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| audience              =  
 
| audience              =  
 
| language              = [[language::Early New High German]]
 
| language              = [[language::Early New High German]]
| date                  = early 16th century
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| date                  = 15th century
 
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'''''Zulaufenden ringen''''' ("Wrestling on the run") is an anonymous [[nationality::German]] [[wrestling manual]] from the early [[century::16th century]]. The first known version appears in the [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd.C.487]], dated to 1504-1519. It was also included in a [[Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch|now-lost manuscript]] from 1539 which was documented by [[Karl Wassmannsdorff]] in 1870.<ref>[[Karl Wassmannsdorff|Wassmannsdorff, Karl]]. {{Google books|hb1AAAAAcAAJ|Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters}}. Liepzig: Priber, 1870. pp 190-192.</ref> In both cases, these devices are preceded by a fragment of the second half of the treatise of [[Ott Jud]], though there is no other evidence connecting them to Ott.
+
'''''Zulaufenden ringen''''' ("Wrestling on the run") is an anonymous [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[wrestling manual]]. The first known version appears in the [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd.C.487]], dated to 1504-1519. It was also included in a [[Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch|now-lost manuscript]] from 1539 which was documented by [[Karl Wassmannsdorff]] in 1870.<ref>[[Karl Wassmannsdorff|Wassmannsdorff, Karl]]. ''Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters''. Liepzig: Priber, 1870. pp 190-192.</ref> In both cases, these pieces are preceded by a fragment of the second half of the treatise of [[Ott Jud]], though there is no other evidence connecting them to Ott.
  
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
  
Though the Dresden is older, the order of plays below follows Wassmannsdorff as the more complete version.
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Though the Dresden is older, the order of plays below follows Wassmannsdorff as the more extensive version.
  
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin
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|-  
 
|-  
 
! <p>{{rating|b}}<br/>by [[Jay Acutt]]</p>
 
! <p>{{rating|b}}<br/>by [[Jay Acutt]]</p>
! <p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Transcription]] (1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
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! <p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]] (1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch|Wassmannsdorff Transcription]] (1539){{edit index|Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Karl&nbsp;Wassmannsdorff]] and [[Jay&nbsp;Acutt]]</p>
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! <p>[[Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch|Wassmannsdorff Version]] (1539){{edit index|Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Karl&nbsp;Wassmannsdorff]] and [[Jay&nbsp;Acutt]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Hereafter is described the techniques generally used for charging into wrestle, or in the second, accordingly follows the Zettel.}}</p>
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Hereafter is described the techniques generally used for charging into wrestle, or in the second, accordingly follows the Zettel.}}</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084r.png|2|lbl=84r}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084r.png|2|lbl=84r.2}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98a.png|3|lbl=98a}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98a.png|3|lbl=98a.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>To the charging-in wrestling, is that each one is the first, you should not only use charging-in,<ref>''Zulauffen</ref> rather you are trying and hunting the body-wrestling,<ref>''leibringen''</ref> and this take thus: When you are charging toward him, then fix your right arm over his left and throw him overhead, as selectively the Zettel says a thing twice in these techniques.</p>
 
<p>To the charging-in wrestling, is that each one is the first, you should not only use charging-in,<ref>''Zulauffen</ref> rather you are trying and hunting the body-wrestling,<ref>''leibringen''</ref> and this take thus: When you are charging toward him, then fix your right arm over his left and throw him overhead, as selectively the Zettel says a thing twice in these techniques.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084r.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084r.png|3|lbl=84r.3}}
 
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98a.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98a.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|1|lbl=98b}}
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{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|1|lbl=98b.1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>''It is a great mistake to make a great effort, when a small effort would suffice.''</p>
 
| <p>''It is a great mistake to make a great effort, when a small effort would suffice.''</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|2|lbl=98b.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>According to my understanding, nevertheless, you are comparing yourself against yourself, with moderation (at the expense of strangers and their names) whatever the text of this Zettel can allege or allow.</p>
 
| <p>According to my understanding, nevertheless, you are comparing yourself against yourself, with moderation (at the expense of strangers and their names) whatever the text of this Zettel can allege or allow.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|3|lbl=98b.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>Hit your left arm away from his arm, and take him by the left leg, and press into him on the right side, then his wrestles are disallowed.</p>
 
<p>Hit your left arm away from his arm, and take him by the left leg, and press into him on the right side, then his wrestles are disallowed.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|2|lbl=84v.2}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|4|lbl=98b.4}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The third wrestling in charging, take thus: When he has seized you under both arms, then hit his right, over his left, and position then this hand upon his chest and swing yourself away from him.</p>
 
