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  | [[author::Andres Juden]]
 
  | [[author::Andres Juden]]
 
  | [[author::Hans Döbringer]]
 
  | [[author::Hans Döbringer]]
  | Pseudo-Döbringer
+
  | [[author::Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | Marcus Graecus
+
  | [[author::Marcus Graecus]]
 
  | [[author::Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 
  | [[author::Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 
  | [[author::Jobs von der Nissen]]
 
  | [[author::Jobs von der Nissen]]
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<!----------Form and content---------->
 
<!----------Form and content---------->
 
| Material          = Paper and parchment, in a leather <br/>binding
 
| Material          = Paper and parchment, in a leather <br/>binding
| Size              = 169 [[folia]] (145 mm x 105 mm)
+
| Size              = 169 [[folia]] (105 mm × 145 mm)
 
| Format            = Double-sided, with black and red ink
 
| Format            = Double-sided, with black and red ink
 
| Condition          =  
 
| Condition          =  
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}}
 
}}
 
}}
 
}}
The '''Pol Hausbuch''' (MS 3227a) is a [[nationality::German]] [[commonplace book]] (or ''Hausbuch'' in German) thought to have been created some time between 1389 and 1494.<ref>The date of 1389 is based on the presence of a 105-year religious calendar on [[page:MS 3227a 83v.jpg|folio 83v]] that begins in 1390, while the date 1494 is included with the signature of Nicolaus Pol [[page:MS 3227a Cover 2.jpg|inside the front cover]].</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Germanisches Nationalmuseum]] in Nuremberg, Germany. It is sometimes erroneously attributed to [[Hans Döbringer]],<ref>The attribution to Hans "Hanko" Döbringer is based on how prominently the name "Hanko pfaffen Döbringers" appears to be displayed on [[page:MS 3227a 43r.jpg|folio 43r]], but upon examination this is revealed as a simple correction inserted in the margin indicating that Döbringer's name had been accidentally omitted from the list of four authors of the treatise beginning on that page. Attributing this manuscript to Döbringer therefore requires him to have forgotten to include his own name in his own treatise.</ref> when in fact he is but one of the four authors of a brief addendum to [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]'s art of [[long sword]] fencing, the only fencing material in the manuscript that appears in [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|another fencing manual]]. The rest of the manuscript is a typical example of a commonplace book, containing a variety of unrelated treatises on mundane and esoteric topics, including fencing and grappling. The martial sections of the text seem to consist of commentary on and expansion of the teachings of Liechtenauer, even containing the only biographical details of the master yet discovered, and it is even speculated that he was still alive at the time of the writing.<ref>The manuscript uniformly lacks the traditional prayer for the dead when mentioning his name.</ref>
+
The '''Pol Hausbuch''' (MS 3227a) is a [[nationality::German]] [[commonplace book]] (or ''Hausbuch'' in German) thought to have been created some time between 1389 and 1494.<ref>The date of 1389 is based on the presence of a 105-year religious calendar on [[page:MS 3227a 83v.jpg|folio 83v]] that begins in 1390, while the date 1494 is included with the signature of Nicolaus Pol [[page:MS 3227a Cover 2.jpg|inside the front cover]].</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Germanisches Nationalmuseum]] in Nuremberg, Germany. It is sometimes erroneously attributed to [[Hans Döbringer]],<ref>The attribution to Hans "Hanko" Döbringer is based on how prominently the name "Hanko pfaffen Döbringers" appears to be displayed on [[page:MS 3227a 43r.jpg|folio 43r]], but upon examination this is revealed as a simple correction inserted in the margin indicating that Döbringer's name had been accidentally omitted from the list of four authors of the treatise beginning on that page. Attributing this manuscript to Döbringer therefore requires him to have forgotten to include his own name in his own treatise.</ref> when in fact he is but one of the four authors of a brief addendum to [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]'s art of [[long sword]] fencing, the only fencing material in the manuscript that appears in [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|another fencing manual]]. The rest of the manuscript is a typical example of a commonplace book, containing a variety of unrelated treatises on mundane and esoteric topics, including fencing and grappling, but for this reason, the anonymous author of the rest of the fencing material is sometimes known as [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]. Pseudo-Döbringer's writings seem to consist of commentary on and expansion of the teachings of Liechtenauer, even containing the only biographical details of the master yet discovered, and it is even speculated that he was still alive at the time of the writing.<ref>The manuscript uniformly lacks the traditional prayer for the dead when mentioning his name.</ref>
  
