by the wife in the event of the man's death, so that she might pass to her sons and children their father's marriage-portion at the proper time, and it would be kept and passed on even to the third generation.
 
Such testimony would he who would carry arms need to present at the following assembly and diet. Then the authorities or his closest friends would gird him with his weapon and on his neck hang a shield, congratulate him, and henceforth he would be declared [a free man] of his province. In warfare and battle they had this custom, that they would take with them their wives and children, even those still in the cradle, and they must prepare and serve food and drink for the men, oil, try, bandage and treat their wounds and they then showed their wounds to their mothers and wives, who felt no abhorrence therefrom, but gave much praise for them. And when they fought a battle against their enemies, the wives and children must keep nearby, so that the men could hear the weeping of their little children, and the wives would shout and admonish their men to be brave and keen and not to flee, fighting not just for their country and people but also for their wives and children. This did often contribute to their victory, as ''Tacitus'' reports. For this reason they conducted their marriage according to the following manner. None could take a wife other than he was of grown age, and likewise the virgins must be of proper age, resulting in great, tall, strong people, and as they were joined, they practiced the custom that the wife would bring no dowry to the man, neither money nor property, but for a sword, which she gave to him for the purpose that he must use it to protect her, her children, and the fatherland. The man on the other hand must have a certain property, which however did not include money, or silken garment or clothes, with which he might adorn and bedeck the bride, but he must own two heads of cattle and an ox, joined in a yoke, a saddled horse a pavise or shield, a hewing-knife and a thrusting-spear. If he had these, the bride was given in his hand. This was all her marriage-portion, dowry, morning-gift, wreath and ring, hand-fasting and wedding-feast, church-going and consecration. The closest friends would inspect all the mentioned pieces, and if they were good, they were satisfied and wished them happiness and fertility in birth, and they were joined in that hour and the marriage was concluded. But the significance and meaning of these pieces was that just as the cattle under the yoke the couple must never part, in joy or sorrow, in war or otherwise, but they must live and lie together, journey and travel, and keenly dare all things, which was signified by the saddled horse. Also, the sword, shield, knife and spear must be kept by the wife in the event of the man's death, so that she might pass to her sons and children their father's marriage-portion at the proper time, and it would be kept and passed on even to the third generation.
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'''From the above''', kind fencer and reader, you may deduce to what extent this hard knightly exercise, kept so firmly by our ancient Germans, gave to Germany great liberty, honour and everlasting praise, and if things were still the same (concerning knightly and manly exercise) in German lands, and the knightly exercise were still held in such esteem, if vices such as usury, games, excessive eating and drinking, blaspheming, and disdain of all good arts besides other frivolity would be avoided and punished, what great profit, praise and honour for all of Germany would arise from this still in the present day. But instead all vices have taken such a terrible hold, primarily at the princely courts but also in cities and villages, that the abuses have grown to the point that aberration and lack of virtue out of old and evil habit are now adhered to as if it were a law, which is evident and in plain daylight so that anyone can see the pitiful state of affairs.
 
'''From the above''', kind fencer and reader, you may deduce to what extent this hard knightly exercise, kept so firmly by our ancient Germans, gave to Germany great liberty, honour and everlasting praise, and if things were still the same (concerning knightly and manly exercise) in German lands, and the knightly exercise were still held in such esteem, if vices such as usury, games, excessive eating and drinking, blaspheming, and disdain of all good arts besides other frivolity would be avoided and punished, what great profit, praise and honour for all of Germany would arise from this still in the present day. But instead all vices have taken such a terrible hold, primarily at the princely courts but also in cities and villages, that the abuses have grown to the point that aberration and lack of virtue out of old and evil habit are now adhered to as if it were a law, which is evident and in plain daylight so that anyone can see the pitiful state of affairs.
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[Apoph: fol.312.] Likewise with Alexander the Great in his youth, at one time after he had been drinking wine and came back home to court, and his father Philip was told that his son Alexander had been drinking wine and had been singing very well, king Philipp was much displeased and chided him with these words, saying, are you not ashamed of yourself that you are so apt in drinking and singing, as if he would say, are you not a king's son, why are you dealing with such disdainful practice, are you proposing to support your kingdom by such frivolity after my death, or do you have such modest and childlike neighbours in the cities of Athens, Corinth, Argis, Corcica and others, so turn your mind to knightly arts, which serve for the development of your realm, honour and prosperity. At this instruction and scolding Alexander was so dismayed that he fast dedicated himself to knightly exercises, for which he gained later reward on many duelling-fields, and finally culminated in this, that within twelve years he subjugated and conquered the entire world with his knightly disposition. And truly, as I see it, if such knightly exercise according to the ancient manner and custom, in place of frivolous exercise, which over time have become so ubiquitous not just at royal or princely courts but also in the cities and everywhere and have displaced the exercise of good virtue, should again become well-established with both high and lower government, it would surely be highly profitable and useful for Germany and its degenerated prestige and dodgy reputation.
 
[Apoph: fol.312.] Likewise with Alexander the Great in his youth, at one time after he had been drinking wine and came back home to court, and his father Philip was told that his son Alexander had been drinking wine and had been singing very well, king Philipp was much displeased and chided him with these words, saying, are you not ashamed of yourself that you are so apt in drinking and singing, as if he would say, are you not a king's son, why are you dealing with such disdainful practice, are you proposing to support your kingdom by such frivolity after my death, or do you have such modest and childlike neighbours in the cities of Athens, Corinth, Argis, Corcica and others, so turn your mind to knightly arts, which serve for the development of your realm, honour and prosperity. At this instruction and scolding Alexander was so dismayed that he fast dedicated himself to knightly exercises, for which he gained later reward on many duelling-fields, and finally culminated in this, that within twelve years he subjugated and conquered the entire world with his knightly disposition. And truly, as I see it, if such knightly exercise according to the ancient manner and custom, in place of frivolous exercise, which over time have become so ubiquitous not just at royal or princely courts but also in the cities and everywhere and have displaced the exercise of good virtue, should again become well-established with both high and lower government, it would surely be highly profitable and useful for Germany and its degenerated prestige and dodgy reputation.
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'''To the''' honour-loving custom of the knightly sport did the Roman emperor ''Henry'', the first of this name, wish to dedicate himself and lend support with all his appetite and desire, so that it would not decay, with the good and timely counsel of his princes and other lords. And he did establish the praiseworthy knightly sport of the tourney in the year 938 with the counsel of his princes and lords, adorned with twelve praiseworthy, honourable and Christian articles, so as to conserve honour, virtue and honesty in the Holy Empire of the German Nation. In this manner that none among the nobility, princes or counts, might participate in the knightly sport of the tourney if they violated the said twelve articles. Whoever did so was made the mockery of all princes, lords and ladies, put on the barriers, denuded of horse, weapons and armour, and publicly proclaimed a villain by the heralds, so that the princes, lords and noblemen were incited to good virtues and avoided many great vices.
 
'''To the''' honour-loving custom of the knightly sport did the Roman emperor ''Henry'', the first of this name, wish to dedicate himself and lend support with all his appetite and desire, so that it would not decay, with the good and timely counsel of his princes and other lords. And he did establish the praiseworthy knightly sport of the tourney in the year 938 with the counsel of his princes and lords, adorned with twelve praiseworthy, honourable and Christian articles, so as to conserve honour, virtue and honesty in the Holy Empire of the German Nation. In this manner that none among the nobility, princes or counts, might participate in the knightly sport of the tourney if they violated the said twelve articles. Whoever did so was made the mockery of all princes, lords and ladies, put on the barriers, denuded of horse, weapons and armour, and publicly proclaimed a villain by the heralds, so that the princes, lords and noblemen were incited to good virtues and avoided many great vices.
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| <p>'''The''' said twelve articles were set down in great earnest by the emperor and the princes of the holy empire, and recited orally. The first was recited by the emperor himself, [i.e.] whoso blasphemes the Christian faith and the holy Trinity or despoils and weakens the church of Christ. [The second by] the count Palatine: whoso treacherously acts against any proscription or prohibition of the emperor's. [The third by] the duke of Swabia: whoso dishonours or weakens ladies or virgins. [The fourth by] the duke of Bavaria: whoso is recognized as in breach of treaty, in perjury or dishonour. [The fifth by] the duke of Franconia, whoso betrays his own lord and deserts him. And so on by other lords beside: [6th] whoso slays his bed-fellow or instigates manslaughter; [7th] whoso despoils churches or hermitages, widows or orphans by threat of violence; [8th] whoso harries, pillages or feuds with another without declaration or proper claim. [9th] whoso would change or alter the law and order of the empire and cause unrest in the streets; [10th] whoso breaches his own or another's honour. [11th] Whoso is of noble birth but does not maintain his noble state by his pensions, revenue and liege's guerdon but instead involves himself with merchant's trade and usury. [12th] that none [may participate] unless he is of right noble birth on the part of [all] his four grandfathers and grandmothers. All these, blemished by such vices, must avoid the highly honourable knightly sport of the tourney and fully excluded on pains of severe penalty. At all times at each tourney, of which the first was held in the year 938 in Magdeburg and the last in the year 1487 in Worms, numbering thirty-six,<ref name="Ruxner">Mair's source is the ''Turnierbuch'' of Georg Rüxner (c. 1490), edited in Augsburg by Marx Würsung (1518). Rüxner describes a series of 36 "imperial tournaments" (''Reichs-Turniere'') between 938 and 1487, beginning with a legendary tournament held in Magdeburg during what Rüxner makes out as the reign of Henry I the Fowler.</ref> there attended the highest-born and most noble princesses, countesses and baronesses, in the state of wife, virgin or widow, who helped inspect helmets and coats-of-arms, observe[?], present treasures and prizes, gave thanks and honour[?] and held dances, all of this invented and performed for the preservation of honour and virtue.</p>
 
| <p>'''The''' said twelve articles were set down in great earnest by the emperor and the princes of the holy empire, and recited orally. The first was recited by the emperor himself, [i.e.] whoso blasphemes the Christian faith and the holy Trinity or despoils and weakens the church of Christ. [The second by] the count Palatine: whoso treacherously acts against any proscription or prohibition of the emperor's. [The third by] the duke of Swabia: whoso dishonours or weakens ladies or virgins. [The fourth by] the duke of Bavaria: whoso is recognized as in breach of treaty, in perjury or dishonour. [The fifth by] the duke of Franconia, whoso betrays his own lord and deserts him. And so on by other lords beside: [6th] whoso slays his bed-fellow or instigates manslaughter; [7th] whoso despoils churches or hermitages, widows or orphans by threat of violence; [8th] whoso harries, pillages or feuds with another without declaration or proper claim. [9th] whoso would change or alter the law and order of the empire and cause unrest in the streets; [10th] whoso breaches his own or another's honour. [11th] Whoso is of noble birth but does not maintain his noble state by his pensions, revenue and liege's guerdon but instead involves himself with merchant's trade and usury. [12th] that none [may participate] unless he is of right noble birth on the part of [all] his four grandfathers and grandmothers. All these, blemished by such vices, must avoid the highly honourable knightly sport of the tourney and fully excluded on pains of severe penalty. At all times at each tourney, of which the first was held in the year 938 in Magdeburg and the last in the year 1487 in Worms, numbering thirty-six,<ref name="Ruxner">Mair's source is the ''Turnierbuch'' of Georg Rüxner (c. 1490), edited in Augsburg by Marx Würsung (1518). Rüxner describes a series of 36 "imperial tournaments" (''Reichs-Turniere'') between 938 and 1487, beginning with a legendary tournament held in Magdeburg during what Rüxner makes out as the reign of Henry I the Fowler.</ref> there attended the highest-born and most noble princesses, countesses and baronesses, in the state of wife, virgin or widow, who helped inspect helmets and coats-of-arms, observe[?], present treasures and prizes, gave thanks and honour[?] and held dances, all of this invented and performed for the preservation of honour and virtue.</p>
| <p>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 012v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 013r.png|1|lbl=013r|p=1}}</p>
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<p>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 014r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 014v.png|1|lbl=014v|p=1}}</p>
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<p>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 014v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 015r.png|1|lbl=015r|p=1}}</p>
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<p>{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 012r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 012v.jpg|1|lbl=012v|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 013r.jpg|1|lbl=013r|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 013v.jpg|1|lbl=013v|p=1}}</p>
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'''All kinds of examples''' of honesty are found in the histories, which indicate clearly that the empires, countries and cities are sustained by honesty of spirit and prowess of the fist, but that they dissolve and are undone by lazy inertia. The Assyrian Empire, which was the first empire in this world, did take its origin with king ''Ninus'' and by thirty-six kings was ruled in full honesty during one thousand two hundred and forty years. But on his accession their final king, ''Sardanapolus''<ref name="Assyria">Ninus: the legendary founder of Nineveh according to Ctesias (''Persica'', ca. 400 BC); Ctesias' Sardanapolus corresponds to Ashurbanipal (669 - 627 BC); Ctesias is a rather unreliable source by comparison with Herodotus and the Ptolemaic king list; but in any case knowledge on the Assyrian empire was very limited before the decipherment of cuneiform in the 1850s.</ref> ruled in such a way that under his rule sloth, lust of women, excessive eating and drinking, and gambling, became so rife that he drowned in these said vices, while honesty was in such low esteem that his own people grew disobedient and deserted him, and was divided in gangs and parties, and he was finally chased and exiled from his own empire, and thus by his negligent laziness, disrespect of knightly exercise and bad government, the Assyrian Empire came to its end with him. This king was often found in his women's quarters when he should have been dedicating himself to knighthood, and to please them he used to work the spindle. He had made costly preparation of his tomb before his death, and on it he ordered the following inscription [folio. 46.] ''Sardanapolus Anecendarases. Ede, bibe, lude.'' which in German means this, Sardanapolus of Anecendarasis, eat, drink, play. In this the kind reader may well perceive what difference in success and failure there is between slothful and valiant lords. As Xerxes, king in Persia, re-conquered and brought into his power the city of Babylon after it had seceded from him, he considered how he could keep the great city of Babylon so that it would not secede from him again, and to this end he ordered that all Babylonian citizens and inhabitants may not carry any weapon, and may no longer exercise knightly sport, but he allowed them to visit the taverns and drink wine every night, to sing and whistle and also that they might have beautiful women, and might wear plaited dresses. All this he did with the intent of turning honest men into soft women, which indeed then did come to pass as they became used to pleasures, so that their manhood declined and thence he might rein them as with a bridle, which also did come to pass.
 
'''All kinds of examples''' of honesty are found in the histories, which indicate clearly that the empires, countries and cities are sustained by honesty of spirit and prowess of the fist, but that they dissolve and are undone by lazy inertia. The Assyrian Empire, which was the first empire in this world, did take its origin with king ''Ninus'' and by thirty-six kings was ruled in full honesty during one thousand two hundred and forty years. But on his accession their final king, ''Sardanapolus''<ref name="Assyria">Ninus: the legendary founder of Nineveh according to Ctesias (''Persica'', ca. 400 BC); Ctesias' Sardanapolus corresponds to Ashurbanipal (669 - 627 BC); Ctesias is a rather unreliable source by comparison with Herodotus and the Ptolemaic king list; but in any case knowledge on the Assyrian empire was very limited before the decipherment of cuneiform in the 1850s.</ref> ruled in such a way that under his rule sloth, lust of women, excessive eating and drinking, and gambling, became so rife that he drowned in these said vices, while honesty was in such low esteem that his own people grew disobedient and deserted him, and was divided in gangs and parties, and he was finally chased and exiled from his own empire, and thus by his negligent laziness, disrespect of knightly exercise and bad government, the Assyrian Empire came to its end with him. This king was often found in his women's quarters when he should have been dedicating himself to knighthood, and to please them he used to work the spindle. He had made costly preparation of his tomb before his death, and on it he ordered the following inscription [folio. 46.] ''Sardanapolus Anecendarases. Ede, bibe, lude.'' which in German means this, Sardanapolus of Anecendarasis, eat, drink, play. In this the kind reader may well perceive what difference in success and failure there is between slothful and valiant lords. As Xerxes, king in Persia, re-conquered and brought into his power the city of Babylon after it had seceded from him, he considered how he could keep the great city of Babylon so that it would not secede from him again, and to this end he ordered that all Babylonian citizens and inhabitants may not carry any weapon, and may no longer exercise knightly sport, but he allowed them to visit the taverns and drink wine every night, to sing and whistle and also that they might have beautiful women, and might wear plaited dresses. All this he did with the intent of turning honest men into soft women, which indeed then did come to pass as they became used to pleasures, so that their manhood declined and thence he might rein them as with a bridle, which also did come to pass.
| <p>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 015r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 015v.png|1|lbl=015v|p=1}}</p>
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{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 015r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 015v.png|1|lbl=015v|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 014ar.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10825 014ar.png|2|lbl=-}}
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}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Jürg Gassmann]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Jürg Gassmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]]and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Julia Gräf]]and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
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<p>Whosoever wants to engage in the knightly art of fencing, in whichever arms they may be, fighting mounted or on foot, he must have these attitude or attributes, to whit, if he wants to perform the plays, he shall have four qualities, that is strong as a courageous lion, keen-eyed as an eagle, fast as a lynx and cunning as a fox. Who has just one of these qualities in him will not be easily cheated and his superiority not easily surrendered. For therewith he may prove and achieve his manliness in the knightly art to his own praise. But if he has none of these in him, he will not achieve much of note or honour, except to suffer great injury, along with the scorn and the ignominy.</p>
 
<p>Whosoever wants to engage in the knightly art of fencing, in whichever arms they may be, fighting mounted or on foot, he must have these attitude or attributes, to whit, if he wants to perform the plays, he shall have four qualities, that is strong as a courageous lion, keen-eyed as an eagle, fast as a lynx and cunning as a fox. Who has just one of these qualities in him will not be easily cheated and his superiority not easily surrendered. For therewith he may prove and achieve his manliness in the knightly art to his own praise. But if he has none of these in him, he will not achieve much of note or honour, except to suffer great injury, along with the scorn and the ignominy.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 018v.png|1|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.93 018v.png|1|lbl=18v}}
 
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}}<section begin="Credits2"/>
 
}}<section begin="Credits2"/>
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|start}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Anton Kohutovič]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Anton Kohutovič]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter&nbsp;Bachmann]], [[Robin&nbsp;Verhoef]], [[Christiaan&nbsp;Verhoef]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter&nbsp;Bachmann]], [[Robin&nbsp;Verhoef]], [[Christiaan&nbsp;Verhoef]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p><section end="Credits2"/>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p><section end="Credits2"/>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-   
 
|-   
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]] and [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]] and [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/> by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/> by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,039: Line 4,072:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]] and [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]] and [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,420: Line 4,453:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,596: Line 4,629:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 4,990: Line 5,023:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,128: Line 5,161:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Jason Taylor]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Jason Taylor]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,250: Line 5,283:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,400: Line 5,433:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,562: Line 5,595:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]] and [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Reinier van Noort]] and [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Julia Gräf]] and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Julia Gräf]] and [[Ingo Petri]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Saskia Roselaar]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,788: Line 5,821:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]], [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]], and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]], [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]], and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kendra Brown]], [[Rebecca Garber]], [[Mark Millman]],<br/>[[Jon Reynolds]], and [[Amy West]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kendra Brown]], [[Rebecca Garber]], [[Mark Millman]],<br/>[[Jon Reynolds]], and [[Amy West]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]], [[Rebecca Garber]], [[Amy West]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]], [[Rebecca Garber]], [[Amy West]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Kendra Brown]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Kendra Brown]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]], [[Kendra Brown]], [[Rebecca Garber]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]], [[Kendra Brown]], [[Rebecca Garber]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 5,813: Line 5,846:
 
If he has thus seized you and stabs at your face, so take him away nimbly inwardly with your left hand.  Immediately set your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself from him.
 
