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{{infobox writer
 
{{infobox writer
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| name                = [[name::Domingo Luis Godinho]]
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| name                = [[name::Pablo de Paredes]]
 
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| occupation          = [[Fencing master]]{{#set:occupation=Fencing master}}
 
| occupation          = [[Fencing master]]{{#set:occupation=Fencing master}}
 
| language            = [[language::Spanish]]
 
| language            = [[language::Spanish]]
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| nationality          = [[nationality::Portuguese]]
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| nationality          =  
 
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| period              = [[16th century]]
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| genre                = [[Fencing manual]]
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| subject              =  
 
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| movement            = [[Esgrima común]]
 
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| influences          = {{plainlist | [[Jaime Pons]] | [[Pedro de la Torre]] | [[Francisco Román]] }}
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'''Domingo Luis Godinho''' was a late [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::Portugese]] fencing master. Little is known of this master's life, but in 1599 he wrote a treatise on fencing entitled ''[[Do Arte de Esgrima (MS PBA 58)|Do Arte de Esgrima]]'' ("On the Art of Fencing"). Although written after [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza]] developed the [[Verdadera Destreza]], Godinho's terminology and techniques appear to align with surviving fragments of the [[esgrima común]] ("common fencing") of earlier Iberian masters such as [[Jaime Pons]], [[Pedro de la Torre]], and [[Francisco Román]].<ref name="Rivera">Tim Rivera. ''[http://spanishsword.org/files/early.iberian.fencing.pdf Early Iberian Fencing]''. Spanish Swordsmanship Society, 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2013.</ref> His work also shows some similarities to the work of the French master [[Henry de Sainct Didier]], though that is likely due to both sharing similar influences.{{cn}} ''Do Arte de Esgrima'' contains information on [[side sword|sword alone]], sword and [[shield]], sword and [[buckler]], sword and [[dagger]], sword and cloak, double swords, and the [[montante]].<ref name="Rivera"/>
+
'''Pablo de Paredes''' (Paulo de Paredes) was a late [[century::16th century]] [[nationality::Spanish]] fencing master. Little is known of this master's life, but he seems to have been the Head Master of Arms (Maestro Mayor) to the royal court of Spain in 1599. There he instructed Jehan L'Hermite, a Belgian and one of the prince's tutors, in the use of the [[montante]] and double [[side sword]]s. The only known record of Paredes' teachings is a passage in L'Hermite's memoir, which records twelve rules for the montante but indicates that he had forgotten the double sword teachings.
  
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
  
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin
−
  | title = [[Montante]]
+
  | title = Montante
−
  | width = 56em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
−
{| class="wikitable floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Eric Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Eric Myers]]</p>
 
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Charles Ruelens]]</p>
 
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Charles Ruelens]]</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Jan Gosewinkel]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p style="font-weight:bold;">Rules or Canons of the Two-Handed Sword:</p>
 
| <p style="font-weight:bold;">Rules or Canons of the Two-Handed Sword:</p>
−
<ol style="margin-left:2em;"><li>A talho, and a thrust, entering and exiting.<br/><br/></li>
+
 
−
<li>Two talhos, and a thrust and a revez, entering and exiting.</li>
+
<ol style="margin-left:2em;"><li>A talho,<ref>A Talho is a forehand blow.</ref> and a thrust, entering and exiting.</li></ol>
−
<li>Two talhos, entering, and two revezes exiting.</li>
 
−
<li>Three vueltas<ref>Vuelta could be a turn of the sword or the body, depending on context.</ref> of three talhos entering, and three revezes exiting.</li>
 
−
<li>Thrust and talho entering and thrust and revez exiting.</li>
 
−
<li>Two talhos and a thrust turned backwards, and a revez entering and exiting.</li>
 
−
<li>Three cenidos<ref>Cenido is probably analogous to the Portuguese cingido. I translated cingindo as circling in the Memorial, but there is likely more to it than that. Cegando is probably "sawing", meaning slicing not chopping (Capoferro uses this term as well), but it could also mean "blinding". Figueiredo doesn't give us enough info to clearly define it. I like firm-footed too, but in several traditions that term is used to describe a lunge, meaning that one foot is firm instead of both moving. That's my only reason for using "standing still".</ref> entering the turn with a talho and another three exiting, and the vuelta with a revez, this is to clear space.</li>
 
−
<li>Three talhos and a thrust and a revez, and turning the back exit in the same manner, this is for a narrow street.<br/><br/></li>
 
−
<li>A talho and a thrust, entering, and exiting, this is guarding a cloak.</li>
 
−
<li>A cegando talho, and another falling, and a thrust and with your revez, entering and exiting. This is for a round plaza.</li>
 
