View source for Paulus Kal

{{infobox writer
| name                 = [[name::Paulus Kal]]
| image                = File:Paulus Kal.png
| imagesize            = 250px
| caption              = 

| pseudonym            = 
| birthname            = 
| birthdate            = ca.1420s
| birthplace           = Dingolfing, Germany
| deathdate            = after 1485
| deathplace           = 
| occupation           = {{plainlist
 | [[Fencing master]]{{#set:occupation=fencing master}}
 | [[occupation::Toll collector]]
}}
| nationality          = 
| ethnicity            = 
| citizenship          = 
| education            = 
| alma_mater           = 
| patron               = {{plainlist
 | Ludwig IV "the Gentle"
 | Ludwig IX "the Rich"
 | Sigismund of Austria
}}

| spouse               = 
| children             = 
| relatives            = 
| period               = 
| movement             = [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]]
| influences           = {{plainlist
 | [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 | [[Hans Stettner von Mörnsheim]]
}}
| influenced           = [[Peter Falkner]] (?)

| genre                = {{plainlist
 | [[Fencing manual]]
 | [[Wrestling manual]]
}}
| language             = [[language::Early New High German]]
| notableworks         = 
| archetype            = {{plainlist
 | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1507]] (ca. 1470)
 | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|MS 1825]] (1460-1480)
}}
| manuscript(s)        = {{collapsible list
 | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (ca. 1480)
 | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|MS Chart.B 1021]] (1473-1503)
 | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (M.A.M. Kal MS)|M.A.M. Kal MS]] (late 1400s)
 | [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Codex S.554]] (1506-1514)
}}
| principal manuscript(s)=
| first printed edition= [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler]], 2006
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael&nbsp;Chidester]]

| signature            = 
| translations         = {{collapsible list
 | {{French translation|http://jfgilles.perso.sfr.fr/escrime/cahiers/kal_fauchon/index.html|1}}
 | {{German translation|http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/paulus_kal/index.php|1}}
 | {{Hungarian translation|http://www.middleages.hu/magyar/harcmuveszet/vivokonyvek/paulus_kal.php|1}}
}}
| below                = [[File:Paulus Kal Heraldry.png|200px|center|thumb|''Paulus Kal's heraldry'']]
}}
'''Paulus Kal''' was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. He wrote that he studied martial arts under [[Hans Stettner von Mörnsheim]], and was an initiate of the tradition of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]. He was also attached as ''Schirrmeister'' to three different courts in his career, serving in various military capacities including commanding men in at least three campaigns.<ref name="Welle">[[Rainer Welle]]. "…und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen. Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. Und 16. Jahrhundert. Eine sozialhistorische und bewegungsbiographische Interpretation aufgrund der handschriften und gedruckten Ringlehren des Spätmittelalters." ''Forum für Sozialgeschichte 4''. Pfaffenweiler, 1993. pp 243-253.</ref> Perhaps his most significant legacy is an honor role of masters which he styled the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]] (''Geselschaft Liechtenauers''). While many of these masters remain unknown, the several wrote treatises of their own and Kal's list stands as an independent confirmation of their connection to the grand master. Kal's treatise is also of interest in that it represents the oldest attempt to illustrate portions of Liechtenauer's [[Recital]] (''Zettel'').

Little is known of Kal's early life, but from 1440 to ca. 1449 he served Ludwig IV "the Gentle" of Wittelsbach, Count Palatine of the Rhine. In 1448, while in the Elector's service he participated in the defense Nuremberg, commanding a unit of wheel cannons below the gates.<ref name="JPK">Jens P. Kleinau. [https://talhoffer.wordpress.com/2011/07/03/paulus-kal-a-schirrmeister/ Paulus Kal, a Schirrmeister]. ''Hans Talhoffer ~ A Historical Martial Arts blog by Jens P. Kleinau'', 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2015.</ref> The Nuremberg Council notes from 17 March 1449 mention that he had broken the peace of the city at that time by drawing his weapons.<ref name="JPK"/>

Kal entered the service of Ludwig IX "the Rich" of Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, on 29 September 1450.<ref name="Welle"/> In 1461, he is mentioned commanding a unit of 12 marksmen.<ref name="JPK"/> From 1465 to 1475, he seems to have also maintained a secondary occupation as a toll collector in Dingolfing.<ref name="JPK"/> In November 1468, he participated in military actions on the castle Saldenburg, which was successfully taken on 4 December.<ref name="JPK"/> Kal is listed as a guest at the wedding of Ludwig's son Georg,<ref name="JPK"/> and continued in the duke's service until his death on 18 January 1479. Paulus Kal created two manuscripts of his treatise while in the service of Ludwig IX, a very small [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|uncaptioned version]] as well as a more elaborate [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|presentation copy]] including brief explanations in German for most pieces (including fragments of Liechtenauer's Recital).

