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− | {{ | + | {{infobox manuscript |
<!----------Name----------> | <!----------Name----------> | ||
− | | name | + | | name = [[name::Goliath Fechtbuch]] |
− | | location | + | | location = [[inventory::MS germ. quart. 2020]], [[museum::Biblioteka Jagiellońska]]<br/>Kraków, Poland |
<!----------Image----------> | <!----------Image----------> | ||
− | | imageleft | + | | imageleft = File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Iv.jpg |
− | | imageright | + | | imageright = File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 IIr.jpg |
− | | width | + | | width = x150px |
− | | caption | + | | caption = David and Goliath, Ⅰv - Ⅱr |
<!----------General----------> | <!----------General----------> | ||
− | | Index number | + | | Index number = [[WI::—]] |
− | | Wierschin's catalog=[[WC::—]] | + | | Wierschin's catalog= [[WC::—]] |
− | | Hils' catalog | + | | Hils' catalog = [[HK::29]] |
− | | Beck catalog | + | | Beck catalog = {{plainlist |
− | | Also known as | + | | [[BC::38.1.3]] |
− | | Type | + | | [[BC::38.4.1]] |
− | | Date | + | }} |
− | | Place of origin | + | | Also known as = MS 5879 |
− | | Language(s) | + | | Type = {{plainlist |
− | | Scribe(s) | + | | [[type::Fencing manual]] |
− | | Author(s) | + | | [[type::Wrestling manual]] |
− | + | }} | |
− | + | | Date = [[year::1535-1540|1535 - 1540]] | |
− | + | | Place of origin = Augsburg or Landshut | |
− | + | | Language(s) = [[language::Early New High German]] | |
− | + | | Scribe(s) = Unknown | |
− | + | | Author(s) = {{collapsible list | |
− | + | | [[author::Peter Falkner]] | |
− | }} | + | | [[author::Martin Huntsfeld]] |
− | | Compiled by | + | | [[author::Johannes Liechtenauer]] |
− | | Illuminated by | + | | [[author::Andre Lignitzer]] |
− | | Patron | + | | [[author::Ott Jud]] |
− | | Dedicated to | + | | [[author::Andre Paurenfeyndt]] |
+ | }} | ||
+ | | Compiled by = [[Georg Lemberger]] | ||
+ | | Illuminated by = [[artist::Georg Lemberger]] | ||
+ | | Patron = Unknown | ||
+ | | Dedicated to = | ||
<!----------Form and content----------> | <!----------Form and content----------> | ||
− | | Material | + | | Material = Paper, with a modern leather binding |
− | | Size | + | | Size = 285 [[folia]] (200 mm × 217 mm) |
− | | Format | + | | Format = Double-sided; text with scattered <br/>illustrations |
− | | Condition | + | | Condition = |
− | | Script | + | | Script = |
− | | Contents | + | | Contents = |
− | | Illumination(s) | + | | Illumination(s) = |
− | | Additions | + | | Additions = |
− | | Exemplar(s) | + | | Exemplar(s) = |
− | | Previously kept | + | | Previously kept = |
− | | Discovered | + | | Discovered = |
− | | Website | + | | Website = |
− | | Images | + | | Images = {{plainlist |
− | | below | + | | [http://fbc.pionier.net.pl/id/oai:jbc.bj.uj.edu.pl:350451 Digital scans] |
+ | | [[:category:MS Germ.Quart.2020|Digital scans]] (2300x2600) | ||
+ | | [http://www.thearma.org/Manuals/Goliath/Goliath.htm Microfilm scans] | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | | below = | ||
}} | }} | ||
− | The '''Goliath Fechtbuch''' (MS | + | The '''Goliath Fechtbuch''' (MS germ. quart. 2020) is a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created between 1535 and 1540,<ref>Welle 2017, p 9. The date of "1510 - 1520" on the [[:File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Cover 2.jpg|inside cover]] is a later addition, and seems to be incorrect.</ref> possibly by [[Georg Lemberger]] (1495/1500-1540/45).<ref>Welle 2017, p 20.</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Biblioteka Jagiellońska]] in Kraków, Poland. It is generally nicknamed "Goliath" due to the depiction of the Biblical confrontation between David and the giant Goliath on the inside cover. The reason for the inclusion of this painting is entirely unclear, though it may simply come down to the popularity of the story in this period as an example of a righteous single combat. (It may also be an allusion to the size of the [[sword]]s depicted in the illustrations of unarmored fencing.) |
− | Goliath is a compilation text consisting of treatises on a variety of martial topics by several different masters, most of whom who stood in the tradition of the grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]. The first several sections include elaborately painted illustrations, but the | + | Goliath is a compilation text consisting of treatises on a variety of martial topics by several different masters, most of whom who stood in the tradition of the grand master [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]. There appears to be a single illustrator throughout, and potentially a single scribe as well, despite the number of different scripts employed.<ref>Welle 2017, pp 10-11.</ref> The first several sections include elaborately painted illustrations, but the illustrations cease abruptly toward the beginning of the section on [[armored fencing]], with the final few illustrations being merely rough line drawings. This, in addition to the presence of blank spaces through the rest of the manuscript, seems to suggest that additional illustrations were planned but never completed (perhaps due to Lemberger's death some time after 1537). |
