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Difference between revisions of "Gladiatoria (MS Germ.Quart.16)"
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! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Gladiatoria (MS Germ.Quart.16)}}<br/>by [[Kristian Babic]], [[Robert Brunner]], [[Marion Freundl]], [[Alexandra Gießl]], [[Barbara Kappelmayr]], [[Julia Lorbeer]], [[Carsten Lorbeer]], [[Andreas Meier]], [[Marita Wiedner]]</p> | ! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Gladiatoria (MS Germ.Quart.16)}}<br/>by [[Kristian Babic]], [[Robert Brunner]], [[Marion Freundl]], [[Alexandra Gießl]], [[Barbara Kappelmayr]], [[Julia Lorbeer]], [[Carsten Lorbeer]], [[Andreas Meier]], [[Marita Wiedner]]</p> | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 49v.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 49v.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[1] Note the first element with the longshield and with the sword: take your sword inside the shield and turn the point over at him. Rush in at him and set with your bottom securely on his shield and thrust with your sword from above downward between both shields to his neck. Now note how to counter the thrust against the neck if it happens to you: strike away his sword with your shield upon the left side and thrust with your sword up and over your shield to his breast such that you have countered the initial element.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|49v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|49v|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 50r.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 50r.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[2] Note the second element when you will drive it upon him: set your sword with the hilt on your breast and charge in with strength at him so that you come with your sword between both shields through to his body. Should he then thrust at you with his shield against this, then come with your shield and sword to assist so that you make a successful thrust. Now note the counter against this: displace the thrust with your sword about your left side and come with your point onto his breast such that you have broken the element that he tried to do unto you.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|50r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|50r|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 50v.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 50v.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[3] Note the third element: take your sword forth and go with the point between both shields while rushing in. If he becomes aware of the thrust then stride quickly with your right leg about his left side and thrust him inside in his back. Now note the counter against his thrust after your back should you perceive it: strike with your shield over and down onto his sword such that you break his thrust that he wished to do and drive. Thrust then with your sword from below between both shields through to his body such that you have countered the element that he wished to do unto you.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|50v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|50v|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 51r.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 51r.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[4] Note the fourth element: take your sword forth and rush in at him and set your shield well on his shield striding quickly with your right leg after and thrust under your left arm at him against his right side. Now note the counter against his thrust to your right side should you perceive it: fall with your sword over atop his sword and stride in after with your right leg. Thus you have displaced and thrust him wherever you wish such that you have countered what he wished to do to you.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|51r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|51r|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 51v.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 51v.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[5] Note the fifth element when you will drive it upon him: rush in with your shield powerfully onto his shield and thrust from above downward over his shield and hang well with your point down to his body. Now note the counter against the thrust over the shield should you perceive it: go with your shield with strength over upon his and let your shield with the lower end point about your left side driving and thrust from below between both shields to his groin such that you counter the element he wished to do to you.</p> |
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+ | :This is the fifth stance with the longshield and sword which all elements and their counters belong to. | ||
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|51v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|51v|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 52r.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 52r.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[6] Note the first element of the longshield with a bind made from the over hewing: stride with your left leg forth and grip with your shield using the lower point outside in his right kneecap and wrench firmly toward yourself so that you force him onto his backside. But if he counters this: stride with your left foot forth and wind with your shield from below from your left side inside his shield and strike in with your shield toward the whole of his body where you meet. Thus you have broken the element where he wished to throw you. This element and attack belongs to the Frankish tradition with cudgel and dagger.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|52r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|52r|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 52v.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 52v.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[7] Note the second element in which you have bound from below on the shield: stride with your right foot forth and heave from your shield from below over his with strength and stride with your left foot forth and strike him with your shield onto his shield about his left side such that you gain an openings around his whole body. Now mark the counter against it: stride with your right foot inside his and wrench with your shield firmly inside him so that you come to his opening. Thus you have countered the element he drove against you.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|52v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|52v|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 53r.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 53r.