If he has thus seized you and stabs at your face, so take him away nimbly inwardly with your left hand.  Immediately set your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|003r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|003r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211r.jpg|German|lbl=211r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 190r.png|German|lbl=190r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|003r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|003r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211r.jpg|Latin|lbl=211r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 190r.png|Latin|lbl=190r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 5,835: Line 5,868:
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so grab with your left hand on his right arm, step with your right foot behind his right and shove him with strength from yourself.<ref>Note: person on left side starts with the dagger in the left hand according to the illustration.</ref>
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so grab with your left hand on his right arm, step with your right foot behind his right and shove him with strength from yourself.<ref>Note: person on left side starts with the dagger in the left hand according to the illustration.</ref>
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|003v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|003v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211v.jpg|German|lbl=211v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 190v.png|German|lbl=190v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|003v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|003v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211v.jpg|Latin|lbl=211v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 190v.png|Latin|lbl=190v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|36v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|36v|png}}
  
Line 5,852: Line 5,885:
 
If he thus shoves you from him, so step with your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself away from him. In this, step with equal feet together and stab him in his face. If he thus takes away this stab and sets this of yours off with his dagger on his right arm and grabs you with his left hand on your right arm, so grab with your left hand well under his right arm pit and twist him on your right side.<ref>Note: push down, not out</ref> Immediately step in behind and stab him in his neck.
 
If he thus shoves you from him, so step with your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself away from him. In this, step with equal feet together and stab him in his face. If he thus takes away this stab and sets this of yours off with his dagger on his right arm and grabs you with his left hand on your right arm, so grab with your left hand well under his right arm pit and twist him on your right side.<ref>Note: push down, not out</ref> Immediately step in behind and stab him in his neck.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|004r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|004r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212r.jpg|German|lbl=212r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 191r.png|German|lbl=191r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|004r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|004r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212r.jpg|Latin|lbl=212r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 191r.png|Latin|lbl=191r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 5,873: Line 5,906:
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to take your dagger, so release it to him. Immediately grab with your right hand in front on his right and with the left well behind his right elbow, step with your left foot behind his right, immediately wind him above from you and below to you, thus you break his arm.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to take your dagger, so release it to him. Immediately grab with your right hand in front on his right and with the left well behind his right elbow, step with your left foot behind his right, immediately wind him above from you and below to you, thus you break his arm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|004v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|004v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212v.jpg|German|lbl=212v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 191v.png|German|lbl=191v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|004v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|004v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212v.jpg|Latin|lbl=212v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 191v.png|Latin|lbl=191v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 5,896: Line 5,929:
 
If you become aware of this thrust, so fall to him with your left hand on his right and remove his thrust therewith. Immediately stab nimbly at this face and step back into a good stance.
 
If you become aware of this thrust, so fall to him with your left hand on his right and remove his thrust therewith. Immediately stab nimbly at this face and step back into a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|005r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|005r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213r.jpg|German|lbl=213r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 192r.png|German|lbl=192r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|005r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|005r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213r.jpg|Latin|lbl=213r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 192r.png|Latin|lbl=192r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 5,914: Line 5,947:
 
If he desires to shove you thus from himself, so step in with your left<ref>Vienna and Munich MS Latin: right.</ref> leg and grab with your left hand on his left. Press therewith under yourself, thus you will free yourself from him. Immediately thrust him nimbly in his face and simultaneously in the thrust grab with your left hand under his right armpit and shove him with strength from you.
 
If he desires to shove you thus from himself, so step in with your left<ref>Vienna and Munich MS Latin: right.</ref> leg and grab with your left hand on his left. Press therewith under yourself, thus you will free yourself from him. Immediately thrust him nimbly in his face and simultaneously in the thrust grab with your left hand under his right armpit and shove him with strength from you.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|005v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|005v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213v.jpg|German|lbl=213v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 192v.png|German|lbl=192v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|005v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|005v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213v.jpg|Latin|lbl=213v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 192v.png|Latin|lbl=192v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 5,931: Line 5,964:
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so set your right leg back and set it off from inside out so that the dagger lies on your right arm. Immediately step in with your right leg again and with the left spring out on his right side so you have a complete thrust at him. Immediately change yourself doubly back from him.
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so set your right leg back and set it off from inside out so that the dagger lies on your right arm. Immediately step in with your right leg again and with the left spring out on his right side so you have a complete thrust at him. Immediately change yourself doubly back from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|006r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|006r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214r.jpg|German|lbl=214r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 193r.png|German|lbl=193r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|006r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|006r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214r.jpg|Latin|lbl=214r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 193r.png|Latin|lbl=193r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 5,948: Line 5,981:
 
If he thus stabs in doubly, so take that away from your right side and spring with your left foot behind him on his right side; immediately snatch his right arm and stab and shove him therewith from you.
 
If he thus stabs in doubly, so take that away from your right side and spring with your left foot behind him on his right side; immediately snatch his right arm and stab and shove him therewith from you.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|006v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|006v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214v.jpg|German|lbl=214v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 193v.png|German|lbl=193v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|006v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|006v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214v.jpg|Latin|lbl=214v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 193v.png|Latin|lbl=193v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|37r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|37r|png}}
  
Line 5,965: Line 5,998:
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so follow with your body powerfully in towards [him] as if you want to fall on him. Immediately grab with your left hand on his left elbow inwardly and shove him therewith from you, so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand behind around his body and with the right between both his legs and throw him in front of yourself, out and away.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so follow with your body powerfully in towards [him] as if you want to fall on him. Immediately grab with your left hand on his left elbow inwardly and shove him therewith from you, so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand behind around his body and with the right between both his legs and throw him in front of yourself, out and away.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.jpg|German|lbl=215r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 194r.png|German|lbl=194r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|007r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|007r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.jpg|Latin|lbl=215r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 194r.png|Latin|lbl=194r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 5,983: Line 6,016:
 
If he thus thrusts below at you, so set your right leg back and take away his thrust with the left hand; and with the right stab at his breast. Immediately nimbly step doubly back in [toward him] so that you have your thumb out on the rondel. Immediately snatch<ref>Latin: snatch up.</ref> his right arm and thrust at his throat, pull back [withdraw] therewith in a good stance.
 
If he thus thrusts below at you, so set your right leg back and take away his thrust with the left hand; and with the right stab at his breast. Immediately nimbly step doubly back in [toward him] so that you have your thumb out on the rondel. Immediately snatch<ref>Latin: snatch up.</ref> his right arm and thrust at his throat, pull back [withdraw] therewith in a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|007v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.jpg|German|lbl=215v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 194v.png|German|lbl=194v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|007v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|007v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.jpg|Latin|lbl=215v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 194v.png|Latin|lbl=194v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|37v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|37v|png}}
  
Line 6,002: Line 6,035:
 
If he desires thus to break your arm, so step with your left leg behind his right and set your left hand behind his right elbow, so you throw him on his left side and become free of the arm break without any harm.
 
If he desires thus to break your arm, so step with your left leg behind his right and set your left hand behind his right elbow, so you throw him on his left side and become free of the arm break without any harm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|008r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|008r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216r.jpg|German|lbl=216r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 195r.png|German|lbl=195r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|008r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|008r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216r.jpg|Latin|lbl=216r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 195r.png|Latin|lbl=195r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,019: Line 6,052:
 
If he thus stabs you a double one, so step with your right leg well into him and take that away with your half dagger. Immediately wind through to him in front of his face and thrust in doubly therewith.
 
If he thus stabs you a double one, so step with your right leg well into him and take that away with your half dagger. Immediately wind through to him in front of his face and thrust in doubly therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|008v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|008v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216v.jpg|German|lbl=216v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 195v.png|German|lbl=195v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|008v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|008v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216v.jpg|Latin|lbl=216v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 195v.png|Latin|lbl=195v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,034: Line 6,067:
 
If he is thus set on to you above and below and desires to throw you, so turn yourself immediately nimbly on your right side and grab him with your left hand above on his right; press therewith strongly under him so you will be free of him. Immediately set your left foot in front, seize him by his left arm and stab him to his throat. If he sets off the stab, so wind nimbly doubly through and stab him in his face. Immediately shove him from you therewith.
 
If he is thus set on to you above and below and desires to throw you, so turn yourself immediately nimbly on your right side and grab him with your left hand above on his right; press therewith strongly under him so you will be free of him. Immediately set your left foot in front, seize him by his left arm and stab him to his throat. If he sets off the stab, so wind nimbly doubly through and stab him in his face. Immediately shove him from you therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|009r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|009r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217r.jpg|German|lbl=217r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 196r.png|German|lbl=196r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|009r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|009r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217r.jpg|Latin|lbl=217r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 196r.png|Latin|lbl=196r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,053: Line 6,086:
 
If he thus stabs in at you above thus take it away from him with your dagger on your right arm from inside and outside. Immediately tug as if you would like to thrust to his face and change your dagger out of your right hand into your left. Immediately step with your right foot toward him and thrust to his genitals. Step therewith twice back away from him.
 
If he thus stabs in at you above thus take it away from him with your dagger on your right arm from inside and outside. Immediately tug as if you would like to thrust to his face and change your dagger out of your right hand into your left. Immediately step with your right foot toward him and thrust to his genitals. Step therewith twice back away from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|009v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|009v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217v.jpg|German|lbl=217v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 196v.png|German|lbl=196v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|009v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|009v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217v.jpg|Latin|lbl=217v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 196v.png|Latin|lbl=196v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,072: Line 6,105:
 
If he should thus thrusts twice at you thus nimbly snatch with your left hand his right. Immediately change twice through at his breast and step therewith back in a good setting aside.<ref>May not represent the changing though described.</ref>
 
If he should thus thrusts twice at you thus nimbly snatch with your left hand his right. Immediately change twice through at his breast and step therewith back in a good setting aside.<ref>May not represent the changing though described.</ref>
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|010r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|010r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218r.jpg|German|lbl=218r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 197r.png|German|lbl=197r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|010r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|010r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218r.jpg|Latin|lbl=218r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 197r.png|Latin|lbl=197r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,086: Line 6,119:
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this approach: stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with this right foot forward and thrusts at your face, thus grip [grab] with your left hand well in front on his right [hand?], thus his stab is set aside. Immediately travel with your right hand with the dagger round his right leg well into the hollow of his knee and tug [pull] therewith around well toward yourself. Pull with [the dagger] below well toward yourself and shove above from yourself thus you throw him back.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this approach: stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with this right foot forward and thrusts at your face, thus grip [grab] with your left hand well in front on his right [hand?], thus his stab is set aside. Immediately travel with your right hand with the dagger round his right leg well into the hollow of his knee and tug [pull] therewith around well toward yourself. Pull with [the dagger] below well toward yourself and shove above from yourself thus you throw him back.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|010v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|010v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.jpg|German|lbl=218v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 197v.png|German|lbl=197v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|010v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|010v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.jpg|Latin|lbl=218v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 197v.png|Latin|lbl=197v}}
 
|   
 
|   
  
Line 6,109: Line 6,142:
 
If he has thus taken your dagger, so travel to him with your right hand forward around his throat so you throw him over your right leg.
 
If he has thus taken your dagger, so travel to him with your right hand forward around his throat so you throw him over your right leg.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|011r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|011r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219r.jpg|German|lbl=219r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 198r.png|German|lbl=198r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|011r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|011r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219r.jpg|Latin|lbl=219r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 198r.png|Latin|lbl=198r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,128: Line 6,161:
 
If he thus thrusts at you, so set your left leg back and set him aside with your dagger blade from one side to the other. Immediately take two steps towards him and stab him below and above at his openings.
 
If he thus thrusts at you, so set your left leg back and set him aside with your dagger blade from one side to the other. Immediately take two steps towards him and stab him below and above at his openings.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|011v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|011v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219v.jpg|German|lbl=219v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 198v.png|German|lbl=198v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|011v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|011v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219v.jpg|Latin|lbl=219v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 198v.png|Latin|lbl=198v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,147: Line 6,180:
 
If you want to counter that, so release your right hand from your dagger and grip therewith well under his left elbow.<ref>Note: left is corrected from a right. Left is correct.</ref> Immediately shove strongly away from yourself so you can throw him and so you will be free from his hurts.
 
If you want to counter that, so release your right hand from your dagger and grip therewith well under his left elbow.<ref>Note: left is corrected from a right. Left is correct.</ref> Immediately shove strongly away from yourself so you can throw him and so you will be free from his hurts.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|012r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|012r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220r.jpg|German|lbl=220r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 199r.png|German|lbl=199r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|012r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|012r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220r.jpg|Latin|lbl=220r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 199r.png|Latin|lbl=199r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,162: Line 6,195:
 
If you want to prevent him breaking the arm, so let your dagger also fall and grip with your left hand forward on his right. Press therewith below him thus you will be free of the arm break. Immediately step with your left leg in front of his right and seize him with your left hand by his neck so you will throw him over the same leg.
 
If you want to prevent him breaking the arm, so let your dagger also fall and grip with your left hand forward on his right. Press therewith below him thus you will be free of the arm break. Immediately step with your left leg in front of his right and seize him with your left hand by his neck so you will throw him over the same leg.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|012v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|012v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220v.jpg|German|lbl=220v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 199v.png|German|lbl=199v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|012v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|012v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220v.jpg|Latin|lbl=220v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 199v.png|Latin|lbl=199v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,181: Line 6,214:
 
If he wishes thus to throw you, so release your right hand from your dagger and set to him well under his left arm pit. Shove him therewith over himself from you. Immediately stab him with your left hand at his face so you will be free of his.
 
If he wishes thus to throw you, so release your right hand from your dagger and set to him well under his left arm pit. Shove him therewith over himself from you. Immediately stab him with your left hand at his face so you will be free of his.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|013r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|013r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221r.jpg|German|lbl=221r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 200r.png|German|lbl=200r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|013r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|013r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221r.jpg|Latin|lbl=221r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 200r.png|Latin|lbl=200r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,200: Line 6,233:
 
If he stabs thus at you so lay your dagger blade on your arm and take that away therewith. Immediately nimbly take two steps forward and seek the closest opening. If he sets off this of yours so tug above and thrust below at him at his genitals. Immediately set your left leg behind his right and rotate<ref>From the Latin text</ref> yourself therewith back away from him.
 
If he stabs thus at you so lay your dagger blade on your arm and take that away therewith. Immediately nimbly take two steps forward and seek the closest opening. If he sets off this of yours so tug above and thrust below at him at his genitals. Immediately set your left leg behind his right and rotate<ref>From the Latin text</ref> yourself therewith back away from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|013v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|013v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.jpg|German|lbl=221v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 200v.png|German|lbl=200v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|013v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|013v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.jpg|Latin|lbl=221v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 200v.png|Latin|lbl=200v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,223: Line 6,256:
 
If he has taken your dagger, so step with your right foot behind his left, immediately set with your right hand forward on this throat and with the left between his genitals and throw him back therewith.
 
If he has taken your dagger, so step with your right foot behind his left, immediately set with your right hand forward on this throat and with the left between his genitals and throw him back therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222r.jpg|German|lbl=222r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201r.png|German|lbl=201r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222r.jpg|Latin|lbl=222r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201r.png|Latin|lbl=201r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,243: Line 6,276:
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step back with your right leg and set that aside in front on your dagger. Immediately allow your dagger to nimbly attack from above with winding and stab his right side. And step therewith back into a good stance.
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step back with your right leg and set that aside in front on your dagger. Immediately allow your dagger to nimbly attack from above with winding and stab his right side. And step therewith back into a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222v.jpg|German|lbl=222v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201v.png|German|lbl=201v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222v.jpg|Latin|lbl=222v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201v.png|Latin|lbl=201v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,264: Line 6,297:
 
If he has thus wound over you, so grip with your left hand in front on his left and with the right on his dagger by his grip, so he must then release the dagger to you. Immediately tear him [it] away and stab him doubly at his face. Tug<ref>zucken; Latin – to withdraw</ref> therewith back with a good stance.
 
If he has thus wound over you, so grip with your left hand in front on his left and with the right on his dagger by his grip, so he must then release the dagger to you. Immediately tear him [it] away and stab him doubly at his face. Tug<ref>zucken; Latin – to withdraw</ref> therewith back with a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg|German|lbl=223r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202r.png|German|lbl=202r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg|Latin|lbl=223r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202r.png|Latin|lbl=202r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38r|png}}
  
Line 6,285: Line 6,318:
 
If you have thus both grabbed each other let your dagger fall and press both his hands together. Immediately turn yourself with your left shoulder under both his arms so you may throw him or break the arm.
 
If you have thus both grabbed each other let your dagger fall and press both his hands together. Immediately turn yourself with your left shoulder under both his arms so you may throw him or break the arm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223v.jpg|German|lbl=223v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202v.png|German|lbl=202v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223v.jpg|Latin|lbl=223v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202v.png|Latin|lbl=202v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,304: Line 6,337:
 
If you want to break that, so attack with your left hand his chin in front shove therewith strongly behind him so he must let you go or you throw him.
 
If you want to break that, so attack with your left hand his chin in front shove therewith strongly behind him so he must let you go or you throw him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224r.jpg|German|lbl=224r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203r.png|German|lbl=203r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224r.jpg|Latin|lbl=224r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203r.png|Latin|lbl=203r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,323: Line 6,356:
 
So if you both have thus set on one another, so let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand at his right leg and with your left under his left armpit with crossed arms so you may throw him from the shears.
 
