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Fior di Battaglia (MS Ludwig XV 13)

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Il Fior di Battaglia
MS Ludwig ⅩⅤ 13, J. Paul Getty Museum
Los Angeles, California
MS Ludwig XV 13 01r.jpg
Title page, fol. 1r
HagedornFLGLeng
WierschinHils
Type
Date ca. 1404 (?)
Place of origin Milan, Italy
Language(s) Middle Italian
Author(s) Fiore de'i Liberi
Scribe(s) Unknown
Illustrator(s) Michelino Molinari da Besozzo (or follower)
Dedicated to Niccolò Ⅲ, Marquis d'Este
Material Parchment, in a pasteboard leather
binding
Size 47 folia (205 mm × 280 mm)
Format Double-sided; four illustrations per side,
with text above each
External data Museum catalog entry
Treatise scans

Fior di Battaglia ("The Flower of Battle", MS Ludwig ⅩⅤ 13) is an Italian fencing manual authored by Fiore de'i Liberi and dedicated to Niccolò Ⅲ, Marquis d'Este. The original currently rests in the holdings of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles, California. MS Ludwig ⅩⅤ 13 is written on parchment in a tidy humanist script; the illustrations are inked sketches with gold leafing on the crowns and garters. This manuscript is often referred to as the Getty Version.

MS Ludwig ⅩⅤ 13 contains the most content of any of the four known manuscripts of Fior di Battaglia. The text takes the form of descriptive paragraphs set in poor Italian verse, which are nevertheless fairly clear and informative; its preface, format, illustrations, and text are all very similar to the MS M.383 (FLM). Despite their shared characteristics, however, there are important differences, not the least of which is the vastly different order of the information. This difference in sequence is often attributed to the fact that the preface indicates that it was laid out according to the wishes of Niccolò, whereas the MS M.383 claims to have been laid out according to Fiore's own intellect.

Provenance

The known provenance of the MS Ludwig ⅩⅤ 13 is:[1]

  • Possibly written in ca. 1404 for the Milanese diplomatic mission to Ferrara.
  • Possibly manuscript 253 in the 1436 catalog of the Estense Library, which had a red leather cover.[2]
  • before 1825 – owned by Luigi Celotti (sold London, Sotheby's, 1825).
  • 1886-1966 – the MS 4202 in the collection of Thomas Phillipps (sold London, Sotheby's, 1966).
  • 1966-1983 – the MS Ludwig ⅩⅤ 13 in the collection of Peter and Irene Ludwig.
  • 1983-present – the MS Ludwig ⅩⅤ 13 in the J. Paul Getty Museum.

Contents

1r - 2r Preface by Fiore de'i Liberi
6r - 8r Grappling by Fiore de'i Liberi
8v Baton by Fiore de'i Liberi
9r - 18v, 38rv Dagger by Fiore de'i Liberi
19r - 20r Sword vs. dagger by Fiore de'i Liberi
20r - 21v Sword in one hand by Fiore de'i Liberi
22r - 32r Sword in two hands by Fiore de'i Liberi
32v - 35r Sword in armor by Fiore de'i Liberi
35v - 37v Axe in armor by Fiore de'i Liberi
39r - 40r Spear by Fiore de'i Liberi
41r - 45v, 46v Mounted fencing by Fiore de'i Liberi
46r Spear vs. cavalry by Fiore de'i Liberi
46v - 47r Closing

Gallery

Digital images courtesy of the Getty's Open Content Program

Folio 1r
MS Ludwig XV 13 01r.jpg
Folio 1v
Getty Ms. Ludwig XV 13 01v - Fiore dei Liberi - Decorated Text Page - Google Art Project.jpg
Folio 2r
Getty Ms. Ludwig XV 13 02r - Fiore dei Liberi - Decorated Text Page - Google Art Project.jpg
Folio 2v
Folio 3r
Folio 3v
Folio 4r
Folio 4v
Folio 5r
Folio 5v
Folio 6r
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Folio 6v
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Folio 7r
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Folio 7v
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Folio 8r
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Folio 8v
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Folio 9r
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Folio 9v
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Folio 10r
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Folio 10v
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Folio 11r
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Folio 11v
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Folio 12r
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Folio 12v
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Folio 13r
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Folio 13v
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Folio 14r
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Folio 14v
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Folio 15r
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Folio 15v
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Folio 16r
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Folio 16v
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Folio 17r
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Folio 17v
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Folio 18r
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Folio 18v
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Folio 19r
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Folio 19v
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Folio 20r
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Folio 20v
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Folio 21r
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Folio 21v
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Folio 22r
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Folio 22v
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Folio 23r
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Folio 23v
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Folio 24r
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Folio 24v
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Folio 25r
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Folio 25v
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Folio 26r
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Folio 26v
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Folio 27r
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Folio 27v
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Folio 28r
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Folio 28v
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Folio 29r
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Folio 29v
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Folio 30r
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Folio 30v
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Folio 31r
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Folio 32r
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Folio 32v
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Folio 33r
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Folio 33v
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Folio 34r
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Folio 34v
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Folio 35r
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Folio 35v
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Folio 36r
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Folio 36v
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Folio 37r
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Folio 37v
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Folio 38r
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Folio 38v
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Folio 39r
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Folio 39v
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Folio 40r
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Folio 40v
Folio 41r
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Folio 41v
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Folio 42r
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Folio 42v
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Folio 43r
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Folio 43v
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Folio 44r
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Folio 44v
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Folio 45r
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Folio 45v
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Folio 46r
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Folio 46v
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Folio 47r
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Folio 47v
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Additional Resources

References

  1. Based in part on Easton, Matt. "Fiore dei Liberi - Fior di Battaglia - Flos Duellatorum". Schola Gladiatoria. Retrieved 30 October 2010.
  2. 253. Libro uno da insignare de scremia afigurado et cum lettereper vulgare in membrana compilado per M° Fiore Furlano, coperto de chore roso. ("One book on teaching fencing, illustrated and in the vernacular, compiled by Master Fiore Furlano, covered in red leather.")

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work Author(s) Source License
Images J. Paul Getty Museum Digital images courtesy of the Getty's Open Content Program
Getty open content program.png
Transcription Michael Chidester Index:Fior di Battaglia (MS Ludwig XV 13)
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