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Difference between revisions of "Hugo Wittenwiler"

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|-
 
|-
 
| '''A going-through.'''
 
| '''A going-through.'''
Item. A going through this is in the same way: hew the under-hew and step laterally with the forward foot into the changeable<ref>Turnable, mutable, inconstant; fickle; Slavic</ref> crown and hew-upon behind his sword or messer and target his elbows and turn the hilt well up in front of your head and withdraw in the over-guard in the crown and step-into with a thrust and set-on him suitably or with a striking-around and shelter yourself behind the hilt
+
Item. A going through this is in the same way: hew the under-hew and step laterally with the forward foot into the changeable<ref>Turnable, mutable, inconstant; fickle; Slavic</ref> crown and hew-upon behind his sword or messer and target his elbows and turn the hilt well up in front of your head and withdraw in the over-guard in the crown and step-into with a thrust and set-on him flatly<ref>eben: equally, even, flatly, precisely</ref> or with a striking-around and shelter yourself behind the hilt
 
| '''Ain durch gän'''
 
| '''Ain durch gän'''
 
Item ain durch gan dz ist also how den under how und tritt mit dem fordren fuoß bi zit in die windeschen kron und how uf hinder sin schwert oder messer und rom im der ellenbogen und wend dz gehilcz wol uf für din hopt und züch ab in die ober huot in die kron und tritt zuo mit i stich und secz im eben an oder mit aim umb schlag und birg dich wol hinder dz gehilcz
 
Item ain durch gan dz ist also how den under how und tritt mit dem fordren fuoß bi zit in die windeschen kron und how uf hinder sin schwert oder messer und rom im der ellenbogen und wend dz gehilcz wol uf für din hopt und züch ab in die ober huot in die kron und tritt zuo mit i stich und secz im eben an oder mit aim umb schlag und birg dich wol hinder dz gehilcz
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''Here I will teach fencing from the straight crown.'''
 
| '''Here I will teach fencing from the straight crown.'''
Item. Go up with a thrust so you come into the crown. When you stand in the crown, strike around and hew a strong over-hew and draw back again in the crown and always withdraw with the back foot. You may stab or strike from the crown, hew a over-hew and  a under-hew and the over-change. Then if you gladly wish, strike-around and withdraw in the under-guard and may again change or thrust, whichever you wish.
+
Item. Go up with a thrust so you come into the crown. When you stand in the crown, strike around and hew a strong over-hew and draw again in the crown and always withdraw with the back foot. You may stab or strike from the crown, hew a over-hew and  a under-hew and the over-change. Then if you gladly wish, strike-around and draw into the under-guard and may again change or thrust, whichever you wish.
 
| '''Item hie wil ich leren wechten us der schlechten kron'''
 
| '''Item hie wil ich leren wechten us der schlechten kron'''
 
Item gan uf mit i stich so kunst du in die kron wen du in der kron stäst so schlach umb und how i starken ober how und zuch wider in die kron und zuch alweg ab mit dem hinder fuoß du macht us der kron stechen oder schlahen so macht howen ober how und under how und den ober wechsel wit du den gern so schlach umb und zuch in die under huot so macht aber wechslen oder stechen weders du wit
 
Item gan uf mit i stich so kunst du in die kron wen du in der kron stäst so schlach umb und how i starken ober how und zuch wider in die kron und zuch alweg ab mit dem hinder fuoß du macht us der kron stechen oder schlahen so macht howen ober how und under how und den ober wechsel wit du den gern so schlach umb und zuch in die under huot so macht aber wechslen oder stechen weders du wit
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| '''Here I will teach fencing from the alley-hew, etc.'''
 
| '''Here I will teach fencing from the alley-hew, etc.'''
 
Item. If you stand in the alley-hew, if he hews, so quickly thrust up and hew a striking-around, thus come in the change or thrust and strike a striking-around below or firmly hew-up below and strike firmly against or step-into and change and spring to the side in the triangle.
 
Item. If you stand in the alley-hew, if he hews, so quickly thrust up and hew a striking-around, thus come in the change or thrust and strike a striking-around below or firmly hew-up below and strike firmly against or step-into and change and spring to the side in the triangle.
| '''Item hie wie ich leren {vechten us dem gassen how ¶'''
+
| '''Item hie wie ich leren vechten us dem gassen how ¶'''
 
Item stast du in dem gassen how / howt er so stich räschlich uf und how i umb schlag so kunst in den wechsel oder stich und schlach ain um schlag wider nider oder how unden uf vast und schlach vast wider nider oder tritt zuo und wechsel und spring nebensich in die iii angel
 
