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{{Infobox manuscript
 
{{Infobox manuscript
 
<!----------Name---------->
 
<!----------Name---------->
| name              = [[name::Fechtregeln]]
+
| name              = [[name::Kölner Fechtregeln]]
 
| location          = [[inventory::MS Best.7020 (W*)150]], [[museum::Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln|Historisches Archiv]]<br/>Cologne, Germany
 
| location          = [[inventory::MS Best.7020 (W*)150]], [[museum::Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln|Historisches Archiv]]<br/>Cologne, Germany
 
<!----------Image---------->
 
<!----------Image---------->
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| caption            = ff 1v - 2r
 
| caption            = ff 1v - 2r
 
<!----------General---------->
 
<!----------General---------->
| Index number      = [[WI::]]
+
| Hagedorn's catalog = [[HS::K]]
 
| Wierschin's catalog= [[WC::20]]
 
| Wierschin's catalog= [[WC::20]]
 
| Hils' catalog      = [[HK::25]]
 
| Hils' catalog      = [[HK::25]]
| Beck catalog      = [[BC::]]
+
| Beck catalog      = —
| Also known as      =  
+
| Also known as      = MS W.* 8 150
 
| Type              = {{plainlist
 
| Type              = {{plainlist
 
  | [[type::Fencing manual]]
 
  | [[type::Fencing manual]]
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| Date              = ca. [[year::1500]]
 
| Date              = ca. [[year::1500]]
 
| Place of origin    =  
 
| Place of origin    =  
| Language(s)        = [[language::Early New High German]]<br/>([[wikipedia:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]])
+
| Language(s)        = [[language::Early New High German]] ([[wikipedia:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]])
 
| Scribe(s)          =  
 
| Scribe(s)          =  
 
| Author(s)          = Unknown
 
| Author(s)          = Unknown
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<!----------Form and content---------->
 
<!----------Form and content---------->
 
| Material          =  
 
| Material          =  
| Size              = 22 [[folia]] (145 mm x 100 mm)
+
| Size              = 23 [[folia]] (100 mm × 145 mm)
 
| Format            = Double-sided
 
| Format            = Double-sided
 
| Condition          =  
 
| Condition          =  
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| Discovered        =  
 
| Discovered        =  
 
| Other              =  
 
| Other              =  
| Website            = [http://www.handschriftencensus.de/13145 Handschriftencensus]
+
| Website            = {{plainlist
| Images            = [http://historischesarchivkoeln.de/de/lesesaal/verzeichnungseinheit/173032/Best.+7020+150+Fechtregeln Microfilm scans]
+
| [https://historischesarchivkoeln.de/archive.xhtml?id{{=}}Vz++++++90003436PPLS#Vz______90003436PPLS Library catalog entry]
 +
| [http://www.handschriftencensus.de/13145 Handschriftencensus]
 +
}}
 +
| Images            = [http://historischesarchivkoeln.de/viewer/?fileName{{=}}https%3A//historischesarchivkoeln.de/mets%3Fid{{=}}0C2E0266-21A4-4221-9872-B1A371DCFF62_150_Mikrofilm_20160803173250.xml Microfilm scans]
 
| Translations      = {{French translation|http://gagschola.bluemindmusic.com/files/recherche/dj.trad.hsbest7020.pdf|1}}
 
| Translations      = {{French translation|http://gagschola.bluemindmusic.com/files/recherche/dj.trad.hsbest7020.pdf|1}}
 
| below              =  
 
| below              =  
 
}}
 
}}
'''''Fechtregeln''''' ("Fencing Rules"; MS Bestand 7020 (W*)150) is an anonymous [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created around the turn of the 16th century.<ref name="Handschriftencensus">Matthias Johannes Bauer. "[http://www.handschriftencensus.de/13145 Köln, Hist. Archiv der Stadt, Best. 7020 (W*) 150]". ''Handschriftencensus. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der handschriftlichen Überlieferung deutschsprachiger Texte des Mittelalters.'' October, 2009. Retrieved 7 July 2012.</ref> It currently rests in the holdings of the [[Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln]] in Cologne, Germany; it was housed in the wing of the Archive that collapsed on 3 March 2009,<ref>Newspaper article [http://www.noz.de/deutschland-welt/vermischtes/artikel/211493/verschollen-und-doch-gerettet-osnabrucker-historiker-reproduziert-eine-beim-einsturz-des-kolner-stadtarchivs-verloren-gegangene- Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung 01.03.2010]</ref> but it was recovered and seems to have been unharmed.
+
{{foreignchar|Koelner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)|ö}}
 +
The '''''Kölner Fechtregeln''''' ("Fencing Rules"; MS Best. 7020 (W*)150) is an anonymous [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created around the turn of the 16th century.<ref name="Handschriftencensus">Matthias Johannes Bauer. "[http://www.handschriftencensus.de/13145 Köln, Hist. Archiv der Stadt, Best. 7020 (W*) 150]". ''Handschriftencensus. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der handschriftlichen Überlieferung deutschsprachiger Texte des Mittelalters.'' October, 2009. Retrieved 7 July 2012.</ref> It currently rests in the holdings of the [[Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln]] in Cologne, Germany; it was housed in the wing of the Archive that collapsed on 3 March 2009,<ref>Newspaper article [http://www.noz.de/deutschland-welt/vermischtes/artikel/211493/verschollen-und-doch-gerettet-osnabrucker-historiker-reproduziert-eine-beim-einsturz-des-kolner-stadtarchivs-verloren-gegangene- Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung 01.03.2010]</ref> but it was recovered and seems to have been undamaged.<ref>Personal report from one of the salvage workers.</ref>
  
Fechtregeln, also sometimes called the "Kölner Fechtbuch" (Fencing Manual of Cologne), contains several verses resembling [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]'s [[Recital]], but it has few other obvious parallels to the teachings of the high master.<ref name="Handschriftencensus"/> However, as [[James Wallhausen]] points out, it does bear a certain resemblance to the syllabus of the [[Marxbrüder]] fencing guild as described by [[Hans Sachs]].<ref>[[James Wallhausen]]. [http://paleo.eskirmology.co.uk/best-7020-fechtbuch/ "The Fight-Lore of the Long Sword From the Kölner Fechtbuch (MS Best.7020)".] ''Paleoeskirmology Historical Combat Systems''. Retrieved 24 June 2012.</ref>
+
The ''Kölner Fechtregeln'' contains several verses resembling [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]'s [[Recital]], but it has few other obvious parallels to the teachings of the high master.<ref name="Handschriftencensus"/> However, as [[Jay Acutt]] points out, it does bear a certain resemblance to the syllabus of the [[Marxbrüder]] fencing guild as described by [[Hans Sachs]].<ref>[[James Acutt]]. [http://paleo.eskirmology.co.uk/best-7020-fechtbuch/ "The Fight-Lore of the Long Sword From the Kölner Fechtbuch (MS Best.7020)".] ''Paleoeskirmology Historical Combat Systems''. Retrieved 24 June 2012.</ref>
  
 
== Provenance ==
 
== Provenance ==
  
The known provenance of the MS Bestand 7020 (W*)150 is:
+
The known provenance of the MS Best. 7020 (W*)150 is:
  
 
* Created in ca. 1500<ref name="Handschriftencensus"/> by an anonymous scribe; the dialect of German used in the text ([[wikipedia:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]) suggests an origin in Cologne, Germany.<ref>''Handschriftencensus Rheinland. Erfassung mittelalterlicher Handschriften im rheinischen Landesteil von Nordrhein-Westfalen mit einem Inventar''. Ed. Günter Gattermann. 1993. Vol. 2, pp. 1319f. (Nr. 2488)</ref>
 
* Created in ca. 1500<ref name="Handschriftencensus"/> by an anonymous scribe; the dialect of German used in the text ([[wikipedia:Ripuarian language|Ripuarian]]) suggests an origin in Cologne, Germany.<ref>''Handschriftencensus Rheinland. Erfassung mittelalterlicher Handschriften im rheinischen Landesteil von Nordrhein-Westfalen mit einem Inventar''. Ed. Günter Gattermann. 1993. Vol. 2, pp. 1319f. (Nr. 2488)</ref>
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| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
 
   | title = Metallurgical recipe
 
   | title = Metallurgical recipe
   | width = 84em
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   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
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! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|m}}</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|m}}</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
 
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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! 2r - 8r
 
