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Difference between revisions of "Henry de Sainct Didier"

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(→‎Treatise: Backhand to Reversal following Discord convo,)
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| The fourth: how many clean targets can be listed for the said strikes on a person, both in attacking as well as in defending.
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| The fourth: how many distinct targets can be listed for the said strikes on a person, both in attacking as well as in defending.
  
 
| Le quatriesme, en combien de lieux propres se peuvent adapter lesdits coups sur la personne, tant en assaillant, qu’en deffendant.
 
| Le quatriesme, en combien de lieux propres se peuvent adapter lesdits coups sur la personne, tant en assaillant, qu’en deffendant.
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| It is true that they can be multiplied in six clean targets on the human body, which must be kept well, as well as a good tennis player must keep the es<ref>Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.</ref> well so that the ball of the opposing party does not touch it. So too must a good fencer be careful that one of the three strikes do not hit the six targets that can be adapted as stated, which will be seen later.
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| It is true that they can be multiplied in six distinct targets on the human body, which must be kept well, as well as a good tennis player must keep the es<ref>Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.</ref> well so that the ball of the opposing party does not touch it. So too must a good fencer be careful that one of the three strikes do not hit the six targets that can be adapted as stated, which will be seen later.
  
 
| Bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier en six lieux propres sur corps humain, qui faut bien garder, tout ainsi qu’un bon joueur de paulme faut qu’il garde bien l’es,<ref>« L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.</ref> que lesteu<ref>L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.</ref> de partie adverse ne le touche. Aussi faut il qu’un bon tireur d’armes garde bien qu’un desdits trois coups ne touchent aux six lieux ausquels se peuvent adapter comme dit est, dont se verront cy apres.
 
| Bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier en six lieux propres sur corps humain, qui faut bien garder, tout ainsi qu’un bon joueur de paulme faut qu’il garde bien l’es,<ref>« L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.</ref> que lesteu<ref>L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.</ref> de partie adverse ne le touche. Aussi faut il qu’un bon tireur d’armes garde bien qu’un desdits trois coups ne touchent aux six lieux ausquels se peuvent adapter comme dit est, dont se verront cy apres.
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| The fourth point is that attacking and defending can offend with no more than three said strikes: it is true that they can be multiplied and adapted as have been promised above at six clean targets on a person, either in attacking or in defending, and whoever knows the means to defend and offend with the said three strikes at the same time when multiplied can know a hundred strikes, which is above and will be defined later.
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| The fourth point is that attacking and defending can offend with no more than three said strikes: it is true that they can be multiplied and adapted as have been promised above at six distinct targets on a person, either in attacking or in defending, and whoever knows the means to defend and offend with the said three strikes at the same time when multiplied can know a hundred strikes, which is above and will be defined later.
 
   
 
   
 
| Le quatriesme poinct est, que l’assaillant & deffendant ne se peuvent offencer que desdicts trois coups : bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier, & adapter comme avons promis si dessus en six lieux propres sur la person ne, soit en assaillant, ou en deffendant, & qui scaura le moyen de soy deffendre, & offencer à un mesme temps, comme ce peult, desdicts trois coups, qui sont cy dessus & seront si aprés definis, estant multipliez il en scaura cent.
 
| Le quatriesme poinct est, que l’assaillant & deffendant ne se peuvent offencer que desdicts trois coups : bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier, & adapter comme avons promis si dessus en six lieux propres sur la person ne, soit en assaillant, ou en deffendant, & qui scaura le moyen de soy deffendre, & offencer à un mesme temps, comme ce peult, desdicts trois coups, qui sont cy dessus & seront si aprés definis, estant multipliez il en scaura cent.
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| The following are the names of the said six clean targets where one can and must throw the said three strikes which are:
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| The following are the names of the said six distinct targets where one can and must throw the said three strikes which are:
  
 
* Right-Hand
 
* Right-Hand
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| [[File:Sainct Didier 31-32.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 31-32.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The third strike of the sword alone for the Lieutenant and the Prevost is a high right-hand that follows the section of the said clean targets.''
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| ''The third strike of the sword alone for the Lieutenant and the Prevost is a high right-hand that follows the section of the said distinct targets.''
  