So if you both have thus set on one another, so let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand at his right leg and with your left under his left armpit with crossed arms so you may throw him from the shears.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224v.jpg|German|lbl=224v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203v.png|German|lbl=203v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224v.jpg|Latin|lbl=224v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203v.png|Latin|lbl=203v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,342: Line 6,375:
 
If he thus desires to break your arm, so set your right leg inwardly in front of his right. Immediately grip with your left hand well behind his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of [his] grip. Immediately step doubly at him and stab at his face.
 
If he thus desires to break your arm, so set your right leg inwardly in front of his right. Immediately grip with your left hand well behind his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of [his] grip. Immediately step doubly at him and stab at his face.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg|German|lbl=225r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204r.png|German|lbl=204r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg|Latin|lbl=225r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204r.png|Latin|lbl=204r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,361: Line 6,394:
 
If he stabs thus above at you, so take that of his away from the shears with your left arm. Immediately set your dagger to him at his neck. Strike him below at his heels and throw him backwards therewith.
 
If he stabs thus above at you, so take that of his away from the shears with your left arm. Immediately set your dagger to him at his neck. Strike him below at his heels and throw him backwards therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225v.jpg|German|lbl=225v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204v.png|German|lbl=204v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225v.jpg|Latin|lbl=225v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204v.png|Latin|lbl=204v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39r|png}}
  
Line 6,382: Line 6,415:
 
If he then tears at you and stabs thus at you, so take away his stab. Immediately spring with your right foot well on his right side and stab him therewith at his neck. And pull yourself back from him into the change.
 
If he then tears at you and stabs thus at you, so take away his stab. Immediately spring with your right foot well on his right side and stab him therewith at his neck. And pull yourself back from him into the change.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226r.jpg|German|lbl=226r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205r.png|German|lbl=205r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226r.jpg|Latin|lbl=226r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205r.png|Latin|lbl=205r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,399: Line 6,432:
 
Immediately grip in with your left hand between his legs so you can turn him and you can also throw him therewith.
 
Immediately grip in with your left hand between his legs so you can turn him and you can also throw him therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226v.jpg|German|lbl=226v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205v.png|German|lbl=205v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226v.jpg|Latin|lbl=226v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205v.png|Latin|lbl=205v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,416: Line 6,449:
 
If you want to break that, so grip with your left hand in front on his left, free your dagger therewith [so] that you<ref>''Inn'' - unclear whether directional or locational.</ref> come in over both his hands and set to him behind his right elbow. Shove him therewith on his right side so you break all his work. Immediately spring with your left foot well on his right side and stab him therewith behind at his neck. Immediately pull yourself back into the Change away from him.
 
If you want to break that, so grip with your left hand in front on his left, free your dagger therewith [so] that you<ref>''Inn'' - unclear whether directional or locational.</ref> come in over both his hands and set to him behind his right elbow. Shove him therewith on his right side so you break all his work. Immediately spring with your left foot well on his right side and stab him therewith behind at his neck. Immediately pull yourself back into the Change away from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg|German|lbl=227r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206r.png|German|lbl=206r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg|Latin|lbl=227r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206r.png|Latin|lbl=206r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,433: Line 6,466:
 
If he has you thus locked, so grip with your left hand behind his right elbow and tug down also strongly to yourself so you may throw him or break his arm.
 
If he has you thus locked, so grip with your left hand behind his right elbow and tug down also strongly to yourself so you may throw him or break his arm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227v.jpg|German|lbl=227v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206v.png|German|lbl=206v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227v.jpg|Latin|lbl=227v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206v.png|Latin|lbl=206v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,452: Line 6,485:
 
If he thus thrusts at your face, so take that away from him on your right side with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately spring with your right foot on his right side and stab him behind at his neck or his right side. Change yourself thus twice back from him.
 
If he thus thrusts at your face, so take that away from him on your right side with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately spring with your right foot on his right side and stab him behind at his neck or his right side. Change yourself thus twice back from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228r.jpg|German|lbl=228r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207r.png|German|lbl=207r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228r.jpg|Latin|lbl=228r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207r.png|Latin|lbl=207r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,473: Line 6,506:
 
If he then tears after you, so step again with your right leg and set aside his stab with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately stab him at his face and turn yourself therewith back from him.
 
If he then tears after you, so step again with your right leg and set aside his stab with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately stab him at his face and turn yourself therewith back from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228v.jpg|German|lbl=228v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207v.png|German|lbl=207v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228v.jpg|Latin|lbl=228v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207v.png|Latin|lbl=207v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,492: Line 6,525:
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so stab him with the dagger in your left hand - which you have taken from him - strongly to his face so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger<ref>The one in the left hand?</ref> fall and set your left foot behind his right and grip him with your left hand around his neck so you will throw him over that same leg. And [so] all his work is countered.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so stab him with the dagger in your left hand - which you have taken from him - strongly to his face so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger<ref>The one in the left hand?</ref> fall and set your left foot behind his right and grip him with your left hand around his neck so you will throw him over that same leg. And [so] all his work is countered.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg|German|lbl=229r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208r.png|German|lbl=208r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg|Latin|lbl=229r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208r.png|Latin|lbl=208r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38v|png}}
  
Line 6,513: Line 6,546:
 
If he has thus set upon you and wishes to make himself free, so follow after him with your left leg and shove him below and above well over himself so you throw him back.
 
If he has thus set upon you and wishes to make himself free, so follow after him with your left leg and shove him below and above well over himself so you throw him back.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229v.jpg|German|lbl=229v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208v.png|German|lbl=208v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229v.jpg|Latin|lbl=229v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208v.png|Latin|lbl=208v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39v|png}}
  
Line 6,530: Line 6,563:
 
If he takes that away from you, so step with your left leg between both his legs. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand his right arm and with the right at his left turn him therewith away from you. Immediately grab with your right hand nimbly below at his right arm, the left around his neck, thus you break his arm or you throw him over your left leg.
 
If he takes that away from you, so step with your left leg between both his legs. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand his right arm and with the right at his left turn him therewith away from you. Immediately grab with your right hand nimbly below at his right arm, the left around his neck, thus you break his arm or you throw him over your left leg.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230r.jpg|German|lbl=230r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209r.png|German|lbl=209r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230r.jpg|Latin|lbl=230r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209r.png|Latin|lbl=209r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,545: Line 6,578:
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so let your dagger nimbly fall and grab him with both arms on his chest in under the armpits. Immediately press his head under himself with your chest and set yourself well low in the Scales so you will throw him over his head out and away.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so let your dagger nimbly fall and grab him with both arms on his chest in under the armpits. Immediately press his head under himself with your chest and set yourself well low in the Scales so you will throw him over his head out and away.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230v.jpg|German|lbl=230v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209v.png|German|lbl=209v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230v.jpg|Latin|lbl=230v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209v.png|Latin|lbl=209v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,560: Line 6,593:
 
If he wants thus to break your arm, so bend yourself well under yourself and grab with your left hand on his left leg. Heave therewith well over itself so he must release you, and throw him.
 
If he wants thus to break your arm, so bend yourself well under yourself and grab with your left hand on his left leg. Heave therewith well over itself so he must release you, and throw him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231r.jpg|German|lbl=231r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210r.png|German|lbl=210r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231r.jpg|Latin|lbl=231r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210r.png|Latin|lbl=210r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,575: Line 6,608:
 
If he then stands thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him from inside at his breast. Immediately travel to him with your left hand with the dagger well behind over his right arm so that the dagger stands in front by his right arm pit. Immediately grab him with your right hand from outside around his right leg; heave herewith well over itself and push above under itself so you will throw him and he can come to no more work.
 
If he then stands thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him from inside at his breast. Immediately travel to him with your left hand with the dagger well behind over his right arm so that the dagger stands in front by his right arm pit. Immediately grab him with your right hand from outside around his right leg; heave herewith well over itself and push above under itself so you will throw him and he can come to no more work.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231v.jpg|German|lbl=231v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210v.png|German|lbl=210v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231v.jpg|Latin|lbl=231v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210v.png|Latin|lbl=210v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,592: Line 6,625:
 
If he thus stabs you at your genitals, so nimbly snatch his right hand with your left and throw him therewith in front of himself on his face.
 
If he thus stabs you at your genitals, so nimbly snatch his right hand with your left and throw him therewith in front of himself on his face.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232r.jpg|German|lbl=232r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211r.png|German|lbl=211r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232r.jpg|Latin|lbl=232r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211r.png|Latin|lbl=211r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,607: Line 6,640:
 
When you both have fallen so that his head comes between both your legs, immediately grab with your left hand between his genitals and with your right [hand] under his right armpit over his right arm so that his dagger lies over your arm, and kneel on his breast well by his neck so that you also trap his left hand with your leg. And if he strikes his right foot around the neck, so press him with your left hand at his genitals well under himself, so you hold him captive and he can do you no harm.
 
When you both have fallen so that his head comes between both your legs, immediately grab with your left hand between his genitals and with your right [hand] under his right armpit over his right arm so that his dagger lies over your arm, and kneel on his breast well by his neck so that you also trap his left hand with your leg. And if he strikes his right foot around the neck, so press him with your left hand at his genitals well under himself, so you hold him captive and he can do you no harm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg|German|lbl=232v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211v.png|German|lbl=211v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg|Latin|lbl=232v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211v.png|Latin|lbl=211v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,624: Line 6,657:
 
If he he thus seized you above and below, so grab with your left [hand] and inwardly on his arm and thrust therewith strongly under itself, and with the high stab [thrust] strongly at the face or the breast so you make yourself free from the throw.
 
If he he thus seized you above and below, so grab with your left [hand] and inwardly on his arm and thrust therewith strongly under itself, and with the high stab [thrust] strongly at the face or the breast so you make yourself free from the throw.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233r.jpg|German|lbl=233r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212r.png|German|lbl=212r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233r.jpg|Latin|lbl=233r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212r.png|Latin|lbl=212r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,645: Line 6,678:
 
If he has thus seized you by the neck and wants to pull you with him in falling, so release your left hand from his right and strike with your left inwardly in the middle of his arm on your left side so he must let go the arm which he has he has thrown around your neck and you escape the fall.
 
If he has thus seized you by the neck and wants to pull you with him in falling, so release your left hand from his right and strike with your left inwardly in the middle of his arm on your left side so he must let go the arm which he has he has thrown around your neck and you escape the fall.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233v.jpg|German|lbl=233v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212v.png|German|lbl=212v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233v.jpg|Latin|lbl=233v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212v.png|Latin|lbl=212v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,662: Line 6,695:
 
If he has seized you above and pulled you thus under yourself in front of yourself so twist your right arm and stab from above behind [immediately or in forward] on his left arm and grab therewith with your left inward well in front on the arm by his hand and shove therewith strongly on the side from you and in that so wind yourself with your body from your left side on your right well under through so you wind yourself thus [away] from him.
 
If he has seized you above and pulled you thus under yourself in front of yourself so twist your right arm and stab from above behind [immediately or in forward] on his left arm and grab therewith with your left inward well in front on the arm by his hand and shove therewith strongly on the side from you and in that so wind yourself with your body from your left side on your right well under through so you wind yourself thus [away] from him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg|German|lbl=234r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213r.png|German|lbl=213r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg|Latin|lbl=234r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213r.png|Latin|lbl=213r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,679: Line 6,712:
 
If he stabs thus at you, and you with crossed arms stand thus in the low Scales, so go against with the left hand on his right arm, and seize him well by the elbow and step therewith with your left leg outwardly in front of his right, and stab him therewith with your dagger well outward, in through under the back of his knee and heave therewith with the arm well over itself, and with the left, shove above his right well from you, so he must fall backward; then he is trapped above and below, and brought into difficulties.
 
If he stabs thus at you, and you with crossed arms stand thus in the low Scales, so go against with the left hand on his right arm, and seize him well by the elbow and step therewith with your left leg outwardly in front of his right, and stab him therewith with your dagger well outward, in through under the back of his knee and heave therewith with the arm well over itself, and with the left, shove above his right well from you, so he must fall backward; then he is trapped above and below, and brought into difficulties.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234v.jpg|German|lbl=234v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213v.png|German|lbl=213v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234v.jpg|Latin|lbl=234v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213v.png|Latin|lbl=213v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,692: Line 6,725:
 
Item: If one meets you thus in the onset, and you stand with your left foot forward, and he stabs you thus at the body, so step with your left foot against him and grab in nimbly with your left hand at his right arm, and push therewith strongly under itself, so you take away his stab. If he then thus takes away your stab, so spring with your right behind his left foot and stab him [in that] nimbly at his face; so that you all can also work at one another.
 
Item: If one meets you thus in the onset, and you stand with your left foot forward, and he stabs you thus at the body, so step with your left foot against him and grab in nimbly with your left hand at his right arm, and push therewith strongly under itself, so you take away his stab. If he then thus takes away your stab, so spring with your right behind his left foot and stab him [in that] nimbly at his face; so that you all can also work at one another.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235r.jpg|German|lbl=235r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214r.png|German|lbl=214r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235r.jpg|Latin|lbl=235r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214r.png|Latin|lbl=214r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,707: Line 6,740:
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring immediately nimbly with your left behind his right foot and grab with your left hand nimbly at his neck. So you will be free of the arm break and you work yourself away from him.
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring immediately nimbly with your left behind his right foot and grab with your left hand nimbly at his neck. So you will be free of the arm break and you work yourself away from him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235v.jpg|German|lbl=235v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214v.png|German|lbl=214v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235v.jpg|Latin|lbl=235v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214v.png|Latin|lbl=214v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,724: Line 6,757:
 
Let the dagger sink nimbly in the hand on your right arm so you take away his stab.
 
Let the dagger sink nimbly in the hand on your right arm so you take away his stab.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236r.jpg|German|lbl=236r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.png|German|lbl=215r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236r.jpg|Latin|lbl=236r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.png|Latin|lbl=215r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,739: Line 6,772:
 
[If he belabors you thusly] [If he works thus toward you] If he thus sets you up, so step immediately swiftly with your right in front of his left foot. And travel with your left arm well above itself at stab at him. [?] you to him [?] can. so you can become free of him.
 
[If he belabors you thusly] [If he works thus toward you] If he thus sets you up, so step immediately swiftly with your right in front of his left foot. And travel with your left arm well above itself at stab at him. [?] you to him [?] can. so you can become free of him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236v.jpg|German|lbl=236v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.png|German|lbl=215v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236v.jpg|Latin|lbl=236v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.png|Latin|lbl=215v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,754: Line 6,787:
 
If he has you thus, so grab with your left [hand] inwardly at his right hand next to the dagger and press from above with your right his left arm well under itself so you save [defend] yourself from his stab.
 
If he has you thus, so grab with your left [hand] inwardly at his right hand next to the dagger and press from above with your right his left arm well under itself so you save [defend] yourself from his stab.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237r.jpg|German|lbl=237r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216r.png|German|lbl=216r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237r.jpg|Latin|lbl=237r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216r.png|Latin|lbl=216r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,771: Line 6,804:
 
If he has thus caught you with the dagger, so step with your right in front of his right foot and travel with your left at the dagger pommel and twist yourself over it so you free yourself from the arm break.
 
If he has thus caught you with the dagger, so step with your right in front of his right foot and travel with your left at the dagger pommel and twist yourself over it so you free yourself from the arm break.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237v.jpg|German|lbl=237v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216v.png|German|lbl=216v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237v.jpg|Latin|lbl=237v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216v.png|Latin|lbl=216v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,788: Line 6,821:
 
If he thus stabs at you, so spring with your left behind his right foot and pull him by the left shoulder strongly to you so he has to give up from his stab and you move him under yourself.
 
If he thus stabs at you, so spring with your left behind his right foot and pull him by the left shoulder strongly to you so he has to give up from his stab and you move him under yourself.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238r.jpg|German|lbl=238r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217r.png|German|lbl=217r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238r.jpg|Latin|lbl=238r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217r.png|Latin|lbl=217r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,803: Line 6,836:
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring quickly with your right foot into a triangle and with the left foot back and stab with your right hand at his body so you make yourself free of him.
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring quickly with your right foot into a triangle and with the left foot back and stab with your right hand at his body so you make yourself free of him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238v.jpg|German|lbl=238v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217v.png|German|lbl=217v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238v.jpg|Latin|lbl=238v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217v.png|Latin|lbl=217v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,820: Line 6,853:
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring with your right foot into [the] triangle and give [set] yourself with your entire body under itself into the Scales so you all come free of each other.
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring with your right foot into [the] triangle and give [set] yourself with your entire body under itself into the Scales so you all come free of each other.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239r.jpg|German|lbl=239r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218r.png|German|lbl=218r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239r.jpg|Latin|lbl=239r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218r.png|Latin|lbl=218r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,834: Line 6,867:
 
If he has thus attacked you, so step with your left foot back into the triangle so both of you can come again to free working [free running, free action][unobstructed action].
 
If he has thus attacked you, so step with your left foot back into the triangle so both of you can come again to free working [free running, free action][unobstructed action].
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239v.jpg|German|lbl=239v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.png|German|lbl=218v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239v.jpg|Latin|lbl=239v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.png|Latin|lbl=218v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,849: Line 6,882:
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step with your left foot forward, let the dagger sink onto the right arm and thrust therewith his caught stab well in front of [him or itself]. Immediately let the dagger nimbly fall and grab with both hands from above in front of his two arms; press therewith strongly under yourself and spring with your right behind his left foot and throw him on the side.
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step with your left foot forward, let the dagger sink onto the right arm and thrust therewith his caught stab well in front of [him or itself]. Immediately let the dagger nimbly fall and grab with both hands from above in front of his two arms; press therewith strongly under yourself and spring with your right behind his left foot and throw him on the side.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240r.jpg|German|lbl=240r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219r.png|German|lbl=219r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240r.jpg|Latin|lbl=240r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219r.png|Latin|lbl=219r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,864: Line 6,897:
 
If he has thus seized you, so step with your right foot inwardly [inside of] his right foot and fall to him with both hands on his two arms; push him strongly on the side so you throw him under yourself.
 
If he has thus seized you, so step with your right foot inwardly [inside of] his right foot and fall to him with both hands on his two arms; push him strongly on the side so you throw him under yourself.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240v.jpg|German|lbl=240v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219v.png|German|lbl=219v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240v.jpg|Latin|lbl=240v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219v.png|Latin|lbl=219v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,879: Line 6,912:
 
If he thus wants to make himself, free so stab him from above at the face, and travel fully in, stab him with the dagger at his right side around the neck, and travel with your left hand in front under through and seize the point of the dagger, spring with your right behind with his right foot and tug therewith strongly from above down to you, so you throw him in front of your right foot.
 