! 2r - 8r
 
| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
   | title = Anonymous long sword devices
+
   | title = Anonymous long sword pieces
   | width = 84em
+
   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>'''Here begins the text and recital of the long sword. Firstly, make good position<ref>pose,stance</ref> and stretch your arms free. Whatever you then fence, prepare yourself thusly.</p>
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Here begins the text and curriculum of the long sword. First, make good footing and stretch your arms free. Whatever you then fence, this sets it up.}}</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png|1|lbl=02r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png|1|lbl=02r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 01.png|200px|center]]
| <p>Item. Understand the .5. hews as so: The over-hew from the right shoulder with the long edge and make [a] positioning with your left foot. Also similarly, the left over-hew make position with the right foot and hew with the long edge plunging through your opponent’s head, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Understand the 5. cuts like this: The descending cut from the right shoulder with the long edge and take position with your left foot. The left descending cut is also the same; take position with the right foot and cut through the head with the long edge in the plunge.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. Hew again around through to his head in the squint<ref>‘Schielen II’, oblique, like a schielhau. alt: shield. alt: dishonestly. alt: scoldingly</ref>and around again through his head in the plunge<ref>Two cuts, first with the back edge like a schielhau, the second with the back edge like the stürtzhau</ref> and lay the sword upon your back, allow it to sink to the right side. Sweep out<ref> Auskehren</ref> your pommel against your opponent and your point behind, thus you arrive in the right middle-hew. Hew before yourself, around the head into the left middle-hew and again around into the head into the right changer with the long edge down. [Hew] with the short edge up around the head into the left change. These are the four hews. One shall learn each if they otherwise wish to fence properly, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Cut back around through their head into the schylt<ref>schylt: 1)shield. 2) to push off with an oar. a rudder pole. 3)shaved or peeled</ref> and back through in the opposite direction into the plunge and lay the sword upon your back, allow it to sink to the right side. Turn your pommel against your opponent and your point out behind, so that you arrive in the right middle cut. Cut in front of yourself, across the head into the left middle cut and back across into the head into the right changer with the long edge down. [Cut] with the short edge up around the head into the left change. These are the 5. cuts. One shall learn each if you otherwise wish to fence properly.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02v.png|1|lbl=02v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02v.png|1|lbl=02v|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="4" | [[File:MS Best.7020 W-150 02v.png|300px|center]]
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 02.png|300px|center]]
| <p>'''Item. The text and gloss follows hereafter [on how] one shall hew.'''</p>
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Likewise: The text and gloss follows hereafter [on how] one shall cut.}}</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Likewise: One shall cut according to these figures, all cuts through the face with outstretched arms and make good footing in all things, so you do not make yourself mess up.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. One shall hew according to these figures, all hews through the face with outstretched arms and make good position in all things, so you do not doubt yourself.</p>
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 03.png|200px|center]]
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 02v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| <p>Likewise: The curriculum of the longsword follows hereafter.</p>
  
|-
+
<p>Whatever you wish to execute strongly,<br/>Fence that with your entire body.<br/>Both low and high,<br/>Execute the two things strongly, that I will praise.</p>
| <p>Item. The recital of the longsword follows hereafter.</p>
 
 
 
<p>''Whatever you wish to deploy strongly,<br/>Fence that with your entire body,<br/>Both under and over.<br/>Execute the two things strongly, that I will praise.''</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|1|lbl=03r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|1|lbl=03r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>''Item. If you frighten easily,<br/>Do not learn any fencing.''</p>
+
|
 +
| <p>Likewise: If you frighten easily,<br/>do not learn to fence.</p>
  
 
<p>Whoever wishes to fence, they shall have a heart of a lion and shall also see as sharply as a falcon and shall also be as agile as a bird.<ref>A proverb similar to the one also found in Kal (Cgm 1507, 6r)</ref></p>
 
