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| influenced          = {{plainlist
 
| influenced          = {{plainlist
 
  | [[Hans Medel]] (?)
 
  | [[Hans Medel]] (?)
  | [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutter]]
+
  | [[Jörg Wilhalm]]
 
}}
 
}}
 
| awards              =  
 
| awards              =  
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In the 1490s, Falkner seems to have produced at least two manuscript fencing manuals (becoming the first member of the Brotherhood of Saint Mark to do so, unless [[Hans Talhoffer]] were also a member). Sadly, only the shorter of the two manuscripts, ''Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were'' ([[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|MS KK5012]]),<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010. p 11</ref> survives. This fully-illustrated manuscript includes a sword section is based on Liechtenauer's Recital and a messer section based on that of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] (though in both cases with considerable alteration and elaboration by Falkner, and several short sections on other weapons which appear to be entirely original.
 
In the 1490s, Falkner seems to have produced at least two manuscript fencing manuals (becoming the first member of the Brotherhood of Saint Mark to do so, unless [[Hans Talhoffer]] were also a member). Sadly, only the shorter of the two manuscripts, ''Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were'' ([[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|MS KK5012]]),<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010. p 11</ref> survives. This fully-illustrated manuscript includes a sword section is based on Liechtenauer's Recital and a messer section based on that of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] (though in both cases with considerable alteration and elaboration by Falkner, and several short sections on other weapons which appear to be entirely original.
  
The longer of the two manuscripts, known as the [[Falkner Turnierbuch]], seems to have been destroyed by Prussian bombardment during the Siege of Strasbourg in 1870. What little we know about its contents comes from records made before this time, which seem to indicate a manuscript of at least 111 folia containing an anthology of treatises by other masters of the Liechtenauer tradition, as well as a few works of unknown origin. There is also a possible third Falkner manuscript, the apparently-anonymous [[Cluny Fechtbuch (Cl. 23842)|MS Cl. 23842]], whose illustrations bear a strong resemblance to the artwork in KK5012 and which seems to even directly allude to it.<ref>Based on the caption "Here begin Peter's devices: the sword-taking with counters and grappling. This is painted according to the Record, or according to the Running Through [rather than] the Record." (''Hie hebendt peters stuck an: die swert nemen mit pruchen und ringen. Lasz ab malen nach deme zetel oder nach dem durchlauffen…[illegible] zettel'') on [[:File:CL23842 47r.jpg|f 47r]]. Compare with the device on [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_15r.jpg f 15r] of Falkner's work.</ref>  
+
The longer of the two manuscripts, known as the [[Falkner Turnierbuch]], seems to have been destroyed by Prussian bombardment during the Siege of Strasbourg in 1870. What little we know about its contents comes from records made before this time, which seem to indicate a manuscript of at least 111 folia containing an anthology of treatises by other masters of the Liechtenauer tradition, as well as a few works of unknown origin. There is also a possible third Falkner manuscript, the apparently-anonymous [[Cluny Fechtbuch (Cl. 23842)|MS Cl. 23842]], whose illustrations bear a strong resemblance to the artwork in KK5012 and which seems to even directly allude to it.<ref>Based on the caption "Here begin Peter's pieces: the sword-taking with counters and grappling. This is painted according to the Record, or according to the Running Through [rather than] the Record." (''Hie hebendt peters stuck an: die swert nemen mit pruchen und ringen. Lasz ab malen nach deme zetel oder nach dem durchlauffen…[illegible] zettel'') on [[:File:CL23842 47r.jpg|f 47r]]. Compare with the piece on [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_15r.jpg f 15r] of Falkner's work.</ref>  
  
Falkner's artwork resembles to some extent the earlier treatises of [[Paulus Kal]], which may have been his inspiration, and his art seem in turn to have influenced [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutter]] (especially if he created Cl. 23842).
+
Falkner's artwork resembles to some extent the earlier treatises of [[Paulus Kal]], which may have been his inspiration, and his art seem in turn to have influenced [[Jörg Wilhalm]] (especially if he created Cl. 23842).
  