+ | |||
+ | Zabinski assumes that the date on the cover is correct and speculates based on a number of factors that Goliath was commissioned for Maximilian Ⅰ (1459-1519), a well-known aficionado of military texts.<ref>Zabinski 2010, pp 83-91.</ref> Welle, however, rejects this hypothesis and date, and arrives at a date in the latter 1530s based on handwriting and watermark analysis.<ref>Welle 2017, pp 9-11.</ref> | ||
== Provenance == | == Provenance == | ||
− | The known provenance of the MS German Quarto 2020 is: | + | The known provenance of the MS German Quarto 2020 is:<ref>Welle 2017, pp 6-8.</ref> |
− | * | + | * Created between 1535 and 1540 in southern Germany by [[Georg Lemberger]]. |
− | * before 1564 – partially copied by [[Lienhart Sollinger]] into a manuscript included in the [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)| | + | * before 1564 – partially copied by [[Lienhart Sollinger]] into a manuscript included in the [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Cod. Ⅰ.6.2º.2]]. |
− | * before 1923 – owned by Johann Ludwig Burckhardt ( | + | * before 1923 – owned by Johann Ludwig Burckhardt (1807-1878) and Jean Louis Burckhardt (1883-1943). The terms of ownership of both men are unknown; sold 1923. |
− | * 1923-1938 – held by Fischer | + | * 1923-1938 – held by Fischer Gallery and Kunsthandel A.-G. Böhler & Steinmeyer in Luzern, Germany (sold to the [[Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin]], 1938). Offered to [[Robert Lyons Scott]] several times in 1935, but no sale took place. |
− | * 1938- | + | * 1938-1946 – held by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin in Berlin, Germany; moved to Fürstenstein Castle in 1941, and then Grüssau monastery in 1944. Transferred to Kraków after World War Ⅱ. |
− | * | + | * 1946-present – held by the Biblioteka Jagiellońska in Kraków, Poland. |
== Contents == | == Contents == | ||
− | {| class=" | + | {| class="treatise" |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! id="page" | | + | ! id="page" | Ⅰr - Ⅱv |
− | + | | {{treatise begin | |
− | + | | title = Front matter | |
− | + | | width = 90m | |
− | |||
− | | {{ | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
− | {| class=" | + | {| class="treatisecontent" |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! <p> | + | ! <p>Illustrations</p> |
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</p> | ! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</p> | ||
− | ! <p>Transcription | + | ! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</p> |
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Cover 2.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Cover 2.jpg|400px|center]] |
| | | | ||
− | 10185<br/> | + | 10185<br/>Schweiz<br/>1510-1520<br/>RY/EY<br/> |
− | Schweiz<br/> | ||
− | 1510-1520<br/> | ||
− | RY/EY<br/> | ||
− | {{dec|u| | + | {{dec|u|Burckhardt-Schönauer Maler}} |
− | {{dec|u| | + | {{dec|u|Gellertstrasse ₦º 2. Basel}} |
Line 107: | Line 110: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Ir.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Ir.jpg|400px|center]] |
| | | | ||
au.ms.1938.30 | au.ms.1938.30 | ||
Line 120: | Line 123: | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Iv.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 Iv.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>It is a most beautiful play when one can see that they are punished, not by a stranger's, but by their own work, stabbed to death with their own sword; and their head is chopped off with their own sword, as it happened to Goliath.</p> |
− | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|Iv|jpg}} | + | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|Iv|jpg|lbl=Ⅰv}} |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | class="noline" rowspan="2" | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 IIr.jpg|400px|center]] | ||
+ | | <p>This figure is '''Goliath''': he was a terrible cruel giant, whom all men feared except for little David (that is, Christ) who alone killed him, and chopped his head off with his own sword, which was the sword of old Jesse, as one can read in the First Book of Kings, chapter 21.<ref>Actually First Samuel 17.</ref></p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 IIr.jpg|1|lbl=Ⅱr}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | class="noline" | <p>Because he prepared and ordered the death in order to overcome and cut away sins.</p> |
− | | | + | | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 IIr.jpg|2|lbl=-}} |
− | | {{ | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | {{ | + | {{treatise end}} |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Johannes Liechtenauer|1r - 7r]] | ! [[Johannes Liechtenauer|1r - 7r]] | ||
− | | [[ | + | | [[Recital]] on [[long sword]] fencing by [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig|7v - 73v]] | ! [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig|7v - 73v]] | ||
− | | [[Gloss]] of Liechtenauer's [[ | + | | [[Gloss]] of Liechtenauer's Recital on long sword fencing by [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! [[Andre Paurenfeyndt|75r - 84v]] | ||
