Difference between revisions of "Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)"

Title page (ff 4v-5r)
Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss
	MS Var.82, Universitätsbibliothek Rostock; Rostock, Germany
Type	Fencing manual
Date	ca. 1570
Place of origin	Strasbourg, Germany (?)
Language(s)	Early New High German
Author(s)	Sigmund Ain ringeck ; Martin Huntsfeld ; Lew Johannes Liechtenauer ; Andre Lignitzer ; Joachim Meyer ; Martin Syber ;
Compiler	Unknown
Scribe(s)	Joachim Meyer (?) ; Unknown ;
Size	124 folia
Format	Double-sided
External data	Library catalog entry
Treatise scans	Digital scans (1800x2400)

Latest revision as of 13:40, 15 June 2024

Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss ("Manual on Fencing, on Horse and on Foot"; MS Var.82) is a German fencing manual created in the 1560s and acquired by Joachim Meyer some time before 1570.^[1] The original currently rests in the holdings of the Universitätsbibliothek Rostock in Rostock, Germany. Like many manuscripts from the previous century, the MS Var. 82 contains an assortment of older treatises from the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer; perhaps the most significant portion is the notes that Meyer added to the front and back, including an outline for adapting the traditional German Messer teachings (exemplified in the writings of Johannes Lecküchner) to the newly-popular rapier.

Much of the older content seems to have been sourced from a manuscript similar to Cod. Ⅰ.6.4º.3, perhaps the one from which that manuscript was also copied. The two notable exceptions to this are Sigmund ain Ringeck's glosa, which do not match any other extant version and contain clues to the nature of the lost original, and an anonymous multiweapon treatise toward the back which also appears in the compilations of Gregor Erhart and Paulus Hector Mair, but whose origins are completely unknown.

One final note of interest about this manuscript is that it mentions a Master Pegnitzer,^[2] a name that also appears on Paulus Kal's roll of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer^[3] and a master from whom no treatise is known to survive. The name is mentioned in reference to a piece of the poleaxe, which might indicate the subject of his teachings.

Provenance

It's unclear whether this manuscript was created for Joachim Meyer or whether he purchased it with 6r-110r already filled in; its history before Meyer received it is unknown. After Meyer's death, it passed into the ducal library at Mecklenburg, and moved with the rest of that collection until it reached its current home at the University of Rostock.

Draft Translation (2020) by Jessica Finley	Draft Translation (2020) by Stephen Cheney	Transcription [edit] by Dierk Hagedorn
A technique with the sword: Settle yourself with the sword forward, as in the “Iron Gate”,^[4] and when an opponent strikes an Oberhau to you, within this drive up with the crossed hands, with the sword, and step out next to him with your left to the opponent's left and when the blow meets, then step after with the right, and hit however you will. Counter: When the opponent drives up and steps, then pull and don’t strike, and thrust him in the stomach.	A technique with the sword: Lie forward with the sword as in the iron gate. when your opponent hews an over hew onto you, rise Indes with crossed hands, with the sword, and step out to the side, with the left to your opponent's left, and when the strike lands, step after quickly with the right, and strike him wherever you want. Excellent. When your opponent rises and steps, retract and don't strike, and stab him in the belly.	[86r] Mit dem schwert ein stuck, leg dich fur mitt dem schwert als in die eisnen pfortenn, wen gener au[f] dich haut ein oberhaw, In des far auf mit gecreutztenn hendenn, mit dem schwert, vnnd drit nebenn aus, mi[t] deim linckenn zu genes linckenn, vnnd wen der schlag trift, so trit bald nach mit dem Rechten, vnnd schlag wo du in wilt. Optimum. Wen gener auf fert vnd trit, so tzuck du vnd schlag nit, vnnd stich In In Bauch.^[5]
In Armor: If you fight another utilizing their sword’s point, and you do as he does, so throw the sword from yourself if you are stronger, and take him by his pommel or wrestle. Or hold your sword under your armpit, and throw his point up forwards. Within this, quickly step to him and grip your sword with the left hand in the middle, and wind your point over his arm or hand, and wind the sword away from him, and set upon him, or work with the pommel.	In armor, if someone grabs your sword by the tip, and you [have also grabbed] his, throw your sword from you if you are stronger, and take his by his pommel or ring. Or, hold your sword under the armpit, and throw his point out, Indes quickly step in to him, and grab your sword with the left in the middle, and wind your point over his arm or hand, and wind the sword out, plant or work with the pommel.	Im harnisch, ergreift dir einer dein schwert bey der spitz, vnnd du im das sein, so wirf dein schwert vonn dir ob du stercker bist, vnnd nim im das sein bey seim knopf oder Ring. Oder behalt dein schwert vnter der vchsenn, vnd wirf sein ort memẽ [?] aus, In des resch trit im ein, vnd begreif dein schwertt mit der linckenn in der mitt, vnnd windt Im dein ort vber sein arm oder hant, vnnd wind Im [86v] das schwert aus, setz ann oder arbeit mitt dem knopff.
With the spear: If he will shoot or stab to you with a spear, set your left foot forwards and grasp your spear in the middle, lay your point towards the earth before your foot, and when the shot or thrust goes to you, so step with your right foot backwards around your left and set it off, and set onto him.	With the spear, if he wants to throw the spear at you or stab you with a spear, set the left foot forward, grasp your spear in the middle, lay your point onto the ground in front of the foot, and when the throw or stab goes upon you, step with the right back around your left, and set aside, and plant to him.	Mit dem Spies, ob er mit einem spies auf dich schiessenn oder stechenn wil, setz den lincken fus vor fas dein Spies in der mitt, leg dein ortt auff die erdenn, fur denn fus, vnnd wenn der schus oder stich auf dich gehet, so trit mit dem Rechtenn hintenn vmb dein lincken vnnd setz ab vnnd setz im an.
When another thrusts to you or shoots with the Spear, so take your sword in the left hand, and set forward your left side, and set him off with the sword, step to him, work with the dagger to his hand, or with the sword to the visor.	If someone stabs onto you or throws the spear, take your sword in the left hand, and set in front of your left leg, and set him aside with the sword, step to him, work with the dagger to his hand, or with the sword to the visor.	Sticht einer auf dich oder scheust mit dem Spies so nim dein schwert in die lincken handt, vnnd setz fur dein lincks pain, vnd setz im ab mitt dem schwert, trit tzu im, arbeit mit dem degenn, tzu sein henden, oder cum gladio zu dem Visier.