<p>Whoever wishes to fence, they shall have a heart of a lion and shall also see as sharply as a falcon and shall also be as agile as a bird.<ref>A proverb similar to the one also found in Kal (Cgm 1507, 6r)</ref></p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. Understand the four openings in the sword thusly: The two over-openings on the head, the other two under-openings to both sides below the arms.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Understand the four openings in the context of the sword like this: The two high openings upon the head, the other two low openings to both sides below the arms.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. Also understand the four liers thusly: Lay your sword upon the right shoulder and set your body<ref>alt: lift. lyff is a variant spelling of lupf/luft, lauf and leib. Lupf is a quick starting movement. Luft is a lift. Leib is a body. Lauf is a run.</ref> in the scales with good position, Also similarly is the left over-lier, place your right foot forward.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Also understand the four positions like this: Position your sword upon the right shoulder and place your body in balance with good footing, The left high position is also the same, place your right foot forward.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Understand the right under-lier thusly: place your left foot forward and lay the sword with the hilt upon the right leg, the point against the face of the opponent. Also similarly the left under-lier: turn the point of the sword against the face of the opponent.</p>
+
| <p>Understand the right low position like this: place your left foot forward and position the sword with the hilt upon the right leg, the point against the face of the opponent. Also similarly the lower left position: turn the point of the sword toward the face of the opponent.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|1|lbl=03v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|1|lbl=03v|p=1}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. Understand the four bindings-on in the sword thusly: Bind-on him with the short edge upon the left over-opening, tread forward and bind him with the long edge upon the right over-opening, tread forward and strike toward the left under-opening with the short edge and tread forward and strike toward the right under-opening with the flat.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Understand the four bind ups in the sword like this: Bind up against their left high opening with the short edge, lunge forward and bind up against their right high opening with the long edge, lunge forward and strike at the lower left opening and lunge forward and strike at the lower right opening with the flat.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. One play called the wing.<ref>The Wing Hew in accordance with Hans Sach’s account, flügel; appears in Pauernfeindt; '''“Wing [La Noble Science des Ioueurs Despee (1538): ‘Of the Flight’]''' Wing is taken from the High Guard or High Point, then initially strike from the Day to the left ear, then another from below whilst treading your left side, the thirdly strike backwards at the head.” Interestingly however, Duëz’s '''Französische Grammatica''' mentions on p531 that the translation of “l’epaule, le Flanc” in French is “der Flügel/der Streich”.</ref> Bind him above with the short edge and strike him toward the right under-opening with the long edge and quickly with the short edge toward the over-opening and hew through from the man into the left under-lier.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play called the wing. Bind them up high with the short edge and strike with the long edge at their lower right opening and immediately with the short edge at the high opening and cut through off the opponent into the lower left position.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. One play called the enticement<ref>gamble, entice, pull to and fro</ref>. Act as if you wish to bind-on him right and bind-on him left and act as if you wish to bind-on him left and bind-on him right and hew yourself from the man strongly with the long edge into the left under-lier so that you are not to be found open.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play called the enticement. Act as if you wish to bind them up on the right and bind them up on the left and act as if you wish to bind them up on the left and bind them up on the right and cut strongly from the opponent with the long edge into the lower left position if you can't find them open.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|1|lbl=04r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|1|lbl=04r|p=1}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. One play is called the changing-through. Freely from both sides, so that you make the opponent fully baited<ref>beiten: abide. In this sense to trick someone into buying a feint.</ref> and hew freely from one opening to another with stepping, so that [you] may freely wander.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play is called the changing-through. Free up from both sides, so that you make the opponent entirely unsure and cut freely with stepping from one opening to another, so as to make it wander at will.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. One play is called the Iron Gate. Lay yourself in the left under-lier and let your point sink to the ground and hew the wing and sweep forward from the right side in the squint<ref>obliquely, alt: shield</ref> and from the left side again in the plunge, thus you come into the alley-hew from the iron gate.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play is called the Iron Gate. Position yourself in the lower left position and let your point sink to the ground and cut the wing and strike out from the right side into the schylt and from the left side again into the plunge, so that you go from the iron gate to the alley-cut.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 04.png|200px|center]]
| <p>Item. One play is called the plow. Understand the plow thusly: Wind out from the right lier into the left and from the left again into the right, so that you see what the opponent wishes to deploy upon you or if he thrusts, you can break him.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play is called the plow. Understand the plow like this: turn from the right position into the left and from the left again into the right, so that you see what the opponent wishes to drive upon you or if they thrust, you can break them.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|1|lbl=04v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|1|lbl=04v|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 05.png|200px|center]]
| <p>Item. One play called the fool. Understand the fool thusly:  Turn the point in the air and hold the shield<ref>alt: squint. Schilt is used as squint elsewhere in this document.</ref> before the head. Whatever the opponent strikes from-the-day,<ref>vom tag</ref> one can break with it.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play is called the fool. Understand the fool like this:  Turn the point in the air and hold the shield before the head. Whatever the opponent strikes from-the-day, one can break with this.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. One play named the squinter. Understand the squinter thusly: Squint left and slash right and squint left and slash left. Thus, you confound the opponent with a face of joy<ref>exhileration, intent</ref> he does not see.<ref>understand, perceive</ref></p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play named the eye-cocker. Understand the eye-cocker like this: Cock an eye left and slash right and cock an eye right and slash left. In this way you confound the opponent with an unengaged face they cannot read.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 06.png|200px|center]]
| <p>Item. One play called the clanger. Understand the clanger thusly: Clang once, twice, thrice upon his edge so that you may find him open.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play called the clanger. Understand the clanger like this: Clang once, twice, thrice upon the opponent's edge so you may find their opening.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. One play called the inverter. Understand the inverter thusly: Lay your sword before your head. Allow your point to sink down behind and turn it to the right side and to the left quickly from one to the other so that he cannot hold himself before you. If you attempt to find him open quite quickly, then the inverter is correct, etc.<ref>A similar description appears in Meyer, 1.19v.1 (Forgeng 2006, 64)</ref></p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play called the inverter. Understand the inverter like this: Position your sword in front of your head. Let your point sink down behind and turn it to the right side and to the left, flittering from one to the other so they cannot protect themselves from you. If you can quite promptly find an opening, then the inverter is correct.<ref>A similar description appears in Meyer, 1.19v.1 (Forgeng 2006, 64)</ref></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05r.png|1|lbl=05r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05r.png|1|lbl=05r|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 07.png|200px|center]]
| <p>Item. One play called the ox<ref>alt: armpit</ref>. Understand the oxen thusly: Set the pommel upon the chest, the point against the opponent’s face and press<ref>alt: penetrate</ref> strongly into him and hew in the winger and quickly from the right side in the squint. Slash from the squint to the left over-opening and disappear<ref>alt: retreat, recede, vanish</ref> to the right, so that he must displace or become struck hard, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play called the ox. Understand the ox like this: Set the pommel against your chest, the point towards the opponent’s face and strongly and violently launch into them and cut into the winger and fly from the right side into the schylt. From the schylt, slash toward the upper left opening and swerve to the right, so that they must either parry or be struck hard.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 08.png|200px|center]]
| <p>Item. One play called the speaking window. Understand the speaking window thusly: Make a wind in front of the head, such that your arms are crosswise, so there-between you discern whatever the opponent wishes to deploy and deliver quite great sweeps thereafter. From the speaking window you can strike him to both sides, left or right, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play called the speaking window. Understand the speaking window like this: Make a wind in front of the head, such that your arms are crosswise, so that you discern whatever the opponent wishes to execute between them and execute quite great sweeps thereafter. From the speaking window you can strike them on both sides, left or right.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|1|lbl=05v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|1|lbl=05v|p=1}}
Line 216: Line 219:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item a break coming out of the speaking window. When your opponent strikes you strongly, fall with the short edge before his blade, shove his sword away, thus you uncover his head, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: A break comes from the speaking window. If your opponent strikes strongly at your head, fall in front of their blade with your short edge, shove their sword away, so that you uncover their head.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A play called the golden-hews. Act as if you wish bind-on him right and bind-on him left. Strike him two or three strike after each other toward his right over-opening, thus are the golden-hews correct, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the golden cuts. Act as if you wish bind the opponent up on the right and bind them up on the left, strike for their upper right opening two or three times, one after the other, in this way the golden cut is correct.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A break for the golden hews. When you see that someone wishes to break the golden hews, strike him with the short edge upon his left over-opening. Whatever he then strikes, you can displace and tread backwards and hew yourself through in the plunge from the opponent with the golden hews and place yourself in the left under-lier, thus you are again prepared, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: A break for the golden cuts. When you see that the opponent wishes to use the golden cut, strike against their upper left opening with your short edge. Whatever they then strike, you can parry and lunge back and with the golden cuts, cut through into the plunge from the opponent and lay yourself in the lower left position, so that you are again prepared.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|1|lbl=06r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|1|lbl=06r|p=1}}
Line 232: Line 235:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. One play called the triangle. Understand the triangle thusly: Lay yourself in the right changer and step with the right foot upon his right side and shove his sword up with the short edge and spring behind him with your left foot so you find him open on the head, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: One play called the triangle. Understand the triangle like this: Position yourself in the right changer and step to the opponent's right side with your right foot and shove their sword up with your short edge and dart behind them with your left foot so that you find their head open.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A break for the triangle. when you see that one wishes to break the triangle, lay in the squint<ref>alt: shield</ref> and tread backwards and displace it with the golden displacement, strike to the nearest front opening of his, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: A break for the triangle. when you see that the opponent wishes to use the triangle, lay in the schylt and step back and parry it with the golden parrying, strike at their nearest availble opening.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. The crooked-binding-on. Understand the crooked-binding-on thusly: Act as you wish to bind-on him right and bind-on him with the long edge left and yank as if you wish to bind-on right and remain on the same side. Strike to the right over-opening with the short edge, disappear to the left and hew yourself upon [him] with the golden hews so that he cannot free himself, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: The crooked bind up. Understand the crooked bind up like this: Act as if you wish to bind them up on the right and bind them up  on the left with the long edge and suddenly disengage as if you wish to bind up on the right but remain on the same side, strike at their upper right opening with your short edge, swerve to the left and sunder them with the golden cuts so that they do not rally themselves.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06v.png|1|lbl=06v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06v.png|1|lbl=06v|p=1}}
Line 248: Line 251:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
|  
+
| <p>Likewise: {{red|b=1|Whoever waits upon another’s cuts,<br/>They permit their Art no agency.<br/>Sunder from high whatever you wish<br/>No changer comes into the shield<br/>To the head, to the body<br/>Do not omit the exit.<br/>Alas, I say to you truthfully<br/>No man is without danger.<br/>If you frighten easily<br/>Never learn to fence<br/>There is no better parrying<br/>Than the one performed with sweeps.}}</p>
<p>Item. Whoever waits upon another’s hews,<br/>
 
The permit their Art no joy.<br/>
 
Hew-upon above whatever you wish<br/>
 
No changer arrives in the shield<br/>
 
To the head, to the body<br/>
 
Do not omit the pull<ref>withdrawal</ref><br/>
 
Alas, I say to you truthfully<br/>
 
No man is without danger.<br/>
 
If you frighten easily<br/>
 
Never learn to fence<br/>
 
There is no better displacement<br/>
 
Than the one done with the strikes<ref>sweeps</ref>.</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A sword taking. Understand it thusly: Bind-on upon the opponent above and with the left hand grab into his hilt onto his arm with a inverted hand and move [it] towards you, so that you take the sword from him, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: A sword taking. Understand it like this: Act as if you wish to bind up your opponent high and grab out onto their arm with your left hand [and] inside their hilt with an inverted hand and pull towards yourself, so that you take their sword.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|1|lbl=07r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 06v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|1|lbl=07r|p=1}}
Line 271: Line 262:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. Another sword taking. Understand it thusly: Act as if you wish to bind-on him strongly and fall upon him with the hilt over his blade and move [him] with the left hand on his hilt strongly into you, so that you take his sword and stand in the struggle, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Another sword taking. Understand it like this: Act as if you wish to bind them up strongly and fall upon them with the hilt over their edge and with the left hand upon their hilt, pull strongly towards yourself, so that you take their sword and stand ready for combat.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A free play. How one shall throw the opponent in the sword. Understand it thusly: Bind-on him strongly above and grab him on his right elbow with your left hand, shove him by his face strongly upwards, thus you throw him upon his back, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: A free play on how one shall throw their opponent in the context of the sword. Understand it like this: Bind them up strongly from above and grasp their right elbow with your left hand, thrust up strongly into their face, so that you throw them upon their back.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. When you wish to smite your opponent upon the head, act as if you wish to bind-on strongly and grap amidst his hilt with your left hand and back [him] strongly to you, so that you make his head open, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: When you wish to smite your opponent upon the head, act as if you wish to bind strongly and grab in the middle of their hilt with your left hand and pull strongly toward yourself, so that you can uncover their head.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|1|lbl=07v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|1|lbl=07v|p=1}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A running-over in the sword as you shall throw the opponent. Understand it thusly: Act as if you wish to bind-on right and bind-on him crooked. Wind upon his blade with the short edge. Grab onto the blade with your left hand, lay the sword upon his neck and tread with your left foot behind his left, move him strongly to you, so that he must fall, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: An overrunning in the context of the sword. How you shall throw the opponent. Understand it like this: Act as if you wish to bind up on the right and bind them up crossed. Wind against their blade with the short edge. Grab your blade with your left hand, lay the sword upon their neck and step with your left foot behind their left, drag them strongly toward yourself, so that they must fall.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A running-under in the sword. Understand it thusly: Act as if you wish to bind-on above and shove his hilt over itself with the cross, so that you grab him with that or whatever you may take hold of, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: An underrunning in the context of the sword. Understand it like this: Act as if you wish to bind up high and shove their hilt over itself by the cross, so that you sieze it right there or however you are able to tie it up.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. Weak and strong, short and long the entire art is of one origin. Thereupon firmly embrace: All art has length, measure, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Weak and strong, short and long is the singular origin of all art. Thereupon you hold all Art holds distance, measure.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 08r.png|1|lbl=08r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 08r.png|1|lbl=08r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. Weak and strong. Understand it thusly: High near the point is the weak and the midpart of the blade is the strong, that you shall drive well with the short edge, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: Weak and strong. Understand it like this: Up by the point is the weak and the midpart of the blade is the Strong which you shall execute sharply with the short edge.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|4|lbl=07v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png|4|lbl=07v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>Item. A play called the lion. Understand it thusly: Set yourself in the scales and with your head not too high, hew from the four points<ref>alt: corners, angles, extremities, spots, places</ref><ref>Meyer: "Dann je ein Man an deren vier orten einer / von wegen entdeckter Blösse getroffen / oder hinwider zuverhütung dessen / sich in die Hut oder versatzung muß legen." => "For verily a man is struck upon one of these four points, by way of discovered openings or else the counter protection of which [they] must position themselves in the guard or parrying"</ref> with strength, so you have made the lion and if you are before another, and is good before the other two in the confrontation, etc.</p>
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the lion. Understand it like this: Set yourself in balance and with your head not too high, cut from the four quarters with strength, so you have the spirit of a lion and is good in front of another two in the fight.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 08r.png|2|lbl=08r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 08r.png|2|lbl=08r}}
  
