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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
| + | La Verdadera Destreza is the Spanish school of fencing starting with publishing [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza]]'s book [[De la Filosofia de las Armas y de su Destreza y la Aggression y Defensa Cristiana (Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza)|De la Filosofia de las Armas y de su Destreza y la Aggression y Defensa Cristiana]] in 1569. The approach is to turn the fencing into a science with the goal of the user of its fence without getting harmed. It uses early Renaissance geometry, philosophy and Aristotelian physics as a basis to achieve that. The name itself means "the true skill" and it's true from an axiomatic perspective. If by scientific principles you can ensure the user comes to no harm every time it follows the principles, it's true, everything else is false. A central idea is that you can't rely on the opponent having to react in a certain manner, you can only affect what you do, not how the opponent react to it. This means that feints, in general, are frowned upon. | ||
| − | La Verdadera Destreza is the | + | The movement itself is also a way for the nobility to distance itself from the common people. The name Destreza being used instead of the word Esgrima(fencing) is a way to distance itself from other types of local fencing. Especially early on in the life-cycle of La Verdadera Destreza is commonly contrasted to Destreza Común; the common fencing. Often times it is called by its less savoury name of Destreza Vulgar(lit. the vulgar skill). The Destreza Vulgar is not a single movement, but everything, not La Verdadera Destreza. While referenced very few treatises of the Spanish Destreza Común have been found, most references of it are found in La Verdadera Destreza source in how to counter different things done in the Destreza Común. |
| − | + | One of the most iconic things of the La Verdadera Destreza is the circles. In the treatises, they have circles an explain the positioning for different techniques using the circles. The circle also connects to some of the general ideas in the art. One core idea is to never directly approach your opponent with a linear movement because it's considered too dangerous. Instead by moving circularly along the diameter of the circle, to approach your opponent you won't move right into their weapon if they were to step straight ahead. Another axiomatic general idea is that movements from above area better than movements from below, in accordance with Aristotelian physics. Cuts are only done from above and horizontally, never from below. In a bind situation, the user wants to be on top with their sword of the same reason. Destreza being influenced by Christian philosophy, it considers the best outcome that no one has to be killed. The danger is the opponent's weapon, not them, so by taking away the weapon from their opponent they can end the fight without bloodshed. This is considered the best thing you can do and is generally done by grabbing the hilt of the opponent's weapon and threatening them with your weapon simultaneously to force them to surrender. | |
| − | + | == List of Authors in the La Verdadera Destreza tradition== | |
| + | * [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza]] | ||
| + | *: [[De_la_Filosofia_de_las_Armas_y_de_su_Destreza_y_la_Aggression_y_Defensa_Cristiana_(Jerónimo_Sánchez_de_Carranza)|De la Filosofia de las Armas y de su Destreza y la Aggression y Defensa Cristiana]] (1582) | ||
| + | * [[Luis Pacheco de Narváez]] | ||
| + | *: [[Libro_de_las_Grandezas_de_la_Espada_(Luis_Pacheco_de_Narváez)|Libro de las Grandezas de la Espada]] (1600) | ||
| + | *: [[Compendio de la filosofia de las armas de Geronimo de Carrança]] (1612) | ||
| + | *: [[Las_cien_conclusiones_de_la_destreza_de_las_armas_(MS_Phill.1941)|Las cien conclusiones de la destreza de las armas]] (1620s) | ||
| + | *: [[Modo fácil y nuevo para examinarse los maestros en la destreza de las armas]] (1625) | ||
| + | *: [[Engaño y desengaño de los errores que se han querido introducir en la destreza de las armas]] (1635) | ||
| + | *: [[Advertencias para la enseñanza de la filosofía y destreza de las armas así a pie como a caballo]] (1639) | ||
| + | *: [[Nueva Ciencia y Filosofía de la destreza de las armas]] (1672) | ||
| + | * [[Octavio Ferrara]] | ||
| + | *: [[Compendio_y_Philosophia_y_Dztreza_de_las_Armas_(MS_R4-B274)|Compendio y Philosophia y destreza de las Armas]] (1625) | ||
| + | * [[Diogo Gomes de Figueyredo]] | ||
| + | *: [[Oplosophia_e_Verdadeira_Destreza_das_Armas_(MS_Vermelho.nº.91)|Oplosophia e Verdadeira Destreza das Armas]] (1628) | ||
| + | * [[Gérard_Thibault_d%27Anvers|Gérard Thibault d'Anvers]] | ||
| + | *: [[Academie_de_l%27Espée_(Gérard_Thibault_d%27Anvers)|Academie de l'Espée]] (1630) | ||
| + | * [[Luis Méndez de Carmona Tamariz]] | ||
| + | *: [[Compendio en defensa de la doctrina y destreza del comendador Gerónimo de Carranza]] (1632) | ||
| + | * [[Luis Diaz de Viedma]] | ||
| + | *: [[Método de enseñanza de maestros en la ciencia filosófica de la verdadera destreza matemática de las armas]] (1639) | ||
| + | * [[Cristóbal de Cala]] | ||
| + | *: [[Desengaño de la espada y norte de diestros]] (1642) | ||
| + | * [[Gómez Arias de Porres]] | ||
| + | *: [[Resumen de la verdadera destreza en el manejo de la espada]] (1667) | ||
