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Difference between revisions of "Hugo Wittenwiler"

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| resting_place        =  
 
| resting_place        =  
 
| occupation          =  
 
| occupation          =  
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| language            = [[language::Allemanic]]
+
| language            = [[language::Early New High German|Allemanic]]
 
| nationality          =  
 
| nationality          =  
 
| ethnicity            = German
 
| ethnicity            = German
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Item wiltu im sin schwert verseczen dz er kon weder stechen noch wechslen so wart wen er abzuch in den wechsel dz du im behend mit dim schwert uf sin wüchist und secz im sin schwert an sinen buch und wart dz du dz gehilcz wol windist dz er nit zuo dir müg komen mit sim schwert aldaber er stëch dich mit den uber heben und mit dem nach rais macht du im es och verseczen
 
Item wiltu im sin schwert verseczen dz er kon weder stechen noch wechslen so wart wen er abzuch in den wechsel dz du im behend mit dim schwert uf sin wüchist und secz im sin schwert an sinen buch und wart dz du dz gehilcz wol windist dz er nit zuo dir müg komen mit sim schwert aldaber er stëch dich mit den uber heben und mit dem nach rais macht du im es och verseczen
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Parrying the over-guard.'''
+
| class="noline" | '''Parrying the over-guard.'''
 
Item. If you wish to parry<ref>alt: oppose, interpose</ref> the over-guard to him such that he cannot withdraw, so be aware when he hews to you with an over-hew, strike into his sword with your sword and place your hand into<ref>behänden: sw. V.: nhd. berühren, betasten, einrichten, fügen, einhändigen, auferlegen</ref> and clasp his right arm in your left hand and press his arm behind him and step with the left foot behind him and draw your sword through his hand and through his neck and shove him from you and throw him over your foot, etc
 
Item. If you wish to parry<ref>alt: oppose, interpose</ref> the over-guard to him such that he cannot withdraw, so be aware when he hews to you with an over-hew, strike into his sword with your sword and place your hand into<ref>behänden: sw. V.: nhd. berühren, betasten, einrichten, fügen, einhändigen, auferlegen</ref> and clasp his right arm in your left hand and press his arm behind him and step with the left foot behind him and draw your sword through his hand and through his neck and shove him from you and throw him over your foot, etc
−
| '''die ober huot verseczen'''
+
| class="noline" | '''die ober huot verseczen'''
 
Item wiltu im die ober huot verseczen dz er nit kon ab züchen so wart wen er zuo dir how mit dem ober how '''[130r]''' so schlach in sin schwert mit dim schwert und behend zuo und ergrif im sin den rechten arm in din lengen hand und truck im den arm hinder sich und tritt mit dem lengen fuoß hinder in und zuch im din schwert durch sin hend und durch den hals und stöst in von dir und wirf in uber din fuoß ¶
 
Item wiltu im die ober huot verseczen dz er nit kon ab züchen so wart wen er zuo dir how mit dem ober how '''[130r]''' so schlach in sin schwert mit dim schwert und behend zuo und ergrif im sin den rechten arm in din lengen hand und truck im den arm hinder sich und tritt mit dem lengen fuoß hinder in und zuch im din schwert durch sin hend und durch den hals und stöst in von dir und wirf in uber din fuoß ¶
 
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Item wen du stast mit dem lingen fuoß vor wider i ander spies so làs din spies durch gan und rür im sinen spies und secz im an häst den die andren siten vor so tuo aber also ¶
 
Item wen du stast mit dem lingen fuoß vor wider i ander spies so làs din spies durch gan und rür im sinen spies und secz im an häst den die andren siten vor so tuo aber also ¶
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''A spear against the another.'''
+
| class="noline" | '''A spear against the another.'''
 
Item. You may also ward his thrust in the same way: Allow-through your spear around his and set behind it and shove in over that to the other side. Execute in this way as well: Or you step-into and behind him with one leg and seize him with a reversed arm and throw him.
 