Line 316: Line 307:
 
! 10v - 12r
 
! 10v - 12r
 
| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
   | title = Anonymous wrestling devices
+
   | title = Anonymous wrestling pieces
   | width = 84em
+
   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Item: Hereafter follows the wrestling.'''
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Likewise: Wrestling follows herafter.}}</p>
When you wish to wrestle, then set your body in the scales and make good position. If he grabs you low or high, then you can it with these following written plays, etc.
+
 
| '''[10v]''' <u><span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem hy na volgt das <span style="color:#A40000">R</span>yngen.</u>
+
<p>When you wish to wrestle, set your body in balance and make good footing. When the opponent grabs you low or high, you can break it according to following plays.</p>
<span style="color:#A40000">W</span>an du wylt ryngen so setz dyn lyb yn de wage vnd mach guytten bossen er gryff dych neder ader hoech so kanstu es yme brechen myt desen nach geschryffen stucken:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 10v.png|1|lbl=10v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: four weaks and 4 strongs, understand them thusly. On both elbows and on both knees, there the opponent is weak and strong on the elbow by the knuckle[sic]. The back of the knee, these are the weaks[sic] and in front of the knee and in front of the elbow, these are the strongs, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Four weaks and IIII strongs. Understand it like this: On both elbows and on both knees, there the opponent is weak and strong. On the elbow by the cap and the back of the knee, these are the weaks and in front of the knee and in front of the elbow, these are the strongs.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem vyer <u>swech vnd</u> iiij sterck dy vernym also an beyden elbogen vnd an beyden kneen da yst der man swach vnd starck an dem elbogen by den knuchell. hynden an dem knee bogen das synt de swech vnd vur dem knee vnd vur den elbogen das synt dy sterck:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 10v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: If an opponent grabs at you with his right hand for your over weak, then grab around his arms with your left hand and back him into you with the right hand on the under weak so you throw him hard or soft, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: If an opponent reaches for your upper weak with their right hand, then reach around their arms with your left hand and pull them into you by their lower weak with your right hand so you throw them hard or soft.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem gryfft eyn man zo dyr myt syner rechter hant na der ouer swech so vmb gryff yme sinen arm myt der lincker hant vnd myt der rechter hant an dy vnder swech ruck yn zo dyr so wyrffs du yn hart ader weych:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 10v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: The same for the left. If the opponent grabs at you with the left hand for your over weak, then grab around him with the right hand around his left arm and back him into you with the left hand [on] the under weak, so you throw him as before, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: The same goes for the left. If the opponent reaches for your upper weak with their left hand, then reach around their left arm with your right hand and pull them into you with your left hand by the under weak, so you throw them as before.</p>
| '''[11r]''' <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem des gelychen das linck. gryfft eyner zo dyr myt der lincker hant na dyner ouer swech so vmb gryff yn myt der rechter hant synen lincken armvnd myt der lincker hant dy vnder swech ruck yn zo dyr so wyrffs du yn we vur:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11r.png|1|lbl=11r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: A free play from the little weak. If an opponent grabs you on the left shoulder, then take him by the little weak with your right hand and with your left hand by the other weak, quickly shove his hand into his belly, so you throw him or the arm must break, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A free play about the little weak. If an opponent grabs you by the left shoulder, then take them by the little weak with your right hand and with your left hand by the other weak, quickly shove their hand into their belly, so that you either throw them or their arm must break.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn fry stuck vß der kleynner swech. gryfft dyr eyn man vff dyn <del>rechter</del> lincke achsell so nym yn mit dyner rechter hant mit der kleyner swech vnd myt diner lincker hant by der anderenn swech stoes yme syne hant zom buch zo so wyrffs du yn ader der arm moeß brechen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: In all wrestling grab the opponent with short fingers.
+
| <p>Likewise: In all wrestling grab the opponent with short fingers.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem in allen Ryngen gryff eynen man myt kurtzen fyngern.
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: If a strong opponent has grabbed you in the middle weak, then grab around the nearest weak with your right arm and sink yourself and grab with the other hand for the little weak. Yank the left foot back, so you throw him to the ground or the arm must break, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: If a strong opponent has grabbed you in your middle weak, then grab around the nearest weak with your right arm and sink yourself and reach for their little weak with the other hand. Yank the left foot back, so you throw them to the ground or their arm must break.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem <del>a</del>ls dych eyn starck man gegryffen hayt ynder myttell swech so vmb gryff ym deine nechste swech myt dym rechten arm vnd senck dych vnd '''[11v]''' gryff myt der anderen hant na de klyner swech zuck den lincken voyß zoruck so wyrffs du yn zo der erden ader der arm moeß brechen :-
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11v.png|1|lbl=11v|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: If you wrestle an opponent and they are stronger than you [and] he grabs for you with one hand, then grab him with the over middle weak, shove him from you and grab him by the left under weak with the inverted hand and set the elbow in theheart's-keel, back him and shove him each other, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: If you wrestle an opponent and they are stronger than you [and] they reach for you with one hand, then grab them by the upper middle weak, shove them away from you and grab them by the left lower weak with the inverted hand and set the elbow in their heart's keel, pushing and pulling with one another.</p>
| Item <u>so du myt eynem</u> ryngen salt der starcker ist dan du myt eyner hant gryfft er na dyr so gryff yn mit der ober myttell swech stoeß yn van dyr vnd gryff yn myt der verkeyrder hant by der lincken vnder swech vnd setz ym den elbogen yn dat hertz kuyll ruck yn vnd stoeß yn myt eyn ander:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: Wrestling from the forks. Place yourself in the fork, if the opponent grabs at you with the right hand for an under weak, then hold him there with the forks and back him into you so he must fall or the arm must break, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Wrestling from the forks. Place yourself in the fork, if the opponent reaches for an lower weak with their right hand, then hold them there with the forks and pull them into you so they must either fall or their arm must break.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem ryngen vß der Gabelen. stell dych in dy gabell gryfft eyn myt der rechter hant zo dyr na eyner vnder swech so sytz ym dar vff myt der gabelen vnd ruck yn Zo dyr so moeß er vallenader der arm moeß brechen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: Also the same. If he grabs you for the under weak with the left hand, hold him there with an inverted fork, move him into you so he must fall or the arm must break, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Also the same. If they reach for your lower weak with their left hand, hold them there with a reverse fork, pulling them into you so they must either fall or their arm must break.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem des <u>gelychen yst auch</u>. gryfft er dyr myt der '''[12r]''' lincker hant na der vnder swech sytz ym dar vff myt verkerder <del>hant</del> gabelen ruck yn zo dyr so moeß her vallen ader der arm moeß brechen:-
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 11v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 12r.png|1|lbl=12r|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 09.png|200px|center]]
| Item: Whoever can make his art measured and it unforgotten [to himself] and holds his sword up high, they are good against four others in conflict, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Whoever can make their art measured and not forget it and holds their sword in the air, they are good against four others in conflict.</p>
| <u><span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem wer macht syn</u> konst gemessen. vnd dy vnuergessen.vnd helt syn swert yn hoyt. der yst vur ander .iij. ym streydt guett:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 12r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 388: Line 381:
 
