Wiktenauer logo.png

Difference between revisions of "Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli"

From Wiktenauer
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 44: Line 44:
 
'''Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli''' (Ridolfo Capoferro, Rodulphus Capoferrus) was a [[century::17th century]] [[nationality::Italian]] [[fencing master]]. He seems to have been born in the town of Cagli in Urbino and was a resident of Siena, Tuscany. Little is known about the life of this master, though the dedication to Federico Ubaldo della Roevere, the young son of Duke Francesco Maria Feltrio della Roevere, may indicate that he was associated with the court at Urbino in some capacity. The statement at the beginning of Capo Ferro's treatise describing him as a "master of the great German nation"<ref>[[Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli|Capo Ferro da Cagli, Ridolfo]]. ''[[Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli)|Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma]]''. Siena, 1610. [[Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/10|p 1]].</ref> likely signifies that he was faculty at the University of Siena, either holding a position analogous to dean of all German students, or perhaps merely the fencing master who taught the German students.
 
'''Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli''' (Ridolfo Capoferro, Rodulphus Capoferrus) was a [[century::17th century]] [[nationality::Italian]] [[fencing master]]. He seems to have been born in the town of Cagli in Urbino and was a resident of Siena, Tuscany. Little is known about the life of this master, though the dedication to Federico Ubaldo della Roevere, the young son of Duke Francesco Maria Feltrio della Roevere, may indicate that he was associated with the court at Urbino in some capacity. The statement at the beginning of Capo Ferro's treatise describing him as a "master of the great German nation"<ref>[[Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli|Capo Ferro da Cagli, Ridolfo]]. ''[[Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli)|Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma]]''. Siena, 1610. [[Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/10|p 1]].</ref> likely signifies that he was faculty at the University of Siena, either holding a position analogous to dean of all German students, or perhaps merely the fencing master who taught the German students.
  
Capo Ferro authored a [[fencing manual]] on the [[rapier]] entitled ''[[Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli)|Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma]]'' ("Great Representation of the Art and Use of Fencing"); it was published in Siena in 1610 and refers to Federico by the ducal title. Though this treatise is highly praised by modern fencing historians, it is neither comprehensive nor particularly innovative and does not seem to have been terribly influential in its own time.
+
Capo Ferro authored a [[fencing manual]] on the [[rapier]] entitled ''[[Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli)|Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma]]'' ("Great Representation of the Art and Use of Fencing"); it was published in Siena in 1610, but refers to Federico by the ducal title. Though this treatise is highly praised by modern fencing historians, it is neither comprehensive nor particularly innovative and does not seem to have been particularly influential in its own time.
  
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
Line 817: Line 817:
 
<p>There is the greatest difference between the art and the use, and perchance not less than between reason and luck, between confusion and good order, between knowledge and opinion. Which thing, in order that it be more manifestly understood, it is necessary that we will briefly consider and explain the definitions of the art, which, as I remember having already heard treated of with some intelligence, is not other than a multitude of useful and well-ordered precepts for civil converse; because one flower does not make Spring, nor a single precept suffice to make the art; likewise with whatsoever number of precepts, is it so with the art; but these former finally confirm themselves to be useful, and not useless; and they are not those that submerge themselves in the abyss of the dark shadows of falsities and witless opinions. For as much as that the art is not governed according to its own whim, but derives all of its precepts following the rule that the law of truth gives to it. Truth commands the art, that it does not build on air, nor teach, if not of those things which are infallible and of perpetual truth. And those precepts that do not stand as paragons of their laws are not recognized as theirs. The use of the art encompasses much more, and considers not only the true things, but cautions us yet of the false and of the many other particulars that variously occur; and in order to show their effects, takes advantage of the aid of many disciplines. For as much as we see occur daily in civil converse, that a man is insufficient to put into practice the office or the art that he does, if help does not come from those with whom civility resides, likewise are all the arts, all the sciences, and all the professions among each other conjoined and connected, so that one has need of the mutual aid of the other, if one wishes to put in execution his training; nonetheless, as in the civil practice each man has his own office, his solitary dwelling, and his good partitions, likewise the arts and the sciences have their distinct boundaries and their own precepts, which it is illicit for them to trespass. This difference between the art and the use, because some who teach do not observe it, makes them fall into many very grave errors. Thence it occurs that when teaching, likewise with the pen as with the sword in hand, they are long-winded and so confused and self-contradictory most of the time. And because they do not first lay the stable foundation of the infallible and well-ordered precepts of the art, with the greatest ease and in the briefest time would they lead their scholars to that degree of perfection which one can desire in this science. In consideration of this, in order to facilitate the art of fencing, I have managed to break down all the difficulty, and to extract it from the dark shadows of confusion, condensing it in the fewest demonstrations, separated from its use, and now to you I offer and put forward to your eyes a very few figures, the greater part of which explain our art, leaving to others the care of devoting their studies to the uncertainty and infinity of particular cases, which without fixing oneself in the same state, daily we see occur in the use of arms, and if this instability and variety of things they have indeed to teach, it seems much better to me, in the school of “hand in hand”, that they remember that they do not teach with knowledge. But it is time at last that we come to the explanation of some admonitions and advisements, as well as some terms of fencing, which pertain to the use, and to our figures as well.</p>
 
<p>There is the greatest difference between the art and the use, and perchance not less than between reason and luck, between confusion and good order, between knowledge and opinion. Which thing, in order that it be more manifestly understood, it is necessary that we will briefly consider and explain the definitions of the art, which, as I remember having already heard treated of with some intelligence, is not other than a multitude of useful and well-ordered precepts for civil converse; because one flower does not make Spring, nor a single precept suffice to make the art; likewise with whatsoever number of precepts, is it so with the art; but these former finally confirm themselves to be useful, and not useless; and they are not those that submerge themselves in the abyss of the dark shadows of falsities and witless opinions. For as much as that the art is not governed according to its own whim, but derives all of its precepts following the rule that the law of truth gives to it. Truth commands the art, that it does not build on air, nor teach, if not of those things which are infallible and of perpetual truth. And those precepts that do not stand as paragons of their laws are not recognized as theirs. The use of the art encompasses much more, and considers not only the true things, but cautions us yet of the false and of the many other particulars that variously occur; and in order to show their effects, takes advantage of the aid of many disciplines. For as much as we see occur daily in civil converse, that a man is insufficient to put into practice the office or the art that he does, if help does not come from those with whom civility resides, likewise are all the arts, all the sciences, and all the professions among each other conjoined and connected, so that one has need of the mutual aid of the other, if one wishes to put in execution his training; nonetheless, as in the civil practice each man has his own office, his solitary dwelling, and his good partitions, likewise the arts and the sciences have their distinct boundaries and their own precepts, which it is illicit for them to trespass. This difference between the art and the use, because some who teach do not observe it, makes them fall into many very grave errors. Thence it occurs that when teaching, likewise with the pen as with the sword in hand, they are long-winded and so confused and self-contradictory most of the time. And because they do not first lay the stable foundation of the infallible and well-ordered precepts of the art, with the greatest ease and in the briefest time would they lead their scholars to that degree of perfection which one can desire in this science. In consideration of this, in order to facilitate the art of fencing, I have managed to break down all the difficulty, and to extract it from the dark shadows of confusion, condensing it in the fewest demonstrations, separated from its use, and now to you I offer and put forward to your eyes a very few figures, the greater part of which explain our art, leaving to others the care of devoting their studies to the uncertainty and infinity of particular cases, which without fixing oneself in the same state, daily we see occur in the use of arms, and if this instability and variety of things they have indeed to teach, it seems much better to me, in the school of “hand in hand”, that they remember that they do not teach with knowledge. But it is time at last that we come to the explanation of some admonitions and advisements, as well as some terms of fencing, which pertain to the use, and to our figures as well.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/42|2|lbl=-}} {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|43|lbl=26|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/42|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|43|lbl=26|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 823: Line 823:
 
| '''1) SOME ADMONITIONS, OR ADVISEMENTS OF FENCING.'''
 
| '''1) SOME ADMONITIONS, OR ADVISEMENTS OF FENCING.'''
 
Firstly, one who finds himself at blows with his adversary always has to have his eye on the other’s sword hand, more so than on any other place, all others being fallacious; because paying attention to the hand, he will see the stillness and all of the movements that it will make, and from this (according to his judgment) he will be able to resolve how much he will have to do.
 
Firstly, one who finds himself at blows with his adversary always has to have his eye on the other’s sword hand, more so than on any other place, all others being fallacious; because paying attention to the hand, he will see the stillness and all of the movements that it will make, and from this (according to his judgment) he will be able to resolve how much he will have to do.
| '''ALCUNI RICORDI OVERO AVERTIMENTI DELLA SCHERMA'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/44|1|lbl=27}}
1 In prima, se uno si trovasse alle mani col suo avversario li deve sempre havere l’occhio alla mano della spada, più che in altro luogo, essendo tutti li altri fallaci; perchè guardando alla mano vede la quiete e tutti i movimenti che ella fa e da essi (secondo il suo giuditio) potrà risolvere quanto harà da fare.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 830: Line 829:
 
| '''2) OF PARRYING AND STRIKING, AND COVERING THE BODY.'''
 
| '''2) OF PARRYING AND STRIKING, AND COVERING THE BODY.'''
 
The good player, when he plays, must never parry without responding with striking; neither less must he go to strike if he is not secure to parry the risposta; nor fail to cover the body if he does not strike; and if it occurs to him to parry with the dagger, when the dagger goes out to parry, the sword must go out to strike.
 
The good player, when he plays, must never parry without responding with striking; neither less must he go to strike if he is not secure to parry the risposta; nor fail to cover the body if he does not strike; and if it occurs to him to parry with the dagger, when the dagger goes out to parry, the sword must go out to strike.
| '''DEL PARARE E FERIRE E SCHIFAR DI VITA'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/44|2|lbl=-}}
<br/>2 Il buon giocatore quando giocherà non deve mai parare se non risponde col ferire, nè meno deve andare a ferire se non è sicuro di parare la risposta, nè manco schifar di vita se non ferisce, & se li occorrerà parare col pugnale, quando il pugnale parte per parare, la spada si deve partire per ferire.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 837: Line 835:
 
| '''3) THE VIRTUE OF THE SINGLE SWORD.'''
 
| '''3) THE VIRTUE OF THE SINGLE SWORD.'''
 
You must know that the single sword is the queen and foundation of all other weapons, yea, that to delight therein is as, and more useful than to do so in others; because more securely does one learn to parry, strike, and cover the body, disengage the sword, counter-disengage, gain the sword against the adversary in all the guards; and during all the aforesaid effects, you will be careful to hold your arm well extended, because you will come to deflect all your adversary’s blows at a distance from your body.
 
You must know that the single sword is the queen and foundation of all other weapons, yea, that to delight therein is as, and more useful than to do so in others; because more securely does one learn to parry, strike, and cover the body, disengage the sword, counter-disengage, gain the sword against the adversary in all the guards; and during all the aforesaid effects, you will be careful to hold your arm well extended, because you will come to deflect all your adversary’s blows at a distance from your body.
| '''LA VIRTU’ DELLA SPADA SOLA'''
+
|  
3 Devesi sapere che la spada sola è la regina e fondamento di tutte l’altre armi sì che il dilettarsi di essa è tanto e più delle altre giovevole, perchè più sicuramente s’impara a parare, ferire e schifar di vita, cavar di spada, contracavar, guadagnar la spada all’avversario in tutte le guardie; e nei sopradetti effetti avvertirai di tener il braccio ben disteso, perchè verrai a spinger in fuora tutti i colpi dell’avversario lontano dalla tua vita.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/44|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/45|1|lbl=28|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 844: Line 842:
 
| '''4) WAYS THAT ONE MUST HOLD ONESELF AGAINST A BESTIAL MAN.'''
 
| '''4) WAYS THAT ONE MUST HOLD ONESELF AGAINST A BESTIAL MAN.'''
 
If you have an encounter with a bestial man, that is, one without measure and tempo, who throws many blows at you with great impetus, there are two things that you can do: first, adopting the play of mezzo tempo, as I show you in its place, you will strike him during his throwing of a thrust or a cut, in his sword-hand or arm; alternately allow him to go into empty space, with somewhat of a slip of your body to the rear, then immediately give him a thrust in the face or chest.
 
If you have an encounter with a bestial man, that is, one without measure and tempo, who throws many blows at you with great impetus, there are two things that you can do: first, adopting the play of mezzo tempo, as I show you in its place, you will strike him during his throwing of a thrust or a cut, in his sword-hand or arm; alternately allow him to go into empty space, with somewhat of a slip of your body to the rear, then immediately give him a thrust in the face or chest.
| '''MODO CHE SI DEVE TENERE CONTRA UN HUOMO BESTIALE'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/45|2|lbl=-}}
4 Se harai all’incontro un huomo bestiale che senza misura e tempo, con gran impito ti tirasse molti colpi, due cose far potrai: prima adoprando il gioco del mezzo tempo, come al suo luoco te l’insegno, lo ferirai, nel suo tirare, di punta o di taglio nella mano o nel braccio della spada, o vero lasciandolo andare a voto con schifar alquanto con la vita indietro e poi spingerli subito una punta nella faccia, o vero nel petto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 851: Line 848:
 
| '''5) WAY OF BECOMING A PERFECT PLAYER.'''
 
| '''5) WAY OF BECOMING A PERFECT PLAYER.'''
 
To one who would become a perfect player, it does not suffice only to take lessons from the master, but it is necessary that he seek daily to play with diverse players, and being able to do so, he must always practice with those who know more than he, because the player with such practiced wits will become most perfect in this virtue.
 
To one who would become a perfect player, it does not suffice only to take lessons from the master, but it is necessary that he seek daily to play with diverse players, and being able to do so, he must always practice with those who know more than he, because the player with such practiced wits will become most perfect in this virtue.
| '''MODO DI VENIR PERFETTO GIOCATORE'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/45|3|lbl=-}}
5 Uno che voglia venir perfetto giocatore non li basta solo pigliare lettione dal Maestro, ma bisogna che cerchi giornalmente giocare con diversi giocatori e potendo deve sempre esercitarsi con quelli che sapranno più di lui, perchè il giocatore con tanti pratichi ingegni verrà in questa virtù perfettissimo.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 858: Line 854:
 
| '''6) OF THE MOST SECURE GUARD.''''
 
| '''6) OF THE MOST SECURE GUARD.''''
 
You know that in my book on the art, that I do not hold to be good other than one single guard, which is the low guard called third, with the sword horizontal in a straight line that divides the right flank through the middle; and the point thereof must always point towards the middle of the adversary’s body, that is, of the nearer side; and it is more secure than other high guards, because the said high guards can more easily be struck with a thrust or cut to the leg, than in the low ones; as I say, this peril is not there, and its virtue is that only the throwing of the thrust is the natural strike.
 
You know that in my book on the art, that I do not hold to be good other than one single guard, which is the low guard called third, with the sword horizontal in a straight line that divides the right flank through the middle; and the point thereof must always point towards the middle of the adversary’s body, that is, of the nearer side; and it is more secure than other high guards, because the said high guards can more easily be struck with a thrust or cut to the leg, than in the low ones; as I say, this peril is not there, and its virtue is that only the throwing of the thrust is the natural strike.
| '''DELLA GUARDIA PIU’ SICURA'''
+
|  
6 Tu sai che nel mio libro dell’arte io non fo buono altro che una sol guardia, la quale è la guardia bassa chiamata terza con la spada in piano in linea retta, la quale deve spartire il fianco destro per il mezzo e la punta di essa deve riguardare sempre per mezzo la vita dell’avversario, cioè le parti più vicine; & è più sicura dell’altre guardie alte, perchè le dette guardie alte potranno esser ferite facilmente di punta o di taglio per gamba, e chè nelle basse, come dico, non ci è questo pericolo: è la virtù di essa solo il tirar di punta e il ferir naturale.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/45|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/46|1|lbl=29|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 865: Line 861:
 
| '''7) OF THE VANITY OF THE FEINTS.'''
 
| '''7) OF THE VANITY OF THE FEINTS.'''
 
The feints are not good, because they lose tempo and measure; in addition it is so, that one will make the feint either in measure or out of measure; if it will be done out of measure, I do not happen to move myself, but if it will be done to me in measure, while he feints, I will strike.
 
The feints are not good, because they lose tempo and measure; in addition it is so, that one will make the feint either in measure or out of measure; if it will be done out of measure, I do not happen to move myself, but if it will be done to me in measure, while he feints, I will strike.
| '''DELLE VANITA’ DELLE FINTE'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/46|2|lbl=-}}
7 Le finte non son buone perchè perdono di tempo e di misura; l’altro si è che la finta si farà o a misura o fuor di misura: se sarà fatta fuor di misura non accade che io mi muova, ma se mi sarà fatta a misura mentre che lui fingerà io ferirò.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 872: Line 867:
 
| '''8) FROM WHOM ONE MUST LEARN.'''
 
| '''8) FROM WHOM ONE MUST LEARN.'''
 
You have to know that there are some who immediately after they have learned a little, and having yet a bit of practice, put themselves to teach others, and they teach without the foundation of the rule which is true, not knowing that knowing that knowing is quite different from teaching, and this methodical teaching is acquired with length of time, because in order to recognize measure and tempo requires much time, so that he who does not well understand measure nor tempo, and does not have a methodical teaching, can be called an imperfect player, and one must be wary of learning from these.
 
You have to know that there are some who immediately after they have learned a little, and having yet a bit of practice, put themselves to teach others, and they teach without the foundation of the rule which is true, not knowing that knowing that knowing is quite different from teaching, and this methodical teaching is acquired with length of time, because in order to recognize measure and tempo requires much time, so that he who does not well understand measure nor tempo, and does not have a methodical teaching, can be called an imperfect player, and one must be wary of learning from these.
| '''DA CHI SI DEBBA IMPARARE'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/46|3|lbl=-}}
8 Tu hai da sapere che sono alcuni che subbito che hanno imparato un poco & havendo ancora un poca di pratica si mettono a insegnare altrui & insegnano senza fondamento nè regola che vera sia, non sapendo che il sapere è differente assai dall’insegnare & questo modo d’insegnare s’acquista con lunghezza di tempo, perchè sì come la misura & il tempo per conoscerla vuol gran tempo, sì che chi non cognoscerà misura, nè tempo & non habbia modo d’insegnare, si possa chiamare imperfetto giocatore & da questi si deve avertire d’imparare.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 879: Line 873:
 
| '''9) OF GAINING THE SWORD.'''
 
| '''9) OF GAINING THE SWORD.'''
 
It is of no small profit nor of little beauty to know how to gain the sword against the adversary in all the guards, and it is as well of no small importance, should the adversary have gained it against you, to know how to recover it; so that on this occasion, in case he gained it, there are three things that you will be able to do: first, you must never disengage to throw a full blow;<ref>“colpo finito”—usu. a cut with long arc.</ref> nor disengage to parry and then strike; another, retreating back, with somewhat of a slip of the body, and lowering your sword, and your adversary wanting to follow you, in the same tempo in which he comes forward to approach and gain the sword anew, you will be able to strike him during the movement of the right foot, either above or below his sword as it happens to be more convenient; and furthermore, care must be taken that we understand stringering the sword as much as gaining it.
 