<p>The third wrestling in charging, take thus: When he has seized you under both arms, then hit his right, over his left, and position then this hand upon his chest and swing yourself away from him.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|1|lbl=84v|p=1}}
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{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084r.png|4|lbl=84r.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|1|lbl=84v.1|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|5|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 98b.png|5|lbl=98b.5}}
  
{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|1|lbl=99a}}
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{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|1|lbl=99a.1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The fourth wresting in charging, take thus: Take his right hand with your left hand, and pass-through under his arm, and take him with your right hand by his right leg and throw him over yourself.</p>
 
<p>The fourth wresting in charging, take thus: Take his right hand with your left hand, and pass-through under his arm, and take him with your right hand by his right leg and throw him over yourself.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|3|lbl=84v.3}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|2|lbl=99a.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The fifth wrestling with charging, take thus: Take him by his right with both your hands, and run into his arm and throw him over yourself.</p>
 
<p>The fifth wrestling with charging, take thus: Take him by his right with both your hands, and run into his arm and throw him over yourself.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 084v.png|4|lbl=84v.4}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|3|lbl=99a.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The sixth wrestle should you thus be taking when you charge toward him, then crouch yourself and take him by one leg and pull him forcefully upwards, and hit him with the other foot with your leg, so he falls.</p>
 
<p>The sixth wrestle should you thus be taking when you charge toward him, then crouch yourself and take him by one leg and pull him forcefully upwards, and hit him with the other foot with your leg, so he falls.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085r.png|1|lbl=85r}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085r.png|1|lbl=85r.1}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|1|lbl=99b|p=1}}
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{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99a.png|4|lbl=99a.4|p=1}} {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|1|lbl=99b.1|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>Should he firmly seize you by the shoulder, then hit his hand out from underneath, and press his arm in the half<ref>elbow-joint</ref> and drop him upon the wrestling with whichever technique you like.</p>
 
<p>Should he firmly seize you by the shoulder, then hit his hand out from underneath, and press his arm in the half<ref>elbow-joint</ref> and drop him upon the wrestling with whichever technique you like.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085r.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085r.png|3|lbl=85r.3}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|2|lbl=99b.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>When you are running at him, then take him by both arms and with the head in at the chest, you push him so that he falls onto his back.</p>
 
<p>When you are running at him, then take him by both arms and with the head in at the chest, you push him so that he falls onto his back.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085r.png|2|lbl=85r.2}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|3|lbl=99b.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The ninth wrestle running in, take thusly: if someone seizes with both hands up from underneath, and places his elbows upon both his arms, and push him with the head into his chest and grip both his legs.</p>
 
<p>The ninth wrestle running in, take thusly: if someone seizes with both hands up from underneath, and places his elbows upon both his arms, and push him with the head into his chest and grip both his legs.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085v.png|1|lbl=85v}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085v.png|1|lbl=85v.1}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|4|lbl=99b.4}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The tenth wrestle running in, this take thus: the charge makes contact, if you are the one charging, then take his right hand with both arms and run past him and break him in two.</p>
 
<p>The tenth wrestle running in, this take thus: the charge makes contact, if you are the one charging, then take his right hand with both arms and run past him and break him in two.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085v.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085v.png|3|lbl=85v.3}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|5|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 99b.png|5|lbl=99b.5}}
  
{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|1|lbl=100a}}
+
{{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|1|lbl=100a.1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The eleventh is that you take him with both hands and throw him on the back.</p>
 
<p>The eleventh is that you take him with both hands and throw him on the back.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085v.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 085v.png|2|lbl=85v.2}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|2|lbl=100a.2}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The 12th is for when you charge in and have grabbed upon the chest and he does so to you also. Then hit his arm away and push him with your left hand underneath his left arm. Seize him by the leg with the right hand and throw him.<ref>Wassmannsdorff's text concludes with "push him with your right hand underneath his". The rest of the play is only found in the Dresden.</ref></p>
 
<p>The 12th is for when you charge in and have grabbed upon the chest and he does so to you also. Then hit his arm away and push him with your left hand underneath his left arm. Seize him by the leg with the right hand and throw him.<ref>Wassmannsdorff's text concludes with "push him with your right hand underneath his". The rest of the play is only found in the Dresden.</ref></p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 086r.png|1|lbl=86r}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 086r.png|1|lbl=86r.1}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|3|lbl=100a.3}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>The 13th wrestle to charge, taken thus: when he seizes you by the arm, and you him as well, then allow your right arm to move and seize him by his left arm or hand, and pull him over round the neck and seize him with your left arm between his legs, and lift as you wish.</p>
 