−
<li>Two talhos one step after another moving the left foot first and turn with a thrust and revez, this is called the Bregua.</li>
 
−
<li>Thrust moving the left foot forward and a talho standing still, and another moving the right foot with a revez while standing still, and the turns with a revez using the feet, this is for a wide street.</li></ul>
 
 
| <p style="font-weight:bold;">Regles ou Ca­nons de l’espée à deux mains.</p>
 
| <p style="font-weight:bold;">Regles ou Ca­nons de l’espée à deux mains.</p>
−
<ol style="margin-left:0em; list-style-type:none;"><li>La primera, es de un tajo, y una estocada, entrando y saliendo.</li>
+
 
−
<li>2a Dos tajos, y una estocada y un revez, entrando y saliendo.</li>
+
<p>La primera, es de un tajo, y una estocada, entrando y saliendo.</p>
−
<li>3a Dos tajos, entrando, y dos revezes saliendo.</li>
+
| <p style="font-weight:bold;">Regeln oder Vorschriften des Schwertes zu zwei Hand:</p>
−
<li>4a Tres vueltas de tres tajos entrando, y tres revezes saliendo.</li>
+
 
−
<li>5c Estocada y tajo entrando y estocada y revez saliendo.</li>
+
<p>Die erste lautet Ein Tajo, und ein Stich, zutretend und abtretend.</p>
−
<li>6a Dos tajos y una estocada vuelta por las espaldas, y un revez entrando y saliendo.</li>
+
 
−
<li>7a Tres cenidos entrando la vuelta con tajo y otros tres saliendo, y la vuelta un revez, es para hazer plaça.<br/><br/></li>
+
|-  
−
<li>8a Tres tajos y una estocada y un revez, y vueltas las espaldas salir de la misma manera, es para una calleja angosta.</li>
+
| <ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="2"><li>Two talhos, and a thrust and a revez,<ref>A Revez is a backhand blow.</ref> entering and exiting.</li></ol>
−
<li>9a Un tajo y una estocada, entrando, y saliendo, es la guarda cappa.</li>
+
| <p>2a Dos tajos, y una estocada y un revez, entrando y saliendo.</p>
−
<li>10a Un tajo cegando, y otro cayendo, y una estocada y con su revez, entrando y saliendo. Es para una plaça redonda.<br/><br/></li>
+
| <p>2. Zwei Tajos, und ein Stich und ein Revez, zutretend und abtretend.</p>
−
<li>11a Dos tajos un passo tras otro metiendo el pie yzquierdo primero y volver con estocada y revez, es la Bregua que llaman.</li>
+
 