It is of no small profit nor of little beauty to know how to gain the sword against the adversary in all the guards, and it is as well of no small importance, should the adversary have gained it against you, to know how to recover it; so that on this occasion, in case he gained it, there are three things that you will be able to do: first, you must never disengage to throw a full blow;<ref>“colpo finito”—usu. a cut with long arc.</ref> nor disengage to parry and then strike; another, retreating back, with somewhat of a slip of the body, and lowering your sword, and your adversary wanting to follow you, in the same tempo in which he comes forward to approach and gain the sword anew, you will be able to strike him during the movement of the right foot, either above or below his sword as it happens to be more convenient; and furthermore, care must be taken that we understand stringering the sword as much as gaining it.
| '''DEL GUADAGNAR DELLA SPADA'''
+
|  
9 Non è di piccol profitto nè di poca bellezza il saper guadagnar la spada all’avversario in tutte le guardie & anco non è di poca importanza, caso che l’aversario avesse guadagnata la tua, saperla ricuperare, sì che in quest’occasione, caso che guadagnata ti fosse, tre cose far potrai: prima non devi mai cavare per colpo finito, o vero cavare per parata e poi ferire; l’altra ritirandoti in dietro col cedere alquanto la vita & abbassando la spada & volendo l’avversario seguirti, tu nell’istesso tempo che verrà innanzi per accostarsi e guadagnar di novo lo potrai ferire nel muover del piè destro, di sotto o di sopra alla sua spada, sì come ti tornerà più commodo; & di più si deve avvertire che noi tanto intendiamo stringer la spada quanto che guadagnarla.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/46|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/47|1|lbl=30|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 886: Line 880:
 
| '''10) OF STRIKING IN CONTRATEMPO.'''
 
| '''10) OF STRIKING IN CONTRATEMPO.'''
 
In more manners can one strike in contratempo, but I do not approve of other than two, which will be: finding yourself with your sword in fourth, with its point facing toward your right side, and your adversary coming to gain it, in the same tempo in which he moves his right foot in order to lay his sword upon yours, you will push a thrust from the said fourth, passing forward with your left foot, or with your right instead; alternately, finding yourself in third, and he coming to gain it from the outside, you will thrust him in second while passing as above.
 
In more manners can one strike in contratempo, but I do not approve of other than two, which will be: finding yourself with your sword in fourth, with its point facing toward your right side, and your adversary coming to gain it, in the same tempo in which he moves his right foot in order to lay his sword upon yours, you will push a thrust from the said fourth, passing forward with your left foot, or with your right instead; alternately, finding yourself in third, and he coming to gain it from the outside, you will thrust him in second while passing as above.
| '''DEL FERIRE DI CONTRATEMPO'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/47|2|lbl=-}}
10 In più maniere si potrà ferire di contratempo, ma io non approvo se non due, che sarà ritrovandoti con la tua spada in quarta che la punta di essa guardasse verso le tue parti destre & venendo il tuo avversario per guadagnarla, tu, nell’istesso tempo che muoverà il piè destro a posar la sua spada nella tua, li spingerai d’una punta con la detta quarta, passando col piè sinistro innanzi, o vero col destro; o vero ritrovandoti in terza & che venisse per guadagnarla di fuora, li spingerai di seconda col passare come di sopra.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 893: Line 886:
 
| '''11) OF WALKING.'''
 
| '''11) OF WALKING.'''
 
Many and varied are the opinions of masters regarding this action of walking with weapons in hand; I say (following my judgment) that walking from the right side, as from the left of the adversary, chiefly one must take care to always move the left foot accompanied by the right, and having to walk in a straight line, one foot must follow the other, forward as behind; but the true walking will be stepping naturally, always doing so, so that the point of the right shoulder will face forward, and carrying the left foot on the diagonal, so that its point will face toward your left side.
 
Many and varied are the opinions of masters regarding this action of walking with weapons in hand; I say (following my judgment) that walking from the right side, as from the left of the adversary, chiefly one must take care to always move the left foot accompanied by the right, and having to walk in a straight line, one foot must follow the other, forward as behind; but the true walking will be stepping naturally, always doing so, so that the point of the right shoulder will face forward, and carrying the left foot on the diagonal, so that its point will face toward your left side.
| '''DEL PASSEGGIARE'''
+
|  
11 Molti & varij sono i pareri di Maestri circa quest’attione del passeggiare con l’arme in mano; io dico (secondo il mio giuditio) che il passeggiare sì dalla destra parte come dalla sinistra dell’avversario, prima si avvertirà di muovere sempre il piè sinistro accompagnato dal destro & avendo a passeggiare in linea retta un piè deve cacciar l’altro, sì innanzi come adietro; ma il vero passeggiare sarà caminando naturalmente, facendo sempre che la punta della spalla destra sia innanzi e portando il piè sinistro per il traverse che la punta di esso guardi verso le sue parti sinistre.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/47|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/48|1|lbl=31|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 900: Line 893:
 
| '''12) METHOD OF STRIKING THE HAND.'''
 
| '''12) METHOD OF STRIKING THE HAND.'''
 
You must know that every time that your adversary has the point of his sword outside your line, either high or low, or that it faces outside your left or right side, you will put the point of your sword opposite his hand in a straight line; leaning your body somewhat to the rear, you will approach the measure, and, having arrived, you will push a thrust in mezzo tempo into the said hand; just by propelling the body forward and bending the right knee will one strike; but you will take care that in such striking you must carry the left foot back, followed by the right; and furthermore, the enemy having his dagger arm advanced forward, you, wanting to strike it in the hand, will follow the same directions as above.
 
You must know that every time that your adversary has the point of his sword outside your line, either high or low, or that it faces outside your left or right side, you will put the point of your sword opposite his hand in a straight line; leaning your body somewhat to the rear, you will approach the measure, and, having arrived, you will push a thrust in mezzo tempo into the said hand; just by propelling the body forward and bending the right knee will one strike; but you will take care that in such striking you must carry the left foot back, followed by the right; and furthermore, the enemy having his dagger arm advanced forward, you, wanting to strike it in the hand, will follow the same directions as above.
| '''MODO DI FERIRE ALLA MANO'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/48|2|lbl=-}}
12 Deve sapere che ogni volta che il tuo avversario havrà la punta della sua spada fuor della tua presentia, o alta o bassa o che guardasse fuor delle tue parti sinistre o destre, tu te li metterai incontro alla mano la punta della tua spada in linea retta, col piegare alquanto la vita indietro, ti accostarai a misura & arrivato che sarai li spingerai una punta di mezzo tempo nella detta mano: col spinger sol la vita innanzi, piegando il ginocchio destro si ferirà; ma avertirai che in tal ferire devi portare il piè sinistro indietro accompagnato col destro & di più havendo il nimico il braccio del pugnale innanzi avanzato, volendolo tu ferire nella mano terrai il medesimo ordine, come di sopra.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 907: Line 899:
 
| '''13) METHOD OF RECOVERING ONESELF, HAVING STRUCK.'''
 
| '''13) METHOD OF RECOVERING ONESELF, HAVING STRUCK.'''
 
Having struck your adversary with the extraordinary pace, with the right foot forward, likewise in single sword as with sword and dagger or sword and cape, you will retire an ordinary pace, according however to the space that you have behind you; because if you have little space, you will carry back only your right leg, following your enemy’s sword with your sword; but if you have room, you will retire two ordinary paces, so that finally you will carry yourself in guard, and this is the true retiring, although in the schools they practice otherwise.
 
Having struck your adversary with the extraordinary pace, with the right foot forward, likewise in single sword as with sword and dagger or sword and cape, you will retire an ordinary pace, according however to the space that you have behind you; because if you have little space, you will carry back only your right leg, following your enemy’s sword with your sword; but if you have room, you will retire two ordinary paces, so that finally you will carry yourself in guard, and this is the true retiring, although in the schools they practice otherwise.
| '''MODO DI RITIRARSI, FERITO CHE HAVERAI'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/48|3|lbl=-}}
<br/>13 Havendo ferito di passo straordinario il tuo avversario con il piè dritto innanzi, sì in spada sola come in spada e pugnale o vero spada e cappa, ti ritirerai di passo ordinario, secondo però il sito che harai di dietro: perchè se tu harai poco sito portarai indietro solo la gamba diritta, seguitando con la tua spada la spada nimica, ma se harai sito tu tirerai indietro doi passi ordinarij, che l’ultimo ti porterà in guardia; & questo è il vero ritirarsi, se bene nelle scuole usano altrimente.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 914: Line 905:
 
| '''OF SOME TERMS OF FENCING, THAT PERTAIN TO THE USE.'''
 
| '''OF SOME TERMS OF FENCING, THAT PERTAIN TO THE USE.'''
 
Because it is necessary to the scholars to understand the terms that the Masters of fence use in teaching, we have the proposal of explaining them in the following briefest words.
 
Because it is necessary to the scholars to understand the terms that the Masters of fence use in teaching, we have the proposal of explaining them in the following briefest words.
| '''DICHIARATIONE D’ALCVNI TERMINI DELLA SCHERMA CHE S’APPARTENGONO ALL’VSO'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/49|1|lbl=-}}
Perchè fa mestieri a gli scolari di conoscere i termini che usano i Maestri della scherma nell’insegnare, habbiamo proposto di dichiararli nelle seguenti brevissime parole.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 921: Line 911:
 
| '''1) OF THE SWORD.'''
 
| '''1) OF THE SWORD.'''
 
In the sword are to be considered the forte, the debole, the false edge, and the true edge; some like to make three equal divisions of the sword, namely the debole, and the forte, which are its extreme parts, and that of the middle, for as much as the one and the other partner is appropriate to parry and to strike; yet it is also found that four parts are made of it, only without some evident utility; the said terms are easy, and intelligible in and of themselves.
 
In the sword are to be considered the forte, the debole, the false edge, and the true edge; some like to make three equal divisions of the sword, namely the debole, and the forte, which are its extreme parts, and that of the middle, for as much as the one and the other partner is appropriate to parry and to strike; yet it is also found that four parts are made of it, only without some evident utility; the said terms are easy, and intelligible in and of themselves.
| '''DELLA SPADA'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/49|2|lbl=-}}
1 Nella spada si considera il forte, il debole, il fil falso & il fil dritto; ad alcuni piace di fare tre parti uguali della spada, cioè il debole & il forte che sono le sue parti estreme e quello di mezzo, conciosiacchè dell’uno e dell’altro partecipi e sia atto a parare & a ferire; se ne trovano ancora che ne fanno quattro parti, pure senza alcuna evidente utilità; i detti termini sono facili e da per sè intelligibili.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 928: Line 917:
 
| '''2) OF THE GUARDS.'''
 
| '''2) OF THE GUARDS.'''
 
“Guard” we call a certain orientation of the hilt of the sword, which each time that it comes to be posted over the shoulder, forms the first; when it descends to be even with the shoulder, makes the second; when it is further lowered to outside the knee, on the right side, it forms the third; the fourth is made when the hilt is inside the thigh; and these four guards are called principal, and up to this point all agree; as for the pace, the arm, the body, the legs, and the line of the sword, they are of diverse opinions; because some praise the narrow pace, and some the wide, some the mediocre; some extend the arm, others restrain it more or less; some incline the body, some keep it erect; others form the guard putting forward the right leg, or now the left; some hold the sword in a straight line, some high, and some low, and now on one, now on the other side, now forward, now back, in as many lines as are found in the world; others according to the diverse circumstances indifferently avail themselves of all the previously mentioned manners of guards, which according to their differences are named high, and low, narrow, and wide, and other names acquired according to the caprices of masters. “Counterguards”, are named the third and the fourth, that [third] for stringering on the outside, and this [fourth] for stringering on the inside, although all the guards are counterguards, which are chosen according to the diversity of the lines of the sword.
 
“Guard” we call a certain orientation of the hilt of the sword, which each time that it comes to be posted over the shoulder, forms the first; when it descends to be even with the shoulder, makes the second; when it is further lowered to outside the knee, on the right side, it forms the third; the fourth is made when the hilt is inside the thigh; and these four guards are called principal, and up to this point all agree; as for the pace, the arm, the body, the legs, and the line of the sword, they are of diverse opinions; because some praise the narrow pace, and some the wide, some the mediocre; some extend the arm, others restrain it more or less; some incline the body, some keep it erect; others form the guard putting forward the right leg, or now the left; some hold the sword in a straight line, some high, and some low, and now on one, now on the other side, now forward, now back, in as many lines as are found in the world; others according to the diverse circumstances indifferently avail themselves of all the previously mentioned manners of guards, which according to their differences are named high, and low, narrow, and wide, and other names acquired according to the caprices of masters. “Counterguards”, are named the third and the fourth, that [third] for stringering on the outside, and this [fourth] for stringering on the inside, although all the guards are counterguards, which are chosen according to the diversity of the lines of the sword.
| '''DELLE GUARDIE'''
+
|  
2 Guardia chiamano una certa positura dell’elzo della spada il quale ogni volta che vien posto sopra la spalla forma la prima, quando discende ad agguagliarsi alla spalla fa la seconda, quando più s’abbassa fuori del ginocchio nella tua parte dritta viene a formare la terza, la quarta si fa quando l’elzo è dentro alla coscia s’accomoda; e queste quattro guardie si chiamano principali & fin qui tutti son d’acordo; in quanto al passo, al braccio, alla vita, alle gambe & alla linea della spada, sono di diverso parere, perchè alcuni lodano il passo stretto & alcuni il largo, certi il mediocre, chi distende il braccio, chi lo ristringe più e meno, certi piegano la vita, alcuni la drizzano, altri formano la guardia mettendo innanzi la gamba dritta, hora la manca, chi tiene la spada in linea dritta, chi alta e chi bassa & hora da una, hor dall’altra banda, hora innanzi, hora indietro, in tante linee che al mondo si trovano; altri secondo le diverse occasioni, indifferentemente si servono di tutte le predette maniere delle guardie, le quali per la loro differenza si chiamano alte, basse, strette e larghe & altri nomi acquistano secondo i capricci de’ Maestri. Contraguardie si nominano la terza e la quarta, quella per stringer di fuora e questa per stringer di dentro, ben che tutte sieno contraguardie, che si eleggono secondo la diversità delle linee della spada.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/49|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/50|1|lbl=33|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 935: Line 924:
 
| '''3) OF TEMPO.'''
 
| '''3) OF TEMPO.'''
 
Four sorts of tempos are heard named in the schools: the primo, the dui tempi, the mezzo, and the contra tempo; the primo tempo is that when, finding myself at measure, either narrow or wide, I can strike the adversary with just one movement of my sword; from which one equally recognizes that striking of dui tempi requires at least two movements of the sword; mezzo tempo is when at wide measure I strike the adversary in his advanced and uncovered arm, either that of the dagger or of the sword, with a thrust or cut, or alternately when I strike the adversary at narrow measure, as he moves himself to strike or perform some other action; redoubling of blows is usually done in mezzo tempo; contra tempo is when at the very same time that the adversary wants to strike me, I encounter him in shorter tempo and measure; and one needs to know that all the movements and all the reposes of the adversary are tempos nonetheless at measure.
 
Four sorts of tempos are heard named in the schools: the primo, the dui tempi, the mezzo, and the contra tempo; the primo tempo is that when, finding myself at measure, either narrow or wide, I can strike the adversary with just one movement of my sword; from which one equally recognizes that striking of dui tempi requires at least two movements of the sword; mezzo tempo is when at wide measure I strike the adversary in his advanced and uncovered arm, either that of the dagger or of the sword, with a thrust or cut, or alternately when I strike the adversary at narrow measure, as he moves himself to strike or perform some other action; redoubling of blows is usually done in mezzo tempo; contra tempo is when at the very same time that the adversary wants to strike me, I encounter him in shorter tempo and measure; and one needs to know that all the movements and all the reposes of the adversary are tempos nonetheless at measure.
| '''DEL TEMPO'''
+
|  
3 Quattro sorti di tempi si sentono nominare nelle scuole, il primo, i dui tempi, il mezzo & il contra tempo; il primo tempo vogliano che sia quando, trovandomi a misura o stretta o larga io posso ferire l’avversario con un sol movimento di spada, onde parimenti si conosce che il ferire di due tempi richiede almeno due movimenti di spada; mezzo tempo è quando a misura larga ferisco l’avversario nel braccio avanzato e scoperto, sia quello del pugnale o quello della spada, di punta o di taglio o vero quando ferisco l’avversario a misura stretta, muovendosi egli a ferirmi o a fare qualche altro atto; il radoppiare delle botte si fa più che in mezzo tempo, contra tempo: è quando nel medesimo tempo l’avversario mi vuol ferire io l’incontro in più breve tempo e misura; & si vuol sapere che tutti i movimenti e tutti i riposi dell’avversario sieno tempi, però a misura.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/50|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/51|1|lbl=34|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 942: Line 931:
 
| '''4) OF MEASURE.'''
 
| '''4) OF MEASURE.'''
 
The measure is wide or narrow; wide, when the adversary can be struck only by the extraordinary pace; the narrow is when I can strike the adversary in just pace with fixed foot.
 
The measure is wide or narrow; wide, when the adversary can be struck only by the extraordinary pace; the narrow is when I can strike the adversary in just pace with fixed foot.
| '''DELLA MISURA'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/51|2|lbl=-}}
4 La misura è larga o stretta: larga quando si può ferire l’avversario solo nel passo straordinario, la stretta vogliano che sia quando posso ferire l’avversario in passo giusto, a piè fermo.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 949: Line 937:
 
| '''5) IN HOW MANY TEMPOS ONE KNOWS TO STRIKE.'''
 
| '''5) IN HOW MANY TEMPOS ONE KNOWS TO STRIKE.'''
 
The first is when the enemy is fixed in guard, and he lifts or moves his foot that he has forward, that is one tempo in which to accost him; another is when you have parried a blow, then there is a tempo; the third, as he moves himself without judgment from one guard to go into another, before he has fixed himself in it, it is a tempo to offend him; and moreover it is tempo when he raises his sword, as he raises his hand, that is a tempo to strike him; and the last is that, when a blow will have traveled past your body, that is a tempo to follow it with a response.
 
The first is when the enemy is fixed in guard, and he lifts or moves his foot that he has forward, that is one tempo in which to accost him; another is when you have parried a blow, then there is a tempo; the third, as he moves himself without judgment from one guard to go into another, before he has fixed himself in it, it is a tempo to offend him; and moreover it is tempo when he raises his sword, as he raises his hand, that is a tempo to strike him; and the last is that, when a blow will have traveled past your body, that is a tempo to follow it with a response.
| '''IN QUANTI TEMPI SI CONOSCE IL FERIRE'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/51|3|lbl=-}}
5 Il primo è quando il nimico è fermo in guardia & che egli alzasse o movesse il piede che haverà innanzi per accostarsi, quello è tempo; l’altro quando harai parato il colpo, all’hora è tempo; il terzo come egli si movesse senza giuditio di una guardia per andar in un’altra, innanzi che egli sia fermo in essa è tempo di offenderlo; & di più è tempo quando egli alzasse la spada mentre che egli alza la mano, quello è tempo di ferirlo; e l’ultimo è quello quando il colpo haverà trascorso fuori della persona, quello è tempo di seguirlo con la risposta.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 956: Line 943:
 
| '''6) OF THE PACE AND OF WALKING'''
 
| '''6) OF THE PACE AND OF WALKING'''
 
The pace is called ordinary, extraordinary, just, half pace, narrow, and wide; it increases or diminishes itself according to the diversity of the paces; one steps now forward and now back, now to the side, now on the diagonal with one leg or with both; there are those as well who, retiring the forward leg in order to void a blow, hold it suspended in the air in order to respond with greater speed.
 