On 12 February 1480, Paulus Kal entered the service of Sigismund of the House of Hapsburg, Archduke of Austria and Tyrol.<ref name="Welle"/> Kal acted as one of the archduke's witnesses at a number of interrogations held on 17 October 1485 in Innsbruck, related to the witch trials being conducted by Heinrich Kramer at that time.<ref name="JPK"/> This is the final time that Kal's name has been located in historical records. Several copies of Kal's treatise were created during the 1480s and 90s, but the only one which shows any probability of Kal's personal involvement is the extensive [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]].

== Treatise ==

In total, Paulus Kal's teachings are preserved in at least seven manuscripts written between 1460 and 1514. Aside from the three already mentioned, two other extensive, text-less copies also exist (the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha version]], copied from the Bologna, and the [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn version]], copied from an unknown source). A [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|sixth version]] was sold at auction in Italy during the 20th century as individual leaves; this copy contains unintelligible single-word captions<ref>Possibly abbreviated phrases from Latin or Italian.</ref> and was likely based on either the Bologna or Vienna; another single leaf, roughly coeval with Solothurn, appeared at a rare book dealer in 2019, but the whereabouts of the rest of the manuscript are unknown. The five substantial versions are listed in the concordance below, though only the Munich accompanies its illustrations with text. This concordance also includes the separate, unillustrated [[poleaxe]] and [[longshield]] advice from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna version]], which largely matched the illustrations (though it's unknown whether it was intended for that purpose).

[[Paulus Hector Mair]] included content based on Kal's work in several sections of the [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.icon. 393)|Munich]] and [[Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica (Cod.10825/10826)|Vienna]] versions of his ''Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica''. Rather than using Kal's descriptions (if the copy he used had them), Mair wrote his own extensive commentary on the illustrations. The precise set of illustrations Mair drew upon do not appear in any of the extant manuscripts, which may signify that he used yet another copy of Kal's work which has since been lost. Because Mair's version represents substantial original work, it is listed on his page rather than being incorporated into the concordance here.

{{master begin
 | title = Preface
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich]] and [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>Open for editing</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>With the help of God and of the highborn lord Duke Ludwig, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Lower and Upper Bavaria, I, Master Paulus Kal, an exponent of the art, have made this book, which deals with all knightly weapons in brief succession.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cgm 1507 02r.jpg|1|lbl=02r}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|02r|jpg}}
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 9r.jpg|1|lbl=09r}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Here begins the art that Liechtenauer has created with his fellowship and applied with all knightly weapons. May God have mercy on him.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cgm 1507 02r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS 1825 02v.jpg|1|lbl=02v}}
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 9r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>Master Johannes Liechtenauer.<br/>Master Peter Wildigans von Glatz.<br/>Master Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt.<br/>Master Hans Spindler von Znaim.<br/>Master Lamprecht von Prague.<br/>Master Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt.<br/>Master Andres Lignitzer.<br/>Master Jacob Lignitzer (his brother).<br/>Master Sigmund ain Ringeck.<br/>Master Hartman von Nuremberg.<br/>Master Martin Huntsfeld.<br/>Master Hans Pegnitzer.<br/>Master Philipp Perger.<br/>Master Virgil von Kraków.<br/>Master Dietrich Degenfechter von Braunschweig.<br/>Master Ott, a Jew, who was the wrestler to the Lords of Austria.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cgm 1507 02r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| 
{{section|Page:MS 1825 02v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 1825|03r|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 1825|03v|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS 1825 04r.jpg|1|lbl=04r|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 9r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>The noble and zealous Hans Stettner, which is most of all the master of all pupils—and I, Master Paulus Kal, was his student—may God have mercy on him above all of them.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cgm 1507 02r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS 1825 04r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 9r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS 1825 05v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>God, thou Eternal Word, help the body here, the soul there.</p>
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|05v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|01v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 04r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>My Lord, I vow to serve you. My God and his dear mother to be our help.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|04r|jpg}}
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 05r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Take the sword, my lord, you will be protected by the Mother of God and the chivalrous knight, St. George.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|05r|jpg}}
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 06r.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>I have eyes like a hawk, so you do not deceive me.</p>

:I have a heart like a lion, so I strive forward.