 
[[Christian Tobler]] argues that it is unjustified to assume a date of 1389 based purely on the presence of a century-long calendar. The eclectic nature of commonplace books means that the calendar could easily have been an old calendar or even a future one. As the date of the Pol Hausbuch is also used to estimate the time period of Liechtenauer's career, this is a significant error. (Using it to date Liechtenauer is further complicated by the fact that even if he were alive when the fencing treatise was written, the version in this manuscript is potentially a later copy rather than the original.)<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010.</ref> An upper limit on the origin of the manuscript can be set based on the date in the cover, but realistically it could still originate from any time between the turn of the 15th century and Nicolaus Pol's ownership in 1494.
 
[[Christian Tobler]] argues that it is unjustified to assume a date of 1389 based purely on the presence of a century-long calendar. The eclectic nature of commonplace books means that the calendar could easily have been an old calendar or even a future one. As the date of the Pol Hausbuch is also used to estimate the time period of Liechtenauer's career, this is a significant error. (Using it to date Liechtenauer is further complicated by the fact that even if he were alive when the fencing treatise was written, the version in this manuscript is potentially a later copy rather than the original.)<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010.</ref> An upper limit on the origin of the manuscript can be set based on the date in the cover, but realistically it could still originate from any time between the turn of the 15th century and Nicolaus Pol's ownership in 1494.
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{| class="treatise"
 
{| class="treatise"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="page" | 1r - 5v
+
! id="page" | [[Marcus Graecus|1r - 5v]]
| Treatise on fireworks (''Marcus Graecus: Liber Ignium'')
+
| ''Liber Ignium'' by [[Marcus Graecus]]
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
! 13v - 17v
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|13v - 17v]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| Fencing advice by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Anonymous fencing advice
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/13v - 17v}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
! 18r - 40r
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|18r - 40r]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| [[Gloss]] of Liechtenauer's long sword by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Anonymous gloss of Liechtenauer's long sword
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/18r - 40r}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
! 64r - 65r
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|64r - 65r]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| Conclusion of the teachings of Liechtenauer by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Conclusion of the teachings of Liechtenauer
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/64r - 65r}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
! 74r
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|74r]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| Sword and buckler teachings by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Anonymous sword and buckler teachings
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/74r}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
! 78r
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|78r]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| Staff teachings by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Anonymous staff teachings
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/78r}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
! 82rv
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|82rv]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| Messer teachings by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Anonymous Messer teachings
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/82rv}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
! 84r - 85r
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|84r - 85r]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| Dagger teachings by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Anonymous dagger teachings
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/84r - 85r}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
! 86r, 87r - 89r
+
! [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|86r]], [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer|87r - 89r]]
| {{treatise begin
+
| Grappling teachings by [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]]
  | title = Anonymous grappling teachings
 
  | width = 60em
 
}}
 
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/86r - 89r}}
 
{{treatise end}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! 92r
 
! 92r
| Mead recipe
+
| {{treatise begin
 +
  | title = Mead recipe
 +
  | width = 60em
 +
}}
 +
{{:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)/92r}}
 +
{{treatise end}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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== Gallery==
 
== Gallery==
 +
 +
{{collation}}
  
 
{{Image|MS 3227a Cover 1.jpg|Cover 1}}
 
{{Image|MS 3227a Cover 1.jpg|Cover 1}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 99r.jpg|Folio 99r}}
 
