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Difference between revisions of "Pedro de Heredia"

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The sword can also be divided into three as you see above.
 
The sword can also be divided into three as you see above.
  
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As for the guards on which I want to rest my foundation, I stand with the common opinion of those who have made a profession of handling arms well that there are four guards, in the order that they are consecutively attributed; which nevertheless can be reduced to two, joining the first and second in one, and the third and fourth in the other.
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As for the guards on which I rest my foundation, I stand with the common opinion of those who have made a profession of handling arms well that there are four guards, in the order that they are consecutively attributed; which nevertheless can be reduced to two, joining the first and second in one, and the third and fourth in the other.
  
 
So let's say before going over what it is to be perfectly on guard.
 
So let's say before going over what it is to be perfectly on guard.
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| '''Section 1 - How one must accommodate the body to get into a good posture.'''
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Now the accommodation of the body to be on guard will be holding the body straight with the right side a bit forward, turning the left side a bit backward, leaning the body on the left leg, of which the knee must be bent; the left arm is raised near the face like a semi-circle, the right leg extended or slightly bent, the two heels face-to-face to one another showing only the flank; you will cover with your right arm well extended below and a bit in front above the right thigh, the point of the sword looking in front of the enemy's right shoulder a bit higher than the fittings<ref>According to Lauvernay, "fourniment" is the powder case of arquebusiers and musketeers (sometimes extended to all the equipment carried). The word is only used once to indicate a place on the body, probably a bit below the shoulder.</ref>, and traversed somewhat within, properly going on all sides to the sword of the enemy. It is the third guard that I hold to be the most perfect, and in which all observations of good technique can be better preserved, since everything that derives from the other guards can easily (at least in part) be accommodated by this one. However having previously spoken of the four guards, I want to explain each of them in their place, to show that it is not necessary to rest in only one, because I hold them all good when performed well.
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! <p>Illustrations</p>
 
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! <p>{{rating|C|Draft Translation}}<br/>by [[John Tse]]</p>
 
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| Now the accommodation of the body to be on guard will be holding the body straight with the right side a bit forward, turning the left side a bit backward, leaning the body on the left leg, of which the knee must be bent; the left arm is raised near the face like a semi-circle, the right leg extended or slightly bent, the two heels face-to-face to one another showing only the flank; you will cover with your right arm well extended below and a bit in front above the right thigh, the point of the sword looking in front of the enemy's right shoulder a bit higher than the fittings<ref>According to Lauvernay, "fourniment" is the powder case of arquebusiers and musketeers (sometimes extended to all the equipment carried). The word is only used once to indicate a place on the body, probably a bit below the shoulder.</ref>, and traversed somewhat within, properly going on all sides to the sword of the enemy. It is the third guard that I hold to be the most perfect, and in which all observations of good technique can be better preserved, since everything that derives from the other guards can easily (at least in part) be accommodated by this one. However having previously spoken of the four guards, I want to explain each of them in their place, to show that it is not necessary to rest in only one, because I hold them all good when performed well.
 
  
 
Before putting the said guards in effect, a good master must teach his disciples the steps which are called passing, turning, traversing, and linear following before putting the sword in their hand, to make them more agile and swift in all movements, which having understood, he will give them sword in hand, teaching them the ensuing guards from which all the others derive as their principal element.
 
Before putting the said guards in effect, a good master must teach his disciples the steps which are called passing, turning, traversing, and linear following before putting the sword in their hand, to make them more agile and swift in all movements, which having understood, he will give them sword in hand, teaching them the ensuing guards from which all the others derive as their principal element.
 
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| title = Section 2 - The four principle guards of the single sword.
 