! 13r - 16v
 
! 13r - 16v
 
| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
   | title = Anonymous Messer devices
+
   | title = Anonymous Messer pieces
   | width = 84em
+
   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Item. Hereafter follows the knightly art in the messer, etc.'''
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Likewise: Hereafter follows the knightly art in the messer.}}</p>
Item. The .f. hews. You shall hew freely through the face of the man and you shall not forget the four openings, etc.
+
 
| '''[13r]''' <u><span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem hy volget nach dy ritterliche konst ym messer:-</u>
+
<p>Likewise: The 5 cuts. You shall cut freely through the face of the opponent and you shall not forget the four openings.</p>
<span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem dy .<span style="color:#A40000">v</span>. hewe solstu hewen fry dem man durch das gesycht vnd der vier bloyß solstu nyt vergeßen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 13r.png|1|lbl=13r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| The over-hews hew from the right shoulder. The other from the left. Tread forwards and hew through into the long the stab. Lay<ref>There is a verb lechen which means: 'to lift up/draw back something spent, collect retrieve, etc' which is used a few times. look for 'lech' in the transcription.</ref>  the messer upon the back and tread forwards and hew in bowed and lay the messer again upon the back and hew again into the long stab and double out behind and stab in bowed with both feet forward and hew the left side forwards into the long stab. These are the five hews in the messer that one shall learn each correctly, if the others will be fenced correctly, etc. Thus strongly, etc.
+
| <p>Cut the descending cuts. Cut from the right shoulder. Cut the second from the left. Lunge forwards and cut through into the long thrust. Lay the messer onto your back and lunge forwards and cut into the bow and lay the messer again onto your back and cut again into the long thrust and double out behind and thrust forwards into the bow by both feet and cut forwards into the long thrust [missing preposition] the left side. These are the five cuts in the messer that one shall learn each correctly, if the others will be fenced correctly. </p>
| den ouer hewe hew van der rechten ascheln. Den ander van der linckenn. tryt vort vnd hewe durch yn den langen stych lech das messer vff den ruck vnd tryt vort vnd hewe yn bogell vnd lech das messer vydder vff den ruck vnd hewe vidder yn langen stych vnd dobellere hynder vß vnd stich by beyden voyßen vur yn bogell vnd hewe der linckenn syten vur yn den langen stych. das synt dy vunff hewe ym messer dy eyn yckelicher recht leren sallder anders recht vechten wyll:- das do starck:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 13r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <poem>Item. Whatever you wish to deploy strongly,
+
| <p>'''Thus strongly.'''</p>
Fence that with the entire body,
+
 
Both below and above,
+
<p>Likewise: Whatever you wish to execute strongly<br/>Fence that with the entire body.<br/>Both below and above<br/>Hit the two things strongly, that I will laud.</p>
Hit the two things strongly, that I will laud, etc.<ref>Liechtenauerian verse, non-attributed. Repeated from 3r.</ref></poem>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 13r.png|3|lbl=-}}
| <poem><span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem was du starck wyls dryben
 
das fecht mit gantzem lybe
 
beyde vnder vnd ouen
 
dy zwey dynck dryff starck das wyll ych louenn:-</poem>
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. Understand the four liers thusly: Set your body<ref>alt: lift. lyff is a variant spelling of lupf/luft, lauf and leib. Lupf is a quick starting movement. Luft is a lift. Leib is a body. Lauf is a run.</ref> from four points<ref>alt: corners, angles, extremities, spots, places</ref> in the scales. Take the messer upon the right shoulder and set the left foot forward in position. Whatever one cuts or thrusts, so that you can break it, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Understand the four positions like this: Set the four quarters of your body in balance. Take the messer onto the right shoulder and set the left foot forward in position<ref>this is not referencing the four positions, rather it is about posture and footing</ref>. Whatever one cuts or thrusts, you can break it.</p>
| '''[13v]''' <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem dy <u>veyr leger vernym</u> also. setz dyn lyff<sup> vß </sup>vyer orten yn dy wage Nym das meßer vff dy rechte schulder vnd setz den lincken voyß vur yn bossen was der man slecht ader stycht das kanstu ym brechen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 13v.png|1|lbl=13v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 10.png|200px|center]]
| Item. The left over-lier is also the same. Lay the messer upon the left shoulder and place the right foot forward in position, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: The high left position is similar to this. Lay the messer on your left shoulder and put your right foot forwards in position.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem des glychen yst auch das linck ouerleger lege das meßer vff dy linck aschel vnd stelle den recht voyß vur yn boßenn:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 13v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 11.png|200px|center]]
| Item. Understand the right under-lier thusly: Place the left foot forward in position and lay the messer upon you right leg, the point against the face of the man, so that you see whatever he will deploy, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Understand the lower right position like this: Put the left foot forward in position and lay the messer on your right leg, the point towards the face of the opponent, then look upon whatever they will execute.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem das recht vnder leger vernym also stell den lincken voyß vur yn boßen vnd lech das meßer vff das rechte beyn den ort dem man gegen das gesycht so sychstu was er dryben wyll:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 13v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. The left under-lier is also the same. Set the pommel upon the left leg, the point against the face of the man. Whatever one cuts or thrusts, so that you can break it and make good position thus are you prepared and no one can find you open, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: The lower left position is similar to this. Set the pommel upon the left leg, the point towards the face of the opponent. Whatever they cut or thrust, you can break that and make good footing so that are you prepared and no one can find an opening of yours.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem des glychen yst auch das linck vnder leger setzden knauff vff das lincke beyn den ort dem man gegen das gesycht was er sleycht ader stycht das kanstu ym brechen vnd mach gut bossenn so bystu ge-wapent vnd dich kan keyn man bloyß vynden:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 13v.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. Hereafter follows the four openings. Understand the four openings thusly: The over-opening, on the head; the under-opening, by the forward foot; the right-opening, outside the hand, the fourth opening inside the hand. These are the four proper openings that every fencer shall strike, if they will otherwise wish to fence correctly, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Hereafter follows the four openings. Understand the four openings like this: The upper opening, on the head; the lower opening, by the front foot; the right opening, outside the hand, the fourth opening inside the hand. These are the four proper openings that every fencer shall strike, if they otherwise wish to fence correctly.</p>
| '''[14r]''' <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem <u>hyr nach volget dy vyer</u> bloyß. dy vyer bloyß vernym also dy ouer bloyß am heupt dy vnder bloyß by dem vordern voyß dy rechte bloyß vß wyck an der hant dy vyerde bloyß ym wyck an der hant. das syntdy vyer rechte bloyß dar nach eyn ycklyger fechter slayn sall der anders recht fechten wyll:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14r.png|1|lbl=14r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. If you wish to freely wander, then cut from one opening to the other, so that he must displace or become struck, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: If you wish to move freely, then cut from one opening to the other, so that they must parry or become struck.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem wyltu frolych wandern so slach van eyner bloyß zo der andern so moyß er versetzen ader wyrt geslagen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A good play from the right over-lier. If someone strikes-in correctly to your right over-opening, then displace him from the bow and then strike for his outer opening, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A good play from the upper right position. If the opponent strikes for your upper right opening from the right, then parry them from the bow and then strike for their outside opening.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn gŭt stŭck vß dem rechten oŭerleger, sleyt / eyn man dyr recht nach dyner rechten oŭerbloyß / so versetz ym vß dem bogell vnd dan slach ym na / der vßer bloyß:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play from the left over-lier. If the opponent strikes the wrath-hew at your displacment, then displace him with the long-stab and cut him through the face to the inside-opening, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play from the upper left position. If the opponent strikes-in toward you with the wrath-cut, then parry them with the long thrust and strike them through the face to the inside opening.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stŭck vß dem lincken oŭerleger, sleyt eyn man na dyr versatzŭnng dem zorn hewe. so versetz ym myt dem langen stych vnd slach ym dŭrch das gesycht nach ynwynicher bloyß:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play from the right under-lier. If the opponent stabs the wrath-stab into you, shove him off with the hanging-point and cut one, two or three strikes to his nearest opening, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play from the lower right position. If the opponent thrusts the wrath thrust into you, shove them aside with the hanging-point and make one, two or three strikes to their nearest opening.</p>
| '''[14v]''' <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck vß dem <u>rechten vnder</u> leger, stycht derman den zorn stych zo dyr, stoyß ym abe myt hangenden ort vnd slach ym nach der nechsten bloyß eyn streych zween ader dry:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14v.png|1|lbl=14v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play from the left under-lier. If someone strikes-in into you, then displace him with the bow and cut to the nearest outside-opening, so he must flee or become struck, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play from the lower left position. If the opponent strikes at you, then parry them with the bow and cut to the nearest outside-opening, so they must flee or become struck.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck vß dem linck vnder leger. sleyt eyn man zo dyr so versetz ym myt dem bogell vnd slach ym nach der nechsten vsenbloyß so moyß er wychen ader wyrt geslagen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play called the alley-hew. If you see one or two stand before you, then freely hew from the right side and fresh off from the left, as freely [as can be] from one into the other, so they must flee or become struck, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the alley-cut. If you see one or two stand before you, then freely cut from the right side and renew from the left, freely as well from one into the other, so they must flee or become struck.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck heyst der <u>gaßen hewer</u> sychstu eyn ader zween vur dyr staen so hew fry v§ der rechtersyten vnd frysch vff vß der lincken als fry van eym ynden andern so moyßen sy wychen ader verdenn geslagen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A good play. When you fence with someone, should they be low, break the long-stab at his face strongly 2, 3 or 4 times and cut him to the next opening. Thus you have him how you yourself wishes, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A good play. When you fence with someone, should they be low, use the long thrust to the face strongly 2, 3 or 4 times and cut them to the next opening. Thus you have them how you yourself wish.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn gut stuck wan <u>du myt eym fechten</u> sulß der nidich yst, bruch den langen stych na sym gesycht starck ij. iij ader iiij mael vnd slach ym nach der '''[15r]''' nechster bloyß so hastu yn wy du seluer wyls:-
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 14v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png|1|lbl=15r|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play called the misplaced foot. Break it with insight if you wish to win the prize, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the misplaced foot. Use it with insight if you wish to win the prize.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem<sup> eyn </sup>stuck heyst der <u>verstell voyß</u> den bruch myt synnen wyltu pryß gewynnen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play called the little wheel. Break the wing-hews 4 times in one play.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the little wheel. Use wing-cuts 4 times in one play.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck heyst das <u>retlyn bruch</u> den flogellhawe iiij mayl an eym stuck:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A break for the unicorn. As you see that someone, they break the unicorn, then break the wing-hew, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A break for the unicorn. As you see that someone, who is about to use the unicorn, then use the wing-cut.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn bruch vuer den <u>eynhorn</u> als du sychs das eyner der eyner den eynhorn brucht so bruch den flogell hew:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play from the oxen.<ref>alt: armpit. It is clear here that there is a pun between ocksen and uchsen. The same word is being used in two ways in this manuscript.</ref> Jab the point strongly against face of the man and cut him with the wing-hew under his right oxen, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: An ox play. Jab the point strongly towards the face of the opponent and cut them with the wing-cut under their right ox.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck vß dem <u>ocksen</u> stoeß den ort dem man starck gegen das gesycht vnd slach yn mit dem flogell hew vnder syn rechten ockßen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item a break for the same wing-hew. If you see the wing-hew broken, yank the right foot behind you and cut him to the outer-opening, etc.
+
| <p>Item a break for the same wing-cut. If you see the wing-cut [will be]<ref>see parallell usage below in the triangle play</ref> used, yank the right foot behind you and cut toward their outside opening.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn <del>stuck</del> bruch vuer den seluigen flogell hew so du sicht den flogell hew bruchen. zuck denn rechten voyß hynder dych vnd slach ym nach der vßer bloyß:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png|6|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play called the plow. Drive the plow from both sides and do not hesitate. Separate with steps and furiously work him from one opening to the other, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the plow. Drive the plow from both sides and do not hesitate. Step and work together, swerving from one opening to the other.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck ym <u>ployg</u>. fuer den plogg van bey'''[15v]'''den syten vnd suem dych nyt. myt<sup> schryden </sup>scheyd vnd arbeyde ym swynde van eyner bloeß zo der andern:-
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15v.png|1|lbl=15v|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play called the blooming removal. Bind the messer upon the right side and yank-out with an inverted hand and hew for the outer-opening, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the Bröße<ref>Bröße: Brosche. A long straight awl or spike.</ref> withdrawal. Bind the messer on the right side and yank it out with an inverted hand and cut to the outside opening.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck heyst <u>der brozße vß zuch</u> bint das meßer vff dy rechte syt vnd zuch vß myt verkerter hant vnd hew na der vßer bloeß:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. When a person shall draw from the sheath. Let the opponent draw-out first before you. If he then hews the wrath-hew, then yank-out to the hand of his, follow-after him with the golden hew, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: When a person shall draw from the sheath. Let the opponent draw first before you do. Then if they cut the wrath-cut, then yank towards their hand, following behind them with the golden cut.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem wy eyn man van <u>scheiden zyn</u> sall. layß den man eerst vß zehen dan du. hewet er den zorn hew zo zuck vß ym nach der hant volge ym nach mit dem gulden hew:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play from the oxen. Advance the oxen strongly and furiously cut 2 strikes into him from the wing one after the other.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play from the oxen. Execute the oxen strongly and cut 2 strikes swerving one after the other into the opponent from the wing.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck vß dem <u>ocksen</u> den ocksen ganck starck vnd slach zo ym vß dem flogel .ij. streych swynd na en nander:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15v.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. Ward whatever the plow deploys first. Cut furiously out with the long edge according to the scalper so you hit him from the plow. Do not allow yourself to go too high with the head at the break.
+
| <p>Likewise: Ward whatever the plow sows. Cut swerving to the outside according to the scalper with the long edge, so that you knock them out of the plow. If you can't get yourself to the break, don't go so high with your head.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem wert was dry <u>ployg</u> e<sup>e</sup>rnt. slach swyn[d] vßer myt der langen snyden nach dem schedeler. so dryffs du yn vß dem ployg. zo dem broch layß dyr nyt zo ga[n]g mit dem kopf nyt zo hoyg:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 15v.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <poem style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline;">Item. If you wish to examine the art,  
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Item. If you wish to examine<ref>inspect/see/behold/assess</ref> the art,<br/>Go left and right with cutting, etc.}}</p>
advance yourself left and right with hewing, etc.<ref>Liechtenauer verse.</ref></poem>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16r.png|1|lbl=16r}}
| <poem style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline;">[16r] <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem wyltu konst schauwen
 