{{Image|MS 3227a 99r.jpg|Folio 99r}}
 
{{Image|MS 3227a 99v.jpg|Folio 99v}}
 
{{Image|MS 3227a 99v.jpg|Folio 99v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 100r.jpg|Folio 100r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 100v.jpg|Folio 100v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 101r.jpg|Folio 101r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 101v.jpg|Folio 101v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 102r.jpg|Folio 102r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 102v.jpg|Folio 102v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 103r.jpg|Folio 103r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 103v.jpg|Folio 103v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 104r.jpg|Folio 104r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 104v.jpg|Folio 104v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 105r.jpg|Folio 105r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 105v.jpg|Folio 105v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 106r.jpg|Folio 106r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 106v.jpg|Folio 106v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 107r.jpg|Folio 107r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 107v.jpg|Folio 107v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 108r.jpg|Folio 108r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 108v.jpg|Folio 108v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 109r.jpg|Folio 109r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 109v.jpg|Folio 109v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 110r.jpg|Folio 110r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 110v.jpg|Folio 110v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 111r.jpg|Folio 111r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 111v.jpg|Folio 111v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 112r.jpg|Folio 112r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 112v.jpg|Folio 112v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 113r.jpg|Folio 113r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 113v.jpg|Folio 113v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 114r.jpg|Folio 114r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 114v.jpg|Folio 114v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 115r.jpg|Folio 115r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 115v.jpg|Folio 115v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 116r.jpg|Folio 116r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 116v.jpg|Folio 116v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 117r.jpg|Folio 117r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 117v.jpg|Folio 117v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 118r.jpg|Folio 118r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 118v.jpg|Folio 118v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 119r.jpg|Folio 119r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 119v.jpg|Folio 119v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 120r.jpg|Folio 120r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 120v.jpg|Folio 120v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 121r.jpg|Folio 121r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 121v.jpg|Folio 121v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 122r.jpg|Folio 122r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 122v.jpg|Folio 122v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 123r.jpg|Folio 123r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 123v.jpg|Folio 123v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 124r.jpg|Folio 124r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 124v.jpg|Folio 124v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 125r.jpg|Folio 125r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 125v.jpg|Folio 125v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 126r.jpg|Folio 126r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 126v.jpg|Folio 126v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 127r.jpg|Folio 127r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 127v.jpg|Folio 127v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 128r.jpg|Folio 128r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 128v.jpg|Folio 128v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 129r.jpg|Folio 129r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 129v.jpg|Folio 129v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 130r.jpg|Folio 130r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 130v.jpg|Folio 130v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 131r.jpg|Folio 130v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 131v.jpg|Folio 130v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 132r.jpg|Folio 132r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 132v.jpg|Folio 132v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 133r.jpg|Folio 133r}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 133v.jpg|Folio 133v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 134r.jpg|Folio 134r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 134v.jpg|Folio 134v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 135r.jpg|Folio 135r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 135v.jpg|Folio 135v}}
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{{Image|MS 3227a 136r.jpg|Folio 136r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 136v.jpg|Folio 136v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 137r.jpg|Folio 137r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 137v.jpg|Folio 137v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 138r.jpg|Folio 138r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 138v.jpg|Folio 138v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 139r.jpg|Folio 130v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 139v.jpg|Folio 139v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 140r.jpg|Folio 140r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 140v.jpg|Folio 140v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 141r.jpg|Folio 130v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 141v.jpg|Folio 130v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 142r.jpg|Folio 130v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 142v.jpg|Folio 130v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 143r.jpg|Folio 143r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 143v.jpg|Folio 143v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 144r.jpg|Folio 144r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 144v.jpg|Folio 144v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 145r.jpg|Folio 145r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 145v.jpg|Folio 145v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 146r.jpg|Folio 146r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 146v.jpg|Folio 146v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 147r.jpg|Folio 147r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 147v.jpg|Folio 147v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 148r.jpg|Folio 148r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 148v.jpg|Folio 148v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 149r.jpg|Folio 149r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 149v.jpg|Folio 149v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 150r.jpg|Folio 150r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 150v.jpg|Folio 150v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 151r.jpg|Folio 151r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 151v.jpg|Folio 151v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 152r.jpg|Folio 152r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 152v.jpg|Folio 152v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 153r.jpg|Folio 153r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 153v.jpg|Folio 153v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 154r.jpg|Folio 154r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 154v.jpg|Folio 154v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 155r.jpg|Folio 155r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 155v.jpg|Folio 155v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 156r.jpg|Folio 156r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 156v.jpg|Folio 156v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 157r.jpg|Folio 157r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 157v.jpg|Folio 157v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 158r.jpg|Folio 158r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 158v.jpg|Folio 158v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 159r.jpg|Folio 159r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 159v.jpg|Folio 159v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 160r.jpg|Folio 160r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 160v.jpg|Folio 160v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 161r.jpg|Folio 161r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 161v.jpg|Folio 161v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 162r.jpg|Folio 162r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 162v.jpg|Folio 162v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 163r.jpg|Folio 163r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 163v.jpg|Folio 163v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 164r.jpg|Folio 164r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 164v.jpg|Folio 164v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 165r.jpg|Folio 165r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 165v.jpg|Folio 165v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 166r.jpg|Folio 166r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 166v.jpg|Folio 166v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 167r.jpg|Folio 167r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 167v.jpg|Folio 167v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 168r.jpg|Folio 168r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 168v.jpg|Folio 168v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 169r.jpg|Folio 169r}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a 169v.jpg|Folio 169v}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a IIIr.jpg|IIIr}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a IIIv.jpg|IIIv}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a IVr.jpg|IVr}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a IVv.jpg|IVv}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a Cover 3.jpg|Cover 3}}
 +
{{Image|MS 3227a Cover 4.jpg|Cover 4}}
 
