View source for Hans Medel

{{infobox writer
| name                 = [[name::Hans Medel von Salzburg]]
| image                = File:Hans Medel.jpg
| imagesize            = 250px
| caption              = A play from Medel's fencing manual

| pseudonym            = 
| birthname            = 
| birthdate            = 
| birthplace           = 
| deathdate            = 
| deathplace           = 
| resting_place        = 
| occupation           = [[Fencing master]]{{#set:occupation=fencing master}}
| nationality          = 
| ethnicity            = 
| citizenship          = Salzburg, Germany
| education            = 
| alma_mater           = 
| patron               = 

| period               = 
| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
| language             = [[language::Early New High German]]
| subject              = 
| movement             = [[Johannes Liechtenauer|Liechtenauer tradition]]
| notableworks         = 
| archetype            = 
| manuscript(s)        = [[Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)|Cod. I.6.2º.5]] (ca. 1500)
| principal manuscript(s)=
| first printed edition= 
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]

| spouse               = 
| partner              = 
| children             = 
| relatives            = 
| influences           = {{plainlist
 | [[Nicolaus]]
 | [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]]
 | [[Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt]]
}}
| influenced           = 
| awards               = 
| signature            = 
| website              = 
| translations         = {{collapsible list
| {{Hungarian translation|http://www.middleages.hu/magyar/harcmuveszet/vivokonyvek/niedl.php|1}}
| {{French translation|https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KhdUBj8XfatJexGyHyK07dkBtKYtjzuZ/view|1}}
}}
| below                = 
}}
'''Hans Medel von Salzburg''' (Hans Niedel, Hans Mendel) was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. Little is known about this master, but he seems to have been associated with the tradition of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]. He may have traced his lineage through [[Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt]], a member of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]],<ref>The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of [[Paulus Kal]]'s treatise: [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|MS 1825]] (1460s), [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1507]] (ca. 1470), and [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (1480s).</ref> as Medel's text is the only known source that mentions teachings from the earlier master.

Medel's name is attached to a manuscript fencing treatise from the late 15th or early 16th century, including an incomplete [[gloss]] of Liechtenauer's [[Recital]] on the long sword and an addendum on fencing based on "the Seven Stances"; it seems to have been written by a student or associate of Medel rather than the master himself. This gloss is unique in the Liechtenauer tradition in that it not only offers unique commentary on the Recital, but also both quotes and occasionally criticizes or corrects the earlier glosses of [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] and [[Nicolaüs]]. The gloss specifically describes a teaching of Hans Seydenfaden or Hans Medel in a few places, but in several more it merely attributes the teaching to "Master Hans" without indicating which one.

This manuscript eventually passed into the library of [[Paulus Hector Mair]], who seems to have acquired it in 1539 and bound it into the current [[Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)|Codex I.6.2º.5]] some time after 1566; unfortunately, the extant fragment of the gloss terminates abruptly at the beginning of the section on drawing back, and the remainder is currently lost.

== Treatise ==

{{master begin
 | title = Long Sword Gloss
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>[[Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)|Transcription]]{{edit index|Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)}}<br/>by [[Andreas Engström]], [[Anton Kohutovič]], <br/>and [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>Here the recital itself begins. In this, the knightly art of the long sword lies written, which Johannes Liechtenauer, who was a great master in the art, composed and created. By the grace of god he had let the recital be written with obscure and disguised words, so that the art shall not become common. And so Master Sigmund ein Ringeck, who was known at this time as fencing master to the highborn prince and noble Lord Albrecht, Pfalzgraf of the Rhine and Herzog of Bavaria, had these same obscure and disguised words of the recital glossed and interpreted as lay written here in this book, so that any one fencer who can otherwise fight properly may well go through and understand. And thereafter also enriched and improved by other masters and especially through Master Hans Medel from Salzburg which then follows after this.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 21r.jpg|1|lbl=21r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''This is the forward.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>1</small>
| ''Young knight learn<br/>&emsp;loveth god, furthermore honor women.''
|- 
| <small>2</small>
| ''Thus cultivate your honor,<br/>&emsp;practice chivalry and learn''
|- 
| <small>3</small>
| ''art that decorates you <br/>&emsp;and in war compels to honor.''
|- 
| <small>4</small>
| ''Wrestling, good grappler,<br/>&emsp;glaive, spear and messer;''
|- 
| <small>5</small>
| ''manfully brandish<br/>&emsp;and, in other hands, ruin.''
|- 
| <small>6</small>
| ''Hew therein and hurry,<br/>&emsp;rush onwards. Hit or let drive''
|- 
| <small>7</small>
| ''Those maturing in this wisdom,<br/>&emsp;This one sees praises.''
|- 
| <small>8</small>
| ''Hold yourself to this,<br/>&emsp;all art has length and measure.''
|}
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 21r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''This is the text about many good general lessons of the long sword.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>9</small>
| ''If you wish to examine the art,<br/>&emsp;then go left and right with hewing''
|- 
| <small>10</small>
| ''and left with right<br/>&emsp;that is, if you desire to fence strongly.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, this is the first lesson of the long sword if you shall learn to hew the hews correctly from both sides if you wish to otherwise fence strongly and correctly. Understand it like this: When you wish to hew from the right side, see that your left foot stands forward. If you then hew an over-hew from the right side, then follow after the hew with the right foot. If you do not do this, then the hew is false and incorrect. When your right side remains there behind, the hew is thus shortened and can not have it's correct path downward to the other side before the left foot. Similarly, when you hew from the left side and the hew is not followed with the left foot, then the hew also false. Therefore note from whichever side you hew, that you follow-after the hew with the same foot if you want to correctly deploy all your plays with strength and as such all other hews shall be hewn.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 21r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 21v.jpg|1|lbl=21v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Again a text about a lesson'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>11</small>
| ''Whoever goes after hews,<br/>&emsp;They allow themselves to hardly enjoy the art.''
|- 
| <small>12</small>
| ''Hew closely whatever you wish.<br/>&emsp;No changing-through comes upon your cross.''
|- 
| <small>13</small>
| ''To the head, to the body<br/>&emsp;do not omit the biters.''
|- 
| <small>14</small>
| ''Fence with the entire body<br/>&emsp;whatever you desire to deploy strongly.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' When you come to someone with the approach, then you shall not look to his hew nor wait as he deploys it against you. Because all fencers that watch and wait upon the hew of someone else and will do nothing than displace, they shall enjoy such art less because they often become struck by that. Therefore hew and thrust to the opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 21v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item. Also note: Everything that you wish to fence, deploy that with the entire strength of your body and with that cleave-in closely to the head and to the body so he may not change through before your sword and with that hew shall not omit the biters to the nearest opening in the binding-on of the swords that will be explained hereafter in the five hews and other plays.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 21v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Again, text of a lesson.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>15</small>
| ''Hear what is bad.<br/>&emsp;Do not fence above left if you are below right.''
|- 
| <small>16</small>
| ''And also severely hindered<br/>&emsp;in the right, if you are left.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This lesson hits upon two people, a lefty and a righty. Understand it like this: When you come to the approach with someone, if you are a righty and intend to strike-into the opponent, then do not hew the first hew from the left side, because that is weak and cannot, with that, hold against when one binds strongly upon that. Therefore hew from your right side, then you can work strongly upon the sword with art, whatever you wish. Similarly, if you are a lefty, also do not hew from the right side, because that art is quite wild for a lefty to deploy from the right side. Similarly it is also for a righty from the left side.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 21v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22r.jpg|1|lbl=22r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A text of a lesson about the before and the after.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>17</small>
| ''Before and after, the two thing<br/>&emsp;are the one source of all art.
|- 
| <small>18</small>
| ''Weak and strong, in-the-moment,<br/>&emsp;with those note that word''
|- 
| <small>19</small>
| ''if you desire<br/>&emsp;to work and ward with art.''
|- 
| <small>20</small>
| ''If you frighten easily,<br/>&emsp;never learn any fencing.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that, before any confrontation, you shall understand and capture the two things, that is, the before and the after. Thereafter the weak and the strong of the sword and of the word in-the-moment. From those come the entire foundation and origin of all of the fencing. When you capture the things correctly and furthermore do not forget the word in-the-moment in all plays that you deploy, you will be a good master.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The Before.'''</p>

<p>The before, this is so that you shall (if you wish) always come before with a hew or with a thrust into the opening, so that he must displace. Then work in the displacement swiftly before you with the sword from one opening to the other so that he may not come before your work into his. But if he runs-in, then come before with the wrestling or point running.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The After.'''</p>