+ | | [[Pole weapons]] by [[Andre Paurenfeyndt]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[ | + | ! [[Peter Falkner|85r - 86r]] |
− | | [[ | + | | Pole weapons by [[Peter Falkner]] |
|- | |- | ||
! 89r - 97v | ! 89r - 97v | ||
− | | {{ | + | | {{treatise begin |
− | + | | title = Anonymous dagger teachings | |
− | + | | width = 90em | |
− | |||
}} | }} | ||
− | {| class=" | + | {| class="treatisecontent" |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! <p> | + | ! <p>Illustrations</p> |
! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kirk Siemsen]]</p> | ! <p>{{rating|C}}<br/>by [[Kirk Siemsen]]</p> | ||
− | ! <p>Transcription | + | ! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>by [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]</p> |
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 089v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 089v.jpg|400px|center]] |
| | | | ||
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|089r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|089r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 090r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 090r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''A Stepping Move and an Arm Break'''</p> |
− | '''A Stepping Move and an Arm Break''' | ||
− | Your opponent took a swipe with his dagger at your face. So, with an inverted right hand, continue to follow through to the dagger. During your opponent's swing, grab just under the wrist. From your left side, grasp his right elbow with your left hand, and be careful that your right hand, which stabilized his, doesn't cross over to your left side. Then, step with your left foot in front of his back foot, so you can still maintain control, and capture the dagger by bringing in your arm. | + | <p>Your opponent took a swipe with his dagger at your face. So, with an inverted right hand, continue to follow through to the dagger. During your opponent's swing, grab just under the wrist. From your left side, grasp his right elbow with your left hand, and be careful that your right hand, which stabilized his, doesn't cross over to your left side. Then, step with your left foot in front of his back foot, so you can still maintain control, and capture the dagger by bringing in your arm.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|090r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|090r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 090v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 090v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''An Arm Break and a Stepping Move'''</p> |
− | '''An Arm Break and a Stepping Move''' | ||
− | Your opponent tried to stab your face. Grab high with your inverted left hand, while securing his dagger just under the wrist. With your right hand grab from under his right elbow, and push away from you. With your left hand, bring down your opponent's hand to your left side, while at the same time step deep with your left foot behind the opponent's foot so you can maintain control as you bring in your arm. | + | <p>Your opponent tried to stab your face. Grab high with your inverted left hand, while securing his dagger just under the wrist. With your right hand grab from under his right elbow, and push away from you. With your left hand, bring down your opponent's hand to your left side, while at the same time step deep with your left foot behind the opponent's foot so you can maintain control as you bring in your arm.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|090v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|090v|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 091r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 091r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Breaking the Arm'''</p> |
− | '''Breaking the Arm''' | ||
− | Your opponent bore down on you while grabbing your collar. Grab his left wrist with your left hand. With your right arm, drive into his left elbow joint, and push through (that is, with your arm) toward the ground, and step in with your entire right side as you push. Snatch the hand that's holding the dagger with your right, while still driving down into his | + | <p>Your opponent bore down on you while grabbing your collar. Grab his left wrist with your left hand. With your right arm, drive into his left elbow joint, and push through (that is, with your arm) toward the ground, and step in with your entire right side as you push. Snatch the hand that's holding the dagger with your right, while still driving down into his elbow—like this:</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|091r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|091r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 091v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 091v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''How to Singly Control His Stab from Above'''</p> |
− | '''How to Singly Control His Stab from Above''' | ||