::I have feet like a hind, so I can spring to and fro.
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|06r|jpg}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS 1825|06r|jpg}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|10r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|02r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Mounted Fencing
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>Open for editing</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 06v.jpg|Cgm 1507 07r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
| <p>Your spear extends very far.</p>
: Change through and set upon.
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|06v|jpg}}
{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|07r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|06v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS 1825|07r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|10v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|11r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|03v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|04r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|001|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 07v.jpg|Cgm 1507 08r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
| <p>At the half spear, set aside the long spear.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|07v|jpg}}
{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|08r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|07v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS 1825|08r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|11v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|12r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|04v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|05r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 08v.jpg|Cgm 1507 09r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
| <p>Raise your spear over the shoulder and turn the horse to him, or set the spear behind the buttocks and meet him.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|08v|jpg}}
{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|09r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|08v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|12v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|13r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|05v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|06r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 09v.jpg|Cgm 1507 10r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
| <p>Set aside on your right.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|09v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|10r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|13v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|14r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 10v.jpg|Cgm 1507 11r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
| <p>Strike on his spear to the right side and catch his lance under your right arm. Put your pommel at the beginning of his saddle with the point.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|10v|jpg}}
{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|11r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|14v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|15r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| {{double page|Cgm 1507 11v.jpg|Cgm 1507 12r.jpg|x210px|x210px}}
| <p>Put your sword on the left hand on your bridle, and as far away from you as you can. Setting it aside with the blade and plunge with the hilt his spear to the ground. Turn your pommel to the saddle bow, and set upon him with the point where you can.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|11v|jpg}}
{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|12r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|15v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|16r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|06v|jpg|blk=1}}
{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|07r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 12v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The first guard.</p>
:Abensperg


The second guard.
:Gebewolf
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|12v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|16v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|07v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 13r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The third guard.</p>
:The fourth guard.
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|13r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|17r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|08r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 13v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The outer sword taking.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|13v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|17v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|08v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 14r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The inner sword taking.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|14r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|18r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|09r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|14|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 14v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|14v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|18v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 15r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|15r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|19r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 15v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|15v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|19v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 16r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The sheep grip fights what's under the face.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|16r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|20r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|09v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|015|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 16v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Fall over whoever wants those who wrestle with you on the neck.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|16v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|20v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|10r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 17r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Set aside from the front of the head whoever will grab you.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|17r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|21r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|10v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 17v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>If you set aside and lock the arm, turn around with your horse away from the man.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|17v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|21v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|11r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 18r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>This is the sun pointer.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|18r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|22r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|11v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 18v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Embark against the man on horseback thus.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|18v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|22v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|13r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 19r.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>Embark to throw a man on horseback thus.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|19r|jpg}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|23r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Short Sword
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich]], [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha]], and [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>Open for editing</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 19v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Embark so to set aside a throw.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|19v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|23v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|17v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|18r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 20r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Setting aside the long spear with his hand and rotating it and setting it aside with the sword.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|20r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|24r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|18v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 20v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|20v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|09r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|24v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|19r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 21r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|21r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|09v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|25r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 21v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The bottom guard in the short sword.</p>
: The second guard in the short sword.
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|21v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|25v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|19v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|20r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 22r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The third guard under the arm.</p>
:The fourth guard is good for throwing and murder strikes.
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|22r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|26r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|20v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|21r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 22v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|22v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|26v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 23r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|23r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|27r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|24v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 23v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>A murder strike to the elbow.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|23v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|10r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|27v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|24r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 24r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Seek his openings under the arms.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|24r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|10v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|28r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|23v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS Chart.B.1021 21v.jpg|325px|center]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|21v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 24v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The free driving in the hand.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|24v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|11r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|28v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|22r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 25r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>It reached behind the gauntlet.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|25r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|11v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|29r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|22v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 25v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|25v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|12r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|29v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|23r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 26r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|26r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|12v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|30r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 26v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|26v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|30v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 27r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|27r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|31r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 27v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|27v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|13r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|31v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 28r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|28r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|13v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|32r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 28v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|28v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|14r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|32v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 29r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|29r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|14v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|33r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 29v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>A sword taking.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|29v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|33v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|25r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 30r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>How he does if he loses his sword.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|30r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|34r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|25v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 30v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>How to break him by jerking the leg and tearing of the neck.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|30v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|34v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|26r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 31r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The break to the tearing at the neck.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|31r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|35r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|26v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 31v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>How to ward off the tearing at the neck by pushing against the elbow.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|31v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|35v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 32r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Put the leg to the side and raise him up with the knob inside his leg.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|32r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|36r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|27r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 32v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Defeat a beaten man with power.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|32v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|36v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|27v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|050|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 33r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Pass under his eyes near the knee, bend and tear with the pommel.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|33r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|37r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|28r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|051|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 33v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|33v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|37v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 34r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|34r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|38r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 34v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|34v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|38v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|052|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cod.S.554 53.jpg|325px|center]]
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|053|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 35r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|35r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|39r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 35v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>How to keep someone on his back on the ground.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|35v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|39v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|054|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 36r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>How to hold someone on his nose on the ground.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|36r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|40r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|28v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|055|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 36v.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>Praised be Mary and her child and all who live with them.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|36v|jpg}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|40v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|29r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Poleaxe
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Harrison Ridgeway]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 37v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The way you will confront someone with the axe.'''</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|37v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|41v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|14v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 38r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The first binding-on with the axe.'''</p>