90r - 96v

Incomplete Translation (2020) by Jessica Finley	Transcription [edit] by Dierk Hagedorn
When another will parry your spear, so hold your spear short in both of your hands, and when he will turn away your spear, so pull and thrust under the eyes or to the openings.	[90r] Wenn dir einer denn spies also versetzenn wil, so fas dein Spies kurtz in dein paid hendt, vnnd wenn er denn Spies wil abweisenn, so tzuck vnnd stich in vnter die augenn oder tzu den ploßen
	Mit dem spies, lauft einer tzu dir vnnd drot dir zu stechenn tzu dem Visier, so wil er vnnten tzu dir stechenn, so nim dein Soies in baid hend, vnd setz dein lincks pain vor, vnd leg dich in die [90v] gemelt hut, so versetz im denn stich obenn oder vntenn mit dem spies. In des trit tzu Im vnnd arbeit auf in mit dein spies oder mit annder wer. Setzt dir einer dein stich des spies also ab, so las dein spies fallen arbeit auf in mit ander wer, oder nim Im sein spies damit arbeit dan.
	Mit dem spies. Item bistu kummenn vonn deim Spies vnnd schilt, vnnd einer tzu dir lauft mit einem Spieß, vnnd so nim dein schwert in paid hendt, vnnd leg es tzu dem lincken knie In die hut, versetz vnnd far auf mit dem schwert vnd mit der lincken hand fal im vmb denn spies, vnd mit der Rechtenn hand dro Im tzu schießenn, du magst dich auch legen mit dem schwert tzu deim Rechten fus, als in die eisnen pfortenn wider denn Soieß.
	Item optimum Wenn dir einer also zu schießenn wil mit dem [91r] schwert, vnnd er dir dein spies vntergangenn hat, so eil auf in, vnd las dein Spies fallenn, vnnd mit der lincken handt, fal im an hals, vnd wirf in vber ein pain.
	Item lauft einer auf dich mit dem spies, vnd hast nur ein schwert, versetz im mit dem neben ort, get er aber mit dem Spies hindurch, das du im des spies nit möchst treffenn, mit dem schwert so fal im mit der linckenn handt ann sein spies, oder versuch mit dem schlag deines arms ob du inn dem spies mügst tzuprechenn.
	Wil dich einer stechenn mit dem Spies vnd du nur ein degenn hast, so fas dein degenn tzu einem obernstich, in der schaid, das tenck pain vor, so fal im mit dem degenn an sein spies vnnd mit dem Rechtenn pain tzu getretenn, vnnd heb mit dem degenn sein spies von vnten auf vber dein haupt, zu der Rechtenn seitten, trit zu mit dem linckenn pain, mit der linckenn hand greif im sein goller, vnnd stich Im wo du [91v] hin wilt, Das magstu brechenn mit tzuckenn.
	Hastu ein degenn vnnd er ein schwert, wenn er dir schlecht tzu dem haupt, so fas dein degenn tzu eim vnternn stich tzuck bald, vnnd mit der linckenn handt far an denn spies, vnd far von vnten auf an sein schwert, tzu hand greif mit deiner linckenn handt an sein gebind, oder im vber sein baid arm, vnnd arbeit mit dem degen, Wiltu das brechenn, so wart wen er dir den arm wil begreiffenn, tzuck ann dich mit eim abtrit, vnd mit deiner linckenn handt stos in von dir.
	Laufft einer tzu dir mit eim Spies, vnd drot dir tzu schiessenn, so nim dein Spies in baid henndt, Inn die hut scheust er dir zu der Rechtenn seitenn, so trit vmb mit dem Echten pain vnnd mit der Rechtenn hand gehe nider mit dem Spies, vnnd versetz im den schus. Scheust er dir tzu der seittenn, so trit ab mit dem Rechten pain, vnnd mit der Rechten hant gehe nider mit dem spies, vnd versetz den schus.
	[92r] Item tzu gangk mit aller wer, vnnd wolst gern kummenn vonn deim Spieß, vnnd arbeitenn mit dem schwert, vnnd du wol verstehest, das einer tzu dir wil schießenn mit dem Spies, so setz dein Spies fur dich mit gerecktem arm, vnnd wen er scheust, so setz im denn schus ab. Wiltu lenger pleibenn, bey dem spies, so fas dein schwert vnnd spies zu sam[?] vnnd stich im tzu dem Visier oder tzu seim fus, Wiltu das nit thun, so las denn spies fallenn, vnd mit dem schwert lauf bald tzu Im, vnnd setz im ann, Scheustu aber tzu einem mit dem Spies, zu handt volg dem schus, vnnd fas dein schilt in baid hendt, vnd lauf im tzu dem gesicht.