− | Your opponent tried to lift you by the collar, and stab you from above. Grab it with an inverted grip of your right hand just underneath his dagger. Then, lift the arm high and upwards, while stepping in with your right foot behind his foot. See Illustration: then drive in over his back, and shove off his left arm with your right shoulder. | + | <p>Your opponent tried to lift you by the collar, and stab you from above. Grab it with an inverted grip of your right hand just underneath his dagger. Then, lift the arm high and upwards, while stepping in with your right foot behind his foot. See Illustration: then drive in over his back, and shove off his left arm with your right shoulder.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|091v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|091v|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 092r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 092r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''A Hold as He Grabs the Collar from Behind'''</p> |
− | '''A Hold as He Grabs the Collar from Behind''' | ||
− | Your opponent swiped from above with dagger in hand. Immediately, with an inverted right hand grab, firmly grasp and lift up his dagger, and lower yourself while lifting high, as you step deep with your right foot behind his left foot. See Illustration: you can throw him to the ground, while at the same time pushing off the arm grasping your collar with your right shoulder. | + | <p>Your opponent swiped from above with dagger in hand. Immediately, with an inverted right hand grab, firmly grasp and lift up his dagger, and lower yourself while lifting high, as you step deep with your right foot behind his left foot. See Illustration: you can throw him to the ground, while at the same time pushing off the arm grasping your collar with your right shoulder.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|092r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|092r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 092v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 092v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Capturing the dagger'''</p> |
− | '''Capturing the dagger''' | ||
− | Lift your blade over and after the front of the swinging dagger. Then with your dagger twist the blade and take it. While taking in your wrist over his right arm, take in his dagger . See illustration: capture the dagger by driving yourself through. | + | <p>Lift your blade over and after the front of the swinging dagger. Then with your dagger twist the blade and take it. While taking in your wrist over his right arm, take in his dagger . See illustration: capture the dagger by driving yourself through.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|092v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|092v|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 093r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 093r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Regarding a Stab'''</p> |
− | '''Regarding a Stab''' | ||
− | Your opponent took a swipe at your face. So take up with an inverted grab: grab your right arm with your left hand, which is inverted at the top and under his right arm, and press on hard and back, while stepping with your right foot in and behind. See illustration: bring your opponent's arm in towards | + | <p>Your opponent took a swipe at your face. So take up with an inverted grab: grab your right arm with your left hand, which is inverted at the top and under his right arm, and press on hard and back, while stepping with your right foot in and behind. See illustration: bring your opponent's arm in towards yourself—this will cause a break in the arm.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|093r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|093r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 093v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 093v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Breaking the Wrist'''</p> |
− | '''Breaking the Wrist''' | ||
− | Your opponent swiped from above at your face. So while inverting your hand, block with your dagger underneath his right hand. With your left hand grab on through to your right arm and grab your blade. See illustration: yank strongly towards yourself, in order to put pressure on the arm. | + | <p>Your opponent swiped from above at your face. So while inverting your hand, block with your dagger underneath his right hand. With your left hand grab on through to your right arm and grab your blade. See illustration: yank strongly towards yourself, in order to put pressure on the arm.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|093v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|093v|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 094r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 094r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Regarding a Stab and a Break of the Arm'''</p> |
− | '''Regarding a Stab and a Break of the Arm''' | ||