Item stast du in dem gassen how / howt er so stich räschlich uf und how i umb schlag so kunst in den wechsel oder stich und schlach ain um schlag wider nider oder how unden uf vast und schlach vast wider nider oder tritt zuo und wechsel und spring nebensich in die iii angel
 
|-
 
|-
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Item uf all nachrais stich uf schiltes wais / how uf wirf in uber schwert so sicht dz i din hercz begert Iunk man lern maister ler hab got liber und fuowen/er/
 
Item uf all nachrais stich uf schiltes wais / how uf wirf in uber schwert so sicht dz i din hercz begert Iunk man lern maister ler hab got liber und fuowen/er/
 
|-
 
|-
| '''Crooked-hew<ref>also: oblique, curved, twisted</ref>'''
+
| '''Bent-hew<ref>also: oblique, curved, twisted</ref>'''
 
Item. Hew bent, step well around and well up with the hilt and with the point down and then step around with the thrust and so you may strike around and draw again in the over-guard or in the under-guard.
 
Item. Hew bent, step well around and well up with the hilt and with the point down and then step around with the thrust and so you may strike around and draw again in the over-guard or in the under-guard.
 
| '''schlims how'''
 
| '''schlims how'''
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|-
 
|-
 
| '''Hew-upon the triangle.'''
 
| '''Hew-upon the triangle.'''
Item. Hew-upon the triangle. This is a over-hew and with that, a step  and be somewhat soft and yet step around quickly with-that such that you strike him behind upon the rear into the head or into the back or into the legs or whereever you wish, etc.
+
Item. Hew-upon the triangle. This is a over-hew and with that, a step  and be somewhat soft and with that step around quickly again such that you strike him behind upon the rear into the head or into the back or into the legs or wherever you wish, etc.
 
| '''how uf iii angel'''
 
| '''how uf iii angel'''
 
Item how uf iii angel dz ist also how ober und tritt da mit und bis ew etwaz waich und tritt aber da mit vast umb dz du in hinder an dem rogen schlachist in dz hopt oder in den ruggen oder in die bain oder wo du wit ¶
 
Item how uf iii angel dz ist also how ober und tritt da mit und bis ew etwaz waich und tritt aber da mit vast umb dz du in hinder an dem rogen schlachist in dz hopt oder in den ruggen oder in die bain oder wo du wit ¶
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|-
 
|-
 
| '''Item. Here I teach thrusting the curved-thrust and the change-thrust and the straight-thrust and parrying the change.'''
 
| '''Item. Here I teach thrusting the curved-thrust and the change-thrust and the straight-thrust and parrying the change.'''
Item. If you wish to thrust from the crown, so thrust a long thrust and withdraw with the back foot and always draw up against in the over-guard and wind the sword well around.
+
Item. If you wish to thrust from the crown, so thrust a long thrust and withdraw with the back foot and always draw back up in the over-guard and wind the sword well around.
 
| '''Item hie ler ich stechen krum stich und wechel stich und die schlechten stich und den wechsel verseczen'''
 
| '''Item hie ler ich stechen krum stich und wechel stich und die schlechten stich und den wechsel verseczen'''
 
Item wit du stechen us der krön so stich i langen stich '''[129v]''' und zuch ab mit dem hindren fuoß und zuch alweg wider uf in die obren huot und wind dz schwert wol umb
 
Item wit du stechen us der krön so stich i langen stich '''[129v]''' und zuch ab mit dem hindren fuoß und zuch alweg wider uf in die obren huot und wind dz schwert wol umb
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''Change-thrust.'''
 
| '''Change-thrust.'''
Item. Then, if you wish to thrust from the change:  If you stand in the over-guard, execute a striking-around and hew a over-hew and withdraw in the under-guard and step with the front foot into the change and thrust with the change-thrust or with the straight thrust, whichever you wish and always be aware that you withdraw well with the back foot and turn the hilt well so that he cannot hew you in it and also be aware whatever you do, be it with striking or with thrusting that you also do it with long arms and with wide steps, so no one can touch you. Because if you yet fence with shortened arms, one hits you. Therefore fencing is good with long arms and with wide steps
+
Item. Then, if you wish to thrust from the change:  If you stand in the over-guard, execute a striking-around and hew a over-hew and withdraw in the under-guard and step with the front foot into the change and thrust with the change-thrust or with the straight thrust, whichever you wish and always be aware that you withdraw well with the back foot and turn the hilt well so that he cannot hew you in it and also be aware whatever you do, be it with striking or with thrusting that you also do it with long arms and with wide steps, so no one can wound you. Because if you yet fence with shortened arms, one hits you. Therefore fencing is good with long arms and with wide steps
 
| '''wechsel stich'''
 
| '''wechsel stich'''
 