<p>The after is when you cannot come in the before (or otherwise will not take it), so await upon the after. That is the break upon any play that he deploys upon you. Understand it like this: When he comes before, so that you must displace him, then in-the-moment work swiftly with the after to the nearest opening in front of you. Thus, you hit him before he brings forth his play.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>In this way, you yet win the before and he remains after. In the after and in the before, you shall also note how you shall work with the word in-the-moment according to the weak and according to the strong of his sword and understand it like this: From the hilt of the sword the mid-part of the blade, the sword has its strong, with that you may hold against [it] well when someone binds upon you therein; and has its weak from the middle beyond to the point, you cannot hold against [it] there. And when you understand the things correctly, then you may work with the art properly and with that ward yourself and furthermore teach princes and lords so that they may well understand this art in play and in earnest. But if you frighten easily, then you should never learn this art about fencing, because you will become struck by any art. Therefore you shall not learn it because a blood drained heart does no good in fencing.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22v.jpg|1|lbl=22v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The text about the five hews.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>21</small>
| ''Learn the five hews,<br/>&emsp;from the correct<ref>alt: right</ref> hand<ref>alt: side</ref> against the weapon,''<ref>alt: defense</ref>
|- 
| <small>22</small>
| ''that we laud,<br/>&emsp;easily estimating the artificing.''<ref>the artist/professional doing their work</ref><ref>alt: gladly valuing in the arts</ref><ref>alt: gladly valuing with kindness</ref>
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note the recital lists five hidden hews about which many that name themselves master do not know to say: That you should not learn to hew differently from the correct<ref>alt: right</ref> side against them, when they position themselves against you in defence<ref>alt: weapon</ref> and if you select one of the hews from the five, then one may hit with the first strike. And whoever can break the hews without his harm and especially whatever work thereafter goes with it, that will be praised by the masters of the recital, thus his art shall be accredited to him better than another fencer that cannot fence against the five hews. And how you shall hew the five hews, you will find that in those very hews in the recital hereafter written and taught.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The text about the chief plays of the recital.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>23</small>
| ''Wrath-hew, crooked, thwart<br/>&emsp;has squinter with scalper''
|- 
| <small>24</small>
| ''fool displaces<br/>&emsp;following-after, run-over set the hew,''
|- 
| <small>25</small>
| ''change-through, pull, run-through,<br/>&emsp;cut-off, press the hands''
|- 
| <small>26</small>
| ''hang and with openings strike,<br/>&emsp;catch, stroke, thrust with blows.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, here the proper principal-plays of the art of the long sword are named, as all are specifically titled with their names and are seventeen in number, and it begins with the five hews. The first hew is called the wrath-hew. The second, the crooked-hew. The third, thwart-hew. The fourth, the squint-hew. The fifth, the part-hew.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Then the other twelve plays begin. The first or sixth in the numbering is called the four guards or positions. The seventh, the displaces. The eighth, the racing-after. The ninth, the running-over. The X, the offsetting. The XI, the changing-through. The XII, the disengaging. The XIII, the running-through. The XIV, the cutting-off. The XV, the hand pressing. The XVI, the hangings. The XVII, the windings.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 22v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>And how you shall uncover with the hanging and the winding and deploy all the aforenamed plays, you will find it all taught and written hereafter in the explanation and glosses of the recital, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23r.jpg|1|lbl=23r}}

|- 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_23r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <section begin="wrath-1"/><p>'''The text on the wrath-hew with its plays and works.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>27</small>
| ''Who over-hews you, wrath-hew<br/>&emsp;Threatens<ref>eindrohen: to imminently threaten</ref> the point.''
|- 
| <small>28</small>
| ''If he becomes aware of it,<br/>&emsp;Take-off without driving.''
|- 
| <small style="color:#696969;">[13]</small>
| ''To the head, to the body<br/>&emsp;Do not omit the biters''<ref>Zeck: a biting insect, ie: a tick.</ref>
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' When one will fell you with an over-hew to the head from his right side, then you hew as well against it with a wrath-hew from your right side (especially if he stays soft against the sword) and in the hew, launch the wrath-point into his face and thrust.<includeonly></p></includeonly><section end="wrath-1"/> <section begin="wrath-2"/><includeonly><p></includeonly>If he subsequently sees it and notices and displaces, then take-off above and strike around it from your left shoulder to his right with the short edge if it goes nearer<ref>alt: closer, sooner</ref> than the other. And break the biters to the head, to the body if you can. You may also properly take-off colliding with the long edge, there after warring or separating<ref>this is usually the term for the severing of limbs/extremities, though it can mean hewing while exiting or just separating</ref> from him, etc.</p><section end="wrath-2"/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-3"/><p>Item. The wrath-hew is nothing other than a strong wrathful over-hew like a simple peasant strike and is obscurely named in the record for the over-hew. The same as with the other four hews that will follow hereafter with their particular names. So that they, with their principles and plays, are not common to everyone.</p><section end="wrath-3"/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|1|lbl=23v}}

|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-4"/><p>'''The taking-off''' is nothing other than when you have bound on with someone from over-hews and go-up upon his sword and draw your sword above, around his sword or point, to the other side or shoulder into another hew to his other side or opening.</p><section end="wrath-4"/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-5"/><p>'''Break against the taking-off.'''</p>

<p>If one takes-off and strikes to your other side, then bind or lay-into him, that is, wind-in strongly with the short edge into the ears and goes to both sides, also called doubling and mutating.</p><section end="wrath-5/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-6"/><p>'''A different taking-off'''</p>

<p>As Master Hans Medel lays-out and betters: If you wish to take-off, when you have threatened him with your point then take away with the short edge and do not strike to his right with an over-hew. If he then flies-on again, wind crooked out against him immediately to the earth. If he will then go up again and strike at you to your left, strike in-the-moment against it, again with the short edge, to his right under his[sic] sword or wait upon him again into the after and wind-in to his right crooked into his head. Remember the biters with the short edge upon his head.</p><section end="wrath-6"/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-7"/><p>'''Again the text'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>29</small>
| ''Be strong against it<br/>&emsp;Wind thrust, if he sees it above, then take it below''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' If you have both bound on with an over-hew and wrath-hew as above and have not yet thrown with the point. If he is then strong upon the sword, then be strong out against and wind-up on the sword into the thrust or stab. If he then sees it and will ward it and fend-off and drive up into the air with the displacement; then, where it has connected, set the point underneath between his arms upon the breast</p><section end="wrath-7"/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-8"/><p>Or take-off with either the short or long edge as above as the others maintain.</p><section end="wrath-8"/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-9"/><p>Or rather, when you fence with another, if he binds softly upon the sword, then drive further with the sword strongly and lay-upon him upon the neck and drag him to the side. But if he binds-on hard and strong, then be strong against and wind the short edge upon his sword and thrust and snap quickly back around it and strike to his right side with the short edge—if you go closer. Or rather, if you have wound the short edge upon his sword, then strike-against<ref>widerschlagen: to strike against, in a reverberating sense</ref> him to the same side, down to the head.</p><section end="wrath-9"/>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 23v.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 24r.jpg|1|lbl=24r|p=1}}


|- 
| 
| <section begin="wrath-10"/><p>'''Be strong against it'''</p>

<p>As Master Hans Medel says: If you will bind on another with the wrath-hew and point, then be strong in the binding-on with the thwart against him. If he then sees that, then take-off again with the crooked or short edge to his right as above with its work, etc. You may also properly remain after your short strike and go-after him.</p><section end="wrath-10"/>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 24r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A good text of a good common lesson'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>30</small>
| ''Always note this:<br/>&emsp;cut, stab, position, soft or hard.''
|- 
| <small>31</small>
| ''In-the-moment drive after<br/>&emsp;without hurry. Let your war not be rash.''
|- 
| <small>32</small>
| ''Whoever aspires to that in the war,<br/>&emsp;they become shamed above.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall accurately consider when one binds upon your sword with a hew or thrust or otherwise whether he is soft or hard. As you perceive or feel it then wind in-the-moment with the war according to the soft or hard to the nearest opening, then you shall know what seems best to you in-the-moment: whether you should work with the before or with the after. Yet you should not be too hasty with the inciting of the war, because the war is nothing other than the windings in the sword. They are to be wisely deployd upon whoever that does not understand or know them well.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 24r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A text: How one shall correctly find hew [and] thrust. A lesson:'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>33</small>
| ''In all winding<br/>&emsp;learn to correctly find hew, thrust, cut.''
|- 
| <small>34</small>
| ''You shall also<br/>&emsp;test <span style="color:#696969;">[the offending<br/>position whether it is soft or hard, etc.]*</span><br/>&emsp;cut, thrust or cut''
|- 
| <small>35</small>
| ''in all hits<br/>&emsp;of the masters if you wish to confound them.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall learn to find hew, thrust, and cut in all winding, also so you shall be quite ready with all winding upon the sword. Because each winding has three particular plays, that is: a hew, a stab and a cut. And when you wind upon the sword, so you shall quite precisely test, so that you do not incorrectly select the play that is called for in the winding. Hence, you do not hew when you shall thrust and not thrust when you shall cut and when one displaces the one, so you hit with the other. Hence, if one displaces your stab, then deploy the hew. If one runs-in upon you, then deploy the under-cut into his arm. Note this in all hits and bindings-on of the sword if you wish to mock the masters that set themselves against you and do not understand.</p>