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations<br/></p>
 
! <p>Illustrations<br/></p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[translator::Christian Trosclair]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p><section end="credits1"/>
+
! <p>[[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|Vienna Version]] (1495){{edit index|Kunste_Zu_Ritterlicher_Were_(MS_KK5012)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p><section end="credits1"/>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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| [[File:MS KK5012 9r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_09r.jpg]]
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 9r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_09r.jpg]]
 
|  
 
|  
run-over<ref>Überlaufen has the connotations: to overwhelm, overflow, bypass, stride across.</ref> him.<br/>
+
Run-over<ref>Überlaufen has the connotations: to overwhelm, overflow, bypass, stride across.</ref> him.<br/>
 
Wind and raise the pommel.<br/>
 
Wind and raise the pommel.<br/>
 
If you wish to wrestle or to press,<br/>
 
If you wish to wrestle or to press,<br/>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[Kristopher Micozzi]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kristopher Micozzi]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|Vienna Version]] (1495){{edit index|Kunste_Zu_Ritterlicher_Were_(MS_KK5012)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[translator::Philippe Charlebois]]</p>  
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Philippe Charlebois]]</p>  
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|Vienna Version]] (1495){{edit index|Kunste_Zu_Ritterlicher_Were_(MS_KK5012)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[translator::Betsy Winslow]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Betsy Winslow]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|Vienna Version]] (1495){{edit index|Kunste_Zu_Ritterlicher_Were_(MS_KK5012)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Kraków Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Kraków Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 59r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_59r.jpg]]
 
| [[File:MS KK5012 59r.jpg|400x400px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ms._KK5012_59r.jpg]]
| <p><br/></p>
+
| <p>'''Yet a technique, that is called the running over'''</p>
  
<p>Yet a technique, that is called the running over. When he has bound on your staff, then fall in above over his right shoulder on the neck with the point, he will then set off the point with the other point of his staff, then quickly strike with your other point in to the head, or thrust him in the breast.</p>
+
<p>When he has bound on your staff, then fall in above over his right shoulder on the neck with the point, he will then set off the point with the other point of his staff, then quickly strike with your other point in to the head, or thrust him in the breast.<ref>Kraków adds a final clause: "when you are far from one another".</ref></p>
| <p><br/></p>
+
| {{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|59r|jpg}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Ms. KK5012|59r|jpg}}
 
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|085v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|085v|jpg}}
  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[translator::Hugh Knight]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Hugh Knight]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|Vienna Version]] (1495){{edit index|Kunste_Zu_Ritterlicher_Were_(MS_KK5012)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[translator::Philippe Charlebois]]</p>  
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Philippe Charlebois]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|Vienna Version]] (1495){{edit index|Kunste_Zu_Ritterlicher_Were_(MS_KK5012)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[translator::Philippe Charlebois]]</p>  
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Philippe Charlebois]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012)|Vienna Version]] (1495){{edit index|Kunste_Zu_Ritterlicher_Were_(MS_KK5012)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
  | authors    = [[Christian Trosclair]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Christian Trosclair]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
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{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
  | authors    = [[Kris Micozzi]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Kris Micozzi]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
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{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
  | authors    = [[Philippe Charlebois]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Philippe Charlebois]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
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{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
  | authors    = [[Betsy Winslow]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Betsy Winslow]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
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{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
  | authors    = [[Hugh Knight]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Hugh Knight]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= Private communication
 
  | source title= Private communication
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== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
* [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''Captain of the Guild: Master Peter Falkner's Art of Knightly Defense''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2011. ISBN 978-0-9825911-1-6
+
{{bibliography}}
* [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]]. "Ein unvollendetes Meisterwerk der Fecht- und Ringkampfliteratur des 16. Jahrhunderts sucht seinen Autor: der Landshuter Holzschneider und Maler Georg Lemberger als Fecht- und Ringbuchillustrator?" ''Codices manuscripti & impressi.'' Supplementum 12. Purkersdorf: Verlag Brüder Hollinek, 2017.
 