The pace is called ordinary, extraordinary, just, half pace, narrow, and wide; it increases or diminishes itself according to the diversity of the paces; one steps now forward and now back, now to the side, now on the diagonal with one leg or with both; there are those as well who, retiring the forward leg in order to void a blow, hold it suspended in the air in order to respond with greater speed.
| '''DEL PASSO E DEL PASSEGGIARE'''
+
|  
6 Il passo si chiama ordinario, straordinario, giusto, mezzo passo, stretto e largo e si accresce e si sminuisce secondo la diversità di questi passi, si passeggia hora innanzi & hora indietro, hora da banda, hora a traverso con una gamba o con ambedue; sono ancora quelli che ritirando la gamba innanzi per schifare il colpo la tengano sospesa in aria per risponder con maggior prestezza.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/51|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/52|1|lbl=35|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 963: Line 950:
 
| '''7) OF THE PARRIES.'''
 
| '''7) OF THE PARRIES.'''
 
One parries with the true edge, and, although rarely, with the false edge, in a straight line as in an oblique line; now with the point high, now low, now up, now down; depending on whether one is struck with a thrust or a cut, it is with one or the other of the weapons, or with both; taking care that all the parries require an extended arm, and need to be accompanied with the right leg, followed by the left, and when it occurs to parry with dui tempi, during the tempo in which one parries, one will draw the left foot near to the right, and then while striking, will pass forward with the right.
 
One parries with the true edge, and, although rarely, with the false edge, in a straight line as in an oblique line; now with the point high, now low, now up, now down; depending on whether one is struck with a thrust or a cut, it is with one or the other of the weapons, or with both; taking care that all the parries require an extended arm, and need to be accompanied with the right leg, followed by the left, and when it occurs to parry with dui tempi, during the tempo in which one parries, one will draw the left foot near to the right, and then while striking, will pass forward with the right.
| '''DELLE PARATE'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/52|2|lbl=-}}
7 Si para tanto di filo dritto quanto di fil falso, ben che rade volte, così in linea dritta come in linea obliqua, hora con la punta alta, hora bassa, hora in su hor in giù, secondo che si ferisce di punta o di taglio, e con l’una e con l’altra dell’armi o con tutte due, avertendo che tutte le parate richiedono un braccio disteso & vogliono essere accompagnate con la gamba dritta seguitata dalla sinistra; & quando occorre parare con doi tempi, nel tempo che si para si tirarà il piè manco appresso al dritto & poi nel ferire si passarà col dritto innanzi.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 970: Line 956:
 
| '''8) OF THE FEINTS AND OF COVERING THE SWORD'''
 
| '''8) OF THE FEINTS AND OF COVERING THE SWORD'''
 
“Feints” we call those deceitful gestures of the sword that are made as much of the cut as the thrust, outside and inside of the sword, up and down, forward and back, and in rotation as well as in a straight or oblique line, of the one and of the other weapon, and these feints strike directly at the opposite of that at which they gesture; the counterfeints are done as the counter to the feints. “Covering the sword” is a kind of feint, and it is done by covering the point of the adversary’s sword with the debole of your sword, when one happens to be in low fourth, and needs to be done in a straight line.
 
“Feints” we call those deceitful gestures of the sword that are made as much of the cut as the thrust, outside and inside of the sword, up and down, forward and back, and in rotation as well as in a straight or oblique line, of the one and of the other weapon, and these feints strike directly at the opposite of that at which they gesture; the counterfeints are done as the counter to the feints. “Covering the sword” is a kind of feint, and it is done by covering the point of the adversary’s sword with the debole of your sword, when one happens to be in low fourth, and needs to be done in a straight line.
| '''DELLE FINTE E DEL COPRIR DELLA SPADA'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/52|3|lbl=-}}
8 Finte si chiamano quei cenni ingannevoli della spada che si fanno tanto di taglio quanto di punta, fuori e dentro della spada, in su & in giù, innanzi & indietro e nel giro, ancora in linea dritta & obliqua, a l’una & a l’altr’arme & queste finte feriscano dirittamente all’opposto di quello che accennano; le contrafinte si fanno al contrario delle finte. Il coprir della spada è spetie di finta e si fa coprendo la punta della spada dell’avversario col debole della tua spada, all’hora che si trova in quarta bassa & vuol essere fatta in linea dritta.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 977: Line 962:
 
| '''9) OF CHANGING GUARD, IN GUARD.'''
 
| '''9) OF CHANGING GUARD, IN GUARD.'''
 
Changing guard in guard can be done in three ways: directly, in reverse, or in exchange; for the direct, when from first I change myself into second, and from second into third, or from third into fourth; in reverse, when I go from fourth into third, from third into second, and from second into first; in exchange, when I change myself from first into fourth, or from fourth into first, and from first into third, or from third into first, or from second into fourth, or from fourth into second. Taking care nonetheless that changing yourself from one guard to another, being at measure, you will go back with the left leg, followed by the right; thus will one be safe from the adversary.
 
Changing guard in guard can be done in three ways: directly, in reverse, or in exchange; for the direct, when from first I change myself into second, and from second into third, or from third into fourth; in reverse, when I go from fourth into third, from third into second, and from second into first; in exchange, when I change myself from first into fourth, or from fourth into first, and from first into third, or from third into first, or from second into fourth, or from fourth into second. Taking care nonetheless that changing yourself from one guard to another, being at measure, you will go back with the left leg, followed by the right; thus will one be safe from the adversary.
| '''DEL MUTAMENTO DI GUARDIA IN GUARDIA'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/53|1|lbl=36}}
9 Il mutamento di guardia in guardia si può fare i tre modi: dirittamente, a roverso & a scambio; per lo dritto quando di prima mi muto in seconda e di sceonda in terza o di terza in quarta; a rovescio quando vo di quarta in terza, di terza in seconda e di seconda in prima; a scambio quando mi muto di prima in quarta o di quarta in prima & di prima in terza o di terza in prima o di seconda in quarta o di quarta in seconda. Avertendovi però che mutandovi d’una guardia in un’altra, essendo a misura, si andrà con la gamba sinistra indietro accompagnata con la destra, così si sarà sicuro dall’avversario.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 984: Line 968:
 
| '''10) AGAINST THOSE WHO CIRCLE.'''
 
| '''10) AGAINST THOSE WHO CIRCLE.'''
 
Because your adversary could easily succeed in gaining the sword against you from the inside by circling, in such case you will immediately disengage your sword through to the outside, carrying your left leg followed by your right diagonally, toward the right side of your adversary, putting the point of your sword in a straight line which is pointed at the enemy’s right shoulder, and he coming from outside in order to gain it anew, in that coming you will disengage under his blade, and will strike him with a thrust in fourth, advancing your right leg with an extraordinary pace.
 
Because your adversary could easily succeed in gaining the sword against you from the inside by circling, in such case you will immediately disengage your sword through to the outside, carrying your left leg followed by your right diagonally, toward the right side of your adversary, putting the point of your sword in a straight line which is pointed at the enemy’s right shoulder, and he coming from outside in order to gain it anew, in that coming you will disengage under his blade, and will strike him with a thrust in fourth, advancing your right leg with an extraordinary pace.
| '''CONTRO QUELLI CHE GIRANO'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/53|2|lbl=-}}
10 Perchè facilmente potrebbe succedere che l’avversario nel girare ti guadagnasse la spada di dentro, però in tal effetto subito caverai la tua spada per di fuora, portando la gamba sinistra accompagnata dalla destra per il traverso, verso le parti destre del tuo avversario, mettendo la punta della tua spada in linea retta, che guardi la spalla dritta del nimico & venendo lui di fuora per guadagnarla di nuovo, in tal venire caverai per di sotto la sua & lo ferirai d’una punta di quarta, crescendo la gamba dritta innanzi in passo straordinario.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 991: Line 974:
 
| '''11) AGAINST THE GUARD OF THE LEFT FOOT.'''
 
| '''11) AGAINST THE GUARD OF THE LEFT FOOT.'''
 
Finding the adversary in low third with his left leg forward, you will put yourself against him similarly in third, but with your right leg forward, and with the point of your sword crossing toward his left side, and this in order to achieve two effects: the first of which is that he will be unable to dominate your sword, which he will go seeking with his dagger; the other is that thereby uncovering more of your body, you invite him to pass, and as he passes you will parry with your sword, and with the same third, with the point high, and passing, you will give him a stab in the chest. Moreover, if you wish to be the first to strike against the said guard of the left foot, you will put yourself to him in the encounter similarly in third with the sword in a straight line, making your point aim at your enemy’s dagger hand, in order to enable you at your ease to give him a stoccata in mezzo tempo in the said hand; alternately you can make a feint over his dagger, and he wanting to parry, you will disengage your sword under his dagger, passing forward with your left foot, and finding your enemy’s sword with your dagger in the same tempo, you will strike him a thrust under the arm; furthermore one can feint under the dagger, and he wanting again to parry, you will disengage and will strike him in second over his dagger, passing and parrying as above; taking note that one can also feint and strike without passing, but by only waiting for the adversary, in response to you having feinted, to pass to strike, and then you, only with slipping your body back during his passing, and parrying the enemy’s sword with your dagger, will strike him above or below his dagger, according to the opportunity that will come to you. Moreover, you must be careful that, having to deal with a left handed person, and he standing with his right foot forward, you will have to put yourself to him at the encounter with your left foot forward with your sword low and refused, and with your body leaning toward your right side, and you will carry your weapons on the same side, so that doing such, you will change your adversary’s mind, he being unable to throw any blow which will not give itself to be defended.
 
Finding the adversary in low third with his left leg forward, you will put yourself against him similarly in third, but with your right leg forward, and with the point of your sword crossing toward his left side, and this in order to achieve two effects: the first of which is that he will be unable to dominate your sword, which he will go seeking with his dagger; the other is that thereby uncovering more of your body, you invite him to pass, and as he passes you will parry with your sword, and with the same third, with the point high, and passing, you will give him a stab in the chest. Moreover, if you wish to be the first to strike against the said guard of the left foot, you will put yourself to him in the encounter similarly in third with the sword in a straight line, making your point aim at your enemy’s dagger hand, in order to enable you at your ease to give him a stoccata in mezzo tempo in the said hand; alternately you can make a feint over his dagger, and he wanting to parry, you will disengage your sword under his dagger, passing forward with your left foot, and finding your enemy’s sword with your dagger in the same tempo, you will strike him a thrust under the arm; furthermore one can feint under the dagger, and he wanting again to parry, you will disengage and will strike him in second over his dagger, passing and parrying as above; taking note that one can also feint and strike without passing, but by only waiting for the adversary, in response to you having feinted, to pass to strike, and then you, only with slipping your body back during his passing, and parrying the enemy’s sword with your dagger, will strike him above or below his dagger, according to the opportunity that will come to you. Moreover, you must be careful that, having to deal with a left handed person, and he standing with his right foot forward, you will have to put yourself to him at the encounter with your left foot forward with your sword low and refused, and with your body leaning toward your right side, and you will carry your weapons on the same side, so that doing such, you will change your adversary’s mind, he being unable to throw any blow which will not give itself to be defended.
| '''CONTRO LA GUARDIA DI PIE’ MANCO'''
+
|  
11 Ritrovandosi l’avversario in terza bassa e con la gamba manca innanzi ti metterai contra lui similmente in terza, ma con la gamba dritta innanzi & con la punta della tua spada traversata verso le tue parti sinister & ciò per due effetti: l’uno de’ quali è che non possa dominare la spada tua, il quale va cercando col suo pugnale, l’altra è acciochè scoprendo più la vita tua l’inviti a passare, e passando egli pararai di spada con la medesima terza, con la punta alta, e passando li darai una pugnalata nel petto. Di più volendo tu essere il primo a ferire la detta guardia di piè manco, ti li metterai all’incontro similmente in terza con la spada in linea retta, facendo che la punta guardi la mano del pugnale del nimico per potergli dare a tua comodità una stoccata di mezzo tempo nella detta mano; o vero li potrai fare una finta sopra il pugnale & volendo egli parare cavarai la tua spada per di sotto il suo pugnale, passando con il piede sinistro innanzi e trovando con il tuo pugnale nell’istesso tempo la spada nimica, lo ferirai di punta sotto il braccio; di più si può fingere per di sotto il pugnale & volendo egli di nuovo parare tu caverai e lo ferirai di seconda sopra il suo pugnale, passando e parando come di sopra, avvertendo che si può ancor fingere & ferire senza passare, ma solamente con l’aspettare che l’avversario, finto che tu haverai, che passi lui per ferire, & all’hora tu, solo col cedere di vita indietro nel suo passare & parando con il tuo pugnale la spada nemica, lo ferirai di sopra o di sotto il suo pugnale, secondo l’occasione che ti verrà. Di più si deve avvertire che havendo a fare con un mancino & stando lui col suo piè dritto innanzi se li doverà mettere all’incontro di piè manco con la spada bassa ritirata & con la vita che penda verso le tue parti destre & alle medesime parti porterai le tue armi, sì che facendo così metterai il cervello a partito dell’avversario, non potendo lui sparar botta alcuna che non dia nelle difese.
+
{{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|54|lbl=37|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/55|1|lbl=38|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 998: Line 981:
 
| '''12) OF STRINGERING THE SWORD.'''
 
| '''12) OF STRINGERING THE SWORD.'''
 
The sword is stringered for the purpose of coming to measure, or to uncover the adversary from outside and from inside, high and low, but always in a straight line, while one is fixed or the adversary moves himself, and most often it is done in dui tempi; in the first the debole of the enemy’s sword is acquired with a palmo of the debole of yours; in the second tempo the beginning of the adversary’s forte is acquired; as much as he disengages, you counterdisengage or not, but you will take care to do so in a straight line, and that your forte always follows your debole, together with the motion of your leg.
 
The sword is stringered for the purpose of coming to measure, or to uncover the adversary from outside and from inside, high and low, but always in a straight line, while one is fixed or the adversary moves himself, and most often it is done in dui tempi; in the first the debole of the enemy’s sword is acquired with a palmo of the debole of yours; in the second tempo the beginning of the adversary’s forte is acquired; as much as he disengages, you counterdisengage or not, but you will take care to do so in a straight line, and that your forte always follows your debole, together with the motion of your leg.
| '''DELLO STRINGER DELLA SPADA'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/55|2|lbl=-}}
12 La spada si stringe a fine di venire a misura o a scoprire l’avversario, di fuora e di dentro, alto e basso, ma sempre in linea dritta, mentre si ferma o si move l’avversario, & il più delle volte si fa di doi tempi: di prima si acquista il debole della spada con un palmo del debole della tua, nel secondo tempo s’acquista il principio del forte della spada dell’avversario, in tanto che egli cava, contracavando tu o no; ma avertirai che si faccia in linea dritta & che il forte accompagni il debole insieme col moto della gamba.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,005: Line 987:
 
| '''13) MOST USEFUL ADMONITION IN REGARDS TO DOMINATING THE SWORD.'''
 
| '''13) MOST USEFUL ADMONITION IN REGARDS TO DOMINATING THE SWORD.'''
 
One dominates the sword in two manners: in the first, when having acquired the adversary’s sword, I never quit the domination while striking. In the second, having beaten the sword in whatever manner, so that he exits outside of my line, in that tempo in which it travels by force, it is understood to be in my domination, in which I have to strike before he redeems himself. The domination of the single sword is either of stillness or of motion, the one of the thrust, and the other of the cut. One dominates with the forte during parrying, or one beats with the debole in order to seek the tempo and the measure. In single sword, having dominated the enemy’s sword with the forte, you must never respond with a cut, but indeed with a thrust; the one and the other you will be able to do having dominated the enemy’s sword with your sword and dagger together, the dagger remaining in the guard of domination; nonetheless I exhort you to always strike with a thrust because it is more mortal, and thereby the sword does not depart from the line, the opposite of which is done by the cut.
 
One dominates the sword in two manners: in the first, when having acquired the adversary’s sword, I never quit the domination while striking. In the second, having beaten the sword in whatever manner, so that he exits outside of my line, in that tempo in which it travels by force, it is understood to be in my domination, in which I have to strike before he redeems himself. The domination of the single sword is either of stillness or of motion, the one of the thrust, and the other of the cut. One dominates with the forte during parrying, or one beats with the debole in order to seek the tempo and the measure. In single sword, having dominated the enemy’s sword with the forte, you must never respond with a cut, but indeed with a thrust; the one and the other you will be able to do having dominated the enemy’s sword with your sword and dagger together, the dagger remaining in the guard of domination; nonetheless I exhort you to always strike with a thrust because it is more mortal, and thereby the sword does not depart from the line, the opposite of which is done by the cut.
| '''RICORDO VTILISSIMO IN QVANTO AL DOMINAR LA SPADA'''
+
|  
13 La spada si domina in doi maniere: nella prima quando havendo acquistato la spada dell’avversario non mi parto mai dal dominio nel ferire. Nella seconda, havendo battuta la spada in qual si voglia maniera sì che esca fuori della mia presentia, in quel tempo che camina sforzatamente s’intende esser nel mio dominio, nel quale ho da ferire prima che si riscatti. Il dominio della spada sola è della quiete o del moto, l’uno della punta & l’altro del taglio. Si domina col forte nel parare o si batte col debole per cercare il tempo e la misura. In spada sola, havendo dominata la spada nemica col forte, mai si deve rispondere di taglio, ma sì bene di punta; l’uno e l’altro potreste fare havendo dominata la spada nemica con la tua spada e pugnale insieme, il quale resta in guardia del dominio, benchè io vi esorto a ferire sempre di punta perchè è più mortale, nè mai la spada si leva dalla presentia: il contrario fa il taglio.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/55|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/56|1|lbl=39|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,012: Line 994:
 
| '''14) OF THE DISENGAGE AND COUNTERDISENGAGE.'''
 
| '''14) OF THE DISENGAGE AND COUNTERDISENGAGE.'''
 
The disengage, as well as the counterdisengage, is done in order to slip the measure in tempo, or in order to acquire it, and they are done either forward or back, according to the said goals; the necessary way of counterdisengaging is to follow the adversary’s sword, replacing your sword back into its previous site, and this one can do on one or the other side. One must know as well that in disengaging the sword one can disengage over as well as under the enemy’s sword in order to gain it, but the difference between the one and the other in disengaging is this, that disengaging under in order to stringer is done with the arm extended, and with a small increase of the foot; and the disengage over is done with a slip of the body with the arm and the sword in an oblique line to the rear, so that your sword have cleared the point of the enemy’s sword and then replacing immediately the forte of your sword so as to be over his, and this method of disengaging must be done in order to strike as well as in order to stringer.
 