If he thus wants to make himself, free so stab him from above at the face, and travel fully in, stab him with the dagger at his right side around the neck, and travel with your left hand in front under through and seize the point of the dagger, spring with your right behind with his right foot and tug therewith strongly from above down to you, so you throw him in front of your right foot.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241r.jpg|German|lbl=241r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220r.png|German|lbl=220r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241r.jpg|Latin|lbl=241r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220r.png|Latin|lbl=220r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,894: Line 6,927:
 
If he stabs thus at you, so set aside the stab with the elbow step with your left foot in front of his left foot and travel nimbly to him with your dagger around his neck, and spring with your right behind his right foot and tug him therewith by the neck well under himself in the Scales, so you will throw him over the right leg.
 
If he stabs thus at you, so set aside the stab with the elbow step with your left foot in front of his left foot and travel nimbly to him with your dagger around his neck, and spring with your right behind his right foot and tug him therewith by the neck well under himself in the Scales, so you will throw him over the right leg.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241v.jpg|German|lbl=241v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220v.png|German|lbl=220v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241v.jpg|Latin|lbl=241v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220v.png|Latin|lbl=220v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,909: Line 6,942:
 
If he thrusts thus at you, so travel with both crossed arms over themselves and set aside the stab therewith. Step immediately nimbly with your right in front of his right foot and do to him what you can.
 
If he thrusts thus at you, so travel with both crossed arms over themselves and set aside the stab therewith. Step immediately nimbly with your right in front of his right foot and do to him what you can.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242r.jpg|German|lbl=242r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221r.png|German|lbl=221r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242r.jpg|Latin|lbl=242r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221r.png|Latin|lbl=221r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,924: Line 6,957:
 
If he encounters you thus and you stand equally upright in front of him, so step with your right foot back, you step out of the grab-and-stab. Immediately, so spring with your left foot in triangle and stab at his body.
 
If he encounters you thus and you stand equally upright in front of him, so step with your right foot back, you step out of the grab-and-stab. Immediately, so spring with your left foot in triangle and stab at his body.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242v.jpg|German|lbl=242v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.png|German|lbl=221v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242v.jpg|Latin|lbl=242v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.png|Latin|lbl=221v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,936: Line 6,969:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|b}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|b}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Eric Mains]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 8,977: Line 9,010:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]] and [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Keith P. Myers]] and [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Pierre-Henry Bas]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 10,188: Line 10,221:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>by [[Jan Gosewinkel]], [[Oliver Janseps]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Jan Gosewinkel]], [[Oliver Janseps]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 10,398: Line 10,431:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 01.png|800px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 01.png|800px|center]]
| <p>[1] </p>
+
| <p>[1] '''A fight where the foot soldier has a pike and the rider a lance.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If it were to happen that a mounted opponent rides toward you in order to harm you, then put the back end of the pike in the ground and point the front end toward the opponent. Above all, make sure to be able to use the pike on both sides, so that if your mounted opponent comes at you wielding a lance you can defend yourself against him on both sides. When he engages you, you strike away his lance from your right to your left side. If he continues forward you direct you pike into his face, and he will throw himself off the saddle. Then you can draw your rapier and do whatever you wish to him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|269r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|269r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 280v281r.png|German|lbl=280v281r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 280v281r.png|German|lbl=280v281r}}
Line 10,420: Line 10,455:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 02.png|800px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 02.png|800px|center]]
| <p>[2] </p>
+
| <p>[2] '''How a rider is to evade the pike of a foot-soldier.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is what you do against the rider: Step forward with your left foot and hold the pike with both hands on your right side, with the point toward the opponent, and from here you continue forward with your right foot and turn the point into his face. If you, being the rider, see the opponent doing this to you, then fasten the reins in the hook by the belt, and remove the lance from the arret and hold it across(before you) with both hands, and remove the opponent's thrust thus between both your hands to your left, and then you insert the lance again into the arret, i.e. the lance rest, a hook being there to prevent the lance from going backwards under your arm, and then you engage your opponent at full speed and run him down.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|269v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|269v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 282v283r.png|German|lbl=282v283r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 282v283r.png|German|lbl=282v283r}}
Line 10,429: Line 10,466:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 03.png|800px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 03.png|800px|center]]
| <p>[3] </p>
+
| <p>[3] '''A free thrust with the pike against a rider with a lance.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you use the pike in this device: If you see the rider coming at you, and you are on foot, then stand with your left foot forward and hold the pike with the left hand by the chest in free position, and with the right hand on the back end, point toward the opponent. If he then attacks you with his lance, then turn the pike from your left side to his right so that you remove his lance. Then you take a step forward with the right foot and thrust forcefully with the pike into his face. Then, make sure that the back end of the pike is in the ground for good defence, so that the rider cannot hurt you in any way.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|270r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|270r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 284v285r.png|German|lbl=284v285r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 284v285r.png|German|lbl=284v285r}}
Line 10,438: Line 10,477:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 04.png|800px|center]]
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 04.png|800px|center]]
| <p>[4] </p>
+
| <p>[4] '''A battle device where the rider is using a sword and lance at the same time against a footman with a pike.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you defend yourself with your pike against an attacking rider: Step forward with your left foot and hold your pike with the point aimed toward the opponent for a thrust. If your opponent on foot does this towards you, you spur your horse toward him and touch his lance by the front part, and remove his thrust to your right, and simultaneously as you parry, you turn the horse toward the opponent, and put his pike into your right armpit, drop the lance out of the lance rest, spur the horse toward the opponent, draw your sword and run him through with it.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|270v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|270v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 285v.png|German|lbl=285v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 285v.png|German|lbl=285v}}
Line 10,448: Line 10,489:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 05.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 05.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[5] </p>
+
| <p>[5] '''A fight where the footman uses halberd against a rider with lance.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If you wish to obtain the victory in this device, you must do as follows: If a rider rides at you with his lance, you step forward with your left foot and hold the halberd with the axe head toward him, and if he attacks with his lance, you hook the lance with your halberd and raise it, and you have averted his thrust. Then you thrust with the point into his face as hard as you can. If a footman does this to you, being the rider, and you cannot use your lance, you throw it out of your lance rest and turn the horse to the left, draw your sword and strike at his halberd, and you have parried his attack thus. Then you spur your horse toward him and run him through with the sword.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|271r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|271r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 286r.png|German|lbl=286r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 286r.png|German|lbl=286r}}
Line 10,458: Line 10,501:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 06.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 06.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[6] </p>
+
| <p>[6] '''Another device as the previous.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you use the halberd in this device against a horseman with a lance: If the rider comes at you with his lance, then step with your left foot forward toward the opponent's right side and strike at the front end of his lance with your halberd from your left side to his right, and you have averted his attack. If you then press down his lance, you will force the rider to fall to the ground struck backwards, and he cannot harm you anymore. If you do this, make sure to press down the lance swiftly with the halberd, so that he strikes himself off the saddle. Then you may fight against him however you want.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|271v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|271v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 286v.png|German|lbl=286v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 286v.png|German|lbl=286v}}
Line 10,468: Line 10,513:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 07.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 07.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[7] </p>
+
| <p>[7] '''Fight where the rider has a lance against an opponent on foot with a halberd.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this device you do as follows: Hold your lance over your right leg and ride towards your opponent, and put the lance in the arret. If you are on foot and standing with your left leg forward, holding your halberd for a strike from above while waiting for your opponent, and when he then gets close, you direct a strike from your left side to his right against his lance and press it down hard, and if you then step with your right foot in triangle the rider will break his lance. If he tries to draw his sword you run toward him with two steps and place the halberd head around his neck and pull to you, and you will throw him off the horse.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|272r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|272r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 280r.png|German|lbl=280r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 280r.png|German|lbl=280r}}
Line 10,478: Line 10,525:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 08.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 08.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[8] </p>
+
| <p>[8] '''A device where the rider has a spear and the foot-soldier has a halberd.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When riding toward your opponent, do as follows: Hold the spear extended over your right leg in your right hand, and when you are about to attack, you insert the spear in the arret, and ride toward him thus. If your opponent comes at you in said manner, then step forward with your left foot and hold your halberd in a strike from above, and strike his spear away from left to your right side, and you have averted his attack. Then you take two steps toward him and hook him in the left side of his neck with the head of the halberd and pull forcefully to you, and you will throw the rider off his horse.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|272v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|272v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 281v.png|German|lbl=281v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 281v.png|German|lbl=281v}}
Line 10,488: Line 10,537:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 09.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 09.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[9] </p>
+
| <p>[9] '''A fight where the rider has a spear and the foot soldier is defending himself with a sword.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Do thus: Raise the spear over your right leg with your right hand and as you spur your horse toward your opponent you insert the spear into the arret, and aim for his visor(!). If the rider comes at you in this manner, and you have neither pike nor halberd to protect yourself with, only the sword, then draw it and hold it up in front of your face, and move his sword upward with the cross in this manner, than you have defended yourself against his thrust. Then you raise the sword over your head, step in triangle and cut the horse's sinews so that it falls to the ground and you may do whatever you wish with the opponent.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|273r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|273r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 282r.png|German|lbl=282r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 282r.png|German|lbl=282r}}
Line 10,498: Line 10,549:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 10.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 10.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[10] </p>
+
| <p>[10] '''A skirmish where the rider is using a sword against a foot-soldier armed with rapier and buckler.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this engagement with an enemy on foot you do as follows: If you see the foot soldier coming against you, then ride toward him in full speed and drawn sword, and when you get close to him you strike him in the head from your right side to his left. If the rider comes at you in this manner, then step forward with your left foot and draw your rapier, and hold up the buckler in front of your face with your left hand and remove his strike thus. Then you thrust with your rapier into the chest of the horse, and you will fell it, and you may do whatever you wish with the opponent.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|273v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|273v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 283v.png|German|lbl=283v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 283v.png|German|lbl=283v}}
Line 10,508: Line 10,561:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 11.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 11.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[11] </p>
+
| <p>[11] '''A fight where the foot soldier is wielding a rapier and buckler, and the rider has a sword.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you perform this device with rapier and buckler: When the rider comes at you, you step forward with your left foot and quickly draw your rapier with your right hand and grab the buckler with your left for defence, and if the opponent is armed with a sword and strikes at you with it, then raise the buckler with the left hand and remove his strike thus. Then you strike the horse over both its shins, and you will fell it to the ground. Then you can fight however you wish against your opponent.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|274r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|274r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 284r.png|German|lbl=284r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 284r.png|German|lbl=284r}}
Line 10,518: Line 10,573:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 12.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 12.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[12] </p>
+
| <p>[12] '''A way for the footman to throw the rider off the saddle.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If you are mounted and you see your opponent footman using rapier, then draw your sword as well, and ride toward him and strike toward his head. If your opponent does this very thing, you lift up your rapier and remove his strike to the left with the long edge. Then you step forward as fast a you can with to his right side, and grab hold with your left hand in his right hand and push him away in this manner, and thus he will not be able to fight against you. Then you pierce his neck with your rapier as hard as you can, and in this manner the horseman will fall.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|274v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|274v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 287r.png|German|lbl=287r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 287r.png|German|lbl=287r}}
Line 10,528: Line 10,585:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 13.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 13.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[13] </p>
+
| <p>[13] '''Yet another way of throwing the rider to the ground.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If you are on horse, and you see the footman has armed himself with rapier and buckler, then spur your horse and ride swiftly toward him with sword drawn and the point aimed toward the opponent's face or chest. If you see your opponent ride at you in this manner, then remove his thrust with the long edge to your left and drop both rapier and buckler and run toward the opponent, grab hold with the left hand on the outside of his right arm, and the inside of his elbow, and pull down, and at the same time you grab hold with your right hand in the left side of his neck, and you will throw him to the ground without risk of injury.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|275r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|275r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 287v.png|German|lbl=287v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 287v.png|German|lbl=287v}}
Line 10,538: Line 10,597:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 14.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 14.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[14] </p>
+
| <p>[14] '''Another way of throwing the horseman.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you perform this device: If the rider comes at you, then stand with your right foot forward and draw your rapier quickly. If he then draws his sword and is wishes to run you through with his point, then move your rapier up to his sword and remove his attack on his right side. Then make sure to get close to the opponent, and grab hold below in his right leg, and raise it up to his left side. And thrust him in the face with the rapier and he must wall to the ground.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|275v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|275v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 288r.png|German|lbl=288r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 288r.png|German|lbl=288r}}
Line 10,548: Line 10,609:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 26v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 26v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 15.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 15.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[15] </p>
+
| <p>[15] '''First engagement against guard in battle.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you are on horseback, then do as follows in this device: Hold the lance in your right hand in the handle raised over the right leg by the saddle bow, and the point upward, and hold the reins with the left hand. Then you spur the horse and insert the lance into the lance rest and aim for the opponent's<ref>Latin text says “footman's”, which is probably just a miss on the scribe's behalf.</ref> chest. If your opponent rides at you in this manner, and you are without armour, holding a warhammer or cudgel in your right hand and the reins in the left, then ride toward him so that your right side gets to his right. Then you raise the right arm and remove the opponent's lance from your right side to his left, and in this manner you will avert his attack. If you then continue forward you will be safe from harm.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|276r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|276r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 288v.png|German|lbl=288v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 288v.png|German|lbl=288v}}
Line 10,558: Line 10,621:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 27r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 27r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 16.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 16.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[16] </p>
+
| <p>[16] '''Second engagement against guard in battle.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you perform this device: Hold the lance straight up over the right leg in the saddle with the point upward in your right on the handle, or the hilt, if you wish, i.e. where you hold the lance best, and with your reins in the left hand. Then you spur the horse on and insert the lance into the lance rest and aim with the point to the opponent's chest. If your opponent comes at you in this way, and you are holding a warhammer in your right hand and the reins in your left, then ride toward your opponent and strike away his lance thrust from your right side to your opponent's left, thus you have averted his attack. Then you ride away from your opponent on his right side.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|276v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|276v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 289r.png|German|lbl=289r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 289r.png|German|lbl=289r}}
Line 10,568: Line 10,633:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 28r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 28r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 17.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 17.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[17] </p>
+
| <p>[17] '''Engagement with a lance against sword.'''<ref>Latin: How to use lance against an opponent with a sword.</ref></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Make sure in the very beginning to insert the lance into the lance rest, and when you ride toward him, you lower the point. Then you raise the point quickly again and turn it into his face or chest. If your opponent comes at you this, you ride at him as well and hold the sword in your right hand over the right leg in the saddle and the reins in your left hand, and move the sword to the front end of his lance and move it to the right, and you have averted his attack. Then you continue forward to his right side and lift up his lance with the cross on your sword high over his shoulder and strike the pommel into his visor. When you have done this, you continue forward past his right side.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|277r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|277r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 289v.png|German|lbl=289v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 289v.png|German|lbl=289v}}
Line 10,576: Line 10,643:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 27v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 28v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 18.png|400x400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 19.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[18] </p>
+
| <p>[18] '''An upper winding in with the sword over his lance.'''<ref>Latin: Another defence with sword against lance.</ref></p>
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|277v|png}}
+
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 291r.png|German|lbl=291r}}
+
<p>When you have inserted the lance into the lance rest, you ride toward the opponent and aim the point to his chest. If your opponent comes at you in this manner, and you are without armour, holding your sword before your chest in your right hand, and the reins in your left, then ride toward him and remove his lance thrust to your right. Then you reach over his lance with your right arm so that you hold it under the arm, and make sure to put the sword underneath so that the cross lies against the underside of the lance. If you then continue forward, you will strike the opponent's lance out of the lance rest with your sword in your left side.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|178r|jpg}}
+
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|278r|png}}
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 291r.png|Latin|lbl=291r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290r.png|German|lbl=290r}}
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 28v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 19.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| <p>[19] </p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|278r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290r.png|German|lbl=290r}}
 