Item. You may also ward his thrust in the same way: Allow-through your spear around his and set behind it and shove in over that to the other side. Execute in this way as well: Or you step-into and behind him with one leg and seize him with a reversed arm and throw him.
−
| '''i spies wider den andren'''
+
| class="noline" | '''i spies wider den andren'''
 
Item och macht du sin stich also weren und dinen spies umb sinen durch làssen und hinder in seczen und in dar über stossen zuo der andren siten tuo och also oder du tritt zuo und hinder in mit i bain und begrif in mit leczen arm und wirf in ¶
 
Item och macht du sin stich also weren und dinen spies umb sinen durch làssen und hinder in seczen und in dar über stossen zuo der andren siten tuo och also oder du tritt zuo und hinder in mit i bain und begrif in mit leczen arm und wirf in ¶
 
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Item du macht och under schlahen mach dinen spies lang und secz in an die lengen brust da bi dem lengen òch und leg din spies uf den legen arm und secz in an
 
Item du macht och under schlahen mach dinen spies lang und secz in an die lengen brust da bi dem lengen òch und leg din spies uf den legen arm und secz in an
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''For running-in'''
+
| class="noline" | '''For running-in'''
 
Item. If you wish to ward him running in, withdraw.
 
Item. If you wish to ward him running in, withdraw.
−
| '''fur i rennen'''
+
| class="noline" | '''fur i rennen'''
 
Item wiltu im inrennen weren so zuch ab
 
Item wiltu im inrennen weren so zuch ab
 
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Item ain under rigel zur rechten siten how i under how under sim messer hin und obnen wider umb hin krücz wis als d'zuo den kruicz how und tritt wol in die kron und how in unden in sin arm und obnen wider umb hin in sin hend oder in sin kopf glich als du zuo den kruicz höw tuost mit tretten und abzuhen und mit hin howen und wider umb hin cruicz wis also tuo och zuo den under rigel
 
Item ain under rigel zur rechten siten how i under how under sim messer hin und obnen wider umb hin krücz wis als d'zuo den kruicz how und tritt wol in die kron und how in unden in sin arm und obnen wider umb hin in sin hend oder in sin kopf glich als du zuo den kruicz höw tuost mit tretten und abzuhen und mit hin howen und wider umb hin cruicz wis also tuo och zuo den under rigel
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''The racing-after to the left side'''
+
| class="noline" | '''The racing-after to the left side'''
 
Item. The racing-after to the left side: Have the baselard near you and turn the point behind you and await when he hews into you, so that you swiftly step with the forward foot into the crown and hew-away the hand and the racing-after is good for<ref>alt: in front of</ref> messer and for sword.
 
Item. The racing-after to the left side: Have the baselard near you and turn the point behind you and await when he hews into you, so that you swiftly step with the forward foot into the crown and hew-away the hand and the racing-after is good for<ref>alt: in front of</ref> messer and for sword.
−
| '''dz nach rais zur lengen siten'''
+
| class="noline" | '''dz nach rais zur lengen siten'''
 
Item das nachrais zur lengen siten hab den bassler nebend dich und ker den ort hinder dich und wart wenn er zuo dir how dz du behend in die krön trettist mit '''[132v]''' dem fordren fuoß und how im die hend ab und daz nach rais ist guot für messer und für schwert
 
Item das nachrais zur lengen siten hab den bassler nebend dich und ker den ort hinder dich und wart wenn er zuo dir how dz du behend in die krön trettist mit '''[132v]''' dem fordren fuoß und how im die hend ab und daz nach rais ist guot für messer und für schwert
 
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! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
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Item wil er dich stechen mit gefunstaten tegen so wart alweg wen ainer sin tegen funsti dz din òch fustist und wenn er dich welli stechen so heb die hand uf fur dich mit dim tegen un stant glich still und enpfaf sin stich uf din tegen und wind im behend din tegen umb sinen arm so nimpst du im sinen tegen und ergrif in den bi siner ellenbogen mit diner legen hand '''[133r]''' und heb im sinen arm vast uf und stost in von dir oder tritt hinder in und stost in von dir so velst in und nimpst im sinen tegen und wart òch alweg wenn ainer sinen tegen fusti dz du dinen tegen òch funstist
 
