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Difference between revisions of "Henry de Sainct Didier"

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all fencing, which includes dagger, cape, targe, buckler, rondel, two handed swords, and dual-wielding swords with portraitures, that have the weapon in hand for throwing strikes to defend and offend at the same time, both offensively and defensively, which is very useful and advantageous to become a skillful noble and disciples of Mars; written for art, order, and practice.
 
all fencing, which includes dagger, cape, targe, buckler, rondel, two handed swords, and dual-wielding swords with portraitures, that have the weapon in hand for throwing strikes to defend and offend at the same time, both offensively and defensively, which is very useful and advantageous to become a skillful noble and disciples of Mars; written for art, order, and practice.
  
''Composed by Provencal Gentleman Henry de Saint Didier.''
+
''Written by Provencal Gentleman Henry de Saint Didier.''
  
 
DEDICATED TO THE MAJESTY OF THE VERY CHRISTIAN KING CHARLES THE NINTH.
 
DEDICATED TO THE MAJESTY OF THE VERY CHRISTIAN KING CHARLES THE NINTH.
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| LETTER TO THE KING.
 
| LETTER TO THE KING.
  
SIRE, It does not please me to say how many are to be praised for those who strive (as they say) to help or even perfect the nature of reducing the confusion to order, and in such a way that the face of it appeared rough, sick, and inaccessible; was made easy, accessible, and approachable by them. Even though the only harm that results from confusion and disorder, and among other things that are proper to the Gentlemen make them quite recommendable. Why would I turn my pen elsewhere to show you that to restore a battle that is in disarray, to put it back in its previous order, that a leader must be familiar with two things. To make sure decision to save time and the place, where and when to stop the broken ranks and by a feint to divert the enemies, while the remaining troops reform and regroup. That decision cannot be acquired, even the reason for it cannot be believed without the second point that I the leader must make is truly necessary, which is having the experience of things, from which arises the aforementioned decision. (SIRE) whoever wants to put art or doctrine back in order to avoid confusion lest in the end it will be wasted decision is required, arises from the experience seen through the exercise of the said art, which I have from having served in battle, very much for your grandfather as well as for your Majesty, for twenty years in Piedmont and elsewhere. I can justly attribute to myself having used my life to experience such arms, so much so that accumulating such evidence may have allowed me to to perfect the art and the practice of them. So seeing how confused and disordered they have been and are for today by everyone shown and practiced, have in my mind figured some model or idea, according to which as an example, I make sure that the order will not only be good, so the art that consists of it will be completely restored, and will reach closer to perfection, which I have longed for, both because of my powerlessness and extreme poverty (the enemy of good spirits) as well as to be prevented from serving you, kept hidden and buried among my papers in my office, where the Muses after martial efforts made me, and hope that will keep me company. But I now have the desire to give you a most humble and pleasant service, far from the zeal that all my life I have had to fencing and to those who enjoy them and who make a profession of them have allowed little, that in this time (when Mars gives us some respite) I have not been emboldened to present myself to your Majesty, something not worthy of such a great Monarch, but very suitable for the exercise of a common man, both in war and in peace, namely a treatise on the sword alone, mother of all fencing, that I wrote according to my opinions, which contains six points that I declare had never been organized and their proofs, both by reason and by effect attached to the end. Here (SIRE) will contain this little work, which is like a summary or collection of the first book that I still have beside me. If your Majesty appreciates this, by God giving me the grace to live, I hope by means of your Majesty to later enlighten others. Therefore (who is the first and foremost to extricate the nobility) I thought worthy of you, who is the protector and support of fencing, of this treatise, begging you most humbly, where and when it would be reputed by other, to please take my ardent affection, which for a long time has been dedicated to offer you most humble and pleasant service, in payment for employing me for something which this concerns, and I will be more than happy with endless opportunity and will, more than great to pray to the Sovereign Rector of the Universe to give you a long, and happy life. And for the boundary of your Empire to only be the Sea.
+
SIRE, It does not please me to say how many are to be praised for those who strive, as they say, to help or even perfect the nature of reducing confusion to order, and in such a way that the face of it appeared rough, sick, and inaccessible; was made easy, accessible, and approachable by them. Even though the only harm that results from confusion and disorder, and among other things that are proper to the Gentlemen make them quite recommendable. Why would I turn my pen elsewhere to show you that to restore a battle that is in disarray, to put it back in its previous order, that a leader must be familiar with two things. To make certain decisions to save time and the place, where and when to stop the broken ranks and by a feint to divert the enemies, while the remaining troops reform and regroup. That decision cannot be acquired, even the reason for it cannot be believed without the second point that I the leader must make is truly necessary, which is having the experience of things, from which arises the aforementioned decision. SIRE, whoever wants to put art or doctrine back in order to avoid confusion lest in the end it will be wasted, decision is required, arising from the experience seen through the exercise of the said art which I have from having served in battle, very much for your grandfather as well as for your Majesty, for twenty years in Piedmont and elsewhere. I can justly attribute to myself having used my life to experience such arms, so much so that accumulating such evidence may have allowed me to to perfect the art and the practice of them. So seeing how confused and disordered they have been and are for today by everyone shown and practiced, have in my mind figured some model or idea, which as an example, I make sure that the order will not only be good so the art that consists of it will be completely restored, and will reach closer to perfection which I have longed for, both because of my powerlessness and extreme poverty (the enemy of good spirits) as well as to be prevented from serving you, kept hidden and buried among my papers in my office where the Muses after martial efforts made me, and hope that will keep me company. But I now have the desire to give you a most humble and pleasant service, far from the zeal that all my life I have had to fencing and to those who enjoy them and who make a profession of them have allowed little, that in this time, when Mars gives us some respite, I have not been emboldened to present myself to your Majesty, something not worthy of such a great Monarch, but very suitable for the exercise of a common man, both in war and in peace, namely a treatise on the sword alone, mother of all fencing, that I wrote according to my opinions, which contains six points that I declare had never been organized and their proofs, both by reason and by effect attached to the end. SIRE, this here will contain this little work, which is like a summary or collection of the first book that I still have beside me. If your Majesty appreciates this, with God giving me the grace to live, I hope by means of your Majesty to later enlighten others. Therefore, you who is the first and foremost to extricate the nobility, I thought worthy of you, who is the protector and support of fencing, of this treatise, begging you most humbly, where and when it would be reputed by other, to please take my ardent affection, which for a long time has been dedicated to offer you most humble and pleasant service, in payment for employing me for something which this concerns, and I will be more than happy with endless opportunity and will, more than great to pray to the Sovereign Rector of the Universe to give you a long, and happy life. And for the boundary of your Empire to only be the Sea.
  
 
   
 
   
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| As for me I favor with experience and proof that the step which is done by standing on the left foot initially in putting sword in hand is better and more effective, both for attacking and for defending. How little that our past teachers keep to either on one or the other, give very little reason. For this reason I will conclude that there are no more than two steps in all the art to start this off.
+
| As for me I favor with experience and proof that the step which is done by standing on the left foot initially in putting sword in hand is better and more effective, both for attacking and for defending. How little that our past demonstrators keep to either on one or the other, give very little reason. For this reason I will conclude that there are no more than two steps in all the art to start this off.
 
   
 
   
 
| Quant à moy je soustiens avec l’esperience & preuve la desmarche qui se faict, soy tenant sur le pied gauche, pour la premiere foys, en mettant l’espée au poing, est la plus certaine & meilleure, tant pour l’assaillant que pour le deffendant. Combien que peu de noz encestres demonstrateurs s’y tiennent, & soy y tenant, tant sur l’un que sur l’autre, en donnent bien peu de raison. À ceste cause je concluray qu’il n’y a que deux desmarches en tout l’art, pour bien commencer iceluy.
 
| Quant à moy je soustiens avec l’esperience & preuve la desmarche qui se faict, soy tenant sur le pied gauche, pour la premiere foys, en mettant l’espée au poing, est la plus certaine & meilleure, tant pour l’assaillant que pour le deffendant. Combien que peu de noz encestres demonstrateurs s’y tiennent, & soy y tenant, tant sur l’un que sur l’autre, en donnent bien peu de raison. À ceste cause je concluray qu’il n’y a que deux desmarches en tout l’art, pour bien commencer iceluy.
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| Some teachers, when they define the said guards, start at the top. As for me, I start on the bottom, since everything begins at the foundations. For example, learned men do not start by teaching advanced level sciences; neither do masons start on the buildings when they construct houses; they start on the foundations. And so I start on the low guard which is the foundation to guarding well.
+
| Some demonstrators, when they define the said guards, start at the top. As for me, I start on the bottom, since everything begins at the foundations. For example, learned men do not start by teaching advanced level sciences; neither do masons start on the buildings when they construct houses; they start on the foundations. And so I start on the low guard which is the foundation to guarding well.
  