 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|177r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|177r|jpg}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290r.png|Latin|lbl=290r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290r.png|Latin|lbl=290r}}
Line 10,598: Line 10,657:
 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 11v.jpg|Cgm 1507 12r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 11v.jpg|Cgm 1507 12r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 20.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 20.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[20] </p>
+
| <p>[19] '''Parry by the shield on the sword.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If your opponent comes at you on horse with his lance in the lance rest, then draw your sword and hold it before you with the point upward, and ride forward with your arm raised and as you ride forward you lower the point down on your left side. Then, when his lance gets close to you, you turn the hand so that the long edge faces up, and the short edge lies against the inside of the opponent's lance, and quickly deflect the lance with the cross to your left, and you have averted your opponent's thrust. Then make sure to pull up the sword again and thrust with the point, or hit him with the pommel in the face.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290v.png|German|lbl=290v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290v.png|German|lbl=290v}}
 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|177v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|177v|jpg}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290v.png|Latin|lbl=290v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 290v.png|Latin|lbl=290v}}
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 27v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 +
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 18.png|400x400px|center]]
 +
| <p>[20] '''Another defence with sword against lance.'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In this device you do as follows: Insert the lance into the lance rest and turn the lance into his chest as hard as you can. If he does this to you, and you are holding the word in your right hand with the hilt before your chest and the point upward, then ride against your opponent and remove his thrust with the long edge of your sword from your left to your right side, and when you ride closer to him, you move the lance in under your right arm and your sword under it, and then you strike your pommel into his visor. If your opponent tries to do the same, you throw the lance out of the lance rest and grab hold with your right hand in his right and remove his attack thus. If you then continue forward you will throw him off the saddle. </p>
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|277v|png}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 291r.png|German|lbl=291r}}
 +
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|178r|jpg}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 291r.png|Latin|lbl=291r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 10,608: Line 10,681:
 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 07v.jpg|Cgm 1507 08r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 07v.jpg|Cgm 1507 08r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 21.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 21.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[21] </p>
+
| <p>[21] '''A parry with the lance on both sides.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When your opponent has inserted his lance into the lance rest, then put your reins into the lower armour hook and hold the lance across before you, so that the point faces upward and the thicker end down on your right, and move your lance point to the outside of the opponent's lance on his right side, and if you then move his lance with your left side to his left, you have averted his thrust and he is forced to drop his lance. If you then ride on, and make sure to lift up the lance with both arms in the air and turn in the point into the opponent and thrust him in the face or armpit. If your opponent comes at you in this manner, then remove his thrust with the right arm on the outside, that way his thrust is in vain.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 291v.png|German|lbl=291v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 291v.png|German|lbl=291v}}
Line 10,618: Line 10,693:
 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 08v.jpg|Cgm 1507 09r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 08v.jpg|Cgm 1507 09r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 22.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 22.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[22] </p>
+
| <p>[22] '''A reach-over in pursuit.'''<ref>Latin: A technique where you lower the lance over the right shoulder and thus fell the opponent's horse.</ref></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both have inserted your lances into the lance rests, and are about to ride toward each other, to attack each other, and you wish to trick your opponent with said technique, then turn your horse and pull the lance out of the lance rest, and pretend to flee, and pay attention to whether he pursues you with his lance in the lance rest. Then, when you see him coming toward you, you wait a little while until he comes close to you, move the lance over your right shoulder so that the point ends up between the opponent's horse's front legs, and bind with the outside of his lance. Then you hold the lance firmly with your right hand in the handle and lift the arm, as well as the lance, and you will have thwarted your opponent's thrust as well as tripped his horse. If you then turn from your right to left so that you again is facing your opponent, you may fight against him however you want.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 292r.png|German|lbl=292r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 292r.png|German|lbl=292r}}
Line 10,628: Line 10,705:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 29r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 29r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 23.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 23.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[23] </p>
+
| <p>[23] '''A changing through with both lances.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you perform this device: Insert the lance into the lance rest, and ride toward the opponent and thrust him in the chest. If your opponent is doing this to you, then ride toward him as well, and change through with your lance from your right side and remove his lance hard, and thrust him in the visor. If he does this however, then drop the reins with the left hand in the engagement, and remove his lance from your left to your right, and you will get away without injuries.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|278v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|278v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 292v.png|German|lbl=292v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 292v.png|German|lbl=292v}}
Line 10,638: Line 10,717:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 29v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 29v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 24.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 24.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[24] </p>
+
| <p>[24] '''Engagement with a parry with the lance handle.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Put the reins in the lower armour hook, and attack your opponent with a thrust with the lance. If he does this on the other hand, and you have not had the time to insert the lance into the lance rest, before he comes charging at you, then ride in on his right side and hold the lance across before you with the point to the ground on your left side, and as you ride forward, you deflect his thrust to your right with the lance base, and then you drop the reins with the left hand and grab hold of the lance with it, lift up the lance and thrust with the point into the opponent's visor.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|279r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|279r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 293r.png|German|lbl=293r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 293r.png|German|lbl=293r}}
Line 10,648: Line 10,729:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 30r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 30r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 25.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 25.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[25] </p>
+
| <p>[25] '''A surprise attack against a parry with the middle of the lance.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you perform this device: Insert the lance into the lance rest and charge your opponent and thrust him with the lance in the chest. If the opponent does this, and you are being taken by surprise, so that you have not had time to insert the lance into the lance rest, then ride toward his right side and hold your lance across before you with the point to the ground on your left side, and hold your reins and the lance together, and catch the opponent's thrust with the lance base to your right as you spur the horse. Then you let go of the lance with the right hand and grab hold underneath in the middle of the opponent's lance, and ride past him, and you will pull his lance out of the lance rest over his right shoulder.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|279v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|279v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 293v.png|German|lbl=293v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 293v.png|German|lbl=293v}}
Line 10,658: Line 10,741:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 30v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 30v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 26.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 26.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[26] </p>
+
| <p>[26] '''A thrust with the lance handle to the opponents neck.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this fight you do as follows: When you have inserted the lance into the lance rest, then charge ahead with force to your opponent and aim a thrust to the upper part of his chest. If your opponent charges at you in this way, and you had not had the time to insert your lance into the lance rest, then ride toward him anyway, and hold the lance across the horse and as you charge at him you parry with the lance base from your left to your right as hard as you can.Thus the opponent will be forced to drop his lance. Then you put the reins in the lower hook in the belt of your armour, raise the lance over your head and grab hold of the front end of the lance with the right hand and with the left on the back end over your head and in this way turn in the lance base in his neck, and if you continue charging forward you will throw him out of the saddle.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|280r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|280r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 294r.png|German|lbl=294r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 294r.png|German|lbl=294r}}
Line 10,668: Line 10,753:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 31r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 31r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 27.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 27.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[27] </p>
+
| <p>[27] '''Hand parry of the opponent's strike with the back end of his lance.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Said device is performed as follows: When you have inserted the lance into the lance rest, you spur your horse and charge at your opponent, and thrust against chest. If your opponent comes at you in this manner, then ride toward him as well, and put the reins into the lower hook, and hold the lance across the horse before you, with the right hand on the handle in front(facing forward) and the left hand in the back and when charging you parry his thrust from your right side to his with the lance base, and thrust it into the face or neck of the opponent. If your opponent does this to you, you let the lance drop, and grab hold of the handle of the opponent's lance with your right hand and remove his thrust thus. Then, if you continue forward you can throw him out of the saddle as well has he can throw you.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|280v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|280v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 294v.png|German|lbl=294v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 294v.png|German|lbl=294v}}
Line 10,678: Line 10,765:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 31v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 31v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 28.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 28.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[28] </p>
+
| <p>[28] '''A strike to the opponent's chin, i.e. a half sun gaze.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is what you do in this skirmish: Insert the lance in the lance rest and charge at your opponent and hold your lance across the front of the saddle before you, and as you come together, you remove his thrust with the steel base to your left. If he does this however, you let go of the lance as fast as you can, and ride up close to him and strike away his lance with the right harm so that its handle flies up, and then you put the right hand under the opponent's chin over his lance and ride on past him, and you will throw him out of the saddle.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|281r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|281r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 295r.png|German|lbl=295r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 295r.png|German|lbl=295r}}
Line 10,688: Line 10,777:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 32r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 32r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 29.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 29.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[29] </p>
+
| <p>[29] '''A lower parry against a thrust to your horse's chest.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is what you do in this device: As soon as you have inserted the lance into the lance rest, you charge at your opponent and aim a thrust at the chest of the opponent's horse. If your opponent directs a thrust at your horse's chest in the same manner, you put the reins into the lower armour hook and ride toward him with the lance pointing to the ground, and parry to your left, so that his lance is on the outside. Then you turn down the lance handle with the right hand over your right leg and lift up your with left hand, that way you will throw the opponent's lance away when you ride past him from your left side to his left, and simultaneously you can strike or thrust him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|281v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|281v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 295v.png|German|lbl=295v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 295v.png|German|lbl=295v}}
Line 10,698: Line 10,789:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 32v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 32v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 30.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 30.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[30] </p>
+
| <p>[30] '''How to overthrow the horse with the lance.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Insert the lance into the lance rest and charge with full force at your opponent and aim a thrust to his horse. If your opponent does this, taking you by surprise so that you have no time to insert the lance into the lance rest, then ride toward him at the same time, and hold the lance with the point to the ground and the lance handle in your right hand in front of your visor, that way you will remove his attack and throw the opponent over as well as his horse. When you see the opponent fall, you quickly let go of the lance with your right hand and ride past him on his left side.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|282r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|282r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 296r.png|German|lbl=296r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 296r.png|German|lbl=296r}}
Line 10,708: Line 10,801:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 31.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 31.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[31] </p>
+
| <p>[31] '''The guards with the sword on both sides.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both have drawn your swords, and inserted your rein in the lower armour hooks, and you, wishing to come out victorious in this battle, are holding the sword with your right hand on the hilt and the left in the middle of the blade and the point toward the opponent. If your opponent comes at you in this manner and charges at you to thrust, then ride toward him in the same position as in the beginning, so that your sword enters in front on the outside of his left hand. Then you let go of the sword with your left and continue forward with your right so that you pull his left hand that is holding the sword from your right side to his left, and in this manner you can lock his sword, and his attack is rendered useless. But if your opponent has locked you in the same way, you let go of the hilt with your right hand and grab hold firmly in the inside of his arm and ride past him, and you will get free.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 296v.png|German|lbl=296v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 296v.png|German|lbl=296v}}
Line 10,718: Line 10,813:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 33r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 33r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 32.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 32.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[32] </p>
+
| <p>[32] '''The mane guard, i.e. when you put the sword between the horse's ears, against the side guard.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this device you do as follows: Draw your sword and charge, holding your sword with your right hand over your right thigh, and put the blade between both ears of your sword, i.e. on the mane, and with the point aimed toward the opponent. If your opponent comes at you with the sword drawn in the same manner, then you draw your sword as well, and hold it with your right hand on your left side in side guard over your left hand. When you ride toward him in said guard and he then aims a thrust toward your visor out of aforementioned tassel guard, then remove it to your right and when you ride past him you cut him in the back of the head.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|282v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|282v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 297r.png|German|lbl=297r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 297r.png|German|lbl=297r}}
Line 10,728: Line 10,825:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 33v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 33v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 33.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 33.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[33] </p>
+
| <p>[33] '''Side guard against high guard.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Charge in said guard and hold your sword with your right hand on your right hip with the point down over your right leg in side guard. If your opponent comes at you in the same manner, then ride toward him as well with your sword drawn, and lift it up over your head and make a thrust with the point from the high guard toward your opponent's groin. If he thrusts at you in the same way, then remove his attack to your left and then you thrust him in the right armpit or cut him in the right side and ride past him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|283r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|283r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 297v.png|German|lbl=297v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 297v.png|German|lbl=297v}}
Line 10,738: Line 10,837:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 34r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 34r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 34.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 34.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[34] </p>
+
| <p>[34] '''Two other guards with the sword on horseback.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you behave in this skirmish: Draw your sword, and hold it with your right hand on the hilt in high guard with the point aimed toward the opponent. From this position you charge your opponent and direct a thrust with the point to your opponent's neck. If he does the same, and you are holding the sword in your right hand, then ride toward him too with your sword drawn in side guard on your right side. Then you raise your sword toward his and remove his thrust on your left side, ride past him and strike or thrust him however you want in the right side of his head.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|283v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|283v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 298r.png|German|lbl=298r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 298r.png|German|lbl=298r}}
Line 10,748: Line 10,849:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 34v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 34v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 35.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 35.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[35] </p>
+
| <p>[35] '''Wrath strike against a parry.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this clash you do thus: Hold your sword raised in your right hand and charge your opponent quickly, and strike a wrath strike from your left to the right side of your opponent's head. If your opponent attacks you thus, and you are holding your sword in your right hand, then parry with the cross on your right side and thrust or strike at his visor, and then you ride past him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|284r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|284r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 298v.png|German|lbl=298v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 298v.png|German|lbl=298v}}
Line 10,758: Line 10,861:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 35r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 35r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 36.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 36.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[36] </p>
+
| <p>[36] '''Wrath strike against the side guard.'''</p>
 +
<p>In this fight you do as follows: Attack your opponent quickly with your sword drawn in side position, point directed at the opponent. If he comes at you in the same manner, then ride toward him as well, holding your sword in the right hand raised over your head. When your opponent then raises his sword to strike a wrath strike toward your head, or to strike you in the head with the pommel, you raise the sword from the side guard and pay attention to the three open parts on the opponent that you can reach with your point, which are the right armpit, the opening in the armour on his right elbow, and lastly the visor. When you ride past him you can do whatever you wish against him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|284v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|284v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 299r.png|German|lbl=299r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 299r.png|German|lbl=299r}}
Line 10,768: Line 10,872:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 35v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 35v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 37.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 37.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[37] </p>
+
| <p>[37] '''Thrust to the visor against a parry.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this device, you attack your opponent with the sword and direct a thrust to his visor. If your opponent attacks you in the same way, by thrusting towards your visor, then raise the sword and bind with his, and lift it up. That way you have parried his attack, and at the same time you may cut or thrust him in the neck of visor. Of your opponent attacks you with cuts or thrusts in the same manner, you parry while riding past him. Then you turn your horse around and strike or thrust him in the back of his neck. Then you ride away.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|285r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|285r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 299v.png|German|lbl=299v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 299v.png|German|lbl=299v}}
Line 10,778: Line 10,884:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 36r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 36r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 38.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 38.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[38] </p>
+
| <p>[38] '''A disarm followed by an arm-break.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When riding toward each other with drawn swords, and you desire to emerge victorious in this battle, holding your sword in your sword in your right hand, then strike toward your opponent's head. If your opponent does this, you raise the sword and parry with the long edge hanging forward in your left side. Then you move your pommel over the opponent's right hand, lean forward and pull toward you as hard as you can, put the reins in the lower hook by the belt, and grab with your left hand in your pommel, and if you then lift up firmly on your left side, then you will twist his sword away and break his arm as well. Then you ride past him and strike or thrust to his visor.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|285v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|285v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 300r.png|German|lbl=300r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 300r.png|German|lbl=300r}}
Line 10,788: Line 10,896:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 14r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 14r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 39.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 39.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[39] </p>
+
| <p>[39] '''A setup with the hilt on both sides.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both charge at each other with swords drawn, and your opponent strikes from above toward your head, then ride forward to his right side and turn up the long edge against his strike and parry with the cross. When you have come close you turn up the hilt with the pommel first over his sword and move the pommel over his right hand so that it comes under his pommel. If you then press down to your left when riding past him, putting your reins into the lower armour hook, you may grab his chin with your left hand and pull him away, so that he falls backwards when you ride past him. If you notice this happen to you, then put your reins into the belt hook, and grab hold with both hands on the inside of his arm, and push away hard, and you will get away. </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 300v.png|German|lbl=300v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 300v.png|German|lbl=300v}}
Line 10,798: Line 10,908:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 36v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 36v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 40.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 40.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[40] </p>
+
| <p>[40] '''A lock around the opponent's neck.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Put your pommel before you against your armour and charge at your opponent and aim a thrust to his visor or right armpit. If he does this however, then ride toward him too, and put the pommel on your right leg and parry his thrust with the long edge on your right side to his left. Then  you put the short edge over his left shoulder so that the point hangs down behind his back, put your reins in the belt hook, and grab hold with your left hand on your blade near the cross just over his back and pull him to your left, and you will throw him to the ground when you ride past him. </p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|286r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|286r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 301r.png|German|lbl=301r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 301r.png|German|lbl=301r}}
Line 10,808: Line 10,920:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 37r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 37r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 41.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 41.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[41] </p>
+
| <p>[41] '''Counter to the lock around the neck.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this skirmish you do this: When you both attack each other and the opponent tries to lock your neck, you put your reins into the lower armour hook and grab hold with your left hand in your opponent's right arm and lift it up, and you will get away. Then you grab the reins again with your left hand and pretend to flee, but instead you turn the horse around from your right to the opponent's left and strike him in the left leg with the sword. Then you may do what you want with him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|286v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|286v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 301v.png|German|lbl=301v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 301v.png|German|lbl=301v}}
Line 10,818: Line 10,932:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 37v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 37v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 42.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 42.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[42] </p>
+
| <p>[42] '''Defence against turning around.'''<ref>Latin: A way of stopping the opponent from turning the horse.</ref></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both have come together and the opponent wants to turn his horse around, then ride as fast as you can into him and see to it that he cannot turn his horse around. Then you turn in your sword point from the upper guard into his visor, put the reins into the lower armour hook and grab hold of with the left hand in the opponent's right, and press down the hand and the sword to the left and at the same time you push him away from you with the sword as hard as you can. This way you may pull him out of the saddle when you ride past him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|287r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|287r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 302r.png|German|lbl=302r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 302r.png|German|lbl=302r}}
Line 10,828: Line 10,944:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 38r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 38r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 43.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 43.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[43] </p>
+
| <p>[43] '''How to lift a rider off the saddle.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When the opponent rides toward you in full speed, and is about to strike at you from above, or turn the pommel into your visor, then ride toward him as well but do not draw your sword, but instead grab hold with your right hand in his right and ride up close to him. Then you lift up, and at the same time you kick him below with your right foot by his right spur. If you do this, you will throw him out of the saddle.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|287v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|287v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 302v.png|German|lbl=302v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 302v.png|German|lbl=302v}}
Line 10,838: Line 10,956:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 38v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 38v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 44.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 44.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[44] </p>
+
| <p>[44] '''A sun-gaze, i.e. when the opponent is thrown backwards along with the horse.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you ride toward each other, then do as follows: If he tries to strike a wrath strike at you from above or turn his pommel into your visor, then do not draw your sword, but ride toward him and grab hold with your right hand in the reins on the opponent's horse near the neck andpull up as hard as you can, so that the horse starts to rear on its hind legs. Then you put the right hand on his face so that the reins end up well up over your right arm, and if you then ridepast him you will throw him over as well as his horse. </p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|288r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|288r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 303r.png|German|lbl=303r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 303r.png|German|lbl=303r}}
Line 10,848: Line 10,968:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 39r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 39r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 45.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 45.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[45] </p>
+
| <p>[45] '''A way of grabbing hold of the mouth piece of a rearing horse.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If you wish to emerge victorious in this battle, then pull out your sword and ride toward the opponent, and strike from above to his head or turn the pommel into his visor. If your opponent does this on the other hand, then ride toward him as well, but do not draw your sword, but instead grab hold of the mouthpiece on the opponent's horse as you may see on the picture and lift up on your right side. If the horse is about to rear forcefully, then quickly ride close to him and lift up the mouthpiece, and both the horse and the opponent will fall over at the same time. But if the horse is not as incline to rear up on its hind legs, then do not use this technique, as it is much too risky. Instead you grab hold underneath on his right arm with your right hand and you will get away from the opponent safe from harm.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|288v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|288v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 303v.png|German|lbl=303v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 303v.png|German|lbl=303v}}
Line 10,858: Line 10,980:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 39v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 39v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 46.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 46.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[46] </p>
+
| <p>[46] '''How to pull the opponent over on your own horse.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you ride toward each other, but neither of you want to draw your swords, but both want to get ahead of the other, then do as follows: If he tries to grab hold of the reins of your horse, then ride forward as quickly as you can toward him and grab hold with right hand in his left shoulder and make sure that you get a firm grip in his neck and helmet. Then you kick with your right spur in the opponent's right foot, and pull hard to you so that he is weakened both above and below. If you then ride past him you will pull him out of his saddle and lay him over on your own horse.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|289r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|289r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 304r.png|German|lbl=304r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 304r.png|German|lbl=304r}}
Line 10,868: Line 10,992:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 40r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 40r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 47.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 47.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[47] </p>
+
| <p>[47] '''How to get away from the previous technique.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this fight, where neither has drawn the sword but decided to attack with your bare hands, and your opponent tries to pull you out of your saddle and put you on his own horse, and he then is about to grab hold of your left shoulder, then reach with your right hand over his right arm and push away from you, and you will get free. Then you pull his right arm over your saddle bow, i.e. front and upper part of your saddle and lean over it with your upper body. Then you turn your horse from his right to your left, and you will pull him out of his saddle.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|289v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|289v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 304v.png|German|lbl=304v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 304v.png|German|lbl=304v}}
Line 10,878: Line 11,004:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 40v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 40v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 48.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 48.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[48] </p>
+
| <p>[48] '''Defence against gripping in pursuit.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both ride to attack each other bare handed, and neither of you has drawn your swords and you then notice your opponent turn his back toward you, then do as follows: Pursue him as fast as you can, and grab hold from behind with your right hand in his right shoulder by the neck. If your opponent does this and is about to throw you to him, then grab your reins with your right hand instead of your left, and raise your left hand from below over his right arm and grab hold of his right shoulder and press down, and you will break the opponent's arm, and when you ride further past him, you may also throw him out of the saddle.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|290r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|290r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 305r.png|German|lbl=305r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 305r.png|German|lbl=305r}}
Line 10,888: Line 11,016:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 41r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 41r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 49.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 49.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[49] </p>
+
| <p>[49] '''Counter to the previous arm-break.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If your opponent tries to break your arm with his left hand, then pull your right arm to you quickly below, and put his left arm in under your armpit, and turn your horse from the opponent's right side to your left, and you will throw him out of the saddle. This device, and the turning of the horse is not easily illustrated, but from this technique you can perform several other devices. </p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|290v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|290v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 305v.png|German|lbl=305v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 305v.png|German|lbl=305v}}
Line 10,898: Line 11,028:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 41v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 41v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 50.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 50.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[50] </p>
+
| <p>[50] '''A neck throw against a counter.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this fight, when the opponent has reached with his right hand around your neck and forces you to drop the reins, then bend forward into the scales, and grab hold with the reins again with your left hand and insert them on the saddle bow for better support. Then reach with your right hand around the waist of your opponent under his left armpit and place it over his left arm. If you then ride past him you will deprive him of his bridle and throw him backwards off the horse.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|291r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|291r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 306r.png|German|lbl=306r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 306r.png|German|lbl=306r}}
Line 10,908: Line 11,040:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 42r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 42r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 51.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 51.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[51] </p>
+
| <p>[51] '''How to counter the previous device.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you have clashed together and your opponent has grabbed hold of your left arm and armpit, then quickly put the reins in the lower armour hook and ride as close as you can to your opponent, and grab hold with your left hand over his right, and pull it close to you over the saddle bow. Then you put down the right arm and elbow in front over his upper body and over his right arm(as you see in the picture), and if you then pull to you above and at the same time head butt him with the visor into his chest, and push away from you when riding past him, you will throw him backwards off the horse.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|291v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|291v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 306v.png|German|lbl=306v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 306v.png|German|lbl=306v}}
Line 10,918: Line 11,052:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 42v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 42v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 52.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 52.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[52] </p>
+
| <p>[52] '''The chest technique with abduction.'''<ref>Latin: A technique where you grab hold of the chest of the opponent with both hands and abduct him.</ref></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this following clash, you do thus: When you both ride toward each other you quickly put your reins in the lower armour hook you have on your waist, and grab hold with both hands in the chest of your opponent. If he does this, and is about to lift you off the saddle, then put the reins into the lower armour hook, and make sure to loosen your feet from the stirrups and press yourself hard against him. Then you leave your own horse and jump over to his, and sit down behind him, holding him around his arms with both your hands, and then you grab hold of his reins and pull to you, and then you may ride away wherever you want with the opponent held captive.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|292r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|292r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 307r.png|German|lbl=307r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 307r.png|German|lbl=307r}}
Line 10,928: Line 11,064:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 43r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 43r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 53.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 53.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[53] </p>
+
| <p>[53] '''A surprise attack against the sun gaze.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If your opponent comes charging at you in full speed with the sword drawn, so that you have no time to draw your sword, and he then strikes at your visor, then ride up toward the opponent and lift your right arm to his sword, and parry it on your right side. Then you ride in close to him and grab hold of his open visor with your right hand and push upward, and thus show him the sun, and when you ride past him you will break his neck.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|292v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|292v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 307v.png|German|lbl=307v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 307v.png|German|lbl=307v}}
Line 10,938: Line 11,076:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 43v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 43v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 54.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 54.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[54] </p>
+
| <p>[54] '''The Forceful throw with the hook.'''<ref>Latin: A throwing technique by inserting a hook, by which insert without him knowing.</ref></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both charge each other without swords drawn, but both of you want to be faster than the other, then do as follows: when your opponent comes riding toward you, and tries to grab hold of your open visor, then put your reins into the armour hook you have by the belt, and remove him with your left hand. Then you insert between your fingers the rope with a hook attached to it that you have hidden under your arming jacket by the saddle wing, and insert it over the opponent's armour wherever you can on the right or left side, and if you then ride past him, you will pull him to the ground.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''How to make good use the hook is described in detail in the preface to this book, on the 16th folio of close combat on horse and foot.''</p>
 +
 