<p>* Master Hans also calls for this back in other places.</p>
| 
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{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 24r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}

|- 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_24v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''About the four openings'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>36</small>
| ''Know to target the four openings,<br/>&emsp;so you strike wisely''
|- 
| <small>37</small>
| ''upon any drive<br/>&emsp;without doubt as he bears.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' You shall here note the four openings upon the opponent that you shall always initiate-fencing. The first opening is the right side, the second the left side; above the girdle of the man. The other two are the right and the left sides below the girdle. Take precise note of the openings in the approach with whichever opening he opens himself against you. Target that cunningly without danger with the shooting-in of the long-point and with racing-after and also with the winding upon the sword and otherwise with all attacks and do not heed as he bears against you, thus if you perceive wisely and strike a strike thereupon, then that is exquisite and allows him to not come into his plays. And always target the opening and not the sword. If (he) will displace you, then work further to the closest opening with the war or otherwise.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 24v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''How one shall break the four openings'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>38</small>
| ''If you wish to reckon yourself,<br/>&emsp;artfully break the four openings.''
|- 
| <small>39</small>
| ''Above, double;<br/>&emsp;below right, mutate.''
|- 
| <small>40</small>
| ''I say to you truthfully,<br/>&emsp;no one protects themselves without danger.''
|- 
| <small>41</small>
| ''If you have understood this,<br/>&emsp;he may come to little.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' As Master Hans Medel has said: If you have bound on with someone from earnest over-hews or otherwise and wish to take reckon<ref>rechnen: compute, take into account, align</ref> yourself and the opening. In this, he will have displaced and broken your strikes. If he then strikes back around to the other side into the other opening of your head with taking-off or otherwise, then you shall again break the openings, that is, striking with the doubling or the mutating so that you break the opening from one side to the other and becomes struck and you displace and strike as one without harm.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25r.jpg|1|lbl=25r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Here note how you shall deploy the doubling to both sides.'''</p>

<p>You shall deploy the doubling like this: When he has bound on you with an over-hew, or otherwise, from his right side to your left, etc. and strikes you back again around it to your right side, then do nothing more as soon as you perceive the moment he strikes, then wind-in your sword under his sword to the side with the short edge upon his left side so he becomes struck and is bound to it or pinned alike, that is then called the doubling above and breaking the openings with it. You may also make the doubling against his right side, yet you must wind-in crooked, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>If he will strike around, after your doubling into your left side to the head, then mutate to his right.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Here note how you shall deploy the mutating to both sides.'''</p>

<p>Make the mutating like this: When you have just doubled-in and broken the opening as is taught above, if he will then strike back around it to your left side, etc. But if he is not to strike back here, then you must not allow anything more to go through, as above, etc. Then allow your point to go through it, between you both and strike him in the other opening of the right side of the head. If from this he then strikes to your lower openings, then you wind with the sword or point back here into the lower openings whichever way thus you break all of his openings like this so that he does not truthfully know where he is without danger and may not come well to blows. This is called 'down right mutate' and breaking and reckoning the openings as Master Hans Medl von Salzburg says.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_25v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''The crooked-hew with its plays.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>42</small>
| ''Crook-up swiftly,<br/>&emsp;throw the point upon the hands.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you shall hew crooked to the hands. Deploy it like this: Stand with your left foot forward and hold your sword crooked out forward with the point upon the ground, that is, with crossed hands such that the long edge stands upwards well in the scales and the first play according to the text deploys like this: When one initiates a hew at you from his right shoulder with an over- or under-hew, so step in well toward him with your right foot against him in this and let the crossed hand or the crook go-up and offset the hew with your sword with the long edge or point thrown well out-over his hand against<ref>towards</ref> his left side. Thereafter, war and work as you wish. But if he over-throws you with the hands with power with his going-up, then let it go easily and make a strike around it around your head into his left side with the short or long edge, whichever course goes nearer. He breaks that with mutating against you. This hew also breaks the guards of the oxen. When someone stands therein against you, so you must break your crooked-hew there-against. It also breaks over- and under-hews and is one of the four displaces against the four guards such as the oxen.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25v.jpg|1|lbl=25v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>''Rule: Give yourself a firm opening in the crooked-hew.''</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 25v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_26r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''Again a play'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>43</small>
| ''Crook whoever sets well, <br/>&emsp;With stepping, [he] disrupts many hews''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you will offset the over-hews with the crooked-hew. It deploys like this: Stand well crooked next to your left foot, which shall stand forward, crossing to the same side, that is, in the crooked setting-on with your sword with crossed hands with the point upon the ground. When he then strikes into the opening from his right side, so step and strike or offset and work as closest above. Yet, if you are able to fall well over the hands in the barrier-guard as others name, [it] goes to both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 26r.jpg|1|lbl=26r}}

|- 
| <p>And if you stand and have your sword to the other side in the crooked setting-on and not with crossed hands, rather with open arms, then the long edge again stands above and with offsetting as before and thereafter working with warring or otherwise. That is, that you also strike him properly from the offsetting to his head. This is so that you also strike or thrust him well upon his head from the offsetting. [This] is also good against the fool or the flat. If he throws you over it as above, then strike as above, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 26r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Again a play'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>44</small>
| ''Hew crooked to the flat <br/>&emsp;of the masters if you wish to weaken them.''
|- 
| <small>45</small>
| ''When it clashes above, <br/>&emsp; then stand <ref>In the standard verse it is 'ab', not 'fast'</ref>. That I will laud.''
|}
<p>This is when you wish to weaken the master. So note when someone stands hanging in the flat or the fool with the right foot forward. So hew from your right side from the crooked setting-on and offset him with crossed hands, crooked upon his sword and tread in and as soon as your sword has clashed upon it, stand firm and wait upon the after, etc. Or if you will not wait, then swiftly strike back up from the sword with the short or long edge at his head into his left side or wind the short edge on his sword with the crooked-hew and stab into his chest or do whatever you think is good.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 26v.jpg|1|lbl=26v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Again a play'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>46</small>
| ''Do not crooked-hew, short-hew. <br/>&emsp;With it, display the changing-through.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when he hews or stands against you in the flat or the fool as closest above, etc. So act as if you will bind upon his sword with the crooked-hew or the setting-on, then hew short and drive-through with the point under his sword and wind or pull-through to your right side with the point between you both into a thrust to his right side and stab him in the face just as you come into the flat stance and thrust sharply<ref>severely, precisely, ruthlessly, violently</ref> in.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 26v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Again a play.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>47</small>
| ''Whoever foils you crooked, <br/>&emsp;the noble war confounds them''
|- 
| <small>48</small>
| ''that they do not truthfully know <br/>&emsp;where they are without danger.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you wish to deploy the crooked-hew, you must always give an opening with it and understand it like this. When you cleave-in from your right side or left side or bind upon his sword, from whichever side you hew, so are you open on the other. If he is also then clever and will hew from the sword to your opening and will make you err with agility, then remain with your sword upon his sword or hew after and wind in crooked or the point into the face and work further with the war or strike to the openings. So he becomes confounded so that he will not feasibly know where he shall guard himself in front of you against hews or thrusts. Also if he will confound you such that he sets-upon with his sword and does not let up, etc. Then remain against his sword as above and follow-after him as above.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 26v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_27r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''The thwart-hew with its plays.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>49</small>
| ''The thwart-hew takes-off<br/>&emsp;whatever approaches from the roof.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' the thwart-hew is nothing other than the middle-hew. It breaks any hew that will either arrive or will be hewn from above downward or from the roof. You shall deploy it like this: Stand with the left foot forward and hold your sword in the middle-hew in behind at the midsection or waist by the right foot or side such that the long edge is above. And when someone cleaves-in above from the roof into the opening or the head, then step or spring forth against him with the right foot and offset his hew with the thwart, that is crooked, well to your left, etc. And after the offsetting, then wind-in with the short edge to his left into his head if you will remain upon his sword. War if it necessary. But if he makes a disengaging and will strike you from his left, then come-against swiftly around that with the crooked under cut into his arm, so long as [you] do not wander off too widely in the offsetting.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 27r.jpg|1|lbl=27r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>50</small>
| ''Thwart with the strong.<br/>&emsp;With that, remember your work.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is about how you shall strengthen, break  and work strongly with any thwart-strike and like this in particular: when he will initiate a strike from above downwards like from-the-roof. So run inside against his hew strongly with the thwart just like the cut only that your thumb is underneath; and with that, strike him upon his left side or head. Thereafter if he strengthens a lot against you atop of that, then hang well and strike him from the hanging to his right side and tread with the left foot well to his right, etc, viz:<ref>videlicet: namely; to wit</ref> Hew-off<ref>abhauen: to sever or to hew in exit</ref> or War, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 27v.jpg|1|lbl=27v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item. But if you sense when you bind on him with strength and he is weak upon the sword, then lay the short edge across to his right side upon his neck.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 27v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A break for the laying-on.'''</p>