<p>The 13th wrestle to charge, taken thus: when he seizes you by the arm, and you him as well, then allow your right arm to move and seize him by his left arm or hand, and pull him over round the neck and seize him with your left arm between his legs, and lift as you wish.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 086r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 086r.png|2|lbl=86r.2}}
| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100a.png|4|lbl=100a.4}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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<p>A piece or break is in these techniques again in the next illustrated wrestle, to perform thus: If he grips you under the arm, then push yourself away from the arm, and drop thereafter into wrestling.</p>
 
<p>A piece or break is in these techniques again in the next illustrated wrestle, to perform thus: If he grips you under the arm, then push yourself away from the arm, and drop thereafter into wrestling.</p>
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 086v.png|1|lbl=86v}}
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| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 086v.png|1|lbl=86v.1}}
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100b.png|1|lbl=100b}}
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| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Wassmannsdorff's Fechtbuch 100b.png|1|lbl=100b.1}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
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{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
  | authors    = [[Jay Acutt]]
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  | authors    = [[translator::Jay Acutt]]
 
  | source link = http://www.academia.edu/21700403/Karl_Wassmannsdorfs_16th_Century_Ringbuch
 
  | source link = http://www.academia.edu/21700403/Karl_Wassmannsdorfs_16th_Century_Ringbuch
 
  | source title= Academia.edu
 
  | source title= Academia.edu
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== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
* [[Albrecht Dürer|Dürer, Albrecht]] and [[Karl Wassmannsdorff|Wassmannsdorff, Karl]]. {{Google books|hb1AAAAAcAAJ|Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters}}. Liepzig: Priber, 1870.
+
{{bibliography}}
* Jaquet, Daniel; [[Bartłomiej Walczak|Walczak, Bartłomiej]]. "Liegnitzer, Hundsfeld or Lew? The question of authorship of popular Medieval fighting teachings". ''[[Acta Periodica Duellatorum]]'' '''2'''(1): 105-148. 2014. {{doi|10.1515/apd-2015-0015}}.
 
* [[David Lindholm|Lindholm, David]] and Svard, Peter. ''Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Art of the Longsword''. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2003. ISBN 978-1-58160-410-8
 
* Lindholm, David and Svard, Peter. ''Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Arts of Combat''. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2006. ISBN 978-1-58160-499-3
 
* [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''Secrets of German Medieval Swordsmanship''. Highland Village, TX: [[Chivalry Bookshelf]], 2001. ISBN 1-891448-07-2
 
* [[Martin Wierschin|Wierschin, Martin]]. ''Meister Johann Liechtenauers Kunst des Fechtens''. München: Beck, 1965.
 
* [[Rainer Welle|Welle, Rainer]]. ''"...und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen". Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert.'' Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8
 
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==

Latest revision as of 01:17, 31 July 2024

Zulaufenden ringen
Wrestling on the run
Author(s) Unknown
Date 15th century
Genre Wrestling manual
Language Early New High German
State of Existence Original hypothetical, two copies exist
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Finnish translation

Zulaufenden ringen ("Wrestling on the run") is an anonymous 15th century German wrestling manual. The first known version appears in the MS Dresd.C.487, dated to 1504-1519. It was also included in a now-lost manuscript from 1539 which was documented by Karl Wassmannsdorff in 1870.[1] In both cases, these pieces are preceded by a fragment of the second half of the treatise of Ott Jud, though there is no other evidence connecting them to Ott.

Treatise

Though the Dresden is older, the order of plays below follows Wassmannsdorff as the more extensive version.

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. Wassmannsdorff, Karl. Die Ringkunst des deutschen Mittelalters. Liepzig: Priber, 1870. pp 190-192.
  2. Zulauffen
  3. leibringen
  4. “Wie wohl”.
  5. “zwir” means “Zweimal”.
  6. Wassmannsdorff (1870, 191, 1) tells us that “es ist ein Fehler, durch größere Anstrengung (hier: Wortreichthum) etwas zu Stande zu bringen, wofür eine geringere genügt.”
  7. elbow-joint
  8. “setz”?
  9. An ink stain has made part of the word illegible.
  10. “bei”.
  11. “berührt das Einlaufen”.
  12. Wassmannsdorff's text concludes with "push him with your right hand underneath his". The rest of the play is only found in the Dresden.