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|293r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|293r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 308r.png|German|lbl=308r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 308r.png|German|lbl=308r}}
Line 10,948: Line 11,091:
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 44r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.5 44r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 55.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 55.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[55] </p>
+
| <p>[55] '''A mane grip, whereby you make [the horse] bridle-less.'''<ref>How to pull the bridle off a horse.</ref></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is how you do this device: if you both were to ride toward each other with open visors, and your opponent is about to thrust or strike at your face, then you quickly insert the reins into the lower armour hook and remove his attack to your left with your left hand. Then you grab hold with in the part of the bridle on the opponent's horse that is behind its ears and mane and pull off the bridle thus, as you ride close to the opponent. If your opponent tries to do the same to you, you drop the sword and grab hold with your right hand in his right armpit, spur the horse and ride past him, and you will throw him out of the saddle.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|293v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|293v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 308v.png|German|lbl=308v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 308v.png|German|lbl=308v}}
Line 10,958: Line 11,103:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 17r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 17r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 56.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 56.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[56] </p>
+
| <p>[56] '''Riding side by side gripping.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both ride close to each other with bare hands, and you both try to grab hold of the other and throw him off the horse, then make sure, since you want to come out the victor, that you close in hard on the opponent's right with your left side. Then you reach with your left arm from behind around the opponent's neck and grab hold firmly in front in his neck, spur the horse and kick his right foot with your left by the stirrup. If you continue forward past the opponent you will throw him forward over on your horse or pull him forward off the saddle. But if you see that your opponent tries to grab hold of you in the same manner, then you lift up the right arm, and strike him as hard as you can in the inside of his elbow. If you then press down hard in this way, and continue forward beside your opponent you will get free of him.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 309r.png|German|lbl=309r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 309r.png|German|lbl=309r}}
Line 10,968: Line 11,115:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 17v.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 17v.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 57.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 57.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[57] </p>
+
| <p>[57] '''Second lock side by side.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you ride toward each other bare handed, you grip with your left hand turned inward onto the opponent's visor, and pull him backwards and pull him against you, and he will fall out of the saddle. If your opponent does this however, then ride as close as you can, and reach with your right arm over your opponent's left and push it down so that it ends up under your right armpit. Then you press down firmly, using your left hand to support your right and press him down over the saddle bow, and you will have him captured, and if he resists, he will pull himself out of his saddle when he rides past you. If you want to, you may also break his arm by turning your horse to your left from his right side.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 309v.png|German|lbl=309v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 309v.png|German|lbl=309v}}
Line 10,978: Line 11,127:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 58.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 58.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[58] </p>
+
| <p>[58] '''Hand grip in the clash.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both charge each other without drawing your swords, and you wish to emerge the victor, then do as follows: when you close in on your opponent's right side with your own right, you put your right hand on the opponent's visor, and push it away from you when you ride past him, and you will thrown the opponent backwards. If you notice he does the same, you wrap your right arm around his and press it hard to your chest. If your opponent tries to do this, however, you lower your hand and press down his left hand holding the reins, and quickly. Then you pull him over to your right side. Furthermore, should your opponent try to throw you in the same manner, when he rides past you, you grab hold firmly with your right hand that you have wrapped over your opponent's arm onto the saddle wing, just by the upper part of the saddle, and with the left hand in the saddle bow, i.e. front part of the saddle and press down forcefully with your elbow on the inside of the opponent's elbow as you ride past him, and he is forced to let go or be thrown over, and his attack is for nothing.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 310r.png|German|lbl=310r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 310r.png|German|lbl=310r}}
Line 10,988: Line 11,139:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 59.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 59.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[59] </p>
+
| <p>[59] '''Bare hand grip.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When riding toward each other without having drawn your swords, then do as follows in this device: when you close in on your opponent, holding your right hand resting on the right leg, then grab hold quickly onto your opponent's left hand holding the reins and pull to you as hard as you can. If your opponent has grabbed hold of you in the same way, however, you put your palm on his visor as fast as you can and when you ride past him you will push him backwards out of the saddle. If he does this, on the other hand, you let go of his left with your right hand and then you strike out with your arm to the left on the inside of his arm, just by the elbow, and you will get free again, and his work is for naught.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 310v.png|German|lbl=310v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 310v.png|German|lbl=310v}}
Line 10,998: Line 11,151:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 16v.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 16v.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 60.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 60.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[60] </p>
+
| <p>[60] '''Grab from behind.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If someone comes up from behind who is faster than you, and you both are empty handed, and your opponent comes up with his left side on your right, and reaches around your neck with his left arm from behind and takes a firm hold of you to abduct you ore throw you against him, then make sure as soon as the opponent comes close, that you wrap your right arm around your opponent's on the outside. Then you let go of the reins with your left hand and insert them in the lower armour hook, and use it(the left hand) to support your right and you will get free of him above, and at the same time you hold his arm against your chest. If you continue forward, you will have him captured. But if you want to throw him to the ground, you pull his arm over the saddle bow and hold it firmly, and grab the reins with your left hand again. Then you turn your horse from the opponent's left side you your right, as you hold his arm as hard as you can, and you will throw him to the ground.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 311r.png|German|lbl=311r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 311r.png|German|lbl=311r}}
Line 11,008: Line 11,163:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 16r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 16r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 61.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 61.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[61] </p>
+
| <p>[61] '''Grab in front.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both ride toward each other empty handed, and you wish to emerge victorious, you hold your right hand over the right leg, with the arm close to your body, and ride in with your right side against your opponent's right. When you have come together, you move your right arm in front over and around his neck and push yourself against him with the upper body, and as you push away from you above with the arm on his neck, and you will throw him backwards. If your opponent holds you in the same grip, and wants to drag you out of the saddle, then move your right arm over his right elbow and press down hard. Then you grab hold with both hands in your saddle bow, and continue riding forward, that way the opponent will throw himself. This technique can be done in many ways.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 311v.png|German|lbl=311v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 311v.png|German|lbl=311v}}
Line 11,018: Line 11,175:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 18r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 18r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 62.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 62.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[62] </p>
+
| <p>[62] '''Mane/hair grip.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both charge at each other empty handed, and you wish win the victory, then do as follows: hold your arms close to the body and the reins hard with your left hand near your chest by the saddle bow. Then you ride in with your left side onto your opponent's left side as close as you can, and grab hold with your left hand(sic) onto the opponent's visor. If he attacks you thus, then insert the reins into the front armour hook, and grab hold with your left hand on the inside of his elbow and press down to your right as hard as you can. Then you put your right hand behind his neck and grab hold in his visor by the right eye or around his chin, and pull forward as you press down hard. When you have done this, you take your reins again with your left hand and hold hard in the saddle bow. Then, if you press down, and at the same time pull to you above as you ride past, and kick the opponent's left foot with your left just by the stirrup, you will throw him off the horse easily.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 312r.png|German|lbl=312r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 312r.png|German|lbl=312r}}
Line 11,028: Line 11,187:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 63.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 63.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[63] </p>
+
| <p>[63] '''Running side by side where you take the horse.'''<ref>Latin: Horses.</ref></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both ride toward each other and you then ride in with your right side onto the opponent's left, as soon as you get close to him, reach with your hand over the opponent's horse's neck and grab hold of the steel rods on its mouthpiece. If you then pull upward, the opponent's horse will rear. But if your opponent tries to do the same to you, just as he leans forward to grab hold of the mouth piece, you grab hold of him and wrap your right arm around the back of his neck and pull him to you as you press him down as hard as you can against your saddle bow. Then your grab hold with your left hand in his left and press down, you have averted his attack, as well as you have pinned him down and may capture him.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 312v.png|German|lbl=312v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 312v.png|German|lbl=312v}}
Line 11,038: Line 11,199:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 64.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 64.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[64] </p>
+
| <p>[64] '''Two grips on the opponent's hands from both left sides.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When riding towards each other's left sides, then reach with your left hand over your opponent's left arm and take hold of it underneath in his left armpit. If your opponent as taken hold of you thus, you quickly insert the reins into your front armour hook, and grab with your right hand on the outside of your opponent's left elbow, and with your left hand in his left and press down in this manner, and at the same time you raise his elbow, and you will break his arm. Then you ride away from him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|294r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|294r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 313r.png|German|lbl=313r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 313r.png|German|lbl=313r}}
Line 11,048: Line 11,211:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 65.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 65.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[65] </p>
+
| <p>[65] '''A hand grip together with a wrestling technique.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In said fight you do as follows: when you both ride toward each other on your left sides, then insert the reins into the front armour hook, and grab hold with your right hand over your opponent's chest in his right armpit and grab hold with your left hand to support your right. Then you put him in front of you on your saddle and ride away.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|294v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|294v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 313v.png|German|lbl=313v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 313v.png|German|lbl=313v}}
Line 11,058: Line 11,223:
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 66'.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 66'.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 66.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 66.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[66]<ref>While the text is identical, the illustration in the Dresden version is different from that of Munich and Vienna versions.</ref></p>
+
| <p>[66] '''Another variation on the previous technique.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both ride at each other's right sides, then ride close to your opponent and reach with your right hand under his right arm and pull him to you. If he attacks you thus, then insert the reins in the lower armour hook and grab hold with your left hand onto his left and pull him over to your saddle and press him down over the saddle bow. If you then spur your horse and ride away, you will drag him off his horse.<ref>While the text is identical, the illustration in the Dresden version is different from that of Munich and Vienna versions.</ref></p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|295r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|295r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 314r.png|German|lbl=314r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 314r.png|German|lbl=314r}}
Line 11,068: Line 11,235:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 67.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 67.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[67] </p>
+
| <p>[67] '''Wrestling technique where you throw the rider out of the saddle.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Ride in on your opponent's right side, insert the reins into the lower armour hook and grab hold on the outside of the opponent's right leg with your left hand. If he does this to you, then make sure that you grab hold of his left hand with your right and pull it over your saddle-bow, so that both hands are joined, and you can pull him to you. If your opponent has grabbed hold of your left hand, then grab the back of his knee with your right hand and throw it out of the stirrup, and lift up. Then if you spur the horse and ride forward, you will throw the opponent backwards.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|295v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|295v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 314v.png|German|lbl=314v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 314v.png|German|lbl=314v}}
Line 11,078: Line 11,247:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 68.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 68.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[68] </p>
+
| <p>[68] '''Another wrestling technique where you throw the opponent in front of you over onto your own horse.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>In this device you do as follows: when you both ride toward each other, you quickly insert the reins into the lower armour hook, and as soon as you have come close you your opponent, you reach with your left hand around the left side of his neck, and with the right hand in his left armpit. If your opponent holds you in this way, you grab hold with your right hand in the back of his left knee and loosen the foot out of the stirrup, and grab hold with the left hand in his left shoulder. If he has taken hold of you in the same manner and is about to throw you to the ground, then pull him to you as hard as you can, and press him down in front of you over the saddle-bow, that way you will pull him out of the saddle and put him over onto your own horse. Then you can ride away with him captured wherever you wish.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|296r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|296r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 315r.png|German|lbl=315r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 315r.png|German|lbl=315r}}
Line 11,088: Line 11,259:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 69.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 69.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[69] </p>
+
| <p>[69] '''Another version of the previous on both left sides.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>This is what you do to your opponent: when you both approach each other's left sides, then ride as close as you can onto your opponent and insert the reins into the lower armour hook. If he then rides close to you and tries to grab you around the waist, you reach with your right hand over the right shoulder and onto his back and pull him to you hard, and with your left hand you lift up his left leg that you have kicked out of the stirrup just before, and thus you lift him out of the saddle. Then you lay him down in front of you on your own horse, and you may ride away with him captured.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|296v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|296v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 315v.png|German|lbl=315v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 315v.png|German|lbl=315v}}
Line 11,098: Line 11,271:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 70.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 70.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[70] </p>
+
| <p>[70] '''A dagger thrust against a parry in mounted combat.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both ride toward each other and you get close to your opponent, you insert the reins into the lower armour hook, and grab hold with your left hands into the opponent's reins. Then you draw your dagger and thrust it into your opponent's visor. If the opponent is doing this to you, and you have not had the time to draw your own dagger, then grab hold with your right hand in his right hand by the wrist and lift up, that way you have averted his attack and weakened him. Then you let go of the reins with your left hand, draw your dagger with it, and thrust him with the dagger on the inside of his left hand, and you get free both above and below. Then you ride forward past him.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|297r|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|297r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 316r.png|German|lbl=316r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 316r.png|German|lbl=316r}}
Line 11,108: Line 11,283:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 71.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 71.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[71] </p>
+
| <p>[71] '''Another dagger thrust to the visor against a throw.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both ride in toward each other's right side, and you wish to win in this device, you shall ride in close to him, draw the dagger and thrust at his visor. If your opponent attacks you in this manner, and you had not yet drawn yours, you insert the reins into the lower armour hook, and lift up the opponent's right arm with your left hand, and you have averted his attack and weakened him. When you have done this, you grab hold with your right hand between his arms in his visor and push away from you. Spur your horse and ride past him forcefully, and you will pull the opponent off the horse.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|297v|png}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|297v|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 316v.png|German|lbl=316v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 316v.png|German|lbl=316v}}
Line 11,118: Line 11,295:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 18v.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 18v.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 72.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 72.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[72] </p>
+
| <p>[72] '''Defence on foot against the attack of a mounted opponent.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When you both have clashed together, and you have lost your lance, you turn your horse quickly and run back to it, and as soon as you dismount you hold the reins with your left hand so that you are holding your horse turned toward your opponent. This way the opponent cannot hurt you, and both him and his horse will wear out. Furthermore, you can keep yourself safe from the opponent as long as you wish and at the same time retrieve your lance. When you have gotten it back, you hold it with both hands, with the left above and the right below by the handle, and press the back end of the lance into the ground. Then you let your horse go. When your opponent then comes at you at full speed, and has only inserted his lance into the lance rest on its middle, you raise the point of your lance firmly at his face and remove his lance in the inside to your left and down on his right side. Then you raise your right arm and lower your left and press down the lance in the ground in front of the horse and if you then at the same time step to the left of your opponent, he will fall to the ground and lose his lance. Then you may fight with him however you please.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 317r.png|German|lbl=317r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 317r.png|German|lbl=317r}}
Line 11,128: Line 11,307:
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 19r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 19r.jpg|350x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 73.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Mair's mounted fencing 73.png|400x400px|center]]
| <p>[73] </p>
+
| <p>[73] '''A tripping of both horse and rider.'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If your mounted opponent has drawn his sword and charges at you, and you are on the ground, then hold your lance with right hand on the handle and the left on the front end, right foot forward. When the opponent comes charging at you at full speed, then grab hold of the lance for a thrust with the front end with both hands, and thrust the lance point between the opponent's horse's front legs and raise the back end of the lance as high as you can with both hands, and you will fell both horse and rider. Then you may use whatever techniques you want against him.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 317v.png|German|lbl=317v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 317v.png|German|lbl=317v}}
Line 11,142: Line 11,323:
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p><includeonly><span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;{{edit|Paulus Hector Mair/Armored fencing|edit}}&#93;</span> &nbsp; </includeonly>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 11,592: Line 11,773:
 