Item wit den stechen us dem wechsel stäst du in der ober huot so tuo ain umb schlag und how ain ober how und züch ab in die under huot und tritt mit den fordren fuoß in den wechsel und stich mit dem wechsel stich ald mit den schlechten stich weders du wilt und wart dz du alweg wol ab züchist mit den hindren fuoß und dz gehilcz wol wendist dz er dich nit in die how und wart och was du dügist es sig mit schlahen oder mit stechen dz du dz als mit langen armen tügist und mit witten schritten so kan dich kainer gerüren wen du aber mit kurczen armen vechtist so tref dich ainer und da von ist guot mit langen armen vechten und mit witten schritten
 
Item wit den stechen us dem wechsel stäst du in der ober huot so tuo ain umb schlag und how ain ober how und züch ab in die under huot und tritt mit den fordren fuoß in den wechsel und stich mit dem wechsel stich ald mit den schlechten stich weders du wilt und wart dz du alweg wol ab züchist mit den hindren fuoß und dz gehilcz wol wendist dz er dich nit in die how und wart och was du dügist es sig mit schlahen oder mit stechen dz du dz als mit langen armen tügist und mit witten schritten so kan dich kainer gerüren wen du aber mit kurczen armen vechtist so tref dich ainer und da von ist guot mit langen armen vechten und mit witten schritten
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''Parrying.'''
 
| '''Parrying.'''
Item. If you wish to parry his sword, that he can neither thrust nor change, so await when he withdraws into the change that you swiftly sweep with your sword upon his and set his sword upon his belly and be aware that you turn the hilt well such that he may not come to you with his sword. Otherwise, if he thrusts you with the lifting-above and with the racing-after, you may also parry it.
+
Item. If you wish to parry<ref>alt: oppose, interpose</ref> his sword, that he can neither thrust nor change, so await when he withdraws into the change that you swiftly sweep with your sword upon his and set his sword upon his belly and be aware that you turn the hilt well such that he may not come to you with his sword. Alternately, if he thrusts you with the lifting-above and with the racing-after, you may also parry it.
 
| '''verseczen'''
 
| '''verseczen'''
 
Item wiltu im sin schwert verseczen dz er kon weder stechen noch wechslen so wart wen er abzuch in den wechsel dz du im behend mit dim schwert uf sin wüchist und secz im sin schwert an sinen buch und wart dz du dz gehilcz wol windist dz er nit zuo dir müg komen mit sim schwert aldaber er stëch dich mit den uber heben und mit dem nach rais macht du im es och verseczen
 
Item wiltu im sin schwert verseczen dz er kon weder stechen noch wechslen so wart wen er abzuch in den wechsel dz du im behend mit dim schwert uf sin wüchist und secz im sin schwert an sinen buch und wart dz du dz gehilcz wol windist dz er nit zuo dir müg komen mit sim schwert aldaber er stëch dich mit den uber heben und mit dem nach rais macht du im es och verseczen
 
|-
 
|-
 
| '''Parrying the over-guard.'''
 
| '''Parrying the over-guard.'''
Item. If you wish to parry the over-guard to him such that he cannot withdraw, so be aware when he hews to you with a over-hew, strike into his sword with your sword and place your hand into<ref>behänden: sw. V.: nhd. berühren, betasten, einrichten, fügen, einhändigen, auferlegen</ref> and clasp his right arm in your left hand and press his arm behind him and step with the left foot behind him and draw your sword through his hand and through his neck and shove him from you and throw him over your foot, etc
+
Item. If you wish to parry<ref>alt: oppose, interpose</ref> the over-guard to him such that he cannot withdraw, so be aware when he hews to you with a over-hew, strike into his sword with your sword and place your hand into<ref>behänden: sw. V.: nhd. berühren, betasten, einrichten, fügen, einhändigen, auferlegen</ref> and clasp his right arm in your left hand and press his arm behind him and step with the left foot behind him and draw your sword through his hand and through his neck and shove him from you and throw him over your foot, etc
 
| '''die ober huot verseczen'''
 
| '''die ober huot verseczen'''
 
Item wiltu im die ober huot verseczen dz er nit kon ab züchen so wart wen er zuo dir how mit dem ober how '''[130r]''' so schlach in sin schwert mit dim schwert und behend zuo und ergrif im sin den rechten arm in din lengen hand und truck im den arm hinder sich und tritt mit dem lengen fuoß hinder in und zuch im din schwert durch sin hend und durch den hals und stöst in von dir und wirf in uber din fuoß ¶
 