sych linck geen vnd recht myt hewenn:-</poem>
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A play called the tringle. Step with the right foot upon his right side and turn-into<ref>alt: (straight or diagonal)cut into</ref> him with the oxen. Step a great step swiftly behind him with the left foot, so you cut him behind upon the head, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play called the tringle. Step upon their right side with your right foot and cut in at an angle with the ox. Step a great step swiftly behind them with the left foot, so you cut them behind upon the head.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck heyst der dryangell. schryt myt dem rechten voyß vff syn rechte syt vnd ger ym yn myt dem ocksen schryt behende myt dem lincken voyß eyn groyßen schryt hynder yn so slechs du yn hynder vff den kopf:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. A break for the triangle. If you see that someone will break the triangle, then pull the right foot behind you and hew yourself strongly from the opponent to the next opening, that is no shame for you, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A break for the triangle. If you see that someone will use the triangle, then yank your right foot behind you and cut strongly from the opponent to the nearest opening, there is no shame for you.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn broch vuer den <u>dryangell</u>. so du suchs das eyner den dryangell bruchen wyll. so zuck den rechten voyß hynder dich vnd hew dich starck van dem man das yst dyr keyn schande nach der nechster bloeß:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. If you seek the doubling above, then tread-aside, that I will laud. If you wish to reckon yourself and artfully break the four openings, then double above.<ref>Pseudo-zettel, referring to the four openings (vier blossen) verse.</ref>
+
| <p>Likewise: If you seek the doubling above, then cede position, that I will laud. If you wish to reckon yourself and artfully break the four openings, then double above.<ref>Pseudo-zettel, referring to the four openings (vier blossen) verse.</ref></p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem so du suchs <u>doppeleren</u> oben, so tryt abe das wyll ych lobenn wyltu dych rechen vnd dy veyr bloeß kunstelich brechen so doppelere oben:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. When you will run-forward and have no weapon. If someone strikes a wrath-hew, then fall upon him with your left hand around his arm, so you may break his arm and take the messer from him.
+
| <p>Likewise: When you will rush and have no weapon. If the opponent strikes a wrath-cut, then fall around their arm with your left hand, so that you can break their arm and take the messer from them.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem wan du <u>vuerlauffen</u> wurß vnd hayst keyn gewere. schleyt eyner eyn zorn hew so val myt dyner '''[16v]''' lincker hant ym vmb den arm so machstu ym den arm brechen vnd nymst ym das meßer:-
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16v.png|1|lbl=16v|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item. If one stabs into you, then fall thereupon him with the encapsuling and rapidly wind-up so that you break his arm and take the messer from him.
+
| <p>Likewise: If someone thrusts at you, then fall upon them there by enveloping and rapidly wind-up so that you break their arm and take the messer from them.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem stycht eyner zo dyr so val ym dar vff mit der gaffelen vnd wyndt fluck[s] vff so brychstu ym den arm vnd nymst ym das meßer:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 568: Line 558:
 