−
<li>12c Estocada con saccar el pie yzquierdo y un tajo a pie quedo, y otra sacando el derecho con un revez a pie quedo, ylas vueltas con revez meneando los pies, es para une calle ancha.</li></ol>
+
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="3"><li>Two talhos, entering, and two revezes exiting.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>3a Dos tajos, entrando, y dos revezes saliendo.</p>
 +
| <p>3. Zwei Tajos, zutretend, und zwei Revezes abtretend.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="4"><li>Three vueltas<ref>Vuelta could be a turn of the sword or the body, depending on context.</ref> of three talhos entering, and three revezes exiting.</li>
 +
</ol>
 +
| <p>4a Tres vueltas de tres tajos entrando, y tres revezes saliendo.</p>
 +
| <p>4. Drei Wendungen von drei Tajos zutretend, und drei Revezes abtretend.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="5"><li>Thrust and talho entering and thrust and revez exiting.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>5c Estocada y tajo entrando y estocada y revez saliendo.</p>
 +
| <p>5. Stich und Tajo zutretend und Stich und Reves abtretend.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="6"><li>Two talhos and a thrust turned backwards, and a revez entering and exiting.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>6a Dos tajos y una estocada vuelta por las espaldas, y un revez entrando y saliendo.</p>
 +
| <p>6. Zwei Tajos und ein Stich hinterrücks gewendet, und ein Revez zutretend und abtretend.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="7"><li>Three cenidos<ref>Cenido is probably analogous to the Portuguese cingido. I translated cingindo as circling in the Memorial, but there is likely more to it than that. Cegando is probably "sawing", meaning slicing not chopping (Capoferro uses this term as well), but it could also mean "blinding". Figueiredo doesn't give us enough info to clearly define it. I like firm-footed too, but in several traditions that term is used to describe a lunge, meaning that one foot is firm instead of both moving. That's my only reason for using "standing still".</ref> entering the turn with a talho and another three exiting, and the vuelta with a revez, this is to clear space.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>7a Tres cenidos entrando la vuelta con tajo y otros tres saliendo, y la vuelta un revez, es para hazer plaça.</p>
 +
| <p>7. Drei umschlingende  zutretend, die Wendung mit Tajo und weitere drei abtretend, und die Wendung ein Revez, dies ist um Platz zu machen.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="8"><li>Three talhos and a thrust and a revez, and turning the back exit in the same manner, this is for a narrow street.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>8a Tres tajos y una estocada y un revez, y vueltas las espaldas salir de la misma manera, es para una calleja angosta.</p>
 +
| <p>8. Drei Tajos und ein Stich und ein Revez, und hinterrücks gewendet trete ab auf die gleiche Art und Weise, dies ist für eine schmale Gasse.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="9"><li>A talho and a thrust, entering, and exiting, this is guarding a cloak.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>9a Un tajo y una estocada, entrando, y saliendo, es la guarda cappa.</p>
 +
| <p>9. Ein Tajo und ein Stich, zutretend, und abtretend, dies ist der Schutz des Mantels.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="10"><li>A cegando talho, and another falling, and a thrust and with your revez, entering and exiting. This is for a round plaza.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>10a Un tajo cegando, y otro cayendo, y una estocada y con su revez, entrando y saliendo. Es para una plaça redonda.</p>
 +
| <p>10. Ein versperrender (Anm .d. Übersetzers: Cegando = Versperren, Blenden, zumauern.)  Tajo, und ein anderer niederfallend, und ein Stich und mit deinem Revez, zutreten und abtreten. Dies ist für einen runden Platz.</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
<ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="11"><li>Two talhos one step after another moving the left foot first and turn with a thrust and revez, this is called the Bregua.</li></ol>
 +
| <p>11a Dos tajos un passo tras otro metiendo el pie yzquierdo primero y volver con estocada y revez, es la Bregua que llaman.</p>
 +
| <p>11. Zwei Tajos einen Schritt  nach dem anderen den linken Fuß zuerst setzend und wenden mit Stich und Revez, dies nennt man die Bregua (Anm .d. Übersetzers: Bregua: Bedeutung unklar. Evtl. von brega=Streit, oder tregua=Kampfpause).</p>
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" | <ol style="margin-left:2em;" start="12"><li>Thrust moving the left foot forward and a talho standing still, and another moving the right foot with a revez while standing still, and the turns with a revez using the feet, this is for a wide street.</li></ol>
 +
| class="noline" | <p>12c Estocada con saccar el pie yzquierdo y un tajo a pie quedo, y otra sacando el derecho con un revez a pie quedo, ylas vueltas con revez meneando los pies, es para une calle ancha.</p>
 +
| class="noline" | <p>12. Stich mit Ziehen  des linken Fußes und ein Tajo mit stillstehenden Fuß, und ein weiterer unter einem Ziehen des Rechten mit einem Revez mit stillstehendem Fuß, und die Wendung mit Revez mit einem hin und her Bewegen  der Füße, dies ist für eine breite Straße.</p>
  
 
|}
 
|}
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  | authors    = [[Charles Ruelens]]
 
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  | source title= ''[[:File:Jehan LHermite 1896 (Pablo de Paredes 1599).pdf|Le Passetemps de Jehan L'Hermite]]''
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  | license    = public domain
 
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== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
−
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{{bibliography}}
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
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[[Category:Greatsword]]
 
[[Category:Greatsword]]
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[[Category:New format]]
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[[Category:Extra translation]]

Latest revision as of 20:01, 6 November 2023

Pablo de Paredes
Born date of birth unknown
Died after 1599
Occupation Fencing master
Movement Esgrima común
Language Spanish

Pablo de Paredes (Paulo de Paredes) was a late 16th century Spanish fencing master. Little is known of this master's life, but he seems to have been the Head Master of Arms (Maestro Mayor) to the royal court of Spain in 1599. There he instructed Jehan L'Hermite, a Belgian and one of the prince's tutors, in the use of the montante and double side swords. The only known record of Paredes' teachings is a passage in L'Hermite's memoir, which records twelve rules for the montante but indicates that he had forgotten the double sword teachings.

Treatise

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. ↑ A Talho is a forehand blow.
  2. ↑ A Revez is a backhand blow.
  3. ↑ Vuelta could be a turn of the sword or the body, depending on context.
  4. ↑ Cenido is probably analogous to the Portuguese cingido. I translated cingindo as circling in the Memorial, but there is likely more to it than that. Cegando is probably "sawing", meaning slicing not chopping (Capoferro uses this term as well), but it could also mean "blinding". Figueiredo doesn't give us enough info to clearly define it. I like firm-footed too, but in several traditions that term is used to describe a lunge, meaning that one foot is firm instead of both moving. That's my only reason for using "standing still".


Early Iberian traditions
Esgrima común Destreza.png
Verdadera
destreza
Carrancista
Pachequista
Indeterminate
Others
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