The disengage, as well as the counterdisengage, is done in order to slip the measure in tempo, or in order to acquire it, and they are done either forward or back, according to the said goals; the necessary way of counterdisengaging is to follow the adversary’s sword, replacing your sword back into its previous site, and this one can do on one or the other side. One must know as well that in disengaging the sword one can disengage over as well as under the enemy’s sword in order to gain it, but the difference between the one and the other in disengaging is this, that disengaging under in order to stringer is done with the arm extended, and with a small increase of the foot; and the disengage over is done with a slip of the body with the arm and the sword in an oblique line to the rear, so that your sword have cleared the point of the enemy’s sword and then replacing immediately the forte of your sword so as to be over his, and this method of disengaging must be done in order to strike as well as in order to stringer.
| '''DEL CAVARE E CONTRACAVARE'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/56|2|lbl=-}}
14 Il cavare sì come ancora il contracavare si fa per fuggire il tempo, la misura, o vero per acquistarla e si fanno o innanzi o indietro, secondo detto fine, richiedono; il modo di contracavare è di seguitare la spada dell’avversario, rimettendo la tua spada nel sito di prima & questo far si può sì da una come dall’altra parte. Si deve ancor sapere che il cavare di spada si puol cavare di sopra come di sotto dalla spada nimica per guadagnarla, ma la differenza che tra l’una e l’altra nel cavare si è questa, che cavando di sotto per stringer va cavato col braccio disteso e con un poco di crescimento di piè & il cavare per di sopra va fatto con il cedere della vita, col braccio e con la spada in linea obliqua in dietro, chè la tua spada habbi liberata la punta della spada nimica, rimettendo in un subito il forte della tua spada per di sopra la sua, & questo modo di cavar si può fare sì per ferire come per stringere.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,019: Line 1,000:
 
| '''15) OF STRIKING.'''
 
| '''15) OF STRIKING.'''
 
Striking is of two sorts: of the cut and of the thrust, but each of these comes along with more types, according to their blows, because the mandritto will be either ordinary, or fendente, or tondo, or montante, or stramazzone, or ridoppio; and from the opposite side, they will be as above; and the thrusts convert themselves into four types. The mandritto is that which begins from the right side; and that is named ordinary which crosses through an oblique line, namely from the left shoulder to the right knee of the enemy. But the fendente is named that which goes to strike in a straight line from up to down; the tondo is named that which turns crosswise. And the montante is that which departs with the true edge of the sword from beneath and goes to strike to the point of the adversary’s right shoulder. Stramazzone is that which goes in the manner of a wheel using the wrist; ridoppio we call when with a mezzo mandritto which knocked down the enemy’s sword, you will go returning to him another ordinary mandritto. The falso, then, is designated in two manners, namely dritto and manco; you can avail yourself of the falso dritto in order to hit outside the enemy’s sword, that is, toward his right side; and with the falso manco you will hit toward his left side; however it seems to me, if it occurs to you to parry with a falso dritto, I say that it will be far better to turn well your wrist and parry with the true edge for more sureness, and the true edge will turn more quickly; but when you will hit the blow with the falso manco, you will be able to strike them with a thrust as well as a cut, taking care that when you parry with the falso, you parry from the middle of your sword up to the point, and when you parry with the true edge, you must parry with the forte, from the middle of your sword down to the hilt; remember that the mandritti and riversi are done with the motion of the elbow, and in such cases when the measure and tempo support it, with the upper part of the arm.
 
Striking is of two sorts: of the cut and of the thrust, but each of these comes along with more types, according to their blows, because the mandritto will be either ordinary, or fendente, or tondo, or montante, or stramazzone, or ridoppio; and from the opposite side, they will be as above; and the thrusts convert themselves into four types. The mandritto is that which begins from the right side; and that is named ordinary which crosses through an oblique line, namely from the left shoulder to the right knee of the enemy. But the fendente is named that which goes to strike in a straight line from up to down; the tondo is named that which turns crosswise. And the montante is that which departs with the true edge of the sword from beneath and goes to strike to the point of the adversary’s right shoulder. Stramazzone is that which goes in the manner of a wheel using the wrist; ridoppio we call when with a mezzo mandritto which knocked down the enemy’s sword, you will go returning to him another ordinary mandritto. The falso, then, is designated in two manners, namely dritto and manco; you can avail yourself of the falso dritto in order to hit outside the enemy’s sword, that is, toward his right side; and with the falso manco you will hit toward his left side; however it seems to me, if it occurs to you to parry with a falso dritto, I say that it will be far better to turn well your wrist and parry with the true edge for more sureness, and the true edge will turn more quickly; but when you will hit the blow with the falso manco, you will be able to strike them with a thrust as well as a cut, taking care that when you parry with the falso, you parry from the middle of your sword up to the point, and when you parry with the true edge, you must parry with the forte, from the middle of your sword down to the hilt; remember that the mandritti and riversi are done with the motion of the elbow, and in such cases when the measure and tempo support it, with the upper part of the arm.
| '''DEL FERIRE'''
+
|  
15 Il ferire è di due sorti: di taglio e di punta; ma ciascuno di essi ha seco più nature, secondo il suo colpire, perchè il mandritto sarà o ordinario o fendente o tondo o montante o stramazzone o ridoppio e dalle parti riverse saranno come di sopra; le punte si convertono in quattro nature; il mandritto è quello che dalle parti dritte comincia e si chiama ordinario il qual’è quello che per linea obliqua trascorre, cioè dalla spalla manca al ginocchio dritto del nimico. Ma il fendente si chiama quello che va a ferire per dritta linea, di su in giù; il tondo si dimanda quello che a traverso volta. Et il montante è quello che parte col fil dritto della spada di sotto & va a ferire alla punta della spalla dritta dell’avversario. Stramazzone è quello che col nodo della mano a guisa di Ruota si fa; ridoppio chiamano quando con un mezzo mandritto atterrata la spada nimica li vai voltando un altro mandritto ordinario; il falso poi si determina in doi maniere, cioè dritto e manco: del falso dritto ve ne potete servire per urtare in fuora la spada nimica, cioè verso le sue parti destre & del falso manco urterete verso le sue parti sinistre; però al mio parere se vi occorresse parare di falso dritto dico che sarà meglio assai voltar bene il nodo della mano e parare col fil dritto, per più sicurezza, e più presto volterà il dritto, ma quando urtarete il colpo col falso manco potrete ferire sì di punta come di taglio, avertendovi che quando parate col falso parate del mezzo in su della spada verso la punta & quando parerete col fil dritto si deve parare col forte dal mezzo della spada in giù verso il finimento; si ricorda che i mandritti e i riversi si fanno col moto del gombito e talvolta quando la misura & il tempo lo sopporta con le parti superiori del braccio.
+
{{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/56|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/57|1|lbl=40|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,026: Line 1,007:
 
| '''16) OF THE CUT.'''
 
| '''16) OF THE CUT.'''
 
The cuts need to be done as if slicing, because in this manner one comes to strike with all of the debole, because little by little one will come to cut with the sharpest part of the edge, and for this reason the cuts that descend are more vigorous than those that stop above the waist, to such extent that the said upper and lower parts are found to be more or less at apt measure to give slicing offenses.
 
The cuts need to be done as if slicing, because in this manner one comes to strike with all of the debole, because little by little one will come to cut with the sharpest part of the edge, and for this reason the cuts that descend are more vigorous than those that stop above the waist, to such extent that the said upper and lower parts are found to be more or less at apt measure to give slicing offenses.
| '''DEL TAGLIO'''
+
| {{section|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf/57|2|lbl=-}}
16 I tagli vogliano esser fatti a segatura, sì perchè in questa maniera viene a ferire tutto il debole, sì ancora perchè a poco a poco si verrà a tagliare con la parte più radente del filo; e per queste cagioni i tagli che discendano sono più gagliardi che quelli che si fermano dalla cintura in su, in quanto le dette parti superiori & inferiori si trovano, più o meno, a misura, atte a essere offese a segatura.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,033: Line 1,013:
 
| '''17) OF THE THRUST.'''
 
| '''17) OF THE THRUST.'''
 
In the thrust are noted the stoccata, the imbroccata, and the punta riversa; the imbroccata is sent from the first guard, and goes to strike from the adversary’s left shoulder down to his right knee, with the false edge down, so that one does not turn the hand until the point of the attack arrives, and needs to fall. The stoccata needs to be sent from third guard, and looks to strike the adversary toward his right shoulder; the punta riversa is sent from fourth, and goes to strike from outside the enemy’s shoulder, reversing well your hand to the inside, somewhat joining the point in falsehood, that it comes from low, upwards, toward the adversary’s breast, you finding your sword in low guard.
 
In the thrust are noted the stoccata, the imbroccata, and the punta riversa; the imbroccata is sent from the first guard, and goes to strike from the adversary’s left shoulder down to his right knee, with the false edge down, so that one does not turn the hand until the point of the attack arrives, and needs to fall. The stoccata needs to be sent from third guard, and looks to strike the adversary toward his right shoulder; the punta riversa is sent from fourth, and goes to strike from outside the enemy’s shoulder, reversing well your hand to the inside, somewhat joining the point in falsehood, that it comes from low, upwards, toward the adversary’s breast, you finding your sword in low guard.
| '''DELLA PUNTA'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|58|lbl=41}}
17 Nella punta si ricordano la stoccata, l’imbroccata & la punta riversa: l’imbroccata si parte dalla prima guardia & va a ferire dalla spalla sinistra dell’avversario fino al suo ginocchio dritto col fil falso di sotto, sì che non si volti la mano fin che non arriva al punto di ferire, e vuol essere buttata. La stoccata vogliano che si parta dalla terza guardia & che vadi a ferire l’avversario verso la spalla dritta; la punta riversa si parte dalla quarta & va a ferire di fuora dalla spalla nimica, riversando ben la mano in dentro; alcuni aggiungono la punta in falso che vien da giù in su, verso il petto dell’avversario, ritrovandosi la spada in guardia bassa.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,040: Line 1,019:
 
| '''WAY OF LAYING THE HAND ON THE SWORD.'''
 
| '''WAY OF LAYING THE HAND ON THE SWORD.'''
 
Because in all the lands there are not the same customs, and often times enmities are expressed with little sincerity, in order to be provided against all occasions, it will not, perhaps, be out of place to teach the way of laying the hand on the sword, before we come to deal with its handling. If by chance you will have your right leg forward when laying your hand on the sword, as is shown in this figure, you will draw back the said leg, extending your right arm at the same time into high first; and if perchance you find yourself with the left leg forward, as the other figure shows, it will not happen if you do not draw your sword in the aforesaid manner, without changing of your pace; and if you would like to avail yourself of the sword and cape, or sword and dagger, as well as the single sword, the true way is, that first you will take a step with your right foot forward in order to present yourself in fourth, or alternately being near the adversary you will draw your left foot back presenting yourself as above, and then at your ease you will be able to wind your cape, or extend your hand to your dagger with more safety, being that the point of your sword will make it such that your adversary remains distant wile you accommodate yourself to your weapons; and this is as much as it occurs to me to say about this particular topic.
 
Because in all the lands there are not the same customs, and often times enmities are expressed with little sincerity, in order to be provided against all occasions, it will not, perhaps, be out of place to teach the way of laying the hand on the sword, before we come to deal with its handling. If by chance you will have your right leg forward when laying your hand on the sword, as is shown in this figure, you will draw back the said leg, extending your right arm at the same time into high first; and if perchance you find yourself with the left leg forward, as the other figure shows, it will not happen if you do not draw your sword in the aforesaid manner, without changing of your pace; and if you would like to avail yourself of the sword and cape, or sword and dagger, as well as the single sword, the true way is, that first you will take a step with your right foot forward in order to present yourself in fourth, or alternately being near the adversary you will draw your left foot back presenting yourself as above, and then at your ease you will be able to wind your cape, or extend your hand to your dagger with more safety, being that the point of your sword will make it such that your adversary remains distant wile you accommodate yourself to your weapons; and this is as much as it occurs to me to say about this particular topic.
| '''MODO DI METTER MANO ALLA SPADA'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|59|lbl=42}}
Perchè in tutti i paesi non sono le medesime usanze e spesse volte le nimicizie si essercitano con poca sincerità per star proveduto a tutti gli accidenti non sarà forse fuor di proposito di insegnare il modo di metter mano alla spada prima che veniamo a trattare del suo maneggio. Però se per avventura haverai innanzi la gamba dritta nel metter mano alla spada come mostra una di queste figure, tirarasse a dietro detta gamba, stendendo in un medesimo tempo il braccio dritto in prima alta; e se per sorte ti ti trovasse innanzi con la gamba manca, come l’altra figura mostra, non accade se non cavare la spada nella sopradetta maniera, senza mutarsi di passo; & se tu vorrai servirti di spada e cappa, o vero di spada e pugnale, sì anco di spada sola, il vero modo sia di prima mettendo il passo destroy innanzi a presentarsi in quarta o vero essendo l’avversario vicino, tirarai il piè sinistro in dietro appresentandoti come di sopra & all’hora con tua commodità potrai imbracciare la cappa o vero cacciar mano al pugnale con più sicurezza, essendo che la punta della tua spada farà sì che l’avversario stia lontano mentre con le tue armi ti accomoderai, e questo è quanto mi occorre dire intorno a questo particolare.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,047: Line 1,025:
 
| rowspan=3 | '''OF THE GUARDS.'''
 
| rowspan=3 | '''OF THE GUARDS.'''
 
As one cannot make some composition of beautiful and judicious writings without employing the letters of the alphabet, so does it occur in this our art of fencing, that without the following guards, and some voids and slips of the body which come to be the foundation of this exercise, one could not in any way show this use of ours; therefore the following six figures are designated alphabetically. “A” demonstrates the first to you, and the second is presented to you as “B”, and the third as “C”. The fourth is named as “D”, the fifth as “E”, and the sixth as “F”.
 
As one cannot make some composition of beautiful and judicious writings without employing the letters of the alphabet, so does it occur in this our art of fencing, that without the following guards, and some voids and slips of the body which come to be the foundation of this exercise, one could not in any way show this use of ours; therefore the following six figures are designated alphabetically. “A” demonstrates the first to you, and the second is presented to you as “B”, and the third as “C”. The fourth is named as “D”, the fifth as “E”, and the sixth as “F”.
| rowspan=3 | '''DICHIARATIONE DELLE GUARDIE'''
+
| rowspan=3 | {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|61|lbl=44}}
Sì come ne li belli e giuditiosi scritti far non si può componimento alcuno senza adoprare l’alfabetto delle sue lettere, così avviene in questa nostra arte della scherma, che senza le seguenti guardie & alcuni scansi e fuggimenti di vita, che vengono a essere il fondamento di questo essercitio, in alcun modo questo nostro uso mostrar non si potrebbe, adunque le seguenti sei figure segnate per Alfabetto. A. vi dimostra la prima & la seconda vi si appresenta per B. & la terza per C. La quarta si nomina per D. La quinta per E. & la sesta per F.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,073: Line 1,050:
 
L -- The increase of the left foot, with its turn<br/>
 
L -- The increase of the left foot, with its turn<br/>
 
M -- The increase of the left knee of a half pace
 
M -- The increase of the left knee of a half pace
| '''FIGURA DICHIARATA PER VIA D’ALFABETTO'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|65|lbl=48}}
Figura che mostra di stare in guardia come si mostra nell’arte nostra & l’incredibile accrescimento della botta lunga rispetto alle membra, che si movano tutte a ferire.
 
 
 
A. La spalla manca in guardia.<br/>
 
B. La gamba del ginocchio manco in guardia.<br/>
 
C. La pianta del piè manco in guardia.<br/>
 
D. Il passo ordinario in guardia.<br/>
 
E. La pianta del piè dritto in guardia.<br/>
 
F. La coscia e la gamba a scarpa della guardia.<br/>
 
G. La man del braccio dritto in guardia.<br/>
 
H. L’accrescimento del braccio dritto d’altretanta lunghezza.<br/>
 
I. L’accrescimento del ginocchio dritto, quasi un passo.<br/>
 
K. L’accrescimento del passo, poco più d’un piede.<br/>
 
L. L’accrescimento del piè manco col suo giro.<br/>
 
M. L’accrescimento del ginocchio manco d’un mezzo passo.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,093: Line 1,056:
 
| '''WAY OF GAINING THE SWORD ON THE INSIDE IN THE STRAIGHT LINE AND STRIKING ACCORDING TO THE POINT THAT THE ENEMY WILL GIVE.'''
 
| '''WAY OF GAINING THE SWORD ON THE INSIDE IN THE STRAIGHT LINE AND STRIKING ACCORDING TO THE POINT THAT THE ENEMY WILL GIVE.'''
 
There are two causes (it seems to me) for which it is necessary to stringer the adversary: the first is to stringer the sword in order to seek the measure and the tempo; the other is to stringer the body of the adversary in order to seek only the measure; which excellent stringerings are considered in the straight line; and because there are two causes of stringering there must also be two occasions: the first occasion of stringering the sword, in order to seek the measure and tempo, is when the said adversary lies in an oblique line, because the adversary lying with the sword in fourth which is aimed on an oblique line at your left side, you will lie with the sword on the outside, and disengage with an increase of pace in order to stringer it on the inside with the said straight line, as the figures show you; from this he can cause you a good deal of difficulty, seeing as how only the said straight line suffices to stringer the sword, the adversary's sword lying in an oblique line; the second occasion, that of stringering the body in order to find only the measure, is when the adversary lies in the straight line, or with his body uncovered, then without stringering the sword in order to seek the tempo, it will suffice to only stringer the body with the straight line in order to find the measure, and then to strike according to the point; although the use of the art requires that one stringer the sword in all the lines without some utility. Striking according to the point, one must understand that every time that the point of the opposing sword be in your line then you will be able to strike in the straight line where the height of the point of the enemy's sword will give its direction, taking a palmo from the point of your enemy's sword, however, with the forte of your sword, and you will strike safely, taking heed that if it is as high as the middle of your head you will strike him in the face, and were it to the middle of your body you will be able to strike him in the face and in the breast; this is called "to strike according to the point that the enemy's sword will give"; moreover in this way you will be able to safely disengage the sword from all sides in order to attack; however, when disengaging you will carry the forte of your sword in primo tempo to the point of the adversary's sword, and do not do as some masters do, who disengage, and do so in order to strike in primo tempo, arriving with the point of their sword on the forte of the enemy's sword, not perceiving that they give the point to the enemy, and most of the time they are offended, as is seen in our figures.
 