− | Your opponent took a swipe from above to the face. With an inverted hold take in with your left hand underneath and behind his blade; push the arm while taking up. See illustration: while maintaining the hold behind the front of the blade, swing your dagger over his right arm, and draw in hard to yourself, so you can break the arm. | + | <p>Your opponent took a swipe from above to the face. With an inverted hold take in with your left hand underneath and behind his blade; push the arm while taking up. See illustration: while maintaining the hold behind the front of the blade, swing your dagger over his right arm, and draw in hard to yourself, so you can break the arm.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|094r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|094r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 094v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 094v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Regarding a Stab'''</p> |
− | '''Regarding a Stab''' | ||
− | Your opponent really likes to attack at your front. So seize your dagger, precisely under the fighting hand, and go high underneath his blade, and take in with your dagger's knob | + | <p>Your opponent really likes to attack at your front. So seize your dagger, precisely under the fighting hand, and go high underneath his blade, and take in with your dagger's knob. Otherwise swish over his arm; when you have it restrained there in this way, you can poke his dagger in his face. Take in the dagger.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|094v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|094v|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 095r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 095r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Regarding a Stab'''</p> |
− | '''Regarding a Stab''' | ||
− | Your opponent strongly struck from above at your face. When this happens grab the blade (that is, of your fighting hand), and strongly go in with it, and shift the dagger over and behind his head. See illustration: draw in strongly from behind him toward the ground. | + | <p>Your opponent strongly struck from above at your face. When this happens grab the blade (that is, of your fighting hand), and strongly go in with it, and shift the dagger over and behind his head. See illustration: draw in strongly from behind him toward the ground.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|095r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|095r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 095v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 095v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''A Stab'''</p> |
− | '''A Stab''' | ||
− | Your opponent swiped toward your gut. Block vertically with the blade, and step in. Drive on in and behind him, and swing downwards while sliding your dagger along his dagger. Bring your arm from behind; from under, grab the neck and pull, and take in the dagger. | + | <p>Your opponent swiped toward your gut. Block vertically with the blade, and step in. Drive on in and behind him, and swing downwards while sliding your dagger along his dagger. Bring your arm from behind; from under, grab the neck and pull, and take in the dagger.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|095v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|095v|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 096r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 096r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>'''Regarding a Stab'''</p> |
− | '''Regarding a Stab''' | ||
− | Your opponent took a swipe at your face, so block it with your inverted hand, and break off the attack. Stick the dagger underneath his right leg and strongly push through. Lift toward the back, and take in the dagger. | + | <p>Your opponent took a swipe at your face, so block it with your inverted hand, and break off the attack. Stick the dagger underneath his right leg and strongly push through. Lift toward the back, and take in the dagger.</p> |
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|096r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|096r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 096v.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 096v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>After the break, while pretending to be resting, your opponent tried to stab you from underneath. Set yourself low at stomach level, and block with your inverted left hand just above the wrist. Swing in with your right hand with your dagger, strike his right elbow, and yank in hard on him when you restrain his arm. Take in the dagger which will break the arm. Drive on in, and hit his mouth with your dagger.</p> |
− | After the break, while pretending to be resting, your opponent tried to stab you from underneath. Set yourself low at stomach level, and block with your inverted left hand just above the wrist. Swing in with your right hand with your dagger, strike his right elbow, and yank in hard on him when you restrain his arm. Take in the dagger which will break the arm. Drive on in, and hit his mouth with your dagger. | ||
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|096v|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|096v|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 097r.jpg| | + | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 097r.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | <p>Your opponent struck at you with a strong reverse stab from underneath the gut. Grab your dagger (to be precise, the blade of the fighting hand), and drop in vertically along his dagger. See illustration: take in with the blade or dagger's knob; go, and seize it by stepping behind him so you can drive in while shoving his dagger with a quick thrust.</p> |
