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Difference between revisions of "Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)"
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<!----------Image----------> | <!----------Image----------> | ||
| image = File:Meyer 1570 Cover.jpg | | image = File:Meyer 1570 Cover.jpg | ||
− | | width = | + | | width = 300px |
| caption = | | caption = | ||
<!----------Information----------> | <!----------Information----------> | ||
− | | full title = A Thorough Description of the <br/> | + | | ustcid1 = 660906 |
+ | | ustclabel1 = 1570 | ||
+ | | ustcid2 = 660905 | ||
+ | | ustclabel2 = 1600 | ||
+ | |||
+ | | full title = A Thorough Description of the Free, <br/>Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, <br/>Showing Various Customary Defenses, <br/>Affected and Put Forth with Many <br/>Handsome and Useful Drawings | ||
| also known as = | | also known as = | ||
| author(s) = [[author::Joachim Meyer]] | | author(s) = [[author::Joachim Meyer]] | ||
| ascribed to = | | ascribed to = | ||
| compiled by = | | compiled by = | ||
− | | illustrated by = | + | | illustrated by = [[artist::Tobias Stimmer]] |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
| translator(s) = | | translator(s) = | ||
| patron = | | patron = | ||
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| [[type::Wrestling manual]] | | [[type::Wrestling manual]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
− | | sources = [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4°.2]] ( | + | | sources = {{plainlist |
+ | | [[Joachim Meyers Fechtbuch (MS Bibl. 2465)|MS Bibl. 2465]] (1561) | ||
+ | | [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4°.2]] (1568) | ||
+ | }} | ||
| publisher = [[publisher::Thiebolt Berger]] | | publisher = [[publisher::Thiebolt Berger]] | ||
| pub_date = [[year::1570, 1600]] | | pub_date = [[year::1570, 1600]] | ||
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| wiktenauer compilation by = | | wiktenauer compilation by = | ||
| images = {{collapsible list | | images = {{collapsible list | ||
− | | [http:// | + | | [https://digital.ub.uni-leipzig.de/object/viewid/0000009663 Digital scans] (1570) |
+ | | [http://resolver.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/SBB00020FDC00000000 Digital scans] (1570) | ||
+ | | [http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?PPN1767986890 Digital scans] (1570) | ||
+ | | [http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn{{=}}urn:nbn:se:alvin:portal:record-263028 Digital scans] (1570) | ||
+ | | [http://mdz-nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb11214763-2 Digital scans] (1570) | ||
| [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00024580/image_1 Digital scans] (1570) | | [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00024580/image_1 Digital scans] (1570) | ||
| [http://books.google.com/books?id{{=}}ORAcHTuc-VAC Digital scans] (1570) | | [http://books.google.com/books?id{{=}}ORAcHTuc-VAC Digital scans] (1570) | ||
+ | | [https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/27568 All figures] (1570) | ||
+ | | [http://www.draupnirpress.com/CC/creativecommons.html Restored sword figures] (1570) | ||
| [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00024583/image_1 Digital scans] (1600) | | [http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00024583/image_1 Digital scans] (1600) | ||
+ | | [http://data.onb.ac.at/ABO/%2BZ179891600 Digital scans] (1600) | ||
+ | | [http://books.google.com/books?id{{=}}gFOj9iFHRKkC Digital scans] (1600) | ||
| [http://books.google.com/books?id{{=}}cTpaAAAAcAAJ Digital scans] (1600) | | [http://books.google.com/books?id{{=}}cTpaAAAAcAAJ Digital scans] (1600) | ||
− | | [http:// | + | | [http://ub-goobi-pr.ub.uni-greifswald.de/goobi/ppnresolver/?PPN607461748 B&W photocopy] (1600) |
− | | [ | + | | [https://www.umass.edu/renaissance/sites/default/files/assets/renaissance/lord/Meyer_1600.pdf B&W photocopy] (1600) |
}} | }} | ||
| below = | | below = | ||
}} | }} | ||
− | {{foreignchar|Gruendtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|ü | + | {{foreignchar|Gruendtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer)|ü}} |
− | '''''Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens''''' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Fencing") is a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] written by [[Joachim | + | '''''Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens''''' ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Fencing") is a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] written by [[Joachim Meyer]] and printed in 1570. Building on his earlier 1560s work [[Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)|MS A.4°.2]], it is a complex, sophisticated treatise purports to teach the entire art of fencing, something that Meyer claimed had never been done before, and represents a significant evolution of the art that Johannes Liechtenauer taught two centuries earlier. It treats the [[sword]], [[Dussack]], [[rapier]] (both single and with secondary weapons), [[dagger]] and wrestling, and various [[pole weapons]] including the short staff, halberd, and long staff. |
== Publication History == | == Publication History == | ||