| <p>[36] '''Scissor lock'''</p>
 
| <p>[36] '''Scissor lock'''</p>
  
<p>Step forward with your right foot and take hold of your sword with both hands on the hilt and make a long thrust at the opponent's groin. If he attacks you thus, and you too are standing with your right foot forward, you grab hold of the point of his sword with the left hand and thrust your own point into the opponent's chest. If he uses the same technique against you, you too take hold of his point with your left hand and turn to your right with both swords in scissor lock, i.e. joined crosswise over your shoulders, and then you step forward and pull to you. Of he uses the same technique on you, you turn to the right twice, and you have counter the technique and you get your sword back. Then you trust your point into his face and withdraw from him. </p>
+
<p>Step forward with your right foot and take hold of your sword with both hands on the hilt and make a long thrust at the opponent's groin. If he attacks you thus, and you too are standing with your right foot forward, you grab hold of the point of his sword with the left hand and thrust your own point into the opponent's chest. If he uses the same technique against you, you too take hold of his point with your left hand and turn to your right with both swords in scissor lock, i.e. joined crosswise over your shoulders, and then you step forward and pull to you. Of he uses the same technique on you, you turn to the right twice, and you have counter the technique and you get your sword back. Then you thrust your point into his face and withdraw from him. </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 219v.png|1|lbl=219v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 219v.png|1|lbl=219v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 232v.png|German|lbl=232v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 232v.png|German|lbl=232v}}
Line 12,200: Line 12,381:
  
 
|}
 
|}
{{master end}}
+
{{master end}}<!--
  
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin
  | title = Jousting
+
  | title = Tournaments
 
  | width = 240em
 
  | width = 240em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p><includeonly><span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;{{edit|Paulus Hector Mair/Jousting|edit}}&#93;</span> &nbsp; </includeonly>Source Images</p>
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Version]]</p>
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''The various old and new noble and knightly German forms and Disciplines of jousting or ”tilt”, as they call it nowadays.'''</p>
+
| <p>[01] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 157r.png|1|lbl=157r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|095r|jpg}}
+
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|124r|jpg|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|1|lbl=124v|p=1}}
|  
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 173r.png|1|lbl=173r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 12,230: Line 12,412:
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Title and dedication'''</p>
+
| <p>[02] </p>
 
 
<p>To the eternal memory of the late Roman Emperor Maximilian, I have here gathered these jousting or tilt games, and put them in order. The late emperor Maximilian himself devoted himself and exercized himself in them, and he even invented many of them as well. Therefore lest this honourable and sportly exercise of the nobility would to perish, I have here given them to posterity, especially for the eternal praise to those who still devote themselves and love it, which can be understood here, how to do that they have before their eyes, so that they be able to reconstruct each and everyone of them.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|095v|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,241: Line 12,421:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 01.png|400x400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>[1] Here they both go forth to the jousting field, and descend into the arena in the old armour that the Germans call "high" (in dem alten hohen Teutschen zeug).</p>
+
| <p>[03] </p>
 
 
<p>Old jousting, or tilting as it is called today in old high armour (German: Im hohen zeug), where both break their lances, they enter the field (German: auf die pan), or the arena. The rider himself wears a common jousting armour, he has small rings<ref>Coronels?</ref> with a vamplate. He sits on an old high jousting saddle. The horse’s chest guard is stuffed with straw, and padded under the silk caparison. The chanfron is made out of steel, as can be seen in the picture here.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|096r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|097v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 02.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[2] Here they both ride towards each other in said old high armour.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|096v|jpg|lbl=096v97r}}
+
| <p>[04] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 03.png|400x400px|center]]
+
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|1|lbl=125r|p=1}}
| <p>[3] Here they both enter into the arena with shields that the Germans call "die geschifften dartschen".</p>
 
 
 
<p>The commonly practised sportly jousting, that the Germans call "das geschifften Tarschen Rennen", is performed as follows: the rider is clad in field armour, and an old helmet with a steel beard attached to it, that flies off at first contact with the lance. His boots and thighs are covered in armour, and the horse has a caparison. The lance has a large movable vamplate, that covers half the rider’s arm, as can be seen on the picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|098r|jpg}}
 
  
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|099v|jpg}}
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
+
| <p>[05] </p>
|-
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 04.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[4] Then they engage each other in this manner with said shields.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|098v|jpg|lbl=098v99r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,287: Line 12,452:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 05.png|400x400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>[5] Here they both proceed to the arena to compete in field jousting with plate armour that the Germans call "das Stechlin geliger".</p>
+
| <p>[06] </p>
 
 
<p>In field jousting, where all armour must be plate armour, that the Germans call "den Bund in stechlin geliger", is done thusly: the man himself is completely covered by a full field armour, and an old helmet covers his head, to which a metal beard is attached which flies off at first contact with the lance. The lance has a vamplate. Furthermore the horse is equipped with armour that Germans call "das Creutz geliger", as can be seen in this picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|101v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 06.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[6] Here they both engage each other in said jousting with plate armour, as mentioned.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=100v01r}}
+
| <p>[07] </p>
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 157v.png|1|lbl=157v}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125v.jpg|1|lbl=125v|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,310: Line 12,473:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 07.png|400x400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>[7] In this manner the jousters enter the arena.<ref>Illustrations 7 and 8, with their captions, are placed after 12 in the manuscript. In this presentation, they've been moved to their numeric sequence.</ref></p>
+
| <p>[08] </p>
 
+
|
<p>Jousting either in ernest or for sport, is performed thus: the rider wears an armour that in German is called "den geschifften küriss". The lance has a vamplate. The horse is equipped with a caparison made out of leather. The mane and neck of the horse is covered in steel armour, as well as the chanfron, as the picture clearly shows.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|102r|jpg}}
+
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|1|lbl=126r|p=1}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|103v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 08.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[8] Here they engage each other, either for sport or in ernest.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=102v03r}}
+
| <p>[09] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 173v.png|1|lbl=173v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 09.png|400x400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>[9] This way the two combatants proceed to the arena in steel leg armour.</p>
+
| <p>[10] </p>
 
 
<p>Jousting in steel leg armour, as well as leather caparison, i.e. horse cover, is this: the rider wears field armour and a metal helmet. On his left side he carries a shield. He sits on a high knight saddle, the lance is made with a vamplate, whereas the horse is covered with a leather caparison, as is shown in the picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|104r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|105v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 10.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[10] Then they run towards and engage each other in metal leg armour.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=104v05r}}
+
| <p>[11] </p>
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,356: Line 12,514:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 11.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| <p>[11] Thus they enter the arena, in common German jousting, or tilt.</p>
 
 
<p>Common German jousting is done thus: the rider wears a common jousting armour, and in the lance he has coronells and a vamplate. He sits on a cushion, without saddle. The horse has covered eyes, as well as ears. The caparison is wholly made out of silk. Furthermore, the rider has large enough bundles of straw on the chest under the caparison, as is illustrated on the picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>[12] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|106r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 158r.png|1|lbl=158r}}
 
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|1|lbl=126v}}
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|107v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 12.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[12] Thus they run at each other in said common German jousting.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=106v07r}}
+
| <p>[13] </p>
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,379: Line 12,534:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 13.png|400x400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>[13] Here the combatants enter the arena to compete with linen bindles, or "in Wulsten" as Germans use to call it.</p>
+
| <p>[14] </p>
 
 
<p>Jousting with linen bindles, that Germans call "das rennen mit dem Wulst", is performed thus: the rider has a large linen bindle on his head, and apart from that completely without armour. He carries a metal beard hanging from his neck, with a large hook that supports the lance, and this hook is the only thing aimed at by the lance hit. Furthermore, he has armour plate protection over his knees. The lance has a vamplate, that covers half the man’s arm. He sits on a pillow. The horse is covered and blindfolded by a silk caparison, as you can see in the picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|108r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|109v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 14.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[14] Here they ride together with said linen bindles.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=108v09r}}
+
| <p>[15] </p>
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,402: Line 12,554:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 15.png|400x400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>[15] This way they enter the arena to compete over the tilt barrier.</p>
+
| <p>[16] </p>
 
 
<p>Italian jousting over the tilt barrier is done thus: the rider is equipped with a field armour that we in German call "ain geschifften feldküriss". He wears a helmet suitable for this sort of jousting, and on his left side he carries a shield with a grill. He sits on a high knight's saddle. The hit, or strike is on the shield. The horse is covered with a silk caparison, and its forehead is protected by a steel chanfron, as the picture shows.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|110r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|1|lbl=127r}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|111v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 16.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[16] This is the way jousting over the tilt barrier is done the Italian way.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=110v11r}}
+
| <p>[17] </p>
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,425: Line 12,574:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 17.png|400x400px|center]]
+
|  
| <p>[17] Thus they enter the arena to compete with discs, that the Germans call "die geschifften scheuben".</p>
+
| <p>[18] </p>
 
 
<p>Jousting in articulated armour, in German called "das geschifft scheuben rennen", ie with movable discs, is done thus: the rider is fully covered in armour, and an old helmet. Furthermore he has a disc, and a steel beard attached, that by the contact or hit of the lance, flies off. He sits on a knight saddle. The lance has vamplate, that covers half the man’s arm. The horse is blindfolded and covered by a silk caparison, and its forehead is protected by a steel chanfron as shown in this picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|112r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|113v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 18.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[18] Here they engage each other with said discs.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=112v13r}}
+
| <p>[19] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
|-  
 
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 19.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| <p>[19] Thus the combatants enter the arena to compete in Italian Armentin.</p>
 
 
<p>Italian jousting in armentin, as they call it, is done thus: the rider wears an articulatedly-attached field armour, and a has a sleeve/shirt in a knightly fashion. Furthermore, he sits on a high saddle. The lance has vamplates. The horse is blindfolded and covered with a silk caparison, and wears a steel chanfron, as you see in the picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
|
 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|114r|jpg}}
 
  
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|115v|jpg}}
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
+
| <p>[20] </p>
|-
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 20.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[20] Then they ride towards each other in said Italian armentin.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=114v15r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127v.jpg|1|lbl=127v}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,471: Line 12,604:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 21.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| <p>[21] Thus they enter the arena to compete in strifing jousting, called "der schwaiff" in German.</p>
 
 
<p>The common strifing joust or tilt called "der schwaiff"<ref>Schweiff means to strife, drift or to sweep by. So, in a sense, horse drifting. Or maybe not.</ref> by the Germans, is to be performed as follows: the rider wears shoulder and chest armour that must be equipped with a large hook. On his head he wears an old helmet with a long steel beard hanging from it, that immediately flies off at lance contact. The arms are unprotected, and on his knees he is protected by the armour called "streiffteschen" in German. The lances have moveable vamplates that cover half the man’s arm. The horse is blindfolded by his silk caparison, as you may discern from this picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>[21] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|116r|jpg}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 158v.png|1|lbl=158v}}
 
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|117v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 22.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[22] Then they ride towards each other in said strifing jousting.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=116v17r}}
+
| <p>[22] </p>
 +
|
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,494: Line 12,624:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 23.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| <p>[23] In this manner they enter the arena to the joust in what the Germans call "den bund".</p>
 
 
<p>Jousting called ”den Bund” in German is performed thus: the rider himself wears a helmet that we in German call "ain Rennhuet", and a harness equipped with a large hook. Furthermore he wears a metal beard, that flies off at first contact with the lance. On the arms there is no armour, but on the other hand his knees must be protected with what is called "die straiffteschen". No saddle is to be used. The lance has a movable vamplate, that covers half the man’s arm. The horse is covered in a silk caparison, and blindfolded by it, as you may understand from this picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>[23] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|118r|jpg}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|119v|jpg}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 128r.jpg|1|lbl=128r}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 173v.png|1|lbl=174r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 24.png|800px|center]]
+
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 28.png|800px|center]]
| <p>[24] Here they ride at each other, in said sportly joust.</p>
+
|  
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=118v19r}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 29.png|800px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 25.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| <p>[25] Thus they enter the arena to compete in jousting with pans, called "in der pfannen" in German.<ref>Curious little bugger, ain't ya?</ref></p>
 
 
<p>Pan jousting, or in German "das pfannen rennen", is performed in this manner: the rider has no armour at all, on his chest he has a large shield with a steel grill, in which the lance is stuck, and must keep it there. He sits on the horse without any saddle. The horse itself is covered and blindfolded by a silk caparison, as is clearly displayed in this picture.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|120r|jpg}}
 
 
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 121v.jpg|1|lbl=121v}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 26.png|800px|center]]
 
| <p>[26] Then they run at each other in said pan joust.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|100v|jpg|lbl=120v21r}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|182r|png}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 182r.png|1|lbl=182r}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 153r.jpg|1|lbl=153r}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 199r.png|1|lbl=199r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 30.png|800px|center]]
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| [[File:Mair's tournament 27.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| <p>The end.</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 121v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
|}
+
|-
{{master end}}
+
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 31.png|800px|center]]
 
 
{{master begin
 
| title = Tournaments
 
| width = 240em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
|-
 
! <p><includeonly><span style="font-weight:normal; font-size:85%;">&#91;{{edit|Paulus Hector Mair/Tournament book|edit}}&#93;</span> &nbsp; </includeonly>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] Versions</p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
 
 
|-
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[01] </p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 157r.png|1|lbl=157r}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{paget|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II|124r|jpg|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|1|lbl=124v|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 173r.png|1|lbl=173r}}
 
|
 
 
|-
 
|
 
|
 
| <p>[02] </p>
 
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 32.png|800px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[03] </p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
|-
+
|}
|
+
{{master end}}-->
|
 
| <p>[04] </p>
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 124v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|1|lbl=125r|p=1}}
 
|
 
|
 
  
 +
{{master begin
 +
| title = Conclusion
 +
| width = 240em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
! <p>Source Illustrations</p>
|  
+
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
| <p>[05] </p>
+
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Robert Kraaijeveld]]</p>
|  
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/></p>
|  
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/></p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
|  
+
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
|  
+
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Version]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>Transribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[file:Mair crest.png|400x400px|center|border]]
 +
| <p>'''Herewith the two Art'''-fightbooks should be in your Honor's possession, as they have been combined and put together with unabridged layout by myself, Paulus Hector Mair, citizen of Augsburg, with highest diligence, perfect effort, and considerable costs applied thereon. And hereby, to all those who will receive or acquire artbooks like these, of whatever honor, worthiness or standing, friend or foe, it is my humblestly humble, diligent and friendly wish that they examine these. (I hope) You will graciously gracious find my within these (books) invested effort, diligence and work, kindly likable and enjoyable. Hereby I fully willingly offer anyone (who reads this) (my) helpful servitude, and all the best.</p>
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|328r|png}}
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[06] </p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,631: Line 12,718:
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[07] </p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 157v.png|1|lbl=157v}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125v.jpg|1|lbl=125v|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 304r.jpg|1|lbl=304r}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 12,642: Line 12,727:
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[08] </p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 125v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|1|lbl=126r|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 304r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
  
|-
+
|}
|
+
{{master end}}
|
 
| <p>[09] </p>
 
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 173v.png|1|lbl=173v}}
 
|
 
  
|-
+
{{master begin
|  
+
| title = Copyright and License Summary
|
+
| width = 100%
| <p>[10] </p>
+
}}
|
+
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]].
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|  
 
  
|-  
+
<section begin="sourcebox"/><table class="treatise" style="min-width:84em;">
|
+
  <tr>
|
+
    <th style="width:16em;"> Work </th>
| <p>[11] </p>
+
    <th style="width:20em;"> Author(s) </th>
|
+
    <th style="width:32em;"> Source </th>
|
+
    <th style="width:16em; text-align:center;"> License </th>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
+
  </tr>
|
 
|
 
  
|-  
+
<tr>
|
+
  <td> [[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook]] Images </td>
|  
+
  <td> [[Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg]] </td>
| <p>[12] </p>
+
  <td> [http://www.nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-uba002004-0 Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg] </td>
|
+
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 158r.png|1|lbl=158r}}
+
</tr>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|1|lbl=126v}}
+
<tr>
|  
+
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅰ]] Images </td>
|
+
  <td> [[Sächsische Landesbibliothek]] </td>
 
+
  <td> [http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id275428508 Sächsische Landesbibliothek] </td>
|-
+
  <td> {{public domain}} </td>
|
+
</tr>
|  
+
<tr>
| <p>[13] </p>
+
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Ⅱ]] Images </td>
|
+
  <td> [[Sächsische Landesbibliothek]] </td>
|
+
  <td> [http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id275428370 Sächsische Landesbibliothek] </td>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
  <td> {{public domain}} </td>
|
+
</tr>
|
+
<tr>
 
+
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅰ]] Images </td>
|-  
+
  <td> [[Bayerische Staatsbibliothek]] </td>
|
+
  <td> [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00006570/image_1 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek] </td>
|
+
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
| <p>[14] </p>
+
</tr>
|
+
<tr>
|
+
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ]] Images </td>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
  <td> [[Bayerische Staatsbibliothek]] </td>
|
+
  <td> [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00007894/image_1 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek] </td>
|
+
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
 
+
</tr>
|-
+
<tr>
|
+
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅰ]] Images </td>
|
+
  <td> [[Österreichische Nationalbibliothek]] </td>
| <p>[15] </p>
+
  <td> Wiktenauer </td>
|
+
  <td> {{public domain}} </td>
|
+
</tr>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 126v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
+
<tr>
|  
+
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna Ⅱ]] Images </td>
|
+
  <td> [[Österreichische Nationalbibliothek]] </td>
 
+
  <td> Wiktenauer </td>
|-
+
  <td> {{public domain}} </td>
|
+
</tr>
|  
+
<tr>
| <p>[16] </p>
+
  <td> Translation </td>
|
+
  <td> [[translator::Keith P. Myers]] </td>
|
+
  <td> [http://freifechter.com/articles.cfm Meyer Frei Fechter Guild] </td>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|1|lbl=127r}}
+
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
|  
+
</tr>
|  
+
<tr>
 