! 16v - 17r
 
! 16v - 17r
 
| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
   | title = Anonymous dagger devices
+
   | title = Anonymous dagger pieces
   | width = 84em
+
   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: A free play of the short dagger. If an opponent stabs at you with the under wrath-stab, then fall upon that with the encapsuling. Back him freely into you so the dagger or arm must break, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A free play of the short dagger. If an opponent thrusts at you with the rising wrath-thrust, then fall upon that with the fork. Pull them into you without restriction so their dagger or arm must break.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn<sup> fry </sup>stuck ym <u>kortzen degen</u>. stycht eyn man zo dyr mit dem vnder zorn stych so val ym dar vffmit der gaffelen. ruck yn fry zo dyr so moyß der degen ader arm brechenn:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16v.png|3|lbl=16v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: Again a play from the under stab. Hit him with the outer hand by the point. Set the point against his chest and grab him with the left hand on the hip so he must stab himself, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: Again a play from the lower thrust. Connect with the outside of the opponent's hand by the point. Set the point against their chest and grab them by the hip with your left hand so they must stab themselves.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem aber eyn stuck <u>vß dem vnder stych</u> dryff ym mit vßer hant byde ort setz ym den ort gegen dy brost vnd gryff yn mit der lincker hant an das hefft so moyß er sych seluer stechenn:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16v.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: If the opponent stabs the over wrath stab at you, then grab with the left hand inverted by the little weak so that you break his arm or the dagger must fall, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: If the opponent thrusts the descending wrath thrust at you, then grab them by the little weak with the left hand inverted so that you break their arm or the dagger must fall.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem stycht eyner den <u>ouer zorn</u> stych zo dyr so gryff mit der lincker hant verkeret. by der kleyner swecht '''[17r]''' so brychstu ym den arm ader der degen moyß fallen:-
+
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 16v.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 17r.png|1|lbl=17r|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 12.png|200px|center]]
| Item: A good play for a throwing-spear<ref>a small spear often on a cord, thrown from a free hand</ref>. If an opponent stabs at you, then go beneath him with a hanging point and grab him with the left hand behind the ball of cord and strike at his hand with the messer so that you take the spear, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A good play for a throwing spear.<ref>A small spear often on a cord, thrown from a free hand</ref> If an opponent thrusts at you, then go beneath them with a hanging point and grab him with the left hand behind the ball of cord and strike at their hand with the messer so that you take their spear.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn gut stuck ouer eynen <u>wyrfspeyß</u><ref>a small spear often on a cord, thrown from a free hand</ref>. stycht eyn man zo dyr so vnderganck ym myt hangenden ort vnd gryff ym myt der lincker hant hynder den kneuell vnd slach ym mit dem messer na der hant. so nymstu ym den speyß:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 17r.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 604: Line 595:
 
| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
 
   | title = Abecedarium
 
   | title = Abecedarium
   | width = 84em
+
   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Images</p>
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[James Wallhausen]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[File:MS Best.7020 W-150 20r.png|400x400px|center]]
| [Abecedarium]
+
| <p>[Alphabet]</p>
| '''[20r]''' a a b c d e f g h h i k k
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 20r.png|1|lbl=20r}}
 
 
l l m m n o o p p q r r r s s s s
 
 
 
t t v v x y y y z z Z Z W
 
 
 
'''α''' abccd effghyklmnopqrrssstŭvxyz '''Z'''
 
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 629: Line 614:
 
! 20v
 
! 20v
 
| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
   | title = Anonymous spear devices
+
   | title = Anonymous spear pieces
   | width = 84em
+
   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Item: Hereafter follows a play of the swine-spear.'''
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Likewise: Hereafter follows a play of the swine-spear.}}</p>
Stand in position and turn your little finger against the pommel<ref>A knebel is a knot or a lump.</ref> and the staff against the opponent. If he strikes or stabs at you with the swine-spear or halberd, then you can break his [attacks],<ref>lit: break it of his</ref> etc.
+
 
| '''[20v]''' <u><span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem hy na volget eyn stuck ym swynspeyß.</u>
+
<p>Stand in position and turn your little finger against the pommel<ref>A knedel is a knot or lump</ref> and the staff toward the opponent. If they strike or thrust at you with the swine-spear or halberd, then you can break them.</p>
<span style="color:#A40000">S</span>tant yn bossen vnd kere den kleynnen fynger gegenden kneypfell vnd de stang gegen den man sleyt er ader stycht zo dyr mit dem swynspeyß ader helbartten. so kanstu es yme brechen:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 20v.png|1|lbl=20v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: If he strikes, then break it with the staff in the outer weak. Tread into him with the battle, then you stab him and strike him<ref>alt: stab in and strike in</ref>.
+
| <p>Likewise: If the opponent strikes, then break it with the staff in the outer weak. Lunge into them with the battle, then you stab and strike them.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem so er sleyt so brych ym myt der stangen yn de vßer swecht tryt zo ym myt dem kampff so stychstu yn vnd sleys yn:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 20v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: if he stabs at you, then break it toward the outer weak and strike for his forward hand, then exploit<ref>beuten</ref> him in the battle so you have stabbed and struck for the best, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: if the opponent thrusts at you, then break it toward the outer weak and strike for their forward hand, then deliver deceitful exchanges in the battle so that you have stabbed and struck the best you can.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem stycht er zo dyr so brych es ym na der vßer swech vnd slach ym nach der foder hant so buyt ym den kampff so hastu stych vnd streych zom besten:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 20v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
Line 661: Line 646:
 
! 21v&nbsp;-&nbsp;22r
 
! 21v&nbsp;-&nbsp;22r
 
| {{treatise begin
 
| {{treatise begin
   | title = Anonymous staff devices
+
   | title = Anonymous staff pieces
   | width = 84em
+
   | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated treatisecontent"
+
{| class="treatisecontent"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! id="thin" | <p>Images</p>
+
! <p>Images</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p>
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Item the 4 bindings-on of the staff'''
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Likewise: The 4 bind ups in the staff}}</p>
At first, bind-on him at the head with the right hand and thereafter with him, tread-in with the left hand against the head. Strike for his left leg with a tread in and thereafter strike for his right leg with the left hand with a tread in. Thus the 4 bindings-on are correct, etc.
+
 
| '''[21v]''' <u><span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem dy iiij anbynd ym stangen.</u>
+
<p>At first, bind up the opponent at the head with the right hand and after that do it again at their head with the left hand and with a step in. Strike towards their left leg with a step in and after that strike for their right leg with the left hand with a step in. Thus the 4 bind ups are correct.</p>
<span style="color:#A40000">B</span>ynt ym zo eyrst oben an na dem kopf myt der rechter hant vnd dar na myt eyme zo tryt myt der lincker hant weder zom kopf. slach ym na dem lincken beynn myt eym zo tryt. vnd dar na slach ym na dem rechten beyn myt der lincker hant myt eynem zo tryt. so synt dy iiij anbynd gerecht:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 21v.png|1|lbl=21v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: A play from the upper right binding-on. Act as if you will bind-on him to the right and bind-on him to the left so that you strike his staff up and tread into the battle, etc.
+
| <p>Likewise: A play from the upper right bind up. Act as if you will bind up the opponent on the right and bind up the opponent on the left so that you strike their staff up and step into the battle.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem eyn stuck vß dem<sup> rechten </sup>oberen anbyndunck. do wy du ym wylt recht anbynden vnd bynd ym lincks an so sleystu ym dy stangh vff vnd tryt ym zo ym kampfe.-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 21v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| [[file:MS Best.7020 W-150 detail 13.png|300px|center]]
| Item: A good play of the other upper binding-on. Act as if you will bind-on him to the left and bind-on him to the right so that you strike his staff up and then fall into the battle.
+
| <p>Likewise: A good play of the other upper bind up. Act as if you will bind up the opponent on the left and bind up the opponent on the right so that you strike their staff up and then fall into the battle.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem gut stuck ym anderen oberen anbyndunck. Do als wuls du ym lincks anbynden vnd bynt ym rechs an so sleys du ym dy stangh vff vnd dan vall yme zo ym kampf:-
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 21v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Item: After a play in the right under binding-on. Act as if you will bind-on him to the right and bind-on him to the left and thrust for his under opening.
+
| <p>Likewise: After a play in the right lower bind up. Act as if you will bind up the opponent on the right and bind up the opponent onthe left and thrust toward their lower opening.</p>
| <span style="color:#A40000">I</span>tem noch eyn stuck ym rechten vnder anbyndunck '''[22r]''' do as wuls du ym recht anbynden vnd bynt ym lincks an vnd stoeß ym na der vnder bloeß:-
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 21v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 22r.png|1|lbl=22r|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <poem style="font-weight:bold;">If you are thoughtful,
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|If you have wits,<br/>Then strike suddenly for the opponent's hand.<br/>This play is not apparent to many.}}</p>
Then strike impetuously for the opponent's hand.
+
| {{section|Page:MS Best.7020 W-150 22r.png|2|lbl=-}}
This play is not apparent to anyone, etc.<ref>no one is prepared for this</ref></poem>
 
| <poem style="text-decoration:underline;"><span style="color:#A40000">B</span>ystu bedanck
 
<span style="color:#A40000">S</span>o slach eyme swynde na der hant.
 