− | Your opponent struck at you with a strong reverse stab from underneath the gut. Grab your dagger (to be precise, the blade of the fighting hand), and drop in vertically along his dagger. See illustration: take in with the blade or dagger's knob | ||
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|097r|jpg}} | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|097r|jpg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 097v.jpg| | + | | class="noline" | [[File:MS Germ.Quart.2020 097v.jpg|400px|center]] |
− | | | + | | class="noline" | <p>Your opponent tried to stab you in the gut. Block his dagger (to be precise, the fighting hand dagger) with yours. Then press in (with the dagger you have in your right hand) quickly, drive onto his right hand by the wrist, and catch his dagger with yours. Continue to press in with that hand and support it with your abdomen. Using your left hand, yank his lower arm toward yourself.</p> |
− | Your opponent tried to stab you in the gut. Block his dagger (to be precise, the fighting hand dagger) with yours. Then press in (with the dagger you have in your right hand) quickly, drive onto his right hand by the wrist, and catch his dagger with yours. Continue to press in with that hand and support it with your abdomen. Using your left hand, yank his lower arm toward yourself. | + | | class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|097v|jpg}} |
− | | {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|097v|jpg}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | {{ | + | {{treatise end}} |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[Andre | + | ! [[Andre Lignitzer|98r - 102v]] |
− | | Dagger by Andre | + | | Dagger by [[Andre Lignitzer]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[Martin | + | ! [[Martin Huntsfeld|103r - 110v]] |
− | | Dagger by Martin | + | | Dagger by [[Martin Huntsfeld]] |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Das Buch von Füßringen|111r - 128r]], <br/>[[Das Buch von Füßringen|157v - 159r]] | ! [[Das Buch von Füßringen|111r - 128r]], <br/>[[Das Buch von Füßringen|157v - 159r]] | ||
− | | Anonymous [[grappling]] | + | | Anonymous [[grappling]] teachings |
|- | |- | ||
! {{nowrap|[[Ott Jud|130v - 147v]]}} | ! {{nowrap|[[Ott Jud|130v - 147v]]}} | ||
− | | Grappling by Ott Jud | + | | Grappling by [[Ott Jud]] |
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! [[Andre Lignitzer|148r - 157r]] | ||
+ | | Grappling by [[Andre Lignitzer]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[ | + | ! [[Johannes Liechtenauer|163r - 166r]] |
− | | | + | | Recital and figures on [[mounted fencing]] by [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig| | + | ! [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig|166v - 192r]] |
− | | Gloss of Liechtenauer's [[ | + | | Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on mounted fencing by [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[Martin | + | ! [[Martin Huntsfeld|192v - 196r]] |
− | | [[ | + | | Mounted fencing by [[Martin Huntsfeld]] |
|- | |- | ||
! [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig|199r - 251v]] | ! [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig|199r - 251v]] | ||
− | | Gloss of Liechtenauer's [[ | + | | Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on [[short sword]] fencing by [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[Andre | + | ! [[Andre Lignitzer|252r - 271v]] |
− | | [[ | + | | Short sword fencing by [[Andre Lignitzer]] |
|- | |- | ||
− | ! [[Martin | + | ! [[Martin Huntsfeld|272r - 281v]] |
− | | | + | | Short sword fencing by [[Martin Huntsfeld]] |
|} | |} | ||
Line 330: | Line 328: | ||
== Gallery == | == Gallery == | ||
− | + | {{collation}} | |
− | + | Scans hosted on Wiktenauer with permission from the [[Biblioteka Jagiellońska]]. | |
− | + | ||
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 Cover 1.jpg|Front Cover}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 Cover 2.jpg|Inside Cover}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 Ir.jpg|Ⅰr}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 Iv.jpg|Ⅰv}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 IIr.jpg|Ⅱr}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 IIv.jpg|Ⅱv}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 001r.jpg|Folio 1r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 001v.jpg|Folio 1v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 002r.jpg|Folio 2r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 002v.jpg|Folio 2v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 003r.jpg|Folio 3r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 003v.jpg|Folio 3v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 004r.jpg|Folio 4r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 004v.jpg|Folio 4v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 005r.jpg|Folio 5r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 005v.jpg|Folio 5v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 006r.jpg|Folio 6r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 006v.jpg|Folio 6v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 007r.jpg|Folio 7r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 007v.jpg|Folio 7v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 008r.jpg|Folio 8r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 008v.jpg|Folio 8v}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 009r.jpg|Folio 9r}} | |
− | + | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 009v.jpg|Folio 9v}} | |
+ | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 010r.jpg|Folio 10r}} | ||
+ | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 010v.jpg|Folio 10v}} | ||
+ | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 011r.jpg|Folio 11r}} | ||
+ | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 011v.jpg|Folio 11v}} | ||
+ | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 012r.jpg|Folio 12r}} | ||
+ | {{image|MS Germ.Quart.2020 012v.jpg| | ||
== Additional Resources == | == Additional Resources == | ||
+ | * Jaquet, Daniel; [[Bartłomiej Walczak|Walczak, Bartłomiej]]. "Liegnitzer, Hundsfeld or Lew? The question of authorship of popular Medieval fighting teachings". ''[[Acta Periodica Duellatorum]]'' '''2'''(1): 105-148. 2014. {{doi|10.1515/apd-2015-0015}}. | ||
+ | * [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]]. "Ein unvollendetes Meisterwerk der Fecht- und Ringkampfliteratur des 16. Jahrhunderts sucht seinen Autor : der Landshuter Holzschneider und Maler Georg Lemberger als Fecht- und Ringbuchillustrator?" ''Codices manuscripti & impressi.'' Supplementum 12. Purkersdorf: Verlag Brüder Hollinek, 2017. | ||
* [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. ''The Longsword Teachings of Master Liechtenauer. The Early Sixteenth Century Swordsmanship Comments in the "Goliath" Manuscript.'' Poland: [[Adam Marshall]], 2010. ISBN 978-83-7611-662-4 | * [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. ''The Longsword Teachings of Master Liechtenauer. The Early Sixteenth Century Swordsmanship Comments in the "Goliath" Manuscript.'' Poland: [[Adam Marshall]], 2010. ISBN 978-83-7611-662-4 | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
− | {{reflist}} | + | {{reflist|2}} |
+ | |||
+ | == Copyright and License Summary == | ||
+ | |||
+ | For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the [[Talk:{{PAGENAME}}|discussion page]]. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <section begin="sourcebox"/>{{sourcebox header}} | ||
+ | {{sourcebox | ||
+ | | work = Scans | ||
+ | | authors = [[Biblioteka Jagiellońska]] | ||
+ | | source link = http://www.bj.uj.edu.pl/ | ||
+ | | source title= Biblioteka Jagiellońska | ||
+ | | license = permission | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{sourcebox | ||
+ | | work = Translation | ||
+ | | authors = [[Kirk Siemsen]] | ||
+ | | source link = | ||
+ | | source title= Private communication | ||
+ | | license = copyrighted | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{sourcebox | ||
+ | | work = Transcription | ||
+ | | authors = [[Michael Chidester]], [[Olivier Dupuis]], [[Jens P. Kleinau]], [[Monika Maziarz]], [[Bartłomiej Walczak]], [[Grzegorz Żabiński]] | ||
+ | | source link = | ||
+ | | source title= [[Index:Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)]] | ||
+ | | license = various | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | {{sourcebox footer}}<section end="sourcebox"/> | ||
[[Category:Treatises]] | [[Category:Treatises]] | ||
[[Category:Manuscripts]] | [[Category:Manuscripts]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Content]] | ||
[[Category:German]] | [[Category:German]] | ||
− | |||
[[Category:Transcription]] | [[Category:Transcription]] | ||
− | |||
[[Category:Orphan]] | [[Category:Orphan]] | ||
[[Category:Dagger]] | [[Category:Dagger]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:New format]] |
Revision as of 05:15, 8 July 2021
Goliath Fechtbuch | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MS germ. quart. 2020, Biblioteka Jagiellońska Kraków, Poland | |||||
| |||||
| |||||
Also known as | MS 5879 | ||||
Type | |||||
Date | 1535 - 1540 | ||||
Place of origin | Augsburg or Landshut | ||||
Language(s) | Early New High German | ||||
Author(s) | |||||
Compiler | Georg Lemberger | ||||
Scribe(s) | Unknown | ||||
Illustrator(s) | Georg Lemberger | ||||
Patron | Unknown | ||||
Material | Paper, with a modern leather binding | ||||
Size | 285 folia (200 mm × 217 mm) | ||||
Format | Double-sided; text with scattered illustrations | ||||
Treatise scans |
|
The Goliath Fechtbuch (MS germ. quart. 2020) is a German fencing manual created between 1535 and 1540,[1] possibly by Georg Lemberger (1495/1500-1540/45).[2] The original currently rests in the holdings of the Biblioteka Jagiellońska in Kraków, Poland. It is generally nicknamed "Goliath" due to the depiction of the Biblical confrontation between David and the giant Goliath on the inside cover. The reason for the inclusion of this painting is entirely unclear, though it may simply come down to the popularity of the story in this period as an example of a righteous single combat. (It may also be an allusion to the size of the swords depicted in the illustrations of unarmored fencing.)