Item wil er dich stechen mit gefunstaten tegen so wart alweg wen ainer sin tegen funsti dz din òch fustist und wenn er dich welli stechen so heb die hand uf fur dich mit dim tegen un stant glich still und enpfaf sin stich uf din tegen und wind im behend din tegen umb sinen arm so nimpst du im sinen tegen und ergrif in den bi siner ellenbogen mit diner legen hand '''[133r]''' und heb im sinen arm vast uf und stost in von dir oder tritt hinder in und stost in von dir so velst in und nimpst im sinen tegen und wart òch alweg wenn ainer sinen tegen fusti dz du dinen tegen òch funstist
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''To the left side with with a reversed arm'''
+
| class="noline" | '''To the left side with with a reversed arm'''
 
Item. Hurl forth with a reversed arm and step laterally into the crown and slash your dagger around his arm as before and grasp his arm and step-into and shove him from you and throw him.
 
Item. Hurl forth with a reversed arm and step laterally into the crown and slash your dagger around his arm as before and grasp his arm and step-into and shove him from you and throw him.
−
| '''zuo legen siten mit leczer arm'''
+
| class="noline" | '''zuo legen siten mit leczer arm'''
 
Item wirf uf mit leczem arm und tritt bi zit in die krön und schlach im dinen tegen umb sinen arm als vor und ergrif im den arm und tritt zuo und stos in von dir und wirf in
 
Item wirf uf mit leczem arm und tritt bi zit in die krön und schlach im dinen tegen umb sinen arm als vor und ergrif im den arm und tritt zuo und stos in von dir und wirf in
 
|}
 
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! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
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Item us der gabel wil er dich stechen so wirf din arm über ain ander fuor dich uf und ergrif im den arm behend da er dz messer in hant und tritt hinder in als vor und wirf in an well siten du wit oder heb im sinen arm mit ainer hand und stost in mit der andren hand von dir und dz ist guot du habist ain '''[133v]''' messer oder nit
 
Item us der gabel wil er dich stechen so wirf din arm über ain ander fuor dich uf und ergrif im den arm behend da er dz messer in hant und tritt hinder in als vor und wirf in an well siten du wit oder heb im sinen arm mit ainer hand und stost in mit der andren hand von dir und dz ist guot du habist ain '''[133v]''' messer oder nit
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Arm breaking'''
+
| class="noline" | '''Arm breaking'''
 
Item. If one wishes to run into you and will sweep you with the arm under the chin and will throw you and take the messer, then take care that you swiftly clasp your messer in your left hand or let it fall and sieze his reversed arm thus extended and sweep up with your shoulder and press his arm down firmly with both hands, thus you break his arm and throw him over your head.
 
Item. If one wishes to run into you and will sweep you with the arm under the chin and will throw you and take the messer, then take care that you swiftly clasp your messer in your left hand or let it fall and sieze his reversed arm thus extended and sweep up with your shoulder and press his arm down firmly with both hands, thus you break his arm and throw him over your head.
−
| '''arm ab brechen'''
+
| class="noline" | '''arm ab brechen'''
 
Item wil dich den ainer ain lòffen und wil dir mit den aim under dz kin wuschen und wil dich werffen und dz messer nemen so wart dz du behend din messer in din lengi hand vassist oder làß es vallen und ergrif im sinen leczen arm also gestrak und wüsch uf din achslen mit und truk im sinen arm mit beden hendi vast nider so brichst du im sinen arm ab und wirfst in über dinen kopf
 
Item wil dich den ainer ain lòffen und wil dir mit den aim under dz kin wuschen und wil dich werffen und dz messer nemen so wart dz du behend din messer in din lengi hand vassist oder làß es vallen und ergrif im sinen leczen arm also gestrak und wüsch uf din achslen mit und truk im sinen arm mit beden hendi vast nider so brichst du im sinen arm ab und wirfst in über dinen kopf
 
|}
 
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Oder vall im in sinen arm mit der rechten hand und ergrif im dz messer hefti hinnen in die lenggen hand und nim im dz messer
 
Oder vall im in sinen arm mit der rechten hand und ergrif im dz messer hefti hinnen in die lenggen hand und nim im dz messer
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''If someone is left (handed)'''
+
| class="noline" | '''If someone is left (handed)'''
 
Item. If he is left (handed), then step-away with the back foot and seize his messer
 