− | The first edition of ''Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens'' was printed in Strasbourg by Thiebolt Berger in 1570, | + | The first edition of ''Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens'' was printed in Strasbourg by Thiebolt Berger in 1570, exactly one year before Meyer's death. A second edition was printed in Augsburg in 1600 by Michael Manger (under publisher Elte Millers), possibly arranged by his widow and her family; for this edition, the same woodblocks were used but the text was reset (and many small errors or variations were thus introduced). A third edition based on the 1600 was prepared in 2011 by Wolfgang Landwehr and published in Herne by VS-Books under the title ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens''', including digital reproductions of the illustrations; this edition was reissued in 2018. |
− | In 2006, Meyer's treatise was translated into English by Dr. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]] and published in New York and London under the title ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. A second edition was | + | According to some sources, there were other editions printed in 1590, 1610, and 1660,<ref>Schaer, Alfred. {{Google books|0egSAAAAYAAJ|Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte|page=76}}. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.</ref><ref>Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. {{Google books|OXSZ8FjBfhkC|Fencing|page=267}}. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.</ref> but no copies from these printings are known to exist and they are probably spurious (due perhaps to errors in cataloging the known editions or mistaken references to the works of [[Jakob Sutor]] (1612) and [[Theodori Verolini]] (1679)). |
+ | |||
+ | In 2006, Meyer's treatise was translated into English by Dr. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]] and published in New York and London under the title ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. A second edition with minor corrections was published in 2015. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In 2012, [[Alex Kiermayer]] translated the treatise to modern German, and this was published by Arts Of Mars Books under the title ''Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570.'' | ||
== Contents == | == Contents == | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! [[Joachim Meyer|1.1r - 1.64v]] | ! [[Joachim Meyer|1.1r - 1.64v]] | ||
− | | Part 1 - | + | | Part 1 - Sword by [[Joachim Meyer]] |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Joachim Meyer|2.1r - 2.49v]] | ! [[Joachim Meyer|2.1r - 2.49v]] | ||
− | | Part 2 - | + | | Part 2 - Dussack by [[Joachim Meyer]] |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Joachim Meyer|2.50r - 2.107v]] | ! [[Joachim Meyer|2.50r - 2.107v]] | ||
− | | Part 3 - | + | | Part 3 - Rapier by [[Joachim Meyer]] |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Joachim Meyer|3.1r - 3.15v]] | ! [[Joachim Meyer|3.1r - 3.15v]] | ||
− | | Part 4 - | + | | Part 4 - Dagger and wrestling by [[Joachim Meyer]] |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Joachim Meyer|3.16r - 3.47r]] | ! [[Joachim Meyer|3.16r - 3.47r]] | ||
− | | Part 5 - | + | | Part 5 - Staff and pole weapons by [[Joachim Meyer]] |
|- | |- | ||
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<h3> Title pages </h3> | <h3> Title pages </h3> | ||
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Cover. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Cover.png|First Edition}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1600 Cover.jpg|Second Edition}} | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1600 Cover.jpg|Second Edition}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Crest. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Crest.png|Johan Casimir's arms}} |
<h3 style="clear:both;"> Illustrations </h3> | <h3 style="clear:both;"> Illustrations </h3> | ||
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|Meyer 1570 Sword Cuts.png|Cutting Diagram 1}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|Meyer 1570 Sword Segno.png|Cutting Diagram 2}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword A.png|Sword A}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword B.png|Sword B}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword C.png|Sword C}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword D.png|Sword D}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword E.png|Sword E}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword F.png|Sword F}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword G.png|Sword G}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword H.png|Sword H}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword I.png|Sword I}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword K.png|Sword K}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword L.png|Sword L}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword M.png|Sword M}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword N.png|Sword N}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Sword O.png|Sword O}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack A.png|Dussack A}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack B.png|Dussack B}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack C.png|Dussack C}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack D.png|Dussack D}} |