There are two causes (it seems to me) for which it is necessary to stringer the adversary: the first is to stringer the sword in order to seek the measure and the tempo; the other is to stringer the body of the adversary in order to seek only the measure; which excellent stringerings are considered in the straight line; and because there are two causes of stringering there must also be two occasions: the first occasion of stringering the sword, in order to seek the measure and tempo, is when the said adversary lies in an oblique line, because the adversary lying with the sword in fourth which is aimed on an oblique line at your left side, you will lie with the sword on the outside, and disengage with an increase of pace in order to stringer it on the inside with the said straight line, as the figures show you; from this he can cause you a good deal of difficulty, seeing as how only the said straight line suffices to stringer the sword, the adversary's sword lying in an oblique line; the second occasion, that of stringering the body in order to find only the measure, is when the adversary lies in the straight line, or with his body uncovered, then without stringering the sword in order to seek the tempo, it will suffice to only stringer the body with the straight line in order to find the measure, and then to strike according to the point; although the use of the art requires that one stringer the sword in all the lines without some utility. Striking according to the point, one must understand that every time that the point of the opposing sword be in your line then you will be able to strike in the straight line where the height of the point of the enemy's sword will give its direction, taking a palmo from the point of your enemy's sword, however, with the forte of your sword, and you will strike safely, taking heed that if it is as high as the middle of your head you will strike him in the face, and were it to the middle of your body you will be able to strike him in the face and in the breast; this is called "to strike according to the point that the enemy's sword will give"; moreover in this way you will be able to safely disengage the sword from all sides in order to attack; however, when disengaging you will carry the forte of your sword in primo tempo to the point of the adversary's sword, and do not do as some masters do, who disengage, and do so in order to strike in primo tempo, arriving with the point of their sword on the forte of the enemy's sword, not perceiving that they give the point to the enemy, and most of the time they are offended, as is seen in our figures.
| '''MODO DI GVADAGNAR LA SPADA DI DENTRO IN LINEA RETTA E FERIR SECONDO IL PVNTO CHE DARÀ LA SPADA NEMICA.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|67|lbl=50}}
Due sono le cause (pare a me) per le quali è necessario stringere l’aversario, prima di stringere la spada per cercare la misura e il tempo, l’altra di stringere la vita dell’Aversario per cercar solo la misura; quali stringimenti benissimo si considerano nella linea retta; e perchè due sono le cause di stringimenti, due anco devano essere l’occasioni: prima occasione di stringimento di spada per cercare misura e tempo è quando detto Aversario si ritrova in linea obliqua, perchè ritrovandosi l’aversario con la spada in quarta la quale reguardasse per linea obliqua le tue parti sinistre, ritrovandoti con la spada di fuora, cavando con l’accrescimento del passo per stringerla di dentro con detta linea retta, come ti dimostrano le figure, nè questo deve apportarti sorte alcuna di difficoltà, atteso che basti solo a detta linea retta per stringere la spada il trovar la spada de l’aversario in linea obliqua; seconda occasione di stringimento di vita per cercar solo misura è quando l’aversario si trova in linea retta, o vero con la vita scoperta, all’hora senza stringimento di spada per cercare il tempo basta solo stringere la vita con la linea retta per trovare la misura e poi ferire secondo il ponto, se bene l’uso de l’arte vogliono che si stringa la spada in tutte le linee senza utile alcuno. Il ferire secondo il punto si deve intendere ogni volta che la punta della spada contraria sia in tua presentia: all’hora potrai ferire per linea retta dove l’altezza della punta della spada nemica darà la sua dirittura, pigliando però col forte della tua spada un palmo della punta della spada nemica e ferirai sicuramente, avertendo se ella è alta al pari della tua testa, lo ferirai nella faccia & se fusse al pari della tua vita lo potrai ferire nella faccia e nel petto: questo si chiama ferire secondo il punto che darà la spada nemica; di più in questo modo potrai cavar di spada in tutte le bande sicurramente per ferire, quando provocatamente portarai il forte della tua spada di primo tempo alla punta della spada aversaria; & non fare come fanno alcuni maestri che cavano o fanno cavare per ferire nel primo tempo, arrivando con la punta della loro spada nel forte della spada nemica, non si accorgendo che danno il punto al nemico e il più delle volte restano offesi, sì come nelle nostre figure si vede.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,100: Line 1,062:
 
| '''The present and subsequent figures demonstrate diverse manners of wounding on the outside, always presupposing a stringering on the inside and a disengage by the adversary in a thrust for the attack.'''
 
| '''The present and subsequent figures demonstrate diverse manners of wounding on the outside, always presupposing a stringering on the inside and a disengage by the adversary in a thrust for the attack.'''
 
For an explanation of the following figure I say that D being narrow to the inside of the figure marked C, the same C disengages to attack with a thrust to the chest of D. D then attacks with a thrust to the left eye with a firm foot or an increase of a step as seen in the figure. But still I say that if C had been clever, when disengaging he would have disengaged by way of a feint, with his body held back, and D, in approaching, would have been confident in attacking C. Then C would have parried the enemy's sword with the false or the true edge to the outside, giving him a mandritto to the face or an imbroccata to the chest and then he would return to a low fourth.
 
For an explanation of the following figure I say that D being narrow to the inside of the figure marked C, the same C disengages to attack with a thrust to the chest of D. D then attacks with a thrust to the left eye with a firm foot or an increase of a step as seen in the figure. But still I say that if C had been clever, when disengaging he would have disengaged by way of a feint, with his body held back, and D, in approaching, would have been confident in attacking C. Then C would have parried the enemy's sword with the false or the true edge to the outside, giving him a mandritto to the face or an imbroccata to the chest and then he would return to a low fourth.
| '''LE PRESENTI ET SEGVENTI FIGVRE MOSTRANO DIVERSI MODI DI FERIR DI FVORA, Sempre prosupponendo il stringere di dentro & il cavar del tuo Aversario di punta per ferire.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|69|lbl=52}}
Per dichiaratione delle seguenti figure dico che havendo D. stretto di dentro la figura segnata C. l’istessa figura C. cavando per dare una punta nel petto alla figura D., D. lo ferisce di punta ne l’occhio sinistro di piè fermo o accrescimento di passo come mostra la figura. Ma ancor dico che se C. fosse stata persona accorta, quando cavò havrebbe cavato per finta con la vita alquanto ritenuta e venendo D. sicuramente per ferire C., C. harebbe parato di falso o vero di filo per di fuora la spada nemica, dando un dritto per faccia o vero un’imbroccata nel petto, & in tal fine si ritirarebbe nella quarta bassa.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,107: Line 1,068:
 
| '''Figures that demonstrate how much measure is lost by attacking the leg.'''
 
| '''Figures that demonstrate how much measure is lost by attacking the leg.'''
 
C having gained the sword of D, this same C turns a riverso to the leg of the figure noted as D. During the attack of the riverso, D is able to make a stramazzone to the arm or a thrust to the face as a result of it being tipped too far forward. As seen in the figure, D throws the right leg back in the attack. Always, I say, that when D was stringering C, had C been clever, he would have given a riverso to the face followed by a mandritto fendente to the head and thus he would have been safer.
 
C having gained the sword of D, this same C turns a riverso to the leg of the figure noted as D. During the attack of the riverso, D is able to make a stramazzone to the arm or a thrust to the face as a result of it being tipped too far forward. As seen in the figure, D throws the right leg back in the attack. Always, I say, that when D was stringering C, had C been clever, he would have given a riverso to the face followed by a mandritto fendente to the head and thus he would have been safer.
| '''FIGVRE CHE MOSTRANO QVANTO SI PERDE DI MISVRA Il tirare alle gambe.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|71|lbl=54}}
Essendo stata guadagnata la spada alla figura C. dalla figura D. l’istessa figura C. voltando un rivercio per gamba alla figura notata D., D. la puol ferir nel girare del riverso di stramazzone nel braccio o vero una punta nella faccia per il troppo traboccare innanzi, come mostra la figura, ritirando però la detta figura D. la gamba dritta indietro nel ferire. Tuttavia dico che quando D. nel stringere la spada a C. C. fosse stata persona accorta, l’havrebbe sciolto un riverso per faccia, accompagnando un dritto fendente per testa e così sarebbe stato più sicuro.  
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,114: Line 1,074:
 
| '''A figure that attacks in a passata while the adversary disengages in order to wound.'''
 
| '''A figure that attacks in a passata while the adversary disengages in order to wound.'''
 
Figure D having gained the sword on the inside of the figure noted as C, the same C disengages to give a stocatta to the face of D. D attacks him to the face in second with a passing step making a grip with the left hand at the same time of the hilt of the enemy's sword. I will never fail to say that had the one called C been a clever person, he would have disengaged as a feint with his body held back to the rear. D advancing confidently to pass, C falsing underneath his sword and turning an inquartata with a void of the body, passing his leg crossed behind, would wound him in the chest.
 
Figure D having gained the sword on the inside of the figure noted as C, the same C disengages to give a stocatta to the face of D. D attacks him to the face in second with a passing step making a grip with the left hand at the same time of the hilt of the enemy's sword. I will never fail to say that had the one called C been a clever person, he would have disengaged as a feint with his body held back to the rear. D advancing confidently to pass, C falsing underneath his sword and turning an inquartata with a void of the body, passing his leg crossed behind, would wound him in the chest.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI PASSATA mentre che l’aversario cava per ferire.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|73|lbl=56}}
Havendo la figura segnata D. guadagnato la spada dentro alla figura notata C., l’istessa figura C. cavando per dare una stoccata nella faccia alla figura D., D. la ferisce di seconda di passata nella faccia, dando di piglio con la man manca al finimento della spada nemica. Tuttavia non mancherò di dire che se C. fosse stata persona accorta, l’haverebbe cavato la spada per finta, con la vita ritenuta alquanto indietro, & venendo D. sicuramente per passare, C. afalsando la spada nemica per di sotto & inquartando con lo scanso della vita, passando con la gamba di dietro incrociata, lo ferirebbe nel petto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,121: Line 1,080:
 
| '''A figure that wounds in fourth to the right armpit while the adversary disengages to strike.'''
 
| '''A figure that wounds in fourth to the right armpit while the adversary disengages to strike.'''
 
<br/>C having gained the sword of D, the same C will turn a riverso to the face of the figure noted as D. D will then attack into the riverso in quarta, raising his arm and hilt of his sword and at the same time stepping forward well as the sword goes to the chest under the sword arm as you can see. However, instead of turning the riverso, C should have drawn back his sword while retiring back somewhat and lifted his sword in an oblique line (so that its tip was directed at the opponent's left side); [in this manner], if D had entered in fourth, C could have parried with a half mandritto and delivered a riverso to D's face or a thrust to his chest.
 
<br/>C having gained the sword of D, the same C will turn a riverso to the face of the figure noted as D. D will then attack into the riverso in quarta, raising his arm and hilt of his sword and at the same time stepping forward well as the sword goes to the chest under the sword arm as you can see. However, instead of turning the riverso, C should have drawn back his sword while retiring back somewhat and lifted his sword in an oblique line (so that its tip was directed at the opponent's left side); [in this manner], if D had entered in fourth, C could have parried with a half mandritto and delivered a riverso to D's face or a thrust to his chest.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI QUARTA NELLA POCCIA, SOTTO IL BRACCIO DESTRO, MENTRE CHE L’AVVERSARIO CAVA PER FERIRE.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|75|lbl=58}}
Essendo stata guadagnata la spada alla figura C. dalla figura D. l’istessa figura C. voltando un riverso per faccia alla figura notata D., D. la ferisce, nel giro del riverso, di quarta alzando bene il braccio & il finimento della spada, accrescendo bene il passo, nel petto sotto il braccio della spada, come tu vedi. Però dico che se C. in cambio di voltare il riverso havesse cavato la spada in dietro con ritirarsi alquanto, & alzato la spada in linea obliqua, chè la sua punta guardasse verso le parti sinistre dell’Aversario, e volendo D. entrar di quarta, C. parando con uno mezzo mandritto li darebbe un riverso per la faccia, o vero una punta per il petto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,128: Line 1,086:
 
| '''The manner of wounding in diverse ways under the enemy's sword.'''
 
| '''The manner of wounding in diverse ways under the enemy's sword.'''
 
Beginning in third, you will put yourself in a high transverse quarta such that the point of your sword is aimed at the left shoulder of your adversary, and he coming to cover yours in an oblique line, you during his coming turning your hand into second with a bending and lowering of the body will wound him in contra tempo to the body under his sword as shown in the figure. Second, if your adversary had you narrow on the outside, disengage a feinted thrust in fourth to the face and when he parries, turning your hand with the same bending, you will strike him under the sword, as above. Third, if he has you narrow on the inside, you will be able to disengage with a feinted thrust in third to the face and as he raises his sword to parry you will wound him under the sword turning your hand to second in the manner previously mentioned. Fourth, if you are narrow on the inside of your adversary and he disengages to thrust you in the face, you will be able to wound him in two ways: first, you will be able to attack in contra tempo as he approaches, lowering your body and your sword in third; and also you will be able to wound him by parrying in third with the point high and turning the hand to second while striking as previously mentioned. Fifth and last, if you are narrow on the outside of your adversary and he disengages to stringer your sword on the inside, at the same time you will turn the hand, and with a lowering and bending of the body you will attack in third under the sword in the same manner as above.
 
Beginning in third, you will put yourself in a high transverse quarta such that the point of your sword is aimed at the left shoulder of your adversary, and he coming to cover yours in an oblique line, you during his coming turning your hand into second with a bending and lowering of the body will wound him in contra tempo to the body under his sword as shown in the figure. Second, if your adversary had you narrow on the outside, disengage a feinted thrust in fourth to the face and when he parries, turning your hand with the same bending, you will strike him under the sword, as above. Third, if he has you narrow on the inside, you will be able to disengage with a feinted thrust in third to the face and as he raises his sword to parry you will wound him under the sword turning your hand to second in the manner previously mentioned. Fourth, if you are narrow on the inside of your adversary and he disengages to thrust you in the face, you will be able to wound him in two ways: first, you will be able to attack in contra tempo as he approaches, lowering your body and your sword in third; and also you will be able to wound him by parrying in third with the point high and turning the hand to second while striking as previously mentioned. Fifth and last, if you are narrow on the outside of your adversary and he disengages to stringer your sword on the inside, at the same time you will turn the hand, and with a lowering and bending of the body you will attack in third under the sword in the same manner as above.
| '''MODO DI FERIRE IN DIVERSE ATTIONI SOTTO LA NEMICA SPADA.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|77|lbl=60}}
Prima, di terza, ti metterai in quarta alta traversata, sì che la punta della tua spada rispondi alla spalla sinistra dell’Aversario e venendo egli a coprire la tua in linea obliqua, tu nel suo venire, voltando la mano in seconda con il piegar & abassare la persona, lo ferirai di contratempo nella vita per di sotto la sua spada, come mostra la figura. Secondo caso che l’aversario ti havesse stretto di fuora, cavando tu una punta finta di quarta per la faccia e volendo egli parare, voltando tu la mano con la piegatura medesima lo ferirai sotto la spada, come di sopra. Terzo, se tu fosse stato stretto di dentro potrai cavare una punta finta di terza per la faccia & alzando lui la spada per parare lo ferirai sotto la spada, voltando la mano in seconda, nel modo ch’è sopra. Quarto, essendo da te stretto di dentro il tuo Aversario e lui cavando per ferirti di punta in faccia, tu lo potrai ferire in due maniere: prima potrai ferirlo di contratempo nel suo venire, abassando però la vita e la spada in terza, & anco lo potrai ferire parando in terza con la punta alta, voltando la mano in seconda nel ferire, nel modo ch’è sopra. Quinto & ultimo, se fusse stato stretto di fuora il tuo Aversario da te & egli cavando per stringer la tua spada di dentro, nel medesimo tempo voltando la mano con abassare e piegar la vita lo ferirai di terza sotto la spada, nel medesimo modo ch’è sopra.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,135: Line 1,092:
 
| '''Figure that parries with the sword with both hands and wounds with a thrust to the throat with a passata while the adversary disengages the sword.'''
 
| '''Figure that parries with the sword with both hands and wounds with a thrust to the throat with a passata while the adversary disengages the sword.'''
 
Figure D having gained the sword of the figure noted as C on the inside in low guard, and C disengaging to give a stoccata to the chest of D, D passes with the left foot and at the same time presses the enemy’s sword down with both hands and attacks the chest in third. But without any doubt, if C had been an intelligent person, when disengaging the point to attack he would have disengaged somewhat retired, and D, parrying and passing with both hands to wound C, C only with a lowering of the point of the sword toward the earth and turning the hand to second with a voiding of the body to the left side of the adversary and a disengagement of the edge above the enemy's sword will wound on the inside with a riverso to the face, returning to third; or having parried, he will pass to the inside with the left leg; turning the body to the right, and holding his sword with both hands, while turning he will give a thrust to the chest going to D so that he cannot be saved.
 
Figure D having gained the sword of the figure noted as C on the inside in low guard, and C disengaging to give a stoccata to the chest of D, D passes with the left foot and at the same time presses the enemy’s sword down with both hands and attacks the chest in third. But without any doubt, if C had been an intelligent person, when disengaging the point to attack he would have disengaged somewhat retired, and D, parrying and passing with both hands to wound C, C only with a lowering of the point of the sword toward the earth and turning the hand to second with a voiding of the body to the left side of the adversary and a disengagement of the edge above the enemy's sword will wound on the inside with a riverso to the face, returning to third; or having parried, he will pass to the inside with the left leg; turning the body to the right, and holding his sword with both hands, while turning he will give a thrust to the chest going to D so that he cannot be saved.
| '''FIGVRA CHE PARA CON LA SPADA CON AMBIDVE LE MANI E FERISCE DI PASSATA DI PVNTA NELLA GOLA mentre l’Aversario cava la spada.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|79|lbl=62}}
Havendo la figura D. guadagnato di dentro in guardia bassa la spada alla figura segnata C. & cavando detta figura C. per dare una stoccata nel petto alla figura D., D., passando con la gamba manca & nell’istesso tempo calcando con ambidue le mani la spada nimica, lo ferisce nel petto di terza; ma non è dubbio alcuno che se C. fosse stata persona intelligente, quando cavò la punta per ferire l’haverebbe cavata alquanto ritenuta, e parando & passando D. con ambe le mani per ferire C., C. solo con l’abassare la punta della spada verso terra & voltando la mano in seconda, col scansare alquanto la vita verso le parti sinistre dell’aversario & cavando di filo sopra la spada nimica, lo ferirà per di dentro d’un riverso per faccia, ritirandosi in terza, overo, parato che haverà, passerà con la gamba sinistra per di dentro alla destra, girando la vita e pigliando la sua spada con ambidue le mani, nel girare li darà una punta nel petto andandoli addosso, chè D. non si potrà aiutare.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,142: Line 1,098:
 
| '''Figure that wounds with a scannatura of the point to the right flank with a step while the adversary disengages to attack.'''
 
| '''Figure that wounds with a scannatura of the point to the right flank with a step while the adversary disengages to attack.'''
 
This manner of attack is called the scannatura, which is made in the following manner with C being narrow on the outside of the sword of the figure noted as D. The same figure D disengages a thrust to the face of C and the same C, meeting the sword of the enemy on the outside, lowering the point to second and passing with the left leg at the same time wounds him in the flank, lowering his hilt with his body and seizing his hand as you see.
 