{{-}}
 
{{-}}
  
 
== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
* Burkart, Eric. “The Autograph of an Erudite Martial Artist: A Close Reading of Nuremberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Hs. 3227a”. ''Late Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books. Transmission and Tradition of Martial Arts in Europe''. Ed. Daniel Jaquet, et al. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2016. ISBN 978-9004312418. pp 451–480.
+
* Alderson, Keith. “Arts and Crafts of War: ''die Kunst des Schwerts'' in its Manuscript Context.” ''Can The Bones Come to Life? Insights from Reconstruction, Reenactment, and Re-creation'' '''1''': 24-29. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2014. ISBN 978-1-937439-13-2
* [[Michael Chidester]]. ''“…eyn Grunt und Kern aller künsten des Fechtens”: The Long Sword Gloss of GNM Manuscript 3227a.'' [http://www.lulu.com/shop/michael-chidester-and-dierk-hagedorn/the-long-sword-gloss-of-gnm-manuscript-3227a-hardcover/hardcover/product-24490896.html Lulu.com], 2020. ISBN 978-1-71614-480-6
+
* Burkart, Eric. “The Autograph of an Erudite Martial Artist: A Close Reading of Nuremberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Hs. 3227a.''Late Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books. Transmission and Tradition of Martial Arts in Europe'': 451-480. Ed. Daniel Jaquet, et al. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2016. ISBN 978-9004312418
 +
* Burkart, Eric (in German). “Informationsverarbeitung durch autographe Notizen: Die ältesten Aufzeichnungen zur Kampfkunst des Johannes Liechtenauer als Spuren einer Aneignung praktischen Wissens.” 2020. {{doi|10.26012/mittelalter-25866}}{{doi|10.1163/9789004324725_017}}
 +
* Cabreira, Diniz (in Portuguese). ''Há Uma Única Arte da Espada (GNM HS 3227a)''. Santiago de Compostela: [[AGEA Editora]], 2018. ISBN 978-84-948682-6-9
 +
* [[Michael Chidester|Chidester, Michael]]. ''The Long Sword Gloss of GNM Manuscript 3227a.'' Somerville, MA: [[HEMA Bookshelf]], 2021. ISBN 978-1-953683-13-7
 +
* [[Michael Chidester|Chidester, Michael]] and [[Dierk Hagedorn|Hagedorn, Dierk]]. ''“The Foundation and Core of All the Arts of Fighting”: The Long Sword Gloss of GNM Manuscript 3227a.'' Somerville, MA: [[HEMA Bookshelf]], 2021. ISBN 978-1-953683-05-2
 
* [[Albrecht Dürer|Dürer, Albrecht]] and [[Karl Wassmannsdorff|Wassmannsdorff, Karl]]. {{Google books|hb1AAAAAcAAJ|Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters}}. Liepzig: Priber, 1870.
 
* [[Albrecht Dürer|Dürer, Albrecht]] and [[Karl Wassmannsdorff|Wassmannsdorff, Karl]]. {{Google books|hb1AAAAAcAAJ|Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters}}. Liepzig: Priber, 1870.
 +
* Ehlert, Trude and [[Rainer Leng]] (in German). “Frühe Koch- und Pulverrezepte aus der Nürnberger Handschrift GNM 3227a (um 1389).” ''Medizin in Geschichte, Philologie und Ethnologie''. Königshausen & Neumann, 2003. ISBN 978-3826021763
 +
* Hammer, Maciej (in Polish). ''Tłumaczenie traktatu szermierczego zawartego w rękopisie Nürnberger Handschrift 3227a z wyszczególnieniem trudności zaistniałych podczas przekładu'' [unpublished thesis]. Uniwersytet Jagielloński Wydział Filologiczny, 2015.
 +
* Hester, James. "Real Men Read Poetry: Instructional Verse in 14th-century Fight Manuals." Arms & Armour '''6'''(2): 175-183. April 2009. {{doi|10.1179/174962609X417590}}
 