 
| Les aucuns demonstrateurs, quand ils definissent lesdites gardes, accommencent à la haute. Quant à moy, je commence à la basse, attendu que toutes choses se commencent aux fondements. Comme pour exemple, les gens doctes ne commencent à monstrer les sciences aux hautes, ne les maçons quand ils viennent à commencer à bastir les maisons, ne commencent pas à la tuille, ains au fondement. Et par ainsi je commence à la basse, qui est le fondement qu’on doit bien garder.
 
| Les aucuns demonstrateurs, quand ils definissent lesdites gardes, accommencent à la haute. Quant à moy, je commence à la basse, attendu que toutes choses se commencent aux fondements. Comme pour exemple, les gens doctes ne commencent à monstrer les sciences aux hautes, ne les maçons quand ils viennent à commencer à bastir les maisons, ne commencent pas à la tuille, ains au fondement. Et par ainsi je commence à la basse, qui est le fondement qu’on doit bien garder.
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|  
 
|  
 
| It is true that they can be multiplied in six clean targets on the human body, which must be kept well, as well as a good tennis player must keep the es<ref>Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.</ref> well, that the ball of the opposing party does not touch it. So too must a good fencer be careful that one of the three strikes do not hit the six targets that can be adapted as said, which will be seen later.
 
| It is true that they can be multiplied in six clean targets on the human body, which must be kept well, as well as a good tennis player must keep the es<ref>Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.</ref> well, that the ball of the opposing party does not touch it. So too must a good fencer be careful that one of the three strikes do not hit the six targets that can be adapted as said, which will be seen later.
 
  
 
| Bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier en six lieux propres sur corps humain, qui faut bien garder, tout ainsi qu’un bon joueur de paulme faut qu’il garde bien l’es,<ref>« L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.</ref> que lesteu<ref>L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.</ref> de partie adverse ne le touche. Aussi faut il qu’un bon tireur d’armes garde bien qu’un desdits trois coups ne touchent aux six lieux ausquels se peuvent adapter comme dit est, dont se verront cy apres.
 
| Bien est vray qu’ils se peuvent multiplier en six lieux propres sur corps humain, qui faut bien garder, tout ainsi qu’un bon joueur de paulme faut qu’il garde bien l’es,<ref>« L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.</ref> que lesteu<ref>L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.</ref> de partie adverse ne le touche. Aussi faut il qu’un bon tireur d’armes garde bien qu’un desdits trois coups ne touchent aux six lieux ausquels se peuvent adapter comme dit est, dont se verront cy apres.
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Following the aforementioned six points, someone named Fabrice and Jules came to see me once with some of his people, because they had heard talks of me, and they were told that I was writing a book on fencing and that I had dedicated it to the King. Avaricious and willing to know even more of the said fencing than they knew, they begged me to show them the said book, which I refused until his said Majesty had seen it, and then seeing their good will knowing that they had not come to chatter to try to see the contents of the said book, I am excited to discuss with them some points contained in the said fencing and asked them certain questions, which we will be able to see later, along with their responses, by which we can easily judge who best touches the goal of the true definition and demonstration of said fencing.
 
Following the aforementioned six points, someone named Fabrice and Jules came to see me once with some of his people, because they had heard talks of me, and they were told that I was writing a book on fencing and that I had dedicated it to the King. Avaricious and willing to know even more of the said fencing than they knew, they begged me to show them the said book, which I refused until his said Majesty had seen it, and then seeing their good will knowing that they had not come to chatter to try to see the contents of the said book, I am excited to discuss with them some points contained in the said fencing and asked them certain questions, which we will be able to see later, along with their responses, by which we can easily judge who best touches the goal of the true definition and demonstration of said fencing.
 
  
 
| ''Voicy la fin & declaration du sixiesme & dernier poinct, qui est necessaire de scavoir à tous, pour l’intelligence de ceste arme, & de toutes les autres qui sont du mesme subjet.''
 
| ''Voicy la fin & declaration du sixiesme & dernier poinct, qui est necessaire de scavoir à tous, pour l’intelligence de ceste arme, & de toutes les autres qui sont du mesme subjet.''
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| '''To the King.'''
 
| '''To the King.'''
  
'''By the gentleman Stephen of Guette.'''
+
'''By the Gentleman Stephen of Guette.'''
 
<poem>SIRE, it is all but certain that men are made
 
<poem>SIRE, it is all but certain that men are made
 
And created from nature ignorant and imperfect
 
And created from nature ignorant and imperfect
 
Crude in understnading and of earthly essence,
 
Crude in understnading and of earthly essence,
 
And that at first they had no knowledge,
 
And that at first they had no knowledge,
As we today do today with arts so marvelous,
+
As we today do with arts so marvelous,
 
Used by the world. Thereby heavy and sleepy,
 
Used by the world. Thereby heavy and sleepy,
 
And driven solely by natural instinct,
 
And driven solely by natural instinct,
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At their convenience, arousing them on purpose
 
At their convenience, arousing them on purpose
 
I know not desire, I know not envy,  
 
I know not desire, I know not envy,  
To change my manner and live another life.  
+
To change my manner and live another life.
 +
If awakened spirit and no longer accompany
 +
He planted vines and gathered wine,
 +
He sowed the fields, Dug the ground,
 +
And with force extracted metals and stone,
 +
Which he used to flank walls and built houses;
 +
The beasts he tamed and their fleeces softened,
 +
Flocks dressed in long, relentless iron
 +
A dreadful sword was made and polished.
 +
 
 
</poem>
 
</poem>
  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
! <p>Illustrations</p>
! <p>{{rating|Start}}</p> by John Tse
+
! <p>{{rating|C}}</p> by John Tse
 
! <p>[[Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule (Henry de Sainct Didier)|Transcription]]<br/>by [[Olivier Dupuis]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule (Henry de Sainct Didier)|Transcription]]<br/>by [[Olivier Dupuis]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|
 
|
| The following is how one must be planted to put the sword in hand, both in time of peace and in times of war, with the steps, guards, drawings placements required in this art, which is very necessary to those who wish to practice the said fencing.
+
| The following is how one must be planted to put the sword in hand, both in time of peace and in times of war, with the steps, guards, drawings, and placements required in this art, which is truly necessary to those who wish to practice the said fencing.
  
Four footprints are placed under the feet of the Lieutenant and Prevost, which is listed in number 1, and another in 2, and another in 3, and another in 4, which serves the Lieutenant and Prevost and everyone else, to teach how one must skillfully make all the steps, drawings, guards, and placement of the weapons well as imagined in this rectangle. <br>
+
Four footprints are placed below the feet of the Lieutenant and Prevost which are marked number 1, and another 2, and another 3, and another 4, which serves the Lieutenant and Prevost and everyone else to teach how one must skillfully make all the steps, drawings, guards, and placement of the weapons well as imagined in this rectangle. <br>
 
1      2 <br>
 
1      2 <br>
 
4      3
 
4      3
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 1-2.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 1-2.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''Position and general plan, to make the first step and the first, second, and third drawings, which is necessary to know, both for the attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost, and all those who love fencing, to carry the sword on their side.''
+
| ''The position and general plan to make the first step and the first, second, and third drawings, which is necessary to know both for the attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost and all those who love fencing, carrying the sword on their side.''
  
''Here then is the declaration of this position and plan for the Lieutenant.''
+
''Here follows the declaration of this position and plan for the Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this the Lieutenant first must have the feet together thus placed, keeping the left foot in the foot print where it is marked near number 1, and the right foot in the other footprint, where it is marked in number 2, keeping the right hand at the sword hilt, and the left hand on the scabbard of the sword, showing that he wants to teach the Prevost how one must be faced: as is shown above here at the portrait of the said Lieutenant marked number 1 behind the hat.
+
And to do this the Lieutenant first must have the feet together thus placed, keeping the left foot in the footprint marked close to number 1 and the right foot in the other footprint where it is marked number 2, keeping the right hand on the sword hilt and the left hand on the scabbard of the sword, showing that he wants to teach the Prevost how this must be made, as shown above at the portraiture of the said Lieutenant marked number 1 behind the hat.
  
''The end of what the said Leiutenant must do.''
+
''The end of what the said Leiutenant needs to do.''
  
 
''The declaration of the plan and position of the said Prevost.''
 
''The declaration of the plan and position of the said Prevost.''
  
And to do this the said Prevost needs to have the feet together, keeping the left foot in the footprint where it is marked above here in number 1, and the right foot in the other footprint marked above in number 2, keeping the right hand at the sword hilt, and the left hand at the scabbard, showing that he is ready to make the necessary first step, as shown by the said Lieutenant, which is the first, second, and third drawings, as is marked above at its portrait and figure in number 2.
+
And to do this the said Prevost needs to have the feet together, keeping the left foot in the footprint marked above at number 1 and the right foot in the other footprint marked above at number 2, keeping the right hand on the sword hilt and the left hand on the scabbard, showing that he is ready to make the necessary first step, as shown by the said Lieutenant, which is the first, second, and third drawings, as marked above at its portraiture and figure in number 2.
  
 
''This is the end and declaration of the said first plan for the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the end and declaration of the said first plan for the said Prevost.''
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 3-4.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 3-4.png|400x400px|center]]
| ''The guard to make and to execute the said first step and first and second drawings for the Lieutenant and Prevost.''
+
| ''The guard to execute the said first step and the first and second drawings for the Lieutenant and Prevost.''
  
And to do the said first step for the Lieutenant, he must have the feet together, as shown above at the first portraiture, marked in number 1, and being there, he must keep the right foot back on the footprint where it is marked number 3 above, which is for the first step. And at the same time, put the sword in hand, for the said first drawing carry the sword hilt higher than the right shoulder, placing the point of the sword straight at the left nipple, content 1, keeping the left hand right of the face, as shown above at the portraiture of the said Lieutenant, marked in number 3 behind the collar.
+
And to do the said first step for the Lieutenant, he must have the feet together as shown above at the first portraiture marked number 1, and being there he must pull the right foot back on the footprint marked number 3 below, which is the first step. And at the same time, put the sword in hand, for the said first drawing carry the sword hilt higher than the right shoulder, placing the point of the sword straight at the left nipple, content 1, keeping the left hand right of the face, as shown above at the portraiture of the said Lieutenant marked number 3 behind the collar.
  
 
''This is the end of the first drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
 
''This is the end of the first drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
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''Following is the second drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
 
''Following is the second drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
  
For the second drawing for the Lieutenant, he must have the feet together like so, as shown above at the first portraiture marked number 1. And to execute this said second drawing, he must move the right foot a little apart in the air, removing from the footprint which is marked 2, carrying the sword hilt, the drawing is higher than the shoulder and the placement of this as above content 1. And in an instant pass the sword by the head, extending strongly the arms, hold the sword hilt higher than the right shoulder, and place the point of the sword at the left nipples of the Prevost, as shown in the said portraiture in number 3.
+
For the second drawing for the Lieutenant, he must have the feet together like so as shown above at the first portraiture marked number 1. And to execute this said second drawing, he must move the right foot a little apart in the air, remove it from the footprint marked 2, carrying the sword hilt, drawing it higher than the shoulder, and the placement of this as above content 1. And in an instant pass the sword above the head, extending strongly the arms, keeping the sword hilt higher than the right shoulder, and placing the sword point at the left nipple of the Prevost, as shown in the said portraiture at number 3.
  
 
''The end of the second drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the second drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
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''This is the declaration for the first and second drawing for the said Prevost, which is to know how to put the sword in hand as taught by the said Lieutenant.''
 
''This is the declaration for the first and second drawing for the said Prevost, which is to know how to put the sword in hand as taught by the said Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, the said Prevost has to remember how he placed his said first plan as shown above in number 2, which is with the feet together, and being there, the said Prevost must make the said first drawing by pulling the right foot he has on footprint 2 behind to the footprint which is marked number 3, which is also the first step, and at the same time put the sword in hand, carrying the sword hilt higher and a bit above the right shoulder, placing the point of the sword to be on the high guard straight at the left eye, and keeping the left hand right of the left nipple to deflect the point of the sword of the said Lieutenant, if by fortune he wants to advance further, as is shown above in the portraiture marked in number 4.
+
And to do this, the said Prevost has to remember how he placed his said first plan as shown above in number 2, which is with the feet together, and from there the said Prevost must make the said first drawing by pulling the right foot on footprint 2 back to the footprint marked number 3, which is also the first step, and at the same time put the sword in hand, carrying the sword hilt higher and a bit farther than the right shoulder, placing the sword point straight at the left eye to be on high guard, and keeping the left hand right of the left nipple to deflect the point of the sword of the said Lieutenant if by fortune he wants to advance further, as shown above in the portraiture marked number 4.
  
 
''This is the end of the first drawing of the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the first drawing of the said Prevost.''
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''The following is the second drawing for the Prevost.''
 
''The following is the second drawing for the Prevost.''
  
And to execute the second drawing well, the Prevost must have the feet together, as shown in the said portraiture, marked at number 2, and being there, the said Prevost must pull the right foot out of the footprint where it was, which was in number 2, putting it down a bit, making the said second drawing, which is that he must carry the sword hilt in the middle guard, and the point straight at the left nipple. And to begin the third drawing, he must pass the sword above the head, extending strongly the arms, and carrying the sword hilt higher and a bit farther than the right shoulder, placing at the same time the point of the sword straight at the left eye of the said Lieutenant, and the left hand is kept right of the left nipple, as shown above in the first drawing, as is shown at the said portraiture marked behind the back of the person marked number 4.
+
And to effectively execute the second drawing, the Prevost must have the feet together as shown in the said portraiture marked number 2, and from there the said Prevost must pull the right foot out of the footprint where it was in number 2, putting it down a bit, and making the said second drawing which is that he must carry the sword hilt in middle guard, and the point straight at the left nipple. And to begin the third drawing, he must pass the sword above the head, extending strongly the arms, and carrying the sword hilt higher and a bit farther than the right shoulder, placing at the same time the sword point straight at the left eye of the said Lieutenant, and the left hand is kept right of the left nipple, as shown above in the first drawing and as shown at the said portraiture marked behind the back of the person marked number 4.
  
 
''The end of the first and second drawings for the said Prevost.''
 
''The end of the first and second drawings for the said Prevost.''
  
After having shown this first plan above, being to make the first and second drawings for the Lieutenant and the Prevost, stay for the demonstration of the third drawing, after which one will be able to see the guard and position to and to be able to execute and do it.''
+
After having shown this said first plan above, being to make the first and second drawings for the Lieutenant and the Prevost, stay for the demonstration of the third drawing, after which one will be able to see the guard and position to and to be able to execute and do it.''
  
 
| ''Garde pour faire, & executer ladite premiere desmarche, premier & second desgainement, pour le Lieutenent & Prevost.''
 
| ''Garde pour faire, & executer ladite premiere desmarche, premier & second desgainement, pour le Lieutenent & Prevost.''
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| ''Guard and position for commencing to make the third drawing for the demonstrating Lieutenant at the defending Prevost.''
 
| ''Guard and position for commencing to make the third drawing for the demonstrating Lieutenant at the defending Prevost.''
  
This third drawing for the Lieutenant is to be done with the feet together, as is stated above and shown at the said general plan, keeping the left foot on the footprint where it is marked below number 1, and the right foot at the footprint where it is marked 2, and in order to start well this said third drawing, the said Lieutenant must remove the right foot from the said footprint which is marked 2, and carry it forward in the air, making the first drawing, which can be seen above at its place in content 1, and while keeping the foot in the air, turn the sword hilt, the back of the hand down and the nails high, placing the point of the sword right at the belly, keeping the left hand behind, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 5 behind the hat.
+
This third drawing for the Lieutenant is to be done with the feet together, as stated above and shown at the said general plan, keeping the left foot on the footprint marked number 1 below, and the right foot at the footprint marked 2, and in order to effectively start this said third drawing, the said Lieutenant must remove the right foot from the said footprint marked 2 and carry it forward in the air, making the first drawing, which can be seen above at its place in content 1, and while keeping the foot in the air, turn the sword hilt, the back of the hand down and the nails high, placing the sword point straight at the belly, keeping the left hand behind, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 5 behind the hat.
  
 
''The end of the start of the said third drawing for the Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the start of the said third drawing for the Lieutenant.''
  
The third drawing for the said Prevost, starts by having the feet together, as is shown above in the plan of the said Prevost, marked number 2, keeping the left foot in the footprint, where it is marked near number 1, and the right foot in the other footprint where it is marked 2, and to start and do the said third drawing, the Prevost must put the right foot which is on the footprint marked 2 a bit up in the air. And doing the first drawing that has been made by the said Prevost above in content 1. And to complete this said drawing, he must turn the nails on the hand of the sword upwards, content 2, placing the point of the sword straight at the eyes, keeping the left hand behind, as is shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 6 behind the bonnet.
+
The third drawing for the said Prevost starts by having the feet together as shown above in the plan of the said Prevost marked number 2, keeping the left foot in the footprint marked near number 1, and the right foot in the other footprint marked 2, and to start and do the said third drawing, the Prevost must put the right foot which is on the footprint marked 2 a bit up in the air. And doing the first drawing that has been made by the said Prevost above in content 1. And to complete this said drawing, he must turn the nails on the sword hand upwards, content 2, placing the sword point straight at the eyes, keeping the left hand behind, as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 6 behind the bonnet.
  
 
''This is the end of the start of the said third drawing for the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the start of the said third drawing for the said Prevost.''
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| ''The last of the third drawing for the Lieutenant and the Prevost that is left to declare its properties and significance below as portrayed and completed here.''
 
| ''The last of the third drawing for the Lieutenant and the Prevost that is left to declare its properties and significance below as portrayed and completed here.''
  
In order to be good and graceful to complete the said third drawing for the Lieutenant, the said Lieutenant must do the plan portrayed above where he keeps the right foot forward in the air after having made the said first and second drawing marked in number 5 in order to complete this drawing, which is to leave the said right foot over the footprint marked number 3 in this portraiture, turning the back of the hand holding the sword hilt up, as done by the Lieutenant marked number 3 since the artist made a mistake with this one. Yet the Lieutenant is to keep his left hand, making sure that he keeps it well under his sword arm as shown at the portraiture number 7.
+
In order to be effective and graceful to complete the said third drawing for the Lieutenant, the said Lieutenant must do the plan portrayed above where he keeps the right foot forward in the air after having made the said first and second drawing marked in number 5 in order to complete this drawing, which is to leave the said right foot over the footprint marked number 3 in this portraiture, turning the back of the hand holding the sword hilt up, as done by the Lieutenant marked number 3 since the artist made a mistake with this one. Yet the Lieutenant is to keep his left hand, making sure that he keeps it well under his sword arm as shown at the portraiture number 7.
  
 
''The last of the said final third drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
 
''The last of the said final third drawing for the said Lieutenant.''
  
And in order to complete the said third drawing for the Prevost, he must come to be on the same plan as the above marked number 5 as shown with the preceding Prevost, who keeps the right foot in the air, keeping the back of the hand holding the sword hilt up, and to complete this said third drawing, the said Prevost must pull the right foot back from the air as is said above and leave it on the fooprint  marked number 3 at the portraiture, turning the nails on the sword hand down, placing the point of the sword straight at the face or better yet the left eye, and keeping the left hand right on the shoulder, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 8.
+
And in order to complete the said third drawing for the Prevost, he must come to be on the same plan as the above marked number 5 as shown with the preceding Prevost, who keeps the right foot in the air, keeping the back of the hand holding the sword hilt up, and to complete this said third drawing, the said Prevost must pull the right foot back from the air as stated above and leave it on the fooprint  marked number 3 at the portraiture, turning the nails on the sword hand down, placing the point of the sword straight at the face or better yet the left eye, and keeping the left hand right on the shoulder, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 8.
  
 
''This is the last and final said third drawing for the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the last and final said third drawing for the said Prevost.''
Line 1,033: Line 1,040:
 
| ''In these two portraitures that follows shows the guard and position for doing the second strike for the Lieutenant and the Prevost, in this following section of the sword alone.''
 
| ''In these two portraitures that follows shows the guard and position for doing the second strike for the Lieutenant and the Prevost, in this following section of the sword alone.''
  
To do this said guard for the Lieutenant well he must have his feet together, as shown above in the general position of the said Lieutenant marked number 9, which is for demonstrating how one must make all of the guards, which is required for all the said fencing.  And to do this guard for the said Lieutenant, being thus placed as is said, needs to pull his right foot back a little apart under the right side and at the same time put the sword in hand, carrying the sword hilt a little higher than the right shoulder which is the high guard, placing the point of the sword straight at the eyes, keeping the left hand under the left thigh, as marked at the portraiture number 21.
+
To do this said guard for the Lieutenant well he must have his feet together, as shown above in the general position of the said Lieutenant marked number 9, which is for demonstrating how one must make all of the guards, which is required for all the said fencing.  And to do this guard for the said Lieutenant, being thus placed as stated, needs to pull his right foot back a little apart under the right side and at the same time put the sword in hand, carrying the sword hilt a little higher than the right shoulder which is the high guard, placing the point of the sword straight at the eyes, keeping the left hand under the left thigh, as marked at the portraiture number 21.
  
 
''The end of the guard for the Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the guard for the Lieutenant.''
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| ''The following is the declaration, guard, and positioning of the fourth cut, which is a high backhand next on this section of the said sword alone for the Lieutenant and Prevost, and everything that must be done.''
 
| ''The following is the declaration, guard, and positioning of the fourth cut, which is a high backhand next on this section of the said sword alone for the Lieutenant and Prevost, and everything that must be done.''
  
And to do this, the Lieutenant must have the feet together to first make one of the said two drawings as said, and here is where the said Lieutenant places his right foot, which demonstrates the difference from where the left foot is placed, and the said Lieutenant keeps the sword hilt on the right lap in low guard placing the point of the sword straight at the lap of the Prevost, keeping the left hand opposite of his chin, as shown above at the portraiture and figure of the said Lieutenant, marked in number 37.
+
And to do this, the Lieutenant must have the feet together to first make one of the said two drawings as said, and here is where the said Lieutenant places his right foot, which demonstrates the difference from where the left foot is placed, and the said Lieutenant keeps the sword hilt upon the right lap in low guard placing the sword point straight at the lap of the Prevost, keeping the left hand opposite of his chin, as shown above at the portraiture and figure of the said Lieutenant, marked in number 37.
  
 
''This is the end of the position and guard for the attacking Lieutenant, which is to begin to throw the fourth strike.''
 
''This is the end of the position and guard for the attacking Lieutenant, which is to begin to throw the fourth strike.''
  
Following also the reasoning of the portraiture and positioning for the said defending Prevost, who after having made one of the said three drawings the said Prevost also remains on the step of the right foot in middle guard, keeping the sword hilt straight higher than the right shoulder, placing the point of the sword at the left nipple of the said Lieutenant, and keeping the left hand right of his stomach, as shown above at the portraiture marked in number 38.
+
Following also the reasoning of the portraiture and positioning for the said defending Prevost, who after having made one of the said three drawings the said Prevost also remains on the step of the right foot in middle guard, keeping the sword hilt straight higher than the right shoulder, placing the sword point at the left nipple of the said Lieutenant, and keeping the left hand right of his stomach, as shown above at the portraiture marked in number 38.
  
 
''This is the end of the guard for the said Lieutenant for throwing the fourth strike against the Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the guard for the said Lieutenant for throwing the fourth strike against the Prevost.''
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''Next is declared the guard and position for this said Prevost to defend himself from the said fifth strike which is the thrust thrown by the Lieutenant.''
 
''Next is declared the guard and position for this said Prevost to defend himself from the said fifth strike which is the thrust thrown by the Lieutenant.''
  
And to di this, the said Prevost is to also have the feet together to do this said guard and position, he then must pull his right foot back and do one of the three drawings, and to carry the sword hilt a bit higher than the right shoulder to be in high guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the point of the sword at the mouth of the said Lieutenant, also keeping the left hand right of the chest as shown and can be seen above at the said portraiture marked number 46.
+
And to di this, the said Prevost is to also have the feet together to do this said guard and position, he then must pull his right foot back and do one of the three drawings, and to carry the sword hilt a bit higher than the right shoulder to be in high guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the sword point at the mouth of the said Lieutenant, also keeping the left hand right of the chest as shown and can be seen above at the said portraiture marked number 46.
  
 
''This is the end of the position and guard for this said Prevost to defend and guard himself from the said thrust, the fifth strike, thrown by the said attacking Lieutenant.''
 
''This is the end of the position and guard for this said Prevost to defend and guard himself from the said thrust, the fifth strike, thrown by the said attacking Lieutenant.''
Line 1,367: Line 1,374:
 
''The following is the defense for the said fifth strike, which is a high thrust, made from a high right-hand by the defending Prevost against the said attacking Lieutenant.''
 
''The following is the defense for the said fifth strike, which is a high thrust, made from a high right-hand by the defending Prevost against the said attacking Lieutenant.''
  
And to do this, the said Prevost must be on the right foot, then pulls the left foot back, beats down and crosses the sword of the said Lieutenant with his own, strong on weak, which is to say to be near the middle guard, with the point of the sword a bit higher, the nails up, presenting a thrust at the said Lieutenant straight at his face, keeping the left hand of the said Prevost right of his left nipple, as shown by the portraiture and figure marked number 48 above. And if the said Prevost is left-handed and the said right-handed Lieutenant shoots a thrust at him, he must advance the right forward, and cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak as can be seen  by the example and exercise against a left-hander. It is true that if the Prevost is left-handed, the said Lieutenant or whoever must adapt to the left-handed Prevost to teach him, that is to say that he needs to be left-handed and make the first step be with the feet together and pulls the left foot on the footprint marked at the first portraitures 4, and leaves the footprint marked 1, strange as it seems and in its place.
+
And to do this, the said Prevost must be on the right foot, then pulls the left foot back, beats down and crosses the sword of the said Lieutenant with his own, strong on weak, which is to say to be near the middle guard, with the sword point a bit higher, the nails up, presenting a thrust at the said Lieutenant straight at his face, keeping the left hand of the said Prevost right of his left nipple, as shown by the portraiture and figure marked number 48 above. And if the said Prevost is left-handed and the said right-handed Lieutenant shoots a thrust at him, he must advance the right forward, and cross the sword of the said Lieutenant, strong on weak as can be seen  by the example and exercise against a left-hander. It is true that if the Prevost is left-handed, the said Lieutenant or whoever must adapt to the left-handed Prevost to teach him, that is to say that he needs to be left-handed and make the first step be with the feet together and pulls the left foot on the footprint marked at the first portraitures 4, and leaves the footprint marked 1, strange as it seems and in its place.
  
 
''The end and declaration of the said fifth strike for the said Lieutenant and the Prevost when one or the other is left-handed.
 
''The end and declaration of the said fifth strike for the said Lieutenant and the Prevost when one or the other is left-handed.
Line 1,440: Line 1,447:
 
| ''This is the guard and position of the Lieutenant and the Prevost for the sixth strike the thrust, multiplied at the sixth clean target on the defender.''
 
| ''This is the guard and position of the Lieutenant and the Prevost for the sixth strike the thrust, multiplied at the sixth clean target on the defender.''
  
One must declare this next guard and position to make and execute the thrust, which is the sixth and last strike and target, being as said multiplied in several strikes and counters of the sword alone above. And this is multiplied on the right side. One could begin to pull the left foot but will have to multiply the strikes, or execute them with a feint. But to begin this said guard by the said Lieutenant the said sixth strike, he will hold himself on the right foot in middle guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the point of the sword straight at the eyes of the Prevost, and the keeping left hand right of the chin, as shown at the portraiture marked number 53 behind the collar.
+
One must declare this next guard and position to make and execute the thrust, which is the sixth and last strike and target, being as said multiplied in several strikes and counters of the sword alone above. And this is multiplied on the right side. One could begin to pull the left foot but will have to multiply the strikes, or execute them with a feint. But to begin this said guard by the said Lieutenant the said sixth strike, he will hold himself on the right foot in middle guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the sword point straight at the eyes of the Prevost, and the keeping left hand right of the chin, as shown at the portraiture marked number 53 behind the collar.
  
 
One must note for left-handers to defend this said high thrust well, it is necessary that he holds on the left foot and crosses the sword with strong on weak for defense, as will be seen after the subsequent strike.
 
One must note for left-handers to defend this said high thrust well, it is necessary that he holds on the left foot and crosses the sword with strong on weak for defense, as will be seen after the subsequent strike.
Line 1,448: Line 1,455:
 
''The following is the declaration of the guard and position for the said Prevost, to prepare to defend from the said high thrust, which will be thrown after by the Lieutenant against the Prevost, the sixth and last strike being mulitplied as said at the sixth target.''
 
''The following is the declaration of the guard and position for the said Prevost, to prepare to defend from the said high thrust, which will be thrown after by the Lieutenant against the Prevost, the sixth and last strike being mulitplied as said at the sixth target.''
  
This said guard and position for the Prevost is, which must be on the right foot like the said Lieutenant, how much one can keep on the left foot, and advance the right foot, but at the last strike and target being mulitplied, we will perform the guard which is being done on the right foot. To do this, the said Prevost will be on the right foot in low guard, keeping the nails on the sword hand down, placing the point of the sword straight at the stomach of the said Lieutenant, and keeping his left hand right of the nipple, as we can see above at the portraiture and figure marked number 54 near the plume of the bonnet.
+
This said guard and position for the Prevost is, which must be on the right foot like the said Lieutenant, how much one can keep on the left foot, and advance the right foot, but at the last strike and target being mulitplied, we will perform the guard which is being done on the right foot. To do this, the said Prevost will be on the right foot in low guard, keeping the nails on the sword hand down, placing the sword point straight at the stomach of the said Lieutenant, and keeping his left hand right of the nipple, as we can see above at the portraiture and figure marked number 54 near the plume of the bonnet.
  
 
One must note that all the left-handed who follow the instrucion that I put, both for the Lieutenant and also the Prevost must make the opposite step, and similarly the drawings, and the strikes are also the opposite of right-handers, and those who strive to follow these said reasons will improve. Because experience will make them improve.
 
One must note that all the left-handed who follow the instrucion that I put, both for the Lieutenant and also the Prevost must make the opposite step, and similarly the drawings, and the strikes are also the opposite of right-handers, and those who strive to follow these said reasons will improve. Because experience will make them improve.
Line 1,502: Line 1,509:
 
''This is shown by the author Henry d S. Didier what the said Lieutenant must do to attack the Prevost well with the last strike and target of the said sword alone, following the art and order of this.''
 
''This is shown by the author Henry d S. Didier what the said Lieutenant must do to attack the Prevost well with the last strike and target of the said sword alone, following the art and order of this.''
  
And to do this, the said Lieutenant is to be on the left foot, having thrown the sixth strike as shown above at the portraiture marked number 55. His sword being on the back-hand and to make and execute the first counter well, this Lieutenant will steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and throws at him a thrust on the right-hand for the first counter, turning the nails on the sword hand up and the left hand right of his face, to protect against the point of the sword of the Prevost as shown above a the portraiture and figure marked number 57 behind the collar of the said Lieutenant.
+
And to do this, the said Lieutenant is to be on the left foot, having thrown the sixth strike as shown above at the portraiture marked number 55. His sword being on the back-hand and to make and execute the first counter well, this Lieutenant will steal away his sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost, and throws at him a thrust on the right-hand for the first counter, turning the nails on the sword hand up and the left hand right of his face, to protect against the sword point of the Prevost as shown above at the portraiture and figure marked number 57 behind the collar of the said Lieutenant.
  
 
''The end of the first counter and continuation of the sixth strike and target for the said attacking Lieutenant.''
 
''The end of the first counter and continuation of the sixth strike and target for the said attacking Lieutenant.''
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| ''Here are the guard and position to make two good and subtle strikes in the manner of a triangle or a rectangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
 
| ''Here are the guard and position to make two good and subtle strikes in the manner of a triangle or a rectangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
  
And to do this, this Lieutenant having done one of the said three drawings with his step remaining on the left foot which is planted and resting on the footprint which is marked number 1 and is in middle guard, placing the point of the sword straight at the left nipple of the Prevost, keeping the left hand over the left lap as marked number 61 above at the portraiture behind his hat.
+
And to do this, this Lieutenant having done one of the said three drawings with his step remaining on the left foot which is planted and resting on the footprint which is marked number 1 and is in middle guard, placing the sword point straight at the left nipple of the Prevost, keeping the left hand over the left lap as marked number 61 above at the portraiture behind his hat.
  
 
And if he is left-handed, he must keep his right foot on the said triangle if wants to execute and make the principal strike well as will be seen later, and he will keep the same guard if he is attacking as marked at the said portraiture of the said right-handed Lieutenant on number 61.
 
And if he is left-handed, he must keep his right foot on the said triangle if wants to execute and make the principal strike well as will be seen later, and he will keep the same guard if he is attacking as marked at the said portraiture of the said right-handed Lieutenant on number 61.
Line 1,564: Line 1,571:
 
''The following is the declaration, guard, and position of the said triangle for the defending Prevost.''
 
''The following is the declaration, guard, and position of the said triangle for the defending Prevost.''
  
And to do this, this Prevost must be on the left foot, keeping this foot on the corner of the triangle marked number 1 at the said portraiture, having made one of the said drawings with the proper step and the said Prevost is to remain in high guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the point straight at the left eye of the said Lieutenant, and the left hand right of his nipple, swiftly deflecting the point of the sword of said attacking Lieutenant, as shown above number 62 at the pourtraiture.
+
And to do this, this Prevost must be on the left foot, keeping this foot on the corner of the triangle marked number 1 at the said portraiture, having made one of the said drawings with the proper step and the said Prevost is to remain in high guard, keeping the back of the sword hand up, placing the point straight at the left eye of the said Lieutenant, and the left hand right of his nipple, swiftly deflecting the sword point of said attacking Lieutenant, as shown above number 62 at the pourtraiture.
  
 
''The end of the guard and position of the said defending Prevost.''
 
''The end of the guard and position of the said defending Prevost.''
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| ''And for the first counter and continuation of the said triangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost, the Lieutenant does a high thrust or high backhand.''
 
| ''And for the first counter and continuation of the said triangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost, the Lieutenant does a high thrust or high backhand.''
  
To do this counter and continuation well for the said Lieutenant, he must have his left foot on the footprint of the triangle marked number 1 in the portraiture, advance the right foot on the footprint marked number 3, and pass the point of the sword below the sword hilt of the Prevost, having made and thrown the said strike, and throw a high thrust on the right side of the Prevost for the first counter and continuation, keeping the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of the nipple, as shown at the said portraiture marked number 65.
+
To do this counter and continuation well for the said Lieutenant, he must have his left foot on the footprint of the triangle marked number 1 in the portraiture, advance the right foot on the footprint marked number 3, and pass the sword point below the sword hilt of the Prevost, having made and thrown the said strike, and throw a high thrust on the right side of the Prevost for the first counter and continuation, keeping the nails on the sword hand down, and the left hand right of the nipple, as shown at the said portraiture marked number 65.
  
 
''The end of the first counter and continuation of the said triangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
 
''The end of the first counter and continuation of the said triangle for the attacking Lieutenant against the defending Prevost.''
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''The following is the reverse of the second counter and continuation for the said Prevost.''
 
''The following is the reverse of the second counter and continuation for the said Prevost.''
  
And to do this, the said Prevost must be on the left foot having made his step, as stated above at the said figures of the said three drawings, marked number 2 and 4, also as shown above at portraiture 62 of the said Prevost, and to guard the said strike thrown by the said Lieutenant well in the manner and fashion of the triangle, the said Prevost needs to watch the point of the sword of the said Lieutenant and never lose sight of it, and when the Lieutenant advances his right foot to throw a high thrust or high backhand, the said Prevost must cross these strikes, strong on weak, and present a thrust at the face, as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 64, and to make and execute the second counter for the said Prevost, he will be on the right foot and cross the thrust coming on the backhand thrown by the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hand up, presenting a thrust at the face of the said Lieutenant, and keeping the left hand of the said Prevost right of the braies, as marked number 68 above.
+
And to do this, the said Prevost must be on the left foot having made his step, as stated above at the said figures of the said three drawings, marked number 2 and 4, also as shown above at portraiture 62 of the said Prevost, and to guard the said strike thrown by the said Lieutenant well in the manner and fashion of the triangle, the said Prevost needs to watch the sword point of the said Lieutenant and never lose sight of it, and when the Lieutenant advances his right foot to throw a high thrust or high backhand, the said Prevost must cross these strikes, strong on weak, and present a thrust at the face, as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 64, and to make and execute the second counter for the said Prevost, he will be on the right foot and cross the thrust coming on the backhand thrown by the said Lieutenant, strong on weak, keeping the nails on the sword hand up, presenting a thrust at the face of the said Lieutenant, and keeping the left hand of the said Prevost right of the braies, as marked number 68 above.
  
 
''This is the end and defense of the said strike for the said Prevost.''
 
''This is the end and defense of the said strike for the said Prevost.''
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| ''The following is the guard and position to make the third grab for the Lieutenant against the Prevost.''
 
| ''The following is the guard and position to make the third grab for the Lieutenant against the Prevost.''
  
And to do this the said Lieutenant having one of the said four drawings as he had been told, remaining on the left foot in middle guard, keeping the fingertips on the sword hand down, the placement straight at the left nipple of the Prevost, keeping the left hand upon the left thigh, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 97 behind the hat.
+
And to do this the said Lieutenant having made one of the said four drawings that he wanted, remaining on the left foot in middle guard, keeping the fingertips on the sword hand down, the placement straight at the left nipple of the Prevost, keeping the left hand upon the left thigh, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 97 behind the hat.
  
 
''This is the end of the guard and position for the said Lieutenant to prepare to make the third grab against the Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the guard and position for the said Lieutenant to prepare to make the third grab against the Prevost.''
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''This is the end of the said fourth and last grab of the said sword alone, both by the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
 
''This is the end of the said fourth and last grab of the said sword alone, both by the said attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
  
''Next we will be showing some good and subtle particular strikes extracted from the aforementioned strikes of the said sword alone that I call the subtleties that can and will be done both for attacking as well as for defending.''
+
''Next we will be showing some particularly good and subtle strikes extracted from the aforementioned strikes of the said sword alone which I call the subtleties that can and will be done both for attacking as well as for defending.''
  
 
| ''Quatriesme & derniere prinse, executée par le Prevost deffendeur contre le Lieutenent son demonstrateur, comme icy appert par ces pourtraitures, luy monstrant ce que luy a fait cy dessus.''
 
| ''Quatriesme & derniere prinse, executée par le Prevost deffendeur contre le Lieutenent son demonstrateur, comme icy appert par ces pourtraitures, luy monstrant ce que luy a fait cy dessus.''
Line 2,270: Line 2,277:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 113-114.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 113-114.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''The guard and position to make and execute the subtleties of the sword alone both for the attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the said demonstrating Lieutenant having made one of the said drawings, step, guard, and placement; must be on the left foot in high guard, keeping the sword even higher than the right shoulder, the the back of the hand up, and the nails down, placing the sword point at the face of the Prevost, and the left hand below his sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 113 behind his bonnet.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the position and guard for the said attacking Lieutenant.''
 +
 
 +
''The following is the definition, guard, and position for the said Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the said Prevost must have made one of the said drawings as he pleases, and having kept himself on the left foot in low guard, keeping the sword hilt upon the left knee, placing the point straight at the belt or the braies of the said Lieutenant, the cutting edge down, and the left hand right of the left nipple, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 114.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the said guard for the said Prevost.''
 +
 
 
| ''Garde & tenue, pour faire & executer les subtilitez de ceste espée seule, tant pour le Lieutenent assaillant, que pour le Prevost deffendant.''
 
| ''Garde & tenue, pour faire & executer les subtilitez de ceste espée seule, tant pour le Lieutenent assaillant, que pour le Prevost deffendant.''
  
Line 2,285: Line 2,303:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 115-116.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 115-116.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''The first strike which is a low right-hand thrown by the Lieutenant against the Prevost, which serves as intelligence gathering to report whether he is ignorant or knowledgeable.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the said Lieutenant being on the left foot in high guard as shown above at the said guard and position of the said subtlety marked number 113. And to execute the said subtlety well for the demonstrating Lieutenant, the said Lieutenant will advance the right foot and will throw a low right-hand at the leg, which serves as intelligence gathering to report whether the one against is ignorant or knowledgeable; because if he is ignorant he will cross the sword against sword, and if he is knowledgeable he will throw a right-hand at the sword arm. But it is good to see this Prevost is ignorant so he crosses with the sword of the said Lieutenant; show the Prevost the mistake that he made by beating down his sword and he throw a right-hand at the arms as will be done later. But at this strike he crosses the sword, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 115.
 +
 
 +
''This is how the said Lieutenant throws a low right-hand at the knee to determind the ignorant.''
 +
 
 +
''The following is the defense of the strike for the said Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the said Prevost must have made the same guard and placement above as shown at the portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 114. And to defend the strike of the right-hand at the knee thrown by the said Lieutenant, the said Prevost being ignorant like many demonstrators, pulls the left foot back and crosses his sword with the sword of the said Lieutenant, which is necessarily ignorance, but he totally is since he left the proper and took the unsuitable, which as stated and shown above at the said portraiture marked number 116.
 +
 
 +
''This is how the said Prevost defends himself from the first strike thrown by the said Lieutenant. He defends himself with what he knows due to human nature as shown many times because he would do the same even without having learned the art.''
 +
 
 
| ''Premier coup, qui est un maindroit de bas, tiré par le Lieutenent, qui sert d’espion, pour raporter ignorance ou scavoir, contre le Prevost.''
 
| ''Premier coup, qui est un maindroit de bas, tiré par le Lieutenent, qui sert d’espion, pour raporter ignorance ou scavoir, contre le Prevost.''
  
Line 2,300: Line 2,329:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 117-118.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 117-118.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''The guard and position for the said Lieutenant and the Prevost for the Lieutenant to show to the Prevost what he must do henceforth and not like what he did at the previous strike.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the said Lieutenant must also have made one of the three drawings of his choice, and the said Lieutenant having remained on the left foot in middle guard, placing the point of the sword straight at the left nipple, keeping the back of the sword hand up, and the left hand below the sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 117.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the guard of the said Lieutenant to execute the said subtlety, following the ignorance that the said Lieutenant saw of the said Prevost marked number 115 and 116.''
 +
 
 +
''The following script is for knowing the position and guard of the said Prevost for the said Lieutenant to execute the said subtlety, and showing it to the Prevost, as will be seen later at the next strike.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, this said Prevost must have also made the step as was done above this said Lieutenant, his demonstrator, and one of the said drawings, and having remained on the left foot in high guard, keeping even higher the sword hilt and the back of the sword hand up, placing the point straight at the face, keeping the left hand right of his nipple, as shown above at the portraiture of the said Prevost above marked number 118.
 +
 
 +
''This is the end of the guard and position for the said Prevost.''
 +
 
 
| ''Garde & tenue pour le Lieutenent & Prevost, pour monstrer par ce Lieutenent au Prevost, comment il faut qu’il face desormais, & non comme il a fait au precedent coup.''
 
| ''Garde & tenue pour le Lieutenent & Prevost, pour monstrer par ce Lieutenent au Prevost, comment il faut qu’il face desormais, & non comme il a fait au precedent coup.''
  
Line 2,315: Line 2,355:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 119-120.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 119-120.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''The first strike of the said subtlety, which is the first strike of the said sword alone, shown here by the Lieutenant and executed by the Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
The Lieutenant, to effectively make and show the Prevost the said right-hand, the first strike of the order of the said sword alone and of the said subtlety, must be on the left foot and advance the right foot while throwing a low right-hand at the knee of the Prevost, keeping his left hand right of his face as shown above at the portraiture marked 119.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the first strike which is a low right-hand thrown by this said Lieutenant and defended by the Prevost and executed wherever it is necessary.''
 +
 
 +
 
 +
''The following is everything that the said Prevost must do to defend and offend at the same time, with the said low right-hand at the knee thrown by the said Lieutenant against the said Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the Prevost being in high guard as shown above at the other said portraiture marked number 118 that the said Prevost has now seen, the said Lieutenant having thrown a low right-hand at his knee, the said Prevost recognizing this strike that he had done wrong to beat down the sword, and that only the step enough to guarantee himself from the right-hand, and so at this strike the said Prevost pulls the left foot back, and at the same time while defending, throws the said right-hand coming from the said high guard at the sword arm of the Lieutenant and presents again a thrust at the braies of the said Lieutenant, keeping the sword hilt high enough and the nails up, and the left hand right of the left nipple, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 120.
 +
 
 +
''The end of this subtlety for the said Prevost and everything that he must do, following the instructions of the said author and of his said Lieutenant.''
 +
 
 
| ''Premier coup de ladit subtilité, qui est sur le premier coup de ladite espée seulle, icy monstrée par ce Lieutenent & executée par ce Prevost.''
 
| ''Premier coup de ladit subtilité, qui est sur le premier coup de ladite espée seulle, icy monstrée par ce Lieutenent & executée par ce Prevost.''
  
Line 2,330: Line 2,382:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 121-122.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 121-122.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''The low guard and position to execute the second strike of the said subtlety, which is a low backhand, being on the right foot, will serve to gather information to report whether ignorant or knowledgeable, both for the attacking Lieutenant as well as for the defending Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
To skillfully and effectively execute the said second subtlety for the said Lieutenant, he must have made one of the said drawings and to throw the second strike the said Lieutenant must be on the right foot in low guard, the cutting edge of the sword down, the sword hilt upon the right lap, placing the sword point straight at the right thigh of the Prevost, keeping the left hand right of his braies as shown above at the portraiture marked number 121.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the declaration of the guard for the said Lieutenant.''
 +
 
 +
''The following is the declaration of the guard and position for the said Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the said Prevost must have made the same step, drawing, and nearly the same guard, that he keeps himself, and be on the right foot, keeping the sword hilt upon the right thigh, placing the sword point straight at or around the braies of the said Lieutenant, keeping the cutting edge of the sword down, and his left hand kept near close to his belt, the fingertips near the braies as shown above at the portraiture marked number 122.
 +
 
 +
''The end and position for the said Prevost.''
 +
 
 
| ''Garde & tenue basse, pour executer & faire le second coup desdites subtilitez, qui est un renvers de bas, estant sur le pied droit, lequel servira d’espion, pour rapporter ignorance ou scavoir, tant pour le Lieutenent assaillant, que pour le Prevost deffendant.''
 
| ''Garde & tenue basse, pour executer & faire le second coup desdites subtilitez, qui est un renvers de bas, estant sur le pied droit, lequel servira d’espion, pour rapporter ignorance ou scavoir, tant pour le Lieutenent assaillant, que pour le Prevost deffendant.''
  
Line 2,345: Line 2,408:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 123-124.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 123-124.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''The second strike which is a low backhand will serve to gather information to better execute the second subtlety for the Lieutenant against the Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the Lieutenant must be on the right foot in low guard as shown above at the other portraitures marked at the said Lieutenant in number 121. And being on this step and guard, he pretends to throw a thrust at the face of the Prevost and at the same instant advances the left foot and throws a back-hand at the right knee of the Prevost, keeping the sword hilt a bit high and keeping the left hand below the sword arm as shown above at the portraiture marked number 123 behind his bonnet.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the strike which is a low backhand, which will serve to gather information for the said Lieutenant to report back ignorance and not knowledge, as he has done.''
 +
 
 +
''The following is what the said Prevost does for the defense of the said low backhand throw by the said Lieutenant.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the Prevost being also on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked number 122, and at this strike of the said Lieutenant having advanced the left foot to throw a low back-hand at the knee of the Prevost, which seeing the charge it, the said Prevost pull the right foot back and crosses his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, which is ignorant, as done daily by all of the ignorant demonstrators; but the skilled and the learned no longer does this, because he must gain time in everything, and especially in the art of fencing, as will be seen later and; and the said Prevost keeps his left hand right of his chest as shown at the said portraiture marked number 124.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the false strike that this said Prevost has done because he left the clean and took the unsuitable strike.''
 +
 
 
| ''Le second coup, qui est un renvers de bas, qui servira d’espion pour mieux faire & executer la seconde subtilité, pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost.''
 
| ''Le second coup, qui est un renvers de bas, qui servira d’espion pour mieux faire & executer la seconde subtilité, pour le Lieutenent, contre le Prevost.''
  
Line 2,360: Line 2,434:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 125-126.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 125-126.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''The second strike which is a backhand at the arms of the Prevost thrown and executed by this Lieutenant against the Prevost, showing that he could do so, and without beating down on the sword, as he has does at the coming portraitures.''
 +
 
 +
And to do this, the said Lieutenant being on the right foot in low guard as stated and shown above marked number 121. And the said Lieutenant being on the right foot having pretended to throw a thrust at the face of the said Prevost, advances the left foot to pretend to throw a back-hand at the knee, the Prevost would want to beat down sword against sword as he normally does. The Lieutenant seeing this, winds back his sword and throws a back-hand at the elbow of the sword arm, keeping the left hand below the sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture marked 125 behind his bonnet.
 +
 
 +
''The end of the backhand executed and shown by the said Lieutenant to the Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
''The following is what the said Prevost does.''
 +
 
 +
The said Prevost being on the right foot in low guard as shown at the said portraiture marked 122, the said Prevost pulls his right foot back, throws a backhand at the arms of the said Lieutenant, and should not have crossed his sword with that of the said Lieutenant, as he had done returning to beat down the aforementioned strike which is how the said Lieutenant throws a backhand at his sword elbow, and keeping the said Prevost's left hand right of his left nipple, as shown above at the said portraiture marked number 126 behind his collar.
 +
 
 +
''The following is another very effective and subtle strike, leaving the backhand at the said arms, and coming with a thrust to the chest, crossing the sword of the said Prevost with the strong on weak, as shown here by the author at the Prevost and consquently the Prevost will have learned from the said Lieutenant.''
 +
 
 
| ''Second coup qui est un renvers sur le bras du Prevost tiré & executé par ce prochain Lieutenent contre le Prevost, monstrant que luy en pouvoit faire autant, & non rabattre de l’espée, comme il a fait cy dessus aux prochaines pourtaitures.''
 
| ''Second coup qui est un renvers sur le bras du Prevost tiré & executé par ce prochain Lieutenent contre le Prevost, monstrant que luy en pouvoit faire autant, & non rabattre de l’espée, comme il a fait cy dessus aux prochaines pourtaitures.''
  
Line 2,377: Line 2,462:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 127-128.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Sainct Didier 127-128.png|400x400px|center]]
|  
+
| ''Another very effective and subtle strike fro the Lieutenant against the Prevost, leaving the said back-hand at the elbow and throwing a thrust at the stomach, as shown here.''
 +
 
 +
To effectively execute the strike as a thrust, which is a subtle and very effective strike, the said Lieutenant needs to be on the right foot, and being there he will advance the left foot and will pretend to throw a low back-hand at the knee of the Prevost, the Prevost will think to beat it down so the Lieutenant will advance the left foot and instead of striking the arm, as he has done at the previous strike, he will cross the strong of his sword at the middle of the sword of the Prevost, and will present a thrust at the belly and will keep his left hand below the elbow of the sword arm, as shown above at the portraiture marked number 127 behind the plume of his hat.
 +
 
 +
''This is what the said Lieutenant does to effectively execute and show the said strike in the manner of the thrust at the Prevost.''
 +
 
 +
''The following is what the Prevost must do for the last strike of the sword alone.''
 +
 
 +
And this said and last Prevost of the entire treatise, being on the right foot, having seen that the Lieutenant wants to throw a low back-hand at the knee, the said Prevost pulled his right foot back and thinking to throw a back-hand at the sword arm of the said Lieutenant, as was shown by the above portraiture of the said Prevost marked number 125, and here the Prevost has found himself frustrated by the said execution of the said backhand, which he thought he was he doing well until the said Lieutenant beat him down, strong on weak, and presenting him a thrust, but this was done by the said Lieutenant to show the Prevost that he can make two of the aforementioned strikes - the aforementioned backhand and thrust - and the last said Prevost keeping his left hand right of his nipple to beat down the sword of the said Lieutenant, while he crosses the strong on weak and cannot defend with his sword unless he throws a thrust, if not with his left hand as shown above at the portraiture marked number 128 near the plume of his bonnet.
 +
 
 +
''This is the end and the defense of the said strike for the last Prevost against the said Lieutenant, and every other content of in the treatise of the sword alone as stated, mother of all fencing.''
 +
 
 +
''Made and written by Henry de Saint Didier, Squire, Provencal Gentleman.''
 +
 
 +
''Next thing written by the Author is about tennis and fencing with the points and reasons that will be declared afterwards.''
 +
 
 
| ''Autre fort bon, & subtil coup pour le Lieutenent contre le Prevost, laissant ledit arrieremain sur le coude & tirer un estoc au ventre, comme est monstré icy.''
 
| ''Autre fort bon, & subtil coup pour le Lieutenent contre le Prevost, laissant ledit arrieremain sur le coude & tirer un estoc au ventre, comme est monstré icy.''
  