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| <p>'''Article 1'''</p>
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| '''Section 2 - The four principle guards of the single sword.'''
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<p>'''Item 1'''</p>
  
 
<p>The first guard is when one holds the arm at shoulder height.</p>
 
<p>The first guard is when one holds the arm at shoulder height.</p>
  
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<p>'''Article 2'''</p>
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<p>'''Item 2'''</p>
  
 
<p>The second will be when the hand is a bit lower than the shoulder.</p>
 
<p>The second will be when the hand is a bit lower than the shoulder.</p>
  
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<p>'''Article 3'''</p>
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<p>'''Item 3'''</p>
  
 
<p>The third is when the arm is a bit forward past the knee as it has been said above.</p>
 
<p>The third is when the arm is a bit forward past the knee as it has been said above.</p>
  
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<p>'''Article 4'''</p>
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<p>'''Item 4'''</p>
  
 
<p>The fourth will be holding the sword forward from the left side.
 
<p>The fourth will be holding the sword forward from the left side.
 
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|'''Section 3 - Counterguards to the aforementioned.'''
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<p>The counterguard of the first aforementioned will be the fourth guard.</p>
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<p>The counterguard of the second will be the same.</p>
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<p>The counterguard of the third will likewise be the same in passing outside the enemy's sword.</p>
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<p>The counterguard of the fourth will be the third, your sword covering that of the enemy's with your strong on your opponent's weak.</p>
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| <p>'''Section 4 - It is also important to know how our body can operate.'''</p>
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<p>Our body can be divided in two parts, one for offense, the other for defense. The right part will be used for offense, and the left for defense.</p>
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| <p>'''Section 5 - The most notable points of warning that must be observed in several places.'''</p>
  
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<p>First, note when you are on guard with the enemy that you have a view of his eye, so that you have the proper means to discover all of his intentions.</p>
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<p>If you see the enemy's foot narrow, it will be to offend, if it is wide it will be to wait.</p>
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| title = Section 6 - Knowing which is the correct<ref>Droit can mean "right" (as in not left or not wrong) or "correct" (as in not incorrect) or "true" (as in not false). All are likely acceptable.</ref> or false edge of the sword.
 
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| <p>'''Section 6 - Knowing which is the correct<ref>Droit can mean "right" (as in not left or not wrong) or "correct" (as in not incorrect) or "true" (as in not false). All are likely acceptable.</ref> or false edge of the sword.'''</p>
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| <p>'''Section 7 - Four ways of passing.</p>'''
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| title = Section 7 - Four ways of passing.
 
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| <p>'''Section 11 - What is the strong and the weak of the sword.'''</p>
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| <p>'''Section 13 - Some definitions of words that are noted to understand fencing.</p>
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Revision as of 19:46, 13 May 2022

Pedro de Heredia
Occupation
  • Governor
  • Captain
Nationality Spanish
Movement Esgrima común
Genres Fencing manual
Language Middle French
Notable work(s) Book of Lessons
Principal
manuscript(s)

Pedro de Heredia was a 17th century Spanish governor of a region in Belgium and captain of cavalry from 1615-1645.

Contents

Treatises

Additional Resources

References

  1. ↑ According to Lauvernay, "fourniment" is the powder case of arquebusiers and musketeers (sometimes extended to all the equipment carried). The word is only used once to indicate a place on the body, probably a bit below the shoulder.
  2. ↑ Droit can mean "right" (as in not left or not wrong) or "correct" (as in not incorrect) or "true" (as in not false). All are likely acceptable.
  3. ↑ Credits to Alan Bloniarz for providing context to the word "garatusa".
  4. ↑ Écarté is the French word for the Italian technique "inquartata".
  5. ↑ Gannance is a loanword derived from the Spanish word "ganancia", which means "gain". It is used to describe a situation where your blade is used to restrict the opponent's blade movement. Credit to Tim Riviera for the explanation.
  6. ↑ Cortelade is a cut from outside to inside (right to left for a right hander). The Spanish word "cortar" simply means "to cut".
  7. ↑ Rever is a cut from inside to outside (left to right for a right hander).
  8. ↑ Chassement means "chasing". In this case, it is the back foot chasing the front. In modern fencing, this is known as advancing.
  9. ↑ Crèvement means "to burst or to puncture." In the treatise, it is used to describe breaking guards.


Early Iberian traditions
Esgrima común Destreza.png
Verdadera
destreza
Carrancista
Pachequista
Indeterminate
Others
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