	Item fas dein schwert vnnd spies tzusamen, vnd die tartschenn henck ann ein finger an die lincken hand[t] sticht er dir tzu dem schilt, so las in falen, vnnd setz im ann, mit deinem spis, vnnd wenn du stercker bist denn er, so las dein schwert tzu eintzing zu im vntz. piß du mit dem ort magst angesetzen [92v] So las dein Spies fallenn, vnnd mit dem schwert arbeit tzu im.
	Item wen einer mit dem schwert auf dich arbeit, so stich in mit deim schwert zu den hendenn oder fussenn, oder in denn arm bey dem Elnpogenn, oder tzu denn vchsenn, findtsu im denn fus plos mit dem stich, so tzuck nit wider, sonder leg dich auf denn Spies oder schwert vnnd truck in in die erdenn, vnd halt so verplut er sich vnd wirt onmechtig, des gleichenn ob du in gewünst bey der hand, so tring mit dem ort immer nach, bisß aus dem kreiß. [93r] dem schus, vnnd setz im ann, tzu seim gesicht, das muß er wernn, wenn er es wil wernn, so las dein schwert denn lauffenn, vber dein haubt, vnnd begreif in bey der mitt, vnnd wie wenig du in hebst, so schlag mit deim Rechtenn fus an sein lincks pain, bey der erdenn so felt er. Kumbt er tzu dem schwert als vor geschribenn stet, vnnd hut dich das er dir nit denn ruck angewin, wenn du im das schwert nimbst.
	Bistu ein starck man, vnnd wilt ritterlichen kummenn, vonn aller deiner wer biß ann degen, mach dir ein großenn knopf an dein Schwert, der da ablauft, vnnd nim dein schwert in die linckenn handt, bey dem gehiltz, vnnd legs auf denn arm, vnnd de[n] Spies in die Rechtenn hanndt, tzu dem schus, vnnd denn schilt las fallenn. Oder nim denn Spies tzu dem schwert, als du dann tzu tritst, so nim denn knopf vom schwert, vnnd wirf im tzu, Wen er das Werenn wil, so scheus im tzu mit dem Spies ode[r] [93v] mit dem schwert. Bistu der krencker so las Inn verwerffenn vorschießenn, das versetz im mitt dem schilt, vnnd arbeit mit deiner wer, das er nit zu kom, als ich dich vor gelert hab.
	Im schwert lauft einer auf dich mit gewappender handt, vnnd das schwert vnter sein Vchsen hat, das thut er darumb, das du im das schwert nit nemẽ mugst, So stich in mit deinem schwert, vber sein linckenn arm, vnter sein schwert, truck denn knopf nider, so wirt sein schwert ledig, vnnd setz im an, Wiltu gernn so greif im an sein spitz vnnd weis im ab, sein schwert, vnnd mit deinem schwert setz im an, oder schlag im zu seim knie. Wenn dir einer denn arm pricht von dem schwert, so zuck die handt, vnnd begreif dein schwert wider, vnnd stich vonn vnten auf zu seinm arm oder zu denn hendenn, so kumbstu zu eim vortail.
	Item nim dein schwert in baid hendt, vnnd leg es [94r] schwert, vnnd er dir dein spies vntergangenn hat, so eil auf in, vnd las dein Spies fallenn, vnnd mit der lincken handt, fal im an hals, vnd wirf in vber ein pain.
	Item nõ mit der mordarum schlecht er obenn zu dem kemplin trit In des auf dein lincke seittenn, aus dem schlag, raput tende deorsum, In des schlag mit vt Pegnitzer.
	Item aliud, schlecht er obenn tzu, In des schlag mit ein, vnnd kum gar ein wenig ee ad raput
	Item schlecht er obenn tzu versetz mit dem stil von de[r] brust, In des schlag oben tzu, oder wo du wilt.
	[94v] Item pruch auf schwert nemenn zu gewappender hend. heb dein knauf bald vbersich hindenn vnnd setz im ann.