<p>Note now when you use the pollaxe to fence, learn high and low binding-on as with the staff.<ref>It is unclear whether Paulus Kal left behind any staff treatises, but this indicates a clear connection between staff and pollaxe fighting.</ref></p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|38r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|42r|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|2|lbl=127r}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 38v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The first attempt at the wrenching.'''</p>

<p>Next you come to the first play. If he holds his hammer above him, then hold your thumb underneath by the left leg across the body. If he strikes from above, then parry with the lower part of the axe held above. Or let fly at him with a sweep and hook the axe inside the right knee to pull him down.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|38v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|42v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|3|lbl=127r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 39r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Another attempt at crippling and pulling.'''</p>

<p>Next he wants to perform the above play on you and hook you. When he lays the hook on you, strike with your axe from inside against his axe, lay with it against his leg and pull upwards with it as mentioned.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|39r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|43r|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|5|lbl=127r}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|15v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 39v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''A parry and hook in return.'''</p>

<p>Next if he counters the play above, then come in with the axe and wind in upwards...</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|39v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|43v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|6|lbl=127r}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 40r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Displace, wind up, and wrench him down by the neck.'''</p>

<p>...Wrench at his neck from above and set him back over your left leg on the right, or over the right leg to the left, and throw him. The play works from both sides.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|40r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|44r|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|7|lbl=127r}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|16r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 40v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Wind through quickly and directly like this; bind on and cast your point forward, pulling the axe towards you.'''<ref>This looks something like the ''reissen'' in Messer.</ref></p>

<p>Next, he binds on to you and both hammers stand upright. If he makes a peasant strike at you, sense and act as if you will parry, but let his strike go through forward so you can hook him by the nape, or strike him freely to the head, the shoulder or the arm.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|40v|jpg}}
| 
| 
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|44v|jpg|blk=1|p=1}}<br/><br/><br/>

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|8|lbl=127r}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|16v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 41r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''And if he straightens the axe to pull your leading hand free, when he pulls, hang<ref>Hang likely means to push the shaft through with your rear hand, suspending the head of the axe in front of you.</ref> after and impale<ref>''Ansetzen''.</ref> him, or wrench him down by the neck.'''</p>

<p>Next if he strikes at the same time as you and wants to pull your leading hand free, then give way and take his (hand) from him. If he sets his axe on to you, then set yours also onto him,<ref>Original appears to be nonsensical. With some consultation this is about as clear a translation I came across.</ref> and lengthen your axe...</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|41r|jpg}}
| 
| 
{{paget|Page:MS KK5126|45r|jpg|blk=1|p=1}}<br/><br/><br/>

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|9|lbl=127r}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|17r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 41v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The wrenching from the previous play.'''</p>

<p>...Then pull the left leg backward and place your axe on your right side, thus you have over-extended him.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|41v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|45v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|10|lbl=127r}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 42r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Seek to pierce between the armour.'''</p>