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==

Latest revision as of 19:09, 29 October 2023

Peter Falkner
Born ca. 1460s
Died after 1506
Occupation Fencing master
Citizenship Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Movement Marxbrüder
Influences
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Tobler, 2011
Translations Deutsch-Übersetzung

Peter Falkner (Peter Faulkner, Petter Falckner) was a 15th century German fencing master. His early life is uncertain, but he was certified as a Master of the Long Sword by the Marxbrüder in Frankfurt-am-Main some time before 1491.[1] Falkner was a witness of record to the guild's biannual treasury accounting in 1496, a task he performed again in 1506.[1] In 1502, he was elected as Captain (Hauptman) of the guild, and he seems to have served an unusual three consecutive terms.[1][2]

In the 1490s, Falkner seems to have produced at least two manuscript fencing manuals (becoming the first member of the Brotherhood of Saint Mark to do so, unless Hans Talhoffer were also a member). Sadly, only the shorter of the two manuscripts, Kunste Zu Ritterlicher Were (MS KK5012),[3] survives. This fully-illustrated manuscript includes a sword section is based on Liechtenauer's Recital and a messer section based on that of Johannes Lecküchner (though in both cases with considerable alteration and elaboration by Falkner, and several short sections on other weapons which appear to be entirely original.

The longer of the two manuscripts, known as the Falkner Turnierbuch, seems to have been destroyed by Prussian bombardment during the Siege of Strasbourg in 1870. What little we know about its contents comes from records made before this time, which seem to indicate a manuscript of at least 111 folia containing an anthology of treatises by other masters of the Liechtenauer tradition, as well as a few works of unknown origin. There is also a possible third Falkner manuscript, the apparently-anonymous MS Cl. 23842, whose illustrations bear a strong resemblance to the artwork in KK5012 and which seems to even directly allude to it.[4]

Falkner's artwork resembles to some extent the earlier treatises of Paulus Kal, which may have been his inspiration, and his art seem in turn to have influenced Jörg Wilhalm (especially if he created Cl. 23842).

Treatise

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Anonymous. "Ordnung und Chronik der Fechtbruderschaft Unserer Lieben Frau und Sankt Markus zu Frankfurt 1491 - 1566" (in Early New High German). Untitled [manuscript]. Comp. Paulus Hector Mair. Codex I.6.2º.5. Augsburg, Germany: Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg, 1566.
  2. The Chronik der Fechtbruderschaft lists him as Captain in 1502 and 1504, and does not mention a new Captain until 1508. There is no indication of who held the office during the 1506-1507 term, so Falkner may possibly have continued during that time.
  3. Tobler, Christian Henry. In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010. p 11
  4. Based on the caption "Here begin Peter's pieces: the sword-taking with counters and grappling. This is painted according to the Record, or according to the Running Through [rather than] the Record." (Hie hebendt peters stuck an: die swert nemen mit pruchen und ringen. Lasz ab malen nach deme zetel oder nach dem durchlauffen…[illegible] zettel) on f 47r. Compare with the piece on f 15r of Falkner's work.
  5. alt: side
  6. alt: weapons
  7. Or Curved
  8. Or Cross, Barrier
  9. Or Canted, Slanted, Difficult to See
  10. Or Vertex, Scalper
  11. Ambiguous “from the right”, “properly” or “directly”
  12. Indes - Both within and during
  13. I changed this from the passive voice to the active, because it sounds weird. literally: "The war is not prone to you."
  14. Ambiguous “to the right”, “properly” or “directly”
  15. Leger - guards
  16. Versetzen - parrying
  17. Überlaufen has the connotations: to overwhelm, overflow, bypass, stride across.
  18. Überlaufen has the connotations: to overwhelm, overflow, bypass, stride across. It is used as a noun here.
  19. Das »g« könnte auch ein »h« sein.
  20. Kraków adds a final clause: "when you are far from one another".