	Item setzt du eim an, oder im anpindenn cum gladio, vnnd er wil dir dein lincke handt vbersich windenn von deim schwert, so wind dein ort vber seinn linckenn arm vnnten durch vonn Innen aus, vnd setz im an.
	[95r] bleibt dir der tzaum an dem arm. Zu dem andernn mal, mach tzwenn lanng riemenn, an den Peuschel als vor mt einer schlingenn, die dir gerecht vnd lang genug sey an den arm vnnd hinter den elnpogenn, vnnd die sol habenn einen kneuffel, al an einem Putel, das du die schling magst auf vnnd tzu ziehen vnnd denn arm ledig machenn wen du wilt, vnnd bleibt dir der tzaum hinter dem arm oder elnpogen Also magstu gearbeitenn mit baidenn hendenn, wie du wilt.
	Ringen auf die einlauffen im schwert Primum. Item wenn dir einer hat angebundenn, zu deiner linckenn seittenn, vnnd fert hoch auf mit denn armenn, so far mit deim Rechtenn arm in sein wüst seiner linckenn seittenn, vnnd spring cum pede dextro ^{mit dem rechtẽ fuß}, wol hinter seinenn Rechtenn, vnnd wurf in vber die huf.
	Secundum, fert er hoch auf Im anpindenn, spring cum pede sinistro ^{mit den linckẽ fuß} hinnter [95v] seinenn Rechtenn, vnnd far mit deim linckenn arm in sein lincke wust, wirf in aus dem fus, vber dein lincks pain.
	+ Tertium. Im anpindenn begreif mit deiner lincken hand sein Rechtenn elnpogenn, vnd spring mit deim linckenn fus fur seinen Rechten, vnd stos in daruber.
	Quartum,+ far im mit deinem Rechten arm, vber sein baid arm, vnnd truck sie fast zu dir. Vnnd spring mit deinem Rechtenn fus, hinter sein Rechtenn, vnnd wend dich auf dein lincke seittenn, so felt er.
	Quintum. Las dein Rechte hanndt vom schwert, vnnd begreif damit sein Rechte handt auswendig mit verkerter hanndt, vnnd ruck in tzu dir, vnnd mitt der linckenn handt begreif im den Elnpogen, nim im das gewicht.
	Sextum, Verker dein lincke hanndt, vnnd begreif damit sein Rechte Inwendig [96r] bleibt dir der tzaum an dem arm. Zu dem andernn mal, mach tzwenn lanng riemenn, an den Peuschel als vor mt einer schlingenn, die dir gerecht vnd lang genug sey an den arm vnnd hinter den elnpogenn, vnnd die sol habenn einen kneuffel, al an einem Putel, das du die schling magst auf vnnd tzu ziehen vnnd denn arm ledig machenn wen du wilt, vnnd bleibt dir der tzaum hinter dem arm oder elnpogen Also magstu gearbeitenn mit baidenn hendenn, wie du wilt.
	Septimum. Las dein lincke hanndt vom schwertt vnnd mit der Rechtenn, far im vber sein Rechte handt mit dem knopf, vnnd druck damit nider vnnd mit der linckenn nim im das gewichtt bey seinm Rechtenn Elnpogenn, die Siebendt Ringenn gehenn tzu baidenn seittenn.
	Octauum. Verker dein lincke handt, vnnd far damit vber ein Rechtenn arm, vnnd begreif damit sein schwert, bey der hanndt, hab tzwischen seinen baidenn hendenn, vnnd ruck es vbersich auf dein lincke seittenn, so nimbst im das schwert.
	Ringenn mit lerer handt. Also soltu denn tzaum tzu Richtenn vnnd ist Zwayerley. Primo mach zwenn Riemenn ann Jede seittenn, an den Peuschel, annd pint sie tzu einande[r] [96v] vnnd mach ein schlingenn nit weiter, wenn das dir dein handt wol hindurch mag, so stos dein hanndt durch, vnnd fas dartzu denn Peuschel In die hanndt, vnnd wenn du wilt ringen, so las den Peuschel farnn, so bleibt dir der tzaum ann dem arm. Zu dem andern mal, mach zwenn lang Riemenn, an den Peuschel als vor mit schlingenn, die dir gerecht vnnd lang gnug sein an denn arm, vnnd hinter den elnpogenn vnnd die sol haben einen kneuffel, als an eim Peutel, das du die schling magst auf vnd tzu tziehenn, vnd den arm ledig machenn, wen du wilt, vnd bleibt dir der tzaum hinter dem arm oder elnpogenn, also magstu gearbeitenn mit baiden hendenn.