 
And to do this, the said attacking Lieutenant demonstrating this must, as have been stated many times, be on the step of the left foot as marked above at the portraiture of the said Lieutenant, not this one but the other marked number 29. And to do this said third strike, which is a high right-hand at the left shoulder of the said Prevost, the said Lieutenant must advance the right foot and throw a right-hand at the left shoulder of the said defending Prevost, keeping the sword hand up<ref>The position of the hand illustrates the fingers down, in opposition to the text.</ref>, and his left hand right of the chin as shown above at the portraiture marked number 31.
 
And to do this, the said attacking Lieutenant demonstrating this must, as have been stated many times, be on the step of the left foot as marked above at the portraiture of the said Lieutenant, not this one but the other marked number 29. And to do this said third strike, which is a high right-hand at the left shoulder of the said Prevost, the said Lieutenant must advance the right foot and throw a right-hand at the left shoulder of the said defending Prevost, keeping the sword hand up<ref>The position of the hand illustrates the fingers down, in opposition to the text.</ref>, and his left hand right of the chin as shown above at the portraiture marked number 31.
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| [[File:Sainct Didier 53-54.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 53-54.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''This is the guard and position of the Lieutenant and the Prevost for the sixth strike the thrust, multiplied at the sixth clean target on the defender.''
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| ''This is the guard and position of the Lieutenant and the Prevost for the sixth strike the thrust, multiplied at the sixth distinct target on the defender.''
  
 
One must declare this next guard and position to make and execute the thrust, which is the sixth and last strike and target, being as stated multiplied in several strikes and counters of the sword alone above. And this is multiplied on the right side. One could begin to pull the left foot but will have to multiply the strikes, or execute them with a feint. But to begin this said guard by the said Lieutenant the said sixth strike, he will keep himself on the right foot in middle guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the sword point straight at the eyes of the Prevost, and the keeping the left hand right of the chin, as shown at the portraiture marked number 53 behind the collar.
 
One must declare this next guard and position to make and execute the thrust, which is the sixth and last strike and target, being as stated multiplied in several strikes and counters of the sword alone above. And this is multiplied on the right side. One could begin to pull the left foot but will have to multiply the strikes, or execute them with a feint. But to begin this said guard by the said Lieutenant the said sixth strike, he will keep himself on the right foot in middle guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the sword point straight at the eyes of the Prevost, and the keeping the left hand right of the chin, as shown at the portraiture marked number 53 behind the collar.
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And for the defense of this said counter and continuation for the said Prevost, he must be on the left foot, and he need to cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, which is near the hilt at the middle of the sword as stated above several times, and present a thrust at the left nipple or at the eye of the said Lieutenant, having the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of his stomach which is below the sword elbow, as shown in the portraiture marked number 60 behind the hat.
 
And for the defense of this said counter and continuation for the said Prevost, he must be on the left foot, and he need to cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, which is near the hilt at the middle of the sword as stated above several times, and present a thrust at the left nipple or at the eye of the said Lieutenant, having the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of his stomach which is below the sword elbow, as shown in the portraiture marked number 60 behind the hat.
  
''This is the end of the six said strikes, being multiplied at the said clean targets, as stated above, with counters and continuations, both for the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
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''This is the end of the six said strikes, being multiplied at the said distinct targets, as stated above, with counters and continuations, both for the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
  
 
| ''Icy est la seconde & derniere opposite & suitte, dudit sixiesme coup, estant multiplié, qui est un estoc d’hault,sur le renvers, venant dudit estoc sur le maindroit pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost, dont la voicy executée.''
 
| ''Icy est la seconde & derniere opposite & suitte, dudit sixiesme coup, estant multiplié, qui est un estoc d’hault,sur le renvers, venant dudit estoc sur le maindroit pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost, dont la voicy executée.''
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''The end of the strike which is a low reversal, which will serve to gather information for the said Lieutenant to report back ignorance and not knowledge, as he has done.''
 
''The end of the strike which is a low reversal, which will serve to gather information for the said Lieutenant to report back ignorance and not knowledge, as he has done.''
  