Item. If he is left (handed), then step-away with the back foot and seize his messer
−
| '''ist ainer lengg'''
+
| class="noline" | '''ist ainer lengg'''
 
Item ist ainer lengg so tritt mit dem hindren fuoß ab und ergrif im dz messer
 
Item ist ainer lengg so tritt mit dem hindren fuoß ab und ergrif im dz messer
 
|}
 
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! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
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Item wit du i mit ainer hand han dz er nit under dir uf mag kon lit er adem buch so secz entweris uf in und secz im uf dz hercz und ergrif in mit der lengen hand under dz kin und làs din arm über sin nasen ufhingen und lupf im den kopf vast uf und heb in vast dz er nit wenck ¶
 
Item wit du i mit ainer hand han dz er nit under dir uf mag kon lit er adem buch so secz entweris uf in und secz im uf dz hercz und ergrif in mit der lengen hand under dz kin und làs din arm über sin nasen ufhingen und lupf im den kopf vast uf und heb in vast dz er nit wenck ¶
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Item. If he leans to the back, then set him upon the right arm and lay the left elbow under his chin and grab his arm in your hand and lift him quickly, etc.
+
| class="noline" | Item. If he leans to the back, then set him upon the right arm and lay the left elbow under his chin and grab his arm in your hand and lift him quickly, etc.
−
| Item lit er an der ruggen so sicz im uf den rechten arm und leg in die lenggen elbogen under das kin und ergrif im den arm in din hand und heb in vast ¶ daz ist us also.
+
| class="noline" | Item lit er an der ruggen so sicz im uf den rechten arm und leg in die lenggen elbogen under das kin und ergrif im den arm in din hand und heb in vast ¶ daz ist us also.
 
|}
 
|}
 
{{master end}}
 
{{master end}}
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|-  
 
|-  
−
| In the year of our lord one thousand [...] three<ref>The two dots around the 'y' can demarcate the 'slot' where additive/subtractive enumeration occurs. The 'y' can be parsed as a '5' if it is an arabic numeral. This sort of mixing did occur and this would give us a value of 1503. That seems the most reasonable. There are other ways to parse it that make no sense, that give it something like 1153 or 1203. Baselards weren't a thing back then, the script wasn't in use back then either. It's technically possible that one or more of the dots are v's and that would give us something like 1408. I found some research on hunting of the period that cites this manuscript and says the hunting and falconry sections are in line with terms from the late 14 to the mid late 15th. All that being said, a late 15thC dating is quite reasonable.</ref> next day after the feast of the birth of virgin Mary<ref>The 9th of September is the day after.</ref> by the hand of Hugues, called Wittenwiller
+
| class="noline" | In the year of our lord one thousand [...] three<ref>The two dots around the 'y' can demarcate the 'slot' where additive/subtractive enumeration occurs. The 'y' can be parsed as a '5' if it is an arabic numeral. This sort of mixing did occur and this would give us a value of 1503. That seems the most reasonable. There are other ways to parse it that make no sense, that give it something like 1153 or 1203. Baselards weren't a thing back then, the script wasn't in use back then either. It's technically possible that one or more of the dots are v's and that would give us something like 1408. I found some research on hunting of the period that cites this manuscript and says the hunting and falconry sections are in line with terms from the late 14 to the mid late 15th. All that being said, a late 15thC dating is quite reasonable.</ref> next day after the feast of the birth of virgin Mary<ref>The 9th of September is the day after.</ref> by the hand of Hugues, called Wittenwiller
−
| '''[140v]''' Anno Dm~ m˚ .y. iij px<sup>īā</sup> '''[141r]''' die post festum nativitatis marie virginis per manis Hugonis dicti wittenwiller.  
+
| class="noline" | '''[140v]''' Anno Dm~ m˚ .y. iij px<sup>īā</sup> '''[141r]''' die post festum nativitatis marie virginis per manis Hugonis dicti wittenwiller.  
  