This manner of attack is called the scannatura, which is made in the following manner with C being narrow on the outside of the sword of the figure noted as D. The same figure D disengages a thrust to the face of C and the same C, meeting the sword of the enemy on the outside, lowering the point to second and passing with the left leg at the same time wounds him in the flank, lowering his hilt with his body and seizing his hand as you see.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI SCANNATVRA DI PVNTA NEL FIANCO DESTRO DI PASSATA MENTRE L’AVERSARIO CAVA PER FERIRE.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|81|lbl=64}}
Questo modo di ferire si chiama di scannatura, la qual si fa nella seguente maniera: havendo stretto di fuora la figura segnata C. la spada alla figura notata D. l’istessa figura D. cavando una punta per la faccia alla figura C. & l’istessa figura C. affrontando la spada nemica per di fuora, calando la punta in seconda e passando con la gamba manca, in un medesimo tempo ferisce nel fianco, abassando con la vita il finimento e prendendoli la mano, come vedi.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Capo Ferro 14.png|400x400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Capo Ferro 15.png|400x400px|center]]
| '''The present and subsequent figures demonstrate diverse ways to attack to the inside always presupposing a stringering on the outside and a disengagement by the enemy of the point in order to attack.'''
+
| '''The present and subsequent figures demonstrate diverse ways to attack to the inside always presupposing a stringering on the outside and a disengagement by the enemy of the point in order to attack.'''<ref>This play appears after the subsequent one, but appears to be introducing it, so the two have been swapped.</ref>
 
The following figures demonstrate diverse ways to attack on the inside presupposing always a stringering on the outside on your side, and on that of your adversary, a disengage in order to attack you. D disengages as aforementioned and C will attack in fourth with a firm foot, or with a step, to the throat or face. But if D had been an intelligent person, when he disengaged he would have done so with a beating of his enemy's sword with his edge, followed with a thrust to the face or a riverso to the arm of figure C, then retiring into terza in ordinary pace.
 
The following figures demonstrate diverse ways to attack on the inside presupposing always a stringering on the outside on your side, and on that of your adversary, a disengage in order to attack you. D disengages as aforementioned and C will attack in fourth with a firm foot, or with a step, to the throat or face. But if D had been an intelligent person, when he disengaged he would have done so with a beating of his enemy's sword with his edge, followed with a thrust to the face or a riverso to the arm of figure C, then retiring into terza in ordinary pace.
| '''LE PRESENTI ET SEGVENTI FIGVRE MOSTRANO DIVERSI MODI DI FERIR DI DENTRO Sempre prosupponendo il stringere di fuora & il cavar del tuo Aversario per ferire.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|85|lbl=68}}
<br/>Le seguenti figure mostrano diversi modi di ferire di dentro, prosupponendo sempre lo stringere di fuora dal tuo lato e da quel del tuo Aversario il cavar per ferirti: cavando D. come di sopra, C. lo ferirà di quarta di piè fermo o d’accrescimento di passo nella gola e nella faccia. Ma se D. fosse stata persona intelligente, quando cavò avrebbe cavato col batter di filo la spada nimica, dando una punta per faccia o vero un rivercio per il braccio alla figura segnata C. ritirandosi in terza di passo ordinario.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| [[File:Capo Ferro 15.png|400x400px|center]]
+
| [[File:Capo Ferro 14.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| '''Figure that wounds under the sword of the enemy in contra tempo without parrying, only with a lowering of the body as demonstrated in the picture.'''
 
| '''Figure that wounds under the sword of the enemy in contra tempo without parrying, only with a lowering of the body as demonstrated in the picture.'''
 
D having gained the sword of C on the inside, the same C disengages to give a stoccata to the face of D. D lowers the body and steps forward with the right leg at the same time wounding in contra tempo without parrying, in second, below the enemy's sword as in the picture. And he would be more able to succeed in the said thrust if he would have done it differently, that is when C disengages to give a stoccata to the face of D, D would parry in third with the point high and in the same tempo lowering the point and turning the sword to second he could attack to the chest with a passing step while grabbing the sword hand. But if C was a practiced person he would have thrown the right foot to the rear and in his approach he would confront the enemy's sword on the outside and in the same tempo lower the point and turn the hand to second to attack with a scannatura below the enemy's sword. Or in his drawing back, he could parry with the left hand from above to below his arm and wound D in a high second to the chest or to the face.
 
D having gained the sword of C on the inside, the same C disengages to give a stoccata to the face of D. D lowers the body and steps forward with the right leg at the same time wounding in contra tempo without parrying, in second, below the enemy's sword as in the picture. And he would be more able to succeed in the said thrust if he would have done it differently, that is when C disengages to give a stoccata to the face of D, D would parry in third with the point high and in the same tempo lowering the point and turning the sword to second he could attack to the chest with a passing step while grabbing the sword hand. But if C was a practiced person he would have thrown the right foot to the rear and in his approach he would confront the enemy's sword on the outside and in the same tempo lower the point and turn the hand to second to attack with a scannatura below the enemy's sword. Or in his drawing back, he could parry with the left hand from above to below his arm and wound D in a high second to the chest or to the face.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE SOTTO LA SPADA NIMICA DI CONTRATEMPO SENZA PARARE SOLO CON L’ABASSAR LA VITA Come mostra la figura.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|83|lbl=66}}
Havendo la figura segnata D. guadagnato la spada di dentro alla figura C. & l’istessa figura C. cavando per dare una stoccata nella faccia alla figura D., D., abassando la vita e crescendo la gamba dritta in un medesimo tempo, lo ferisce senza parare di contratempo di seconda sotto la spada nimica, come mostra la figura. Et di più potrebbe succedere che la detta punta si facesse altrimente, cioè che cavando C. per dare una stoccata nella faccia alla figura D., D. parasse di terza con la punta alta e nel medesimo tempo abassando la punta & voltando la spada in seconda lo potrebbe ferire di passata nel petto, con dare ancor di piglio alla mano della spada. Ma se C. fosse persona pratica potrebbe solo col ritirare il piè destro indietro & nel suo venire affrontando la spada nimica per di fuora e nell’istesso tempo calando la punta e voltando la mano in seconda lo ferirebbe di scannatura sotto la spada nimica, o vero nel suo ritirare parerà con la man manca di su in giù sotto il suo braccio e ferirà D. di seconda alta nel petto, o vero nella faccia.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,163: Line 1,116:
 
| '''Double mode of gaining the enemy's sword on the inside and the outside.'''
 
| '''Double mode of gaining the enemy's sword on the inside and the outside.'''
 
Knowing through experience how useful it is to know how to gain the enemy's sword, I have not wanted to fail to say the manner which one must adopt, going to stringer and gain the same. First, in wanting to go to stringer the adversary's sword, on the inside as on the outside, according to the occasion, one must stringer the same at a distance of about one palmo from the point. If it occurs that one has to stringer on the inside, the point of the sword will look to the right shoulder of the enemy; and if to the outside it will look to the left shoulder. Having done so, one will go walking towards the sword of the enemy; if it occurs that he disengages, in that instant one will counterdisengage with a return of the sword to its place, or with the same counterdisengage one will wound him in the tempo of his disengage. Moreover, if it occurs that the adversary comes to stringer the sword, on the inside or the outside, which is found lying level in the straight line with the arm extended, in that instant one will disengage and stringer, walking forward. And if it occurs that you must disengage in order to stringer on the inside, you will, in this disengage, carry your right foot forward, bending your body toward your right side, carrying your left hand near to your right, and passing then with your left foot, you will strike him with a thrust in the breast in fourth; and having to disengage in order to stringer on the outside, one will in a similar manner carry the right foot forward with a bending of the body to your left side, and passing with the left foot, wound in second to the chest. Moreover, be aware that the following figures demonstrate stringering the sword on the outside in third; however you must follow the rule of gaining the sword of the adversary as stated above.
 
Knowing through experience how useful it is to know how to gain the enemy's sword, I have not wanted to fail to say the manner which one must adopt, going to stringer and gain the same. First, in wanting to go to stringer the adversary's sword, on the inside as on the outside, according to the occasion, one must stringer the same at a distance of about one palmo from the point. If it occurs that one has to stringer on the inside, the point of the sword will look to the right shoulder of the enemy; and if to the outside it will look to the left shoulder. Having done so, one will go walking towards the sword of the enemy; if it occurs that he disengages, in that instant one will counterdisengage with a return of the sword to its place, or with the same counterdisengage one will wound him in the tempo of his disengage. Moreover, if it occurs that the adversary comes to stringer the sword, on the inside or the outside, which is found lying level in the straight line with the arm extended, in that instant one will disengage and stringer, walking forward. And if it occurs that you must disengage in order to stringer on the inside, you will, in this disengage, carry your right foot forward, bending your body toward your right side, carrying your left hand near to your right, and passing then with your left foot, you will strike him with a thrust in the breast in fourth; and having to disengage in order to stringer on the outside, one will in a similar manner carry the right foot forward with a bending of the body to your left side, and passing with the left foot, wound in second to the chest. Moreover, be aware that the following figures demonstrate stringering the sword on the outside in third; however you must follow the rule of gaining the sword of the adversary as stated above.
| '''DOPPIO MODO DI GVADAGNAR LA SPADA DELL’AVERSARIO, DI DENTRO E DI FUORA.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|87|lbl=70}}
Cognoscendo quanto sia utile per esperienza il saper guadagnare la spada dell’inimico, non ho voluto tralasciare di dire il modo il quale si deve tenere in andare a stringere & guadagnar la medesima; & prima, volendo andare a stringere di dentro, come di fuora, secondo l’occasione, la spada dell’Aversario, si doverà prima stringer la medesima di lontano, circa la punta un palmo, quale se accorrerà che s’habbia a stringere di dentro si farà che la punta della spada guardi la spalla destra dell’Aversario e se di fuora che guardi la sua spalla sinistra; il che fatto si anderà caminando verso la spada dell’Aversario, il quale occorrendo che cavasse in quello istante si contracaverà con il tornare la spada al suo luogo, o vero con la medesima contracavatione si ferirà di tempo nel suo cavare. Di più se occorresse che l’Aversario venisse per stringere la spada, sì di dentro come di fuora, la quale si ritrova in piano, in linea retta con il braccio disteso, in quell’istante si caverà & stringerà caminando innanzi; & occorrendo di havere a cavare per stringere di dentro, si porterà nella cavatione il piè destro innanzi, piegando il corpo verso le tue parti destre, con il portare la mano sinistra vicino alla destra & passando poi con il piede sinistro si ferirà di quarta di punta nel petto; & dovendosi cavare per stringere di fuora si porterà similmente il piè destro innanzi, con la piegatura del corpo verso le tue parti sinistre & passando con il piede sinistro si ferirà di seconda nel petto. Avertendo di più che le seguenti figure mostrano di stringere di fuora la spada con la terza, però terrai l’ordine nel guadagnar la spada all’Aversario, come di sopra si è detto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,170: Line 1,122:
 
| '''Figure that strikes near the ear with a void of the right foot.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes near the ear with a void of the right foot.'''
 
The figure noted as C being narrow on the outside of figure noted B and this figure disengaging to attack in 4th the figure called C, the same figure noted as C attacks with a void of the right foot in a traverse to the outside of his sword and attacks into the face near the ear. I will never fail to say that if B had been an experienced person he would have disengaged the sword in order to feint, and with the body held back rather a little to the rear, and C coming confidently toward B in order to strike B with the void of the crossed right foot, B, meeting his enemy's sword on the outside, lowering his point in second and passing with the left leg in the same tempo, would wound him in the flank, seizing his sword hand.
 
The figure noted as C being narrow on the outside of figure noted B and this figure disengaging to attack in 4th the figure called C, the same figure noted as C attacks with a void of the right foot in a traverse to the outside of his sword and attacks into the face near the ear. I will never fail to say that if B had been an experienced person he would have disengaged the sword in order to feint, and with the body held back rather a little to the rear, and C coming confidently toward B in order to strike B with the void of the crossed right foot, B, meeting his enemy's sword on the outside, lowering his point in second and passing with the left leg in the same tempo, would wound him in the flank, seizing his sword hand.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE CON IL SCANSO DEL PIE’ DRITTO VICINO ALL’ORECHIA.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|89|lbl=72}}
Havendo la figura segnata C. stretto di fuora la figura segnata B. & essa figura cavando per ferire di quarta la figura segnata C., l’istessa figura notata C. la ferisce con lo scanso del piè dritto traversato di fuora dalla spada sua nella faccia vicino all’orecchia. Tuttavia non mancherò di dire che se B. fusse stato persona pratica, haverebbe cavato la spada per finta, con la vita ritenuta alquanto indietro e venendo C. sicuramente per ferire con lo scanso del piè dritto traversato alla figura B., B., afrontando la spada nimica per di fuora, calando la punta in seconda e passando con la gamba manca in un medesimo tempo, lo ferirebbe nel fianco, dando di piglio alla mano della spada.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,177: Line 1,128:
 
| '''Figure that wounds to the throat in fourth on a pass with the left foot.'''
 
| '''Figure that wounds to the throat in fourth on a pass with the left foot.'''
 
The figure designated as C being narrow to the outside of the sword of the figure B, and the same figure B disengaging to give a stoccata to the face of C, C wounds him during the disengage in the throat or the face in fourth on a pass as the picture shows. But if B had been an experienced person he would have disengaged his sword to feint, with his body held back somewhat to the rear, and C coming securely to pass forward in fourth, B turning then with a void of his body, passing with his left leg behind his right, would wound him in the chest.
 
The figure designated as C being narrow to the outside of the sword of the figure B, and the same figure B disengaging to give a stoccata to the face of C, C wounds him during the disengage in the throat or the face in fourth on a pass as the picture shows. But if B had been an experienced person he would have disengaged his sword to feint, with his body held back somewhat to the rear, and C coming securely to pass forward in fourth, B turning then with a void of his body, passing with his left leg behind his right, would wound him in the chest.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI QVARTA NELLA GOLA COL PIE’ MANCO DI PASSATA.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|91|lbl=74}}
Havendo la figura segnata C. stretto di fuora la spada alla figura B. & l’istessa figura B. cavando per dare una stoccata nella faccia alla figura C., C. la ferisce nel cavar di quarta di passata nella gola o nella faccia, come mostra la figura; ma se B. fosse stata persona pratica, haverebbe cavato la spada per finta con la vita ritenuta alquanto indietro, & venendo C. sicuramente per passare con la quarta, B. inquartando con lo scanso della vita, passando con la gamba sinistra di dietro alla destra, lo ferirebbe nel petto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,184: Line 1,134:
 
| '''Figure that wounds in fourth with a void of the body carrying the left leg crossed behind the right.'''
 
| '''Figure that wounds in fourth with a void of the body carrying the left leg crossed behind the right.'''
 
<br/>Figure D having gained the sword against figure C on the outside, and D disengaging to give a thrust to the face of C, C wounds in fourth with a void of the body by stepping with the left leg crossing behind the right as the figure demonstrates. If D had been an experienced person he would have disengaged to gain the sword on the inside of C with a bending of the body toward his right side, and having gained it, would have passed forward immediately with the left foot, giving him a thrust in fourth to the chest, or he would have disengaged with a mezzo mandritto, beating the enemy's sword, giving C a riverso to the face, returning to third and thus he would have been secure.
 
<br/>Figure D having gained the sword against figure C on the outside, and D disengaging to give a thrust to the face of C, C wounds in fourth with a void of the body by stepping with the left leg crossing behind the right as the figure demonstrates. If D had been an experienced person he would have disengaged to gain the sword on the inside of C with a bending of the body toward his right side, and having gained it, would have passed forward immediately with the left foot, giving him a thrust in fourth to the chest, or he would have disengaged with a mezzo mandritto, beating the enemy's sword, giving C a riverso to the face, returning to third and thus he would have been secure.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI QVARTA CON LO SCANSO DELLA VITA, PORTANDO LA GAMBA MANCA INCROCIATA Per di dietro alla destra.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|93|lbl=76}}
Essendo stata guadagnata la spada di fuora alla figura D. dalla figura C. & cavando D. per dare una punta nella faccia alla figura C., C. la ferisce di quarta con lo scanso della vita, passando con la gamba manca per di dietro alla destra, incrociando, come dimostra la figura. Ma se D. fusse stata persona pratica haverebbe cavato per guadagnar la spada di dentro alla figura C., con la piegatura del corpo verso le sue parti destre, & havendola guadagnata, in un subito passarebbe di piè sinistro innanzi, dandoli una punta di quarta nel petto, o vero haverebbe cavato con un mezzo mandritto battendo la spada nimica, dando a C. un riverso per faccia, ritirandosi in terza & così sarebbe stato sicuro.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,191: Line 1,140:
 
| '''Figure that strikes the face in second on a passata while seizing the sword arm of the enemy with the left hand.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes the face in second on a passata while seizing the sword arm of the enemy with the left hand.'''
 
By clarification of the following figures, C, having his adversary, that is, the figure D, narrow to the outside, and the same D disengaging to give a stoccata to C, the same C parries the enemy’s sword in fourth with a beat of the right foot, and all in one tempo, passing and turning the body, he will strike him in second in the face, although this can also be done without passing, striking him in fourth in dui tempi. But if D had been a person practiced at swordplay, when C disengaged to parry in fourth with a beating of his right foot, D would have counter-disengaged his sword to the outside and would have struck him in the face in second, retiring to the rear into third, following the enemy’s sword with his sword in said retiring, and thus would C be wounded.
 
By clarification of the following figures, C, having his adversary, that is, the figure D, narrow to the outside, and the same D disengaging to give a stoccata to C, the same C parries the enemy’s sword in fourth with a beat of the right foot, and all in one tempo, passing and turning the body, he will strike him in second in the face, although this can also be done without passing, striking him in fourth in dui tempi. But if D had been a person practiced at swordplay, when C disengaged to parry in fourth with a beating of his right foot, D would have counter-disengaged his sword to the outside and would have struck him in the face in second, retiring to the rear into third, following the enemy’s sword with his sword in said retiring, and thus would C be wounded.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI SECONDA DI PASSATA NELLA FACCIA, DANDO DI PIGLIO CON LA MAN MANCA AL BRACCIO DELLA SPADA NIMICA.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|95|lbl=78}}
Per dichiaratione delle seguenti figure, havendo stretto di fuora C. l’aversario, che è la figura D., & l’istessa figura D. cavando per dare una stoccata alla figura C., l’istessa figura C. para di quarta con la battuta del piè dritto la spada nimica e tutto in un tempo, passando e voltando ben la vita, lo ferirà di seconda nella faccia, ben che questo si possa ancor fare senza passare, ferendolo di quarta pur di doi tempi. Ma se D. fosse stata persona pratica nel giocar di spada, quando C. cavò per parare di quarta con la battuta del piè dritto alla figura D. D. havesse contracavato la sua spada per di fuora, lo ferirebbe di seconda nella faccia, ritirandosi indietro in terza, seguitando in tal ritirare con la sua spada la spada nimica & così sarebbe restato ferito C.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,198: Line 1,146:
 
| '''Figures of the sword and dagger which demonstrate the manner of stringering the adversary's sword finding oneself in a high prima on the inside,'''
 
| '''Figures of the sword and dagger which demonstrate the manner of stringering the adversary's sword finding oneself in a high prima on the inside,'''
 
<br/>noting that if the point of the enemy's sword is aimed at your right shoulder then it must be found on the outside; and you will adopt the same manner in gaining the low guards. The following figures demonstrate the play of sword and dagger, and principally is taught the manner of stringering the sword of the adversary, finding oneself in a high prima, noting that it is not possible in a figure to demonstrate all of the manners of stringering on the outside and on the inside, from low and from high, deferring the description to the reader of such, noting only that if the point of the enemy's sword is aimed towards your right side you will find him on the outside, and moreover that if it occurs to you to stringer the low guards, one stringers with the sword in the sloping line, with the third as with the fourth.
 