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[8] Note the third element which comes out from the changing hew and when you will drive it at him: stride toward him with your right foot and hew strongly from above downward with your shield to his head, and wrench quickly toward yourself and thrust with strength with your shield in against his groin, and turn with your shield from below about your right side such that you come to the changing hew on the other side. Now note the counter against this if he drives the changing hew: so catch your strike in your shield and stride with your left foot forth such that you come inside his shield for a thrust. Thus you have countered the element he drove against you.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|53r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|53r|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 53v.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 53v.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[9] Note the fourth element which comes from the middle hew with the shield: take your shield forth from yourself after the twirch(?) and look evenly upon what he will drive unto you, be it strike or thrust, and see that you foil it. Now note the counter against this: when he goes to foil what you have done, and your left foot is set forth, then strike his shield with strength about his right side and stride with your foot forth and wind with your shield from below so that you come with your shield inside his shield, exposing an opening. Thus you have countered the element.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|53v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|53v|jpg}} | ||
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| [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 54r.jpg|400px|center]] | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.16 54r.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
− | | | + | | <p>[10] Note the fifth element with the shield that comes from the plunging strike: hew and hang with your point to his face, and if he wards this with his shield, then go with your shield from below and strike him with strength to his whole body. Now note the counter against this: wind your shield from below from your right side and stride forth from him with your right foot. And grip inside with your shield to his left leg at his kneecap and stride inside him with your right leg and wrench strongly toward yourself such that you have broken his element.</p> |
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+ | :The elements here belong to the shield and club as they are described and illustrated here. | ||
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|54r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.16|54r|jpg}} | ||
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Revision as of 19:45, 17 February 2020
Gladiatoria | |||||
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MS Germ.Quart.16, Biblioteka Jagiellońska Kraków, Poland | |||||
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Type | |||||
Date | ca. 1435 - 1440 | ||||
Language(s) | Early New High German | ||||
Author(s) | Unknown | ||||
Size | 59 folia (196 mm × 178 mm) | ||||
Format | Double-sided; one illustration per side, with text below | ||||
Exemplar(s) | MS KK5013 (1430s) | ||||
Previously kept | Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin | ||||
Identified | Grzegorz Żabiński, 1999 | ||||
External data | Library catalog entry | ||||
Treatise scans |
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Other translations | Traduction française |
Gladiatoria (MS German Quarto 16) is a German fencing manual probably created between 1435 and 1440.[1] The original currently rests in the holdings of the Biblioteka Jagiellońska in Kraków, Poland. The MS German Quarto 16 is part of the Gladiatoria group, a series of several German manuscripts from the 15th century that share the same art style and cover the same material, and is the manuscript for which the complex is named. The Gladiatoria manuals are interesting texts in that they seem to be contemporary with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer, but not directly influenced by it.[citation needed]
The core of the Gladiatoria group is a series of devices of armored fencing following the traditional progression of a judicial duel: beginning with spears and small shields called ecranches, moving to longswords, then employing daggers on foot and on the ground. (Traditional dueling would begin on horseback before going to foot combat, and the ecranche is designed for mounted fencing, but Gladiatoria skips that stage entirely.) The German Quarto 16 adds to this material a series of unique teachings on a number of other weapons.
Contents
Provenance
Contents
1r |
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1v - 7r | Spear in armor from Gladiatoria | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7v - 33r | Sword in armor from Gladiatoria | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
33v - 49r | Dagger in armor from Gladiatoria | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
49v - 54r |
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54v |
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55r |
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55v |
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56r - 59r | Wrestling from Gladiatoria | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
59v |
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Gallery
Images hosted on Wiktenauer with permission from the Biblioteka Jagiellońska.
Additional Resources
- Cavazzuti, Carlo (in Italian). Gladiatoria. Asola: Gilgamesh Edizioni, 2015. ISBN 978-88-6867-080-1
- Hagedorn, Dierk; Walczak, Bartłomiej. Gladiatoria. New Haven - MS U860.F46 1450. Herne: VS-Books, 2015. ISBN 978-3-932077-42-5
- Hils, Hans-Peter (in German). "Gladiatoria: Über drei Fechthandschriften aus der ersten Hälfte des 15. Jahrhunderts". Codices manuscripti 13:1-54, 1987.
- Knight, Hugh T., Jr. The Gladiatoria Fechtbuch: A Fifteenth-Century German Fight Book. Lulu.com, 2008.
- Walczak, Bartłomiej. "Judicial Armoured Dagger Combat of Gladiatoria and KK 5013." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
References
Copyright and License Summary
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
Work | Author(s) | Source | License |
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Images | Biblioteka Jagiellońska | Biblioteka Jagiellońska | |
Translation (55r) | Michael Chidester | Wiktenauer | |
Transcription | Kristian Babic, Robert Brunner, Marion Freundl, Alexandra Gießl, Barbara Kappelmayr, Julia Lorbeer, Carsten Lorbeer, Andreas Meier, Marita Wiedner | Index:Gladiatoria (MS Germ.Quart.16) |