<p>When someone works upon you with the above, laid upon the neck as well, then release your sword from the left hand and shove his sword from the neck with the right and step with the left foot against his left side in front of both of his feet and drive closely with the left arm over both of his arms by his hilt and in front of him into the dance. Or, and better, step behind him in the scales and with the left arm on the neck, ahead or back around and throwing over the foot. Or release your sword from the left hand and strike him with the right through the mouth with the sword over his sword and grasp your sword with the left hand in the middle of the blade and shove him from you with the point, etc. If it is not good, better shove or take his weight from you by the elbow.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 27v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Yet another play.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>51</small>
| ''Thwart into the plow; <br/>&emsp;into the ox, join well.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when someone lays before you in his stance in the plow or ox. That is, when he stands with the right foot forward and lies with his sword out forward with the point on the ground. So fall upon that above<ref>alt: high</ref> with the thwart. Thereafter work in that, into the opening as it gives itself or war. But if he moves the weapon up to the head into the fool, then you may again sit-atop<ref>aufsitzen: to sit on top of something. A rider was sometimes called an 'Aufsitzer'</ref> that and work. War. Also in the same way, if someone sets upon you from the thwart or crooked hew, then remain on his sword and work in the after as in the last stance of the plow with the after.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 27v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>52</small>
| ''Whoever thwarts themselves well, <br/>&emsp;endangers the head with springing.''
|}
<p>This is when you stand in the thwart and will endanger his head with strikes. So, in your thwart-hew let your point go through to the left side and in the going through, spring or step well to his left side with your right foot and strike him threateningly with the thwart to the left side of his head with the short edge yet so that you are well covered in it with the sword or hilt. Similarly it also goes to the left side with the going through and striking to his right side with the long edge, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28r.jpg|1|lbl=28r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play from the thwart-hew called the failer'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>53</small>
| ''The failer misleads. <br/>&emsp;It wounds from below according to desire.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, any fencer that likes to displace will be dazzled and misled and easily struck with the failer. Deploy it like this: When you stand in the thwart and act as if you will strike him to his left side to the head from the thwart or from over-hews and in the hew divert or snatch away the hew and strike him with the thwart into the lower openings under his sword over to the left side of his hip or wherever it may occur to you and is called the wounding below if it is sent under under the sword and not from the under opening under the belt. Thus is he wounded according to desire and struck. War.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play, the thwart inverter'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>54</small>
| ''The inverter overwhelms.<br/>&emsp;Also with [it] the runner-through wrestles.''
|- 
| <small>55</small>
| ''Surely take the elbow. <br/>&emsp;Spring to him into the scales.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you have hewn with the failer as was taught above. So strike it back around him to the left side with the thwart. If he then falls upon your sword, then swiftly hang and in the hanging, run through and take the scales from him by the elbows and step in forward with the left foot and shove him thereover. You may also make also make a wrestling in the running through as so: step behind him with the left foot and drive your left arm forward around his neck and throw him backwards over the foot. You may also properly restrain his back around his neck and throw.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|1|lbl=28v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Others speak like this: When you have bound upon with someone, so twist your sword so that your thumb comes below, that is, into the thwart and stab him in the face with the point so you overwhelm him so that he must displace and in the displacement, run in and shove his elbow which wrestles as above, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item. As for how you shall run through, you find that hereafter in the play that says: Run through, allow to hang.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Yet another play.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>56</small>
| ''The failer hits one twice. <br/>&emsp;Make the high cut with power.''
|}
<p>According to Master Hansen, [he] says: This is how you have misled with the first failer and struck him to his right side, etc. as above. So strike it back around swiftly yet once more to the other right side. That's called the double, etc. You can continue trebly like this making it back around to the opening. If you then come upon his sword, such that he displaces, then war or wind with him, etc. If he will then also strike, then go after him in-the-moment with the cut in over his arm and press after.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Others differ and is also called the double failer. With respect to this, one shall deploy a double misleading in an approach. The first deploys like this: When you come to him in one approach, so step or spring with the right foot so that your left foot stands in front against him and act as if you will strike to his left side with a thwart and snatch away the strike and spring forwards with the left foot to his right and strike him on the head to the right side if it is arrayed as in the first play, war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Yet another play.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>57</small>
| ''Double it further, <br/>&emsp;step in left and do not be lazy.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is the closest play above as Master Hans says, [he] explains with the cut. But others say that when you have struck with the first misleading to the left side to the head, then immediately strike back around to the right side to his head and drive over his sword with the short edge from crossed arms and spring in left, that is, to your left side and cut him through the mouth with the long edge and extract<ref>ausheben: lift out</ref> yourself [to the side]<ref>conjecture, possibly: 'neben'</ref>.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 28v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29r.jpg|1|lbl=29r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item you may deploy the failer from the over-hews in the same way as from the thwart-hew whenever you wish and the thwart goes to both sides, though [it is] more effective from the right side when your left foot stands forward.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_29r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''This is the squint-hew with it's plays'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>58</small>
| ''The squinter breaks-into<br/>&emsp;whatever the buffalo strikes or stabs.''
|- 
| <small>59</small>
| ''Whoever deploys the change, <br/>&emsp;the squinter robs him from that.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' The squint-hew is nothing other than the change-hew. Named according to the record, the squint-hew, which is such an exquisite hew, that breaks-in<ref>alt: breaks-apart, shatters, asunders; burgles; interrupts</ref> buffaloes or thugs, which take victory by force in hews and in stabs. Deploy the hew like this: If you stand with your right foot forward and lay in the squint-hew, so that the thumb must be above on the sword. If he then hews into you from his right side, step into him swiftly in-the-moment with your left foot and offset his hew strongly with your short edge and from that, make a rapid strike from your left shoulder, crooked, with the long edge into the right side of his head, but if he comes against it very quickly and displaces your hew so that you come upon his sword, then wind-in above with power and lay your sword on his throat. If he will then escape ever with force, then follow after him just accordingly so he may not rightly escape.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|1|lbl=29v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>But if you wish to let him off easy, then wind-after him with the war and between his arms as it connects, etc. But if you stand with the left foot forward, then lay your thumb below, so you may again offset his over-hew with the short edge and strike to his left side to the head with the short edge and with the right foot stepping-into. Or, offsetting over his sword, winding-in to his right side to the head or laying upon the throat, etc, war. But if he wishes to change-through in his hew, then wind-in crooked upon his sword and bring forth your work and lay upon him.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>60</small>
| ''Squint-on if he shortens you. <br/>&emsp;Changing-through brings victory.''<ref>ansiegen: to return with victory</ref>
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is a teaching. When you come to him with the approach, you should squint<ref>glance, discern, glean</ref> whether he stands short or badly against you. So, with this, you shall identify when he hews into you, if he then does not stretch his arms out long from himself, then the sword is shortened. If you then lay before him in the squinter or lay before you in the fool by the head<ref>Ochs</ref>, then it is again shortened. For all windings or standings crooked in the sword in front of the opponent are short and shorten the sword. To all that hold themselves like this, you shall freely change-through them with the long point out of hews and out of stabs into the face. With that you threaten them such that they must displace or allow themselves to be wounded or pierced. War. Master Hans likes to change-through if the right foot is before him and stands in the change or squinter and when one is shortened against him, especially standing in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref>.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>''If you stand crookedly or openly in the hanging displacement, as Seydenfaden had taught, it is also shortened and good for you to change-through.''</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Again a play'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>61</small>
| ''Squint to the point, <br/>&emsp;take the neck without fear.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is the squinter that breaks the long point with a deception of the eyes. Deploy it like this according to Master Hans lesson: If you stand in the squinter and your right foot stands forward and he also stands in with his right foot forward in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref> with the flat near the left side of his head and hurries the point against you, then squint into that and act as if you will hew into that and run-in past under his sword with the left foot, crooked-hew into his neck and take the neck without any fear. Thereafter work with the war or whatever you wish.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 29v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30r.jpg|1|lbl=30r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Also do as others say: If you stand with the left foot forward in the squinter and he holds the point long or short against your face, then squint at the point and act as if you will strike into that and strike upon his sword with the short edge and with that shoot-in the point long into the right side of his neck without fear, though also step past with your right foot. War. But if you wish to take the before, then sit-atop him crooked, then again strike quickly from the sword with the short edge into his left side. War.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another Play.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>62</small>
| ''Squint to the top of the head <br/>&emsp;if you wish to ruin the hands.''
|}
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you stand in the squinter with your left foot forward and he also holds himself with the left foot forward in the squinter or otherwise however he wishes. So snap in with your sword or flat to his right side into the head. If he overlooks this, then he will be quite prodigiously<ref>could also mean 'carelessly'</ref> struck and thereafter pull swiftly and from that make a hew upon his sword to his left side into his head with the short edge. War.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Others speak like this: When he will cleave-in to you above or stand against you in the long point, then squint with the face as if you will strike atop the head, hew with the short edge against his hew and strike him with the point to the hands upon his sword's edge.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_30v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''The squinter with scalper with it's plays'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>63</small>
| ''The scalper <br/>&emsp;is a threat to the face.''
|- 
| <small>64</small>
| ''With it's turn, <br/>&emsp;the chest is quickly<ref>Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.</ref> threatened.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you stand in the squinter with the right foot forward and someone initiates a hew at you with over-hews, etc. Then, swiftly flip your sword back around while he strikes in the plunge-hew (that is, the part-hew in the recital) with the point against him well inside in the scales under his hew or sword to the face or chest. Thereafter, work whatever you wish that is quite threatening to him.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30v.jpg|1|lbl=30v}}