<br/>noting that if the point of the enemy's sword is aimed at your right shoulder then it must be found on the outside; and you will adopt the same manner in gaining the low guards. The following figures demonstrate the play of sword and dagger, and principally is taught the manner of stringering the sword of the adversary, finding oneself in a high prima, noting that it is not possible in a figure to demonstrate all of the manners of stringering on the outside and on the inside, from low and from high, deferring the description to the reader of such, noting only that if the point of the enemy's sword is aimed towards your right side you will find him on the outside, and moreover that if it occurs to you to stringer the low guards, one stringers with the sword in the sloping line, with the third as with the fourth.
| '''FIGVRE DI SPADA E PVGNALE LE QVALI VI MOSTRANO IL MODO DI STRINGERE LA SPADA DELL’AVERSARIO, RITROVANDOSI IN PRIMA ALTA DI DENTRO'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|97|lbl=80}}
Avertendovi che se la punta della spada nimica riguardasse verso la tua spalla destra, la deve trovar di fuora, & il medesimo modo terrai in guadagnar le guardie basse. Le seguenti figure mostrano il gioco di spada e pugnale e principalmente s’insegna il modo di stringere la spada dell’aversario, trovandosi in prima alta, avertendo che in una figura non si possano mostrare tutti i modi distringere di fuora & di dentro, da basso e d’alto, rimettendosi in ciò alla descritione del Lettore; avertendo solo che se la punta della spada nimica riguardasse verso le tue parti destre lo troverai di fuora & di più che occorrendoti a stringer le guardie basse si stringerà con la spada in linea pendiculare, sì con la terza come con la quarta.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,205: Line 1,152:
 
| '''Figures that demonstrate how with a single parry with the dagger it is possible to wound in three places with the point, that is in the face, to the chest, and to the thigh.'''
 
| '''Figures that demonstrate how with a single parry with the dagger it is possible to wound in three places with the point, that is in the face, to the chest, and to the thigh.'''
 
These following figures demonstrate an artful manner of wounding in three diverse ways with the thrust and with a single parry of the dagger, which are done thus: you being in fourth, having the adversary narrow on the inside in whatsoever guard apt for stringering on the inside, he can disengage to give you a thrust in two ways: to the face or chest. However, he having disengaged to attack you, you will parry his sword to the inside with your dagger over your right arm, and in the first occasion you will be able to attack him high or low, that is, to the face, or under the arm to the chest or in the thigh; and in the second only to the face or thigh.
 
These following figures demonstrate an artful manner of wounding in three diverse ways with the thrust and with a single parry of the dagger, which are done thus: you being in fourth, having the adversary narrow on the inside in whatsoever guard apt for stringering on the inside, he can disengage to give you a thrust in two ways: to the face or chest. However, he having disengaged to attack you, you will parry his sword to the inside with your dagger over your right arm, and in the first occasion you will be able to attack him high or low, that is, to the face, or under the arm to the chest or in the thigh; and in the second only to the face or thigh.
| '''FIGVRE CHE MOSTRANO COME CON VNA SOL PARATA DI PVGNALE SI POSSA FERIRE IN TRE LVOGHI Di punta, cioè nella faccia e nel petto & nella coscia.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|99|lbl=82}}
Queste seguenti figure vi mostrano un’artificiosa maniera di ferire in tre diversi modi, di punta, con una sol parata di pugnale, le quali si fanno così, che havendo stretto l’aversario di quarta di dentro in qualsivoglia guardia atta a stringere di dentro, potrà cavare per darti in duo modi nella faccia e nel petto, però havendo cavato per ferirti, pararai di dentro con il tuo pugnale la sua spada sopra il tuo braccio dritto e nella prima occasione lo potrai ferire alto o basso, cioè nella faccia o sotto il braccio nel petto o nella coscia, e nella seconda solamente nella faccia e nella coscia.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,212: Line 1,158:
 
| '''A figure that wounds in second to the chest between the weapons by a pretense, disengaging over the dagger, and also in the same manner could have wounded in fourth.'''
 
| '''A figure that wounds in second to the chest between the weapons by a pretense, disengaging over the dagger, and also in the same manner could have wounded in fourth.'''
 
The adversary lying in a low third with the arm withdrawn, and with the dagger forward and united with the sword, you will place yourself opposite him in a high third, making a feint in a high fourth or a similar third outside of the dagger to the face, and while he raises his dagger to parry and attack you in fourth, you will disengage over his dagger and in the same tempo parrying to the inside you will wound him in second to the chest.
 
The adversary lying in a low third with the arm withdrawn, and with the dagger forward and united with the sword, you will place yourself opposite him in a high third, making a feint in a high fourth or a similar third outside of the dagger to the face, and while he raises his dagger to parry and attack you in fourth, you will disengage over his dagger and in the same tempo parrying to the inside you will wound him in second to the chest.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI SECONDA DI FINZIONE NEL PETTO TRA L’ARME, CAVANDO PER DI SOPRA IL Pugnale, & ancora potrebbe nella medesima maniera ferire di quarta.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|101|lbl=84}}
Trovandosi l’aversario in terza bassa con il braccio ritirato e con il pugnale innanzi, unito con la spada, tu ti porrai incontro in terza alta, facendoli la finta in quarta alta o nella terza medesima di fuora dal pugnale verso la faccia e mentre egli alza il pugnale per parare e ferirti di quarta, caverai sopra il suo pugnale e, nel medesimo tempo parando di dentro, lo ferirai di seconda nel petto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,219: Line 1,164:
 
| '''A figure that strikes above the right arm to the chest and makes the sword fall with the schiodatura (unfastening) of the sword and the dagger.'''
 
| '''A figure that strikes above the right arm to the chest and makes the sword fall with the schiodatura (unfastening) of the sword and the dagger.'''
 
With this figure you will easily comprehend and learn the manner of casting down the sword from the hand and giving as well in the same tempo a thrust to the chest. That is to say finding yourself in third with the arm withdrawn and uniting the dagger with the sword, the adversary being in the same guard, or in fourth, you will commence to stringer his sword on the inside in fourth and you will lower your dagger to the middle of your right arm in an oblique line; and your adversary disengaging in fourth to thrust you in the chest you will wound him to the outside with a punta riversa to the body, raising the hilt of your sword somewhat and in the same tempo parrying down with the flat of your dagger to the outside you will cause him to abandon his weapon through force.
 
With this figure you will easily comprehend and learn the manner of casting down the sword from the hand and giving as well in the same tempo a thrust to the chest. That is to say finding yourself in third with the arm withdrawn and uniting the dagger with the sword, the adversary being in the same guard, or in fourth, you will commence to stringer his sword on the inside in fourth and you will lower your dagger to the middle of your right arm in an oblique line; and your adversary disengaging in fourth to thrust you in the chest you will wound him to the outside with a punta riversa to the body, raising the hilt of your sword somewhat and in the same tempo parrying down with the flat of your dagger to the outside you will cause him to abandon his weapon through force.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE SOPRA IL BRACCIO DESTRO NEL PETTO ET LI FA CADER LA SPADA Con la schiodatura della spada e del pugnale.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|103|lbl=86}}
Da queste figure facilmente potrai comprendere & imparare il modo di gittare la spada di mano, con darli anco nell’istesso tempo una punta nel petto, cioè ritrovandoti in terza con il braccio ritirato & unito il pugnale con la spada, stando l’aversario nella guardia istessa o nella quarta incomincerai a stringer di dentro la sua spada di quarta e lascerai calare il tuo pugnale nel mezzo del braccio dritto in linea obliqua e cavando l’aversario per ferirti nel petto di quarta, tu con la punta riversa lo ferirai per di fuora nella vita, alzando alquanto il finimento della tua spada e nell’istesso tempo, parando con il piano del tuo pugnale di fuora all’ingiù, lo condurrai abbandonare l’arme per forza.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,226: Line 1,170:
 
| '''A figure that parries with the dagger high to the inside and wounds with a roverso to the thigh, and in fourth to the chest as demonstrated in the picture.'''
 
| '''A figure that parries with the dagger high to the inside and wounds with a roverso to the thigh, and in fourth to the chest as demonstrated in the picture.'''
 
Finding yourself in fourth with the dagger high and your adversary in whatsoever guard apt for stringering on the inside, with the right leg forward, you will commence to stringer him on the inside in fourth, and he disengaging to wound you in fourth to the face, you will parry to the inside with the dagger above your right arm, and you will be able to wound him either with a riverso to the thigh or with a quarta below the arm.
 
Finding yourself in fourth with the dagger high and your adversary in whatsoever guard apt for stringering on the inside, with the right leg forward, you will commence to stringer him on the inside in fourth, and he disengaging to wound you in fourth to the face, you will parry to the inside with the dagger above your right arm, and you will be able to wound him either with a riverso to the thigh or with a quarta below the arm.
| '''FIGVRA CHE PARA DI PVGNALE ALTO DI DENTRO ET FERISCE DI RIVERSO NELLA Coscia et di quarta nel petto come dimostrano le figure.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|105|lbl=88}}
Ritrovandoti in quarta con il pugnale alto, stando il tuo aversario in qual si voglia guardia atta a stringer di dentro, pur con la gamba dritta innanzi, incomincerai a stringerlo di dentro in quarta e cavando egli per ferirti di quarta in faccia, tu parando di dentro con il tuo pugnale sopra il tuo braccio dritto lo potrai ferire o d’un riverso nella coscia o veramente d’una quarta sotto il braccio.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,233: Line 1,176:
 
| '''A figure that parries with the sword in fourth accompanied with the dagger and wounding in fourth to the face or with a riverso to the arm as shown in the picture.'''
 
| '''A figure that parries with the sword in fourth accompanied with the dagger and wounding in fourth to the face or with a riverso to the arm as shown in the picture.'''
 
If it so happens that you find yourself in an extended third with the dagger at your wrist and your adversary in whatever guard he wants apt for stringering on the outside, you will commence to stringer him in the same third, now high, now low, and according to the occasion without moving the dagger from its place, and your adversary disengaging to wound you in fourth or second, parrying in fourth with the sword accompanied with the dagger you will be able to wound him, as you can see, either by a riverso to the arm or a quarta to the face.
 
If it so happens that you find yourself in an extended third with the dagger at your wrist and your adversary in whatever guard he wants apt for stringering on the outside, you will commence to stringer him in the same third, now high, now low, and according to the occasion without moving the dagger from its place, and your adversary disengaging to wound you in fourth or second, parrying in fourth with the sword accompanied with the dagger you will be able to wound him, as you can see, either by a riverso to the arm or a quarta to the face.
| '''FIGVRA CHE PARA CON LA SPADA DI QVARTA ACCOMPAGNATA COL PVGNALE ET LO FERISCE DI QUARTA Nella faccia o d’un riverso nel braccio, come mostra la figura.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|107|lbl=90}}
Se per avventura tu ti trovassi in terza distesa con il pugnale al polso della mano, stando l’aversario in qual si voglia guardia atta a stringere di fuora, incomincerai a stringerlo con la terza medesima, hor alta, hor bassa, secondo l’occasione, senza muover però il pugnale dal suo luogo, e cavando l’aversario per ferirti di quarta o di seconda, parando in quarta con la spada accompagnata dal pugnale, lo potrai ferire come vedi, o di riverso nel braccio o d’una quarta nella faccia.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,240: Line 1,182:
 
| '''A figure that makes a feint above the dagger, and the enemy, raising to parry the same, strikes him in the chest, disengaging the sword under in fourth.'''
 
| '''A figure that makes a feint above the dagger, and the enemy, raising to parry the same, strikes him in the chest, disengaging the sword under in fourth.'''
 
<br/>Finding yourself in an extended third with the dagger at the wrist and the adversary in a low fourth with the sword withdrawn and his dagger high and extended, you will commence to make a feint above his dagger in third. Maintaining your dagger in its place, he parrying up with his dagger, wanting to strike you in the same tempo in fourth or second, you will disengage under, and parrying his attack therewith you will wound him in fourth in the chest.
 
<br/>Finding yourself in an extended third with the dagger at the wrist and the adversary in a low fourth with the sword withdrawn and his dagger high and extended, you will commence to make a feint above his dagger in third. Maintaining your dagger in its place, he parrying up with his dagger, wanting to strike you in the same tempo in fourth or second, you will disengage under, and parrying his attack therewith you will wound him in fourth in the chest.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FA LA FINTA SOPRA IL PVGNALE ET ALZANDO L’AVERSARIO PER PARARE LA MEDESIMA, lo ferisce cavando la spada per di sotto di quarta nel petto.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|109|lbl=92}}
Trovandoti in terza distesa con il pugnale al polso della mano, stando l’aversario con la quarta bassa, con la spada ritirata e con il pugnale alto disteso, incomincerai a fare la finta sopra il suo pugnale pur di terza, riserbando il pugnale nel suo luogo, parando egli in su con il pugnale, volendoti ferire nell’istesso tempo di quarta o di seconda, cavarai di sotto e parando insieme la sua botta lo ferirai di una quarta nel petto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,247: Line 1,188:
 
| '''Figure that parries under his right arm with the dagger, and strikes in second into the face or with a stramazzone riverso in the sword arm.'''
 
| '''Figure that parries under his right arm with the dagger, and strikes in second into the face or with a stramazzone riverso in the sword arm.'''
 
<br/>Lying in a low or high third, with your dagger at your wrist, your adversary being in whatsoever guard accommodated to stringer on the outside you will begin to stringer on the outside in high or low third, according to the occasion, elevating your dagger, and he wanting to disengage through to the inside, and throw from fourth or second, you parrying down with the dagger under your sword arm, will throw at him a stramazzone to his arm or you will strike him in second in the face, as is shown:
 
<br/>Lying in a low or high third, with your dagger at your wrist, your adversary being in whatsoever guard accommodated to stringer on the outside you will begin to stringer on the outside in high or low third, according to the occasion, elevating your dagger, and he wanting to disengage through to the inside, and throw from fourth or second, you parrying down with the dagger under your sword arm, will throw at him a stramazzone to his arm or you will strike him in second in the face, as is shown:
| '''FIGVRA CHE PARA COL PVGNALE SOTTO IL SUO BRACCIO DESTRO ET FERISCE DI SECONDA NELLA FACCIA, Sì anco di uno stramazzone riverso nel braccio della spada.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|111|lbl=94}}
Ritrovandosi in terza bassa o alta, con il pugnale al polso della mano, stando l’aversario in qual si voglia guardia accomodata a stringer di fuora, incomincerai a stringer di fuora di terza alta o bassa, secondo l’occasione alzando il pugnale, e volendo egli cavare per di dentro & tirar di quarta o di seconda, tu, parando con il pugnale in giù sotto il braccio della tua spada, li tirerai un stramazzone per il braccio, o vero lo ferirai di seconda nella faccia, come si dimostra.
 
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Capo Ferro 29.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[File:Capo Ferro 29.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| '''Figure that strikes over the dagger in second into the left shoulder while the adversary seeks to gain the sword against him from the outside.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes over the dagger in second into the left shoulder while the adversary seeks to gain the sword against him from the outside.'''
 
If you lie in extended third with your dagger in an oblique line over the beginning of the forte of your sword, your adversary being in the same guard, he coming to stringer on the outside also in third, you will disengage and beat his sword with yours in fourth all in one tempo, and immediately parrying his already pressed sword with your dagger, you will strike him at the same time over his dagger in the left shoulder.
 
If you lie in extended third with your dagger in an oblique line over the beginning of the forte of your sword, your adversary being in the same guard, he coming to stringer on the outside also in third, you will disengage and beat his sword with yours in fourth all in one tempo, and immediately parrying his already pressed sword with your dagger, you will strike him at the same time over his dagger in the left shoulder.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE SOPRA IL PVGNALE DI SECONDA NELLA SPALLA SINISTRA, MENTRE CHE L’aversario cerca di guadagnarli la spada di fuora.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|113|lbl=96}}
Se tu ti trovasse in terza distesa con il pugnale in linea obliqua, sopra il cominciamento del forte della tua spada, stando l’aversario nella guardia istessa, venendo egli a stringere di fuora pur di terza, cavarai e batterai di quarta con la tua spada tutt’a un tempo la sua, e parando subito con il pugnale la spada già calcata lo ferirai nell’istesso tempo di sopra al suo pugnale nella spalla sinistra.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,261: Line 1,199:
 
| '''Figure that strikes in second over the dagger into the left shoulder from a feint, parrying with his dagger from above to below under his right arm.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes in second over the dagger into the left shoulder from a feint, parrying with his dagger from above to below under his right arm.'''
 
<br/>You being in third or fourth with your arm back, with your dagger at your wrist, your adversary being in fourth with his sword back and dagger high and extended, you will make a feint at him from under his dagger, elevating yours, and parrying him down with your dagger toward his left side you will disengage in the same tempo over his dagger, parrying the enemy’s sword to the inside under your right arm, and you will strike him in second over his dagger.
 
<br/>You being in third or fourth with your arm back, with your dagger at your wrist, your adversary being in fourth with his sword back and dagger high and extended, you will make a feint at him from under his dagger, elevating yours, and parrying him down with your dagger toward his left side you will disengage in the same tempo over his dagger, parrying the enemy’s sword to the inside under your right arm, and you will strike him in second over his dagger.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI SECONDA SOPRA IL PVGNALE DI FINTIONE NELLA SPALLA SINISTRA Parando egli con il suo pugnale di su in giù, sotto il suo braccio destro.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|115|lbl=98}}
Essendo tu in terza o in quarta con il braccio ritirato, con il pugnale al polso della mano, stando l’aversario in quarta con la spada ritirata & il pugnale alto disteso gli farai la finta di sotto al suo pugnale, alzando il tuo e parando egli con il pugnale in giù verso le sue parti sinistre, caverai nell’istesso tempo sopra il suo pugnale: parando in dentro la spada nimica di sotto al tuo braccio dritto, lo ferirai di seconda sopra il suo pugnale.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,268: Line 1,205:
 
| '''Figure that strikes on a passata with a thrust in falso from beneath, up between the weapons into the breast, parrying with his dagger over his right arm, stringering well the weapons together.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes on a passata with a thrust in falso from beneath, up between the weapons into the breast, parrying with his dagger over his right arm, stringering well the weapons together.'''
 
The adversary lying in third with both weapons extended in an oblique line, so that the point of his sword is aimed at your right shoulder and that of his dagger is aimed at your left, you will put yourself opposite him in third with the point of your sword low and with the dagger high, with your body bent as much as possible toward your left side; and he wanting to approach in order to stringer you, or for some other aim of his, you will pass with your left foot in the same tempo toward his right side, and parrying with your dagger toward the inside over your right arm you will extend to him a thrust in falso from beneath up between his weapons, or alternately with both weapons disengaging with the sword above you will press his sword striking him in third in the very same tempo.
 