| + | * [[Miguel Pérez de Mendoza y Quijada]] | ||
| + | *: [[Resumen de la verdadera destreza de las armas en treinta y ocho asserciones]] (1675) | ||
| + | * [[Francisco Antonio de Ettenhard y Abarca]] | ||
| + | *: [[Compendio de los fundamentos de la verdadera destreza y filosofía de las armas]] (1675) | ||
| + | * [[Álvaro Guerra de la Vega]] | ||
| + | *: [[Comprensión de la destreza]] (1681) | ||
| + | * [[Thomas Luis]] | ||
| + | *: [[Tratado das liçoens da espada preta, & destreza que hao de usar os jugadores della]] (1685) | ||
| + | * [[Nicolás Tamariz]] | ||
| + | *: [[Cartilla y luz en la verdadera destreza]] (1696) | ||
| + | * [[Manuel Cruzado y Peralta]] | ||
| + | *: [[Las tretas de la vulgar y común esgrima de espada sola y con armas dobles]] (1702) | ||
| + | * [[Francisco Lórenz de Rada]] | ||
| + | *: [[Nobleza de la espada]] (1705) | ||
| + | |||
| + | == List of Authors in the Destreza Común tradition == | ||
| + | * [[Jaime Pons de Perpiñan]] | ||
| + | * [[Pedro de la Torre]] | ||
| + | * [[Francisco Román]] | ||
| + | *: [[Tratado de la esgrima con figuras]] (Lost) | ||
| + | * [[Domingo Luis Godinho]] | ||
| + | *: [[Arte de Esgrima (MS PBA 58)|Arte de Esgrima]] (1599) | ||
| + | * [[Pablo de Paredes]] | ||
| + | * [[Diogo Gomes de Figueyredo]] | ||
| + | *: [[Memorial Da Prattica do Montante (MS 49.III.20.nº.21)|Memorial Da Prattica do Montante]] (1651) | ||
Latest revision as of 08:21, 12 July 2022
Introduction
La Verdadera Destreza is the Spanish school of fencing starting with publishing Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza's book De la Filosofia de las Armas y de su Destreza y la Aggression y Defensa Cristiana in 1569. The approach is to turn the fencing into a science with the goal of the user of its fence without getting harmed. It uses early Renaissance geometry, philosophy and Aristotelian physics as a basis to achieve that. The name itself means "the true skill" and it's true from an axiomatic perspective. If by scientific principles you can ensure the user comes to no harm every time it follows the principles, it's true, everything else is false. A central idea is that you can't rely on the opponent having to react in a certain manner, you can only affect what you do, not how the opponent react to it. This means that feints, in general, are frowned upon.
The movement itself is also a way for the nobility to distance itself from the common people. The name Destreza being used instead of the word Esgrima(fencing) is a way to distance itself from other types of local fencing. Especially early on in the life-cycle of La Verdadera Destreza is commonly contrasted to Destreza Común; the common fencing. Often times it is called by its less savoury name of Destreza Vulgar(lit. the vulgar skill). The Destreza Vulgar is not a single movement, but everything, not La Verdadera Destreza. While referenced very few treatises of the Spanish Destreza Común have been found, most references of it are found in La Verdadera Destreza source in how to counter different things done in the Destreza Común.
One of the most iconic things of the La Verdadera Destreza is the circles. In the treatises, they have circles an explain the positioning for different techniques using the circles. The circle also connects to some of the general ideas in the art. One core idea is to never directly approach your opponent with a linear movement because it's considered too dangerous. Instead by moving circularly along the diameter of the circle, to approach your opponent you won't move right into their weapon if they were to step straight ahead. Another axiomatic general idea is that movements from above area better than movements from below, in accordance with Aristotelian physics. Cuts are only done from above and horizontally, never from below. In a bind situation, the user wants to be on top with their sword of the same reason. Destreza being influenced by Christian philosophy, it considers the best outcome that no one has to be killed. The danger is the opponent's weapon, not them, so by taking away the weapon from their opponent they can end the fight without bloodshed. This is considered the best thing you can do and is generally done by grabbing the hilt of the opponent's weapon and threatening them with your weapon simultaneously to force them to surrender.
List of Authors in the La Verdadera Destreza tradition
- Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza
- Luis Pacheco de Narváez
- Libro de las Grandezas de la Espada (1600)
- Compendio de la filosofia de las armas de Geronimo de Carrança (1612)
- Las cien conclusiones de la destreza de las armas (1620s)
- Modo fácil y nuevo para examinarse los maestros en la destreza de las armas (1625)
- Engaño y desengaño de los errores que se han querido introducir en la destreza de las armas (1635)
- Advertencias para la enseñanza de la filosofía y destreza de las armas así a pie como a caballo (1639)
- Nueva Ciencia y Filosofía de la destreza de las armas (1672)
- Octavio Ferrara
- Diogo Gomes de Figueyredo
- Gérard Thibault d'Anvers
- Academie de l'Espée (1630)
- Luis Méndez de Carmona Tamariz
- Luis Diaz de Viedma
- Cristóbal de Cala
- Gómez Arias de Porres
- Miguel Pérez de Mendoza y Quijada
- Francisco Antonio de Ettenhard y Abarca
- Álvaro Guerra de la Vega
- Comprensión de la destreza (1681)
- Thomas Luis
- Nicolás Tamariz
- Manuel Cruzado y Peralta
- Francisco Lórenz de Rada
- Nobleza de la espada (1705)