''The following is what the said Prevost does for the defense of the said low reversal throw by the said Lieutenant.''
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''The following is what the said Prevost does to defend against the said low reversal throw by the said Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, the Prevost being also on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked number 122, and at this strike of the said Lieutenant having advanced the left foot to throw a low back-hand at the knee of the Prevost, which seeing the charge it, the said Prevost pull the right foot back and crosses his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, which is ignorant, as done daily by all of the ignorant demonstrators; but the skilled and the learned no longer does this, because he must gain time in everything, and especially in the art of fencing, as will be seen later and; and the said Prevost keeps his left hand right of his chest as shown at the said portraiture marked number 124.
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And to do this, the Prevost being also on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked number 122, and at this strike of the said Lieutenant having advanced the left foot to throw a low back-hand at the knee of the Prevost, which seeing him charge it, the said Prevost pulls the right foot back and crosses his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, which is ignorant, as done daily by all of the ignorant demonstrators; but the skilled and the learned no longer does this, because he must gain time in everything, and especially in the art of fencing, as will be seen later; and the said Prevost keeps his left hand right of his chest as shown at the said portraiture marked number 124.
  
''The end of the false strike that this said Prevost has done because he left the clean and took the unsuitable strike.''
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''The end of the false strike that this said Prevost has done because he has took the unsuitable and improper strike.''
  
 
| ''Le second coup, qui est un renvers de bas, qui servira d’espion pour mieux faire & executer la seconde subtilité, pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost.''
 
| ''Le second coup, qui est un renvers de bas, qui servira d’espion pour mieux faire & executer la seconde subtilité, pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost.''

Revision as of 14:42, 10 May 2021

Henry de Sainct Didier
Born 1530s (?)
Pertuis, Provence
Died after 1584
Paris, France (?)
Occupation Fencing master
Patron Charles IX of France
Influences
Influenced Salvator Fabris (?)
Genres Fencing manual
Language Middle French
Notable work(s) Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule (1573)
Translations Traducción castellano
Signature Henry de Sainct Didier sig.png

Henry de Sainct Didier, Esq. was a 16th century French fencing master. He was born to a noble family in Pertuis in the Provence region of France, son of Luc de Sainct Didier. Sainct Didier made his career in the French army, ultimately serving 25 years and seeing action in Piedmont, Italy from 1554 - 1555. He wrote of himself that he "lived his whole life learning to fight with the single sword" and eventually "reached a point of perfection" in his art. Apparently he became a fencing master of some renown, for in ca. 1573 he secured a royal privilege for a period of ten years for treatises on a number of weapons, including the dagger, single side sword, double side swords, sword and buckler, sword and cloak, sword and dagger, sword and shield (both rotella and targe), and greatsword. Unfortunately, only his treatise on the single side sword, titled Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule ("Secrets of the Premier Book on the Single Sword") and printed on 4 June 1573, is known to survive; it seems likely that the others were never published at all.

Treatise

Additional Resources

  • Hyatt, Robert Preston and Wilson, Devon. "The Single Sword of Henry de Sainct Didier." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
  • Sainct Didier, Henry de. The Single Sword of Henry de Sainct-Didier (Traicté Contenant Les Secrets Du Premier Livre Sur L'Espée Seule). Trans. Robert Preston Hyatt and Devon Wilson. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2009. ISBN 978-1581607048
  • Slee, Chris. Secrets of the Sword Alone. LongEdge Press, 2014. ISBN 978-0646926353