<p>Next, then lay the axe across the body with the hammer underneath and act as though you want to parry with the upper point, but seek to wrench<ref>“suech den vnttern rist”</ref> him from below, if he then strikes wide,<ref>Presumably since you are only acting as though you will parry, you are voiding, which could expose the armpit etc.</ref> seek the opening inside the hand or under the armpit and set upon<ref>Impalement is implied, probably with the queue.</ref> him.</p>

<p>Next if you are performing the previous play and parry with the upper point,<ref>The point standing upwards happens to be the queue in this play, but likely does not matter.</ref> then guide all his strikes to the side, and the play goes like Hildebrand’s Cut<ref>Hildebrand’s Cut is described by Paurenfeyndt as a parry which allows the opponent’s attack to slide downward off the weapon and to the side.</ref> in the long sword, however<ref>“Indes” - most likely not in the fencing sense but used as it commonly is.</ref> it works with the axe as well as with other weapons.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|42r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|46r|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|11|lbl=127r}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|12|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 42v.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>Blessed be Maria and Child, and all who are with them.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|42v|jpg}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|46v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Questions for dueling
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Jens P. Kleinau]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>First he should inquire before the assembly about all things and rights which a fighter should have according to the law, may it be an advisor, a listener and a grid-warden, and what a fighter should have (possess or be equipped with). </p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|1|lbl=128v}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 43v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Advisor</p>

<p><br/></p>

<p>Fighter</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|43v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|47v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|059|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 44r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Listerner</p>
:Grid-warden
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|44r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|48r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|060|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>When his advisor is named, he should ask how he should advise, so that he does it lawfully and not unlawfully. </p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask if he and the advisor may go to the fighter while he is seated at his rest-place and speak to him (negotiate) about their claims.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should then ask whether he won or lost victory, if he and his advisor may go to him and talk about their claims, when he his back again at his rest-place in the circle.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>When the grid-warden or the listener is named, then he should ask how he should loose so that he does it lawfully and not unlawfully.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask how he should handle the staff so that he does it lawfully.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask, if one requires the staff, how he should push down the staff, so that he does it lawfully and not unlawfully.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask what the grid-warden or the listener should listen or see and how they should bring it forward, so that they do it lawfully and not unlawfully.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask, if that, what the grid-warden say unanimously, when they had seen or listen something, will rightfully stay that way.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|9|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask, if the grid-warden, are not related to each other, that they do not reject together, what the judges had seen or listened, such that it not stays rightfully, what should stay, and should be said by them too.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|10|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask, may it be the grid-warden or the judge, that they should say, that they process the law, that one can find [in a book].</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|11|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also then ask which fighter shall be the first to strike, if he has the right to choose and to have the advantage to be the first to enter the circle to sit with his chair where he wants.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|12|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask how many maces he should have and what he shall have for the combat.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|13|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask what the regulation is, when he loses a mace outside of the circle.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|14|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask too, if he loses a mace, which remains inside of the circle, if he will have the right to get it back, if he requires it.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|15|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask if his grid-warden is allowed to have a mace on him or is allowed to request one, that he may bring to him, so that he does it with Right and not unlawfully.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|16|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask what can go outside the circle, may it be a hand, a body, a foot, a shield, or a mace, what is the regulation on this.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|17|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask how many staffs, he is allowed to request for, and after how many he would lose the victory.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 128v.jpg|18|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask, if they should not be rightfully proved, such that they are not of the same size or his is incorrectly.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|1|lbl=129r}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should also ask if one should not be allowed to check the shield and other things if they are correct.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask how often he may have his rest and how long.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask how he should stand up in the combat.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should request that the all the formerly as given law declared and approved paragraphs and articles were written in(to) the book.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask, if someone steps back from the fight, how he will be judged and by whom.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| 
| <p>He should ask, if someone disturbs or makes noise, by words or any other means, what the law says on this, and if it is not rightfully forbidden, and how it is forbidden.</p>
| 
| 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>If a crowd gathers behind the circle, what are the precautions, that this will not bring any problems to the fighter.</p>
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 129r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Longshield
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Henry Tobler]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 44v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The stroke at the shield'''</p>

<p>Item, do thus with the long shield: learn to deliver the ''Oberhau'' and ''Unterhau'' and learn to bind well below and above, and in the techniques described hereafter you will learn the side wrenching.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|44v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|48v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|13|lbl=127r}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|061|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|062|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 45r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''How one should be behind the shield with the club'''</p>