<span style="color:#A40000">D</span>as stuck ist eyme icklichem neyt bekant:-</poem>
 
  
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
|-
 +
! 23r
 +
| Blank
 +
 
{{treatise end}}
 
{{treatise end}}
  
Line 754: Line 741:
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 22r.png|Folio 22r}}
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 22r.png|Folio 22r}}
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 22v.png|Folio 22v}}
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 22v.png|Folio 22v}}
 +
{{image|ph=1|Blank|Folio 23r}}
 +
{{image|ph=1|Blank|Folio 23v}}
 +
{{image|ph=1|Blank|Lost}}
 +
{{image|ph=1|Blank|Lost}}
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 3.png|Inside Cover}}
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 3.png|Inside Cover}}
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 4.png|Rear Cover}}
 
{{image|MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 4.png|Rear Cover}}
 +
{{-}}
  
 
== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
* Bauer, Matthias Johannes. ''[http://www.adeva.com/produkt_detail.asp?id=726 Langes Schwert und Schweinespieß]''. ADEVA Graz, 2009. ISBN 978-3-201-01920-0
+
{{bibliography}}
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
  
{{reflist|2}}
+
{{reflist}}
  
 
== Copyright and License Summary ==
 
== Copyright and License Summary ==
Line 779: Line 771:
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
  | authors    = [[Christian Trosclair]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Christian Trosclair]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | source title= Wiktenauer
 
  | license    = noncommercial
 
  | license    = noncommercial
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = Translation
 
| authors    = [[James Wallhausen]]
 
| source link = http://paleo.eskirmology.co.uk/?wpdmact=process&did=MS5ob3RsaW5r
 
| source title= Paleoeskirmology Historical Combat Systems
 
| license    = copyrighted
 
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Transcription
 
  | work        = Transcription
  | authors    = [[Dieter Bachmann]]
+
  | authors    = [[transcriber::Dieter Bachmann]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
  | source title= [[Index:Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)]]
+
  | source title= [[Index:Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)]]
 
  | license    = public domain 0
 
  | license    = public domain 0
 
}}
 
}}
Line 814: Line 799:
 
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
 
[[Category:Staff Weapons]]
  
[[Category:Old format]]
+
[[Category:New format]]

Latest revision as of 20:51, 12 November 2023

Kölner Fechtregeln
MS Best.7020 (W*)150, Historisches Archiv
Cologne, Germany

MS Best.7020 W-150 01v.png
MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png
ff 1v - 2r
HagedornKLeng
Wierschin20Hils25
Also known as MS W.* 8 150
Type
Date ca. 1500
Language(s) Early New High German (Ripuarian)
Author(s) Unknown
Size 23 folia (100 mm × 145 mm)
Format Double-sided
External data
Treatise scans Microfilm scans
Other translations Traduction française

The Kölner Fechtregeln ("Fencing Rules"; MS Best. 7020 (W*)150) is an anonymous German fencing manual created around the turn of the 16th century.[1] It currently rests in the holdings of the Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln in Cologne, Germany; it was housed in the wing of the Archive that collapsed on 3 March 2009,[2] but it was recovered and seems to have been undamaged.[3]

The Kölner Fechtregeln contains several verses resembling Johannes Liechtenauer's Recital, but it has few other obvious parallels to the teachings of the high master.[1] However, as Jay Acutt points out, it does bear a certain resemblance to the syllabus of the Marxbrüder fencing guild as described by Hans Sachs.[4]

Provenance

The known provenance of the MS Best. 7020 (W*)150 is:

  • Created in ca. 1500[1] by an anonymous scribe; the dialect of German used in the text (Ripuarian) suggests an origin in Cologne, Germany.[5]
  • before 1824 – acquired by scholar and collector Ferdinand Franz Wallraf (donated upon his death, 1824).
  • 1824-present – held by the Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln.

Contents

1r Blank
1v
2r - 8r
10v - 12r
13r - 16v
16v - 17r
20r
20v
21v - 22r
23r Blank

Gallery


Front Cover
MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 1.png
Inside Cover
MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 2.png
Folio 1r
MS Best.7020 W-150 01r.png
Folio 1v
MS Best.7020 W-150 01v.png
Folio 2r
MS Best.7020 W-150 02r.png
Folio 2v
MS Best.7020 W-150 02v.png
Folio 3r
MS Best.7020 W-150 03r.png
Folio 3v
MS Best.7020 W-150 03v.png
Folio 4r
MS Best.7020 W-150 04r.png
Folio 4v
MS Best.7020 W-150 04v.png
Folio 5r
MS Best.7020 W-150 05r.png
Folio 5v
MS Best.7020 W-150 05v.png
Folio 6r
MS Best.7020 W-150 06r.png
Folio 6v
MS Best.7020 W-150 06v.png
Folio 7r
MS Best.7020 W-150 07r.png
Folio 7v
MS Best.7020 W-150 07v.png
Folio 8r
MS Best.7020 W-150 08r.png
Folio 8v
Folio 9r
Folio 9v
Folio 10r
Folio 10v
MS Best.7020 W-150 10v.png
Folio 11r
MS Best.7020 W-150 11r.png
Folio 11v
MS Best.7020 W-150 11v.png
Folio 12r
MS Best.7020 W-150 12r.png
Folio 12v
MS Best.7020 W-150 12v.png
Folio 13r
MS Best.7020 W-150 13r.png
Folio 13v
MS Best.7020 W-150 13v.png
Folio 14r
MS Best.7020 W-150 14r.png
Folio 14v
MS Best.7020 W-150 14v.png
Folio 15r
MS Best.7020 W-150 15r.png
Folio 15v
MS Best.7020 W-150 15v.png
Folio 16r
MS Best.7020 W-150 16r.png
Folio 16v
MS Best.7020 W-150 16v.png
Folio 17r
MS Best.7020 W-150 17r.png
Folio 17v
Folio 18r
Folio 18v
Folio 19r
Folio 19v
MS Best.7020 W-150 19v.png
Folio 20r
MS Best.7020 W-150 20r.png
Folio 20v
MS Best.7020 W-150 20v.png
Folio 21r
MS Best.7020 W-150 21r.png
Folio 21v
MS Best.7020 W-150 21v.png
Folio 22r
MS Best.7020 W-150 22r.png
Folio 22v
MS Best.7020 W-150 22v.png
Folio 23r
Folio 23v
Lost
Lost
Inside Cover
MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 3.png
Rear Cover
MS Best.7020 W-150 Cover 4.png


Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matthias Johannes Bauer. "Köln, Hist. Archiv der Stadt, Best. 7020 (W*) 150". Handschriftencensus. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der handschriftlichen Überlieferung deutschsprachiger Texte des Mittelalters. October, 2009. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  2. Newspaper article Neue Osnabrücker Zeitung 01.03.2010
  3. Personal report from one of the salvage workers.
  4. James Acutt. "The Fight-Lore of the Long Sword From the Kölner Fechtbuch (MS Best.7020)". Paleoeskirmology Historical Combat Systems. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
  5. Handschriftencensus Rheinland. Erfassung mittelalterlicher Handschriften im rheinischen Landesteil von Nordrhein-Westfalen mit einem Inventar. Ed. Günter Gattermann. 1993. Vol. 2, pp. 1319f. (Nr. 2488)
  6. schylt: 1)shield. 2) to push off with an oar. a rudder pole. 3)shaved or peeled
  7. A proverb similar to the one also found in Kal (Cgm 1507, 6r)
  8. A similar description appears in Meyer, 1.19v.1 (Forgeng 2006, 64)
  9. "b" and "a" in the margin are to show that the two plays are in reverse order.
  10. this is not referencing the four positions, rather it is about posture and footing
  11. see parallell usage below in the triangle play
  12. Bröße: Brosche. A long straight awl or spike.
  13. inspect/see/behold/assess
  14. Pseudo-zettel, referring to the four openings (vier blossen) verse.
  15. A small spear often on a cord, thrown from a free hand
  16. A knedel is a knot or lump

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work Author(s) Source License
Images Historisches Archiv Historisches Archiv
Public Domain.png
Translation Christian Trosclair Wiktenauer
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Transcription Dieter Bachmann Index:Kölner Fechtregeln (MS Best.7020 (W*)150)
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