References

  1. Pristin : ancien, antérieur
  2. Insertion du « a ».
  3. Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.
  4. « L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.
  5. L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.
  6. précéder. « Préaller » subsiste en français sous la forme « préalable ».
  7. Il s’agit très probablement du maître d’arme italien Fabris Salvator de Padoue (1544-1617). Voir la note sur Fabris Salvator de Vigeant p. 162 et aussi les références à ses publications (Vigeant p. 55-56)
  8. Version alimentaire de l’adage « blanc bonnet et bonnet blanc ».
  9. Transcription la plus sûre du texte : « gran d erre »
  10. Serviteur du grand prêtre venu arrêter Jésus au Mont des Olivier et dont l’oreille coupée a été immédiatement guérie. Selon la lecture du passage, il est parfois pris pour celui qui soufflète Jésus.
  11. Un des anciens nom de l’abeille.
  12. Sens incertain ; peut-être s'agit-il d'une mauvaise graphie de « filial ».
  13. drillant : étincellant, brillant (dictionnaire de Nicot).
  14. Correction du texte d’origine donnant « peid ».
  15. Cette correction sur les images d'Henri de Saint-Didier indique que celles-ci ont été réalisées avant la version finale du texte.
  16. Le « o » de troisiesme est curieusement placé en exposant.
  17. Suppression du doublement de l'esperluette.
  18. Dupuis states the original says left but is incompatible with the rest of the text and the engraving.
  19. Proposition de correction de l’édition originale qui donne « gauche », en incohérence avec la gravure et le texte plus bas qui confirme que la posture du Lieutenent est identique à celle de la section précédente où c’était bien le pied droit qui était reculé.
  20. Deuxième remarque de l'auteur sur les gravures montrant que le texte a été retouché après réception des gravures. À comparer avec une remarque similaire faite dans le i.33.
  21. Correction du texte d’origine donnant « Leiutenent ».
  22. In modern fencing, dérobement is a fencing term for disengage.
  23. Correction de l'édition originale qui omet lors d'un changement de page le début du mot « haute »
  24. The position of the hand illustrates the fingers down, in opposition to the text.
  25. La position de la main illustrée a les doigts au-dessus, en opposition avec le texte.
  26. Proposition de correction pour « bessoin »
  27. Proposition de correction pour « avan-main »
  28. Proposition de correction pour « couté »
  29. Proposition de correction pour « Vola ».
  30. Proposition de correction pour « ongle »
  31. Sens inconnu.
  32. The technique.
  33. La tuition est un synonyme de « garde », « défense », très souvent employé à cette époque pour appuyer le mot « défense ».
  34. Proposition de correction pour « Provost »
  35. Proposition de correction de « du–sixiesme »
  36. Proposition de correction pour « persent ».
  37. The triangle represented here is not correct. The one marked 65 seems to better reflect the proposed movement.
  38. Proposition de correction pour « le ongles ».
  39. Le triangle représenté ici n'est pas correct, celui cotté 65 paraît rendre mieux compte du déplacement proposé.
  40. Dupuis thinks 75 represents this correct and that 73 is incorrect.
  41. Proposition de correction pour « Lieutent ». La marque indiquant une contraction a probablement été omise.
  42. On pourrait compléter : « ...et le mettre en 4 ». L'illustration 73 est incorrecte puisque le pied gauche est resté sur la semelle 1 et n'est pas placé sur la semelle 3 (à gauche) comme demandé ; la position des pieds de l'illustration 75 correspond à ce qui aurait dû être représenté.
  43. The Prevost shown at the portraiture does not correspond to the text since he is on the right foot
  44. Proposition de correction pour « dh’aut »
  45. Sic.
  46. Le prévôt représenté ici ne correspond pas au texte puisqu'il se tient sur le pied droit.
  47. The Prevost of 80 isn't on the left foot as written but is coherent with 78.
  48. Le prévôt de la figure 80 n’est pas sur le pied gauche comme écrit et mais reste cohérent avec la figure 78.
  49. It is meant to read as Prevost here.
  50. Il faut évidemment lire ici « Prevost ».
  51. Proposition de correction pour « suprint »
  52. Sic.
  53. Suppression du doublement de l'esperluette dans « sa cuisse gauche, & & tous ».
  54. Sic. Au XVIe siècle, le genre des mots était encore indécis.
  55. The author is announcing here another edition to augment his book which has never has been written.
  56. L’auteur annonce ici une prochaine édition augmentée de son oeuvre qui n’a a priori jamais eu lieu.
  57. Proposition de correction pour « ou ».
  58. Proposition de correction pour « mostré »
  59. Du latin médiéval « inquinatum » signifiant « pour combien »
  60. lit. bark or shell, outer layer. Idiom similar to "Don't judge a book by its cover.
  61. A vidimus is a certified copy of an earlier act
  62. of King Charles IX
  63. It must be either Pierre or Jean Brûlart who both served on Parliament
  64. If the seal is appended to the document with a strip of parchment, it is called a "queue". If there is a double strip, it is then called a "double queue".
  65. Dilection : attachement, amour pur.
  66. Un vidimus est la copie certifiée d'un acte antérieur.
  67. Il doit s'agit de Pierre ou Jean Brûlart (tout deux avait une charge au Parlement) qui signe pour le roi.