97r - 98r

Sword and Buckler by Andre Lignitzer

98r - 110r

Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on short sword fencing by Sigmund Ain ringeck (disordered)

111r

No Translation

Transcription [edit]
by Dierk Hagedorn

[111r] Reister vom Ros Fechtẽ bis hieher

deü 4 hutt im sper	38
Satel raungen	39
Schwert nemẽ	39
Die 4 hut im schwert	41
hals stich	42
Zum hauwen	42
thaschenhauwe	42
ein schwerd nemen	42
Satel Raumen	43
Zum Fangen	44
thürckühs haw	44
Die hutt im halbschw.	45
Schoffgrüff	46
Sattel raum	47
Der vngenand	51
Sonen zeigen	52
verborgen grüff	53
kempffen zu fus	54
ein lügenten haltẽ	60
ein haltẽ im ringẽ	62
kampff im kurtz schwerd	63
zwen vmb ein schwerd kriegen	68
Reüsen im schwerd	65
mordschlag	69
vier ansetzen	70
Ringen zu ross	71
Fechten im degen	72
Ein zum anrichten	91
8 Ringẽ im schwerd	92
Ringen mit lerer hand	93
Fechtẽ im bucklier	94
Liechtnawer kempf i ha.	95/95
nochreisen im kampf	100
verbotden Ring	200
blös im harnasche	200
obsetzen mit lerer hand	100
hut im haben [sic] schw~d	105
von zucken	107
2 stend wan man võ roß k~ist	95

112r - 122v,
123r - 127r

Rapier by Joachim Meyer

Gallery

A collation diagram for this manuscript is available on the index page.

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Inside Cover

Back Cover

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

Chidester, Michael (2020). The Illustrated Meyer: A Visual Reference for the 1570 Treatise of Joachim Meyer. Somerville, MA: HEMA Bookshelf. ISBN 978-1-953683-00-7.
Jaquet, Daniel; Bartłomiej Walczak (2014). "Liegnitzer, Hundsfeld or Lew? The question of authorship of popular Medieval fighting teachings." Acta Periodica Duellatorum 2(1): 105-148. doi:10.1515/apd-2015-0015.
Meyer, Joachim (2016). The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordsmanship. Trans. by Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books. ISBN 9781473876750.

References

↑ The only date, 1570, is given on folio 123 (between the first and second sections of Meyer's rapier text); the rest of the manuscript shows a few different hands and was likely compiled prior to its acquisition by Meyer. See Joachim Meyer. The Art of Combat. A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books, 2014. pp 32-33.
↑ See folio 94r.
↑ The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
↑ Eisen Pfort.
↑ Unleserliche Einfügung. Illegible insertion.

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work	Author(s)	Source
Images	Universitätsbibliothek Rostock	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Viewer
Translation	Jessica Finley	Wiktenauer
Translation	Stephen Cheney	Wiktenauer
Transcription	Dierk Hagedorn	Index:Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)

[1] The only date, 1570, is given on folio 123 (between the first and second sections of Meyer's rapier text); the rest of the manuscript shows a few different hands and was likely compiled prior to its acquisition by Meyer. See Joachim Meyer. The Art of Combat. A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books, 2014. pp 32-33.

[2] See folio 94r.

[3] The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).

[4] Eisen Pfort.

[5] Unleserliche Einfügung. Illegible insertion.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 | caption            = Title page (ff 4v-5r)
 <!----------General---------->
-| Index number       = [[WI::—]]
+| Hagedorn's catalog = [[HS::JMR]]
-| Wierschin's catalog= [[WC::—]]
+| Wierschin's catalog= —
-| Hils' catalog      = [[HK::—]]
+| Hils' catalog      = —
-| Beck catalog       = [[BC::—]]
+| Beck catalog       = —
 | Also known as      =
 | Type               = [[type::Fencing manual]]
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 }}
 | Author(s)          = {{collapsible list
+ | [[author::Sigmund Ain ringeck]]
   | [[author::Martin Huntsfeld]]
   | [[author::Lew]]
@@ Line 28: / Line 29: @@
   | [[author::Andre Lignitzer]]
   | [[author::Joachim Meyer]]
- | [[author::Sigmund ain Ringeck]]
   | [[author::Martin Syber]]
 }}
@@ Line 34: / Line 34: @@
 | Illuminated by     =
 | Patron             =
-| Dedicated to       = Heinrich, Count von Eberstein
+| Dedicated to       =
 <!----------Form and content---------->
 | Material           =
@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 | below              =
 }}
-'''Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss''' ("Manual on Fencing, on Horse and on Foot"; MS Var.82) is a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created in the 1560s and acquired by [[Joachim Meyer]] some time before 1570.<ref>The only date, 1570, is given on [[page:MS Var.82 123r.png|folio 123]] (between the first and second sections of Meyer's rapier text); the rest of the manuscript shows a few different hands and was likely compiled prior to its acquisition by Meyer. See [[Joachim Meyer]]. ''The Art of Combat. A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570.'' Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2014. pp 32-33.</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]] in Rostock, Germany. Like many manuscripts from the previous century, the MS Var. 82 contains an assortment of older treatises from the tradition of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]; perhaps the most significant portion is the notes that Meyer added to the front and back, including an outline for adapting the traditional German [[Messer]] teachings (exemplified in the writings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]]) to the newly-popular [[rapier]]. Meyer's portion includes a dedication to Heinrich, Count of Eberstein.
+'''Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss''' ("Manual on Fencing, on Horse and on Foot"; MS Var.82) is a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing manual]] created in the 1560s and acquired by [[Joachim Meyer]] some time before 1570.<ref>The only date, 1570, is given on [[page:MS Var.82 123r.png|folio 123]] (between the first and second sections of Meyer's rapier text); the rest of the manuscript shows a few different hands and was likely compiled prior to its acquisition by Meyer. See [[Joachim Meyer]]. ''The Art of Combat. A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570.'' Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2014. pp 32-33.</ref> The original currently rests in the holdings of the [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]] in Rostock, Germany. Like many manuscripts from the previous century, the MS Var. 82 contains an assortment of older treatises from the tradition of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]; perhaps the most significant portion is the notes that Meyer added to the front and back, including an outline for adapting the traditional German [[Messer]] teachings (exemplified in the writings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]]) to the newly-popular [[rapier]].
 Much of the older content seems to have been sourced from a manuscript similar to [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Cod. Ⅰ.6.4º.3]], perhaps the one from which that manuscript was also copied. The two notable exceptions to this are [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]]'s glosa, which do not match any other extant version and contain clues to the nature of the lost original, and an anonymous multiweapon treatise toward the back which also appears in the compilations of [[Gregor Erhart]] and [[Paulus Hector Mair]], but whose origins are completely unknown.
-One final note of interest about this manuscript is that it mentions a Master [[Hans Pegnitzer|Pegnitzer]],<ref>See [[Page:MS Var.82 094r.png|folio 94r]].</ref> a name that also appears on [[Paulus Kal]]'s roll of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]]<ref>The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of [[Paulus Kal]]'s treatise: [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|MS 1825]] (1460s), [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1570]] (ca. 1470), and [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (1480s).</ref> and a master from whom no treatise is known to survive. The name is mentioned in reference to a device of the [[poleaxe]], which might indicate the subject of his teachings.
+One final note of interest about this manuscript is that it mentions a Master [[Hans Pegnitzer|Pegnitzer]],<ref>See [[Page:MS Var.82 094r.png|folio 94r]].</ref> a name that also appears on [[Paulus Kal]]'s roll of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]]<ref>The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of [[Paulus Kal]]'s treatise: [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|MS 1825]] (1460s), [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1570]] (ca. 1470), and [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (1480s).</ref> and a master from whom no treatise is known to survive. The name is mentioned in reference to a piece of the [[poleaxe]], which might indicate the subject of his teachings.
 == Provenance ==
-It's unclear whether this manuscript was created for Joachim Meyer or whether he purchased it with 6r-110r already filled in; its history before Meyer received it is unknown. After Meyer's death, it passed into the ducal library at Mecklenburg, and moved with the rest of that collection until it reached its current home at the University of Rostock,
+It's unclear whether this manuscript was created for Joachim Meyer or whether he purchased it with 6r-110r already filled in; its history before Meyer received it is unknown. After Meyer's death, it passed into the ducal library at Mecklenburg, and moved with the rest of that collection until it reached its current home at the University of Rostock.
 == Contents ==
@@ Line 69: / Line 69: @@
 |-
-! [[Sigmund ain Ringeck|6r - 13v]]
+! [[Sigmund Ain ringeck|6r - 13v]]
-| [[Gloss]] of Liechtenauer's [[Recital]] on [[long sword]] fencing by [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] (fragmentary)
+| [[Gloss]] of Liechtenauer's [[Recital]] on [[long sword]] fencing by [[Sigmund Ain ringeck]] (fragmentary)
 |-
@@ Line 107: / Line 107: @@
 ! 86rv
 | {{treatise begin
-   | title = Anonymous plays of sword
+   | title = Anonymous plays of various weapons
-   | width = 60em
+   | width = 90em
 }}
 {| class="treatisecontent"
 |-
-! <p>Translation open for editing</p>
+|-
+! <p>{{rating|c}} (2020)<br/>by [[Jessica Finley]]</p>
+! <p>{{rating|c}} (2020)<br/>by [[Stephen Cheney]]</p>
 ! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 |-
-| <p>A technique with the sword: Lie forward with the sword as in the iron gate. when your opponent hews an over hew onto you, rise ''indes'' with crossed hands, with the sword, and step out to the side, with the left to your opponent's left, and when the strike lands, step after quickly with the right, and strike him wherever you want. Excellent. When your opponent rises and steps, retract and don't strike, and stab him in the belly.</p>
+| <p>A technique with the sword: Settle yourself with the sword forward, as in the “Iron Gate”,<ref>''Eisen Pfort.''</ref> and when an opponent strikes an ''Oberhau'' to you, within this drive up with the crossed hands, with the sword, and step out next to him with your left to the opponent's left and when the blow meets, then step after with the right, and hit however you will. Counter: When the opponent drives up and steps, then pull and don’t strike, and thrust him in the stomach.</p>
+| <p>A technique with the sword: Lie forward with the sword as in the iron gate. when your opponent hews an over hew onto you, rise ''Indes'' with crossed hands, with the sword, and step out to the side, with the left to your opponent's left, and when the strike lands, step after quickly with the right, and strike him wherever you want. Excellent. When your opponent rises and steps, retract and don't strike, and stab him in the belly.</p>
 | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 086r.png|2|lbl=86r}}
 |-
-| <p>In armor, if someone grabs your sword by the tip, and you [have also grabbed] his, throw your sword from you if you are stronger, and take his by his pommel or ring. Or, hold your sword under the armpit, and throw his point out, ''indes'' quickly step in to him, and grab your sword with the left in the middle, and wind your point over his arm or hand, and wind the sword out, plant or work with the pommel.</p>
+| <p>In Armor: If you fight another utilizing their sword’s point, and you do as he does, so throw the sword from yourself if you are stronger, and take him by his pommel or wrestle. Or hold your sword under your armpit, and throw his point up forwards. Within this, quickly step to him and grip your sword with the left hand in the middle, and wind your point over his arm or hand, and wind the sword away from him, and set upon him, or work with the pommel.</p>
+| <p>In armor, if someone grabs your sword by the tip, and you [have also grabbed] his, throw your sword from you if you are stronger, and take his by his pommel or ring. Or, hold your sword under the armpit, and throw his point out, ''Indes'' quickly step in to him, and grab your sword with the left in the middle, and wind your point over his arm or hand, and wind the sword out, plant or work with the pommel.</p>
 |
 {{section|Page:MS Var.82 086r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 086v.png|1|lbl=86v|p=1}}
 |-
+| <p>With the spear: If he will shoot or stab to you with a spear, set your left foot forwards and grasp your spear in the middle, lay your point towards the earth before your foot, and when the shot or thrust goes to you, so step with your right foot backwards around your left and set it off, and set onto him.</p>
 | <p>With the spear, if he wants to throw the spear at you or stab you with a spear, set the left foot forward, grasp your spear in the middle, lay your point onto the ground in front of the foot, and when the throw or stab goes upon you, step with the right back around your left, and set aside, and plant to him.</p>
 | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 086v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 |-
+| class="noline" | <p>When another thrusts to you or shoots with the Spear, so take your sword in the left hand, and set forward your left side, and set him off with the sword, step to him, work with the dagger to his hand, or with the sword to the visor.</p>
 | class="noline" | <p>If someone stabs onto you or throws the spear, take your sword in the left hand, and set in front of your left leg, and set him aside with the sword, step to him, work with the dagger to his hand, or with the sword to the visor.</p>
 | class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 086v.png|3|lbl=-}}
@@ Line 138: / Line 144: @@
 ! 90r&nbsp;-&nbsp;96v
 | {{treatise begin
-   | title = Anonymous plays of mounted fencing
+   | title = Anonymous plays of various weapons
    | width = 60em
 }}
 {| class="treatisecontent"
 |-
-! <p>{{rating}}</p>
+! <p>{{rating|start}} (2020)<br/>by [[Jessica Finley]]</p>
 ! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 |-
-|
+| <p>When another will parry your spear, so hold your spear short in both of your hands, and when he will turn away your spear, so pull and thrust under the eyes or to the openings.</p>
 | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 090r.png|3|lbl=90r}}
@@ Line 271: / Line 277: @@
 |-
-! [[Sigmund ain Ringeck|98r - 110r]]
+! [[Sigmund Ain ringeck|98r - 110r]]
-| Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on short sword fencing by [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]] (disordered)
+| Gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on short sword fencing by [[Sigmund Ain ringeck]] (disordered)
 |-
@@ Line 568: / Line 574: @@
 == Additional Resources ==
-* [[user:Michael Chidester|Chidester, Michael]] and [[Tobias Stimmer]]. ''The Illustrated Meyer: A Visual Reference for the 1570 Treatise of Joachim Meyer''. Somerville, MA: [[HEMA Bookshelf]], 2020. ISBN 978-1-953683-00-7
+{{bibliography}}
-* Jaquet, Daniel; [[Bartłomiej Walczak|Walczak, Bartłomiej]]. "Liegnitzer, Hundsfeld or Lew? The question of authorship of popular Medieval fighting teachings". ''[[Acta Periodica Duellatorum]]'' '''2'''(1): 105-148. 2014. {{doi|10.1515/apd-2015-0015}}.
-* [[Joachim Meyer|Meyer, Joachim]]. ''The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship''. Trans. [[Jeffrey L. Forgeng]]. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750
 == References ==
-{{reflist|2}}
+{{reflist}}
 == Copyright and License Summary ==
@@ Line 587: / Line 591: @@
   | source title= Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Viewer
   | license     = public domain
+}}
+{{sourcebox
+ | work        = Translation
+ | authors     = [[translator::Jessica Finley]]
+ | source link =
+ | source title= Wiktenauer
+ | license     = copyrighted
+}}
+{{sourcebox
+ | work        = Translation
+ | authors     = [[translator::Stephen Cheney]]
+ | source link =
+ | source title= Wiktenauer
+ | license     = default
 }}
 {{sourcebox

Difference between revisions of "Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)"

Latest revision as of 13:40, 15 June 2024

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