<p>Item, do thus the first technique behind the shield if you have a sword or mace: if you have a sword strike whatever opening you see; or cast [the mace] and call your marshal to give you another mace.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|45r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|49r|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|14|lbl=127r}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|063|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|064|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 45v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Here one seeks the other behind the shield'''</p>

<p>Item, do this with the shield and with mace near to him and shoot with the point of the mace to his shield’s barb [?] so that he must expose himself; immediately strike or thrust.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|45v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|49v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|15|lbl=127r}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|065|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|066|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 46r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''The step between the shields whereby he can expose him and strike or thrust with the club'''</p>

<p>Item, do this nearer to him and step with a foot on a point of his shield so that he is completely exposed, then strike to lame the wrist.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|46r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|50r|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|16|lbl=127r}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|067|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 46v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Here it comes to the winding and wrenching with the shields'''</p>

<p>Item, if you have used all of your maces, and stand freely with the shield and he also stands freely with his shield, see if you can go under his shield by the point and wrench it toward you, then take it and quickly cast it from you and work with your shield.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|46v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|50v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|17|lbl=127r}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|068|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 47r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''From the winding comes the thrust to the heart'''</p>

<p>Item, if you have no mace and he has none then wind against him and note, as you thrust, the feeling; this is called ‘finding’ or ‘weak and strong’.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|47r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|51r|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127r.jpg|18|lbl=127r}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|069|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 47v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>'''Here the previously described technique is completed'''</p>

<p>Item, if you have come from the mace and shield, then remember the “murder grips”: with the bottom of the feet pressing to the shin and stepping on the knee, grasping the genitals, the wrestling at the hip, the thrust to the heart, the arm break, to the neck and the nose, to the eyes, under the ears, or the Sun Pointer.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|47v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|51v|jpg|blk=1}}

{{section|Page:MS KK5126 127v.jpg|1|lbl=127v}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|070|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 48r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|48r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|52r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|071|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 48v.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>Praised be Mary and her child and all who live with them.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|48v|jpg}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|52v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Duel Between a Man and a Woman
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>Open for editing</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 49v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Thus is the man in the pit against the woman: he is buried to the waist and can walk around a little in it. One hand is tied to him by the elbow to the side, but he can move well.</p>
:<br/><br/>The woman should face him thus with a sleeve of her shirt that extends an Ell in front of the hand like a bag. In there she has a stone that weighs three pounds. She has nothing on except the shirt, which is tied between the legs with a cord.
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|49v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|53v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|057|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 50r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|50r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|54r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 50v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|50v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|54v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|058|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 51r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|51r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|55r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 51v.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>Praise be to Mary and her child and all of those with them in Paradise.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|51v|jpg}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|55v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Sword and Buckler
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>[[Cory Winslow]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 52v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>In the first guard position yourself thus.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|52v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|56v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 53r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>In the first binding-on position yourself thus.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|53r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|57r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 53v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The first technique. Catch his strike on your buckler, meanwhile strike low where you want.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|53v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|57v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 54r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>If he does the previous technique to you, then parry him low thus.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|54r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|58r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 54v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>If he strikes to your head, then search for the nearest touch to his breast .</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|54v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|58v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 55r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p> If he parries you equally with the blade, then fall over his hand with your pommel and tear after his neck.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|55r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|15r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|59r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 55v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Position yourself thus when you want to take his buckler, and grip him inverted in his buckler and wind it from his hand.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|55v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|15v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|59v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 56r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The previously described technique.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|56r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|16r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|60r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 56v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Wind the buckler over the elbow and take his sword, or throw him.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|56v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|16v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|60v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 57r.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>Thus he is thrown from the previously described technique.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|57r|jpg}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS 1825|17r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|61r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Gotti MS|1|jpg}}

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Long Sword
 | width = 240em
}}
<section begin="credits8"/>
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich]] and [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>[[Cory Winslow]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>
<section end="credits8"/><section begin="Leger"/>
|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 58r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The first guard is called the Ox.</p>
:The second guard is called the Plow. 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|58r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|18r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|62r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|29v|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|30r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|073|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|074|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 58v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The third guard is called the Fool.</p>
:The fourth is called From the Roof.
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|58v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|18v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|62v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|30v|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|31r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|075|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|076|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Gotti MS|2|jpg}}
<section end="Leger"/><section begin="Zornhaw"/>
|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 59r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The Wrath-hew Point threatens him.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|59r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|19r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|63r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|32r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|077|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 59v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Take off above without danger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|59v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|19v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|63v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|31v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Gotti MS|4|jpg}}

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 60r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Wind, stab.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|60r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|20r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|64r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|32v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 60v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>If he sees it, take it down.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|60v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|20v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|64v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|33r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
<section end="Zornhaw"/><section begin="Blossen"/>
|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 61r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Double above.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|61r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|21r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|65r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|33v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Gotti MS|5|jpg}}

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 61v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Mutate below.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|61v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|21v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|65v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|082|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Gotti MS|3|jpg}}

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 62r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Know to aim at Four Openings.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|62r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|66r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|083|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 62v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>So you strike wisely without danger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|62v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|66v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|34r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|084|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
<section end="Blossen"/>
|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 63r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Learn to work above.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|63r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|67r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|34v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|085|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS KK5126 67v.jpg|325px|center]]
| 
| 
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|67v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:MS KK5126 68r.jpg|325px|center]]
| 
| 
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|68r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 63v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The first hip wrestling with the sword.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|63v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|68v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|38r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|091|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 64r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The second hip wrestling with the sword.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|64r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|22r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|69r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|38v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|092|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 64v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The third hip wrestling with the sword.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|64v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|22v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|69v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|39r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|093|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 65r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The fourth hip wrestling with the sword.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|65r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|23r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|70r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|39v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 65v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Travel-after twofold.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|65v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|23v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|70v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|35r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|086|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 66r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Changing-through learn from both sides.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|66r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|71r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|35v|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|36r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|087|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
<section begin="Krumphaw"/>
|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 66v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Crooked on nimbly, throw the point on the hands.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|66v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|71v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|36v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|088|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
<section end="Krumphaw"/><section begin="Fehler"/>
|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 67r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Take the elbow in the balance. Step in the day, be not too slow.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|67r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|72r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|37r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|089|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
<section end="Fehler"/>
|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 67v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Grab-over on the  grip and tear.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|67v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|72v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|37v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|090|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 68r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Snap at him on both sides.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|68r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|73r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|40r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 68v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Tear at him on the blade.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|68v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|73v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|43v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 69r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The Outer Manner, your work therewith begins.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|69r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|24r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|74r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|44r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 69v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The Under-slice.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|69v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|24v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|74v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|44v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 70r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The Over-slice.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|70r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|75r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|45r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 70v.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>Speaking-Window make. Stand freely, see his business. The conclusion of the entire Epitome.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|70v|jpg}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|75v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|45v|jpg|blk=1}}{{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|46r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|100|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Messer
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich]] and [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>[[Cory Winslow]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 71v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Thus position yourself in the first guard.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|71v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|76v|png|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 72r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Catch him behind the grip at the front with the edge.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|72r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|77r|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|47r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 72v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Simultaneous hews together.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|72v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|77v|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|47v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 73r.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|73r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|25r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|78r|png|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 73v.jpg|400px|center]]
| 
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|73v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|25v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|78v|png|blk=1}}
| 
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 74r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>Equal binding-on, so step in long and catch his arm with his messer, and throw him over the hip, or strike him.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|74r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|26r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|79r|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|48r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 74v.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>This is the break to the previous technique. Grip over his elbow to your messer, and wind that under his throat and slice.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|74v|jpg}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS 1825|26v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|79v|png|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|48v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Dagger
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich]] and [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>[[Cory Winslow]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 75v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>This is the Over-slice with the dagger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|75v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|27v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|80v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|50r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|101|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 76r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>This is the Under-slice with the dagger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|76r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|28r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|81r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|50v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|102|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 76v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The setting-off.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|76v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|28v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|81v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|51r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|103|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 77r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The limb moving-over and set-off.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|77r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|82r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|51v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|104|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 77v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The one-fold lock with the dagger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|77v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|82v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|52r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|105|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 78r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The two-fold lock with the dagger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|78r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|83r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|52v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|106|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 78v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>How to break the lock with the dagger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|78v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|83v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|53r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|107|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 79r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The arm locking with the dagger.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|79r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|29r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|84r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|53v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 79v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The elbow in the balance.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|79v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|29v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|84v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|54r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| class="noline" | [[File:Cgm 1507 80r.jpg|400px|center]]
| class="noline" | <p>The unnamed turn with the dagger.</p>
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|80r|jpg}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS 1825|30r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|85r|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|54v|jpg|blk=1}}
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | 

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Grappling
 | width = 240em
}}
{| class="master" style="clear:both;"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations<br/>from the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich]] and [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn]] Versions</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>Open for editing</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Version]] (1460-1480){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (ca. 1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Version]] (ca. 1473-1503){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)}}</p>
! <p>[[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Version]] (ca. 1506-1514){{edit index|Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)}}</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Version]]{{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)}}</p>

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 81r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>How you shall position yourself in the first stance in the wrestling.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|81r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|31r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|86r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|55r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 81v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The striking-off in an equal hold.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|81v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|31v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|86v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|55v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 82r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The striking-out in an equal hold.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|82r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|32r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|87r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|56r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 82v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The first hip wrestling by the neck.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|82v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|32v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|87v|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|56v|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 83r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The counter over that.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|83r|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|88r|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|57r|jpg|blk=1}}
| 
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 83v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The second hip wrestling over the shoulder.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|83v|jpg}}
| 
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|88v|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|57v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|116|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 84r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The counter over that.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|84r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|33r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|89r|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|58r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|117|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 84v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The third hip wrestling over the elbow and the arm locked.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|84v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|33v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|89v|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|58v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|118|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 85r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The counter over that.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|85r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|34r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|90r|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|59r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|119|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 85v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The fourth hip wrestling after the thigh.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|85v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|34v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|90v|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|59v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|120|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 86r.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The counter over that.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|86r|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|35r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|91r|png|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS Chart.B.1021|60r|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:Cod.S.554|121|jpg|blk=1}}
| 

|- 
| [[File:Cgm 1507 86v.jpg|400px|center]]
| <p>The slipping-through wrestling on both sides.</p>
| {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|86v|jpg}}
| {{paget|Page:MS 1825|35v|jpg|blk=1}}
| {{paget|Page:MS KK5126|91v|jpg|blk=1}}
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| <p>The counter against all slipping through.</p>
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|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Copyright and License Summary
 | width = 100%
}}
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]].

<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1507]] Illustrations
 | authors     = [[Bayerische Staatsbibliothek]]
 | source link = http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00001840/images/index.html
 | source title= Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
 | license     = noncommercial
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Cod.S.554]] Illustrations
 | authors     = [[Zentralbibliothek Solothurn]]
 | source link = http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Solothurner_Fechtbuch
 | source title= WikiMedia Commons
 | license     = default
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation
 | authors     = [[translator::Michael Chidester]]
 | source link = 
 | source title= Wiktenauer
 | license     = noncommercial
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation (Poleaxe)
 | authors     = [[translator::Harrison Ridgeway]]
 | source link = 
 | source title= Private communication
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation (Questions)
 | authors     = [[translator::Jens P. Kleinau]]
 | source link = https://talhoffer.wordpress.com/2015/04/16/what-to-do-if-you-are-for-the-judicial-duel-with-mace-and-shield/
 | source title= Hans Talhoffer: A Historical Martial Arts blog by Jens P. Kleinau
 | license     = linkware
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation (Longshield)
 | authors     = [[translator::Christian Henry Tobler]]
 | source link = https://www.freelanceacademypress.com/duelingshield.aspx
 | source title= Freelance Academy Press
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Transcription]]
 | authors     = [[Dierk&nbsp;Hagedorn]]
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)]]
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Transcription]]
 | authors     = [[Dierk&nbsp;Hagedorn]]
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)]]
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Transcription]]
 | authors     = [[Dierk&nbsp;Hagedorn]]
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)]]
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)|Gotti Transcription]]
 | authors     = 
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Gotti MS)]]
 | license     = 
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)|Solothurn Transcription]]
 | authors     = 
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Solothurner Fechtbuch (Cod.S.554)]]
 | license     = 
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)|Gotha Transcription]]
 | authors     = 
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS Chart.B.1021)]]
 | license     = 
}}
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/>
{{master end}}

== Additional Resources ==

{{bibliography}}

== References ==

{{reflist|2}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kal, Paulus}}
{{Liechtenauer tradition}}
__FORCETOC__

[[Category:Masters]]

[[Category:German]]

[[Category:Armored Fencing]]
[[Category:Dagger]]
[[Category:Grappling]]
[[Category:Longshield]]
[[Category:Longsword]]
[[Category:Man vs. Woman]]
[[Category:Messer]]
[[Category:Mounted Fencing]]
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
[[Category:Sword and Buckler]]

[[Category:New format]]
[[Category:Modular display candidate]]