* [[Jeffrey Hull|Hull, Jeffrey]], with [[Monika Maziarz|Maziarz, Monika]] and [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. ''[http://www.academia.edu/1035644/Knightly_Dueling_the_Fighting_Arts_of_German_Chivalry Knightly Dueling: The Fighting Arts of German Chivalry]''. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2007. ISBN 1-58160-674-4
 
* [[Jeffrey Hull|Hull, Jeffrey]], with [[Monika Maziarz|Maziarz, Monika]] and [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. ''[http://www.academia.edu/1035644/Knightly_Dueling_the_Fighting_Arts_of_German_Chivalry Knightly Dueling: The Fighting Arts of German Chivalry]''. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2007. ISBN 1-58160-674-4
* Wallhausen, James. ''Knightly Martial Arts: An Introduction to Medieval Combat Systems''. [http://www.lulu.com/product/paperback/knightly-martial-arts/12920207 Lulu.com], 2010. ISBN 978-1-4457-3736-2
+
* [[Rainer Leng|Leng, Rainer]] (in German). “Andreas der Jude, Jost von der Neißen und Niclas Preuß: Drei verhinderte ‘Verfasser’ eines Fechtbuches.” ''Würzburger medizinhistorische Mitteilungen'' '''19''': 209-220. 2000.
* [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]]. ''"...und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen". Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert.'' Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8
+
* [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''Lance, Spear, Sword, & Messer: A German Medieval Martial Arts Miscellany''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2022. ISBN 978-1-937439-64-4
* [[Ondrej Vodicka|Vodička, Ondřej]]. “Origin of the oldest German Fencing Manual Compilation (GNM Hs. 3227a)”. ''Waffen- und Kostümkunde'' 61(1), 2019. pp 87-108.
+
* Verelst, Karin. “Finding a Way through the Labyrinth: Some Methodological Remarks on Critically Editing the Fight Book Corpus.” ''Late Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books. Transmission and Tradition of Martial Arts in Europe'': 117-188. Ed.  Daniel Jaquet, Karin Verelst, and Timothy Dawson. History of Warfare 112. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2016. {{doi|10.1163/9789004324725_008}}
* [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. “Unarmored Longsword Combat by Master Liechtenauer via Priest Döbringer.” ''Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts''. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
+
* [[Ondrej Vodicka|Vodička, Ondřej]]. “Origin of the oldest German Fencing Manual Compilation (GNM Hs. 3227a).” ''Waffen- und Kostümkunde'' '''61'''(1): 87-108, 2019.
 +
* [[Jay Acutt|Wallhausen, James]]. ''Knightly Martial Arts: An Introduction to Medieval Combat Systems''. Self-published, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4457-3736-2
 +
* [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]] (in German). ''...und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen”. Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert.'' Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8
 +
* [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. “Unarmored Longsword Combat by Master Liechtenauer via Priest Döbringer.” ''Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts'': 59-116. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
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}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = Translation (11r - 12r)
+
  | work        = Translation (5v, 67v)
  | authors    = [[Jeffrey Hull]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Ondrej Vodicka]]
| source link = http://www.thearma.org/essays/Quality&Build.pdf
 
| source title= "Fight-Book Clues to the Quality and Build of Knightly Weaponry"
 
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = Translation (13v - 89v)
 
| authors    = [[Thomas Stoeppler]]
 
| source link =
 
| source title= Private communication
 
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = Translation (74r)
 
| authors    = [[Michael Chidester]]
 
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
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}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
  | work        = Translation (78r)
+
  | work        = Translation (11r - 12r)
  | authors    = [[Betsy Winslow]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Jeffrey Hull]]
  | source link =  
+
  | source link = http://www.thearma.org/essays/Quality&Build.pdf
  | source title= Wiktenauer
+
  | source title= "Fight-Book Clues to the Quality and Build of Knightly Weaponry"
  | license    = noncommercial
+
  | license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Transcription
 
  | work        = Transcription
  | authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
  | authors    = [[transcriber::Dierk Hagedorn]], [[transcriber::Jeffrey Hull]], [[transcriber::Ondrej Vodicka]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= [[Index:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)]]
 
  | source title= [[Index:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)]]
  | license    = copyrighted
+
  | license    = various
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/>
 
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/>
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[[Category:Orphan]]
 