+
  <td> Translation </td>
|-
+
  <td> [[translator::Eric Mains]] </td>
|
+
  <td> Documents circulated online: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bzihua89FAOWYklReTYwNnNjQ2c/view] [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bzihua89FAOWOTFPV0thbEItS3c/view] [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bzihua89FAOWb3AwNUtZNHB4aEU/view] </td>
|  
+
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
| <p>[17] </p>
+
</tr>
|
+
<tr>
|
+
  <td> Translation </td>
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
  <td> [[translator::Jason Taylor]] </td>
|
+
  <td> Wiktenauer </td>
|
+
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> Translation </td>
 +
  <td> [[translator::Reinier&nbsp;van&nbsp;Noort]], [[translator::Saskia&nbsp;Roselaar]] </td>
 +
  <td> [http://www.noorderwind.org/documents/PHMair_Sickle_English_translation.pdf De Orde der Noorderwind] </td>
 +
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> Translation </td>
 +
  <td> [[translator::Per Magnus Haaland]] </td>
 +
  <td> Private communication </td>
 +
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> Translation </td>
 +
  <td> [[translator::Kendra&nbsp;Brown]], [[translator::Rebecca&nbsp;Garber]], [[translator::Mark&nbsp;Millman]], [[translator::Jon&nbsp;Reynolds]], [[translator::Amy&nbsp;West]] </td>
 +
  <td> Cambridge HEMA Society </td>
 +
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> [[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook]] Transcription </td>
 +
  <td> [[Dierk Hagedorn]] </td>
 +
  <td> [[Index: Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6..4)]] </td>
 +
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I]] Transcription </td>
 +
  <td> [[Pierre-Henry&nbsp;Bas]], [[Julia&nbsp;Gräf]], [[Ingo&nbsp;Petri]] </td>
 +
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)]] </td>
 +
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II]] Transcription </td>
 +
  <td> [[Pierre-Henry&nbsp;Bas]], [[Jan&nbsp;Gosewinkel]], [[Oliver&nbsp;Janseps]], [[Bartłomiej&nbsp;Walczak]] </td>
 +
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)]] </td>
 +
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I]] Transcription </td>
 +
  <td> [[Per&nbsp;Magnus&nbsp;Haaland]], [[Saskia&nbsp;Roselaar]] </td>
 +
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)]] </td>
 +
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich Ⅱ]] Transcription </td>
 +
  <td> [[Kendra&nbsp;Brown]], [[Per&nbsp;Magnus&nbsp;Haaland]], [[User:Robinverhoef|Robin&nbsp;Verhoef]] </td>
 +
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)]] </td>
 +
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I]] Transcription </td>
 +
  <td> [[Dieter&nbsp;Bachmann]], [[Kendra&nbsp;Brown]], [[Rebecca&nbsp;Garber]], [[Julia&nbsp;Gräf]], [[Anton&nbsp;Kohutovič]], [[Keith&nbsp;Myers]], [[Ingo&nbsp;Petri]], [[Amy&nbsp;West]], [[Robin&nbsp;Verhoef]], [[Christiaan&nbsp;Verhoef]] </td>
 +
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)]] </td>
 +
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II]] Transcription </td>
 +
  <td> [[Per Magnus Haaland]] </td>
 +
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)]] </td>
 +
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table><section end="sourcebox"/>
 +
{{master end}}
 +
 
 +
== Additional Resources ==
  
|-  
+
* [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng|Forgeng, Jeffrey L.]]. "The Martial Arts Treatise of Paulus Hector Mair". ''Die Kunst des Fechtens'': 267-284. Ed. Elisabeth Vavra, Matthias Johannes Bauer. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, 2017. ISBN 978-3-8253-6699-5
|  
+
* [[Brian Hunt|Hunt, Brian]]. "Paulus Hector Mair: Peasant Staff and Flail." ''Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts''. Ed. [[Jeffrey Hull]]. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
|
+
* [[David Knight|Knight, David James]], and Hunt, Brian. ''The Polearms of Paulus Hector Mair''. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-644-7
| <p>[18] </p>
+
* Turya, Petr; Stuart Quayle. ''Book of fencing skills. Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94). Long sword.'' Self-published, 2021.
|  
+
* [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]]. ''"…und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen". Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert.'' Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|
 
  
|-
+
== References ==
|
 
|
 
| <p>[19] </p>
 
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|
 
  
|-
+
{{reflist}}
|
+
{{DEFAULTSORT: Mair, Paulus Hector}}
|
+
{{Liechtenauer tradition}}
| <p>[20] </p>
+
__FORCETOC__
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127v.jpg|1|lbl=127v}}
 
|
 
|
 
  
|-
+
[[Category:Masters]]
|
 
|
 
| <p>[21] </p>
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 158v.png|1|lbl=158v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|
 
  
|-
+
[[Category:Translation]]
|
 
|
 
| <p>[22] </p>
 
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 127v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|
 
  
|-
+
[[Category:German]]
|
+
[[Category:Latin]]
|
 
| <p>[23] </p>
 
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 128r.jpg|1|lbl=128r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 173v.png|1|lbl=174r}}
 
|
 
  
|-
+
[[Category:Armored Fencing]]
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 28.png|800px|center]]
+
[[Category:Dagger]]
|
+
[[Category:Dussack]]
|
+
[[Category:Flail]]
|
+
[[Category:Grappling]]
|
+
[[Category:Longshield]]
|
+
[[Category:Longsword]]
|
+
[[Category:Mounted Fencing]]
 
+
[[Category:Peasant Weapons]]
|-
+
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 29.png|800px|center]]
+
[[Category:Pike]]
|
+
[[Category:Side Sword]]
|
+
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
|
+
[[Category:Sword and Cloak]]
|
+
[[Category:Sword and Dagger]]
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|182r|png}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 182r.png|1|lbl=182r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 153r.jpg|1|lbl=153r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 199r.png|1|lbl=199r}}
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 30.png|800px|center]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 31.png|800px|center]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| colspan="2" | [[File:Mair's tournament 32.png|800px|center]]
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|}
 
{{master end}}
 
 
 
{{master begin
 
| title = Conclusion
 
| width = 240em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
|-
 
! <p>Source Images</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden Version]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Robert Kraaijeveld]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)}}<br/></p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [German] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}<br/></p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II Transcription]] [Latin] (1550s){{edit index|Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)}}</p>
 
! <p>[[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook Transcription]] (1540s){{edit index|Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
 
 
|-
 
|
 
| rowspan="2" | [[file:Mair crest.png|400x400px|center|border]]
 
| <p>'''Herewith the two Art'''-fightbooks should be in your Honor's possession, as they have been combined and put together with unabridged layout by myself, Paulus Hector Mair, citizen of Augsburg, with highest diligence, perfect effort, and considerable costs applied thereon. And hereby, to all those who will receive or acquire artbooks like these, of whatever honor, worthiness or standing, friend or foe, it is my humblestly humble, diligent and friendly wish that they examine these. (I hope) You will graciously gracious find my within these (books) invested effort, diligence and work, kindly likable and enjoyable. Hereby I fully willingly offer anyone (who reads this) (my) helpful servitude, and all the best.</p>
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Dresd.C.94|328r|png}}
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 304r.jpg|1|lbl=304r}}
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 II 304r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|}
 
{{master end}}
 
 
 
{{master begin
 
| title = Copyright and License Summary
 
| width = 100%
 
}}
 
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]].
 
 
 
<section begin="sourcebox"/><table class="treatise" style="min-width:84em;">
 
  <tr>
 
    <th style="width:16em;"> Work </th>
 
    <th style="width:20em;"> Author(s) </th>
 
    <th style="width:32em;"> Source </th>
 
    <th style="width:16em; text-align:center;"> License </th>
 
  </tr>
 
 
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook]] Images </td>
 
  <td> [[Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg]] </td>
 
  <td> [http://www.nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-uba002004-0 Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg] </td>
 
  <td> {{PD-permission}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I]] Images </td>
 
  <td> [[Sächsische Landesbibliothek]] </td>
 
  <td> [http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id275428508 Sächsische Landesbibliothek] </td>
 
  <td> {{CC-BY-SA-4.0}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II]] Images </td>
 
  <td> [[Sächsische Landesbibliothek]] </td>
 
  <td> [http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id275428370 Sächsische Landesbibliothek] </td>
 
  <td> {{CC-BY-SA-4.0}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I]] Images </td>
 
  <td> [[Bayerische Staatsbibliothek]] </td>
 
  <td> [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00006570/image_1 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek] </td>
 
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II]] Images </td>
 
  <td> [[Bayerische Staatsbibliothek]] </td>
 
  <td> [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00007894/image_1 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek] </td>
 
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I]] Images </td>
 
  <td> [[Österreichische Nationalbibliothek]] </td>
 
  <td> Wiktenauer </td>
 
  <td> {{PD-permission}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II]] Images </td>
 
  <td> [[Österreichische Nationalbibliothek]] </td>
 
  <td> Wiktenauer </td>
 
  <td> {{PD-permission}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> Translation </td>
 
  <td> [[Keith P. Myers]] </td>
 
  <td> [http://freifechter.com/articles.cfm Meyer Frei Fechter Guild] </td>
 
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> Translation </td>
 
  <td> [[Eric Mains]] </td>
 
  <td> Documents circulated online: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bzihua89FAOWYklReTYwNnNjQ2c/view] [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bzihua89FAOWOTFPV0thbEItS3c/view] [https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bzihua89FAOWb3AwNUtZNHB4aEU/view] </td>
 
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> Translation </td>
 
  <td> [[Jason Taylor]] </td>
 
  <td> Wiktenauer </td>
 
  <td> {{CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> Translation </td>
 
  <td> [[Reinier&nbsp;van&nbsp;Noort]], [[Saskia&nbsp;Roselaar]] </td>
 
  <td> [http://www.noorderwind.org/documents/PHMair_Sickle_English_translation.pdf De Orde der Noorderwind] </td>
 
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> Translation </td>
 
  <td> [[Per Magnus Haaland]] </td>
 
  <td> Private communication </td>
 
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> Translation </td>
 
  <td> [[Kendra&nbsp;Brown]], [[Rebecca&nbsp;Garber]], [[Mark&nbsp;Millman]], [[Jon&nbsp;Reynolds]], [[Amy&nbsp;West]] </td>
 
  <td> Cambridge HEMA Society </td>
 
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)|Draftbook]] Transcription </td>
 
  <td> [[Dierk Hagedorn]] </td>
 
  <td> [[Index: Jörg Breu Draftbook (Cod.I.6.2º.4)]] </td>
 
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden I]] Transcription </td>
 
  <td> [[Pierre-Henry&nbsp;Bas]], [[Julia&nbsp;Gräf]], [[Ingo&nbsp;Petri]] </td>
 
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.93)]] </td>
 
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MSS Dresd.C.93/C.94)|Dresden II]] Transcription </td>
 
  <td> [[Pierre-Henry&nbsp;Bas]], [[Jan&nbsp;Gosewinkel]], [[Oliver&nbsp;Janseps]], [[Bartłomiej&nbsp;Walczak]] </td>
 
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (MS Dresd.C.94)]] </td>
 
  <td> {{copyrighted}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich I]] Transcription </td>
 
  <td> [[Per&nbsp;Magnus&nbsp;Haaland]], [[Saskia&nbsp;Roselaar]] </td>
 
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 I)]] </td>
 
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich II]] Transcription </td>
 
  <td> [[Kendra&nbsp;Brown]], [[Per&nbsp;Magnus&nbsp;Haaland]], [[User:Robinverhoef|Robin&nbsp;Verhoef]] </td>
 
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393 II)]] </td>
 
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna I]] Transcription </td>
 
  <td> [[Dieter&nbsp;Bachmann]], [[Kendra&nbsp;Brown]], [[Rebecca&nbsp;Garber]], [[Julia&nbsp;Gräf]], [[Anton&nbsp;Kohutovič]], [[Keith&nbsp;Myers]], [[Ingo&nbsp;Petri]], [[Amy&nbsp;West]], [[Robin&nbsp;Verhoef]], [[Christiaan&nbsp;Verhoef]] </td>
 
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825)]] </td>
 
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
  <td> [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna II]] Transcription </td>
 
  <td> [[Per Magnus Haaland]] </td>
 
  <td> [[Index:Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10826)]] </td>
 
  <td> {{various licenses}} </td>
 
</tr>
 
</table><section end="sourcebox"/>
 
{{master end}}
 
  
== Additional Resources ==
+
[[Category:New format]]
 
 
* [[Brian Hunt|Hunt, Brian]]. "Paulus Hector Mair: Peasant Staff and Flail." ''Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts''. Ed. [[Jeffrey Hull]]. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
 
* [[David Knight|Knight, David James]], and Hunt, Brian. ''The Polearms of Paulus Hector Mair''. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-644-7
 
* [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]]. ''"…und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen". Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert.'' Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8
 
 
 
== References ==
 
 
 
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT: Mair, Paulus Hector}}
 
{{Liechtenauer tradition}}
 
__FORCETOC__
 
 
 
[[Category:Masters]]
 
 
 
[[Category:Translation]]
 
 
 
[[Category:German]]
 
[[Category:Latin]]
 
 
 
[[Category:Armored Fencing]]
 
[[Category:Dagger]]
 
[[Category:Dussack]]
 
[[Category:Flail]]
 
[[Category:Grappling]]
 
[[Category:Longshield]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Mounted Fencing]]
 
[[Category:Peasant Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Pike]]
 
[[Category:Side Sword]]
 
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Cloak]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Dagger]]
 

Revision as of 20:09, 18 April 2022

Paulus Hector Mair

"Mair", Cod.icon. 312b f 64r
Born 1517
Augsburg, Germany
Died 10 Dec 1579 (age 62)
Augsburg, Germany
Occupation
  • Civil servant
  • Historian
Movement
Influences
Genres
Language
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Knight and Hunt, 2008
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations
Signature Paulus Hector Mair Sig.png

Paulus Hector Mair (Paulsen Hektor Mayr, Paulus Hector Meyer; 1517 – 1579) was a 16th century German aristocrat, civil servant, and fencer. He was born in 1517 to a wealthy and influential Augsburg patrician family. In his youth, he likely received training in fencing and grappling from the masters of Augsburg fencing guild, and early on developed a deep fascination with fencing treatises. He began his civil service as a secretary to the Augsburg City Council; by 1541, Mair was the city treasurer, and in 1545 he also took on the office of Master of Rations.

Mair's martial background is unknown, but as a citizen of a free city he would have had military obligations whenever the city went to war, and as a member of a patrician family he likely served in the cavalry. He was also an avid collector of fencing treatises and other literature on military history. Like his contemporary Joachim Meyer, Mair believed that the Medieval martial arts were being forgotten, and he saw this as a tragedy, idealizing the arts of fencing as a civilizing and character-building influence on men. Where Meyer sought to update the traditional fencing systems and apply them to contemporary weapons of war and defense, Mair was more interested in preserving historical teachings intact. Thus, some time in the latter part of the 1540s he commissioned what would become the most extensive compendium of German fencing treatises ever made, a massive two-volume manuscript compiling virtually every fencing treatise he could access. He retained Jörg Breu the Younger to create the illustrations for the text,[1] and hired two Augsburg fencers to pose for the illustrations.[2] This project was extraordinarily expensive and took at least four years to complete. Ultimately, three copies of this compendium were produced, each more extensive than the last; the first (MSS Dresden C.93/C.94) was written in Early New High German, the second and most artistically ambitious (Cod.icon. 393) in New Latin, and the rougher third version (Cod. 10825/10826) incorporated both languages.

Beginning in the 1540s, Mair began purchasing older fencing manuscripts, some from fellow collector Lienhart Sollinger (a Freifechter who lived in Augsburg for many years) and others from auctions. Perhaps most significant of all of his acquisitions was the partially-completed treatise of Antonius Rast, a Master of the Long Sword and three-time Captain of the Marxbrüder fencing guild. The venerable master left it incomplete when he died in 1549, and in 1553 Mair produced a complete fencing manual (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82) based on his notes. Ultimately, he owned over a dozen fencing manuscripts over the course of his life, including the following:

He also used several printed books as source material for his compendia, and presumably owned copies, including Der Allten Fechter gründtliche Kunst (printed by Christian Egenolff), Opera Nova by Achille Marozzo, and Ringer Kunst by Fabian von Auerswald.

Mair not only spent incredible sums of money on his fencing interests, but generally lead a lavish lifestyle and maintained his political influence with expensive parties and other entertainments for the burghers and patricians of Augsburg. This habit of living far beyond his means for decades exhausted his family's wealth, eventually leading him to sell the Latin version of his fencing manuscript (netting the princely sum of 800 florins) and finally to begin embezzling money from the Augsburg city coffers. This embezzlement was not discovered for many years (or perhaps was overlooked due to the favor his parties garnered), until finally in 1579 a disgruntled assistant reported him to the Augsburg City Council and provoked an audit of his books. Mair was arrested, tried, and hanged as a thief at the age of 62. After Mair's death, his effects (including his library) were sold at auction to recoup some of the funds he had embezzled.

Whether viewed as an unwise scholar who paid the ultimate price for his art or an ignoble thief who violated his city's trust, Mair remains one of the most influential figures in the history of Kunst des Fechtens. By completing the fencing manual of Antonius Rast, Mair gave us valuable insight into the Nuremberg fencing tradition; his own works are impressive on both an artistic and practical level, and his extensive commentary on the fencing illustrations in his collection serves to make potentially useful training aids out of what would otherwise be mere curiosities. Finally, in purchasing so many important fencing treatises he succeeded in preserving them for future generations; they were purchased by the fabulously wealthy Fugger family after his death and ultimately passed to the Augsburg University Library, where they remain to this day.

Treatise

Much of Mair's content represents his revision and expansion of the older treatises listed above, including adding descriptive content to uncaptioned illustrations. Where available, these illustrations are displayed in the left-most column, labeled "Source Illustrations", for comparison purposes. Mair's own illustrations appear in the second column, alongside the translation.

The Dresden version contains the fewest devices and artwork most reminiscent of Breu's style, and appears therefore to be the original copy. The Munich adds additional plays and sections on top of the Dresden's contents, and the Vienna likewise augments the Munich, suggesting that this is likely order of creation; conversely, the Dresden has no unique content, and the only unique plays in the Munich are in the section on jousting. To give a visual sense of this evolution of the work, the Dresden illustrations are used wherever possible; the Munich illustrations appear only in those plays that are omitted from the Dresden, and the Vienna in those that are unique to that work.