|- 
| <p>Master Hans Seydenfaden also taught the scalper like this: initiate a hew straight above from the top of the head with the long edge and swiftly upon that, an under-hew to the right side of his head. Thereafter according to the two plays in his school rules with other strikes, treads and deception.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play. How the crown breaks the scalper.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>65</small>
| ''What comes from him, <br/>&emsp;the crown takes away.''
|}
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone has thrown-in the point at you with the scalper as is first taught. So break the crown against it, because it breaks the scalper like this: If he also stands as such, then fall into the hew with your hilt over<ref>across</ref> his blade or over<ref>across</ref> the grip between both hands and back off so he will be struck upon the head, etc. This is called the crown.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 30v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31r.jpg|1|lbl=31r|p=1}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_31r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>Others differ like this: When you hew-in above with the scalper, if he then displaces high with the sword gripped with an armed hand or athwart over the head. That is called the crown against Seydenfaden's scalper and with that run-in with shoving, etc. It also takes-off the scalper. This also breaks someone like this again as above with the hilt thrown over that and cast down.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>'''Another play. How the cut breaks the crown.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>66</small>
| ''Hew through the crown, <br/>&emsp;so you break the hard beautifully.''
|- 
| <small>67</small>
| ''Press the strike. <br/>&emsp;It backs-off with cutting.''
|}
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone backs off the scalper with the crown in the same way as above. So follow after him and backing him so you cut him on the head, etc. Then you separate off to the side.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Others differ like this: when he displaces the scalper or otherwise a hew with the armed crown and with that runs-in, then take the cut under his hands, into his arms and press firmly upward and with the stroke back yourself off with it.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31v.jpg|1|lbl=31v}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_31v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''About the four positions'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>68</small>
| ''Four positions alone, <br/>&emsp;from those on holds and flee the common.''
|- 
| <small>69</small>
| ''Ox, plow, fool, <br/>&emsp;from-the-roof. The three things are not worthless to you.''
|- 
| <small style="color:#696969;">69a</small>
| ''Says Master Hans Medel.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall hold from no positions other than from the four positions alone that are named here. They are often named the four guards, that is: ox, plow, fool, from-the-roof.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>'''The first position, that is, the ox.'''</p>

<p>Make it like this according to Master Hans: Stand with the right foot forward and hold your sword upon your left side below the knee, the point against the man, a little upwards such that the thumb stands against you on the sword and the long edge upwards. Also stand in the same way so that your left foot stands forward yet with crooked or crossed arms and again the thumb against you and the short edge upwards.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 31v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|1|lbl=32r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The second is the plow.'''</p>

<p>Make it like this: Stand with the right foot forwards and lay your sword out forwards with extended arms with the point upon the ground and the long edge downwards not crooked. If you have the left foot forwards, then you may also make it, although it is somewhat shorter against the man.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third is the Fool.'''</p>

<p>Make it like this: Stand with the right foot forwards and hold your sword with the hilt next to your head to the left side, not crooked or crosswise, the point against the opponent or in the flat, the thumb by you. But if the left foot stands forwards, then again hold your sword upon the right side next to your head crooked or crosswise, the point against the man, again the thumb against you.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fourth position is the from-the-roof.'''</p>

<p>Make it like this: Stand with the right foot forwards and hold your sword upwards to your right side with extended arms just as in the speaking window.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Master Hans makes one thing out of the fool from-the-roof like this: When he stands with the right foot forwards, then he guilelessly hews-down from-the-roof and hews-through before him upon the left side in the fool. This he calls the 'fool from the roof' and makes no more than three positions. And how you shall fence from the guards or positions, you shall find that before and herafter. Also in particular, you may make your work from those as it follows hereafter in the seven stances. Therein other positions are handled if someone will break yours<ref>your leger</ref>, etc. </p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Master Hansen's art also explains the four positions or guards differently than some as you generally find in all other glosses which are not as sensible to me.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <pre>Crooked  \            / Ox
Thwart    \  breaks  /  Plow
Scalper   /          \  Fool
Squinter /            \ From-the-Roof
(also Thwart)</pre>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''About the four displaces.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>70</small>
| ''Four are the displaces <br/>&emsp;that also severely disrupt the four positions.''
|- 
| <small>71</small>
| ''Guard yourself before Interposing. <br/>&emsp;If it happens of necessity, it beleaguers you.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' You have heard before that you shall solely fence from the four positions or guards. So, you shall also know that the four displacements in return severely disrupt or break those same four positions. They are the four hews: crooked, thwart, squinter and scalper and they are nothing other than what one thence brings with him to the work. When he lies before you in a position, then when sword comes upon sword, so is each art with one another, that is, play and break from them both. Thus, you must break one of the four hews against it.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32r.jpg|8|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|1|lbl=32v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>In the same way, if he lies in the oxen, then fall upon that with the crooked-hew or with the thwart. If he then lies before you in the plow, then break the thwart-hew against that. If he then lies in the fool, then break the scalper or wrath-hew against that. When the scalp-hew from the top of the head will be taken, as others say, he then lies in the position from-the-roof, then break the squinter against that.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}


|- 
| 
| <p>{{blue|Also, the thwart-hew is good or better, because it alone breaks three positions or guards: the position from-the-roof, also the plow and the oxen according to the text above saying "The thwart takes-off, etc". Also the plow and the oxen according to the text above "Thwart to the plow, the oxen, etc." Similarly, the crooked-hew not only breaks the oxen, but also the plow and the fool. Also the squinter not only breaks from-the-roof, also the fool if he runs-in under and crooked from the squinter from his left side. Also, in the same way, the scalper not only breaks against the fool, rather also against the oxen and the plow.}}</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}


|- 
| 
| <p>Therefore whatever you consider yourself the best like this, you may divert and break it with the four hews against the four positions or hews. Thus you disrupt them and hence bring them to the work. Thereafter work with winding-in, warring, or hewing and thrusting as it gives itself. You find that written and taught beforehand in the five hews and stances, and in the offsetting. Therefore know that no displacing is called for in them, because the four hews that break them are called for. Therefore do not displace, and note when he hews, then you hew as well. If he stabs, then you stab as well and guard yourself so that you do not displace too much, if you wish to otherwise not become struck as the catch-fencers<ref>rappen: to gather, to snatch, to seize</ref> do (and they can deploy nothing but displaces).</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Against the displacement'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>72</small>
| ''If you are parried <br/>&emsp;and as that comes to be,''
|- 
| <small>73</small>
| ''hear what I advise you: <br/>&emsp;stroke- or wrench-off, hew quickly with haste.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' That is, however it comes to be that you have become parried, then note: if he displaces an over-hew, then drive into the displacement with the pommel above his shifted hand and with that wrench it off downward and with the wrenching, strike him upon the head with the sword. Thereafter, you may fall with the left hand well into the blade and step behind him with the left foot and with the left arm in front of the throat and throw and balance him over the foot and that is called an over break-in.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 32v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|1|lbl=33r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play against the scales.'''</p>

<p>When you hew and under-hew from the right side. If he then falls upon that with the sword, such that you cannot come-up with it and forces you down to the side, then drive swiftly over his sword with the pommel and strike him with the snapping with the long edge to the head. But if it happens upon the left side, then drive again over his sword with the pommel and tread forward with the right foot and strike him with the short edge. But if he comes against it with the after in-the-moment, in the same way with the shove or pushing, then think as you wind-over with the pommel, then tread well into him and wind well over his arm or hand so he may not push well and hold yourself in the scales.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play against the displacement. Text:'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>74</small>
| ''Set upon the four ends, <br/>&emsp;remain thereupon, if you wish to learn to end.''
|}
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you [?]<ref>no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"</ref> from the four settings-on, those are: the two crooked settings-on to both sides, the plow with the point out forward upon the ground, not crooked and from-the-roof. You will take one of which for yourself. Therein or upon there you shall remain and carry out and finish your work  with the after.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>According to the common gloss, others speak like this: When you cleave-in to him from your right shoulder, if you then wish to immediately end with that, then note when he displaces, then strike immediately around with the thwart and grasp your sword in the middle of the blade and set the point into the face or set upon the four openings, to whichever you may or can best come.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>And if he displaces one of your settings-on, then strike him with the pommel into the other on his left side or drive over his right shoulder with the pommel in front of his neck, but spring with your right foot behind his left and backed and thrown thereover.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|1|lbl=33v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Break. Take the elbow.'''</p>