[[Category:Orphan]]
  
[[Category:Dagger]]
 
 
[[Category:Esoterica]]
 
[[Category:Esoterica]]
[[Category:Grappling]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Messer]]
 
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Sword and Buckler]]
 
 
[[Category:New format]]
 

Revision as of 16:59, 22 October 2022

Pol Hausbuch
MS 3227a, Germanisches Nationalmuseum
Nuremberg, Germany

MS 3227a 13v.jpg
MS 3227a 14r.jpg
ff 13v - 14r
HagedornLeng38.1.4
Wierschin30Hils41
Type Commonplace book
Date ca. 1400s
Language(s)
Author(s)
Compiler Unknown
Material Paper and parchment, in a leather
binding
Size 169 folia (105 mm × 145 mm)
Format Double-sided, with black and red ink
External data Museum catalog entry
Treatise scans
Other translations

The Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a) is a German commonplace book (or Hausbuch in German) thought to have been created some time between 1389 and 1494.[1] The original currently rests in the holdings of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg, Germany. It is sometimes erroneously attributed to Hans Döbringer,[2] when in fact he is but one of the four authors of a brief addendum to Johannes Liechtenauer's art of long sword fencing, the only fencing material in the manuscript that appears in another fencing manual. The rest of the manuscript is a typical example of a commonplace book, containing a variety of unrelated treatises on mundane and esoteric topics, including fencing and grappling, but for this reason, the anonymous author of the rest of the fencing material is sometimes known as Pseudo-Hans Döbringer. Pseudo-Döbringer's writings seem to consist of commentary on and expansion of the teachings of Liechtenauer, even containing the only biographical details of the master yet discovered, and it is even speculated that he was still alive at the time of the writing.[3]

Christian Tobler argues that it is unjustified to assume a date of 1389 based purely on the presence of a century-long calendar. The eclectic nature of commonplace books means that the calendar could easily have been an old calendar or even a future one. As the date of the Pol Hausbuch is also used to estimate the time period of Liechtenauer's career, this is a significant error. (Using it to date Liechtenauer is further complicated by the fact that even if he were alive when the fencing treatise was written, the version in this manuscript is potentially a later copy rather than the original.)[4] An upper limit on the origin of the manuscript can be set based on the date in the cover, but realistically it could still originate from any time between the turn of the 15th century and Nicolaus Pol's ownership in 1494.

Provenance

Contents

1r - 5v Liber Ignium by Marcus Graecus
5v
6r Recipes for powders used for painting
6v - 10v Latin recipes (paint, alchemy, medicine)
11r - 12r
12v - 13r Alchemical recipes in Latin
13v - 17v Fencing advice by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
18r - 40r Gloss of Liechtenauer's long sword by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
43r - 52v Long sword by Andres Juden, Jobs von der Nyssen, Nicklass Prewßen, and "the Priest" Hans Döbringer
53r - 59v Recital on mounted fencing by Johannes Liechtenauer
60r - 61r Recital on short sword by Johannes Liechtenauer
64r - 65r Conclusion of the teachings of Liechtenauer by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
66v - 67r Astrological texts, magical and medicinal recipes, name magic
67v
68r - 73v Astrological texts, magical and medicinal recipes, name magic
74r Sword and buckler teachings by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
74v - 77v Recipes for paint, tumors, metal and ivory treatment
78r Staff teachings by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
79r - 81v Miscellaneous Latin recipes, treatment of gems, preparation of a miraculous potion
82rv Messer teachings by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
83v Interval between Epiphany and Ash Wednesday for years 1390-1495
84r - 85r Dagger teachings by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
85r - 85v, 86v Magical recipes
86r, 87r - 89r Grappling teachings by Pseudo-Hans Döbringer
90v - 91v Medical Recipes for the Mouth and Teeth
92r
92r - 165v Various alchemical recipes, food recipes, nonsense recipes, in various hands
161v - 165v "Horse pharmacopeia" (Rossarzneibuch) by Master Albrant
166r - 169v Index to the recipes in the manuscript, partly illegible