  
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{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
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  | authors    = [[Christian Trosclair]]
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  | authors    = [[translator::Christian Trosclair]]
 
  | source link =
 
  | source link =
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
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== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
−
* [[Albrecht Dürer|Dürer, Albrecht]] and [[Karl Wassmannsdorff|Wassmannsdorff, Karl]]. {{Google books|hb1AAAAAcAAJ|Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters}}. Liepzig: Priber, 1870.
+
{{bibliography}}
−
* [[Jeffrey Hull|Hull, Jeffrey]]. "The Fight Book of Hugues Wittenwiller." ''Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts''. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
 
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
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[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Pole Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
 +
 +
[[Category:Old format]]

Latest revision as of 02:01, 24 February 2025

Hugo Wittenwiler
Born 15th century
Died 15th century (?)
Ethnicity German
Genres
Language Allemanic
Manuscript(s) Cgm 558 (ca. 1493)
First printed
english edition		 Hull, 2008
Translations
Signature Wittenwiller Sig.png

Hugo Wittenwiler (Hugonis dicti Wittenwiller, Hugues Wittenwiler) was a 15th century German scribe and presumed author of a fencing manual. The Wittenwiler family originated as low nobility from Wittenwil in the modern canton of Thurgau, Switzerland, but were destitute by 1339. Hugo Wittenwiler was likely a member of the Toggenburg branch of the family, living in Toggenburg, Lichtenstein, or Wil. Other than this, little can be determined about his life.

In the latter part of the 15th century, Wittenwiler wrote a multiweapon fencing treatise that shows little or no connection to the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. Though he is often credited as the author of this treatise, he was likely merely its scribe.[1] This treatise now forms part of the larger manuscript Cgm 558.

Treatise

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. ↑ See folio 141r.
  2. ↑ wenden will be translated as: turning the hand/body or winding the sword
  3. ↑ daraufspringen
  4. ↑ twisted, obliquely, crooked, curved
  5. ↑ In the text: `ze glich` zergleich, zugleich
  6. ↑ constrained
  7. ↑ direct, perpendicular or right(handed)
  8. ↑ alt: stepping
  9. ↑ direct, perpendicular or right(handed)
  10. ↑ possibly ‘to the right’, straight, perpendicular
  11. ↑ simple
  12. ↑ ansetzen: impale
  13. ↑ this is possibly a scribal error or synonym for Nachreisen
  14. ↑ angle
  15. ↑ Turnable, mutable, inconstant; fickle; Slavic
  16. ↑ eben: equally, even, flatly, precisely
  17. ↑ alt: continually
  18. ↑ auftrechen. `trechen` is a strong class IVa verb. `Ich triche`, `Du trichest`. It means here `to pull into the air`, `to put into motion`
  19. ↑ I believe that this underlined passage is a scribal error. Read it with out the parentheticals and it makes much more sense
  20. ↑ turn
  21. ↑ also: cut open, to chop down a tree,
  22. ↑ also: oblique, curved, twisted
  23. ↑ alt: oppose, interpose
  24. ↑ alt: oppose, interpose
  25. ↑ behänden: sw. V.: nhd. berühren, betasten, einrichten, fügen, einhändigen, auferlegen
  26. ↑ grimm: unterschlagen 2
  27. ↑ surround
  28. ↑ aufschlachen? -strike upon
  29. ↑ left?
  30. ↑ in a superior position to, on the back of your neck.
  31. ↑ turn
  32. ↑ cut-off
  33. ↑ straight, perpendicular or right(handed)
  34. ↑ alt: in front of
  35. ↑ weapons
  36. ↑ possibly seek or desire
  37. ↑ possibly: legs
  38. ↑ possibly: "to the other side"
  39. ↑ literally: on one change. make a step when a change happens.
  40. ↑ The two dots around the 'y' can demarcate the 'slot' where additive/subtractive enumeration occurs. The 'y' can be parsed as a '5' if it is an arabic numeral. This sort of mixing did occur and this would give us a value of 1503. That seems the most reasonable. There are other ways to parse it that make no sense, that give it something like 1153 or 1203. Baselards weren't a thing back then, the script wasn't in use back then either. It's technically possible that one or more of the dots are v's and that would give us something like 1408. I found some research on hunting of the period that cites this manuscript and says the hunting and falconry sections are in line with terms from the late 14 to the mid late 15th. All that being said, a late 15thC dating is quite reasonable.
  41. ↑ The 9th of September is the day after.
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