− | {{image|ph=1|Skipped|Dussack E}} | + | {{image|h=1|ph=1|Skipped|Dussack E}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack F.png|Dussack F}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack G.png|Dussack G}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack H.png|Dussack H}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack I.png|Dussack I}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack K.png|Dussack K}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack L.png|Dussack L}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack M.png|Dussack M}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack N.png|Dussack N}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack O.png|Dussack O}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dussack P.png|Dussack P}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Portrait 1. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Portrait 1.png|Meyer Portrait 1}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Portrait 2. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Portrait 2.png|Meyer Portrait 2}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Portrait 3. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Portrait 3.png|Meyer Portrait 3}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier Cutting Lines.png|Cutting Lines|width=x100px}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier A. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier A.png|Rapier A}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier B. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier B.png|Rapier B}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier C. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier C.png|Rapier C}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier D. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier D.png|Rapier D}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier E. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier E.png|Rapier E}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier F. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier F.png|Rapier F}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier G. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier G.png|Rapier G}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier G2. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier G2.png|Rapier G'}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier H. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier H.png|Rapier H}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Rapier I. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Rapier I.png|Rapier I}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Dagger A. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dagger A.png|Dagger A}} |
− | {{image| | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dagger B.png|Dagger B}} |
− | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dagger C.png|Dagger C}} | |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Dagger C. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dagger D.png|Dagger D}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Dagger D. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dagger E.png|Dagger E}} |
− | {{image| | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Dagger F.png|Dagger F}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Dagger F. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff A.png|Staff A}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff A. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff B.png|Staff B}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff B. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff C.png|Staff C}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff C. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff D.png|Staff D}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff D. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff E.png|Staff E}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff E. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff F.png|Staff F}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff F. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff G.png|Staff G}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff G. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff H.png|Staff H}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff H. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff I.png|Staff I}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff I. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff K.png|Staff K}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff K. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff L.png|Staff L}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff L. | + | {{image|h=1|Meyer 1570 Staff M.png|Staff M}} |
− | {{image|Meyer 1570 Staff M. | + | {{-}} |
== Additional Resources == | == Additional Resources == | ||
− | * [[Alex Kiermayer|Kiermayer, Alex]]. ''Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570''. [[Arts | + | * [[Alex Kiermayer|Kiermayer, Alex]]. ''Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570''. [[Arts of Mars Books]], 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738 |
+ | * [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’''. Ed. Wolfgang Landwehr. Herne: VS-Books, 2011. ISBN 978-3-932077-37-1 | ||
* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. | * [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. | ||