<p>Item. You may also set-upon upon the four endings to both sides from the stance of the wrath-point beside your left knee as will be taught hereafter in the seven stances. Thereafter he comes to you with over-hews. Thereafter, set the point upon his neck. But if he comes with under-hews, again set-on to that and he comes to your side and finish your work.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A lesson about the racing-after.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>75</small>
| ''Learn the racing-after. <br/>&emsp;Double or cut into the weapon.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' Firstly note a general lesson that the racings-after are many and diverse and are called to deploy with great prudence against the fencer that fences from free and from long hews and otherwise does not hew with the proper art of the sword, etc. And this is according to the text: You shall properly learn the racings-after, because they are double.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>The first deploys like this: If he will cleave-in to you above, then note while he draws up the sword into the strike, race-after him with a hew or with a thrust and hit him in the upper opening before he comes down with the hew. And if he binds-upon you and will thereafter work from the sword, then follow after and in-the-moment take the cut out after with the long edge in over into the arm and press him strongly from you with that, so he has no power. In the same way, always race-after him strongly above into the head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>

<p>The second racing-after is when he initiates a hew at you from above, if he then with the hew lets his sword go to the ground, then race-after him with a hew in above to the head before he comes up with the sword. Or if he will thrust you, then note while he draw the sword to him into the thrust, then race-after him and then stab him before he carries out his thrust, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>But if you fence against someone from under-hews or the strokes or lay against him in the fool or plow, if he then falls upon that with the sword before you come up with yours, then remain as such below, on the sword and left upwards. If he will then cleave-in from the displacement or wind-in on the sword, then do not let him take-off from the sword, rather follow-after him thereon and work to the nearest opening with the war and the others.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 33v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|1|lbl=34r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item. Note you shall race-after him from and with all hews as soon as you realizes he mis-hews or uncovers himself with the sword.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_34r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''A good lesson about the racing-after'''</p>

<p>When you fence with someone, then bind upon his sword strongly and remain like this laying strongly and press him strongly to the head. If he will strike-around, then remain upon the sword and press down strongly so he has no power. In the same way, always race-after him strongly above into the head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>In the after is one other. So if he doesn't flee, rather stays still and comes into the work or the war with you.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>There is a difference between the racing-after and in the after. Racing-after is in the fleeing<ref>alt: flying</ref>. The after is in the standing still, working after.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''About the two outer cattle-drives and the two inner cattle-drives'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>76</small>
| ''The two outer cattle-drives and the two inner cattle-drives, <br/>&emsp;with them your work begins''
|- 
| <small>77</small>
| ''and test the attacks <br/>&emsp;whether they are soft or hard.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall note that the cattle-drives will also be called racing-after and when you come upon his sword with yours, then you shall test amid the attack whether he is soft or hard. Thereafter, you shall begin your work. That is as so: When someone stands against you in the outer cattle-drives (because they are two, one to each side) and stands with his right foot forward and hangs with a flat sword from the scalper, the fool or plunge-hew with the point down as with the roof, if he stands in the outer cattle-drive on his right side, then come to his as well with the same outer cattle-drive from your right side countering upon his sword and in the clashing of the sword, wind-in swiftly under his sword into the head, to the opening or all-the-way across to his left shoulder such that your sword comes or lays above and your thumb stands underneath. Wherever he will then go, then drive after him in-the-moment or if he throws you over with force, then ward yourself with striking or warring. Then you both come crooked into the winding. But if you do not wish to counter him with that, then you may also set or work with the thwart or other hews, etc. That is the first outer cattle-drive.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34v.jpg|1|lbl=34v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The second''' outer cattle-drive is when he stands with his left foot forward and stands with the arms crooked as if he went up with the under-hew or something and hangs over the left arm. So come to him countering him like this from your left side crooked on his sword. Wind-in to him as before under his sword to the opening or just above to his right shoulder to the head. Thereafter work or war as before.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The first''' inner cattle-drive is as so: If he again stands with the right foot forward and holds his sword down by the leg or knee for the thrust as in the oxen, then also come against it as from your left with the right forward and in the thrust tread into him with the left foot and the swords clash each into other. So you both may wind against each other, thus you both come into the work crooked. Thereafter war and work as you wish. You both may also make a disengaging from that with a strike around it to his right shoulder to his left side to the head or take the under-cut, etc. which will double or mutate.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35r.jpg|1|lbl=35r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The other''' inner cattle-drive is when he stands with the left foot forward and holds his sword as before, though it must be crooked to the side, then deploy the work against him as before just above. When it is turned to the side, you will again break the disengaging then double or mutate as it best joins according to the work or side, thus he will be struck deaf, etc. or cut. You may also, as before, if you do not wish to break the counter the cattle-drive, working the stance or cattle-drive with other things against that such as the thwart or the wrath-hew or other offsettings or sittings-atop and then work as you wish, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>In this way you have the four cattle-drives explained with their work. How you shall begin it, the common glosses explain differently, but it is not sensible to me, etc. The opponent may also deploy this work against you.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''A lesson about the feeling and the word in-the-moment.'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>78</small>
| ''Learn the feeling. <br/>&emsp;In-the-moment, the word hews sharply.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall learn and understand the word, in-the-moment, properly, because the two things belong together and one may not exist upon the other and are the great art of fencing. Understand them like this: When someone binds upon the sword, you shall immediately feel or perceive in that, as the swords clash together, whether he has bound on soft or hard and as you have perceived that, then think of the word in-the-moment, This is so that in that perceiving, you shall work swiftly according to the soft or the hard to the nearest opening. Thus he will be easily struck before he becomes aware of his.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item. You shall think upon the word in-the-moment in all bindings-on of the sword. Because In-the-moment doubles, in-the-moment mutates, in-the-moment runs, in-the-moment changes-through, in-the-moment takes the cut, in-the-moment wrestles with, in-the-moment takes the sword away from him, in-the-moment does whatever the heart desires in the art. In-the-moment is a sharp word. With it all fencers that do not know of the word become hew and the word in-the-moment is the key. With it, the entire art of fencing will be unlocked. Also with that is the before and especially the after with the strong and the weak, the three things break all plays and art that one may deploy or conceive. Because when sword comes upon sword, so is all art simultaneous.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35v.jpg|1|lbl=35v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another about the racing-after'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>79</small>
| ''The twofold racings-after. <br/>&emsp;If one hits, combine<ref>mitmachen: join, unite, combine, participate</ref> the high<ref>alternately: old</ref> cut.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note that you shall deploy the racing-after doubly, that is, to both sides and also bring the cut thereon. Understand it like this: When he mis-hews himself before you, whether it is from the right or left sides, then hew in freely after to the opening. If he then drives up and binds upon the sword below, so note as soon as one sword clashes upon the other, then cut for his neck or fall in-the-moment with the long edge upon his arm and take the cut. This deploys to both sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''About the running-over'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>80</small>
| ''Whoever aims below, <br/>&emsp;run-over them above. He will be shamed.''
|- 
| <small>81</small>
| ''When it clashes above, <br/>&emsp;then strengthen, that I will laud.''
|- 
| <small>82</small>
| ''Make you work, <br/>&emsp;soft or hard or press twice.''
|}
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone binds-on with you, then you shall strengthen the binding-on and if he quickly strikes around to your under openings and aims for them, then in-the-moment run-over him inside and press-in after above with the slide or push or with the cut. War.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Others speak like this according to the common gloss: How you shall run-over when someone initiates fencing you below, understand that like this: When you come to him with the approach, if he initiates a hew or thrust at you below, do not displace that, rather note when his under-hew or thrust goes against you, then cleave-in long against him above from his right shoulder and shoot-in the point above long into his face or chest and set-upon him so he may not reach you. If he then drives up from below and displaces, then remain strong with the long edge (that's called strengthened) upon his sword and quickly work to the nearest opening or await upon the after with the war and any over-hew and any upward setting-on reaches-over the lower attack, like this he will be ashamed above.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 35v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|1|lbl=36r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''About the offsetting'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>83</small>
| ''Learn to offset hew, thrust. <br/>&emsp;Artfully disrupt whoever''
|- 
| <small>84</small>
| ''thrusts upon you such that <br/>&emsp;your point hits and his breaks.''
|- 
| <small>85</small>
| ''Hit anytime from both sides <br/>&emsp;if you will step.''
|}
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This so that you shall learn to offset artfully disrupting hew, thrust also breaking point like this: If someone hews or thrusts against you, plainly offsetting and breaking strike and point from all positions and hews or stances and sittings-atop from all sides as they encroach you and hitting the point with your point or sword and offsetting well and from that make a strike-in above with the short edge to the head to whichever side it then gives itself up. Thereafter work in-the-moment with the after and war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Or<ref>marginalia: 'malz' => bad, weak</ref> else like the other glossing means when they deploy the offsetting: When you come to him with the approach, if he then presents himself against you as so in the plow, as they call it (but I call it the ox down by the knee) and acts as if he will thrust into you, the set your left foot forward and stand against him as well in the ox to your right side with crossed arms or hands and give yourself an opening with the left side. If he then thrusts into your opening, then wind against his thrust to you left side with your sword on his sword and step into with the right foot and with that offset such that the point always remains standing against him and in-the-moment stab him in the face or chest. Thus, your point hits and his does not. Or also make a strike and otherwise do whatever you wish if you would like to work with the warring.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>But if you stand against someone as above in the ox and would like to thrust him, if he then hews above downward to your left opening, then go up with your sword against his hew and wind-in him to the side (openly or crookedly as it gives itself) and the point sharply into his face or chest and step in with [it]. Thereafter, work or war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''About the changing-through'''</p>
{| class="zettel"
|- 
| <small>86</small>
| ''Learn the changing-through <br/>&emsp;from both sides stab with severity.''
|- 
| <small>87</small>
| ''Whoever binds upon you, <br/>&emsp;the changing-through shortly finds him.''
|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' The changings-through are many and varied. You may deploy them from all guards or hews against the fencer that likes to displace and that hew to the sword and not to the openings of the body. You shall learn to deploy it quite well with prudence so that one does not set-on or otherwise come-in while you change-through. Deploy it like this: When you come to him with the approach, cleave-in strongly above to the head. If he then counter-hews against you into the sword and not to the openings of the body, then let you point slip-through below during the hew before he binds you on the sword and stab him into the other side, etc. If he becomes aware of the stab and shortly drives-after the stab with the sword and will displace, then change-through again to the other side. And always deploy it when he drives to your sword with displacement. Deploy this to both sides, war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36v.jpg|1|lbl=36v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>