Goliath is a compilation text consisting of treatises on a variety of martial topics by several different masters, most of whom who stood in the tradition of the grand master Johannes Liechtenauer. There appears to be a single illustrator throughout, and potentially a single scribe as well, despite the number of different scripts employed.[3] The first several sections include elaborately painted illustrations, but the illustrations cease abruptly toward the beginning of the section on armored fencing, with the final few illustrations being merely rough line drawings. This, in addition to the presence of blank spaces through the rest of the manuscript, seems to suggest that additional illustrations were planned but never completed (perhaps due to Lemberger's death some time after 1537).
Zabinski assumes that the date on the cover is correct and speculates based on a number of factors that Goliath was commissioned for Maximilian Ⅰ (1459-1519), a well-known aficionado of military texts.[4] Welle, however, rejects this hypothesis and date, and arrives at a date in the latter 1530s based on handwriting and watermark analysis.[5]
Contents
Provenance
The known provenance of the MS German Quarto 2020 is:[6]
- Created between 1535 and 1540 in southern Germany by Georg Lemberger.
- before 1564 – partially copied by Lienhart Sollinger into a manuscript included in the Cod. Ⅰ.6.2º.2.
- before 1923 – owned by Johann Ludwig Burckhardt (1807-1878) and Jean Louis Burckhardt (1883-1943). The terms of ownership of both men are unknown; sold 1923.
- 1923-1938 – held by Fischer Gallery and Kunsthandel A.-G. Böhler & Steinmeyer in Luzern, Germany (sold to the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, 1938). Offered to Robert Lyons Scott several times in 1935, but no sale took place.
- 1938-1946 – held by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin in Berlin, Germany; moved to Fürstenstein Castle in 1941, and then Grüssau monastery in 1944. Transferred to Kraków after World War Ⅱ.
- 1946-present – held by the Biblioteka Jagiellońska in Kraków, Poland.
Contents
Ⅰr - Ⅱv |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1r - 7r | Recital on long sword fencing by Johannes Liechtenauer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7v - 73v | Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on long sword fencing by Pseudo-Peter von Danzig | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
75r - 84v | Pole weapons by Andre Paurenfeyndt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
85r - 86r | Pole weapons by Peter Falkner | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
89r - 97v |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
98r - 102v | Dagger by Andre Lignitzer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
103r - 110v | Dagger by Martin Huntsfeld | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
111r - 128r, 157v - 159r |
Anonymous grappling teachings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
130v - 147v | Grappling by Ott Jud | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
148r - 157r | Grappling by Andre Lignitzer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
163r - 166r | Recital and figures on mounted fencing by Johannes Liechtenauer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
166v - 192r | Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on mounted fencing by Pseudo-Peter von Danzig | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
192v - 196r | Mounted fencing by Martin Huntsfeld | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
199r - 251v | Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on short sword fencing by Pseudo-Peter von Danzig | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
252r - 271v | Short sword fencing by Andre Lignitzer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
272r - 281v | Short sword fencing by Martin Huntsfeld |
Gallery
Scans hosted on Wiktenauer with permission from the Biblioteka Jagiellońska.
Additional Resources
- Jaquet, Daniel; Walczak, Bartłomiej. "Liegnitzer, Hundsfeld or Lew? The question of authorship of popular Medieval fighting teachings". Acta Periodica Duellatorum 2(1): 105-148. 2014. doi:10.1515/apd-2015-0015.
- Welle, Rainer. "Ein unvollendetes Meisterwerk der Fecht- und Ringkampfliteratur des 16. Jahrhunderts sucht seinen Autor : der Landshuter Holzschneider und Maler Georg Lemberger als Fecht- und Ringbuchillustrator?" Codices manuscripti & impressi. Supplementum 12. Purkersdorf: Verlag Brüder Hollinek, 2017.
- Żabiński, Grzegorz. The Longsword Teachings of Master Liechtenauer. The Early Sixteenth Century Swordsmanship Comments in the "Goliath" Manuscript. Poland: Adam Marshall, 2010. ISBN 978-83-7611-662-4
References
Copyright and License Summary
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
Work | Author(s) | Source | License |
---|---|---|---|
Scans | Biblioteka Jagiellońska | Biblioteka Jagiellońska | |
Translation | Kirk Siemsen | Private communication | |
Transcription | Michael Chidester, Olivier Dupuis, Jens P. Kleinau, Monika Maziarz, Bartłomiej Walczak, Grzegorz Żabiński | Index:Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020) |