** 1st Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4039-7092-0 | ** 1st Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4039-7092-0 | ||
− | ** 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, | + | ** 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2015. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8 |
== References == | == References == | ||
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{{sourcebox | {{sourcebox | ||
| work = Images | | work = Images | ||
− | | authors = [[Tobias Stimmer]] | + | | authors = [[Tobias Stimmer]] |
− | | source link = | + | | source link = https://digital.ub.uni-leipzig.de/object/viewid/0000009663 |
− | | source title= | + | | source title= Leipzig University Library |
| license = public domain | | license = public domain | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{sourcebox | {{sourcebox | ||
| work = Transcription | | work = Transcription | ||
− | | authors = | + | | authors = [[Michael Chidester]] |
| source link = | | source link = | ||
| source title= [[Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]] | | source title= [[Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meÿer) 1570.pdf|Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens]] | ||
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[[Category:Treatises]] | [[Category:Treatises]] | ||
[[Category:Books]] | [[Category:Books]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Painted Prints]] |
Revision as of 15:49, 24 September 2021
Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens | |
---|---|
A Thorough Description of the Art of Fencing | |
USTC ID | |
Full title | A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings |
Author(s) | Joachim Meyer |
Illustrated by | Tobias Stimmer |
Dedicated to | Johann Casimir |
Place of origin | Strasbourg, Germany |
Language | Early New High German |
Genre(s) | |
Sources |
|
Publisher | Thiebolt Berger |
Publication date | 1570, 1600 |
Pages | 433 |
Treatise scans |
Digital scans (1570)
|
Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Fencing") is a German fencing manual written by Joachim Meyer and printed in 1570. Building on his earlier 1560s work MS A.4°.2, it is a complex, sophisticated treatise purports to teach the entire art of fencing, something that Meyer claimed had never been done before, and represents a significant evolution of the art that Johannes Liechtenauer taught two centuries earlier. It treats the sword, Dussack, rapier (both single and with secondary weapons), dagger and wrestling, and various pole weapons including the short staff, halberd, and long staff.
Contents
Publication History
The first edition of Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens was printed in Strasbourg by Thiebolt Berger in 1570, exactly one year before Meyer's death. A second edition was printed in Augsburg in 1600 by Michael Manger (under publisher Elte Millers), possibly arranged by his widow and her family; for this edition, the same woodblocks were used but the text was reset (and many small errors or variations were thus introduced). A third edition based on the 1600 was prepared in 2011 by Wolfgang Landwehr and published in Herne by VS-Books under the title Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens', including digital reproductions of the illustrations; this edition was reissued in 2018.
According to some sources, there were other editions printed in 1590, 1610, and 1660,[1][2] but no copies from these printings are known to exist and they are probably spurious (due perhaps to errors in cataloging the known editions or mistaken references to the works of Jakob Sutor (1612) and Theodori Verolini (1679)).
In 2006, Meyer's treatise was translated into English by Dr. Jeffrey L. Forgeng and published in New York and London under the title The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. A second edition with minor corrections was published in 2015.
In 2012, Alex Kiermayer translated the treatise to modern German, and this was published by Arts Of Mars Books under the title Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570.
Contents
A1r - B4v | Preface by Joachim Meyer |
---|---|
1.1r - 1.64v | Part 1 - Sword by Joachim Meyer |
2.1r - 2.49v | Part 2 - Dussack by Joachim Meyer |
2.50r - 2.107v | Part 3 - Rapier by Joachim Meyer |
3.1r - 3.15v | Part 4 - Dagger and wrestling by Joachim Meyer |
3.16r - 3.47r | Part 5 - Staff and pole weapons by Joachim Meyer |
3.47v | Corrections |
Gallery
Title pages
Illustrations
Additional Resources
- Kiermayer, Alex. Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570. Arts of Mars Books, 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
- Meyer, Joachim. Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’. Ed. Wolfgang Landwehr. Herne: VS-Books, 2011. ISBN 978-3-932077-37-1
- Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng.
- 1st Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4039-7092-0
- 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2015. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
References
- ↑ Schaer, Alfred. Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.
- ↑ Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. Fencing. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.
Copyright and License Summary
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
Work | Author(s) | Source | License |
---|---|---|---|
Images | Tobias Stimmer | Leipzig University Library | |
Transcription | Michael Chidester | Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens |