Florius de Arte Luctandi ("The Flower of Battle", MS Latin 11269) is an Italian fencing manual translated from a treatise authored by Fiore de'i Liberi and probably created in the 1410s or 20s.[1] The original currently rests in the holdings of the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris, France. MS Latin 11269 is written in a semigothic script on parchment in a pasteboard leather binding; the illustrations are inked and painted, with gold leafing on the crowns and garters. This manuscript is generally referred to as either the Florius or the Paris.
Any preface MS Latin 11269 once possessed is missing from the current form of the manuscript, and its current title was added much later in a 17th century hand. It consists of 44 folios with two pairings per page, and is the only copy of Fiore's treatise whose illustrations are fully painted. Unlike the other versions of his work, this manuscript is written entirely in Latin.
Determining the derivation of this manuscript is difficult. Its descriptions are cast in couplets and quatrains that closely resemble those of the Pisani Dossi version (FLPD), though often in a jumbled and semi-coherent fashion. The sequence is comparable to that of the Morgan version (FLM), beginning with mounted fighting and ending with wrestling on foot. The illustrations, though painted, often resemble those of the Getty version (FLG). Finally, in terms of content it contains plays otherwise unique to each of the other three manuscripts.
Provenance
The known provenance of the MS Latin 11269 is:[2]
- Written in the early 15th century, probably after the completion of Flos Duellatorum in 1409.
- 1467 - Possibly the Ms. 75 in the catalog of the Biblioteca Estense, in which case the description at the time was "Book on fighting called Florius friuiolen, teaching the form of fencing actions in the duel, cursive lettering, small format, illustrated in many ways on many different pages with letters above the figures, with a white eagle and two crests depicted over the first page, covered in white sheepskin with bosses and one clasp. The number of pages written and unwritten are 58".[3]
- ca. 1635 – rebound by a master papermaker who worked at the Puy-moyen mill for Sieur Janssen.
- before 1712 – in the Pontchartrain library, owned by Louis Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain (1643-1727). Donated to the Bibliothèque du Roi, where it was labeled Florius de Art Luctandi.
- 1712-present – held by the Bibliothèque du Roi/Bibliothèque nationale de France.
Contents
Gallery
A collation diagram for this manuscript is available on the
index page.
Additional Resources
The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.
- Baudet, Émeline (2013). Édition du Florius, de arte luctandi, BNF lat. 11269 [Unpublished thesis]. Paris: Université Paris Sorbonne.
- Lodà, Francesco (2014). Florius. De arte luctandi. Traduzione e cura del testo di Francesco Lodà. Rome: Bonanno Editore. ISBN 978-88-96950-86-9.
- Lodà, Francesco (2023). Florius. Reloaded. Rome: Eterea Edizioni. ISBN 978-88-32069-28-0.
- Marsden, Richard (2019). The Flower of Battle: MS Latin 11269. Trans. by Benjamin Winnick. Tyrant Industries. ISBN 978-0-9847716-3-9.
- Mondschein, Ken (2011). "Notes on Bibliothèque Nationale MS Lat. 11269, Florius de Arte Luctandi." Arms & Armour 8(2): 117-122. doi:10.1179/174962611X13097916223163.
- Mondschein, Ken; Gregory Mele (2018). Flowers of Battle, Volume 3: Florius de Arte Luctandi. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press. ISBN 978-1-937439-19-4.
- Mondschein, Ken (2018). "On the Art of Fighting: A Humanist Translation of Fiore dei Liberi's Flower of Battle Owned by Leonello D'Este." Acta Periodica Duellatorum 6(1): 99-135. doi:10.2478/apd-2018-0004.
- Палій, Людмила Іванівна (2020). "Витоки художнього стилю ілюстрацій «Квітки Битви» майстра Фіоре Фріулано деі Лібері." Науковий вісник Ужгородського університету 2(43): 84-102. doi:10.24144/2523-4498.2(43).2020.217366.
References
Copyright and License Summary
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