Gallery

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Cover 3
Cover 4


Additional Resources

  • Alderson, Keith. “Arts and Crafts of War: die Kunst des Schwerts in its Manuscript Context.” Can The Bones Come to Life? Insights from Reconstruction, Reenactment, and Re-creation 1: 24-29. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2014. ISBN 978-1-937439-13-2
  • Burkart, Eric. “The Autograph of an Erudite Martial Artist: A Close Reading of Nuremberg, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Hs. 3227a.” Late Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books. Transmission and Tradition of Martial Arts in Europe: 451-480. Ed. Daniel Jaquet, et al. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2016. ISBN 978-9004312418
  • Burkart, Eric (in German). “Informationsverarbeitung durch autographe Notizen: Die ältesten Aufzeichnungen zur Kampfkunst des Johannes Liechtenauer als Spuren einer Aneignung praktischen Wissens.” 2020. doi:10.26012/mittelalter-25866doi:10.1163/9789004324725_017
  • Cabreira, Diniz (in Portuguese). Há Uma Única Arte da Espada (GNM HS 3227a). Santiago de Compostela: AGEA Editora, 2018. ISBN 978-84-948682-6-9
  • Chidester, Michael. The Long Sword Gloss of GNM Manuscript 3227a. Somerville, MA: HEMA Bookshelf, 2021. ISBN 978-1-953683-13-7
  • Chidester, Michael and Hagedorn, Dierk. “The Foundation and Core of All the Arts of Fighting”: The Long Sword Gloss of GNM Manuscript 3227a. Somerville, MA: HEMA Bookshelf, 2021. ISBN 978-1-953683-05-2
  • Dürer, Albrecht and Wassmannsdorff, Karl. Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters. Liepzig: Priber, 1870.
  • Ehlert, Trude and Rainer Leng (in German). “Frühe Koch- und Pulverrezepte aus der Nürnberger Handschrift GNM 3227a (um 1389).” Medizin in Geschichte, Philologie und Ethnologie. Königshausen & Neumann, 2003. ISBN 978-3826021763
  • Hammer, Maciej (in Polish). Tłumaczenie traktatu szermierczego zawartego w rękopisie Nürnberger Handschrift 3227a z wyszczególnieniem trudności zaistniałych podczas przekładu [unpublished thesis]. Uniwersytet Jagielloński Wydział Filologiczny, 2015.
  • Hester, James. "Real Men Read Poetry: Instructional Verse in 14th-century Fight Manuals." Arms & Armour 6(2): 175-183. April 2009. doi:10.1179/174962609X417590
  • Hull, Jeffrey, with Maziarz, Monika and Żabiński, Grzegorz. Knightly Dueling: The Fighting Arts of German Chivalry. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2007. ISBN 1-58160-674-4
  • Leng, Rainer (in German). “Andreas der Jude, Jost von der Neißen und Niclas Preuß: Drei verhinderte ‘Verfasser’ eines Fechtbuches.” Würzburger medizinhistorische Mitteilungen 19: 209-220. 2000.
  • Tobler, Christian Henry. Lance, Spear, Sword, & Messer: A German Medieval Martial Arts Miscellany. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2022. ISBN 978-1-937439-64-4
  • Verelst, Karin. “Finding a Way through the Labyrinth: Some Methodological Remarks on Critically Editing the Fight Book Corpus.” Late Medieval and Early Modern Fight Books. Transmission and Tradition of Martial Arts in Europe: 117-188. Ed. Daniel Jaquet, Karin Verelst, and Timothy Dawson. History of Warfare 112. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2016. doi:10.1163/9789004324725_008
  • Vodička, Ondřej. “Origin of the oldest German Fencing Manual Compilation (GNM Hs. 3227a).” Waffen- und Kostümkunde 61(1): 87-108, 2019.
  • Wallhausen, James. Knightly Martial Arts: An Introduction to Medieval Combat Systems. Self-published, 2010. ISBN 978-1-4457-3736-2
  • Welle, Rainer (in German). “...und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen”. Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert. Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8
  • Żabiński, Grzegorz. “Unarmored Longsword Combat by Master Liechtenauer via Priest Döbringer.” Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts: 59-116. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3

References

  1. Revision or stain.
  2. At this point, there is a cross-shaped marking spanning two lines whose meaning is unclear.

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work Author(s) Source License
Images Germanisches Nationalmuseum Digitale Bibliothek
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Translation (5v, 67v) Ondrej Vodicka Wiktenauer
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Translation (11r - 12r) Jeffrey Hull "Fight-Book Clues to the Quality and Build of Knightly Weaponry"
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Transcription Dierk Hagedorn, Jeffrey Hull, Ondrej Vodicka Index:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)
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