<p>When come to him with the approach, set your left foot forward and hold the long point against his face. If he then hews to the sword from above or below and will strike it away or bind-on strongly, then let the point sink downward and change-through and stab him against the other side. And deploy this against all hews where someone hews to your sword and not to the openings of the body.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>

<p>Note this play precisely when he displaces you and allows the point to go out next to you to one side in the displacement. So boldly change-through and stab against the other side. Or if he remains with point before your face or otherwise against the other openings of your body, then do not change-through and remain on the sword and work to his nearest opening so he cannot race-after nor set-on you. War.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>'''About the Disengaging'''</p>

<p>[text ends]</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 36v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Seven Stances
 | width = 90em
}}
{| class="master"
|- 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>[[Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)|Transcription]]{{edit index|Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)}}<br/>by [[Anton Kohutovič]], [[Andreas Engström]], <br/>and [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Hereafter follows the seven stances. Therein noteworthy work for other common fencing to utilize against the opponent is explained :~'''</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|1|lbl=37r}}

|- 
| 
| <p>{{dec|u|'''The seven stances'''}}</p>

<p>'''The first''' is when you stand as in the plunge or the scalper yet with a flat sword upon your right thumb, well forward, in the scales with a sunken point and right foot forward and provide yourself well open with the left side. Called the Fool (others c[all it] the sideways ox)</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The second''' is: Hold you sword next to your left leg by the pommel and with the point a little upwards against the opponent yet so that that left foot stands forward. This is commonly called the wrath-point or equally the ox. Solely just that the left foot stands forward.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third''' stance is when you stand as before, then draw back-around to the right from the same left side into the speaking-window or into the position or guard from-the-roof</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fourth''' stance: Fall across from the speaking-window to the left side with the crook against<ref>alt: across</ref> your forward foot. One commonly calls this the iron-gate or the setting-on from the crook[ed-hew]. Against the right foot follows after.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fifth''' stance is the same as before to the other side yet not crooked next to the right foot openly, not crosswise.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The sixth''' stance is from the nearest with the point behind from the right side thrown out across upon the ground forwards into the crook yet so that your left foot comes forwards with the point well against the man.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The seventh:''' From the same crook deliver a strike straight up from the left and forward and to the right with the point upon the ground well into the length and scales, not crooked. Called the plow. Others call it the fool.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item. Of them all: the second, third, fourth and fifth are called the four settings-on.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|9|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Thereafter you shall note the work that goes from each stance or may commonly go at first.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|10|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_37v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''Work from the scalper, plunge or fool according to Master Hans with the after.'''</p>

<p>'''First:''' Work from the scalper, plunge or fool according to Master Hans with the after. If you lay before the opponent in the scalper hanging flat as stands above and if you await the work of the opponent against you, if he will then initiate a strike with an over-hew to your left side or opening, then stand still and go-up straight with the thwart into the left side of his head, so that he is open with an uninverted sword. War if it becomes necessary to do.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37r.jpg|11|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37v.jpg|1|lbl=37v}}

|- 
| <p>'''The second:''' If he then sits atop your sword with his over-hew and strikes back around with an under-hew or otherwise to your right side, then follow-after him swiftly in-the-moment with the stance or extended sword and thrust into his face with whatever you can. War if it becomes necessary. You may well also change-through as soon as he sits-atop and thrust into his right side. Thereafter strike to his left.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>{{handr}} Item. In every after as you come in<ref>alt: inside</ref> you shall remain standing like this and not turn and work it in-the-moment, then ruin the work of another with striking or mutating however the opponent then holds himself against you.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 37v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|1|lbl=38r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third:''' If you stand as before and he will change-through you then drive after and tread into him and wind-in crooked to his head. War if it is necessary. For one shall wind out after crooked against all changings-through.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fourth:''' If you stand as before and he sits-atop you crooked so that you shall strengthen against him, if he will then strike to the opening of your left side, then follow after him with the war and sword upon his right shoulder and lay your sword upon his neck. If he will then ward that, then ward yourself again in-the-moment with the war according to the work as it demands. War if it is necessary or always follow after him gently, so he cannot become surely free.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Break.'''</p>

<p>But if he holds strongly, then wind yourself into him under his sword and tread in with your left foot behind his right and throw and with the left arm in front of his neck and if the throwing helps in no way, then you follow after him gently. But if he will wind himself out with force, then wind-in with the pommel between his arms. Break there-against, shove the elbow.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fifth:''' If you stand as before and he stands against you in the thwart and with that strikes upon your sword, then follow after him in-the-moment and wind-in crooked into his head. If it is necessary to do, then break the war as before.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The sixth:''' If you stand as before and if he will then stab or thrust you from the ox from his left side to your right, then in-the-moment swiftly tread and wind-in crooked into the head. If it is necessary afterwards, then break the war. You may break that in all plays where it offers itself.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Hew crooked to the flat of the masters if you wish to weaken them. This is so that the crooked-hew breaks the stance with its work as you wind in his explanation in the recital. Or: Crook not, short hew. this is the changing-through or break the outer cattle-drive there-against. But if he will make a disengaging from the thrust, then fall into the crook as before and remain standing therein.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>Item. In all plays, if someone binds-upon you or will set-on, then you may disengage and make an under-hew into his right side and back around with the short edge into the other side.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_38v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''Work from the second stance, the wrath-point with the after split up'''</p>

<p>'''The first''' play: When you stand in the second stance as written and taught above, etc. If someone then draws-up long and wide and if he means he will strike you with an over-hew in the wrath-point from his right, then go straight up in-the-moment with the wrath-point on his throat and thrust, etc. War if it is necessary. In the thrust, go up like this into the flat so that your thumb comes under.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38v.jpg|1|lbl=38v}}

|- 
| <p>'''The second:''' When you stand as before in the wrath-point, if he then runs and will thrust you from his left to your right side out of the ox, then tread forward in-the-moment with your right foot and from your counter-thrust make a disengaging back around and make a strike with the short edge from your right shoulder to his left side. Break the war if it is necessary. In this against him, you may also mutate to his right side to the head.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third:''' When you stand as before and he stands forward in the speaking-window or the guard from-the-roof, then go up against him with the wrath-point into his face. If he then sits upon your sword, then you may well in-the-moment wind-in crooked with a tread or as soon as he sits-atop, make an under-hew, in-the-moment, to his right side to the head and back around with the short edge to the other side. If it is necessary to do, then war. But if he will make an under-hew after the sitting-atop, then in-the-moment swiftly tread and thrust on in forwards with the hands and the sword.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 38v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39r.jpg|1|lbl=39r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>You may well war after the sitting-atop or before changing-through and thrusting.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_39r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''The fourth:''' If you stand as before and again go up with the wrath-point as before, If he then comes in against you on your sword with the outer cattle-drive, then wind-in crooked and tread-in after and war if it is necessary to do or work as is taught below in the outer cattle-drive in the recital.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before and go up as before into the thrust and if he then sits-atop your sword from the crooked setting-on from the right side, if he will then work to the right side, then swiftly drive after with the thrust into the war. But if he works to the left, then wind-in crooked, krieg, etc. Then wind against him crooked on his sword into his and stand still. But if you do not wish to wind, then stay on him with the after.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''Work from the third stance, the speaking-window, with the after'''</p>