Item wiltu im die ober huot verseczen dz er nit kon ab züchen so wart wen er zuo dir how mit dem ober how '''[130r]''' so schlach in sin schwert mit dim schwert und behend zuo und ergrif im sin den rechten arm in din lengen hand und truck im den arm hinder sich und tritt mit dem lengen fuoß hinder in und zuch im din schwert durch sin hend und durch den hals und stöst in von dir und wirf in uber din fuoß ¶
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Item och macht du uf sinen stich warten tritt umb mit i stich und wend dz gehilcz mit langen armen wert er dz so how in mit leczen arm wit du dz nit tuo so wechsel und schlach und how von dir
 
Item och macht du uf sinen stich warten tritt umb mit i stich und wend dz gehilcz mit langen armen wert er dz so how in mit leczen arm wit du dz nit tuo so wechsel und schlach und how von dir
 
|-
 
|-
| '''Crooked'''
+
| '''Bent'''
 
Item. If he hews a over-hew, so wait upon him and you hew crooked and step with the forward foot to the side of you and yield somewhat as hard and soft and hew again with a reversed arm and step away with the back foot so you stand again in the guard.
 
Item. If he hews a over-hew, so wait upon him and you hew crooked and step with the forward foot to the side of you and yield somewhat as hard and soft and hew again with a reversed arm and step away with the back foot so you stand again in the guard.
 
| '''schlims'''
 
| '''schlims'''

Revision as of 22:13, 29 November 2015

Hugo Wittenwiler
Born 15th century
Died 15th century (?)
Ethnicity German
Genres
Language Allemanic
Manuscript(s) Cgm 558 (ca. 1493)
First printed
english edition
Hull, 2008
Translations
Signature Wittenwiller Sig.png

Hugo Wittenwiler (Hugonis dicti Wittenwiller, Hugues Wittenwiler) was a 15th century German scribe and presumed author of a fencing manual. The Wittenwiler family originated as low nobility from Wittenwil in the modern canton of Thurgau, Switzerland, but were destitute by 1339. Hugo Wittenwiler was likely a member of the Toggenburg branch of the family, living in Toggenburg, Lichtenstein, or Wil. Other than this, little can be determined about his life.

In the latter part of the 15th century, Wittenwiler wrote a multiweapon fencing treatise that shows little or no connection to the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. Though he is often credited as the author of this treatise, he was likely merely its scribe.[1] This treatise now forms part of the larger manuscript Cgm 558.

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. See folio 141r.
  2. wenden will be translated as: turning the hand/body or winding the sword
  3. daraufspringen
  4. twisted, obliquely, crooked, curved
  5. In the text: `ze glich` zergleich, zugleich
  6. constrained
  7. direct, perpendicular or right(handed)
  8. alt: stepping
  9. direct, perpendicular or right(handed)
  10. possibly ‘to the right’, straight, perpendicular
  11. simple
  12. ansetzen: impale
  13. this is possibly a scribal error or synonym for Nachreisen
  14. angle
  15. Turnable, mutable, inconstant; fickle; Slavic
  16. eben: equally, even, flatly, precisely
  17. alt: continually
  18. auftrechen. `trechen` is a strong class IVa verb. `Ich triche`, `Du trichest`. It means here `to pull into the air`, `to put into motion`
  19. I believe that this underlined passage is a scribal error. Read it with out the parentheticals and it makes much more sense
  20. turn
  21. also: cut open, to chop down a tree,
  22. also: oblique, curved, twisted
  23. alt: oppose, interpose
  24. alt: oppose, interpose
  25. behänden: sw. V.: nhd. berühren, betasten, einrichten, fügen, einhändigen, auferlegen
  26. grimm: unterschlagen 2
  27. surround
  28. aufschlachen? -strike upon
  29. left?
  30. in a superior position to, on the back of your neck.
  31. turn
  32. cut-off
  33. straight, perpendicular or right(handed)
  34. alt: in front of
  35. weapons
  36. possibly seek or desire
  37. possibly: legs
  38. possibly: "to the other side"
  39. The two dots around the 'y' can demarcate the 'slot' where additive/subtractive enumeration occurs. The 'y' can be parsed as a '5' if it is an arabic numeral. This sort of mixing did occur and this would give us a value of 1503. That seems the most reasonable. There are other ways to parse it that make no sense, that give it something like 1153 or 1203. Baselards weren't a thing back then, the script wasn't in use back then either. It's technically possible that one or more of the dots are v's and that would give us something like 1408. I found some research on hunting of the period that cites this manuscript and says the hunting and falconry sections are in line with terms from the late 14 to the mid late 15th. All that being said, a late 15thC dating is quite reasonable.
  40. The 9th of September is the day after.