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| − | {{infobox | + | {{infobox medieval text |
| − | | name | + | <!-- --------Name----------> |
| − | | image | + | | name = Die Zettel |
| − | | | + | | alternative title(s) = The Recital |
| − | | caption | + | <!----------Image----------> |
| − | + | | image = File:Johannes Liechtenauer.png | |
| − | | | + | | width = 250px |
| − | | | + | | caption = |
| − | | | + | <!----------Information----------> |
| − | + | | full title = A Recital on the Chivalric<br/>Art of Fencing | |
| − | + | | also known as = | |
| − | + | | author(s) = | |
| − | + | | ascribed to = [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] | |
| − | | | + | | compiled by = |
| − | + | | illustrated by = Unknown | |
| − | + | | patron = | |
| − | + | | dedicated to = | |
| − | + | | audience = | |
| − | | | + | | language = [[Middle High German]] |
| − | + | | date = Fourteenth century (?) | |
| − | + | | state of existence = | |
| − | + | <!----------Manuscript Information----------> | |
| − | | patron | + | | genre = {{plainlist |
| − | + | | [[Fencing manual]] | |
| − | | | + | | [[Wrestling manual]] |
| − | | | ||
| − | | language | ||
| − | | | ||
| − | | | ||
| − | |||
| − | | | ||
| − | | [[ | ||
| − | | [[ | ||
| − | |||
}} | }} | ||
| − | | manuscript(s) | + | | archetype(s) = Hypothetical |
| + | | manuscript(s) = {{collapsible list | ||
| + | | [[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|MS 3227a]] (ca. 1400s) | ||
| + | | [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (1443) | ||
| + | | [[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Cod.44.A.8]] (1452) | ||
| + | | [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|MS Thott.290.2º]] (1459) | ||
| + | | [[Wolfenbüttel Sketchbook (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º]] (ca. 1465-80) | ||
| + | | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1507]] (ca.1470) | ||
| + | | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (1480s) | ||
| + | | [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] (1491) | ||
| + | | [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd.C.487]] (ca. 1504-19) | ||
| + | | [[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|MS Germ.Quart.2020]] (1510-20) | ||
| + | | [[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|MS 26-232]] (1512) | ||
| [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Cgm 3711]] (1523) | | [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Cgm 3711]] (1523) | ||
| − | | [[ | + | | [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Cod.I.6.2º.2]] (1523) |
| − | | [[ | + | | [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt Nr. 82]] (1553) |
| + | | [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556) | ||
| + | | [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Varia 82]] (1563-71) | ||
| [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º]] (1588) | | [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º]] (1588) | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
}} | }} | ||
| principal manuscript(s)= | | principal manuscript(s)= | ||
| − | | first printed edition= | + | | first printed edition = [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler]], 2010 |
| − | | wiktenauer compilation by=[[ | + | | wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]] |
| − | + | | translations = {{collapsible list | |
| − | | | + | | {{French translation|http://ardamhe.free.fr/biblio/Tetraptyque.pdf|1}} |
| − | | | + | | {{German translation|http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/peter_von_danzig/index.php|1}} |
| − | | | + | | {{Hungarian translation|Johannes Liechtenauer/Hungarian|2}} |
| − | | | + | | {{Slovenian translation|http://scholapugnatoria.si/?page_id{{=}}267|1}} |
| − | | | + | | {{Spanish translation|http://www.aveh.eu/documentos/EdadMedia/TETRAPTICOV.pdf|1}} |
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| − | | | ||
| − | }} | ||
| − | | | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
}} | }} | ||
| − | + | | below = | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | | below | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | ''' | + | '''Johannes Liechtenauer''' (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a German [[fencing master]] in the 14th or 15th century. No direct record of his life or teachings currently exists, and all that we know of both comes from the writings of other masters and scholars. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the [[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Hausbuch]], one of the oldest texts in the tradition, who stated that "Master Liechtenauer learnt and mastered the Art in a thorough and rightful way, but he did not invent and put together this Art (as was just stated). Instead, he traveled and searched many countries with the will of learning and mastering this rightful and true Art." He may have been alive at the time of the creation of the fencing treatise contained in the Nuremberg Hausbuch, as that source is the only one to fail to accompany his name with a blessing for the dead. |
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| − | + | Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and a long poem called the ''Zettel'' ("Recital") is generally attributed to him by these masters. Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive [[gloss]]es (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on [[Paulus Kal]]'s roll of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]] were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the [[Marxbrüder]] and the [[Veiterfechter]]. | |
| − | + | Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Nuremberg Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s. However, given that the Nuremberg Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the early 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Nuremberg Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital appears in the [[Modus Dimicandi (MS G.B.f.18.a)|MS G.B.f.18.a]], dating to ca. 1418-28 and attributed to an [[H. Beringer]], which both conforms to this timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teaching rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts). | |
| − | ([[ | + | ([[Johannes Liechtenauer|Read more]]…) |
<dl> | <dl> | ||
<dt style="font-size:90%;">Recently Featured:</dt> | <dt style="font-size:90%;">Recently Featured:</dt> | ||
| − | <dd style="font-size:90%;">[[Jud Lew]] – [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] – [[Martin Syber | + | <dd style="font-size:90%;">[[Jörg Wilhalm Hutter]] – [[Jud Lew]] – [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] – [[Martin Syber]]</dd> |
</dl> | </dl> | ||
Revision as of 03:33, 5 July 2017
| Die Zettel | |
|---|---|
| The Recital | |
| |
| Full Title | A Recital on the Chivalric Art of Fencing |
| Ascribed to | Johannes Liechtenauer |
| Illustrated by | Unknown |
| Date | Fourteenth century (?) |
| Genre | |
| Language | Middle High German |
| Archetype(s) | Hypothetical |
| Manuscript(s) |
Cod.44.A.8 (1452)
|
| First Printed English Edition |
Tobler, 2010 |
| Concordance by | Michael Chidester |
| Translations | |
Johannes Liechtenauer (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a German fencing master in the 14th or 15th century. No direct record of his life or teachings currently exists, and all that we know of both comes from the writings of other masters and scholars. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the Nuremberg Hausbuch, one of the oldest texts in the tradition, who stated that "Master Liechtenauer learnt and mastered the Art in a thorough and rightful way, but he did not invent and put together this Art (as was just stated). Instead, he traveled and searched many countries with the will of learning and mastering this rightful and true Art." He may have been alive at the time of the creation of the fencing treatise contained in the Nuremberg Hausbuch, as that source is the only one to fail to accompany his name with a blessing for the dead.
Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and a long poem called the Zettel ("Recital") is generally attributed to him by these masters. Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive glosses (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on Paulus Kal's roll of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the Marxbrüder and the Veiterfechter.
Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Nuremberg Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s. However, given that the Nuremberg Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the early 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Nuremberg Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital appears in the MS G.B.f.18.a, dating to ca. 1418-28 and attributed to an H. Beringer, which both conforms to this timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teaching rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts).
(Read more…)
- Recently Featured:
- Jörg Wilhalm Hutter – Jud Lew – Pseudo-Peter von Danzig – Martin Syber