<p>'''The first''' play: When you stand as in the third stance as above in the speaking-window, if someone then runs-in with force as with the window with its displacement or sword crossed-over and looks through the arms, then sit-atop gently. If he then will continue to work wherever he will go, then follow after him with the war, etc. [The war] goes from both sides. Also, if the war goes from his left side, he needs to run-in crooked.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|1|lbl=39v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The second:''' When you stand in the speaking-window as before and he will wait upon you with an over-hew and in that throw in the point, etc. Then sit-atop him again long. If he will again continue to work, then follow after him with the war as before. But if he takes-off, then you may well double. It does not go well to the other, left side.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third:''' When you stand as before and he in the squinter or change upon his right side and goes up and means to strike your sword away in the weak, then you make a disengaging back around and strike him crooked upon his right side. War if it is necessary to do. The disengaging and warring goes to both sides. You may also double and mutate him wherever he disengages when it makes sense.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fourth:''' When you stand as before and he will carry-off your sword in his going-up as before from the crooked setting-on, then disengage again as before. War if it is necessary to do and the disengaging and war goes to both sides. You may again double and mutate him if he disengages.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before in the speaking-window and he will initiate a hew at you from his right side with an over-hew to your right opening and make in that a disengaging or misdirection to your right, then, in-the-moment, follow in after him with the crook to his head, etc. War if it is necessary. Upon the other side: displace long or crooked, war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_40r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''Work from the fourth stance, the crooked setting-upon[sic] with the after.'''</p>

<p>'''The first:''' When you stand in the crooked setting-on to your left side, if he then means to seek the openings of your right side with thrusts from the ox, or else strikes; then go up against him and offset upon his sword with a tread-in well out over<ref>alt: across</ref> his hands and await his work and war. If he will then throw you over with force, then let go so that you come to the war or strike or work-in him in the crook and lay upon his neck.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 39v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}

{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40r.jpg|1|lbl=40r}}

|- 
| <p>'''The second:''' When you stand as before and he makes a disengagement from his strike or thrust to your left side, then in-the-moment run swiftly in with the under-cut into his arm well into the air. Wherever he will subsequently ascend, then follow-after him with the war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third:''' When you stand as before and he hews upon you with a free over-hew from his right side, then tread into him well inside and offset him from the crooked setting-on well behind. If he then throws your sword over, then let it go and strike and war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40v.jpg|1|lbl=40v|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fourth:''' When you stand as before and he will act as if he will make an over-hew and disengages and will strike you to your left side, then swiftly fall into your offsetting or going-up into the under-cut. War.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_40v.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before and he also counters you in the crooked setting-on on his right side and he goes-up and means to strike you crooked to your right side, then you may strike, offset, etc. and await the war. You may even also change-through well in that, etc. War if it is necessary.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>Item. Often one does not find the opponent when he disengages, so one should fall in the under-cut.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>'''Work from the fifth'''</p>

<p>'''The first:''' When you stand in the crooked setting-on upon your right side and he counters you on his right and means to strike you with an over-hew, then offset with crooked hands and do not open<ref>uncross your hands</ref>. If he then throws you over, then again let go and strike him crooked into his right. War.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 40v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41r.jpg|1|lbl=41r|p=1}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The second:''' When you stand in the crooked setting-on upon your right side as before and he makes a disengaging over-hew against you from his right and strikes at your to your right, then again, in-the-moment, swiftly make with the under-cut against him crooked, etc. the war is as the other, but reversed with the sides.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third:''' When you stand right as before and he runs-in from his right side with the window from under, up; then, again, offset him and war.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fourth:''' When you stand as before and he runs again as before and from that makes a disengagement and will strike to your right side, then again make the crooked cut in below against him. War into him.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_41r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand right as before and he [is] also in the crooked setting-on upon his right as you [are], then go against him on his sword so that you come into the outer cattle-drive and wind-in against him in the crook and war. You may well also wait upon his work. So if he will go up, then counter him with your point, so that he runs onto the point.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>'''Work from the sixth stance, the crooked-hew out forward, with the after'''</p>

<p>'''The first:''' When you stand in the crooked-hew out forward with the point upon the ground, the left foot forward and he will initiate a strike at you with an over-hew from his right, then throw the point well out over, upon his hands. If he will then lever you up with force, then lay you sword crooked upon his neck and cut yourself from him or, with his overpowering, let [it] go around you into a strike to his left. War.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41v.jpg|1|lbl=41v}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The second:''' When you stand as before and he will thrust you from his left side from the ox, then, again, throw the point upon the hands as before. War. If he overthrows you, etc, as before, but if he thrusts you from the right, then crook up against him. but if he disengages amid the thrust and makes a strike from the left shoulder, then you cut up crooked into his arm.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third:''' when you stand as before in the crooked-hew and he [is] again in the ox upon his left side and makes a sudden withdrawal from the ox and will strike you into your left, then in-the-moment make the open-under-cut from his right side, if he disengages the cut, crook as above.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fourth:''' When you stand as before and he will strike or sit-atop you from his right side from the crooked setting-on, then draw-up your sword around from your left side to the right shoulder with a tread and strike into his upon his left side to the head. War crooked with the short edge or else if you will not do these, then from the crooked-hew, go-up on his sword against him with open arms and offset him and wind the point into his face, so that you come similarly as with in the scalper or in the roof or fool and thrust or go straight to him. Crook up into him if it is closer.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before in the crooked-hew and he in the outer cattle-drive, then also go-up against him in the outer cattle-drive. Thereafter: work, etc. Ir go-up into the thrust, work or wind in, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 41v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}

|- 
| rowspan="3" | [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_42r.jpg|400x400px|center]]
| <p>'''Work from the seventh stance is the plow with the after'''</p>

<p>'''The first:''' When you stand in the plow with the right foot forward and he will run upon you with his sword with strike or thrust, then go straight up and offset him, tread in, war, etc. It also goes in the same way with the offsetting when he runs from his right side. War, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 42r.jpg|1|lbl=42r}}

|- 
| <p>'''The second:''' When you stand as before in the plow and he sits-atop upon your sword from his left with the thwart, then remain on his sword and go-up with him into the war, etc.</p>
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 42r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|- 
| <p>Also do in the same way when he sits-atop you with the thwart from his right side. Deploy the changing-through, if you wish, when he will sit-atop or disengage in the changing-through and make a strike into his side according to the work.</p> 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 42r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}

|- 
| 
| <p>'''The third:''' When you stand as before and he will thrust you from his right side to your right from the ox and, from that, makes a disengagement and will strike you into your left side, then you make the open-under-cut into his arm. War.</p>
| 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 42r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 42v.jpg|1|lbl=42v|p=1}}

|- 
| class="noline" | 
| class="noline" | <p>But if you do not wish to cut, then mutate. But if he is from the right, then double him. If you do not wish to cut, then break him and strike. But if he will thrust from his left side and not disengage, then wind-in crooked against him, etc. You may also go-up or offset into yours when he thrust upon you, also disengaging and striking, etc. War.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 42v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}

|}
{{master end}}

{{master begin
 | title = Copyright and License Summary
 | width = 100%
}}
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]].

<section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Illustrations
 | authors     = [[Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg]]
 | source link = http://www.nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:384-uba002007-6
 | source title= Universitätsbibliothek Augsburg
 | license     = public domain
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Translation
 | authors     = [[translator::Christian Trosclair]]
 | source link =
 | source title= Wiktenauer
 | license     = noncommercial
}}
{{sourcebox
 | work        = Transcription
 | authors     = [[Anton Kohutovič]], [[Andreas Engström]], and [[Christian Trosclair]]
 | source link = 
 | source title= [[Index:Hans Medel Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.5)]]
 | license     = copyrighted
}}
{{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/>
{{master end}}

== Additional Resources ==

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== References ==

{{reflist|2}}
{{DEFAULTSORT: Medel, Hans}}
{{Liechtenauer tradition}}
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[[Category:Masters]]

[[Category:German]]

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