Line 2,392: Line 2,492:
 
''Fait & composé par Henry de Sainct Didier, Escuyer, Gentilhomme Provencal.''
 
''Fait & composé par Henry de Sainct Didier, Escuyer, Gentilhomme Provencal.''
  
Sensuit cy aprés un traité composé par l’Auteur, qui est de la paulme avec les armes, avec les points & raisons cy aprés declarez.
+
''Sensuit cy aprés un traité composé par l’Auteur, qui est de la paulme avec les armes, avec les points & raisons cy aprés declarez.''
  
 
|-  
 
|-  

Revision as of 23:34, 13 February 2021

Henry de Sainct Didier
Born 1530s (?)
Pertuis, Provence
Died after 1584
Paris, France (?)
Occupation Fencing master
Patron Charles IX of France
Influences
Influenced Salvator Fabris (?)
Genres Fencing manual
Language Middle French
Notable work(s) Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule (1573)
Translations Traducción castellano
Signature Henry de Sainct Didier sig.png

Henry de Sainct Didier, Esq. was a 16th century French fencing master. He was born to a noble family in Pertuis in the Provence region of France, son of Luc de Sainct Didier. Sainct Didier made his career in the French army, ultimately serving 25 years and seeing action in Piedmont, Italy from 1554 - 1555. He wrote of himself that he "lived his whole life learning to fight with the single sword" and eventually "reached a point of perfection" in his art. Apparently he became a fencing master of some renown, for in ca. 1573 he secured a royal privilege for a period of ten years for treatises on a number of weapons, including the dagger, single side sword, double side swords, sword and buckler, sword and cloak, sword and dagger, sword and shield (both rotella and targe), and greatsword. Unfortunately, only his treatise on the single side sword, titled Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule ("Secrets of the Premier Book on the Single Sword") and printed on 4 June 1573, is known to survive; it seems likely that the others were never published at all.

Treatise

Additional Resources

  • Hyatt, Robert Preston and Wilson, Devon. "The Single Sword of Henry de Sainct Didier." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
  • Sainct Didier, Henry de. The Single Sword of Henry de Sainct-Didier (Traicté Contenant Les Secrets Du Premier Livre Sur L'Espée Seule). Trans. Robert Preston Hyatt and Devon Wilson. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2009. ISBN 978-1581607048
  • Slee, Chris. Secrets of the Sword Alone. LongEdge Press, 2014. ISBN 978-0646926353

References

  1. Pristin : ancien, antérieur
  2. Insertion du « a ».
  3. Dupuis describes this as a wooden board placed in the back wall of the tennis court which, if hit by a volley, is scored immediately. In modern tennis, this board is replaced by a grid.
  4. « L'es », habituellement orthographiée « ais », désigne une planche de bois placée dans le mur du fond de la salle de jeu de paume qui, si elle est touchée par un coup de volée, donne le point immédiatement. Dans le jeu de paume moderne, cette planche est remplacée par une grille. Il est possible que cet « ais » ait donné le terme anglais d'« ace » que les étymologies modernes confondent avec l'« as » du jeu de carte. Voir la définition d' « ais » de l'Encyclopédie de Diderot et d'Alembert.
  5. L’esteuf : ancien nom pour la balle.
  6. précéder. « Préaller » subsiste en français sous la forme « préalable ».
  7. Il s’agit très probablement du maître d’arme italien Fabris Salvator de Padoue (1544-1617). Voir la note sur Fabris Salvator de Vigeant p. 162 et aussi les références à ses publications (Vigeant p. 55-56)
  8. Version alimentaire de l’adage « blanc bonnet et bonnet blanc ».
  9. Transcription la plus sûre du texte : « gran d erre »
  10. Serviteur du grand prêtre venu arrêter Jésus au Mont des Olivier et dont l’oreille coupée a été immédiatement guérie. Selon la lecture du passage, il est parfois pris pour celui qui soufflète Jésus.
  11. Un des anciens nom de l’abeille.
  12. Sens incertain ; peut-être s'agit-il d'une mauvaise graphie de « filial ».
  13. drillant : étincellant, brillant (dictionnaire de Nicot).
  14. Correction du texte d’origine donnant « peid ».
  15. Cette correction sur les images d'Henri de Saint-Didier indique que celles-ci ont été réalisées avant la version finale du texte.
  16. Le « o » de troisiesme est curieusement placé en exposant.
  17. Suppression du doublement de l'esperluette.
  18. Dupuis states the original says left but is incompatible with the rest of the text and the engraving.
  19. Proposition de correction de l’édition originale qui donne « gauche », en incohérence avec la gravure et le texte plus bas qui confirme que la posture du Lieutenent est identique à celle de la section précédente où c’était bien le pied droit qui était reculé.
  20. Deuxième remarque de l'auteur sur les gravures montrant que le texte a été retouché après réception des gravures. À comparer avec une remarque similaire faite dans le i.33.
  21. per Dupuis's transcription, it's literally "backhand" as opposed to the technique before named "renver" for whatever reason Didier thought to use a different word this time. I've included a hyphen to differentiate but I think it's supposed to be the same.
  22. Correction du texte d’origine donnant « Leiutenent ».
  23. In modern fencing, dérobement is a fencing term for disengage.
  24. Correction de l'édition originale qui omet lors d'un changement de page le début du mot « haute »
  25. The position of the hand illustrates the fingers down, in opposition to the text.
  26. La position de la main illustrée a les doigts au-dessus, en opposition avec le texte.
  27. Proposition de correction pour « bessoin »
  28. Proposition de correction pour « avan-main »
  29. Proposition de correction pour « couté »
  30. Proposition de correction pour « Vola ».
  31. Proposition de correction pour « ongle »
  32. Sens inconnu.
  33. The technique.
  34. La tuition est un synonyme de « garde », « défense », très souvent employé à cette époque pour appuyer le mot « défense ».
  35. Proposition de correction pour « Provost »
  36. Proposition de correction de « du–sixiesme »
  37. Proposition de correction pour « persent ».
  38. The triangle represented here is not correct. The one marked 65 seems to better reflect the proposed movement.
  39. Proposition de correction pour « le ongles ».
  40. Le triangle représenté ici n'est pas correct, celui cotté 65 paraît rendre mieux compte du déplacement proposé.
  41. Dupuis thinks 75 represents this correct and that 73 is incorrect.
  42. Proposition de correction pour « Lieutent ». La marque indiquant une contraction a probablement été omise.
  43. On pourrait compléter : « ...et le mettre en 4 ». L'illustration 73 est incorrecte puisque le pied gauche est resté sur la semelle 1 et n'est pas placé sur la semelle 3 (à gauche) comme demandé ; la position des pieds de l'illustration 75 correspond à ce qui aurait dû être représenté.
  44. The Prevost shown at the portraiture does not correspond to the text since he is on the right foot
  45. Proposition de correction pour « dh’aut »
  46. Sic.
  47. Le prévôt représenté ici ne correspond pas au texte puisqu'il se tient sur le pied droit.
  48. The Prevost of 80 isn't on the left foot as written but is coherent with 78.
  49. Le prévôt de la figure 80 n’est pas sur le pied gauche comme écrit et mais reste cohérent avec la figure 78.
  50. It is meant to read as Prevost here.
  51. Il faut évidemment lire ici « Prevost ».
  52. Proposition de correction pour « suprint »
  53. Sic.
  54. Suppression du doublement de l'esperluette dans « sa cuisse gauche, & & tous ».
  55. Sic. Au XVIe siècle, le genre des mots était encore indécis.
  56. The author is announcing here another edition to augment his book which has never has been written.
  57. L’auteur annonce ici une prochaine édition augmentée de son oeuvre qui n’a a priori jamais eu lieu.
  58. Proposition de correction pour « ou ».
  59. Proposition de correction pour « mostré »
  60. Du latin médiéval « inquinatum » signifiant « pour combien »
  61. lit. bark or shell, outer layer. Idiom similar to "Don't judge a book by its cover.
  62. Dilection : attachement, amour pur.
  63. Un vidimus est la copie certifiée d'un acte antérieur.
  64. Il doit s'agit de Pierre ou Jean Brûlart (tout deux avait une charge au Parlement) qui signe pour le roi.