The adversary lying in third with both weapons extended in an oblique line, so that the point of his sword is aimed at your right shoulder and that of his dagger is aimed at your left, you will put yourself opposite him in third with the point of your sword low and with the dagger high, with your body bent as much as possible toward your left side; and he wanting to approach in order to stringer you, or for some other aim of his, you will pass with your left foot in the same tempo toward his right side, and parrying with your dagger toward the inside over your right arm you will extend to him a thrust in falso from beneath up between his weapons, or alternately with both weapons disengaging with the sword above you will press his sword striking him in third in the very same tempo.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI PASSATA DI PVNTA IN FALSO DI SOTTO IN SV TRA L’ARME NEL PETTO, Parando col suo pugnale sopra il suo braccio destro, stringendo ben l’arme insieme.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|117|lbl=100}}
Ritrovandosi l’aversario in terza con ambidue le armi distese in linea obliqua, sì che la punta della spada nimica guardi alla tua spalla dritta e quella del pugnale la sinistra, ti metterai all’incontro in terza con la punta della spada bassa e con il pugnale alto, piegato la vita quanto sia possibile verso le tue parti sinistre, e volendo egli avvicinarsi per stringerti o per altro suo disegno, passarai con il piè manco nell’istesso tempo verso le sue parti destre e, parando con il pugnale per di dentro sopra il tuo braccio dritto, li caccerai una punta in falso di sotto in su tra le sue armi, o vero con tutte due l’armi, cavando con la spada di sopra, li calcherai la spada, ferendolo di terza in un medesimo tempo.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,275: Line 1,211:
 
| '''Figure that strikes in fourth into the throat only with falsing the sword and lowering the dagger in order to parry while the adversary disengages from the sword and seeks to parry with the dagger.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes in fourth into the throat only with falsing the sword and lowering the dagger in order to parry while the adversary disengages from the sword and seeks to parry with the dagger.'''
 
The adversary lying in high third with his dagger crossed and joined at the beginning of the forte of his sword, somewhat oblique, you will stringer it in third on the outside, with the dagger high, and he disengaging under, assisting himself by parrying with his dagger in order to strike you in fourth, you will parry with your dagger from up to down, toward your left side, and in one tempo disengaging under his dagger, you will strike him in fourth in the face, or wherever it happens to be more convenient.
 
The adversary lying in high third with his dagger crossed and joined at the beginning of the forte of his sword, somewhat oblique, you will stringer it in third on the outside, with the dagger high, and he disengaging under, assisting himself by parrying with his dagger in order to strike you in fourth, you will parry with your dagger from up to down, toward your left side, and in one tempo disengaging under his dagger, you will strike him in fourth in the face, or wherever it happens to be more convenient.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI QVARTA NELLA GOLA SOLO CON AFALSAR LA SPADA ET ABASSAR IL PVGNALE Per parata, mentre l’aversario cava di spada & cerca col pugnale per parare.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|119|lbl=102}}
Trovandosi l’aversario in terza alta con il pugnale traversato & unito al cominciamento del suo forte della sua spada, alquanto obliqua, lo stringerai con la terza di fuora con il pugnale alto e, cavando egli di sotto, aiutandosi a parare con il pugnale di su in giù verso le tue parti manche, in un tempo cavando sotto al suo pugnale lo ferirai di quarta nella faccia o dove ti torna più comodo.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,282: Line 1,217:
 
| '''Figure that strikes in fourth under the dagger into the breast, carrying the right leg back and parrying highwith the dagger, while the adversary passes forward with his leg in order to strike in second over his dagger.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes in fourth under the dagger into the breast, carrying the right leg back and parrying highwith the dagger, while the adversary passes forward with his leg in order to strike in second over his dagger.'''
 
The adversary lying in low third, you will oppose him in high third with your dagger joined across over your forte, and he coming on a passata to strike you in second over your dagger, and parrying wide with his, only pulling back your right leg, he raising his dagger to parry, you will disengage under his, carrying your body well forward, as the figure shows, and you will strike him in fourth.
 
The adversary lying in low third, you will oppose him in high third with your dagger joined across over your forte, and he coming on a passata to strike you in second over your dagger, and parrying wide with his, only pulling back your right leg, he raising his dagger to parry, you will disengage under his, carrying your body well forward, as the figure shows, and you will strike him in fourth.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI QVARTA PER DI SOTTO IL PVGNALE NEL PETTO, PORTANDO INDIETRO La gamba dritta e parando con il pugnale alto, mentre che l’aversario passa con la sua gamba innanzi per ferire di seconda sopra il pugnale.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|121|lbl=104}}
Stando l’aversario in terza bassa, ti metterai incontro in terza alta con il pugnale unito, traversato sopra il tuo forte e venendo egli di passata a ferirti di seconda di sopra il tuo pugnale e parando largo con il suo, tu solo con ritirare la gamba dritta indietro, & alzando egli il suo pugnale per parare, caverai di sotto il suo, portando bene innanzi la vita, come mostra la figura, lo ferirai di quarta.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,289: Line 1,223:
 
| '''Figure that strikes in second over the dagger into the breast while the adversary passes with his left foot in order to strike, only with pulling back the right leg during his approach, and parrying with the dagger under his right arm.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes in second over the dagger into the breast while the adversary passes with his left foot in order to strike, only with pulling back the right leg during his approach, and parrying with the dagger under his right arm.'''
 
Although the adversary lies in fourth with his sword back and low, and with his dagger extended high and wide, you will oppose him in fourth with your arm extended and dagger high, and he moving on a passata to parry your sword down from high in order to strike you in second, pulling back your right leg, you will parry him down with your dagger toward your right side, and you will disengage your sword over his dagger, and will strike him in second.
 
Although the adversary lies in fourth with his sword back and low, and with his dagger extended high and wide, you will oppose him in fourth with your arm extended and dagger high, and he moving on a passata to parry your sword down from high in order to strike you in second, pulling back your right leg, you will parry him down with your dagger toward your right side, and you will disengage your sword over his dagger, and will strike him in second.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI SECONDA SOPRA IL PVGNALE NEL PETTO, MENTRE CHE L’AVERSARIO Passa col piè manco per ferire, solo con ritirare nel suo venire la gamba dritta indietro & parando col pugnale sotto il suo braccio destro.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|123|lbl=106}}
Ben che l’aversario si trovasse in quarta con la spada ritirata e bassa e con il pugnale disteso alto e largo, ti metterai incontra in quarta con il braccio disteso & il pugnal alto, e movendosi egli di passata a parar la tua spada di su in giù per ferirti di seconda, ritirando tu la gamba dritta a dietro pararai con il pugnale in giù verso le tue parti destre & caverai la tua spada sopra il suo pugnale: lo ferirai di seconda.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,296: Line 1,229:
 
| '''Figure that strikes with a thrust between the weapons into the chest disengaging it over the dagger while the adversary was being in wide guard, and lets the enemy arrive to measure.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes with a thrust between the weapons into the chest disengaging it over the dagger while the adversary was being in wide guard, and lets the enemy arrive to measure.'''
 
The adversary lying in fourth with his arm back, and with his dagger straight high and wide and with his arm extended, you will oppose him in extended third with your dagger crossed forward of your breast, and you will approach his dagger from the outside, he staying yet in his guard; once arrived, you will make the point of your sword even with his dagger, then you will disengage over in fourth, delivering to him a long stoccata into the breast.
 
The adversary lying in fourth with his arm back, and with his dagger straight high and wide and with his arm extended, you will oppose him in extended third with your dagger crossed forward of your breast, and you will approach his dagger from the outside, he staying yet in his guard; once arrived, you will make the point of your sword even with his dagger, then you will disengage over in fourth, delivering to him a long stoccata into the breast.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI VNA PVNTA TRA L’ARME NEL PETTO, CAVANDOLA PER DI SOPRA IL Pugnale mentre che l’aversario stava in guardia larga & lascia arrivare il nemico a misura.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|125|lbl=108}}
Ritrovandosi l’aversario in quarta con il braccio ritirato e il pugnale alto, dritto e largo e con il braccio disteso, te li farai incontro in terza distesa, con il pugnale traversato innanzi al petto & avvicinerai di fuora al suo pugnale, fermandosi egli pure nella sua guardia; & arrivato che sarai con la punta della tua spada pari al suo pugnale, caverai di quarta di sopra, portandoli una stoccata lunga nel petto.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,303: Line 1,235:
 
| '''Method of employing the sword and cape.'''
 
| '''Method of employing the sword and cape.'''
 
To the end that this matter of the cape be better understood, it will perhaps not be out of place to explain some terms that must be used therewith. I tell you therefore that having the cape thereabout, it will be allowed to fall down off the right shoulder, to as far as the middle of the left arm, and then wrapping the left hand through outside, enveloping the arm in the said cape, putting oneself with it into third, or in some other guard as you like. Then, when stepping, that order will be obtained as is held with the sword and dagger, in order to be an identical progress, except that in parrying there is a difference. In that then, the cape can be cut, and punctured, which cannot occur to the dagger. And finding yourself in third, as above, at the encounter with your adversary, and he throws a mandritto at your head, you at the same time will step forward with your left foot, parrying against the forte of the enemy’s sword with your cape, giving him a thrust in his breast; one can also parry the said previous blow with the sword in guardia di testa accompanied by the cape, gathering in that tempo your left foot near to your right, and immediately advance with the right, and turn a mandritto to his head or leg; but when he throws either a mandritto or riverso to your leg, you will draw back your right foot somewhat, and if it be a mandritto, then give him a riverso to his sword arm; and if it be a riverso, then give him a dritto just in the said arm; but the true parry will be to parry with the sword and then in the striking to go to accompany the sword with the cape, with bumping into the enemy’s sword, and thus one will strike safely. Moreover I say that the following figures show the manner that one must hold to reach the sword to the adversary, in sword and cape from the inside.
 
To the end that this matter of the cape be better understood, it will perhaps not be out of place to explain some terms that must be used therewith. I tell you therefore that having the cape thereabout, it will be allowed to fall down off the right shoulder, to as far as the middle of the left arm, and then wrapping the left hand through outside, enveloping the arm in the said cape, putting oneself with it into third, or in some other guard as you like. Then, when stepping, that order will be obtained as is held with the sword and dagger, in order to be an identical progress, except that in parrying there is a difference. In that then, the cape can be cut, and punctured, which cannot occur to the dagger. And finding yourself in third, as above, at the encounter with your adversary, and he throws a mandritto at your head, you at the same time will step forward with your left foot, parrying against the forte of the enemy’s sword with your cape, giving him a thrust in his breast; one can also parry the said previous blow with the sword in guardia di testa accompanied by the cape, gathering in that tempo your left foot near to your right, and immediately advance with the right, and turn a mandritto to his head or leg; but when he throws either a mandritto or riverso to your leg, you will draw back your right foot somewhat, and if it be a mandritto, then give him a riverso to his sword arm; and if it be a riverso, then give him a dritto just in the said arm; but the true parry will be to parry with the sword and then in the striking to go to accompany the sword with the cape, with bumping into the enemy’s sword, and thus one will strike safely. Moreover I say that the following figures show the manner that one must hold to reach the sword to the adversary, in sword and cape from the inside.
| '''MODO DI ADOPERAR LA SPADA E CAPPA'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|127|lbl=110}}
Afine che questa materia della cappa meglio s’intenda, non sarà forse fuor di proposito dichiarare alcuni termini che con essa usar si devono. Dicovi adunque che havendo la cappa a torno, si lascierà calare giù dalla spalla destra per infino al mezzo del sinistro braccio, & poi volgendo la man manca per di fuori, avviluppando sopra il braccio la detta cappa, ponendosi con essa in terza o in altra guardia, come vi piacerà. Quanto poi al passeggiare, si terrà quell’ordine che si tiene con la spada e pugnale, per essere un medesimo andamento, eccetto che nel parare per la differenza, poichè la cappa si puol tagliare e forare, il che non avviene al pugnale. Et ritrovandoti in terza, come di sopra, all’incontro al tuo aversario, & che egli ti tirasse di mandritto per testa, tu nell’istesso tempo passerai innanzi con il piè manco, parando con la cappa nel forte della spada nimica, spingendoli nel petto una punta; si può ancora parare il detto colpo di prima con la spada in guardia di testa accompagnata dalla cappa, raccogliendo in quel tempo il piè sinistro appresso il destro & subito andare col destro innanzi e volgere un mandritto per testa o per gamba; ma quando fosse tirato o mandritto o riverso per gamba, si tirerà alquanto indietro il piè destro & se sarà mandritto se li darà un riverso nel braccio della spada, & se sarà riverso se li darà un dritto pur nel detto braccio; ma il vero parare sarà parare con la spada e poi nel ferire andare accompagnare la spada con la cappa, con urtar la spada nimica, & così si ferirà sicuramente. Di più dico che le seguenti figure dimostrano il modo che si deve tenere a guadagnar la spada all’aversario, in spada e cappa, di dentro.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,310: Line 1,241:
 
| '''Figure that strikes from a counter-disengage from fourth into the face, parrying the enemy’s sword to the outside with the cape arm, as the adversary would disengage his sword in order to strike with a thrust.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes from a counter-disengage from fourth into the face, parrying the enemy’s sword to the outside with the cape arm, as the adversary would disengage his sword in order to strike with a thrust.'''
 
Your adversary being in fourth with his sword extended and high, you will give yourself to stringer it in fourth on the inside, with your cape arm under your forte; he wanting to disengage in order to strike you with a thrust in whatever manner he wills, parrying up with the cape, to the outside from your left side, and counterdisengaging from fourth, you will strike him in the face or wherever it will happen to be more convenient for you.
 
Your adversary being in fourth with his sword extended and high, you will give yourself to stringer it in fourth on the inside, with your cape arm under your forte; he wanting to disengage in order to strike you with a thrust in whatever manner he wills, parrying up with the cape, to the outside from your left side, and counterdisengaging from fourth, you will strike him in the face or wherever it will happen to be more convenient for you.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI CONTRACAVATIONE DI QVARTA NELLA FACCIA, PARANDO COL BRACCIO Della cappa la spada nimica in fuora, mentre che l’aversario cavò la sua spada per ferire di punta.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|129|lbl=112}}
<br/>Stando il tuo aversario in quarta con la spada distesa e alta, ti darai a stringerla di quarta di dentro con il braccio della cappa sotto il tuo forte: volendo egli cavare per ferirti di punta in qual si voglia modo, parando con la cappa in su, in fuora dalle tue parti sinistre, e contracavando di quarta, lo ferirai nella faccia o dove ti tornerà più comodo.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,317: Line 1,247:
 
| '''Figure that strikes with a strammazone riverso in the face of a left-hander and will also be able to strike in second into the breast, or alternately in fourth from the outside of the enemy’s sword during the disengage that his point makes in order to strike.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes with a strammazone riverso in the face of a left-hander and will also be able to strike in second into the breast, or alternately in fourth from the outside of the enemy’s sword during the disengage that his point makes in order to strike.'''
 
The adversary, who will be left handed, lying in fourth with his arm extended, you will begin to stringer his sword on the inside in third, with your dagger high, and he disengaging in order to strike you in second in the face, you will be able to strike him in three manners: first, only lowering your dagger and parrying his sword you will strike him with a strammazone riverso in the face; alternately, in second in the chest; taking note, nonetheless, that during his disengage it will be better to strike him in fourth with your sword alone on the outside.
 
The adversary, who will be left handed, lying in fourth with his arm extended, you will begin to stringer his sword on the inside in third, with your dagger high, and he disengaging in order to strike you in second in the face, you will be able to strike him in three manners: first, only lowering your dagger and parrying his sword you will strike him with a strammazone riverso in the face; alternately, in second in the chest; taking note, nonetheless, that during his disengage it will be better to strike him in fourth with your sword alone on the outside.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI STRAMAZZONE RIVERSO NELLA FACCIA AL MANCINO, ET LO POTRA’ Ancora ferire di seconda nel petto o vero di una quarta per di fuora della spada nimica, nel cavare che fa la punta per ferire.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|131|lbl=114}}
Ritrovandosi l’aversario, che sarà sinistro, in quarta con il braccio disteso, incomincerai a stringere di dentro con la terza, con il pugnale alto, la sua spada, & cavando egli per ferirti di seconda nella faccia, lo potrai ferire in tre maniere, prima abassando solo il pugnale e parando la sua spada lo ferirai di stramazzone riverso nella faccia, o vero di seconda nel petto, avvertendoti però che nel suo cavare sarebbe meglio ferirlo di quarta di spada sola di fuora.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,324: Line 1,253:
 
| '''Figure that parries [a blow to] the head with the point of the sword high and with the dagger crossed in the inside of his sword at the forte, so that the same will be able to strike in two manners, first with a thrust to the face, or alternately with a riverso to the leg.'''
 
| '''Figure that parries [a blow to] the head with the point of the sword high and with the dagger crossed in the inside of his sword at the forte, so that the same will be able to strike in two manners, first with a thrust to the face, or alternately with a riverso to the leg.'''
 
I would certainly have wronged myself, if this noble parry, or defense, I had not revealed to you, which defends, and saves such a noble part of the body; accordingly in this occasion I put forth to you the present figures, of whom one lies in first, and the other in fifth; and from fifth, only by raising his arm and turning his hand into fourth, advancing a step, he will have come to gain the sword on the inside against the adversary, and his enemy disengaging by turning under his enemy’s sword, he will have thrown a dritto fendente at the same, but the same only with turning his hand into second with the point high, putting the dagger to the rear on the forte of his sword, will be able to strike the adversary safely in two places, with a thrust in the face, and a cut in the leg, as the two lines descending from the point of the sword demonstrate well, the one falling to the head, and the other to the thigh.
 
I would certainly have wronged myself, if this noble parry, or defense, I had not revealed to you, which defends, and saves such a noble part of the body; accordingly in this occasion I put forth to you the present figures, of whom one lies in first, and the other in fifth; and from fifth, only by raising his arm and turning his hand into fourth, advancing a step, he will have come to gain the sword on the inside against the adversary, and his enemy disengaging by turning under his enemy’s sword, he will have thrown a dritto fendente at the same, but the same only with turning his hand into second with the point high, putting the dagger to the rear on the forte of his sword, will be able to strike the adversary safely in two places, with a thrust in the face, and a cut in the leg, as the two lines descending from the point of the sword demonstrate well, the one falling to the head, and the other to the thigh.
| '''FIGVRA CHE PARA PER TESTA CON LA PVNTA DELLA SPADA ALTA ET CON IL PVGNALE INCROCIATO Per di dentro la sua spada nel forte, sì che l’istessa potrà ferire in due maniere, prima di una punta nella faccia, o vero di un riverso per gamba.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|133|lbl=116}}
<br/>Harei certamente fatto torto a me medesimo se così nobil parata, o vero difesa, io non vi havesse discoperto, la qual difende, salva, così nobil parte della vita; però in quest’occasione vi appongo le seguenti figure, delle quali una si trova in prima e l’altra in quinta, & di quinta sol con alzare il braccio & voltando la mano in quarta, crescendo il passo sarà andato a guadagnar la spada di dentro all’aversario, & il nemico, cavando di giro per di sotto la spada nimica, harà tirato un dritto fendente all’istesso, ma il medesimo, sol col voltare la mano in seconda con la punta alta, mettendo il pugnal di dietro nel forte della sua spada, potrà ferire l’aversario sicuramente in doi luoghi, di punta nella faccia e di taglio nelle gambe, come ben dimostrano le doi linee descendenti dalla punta della spada, che una cala nella testa e l’altra nella coscia.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,331: Line 1,259:
 
| '''Figure that strikes with a thrust in third into the thigh and with the dagger into the body while the adversary disengages a riverso to the leg in order to strike.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes with a thrust in third into the thigh and with the dagger into the body while the adversary disengages a riverso to the leg in order to strike.'''
 
Because to some, seeing this following figure struck with the sword and also with the dagger, it will perhaps appear difficult, nevertheless putting the same technique to the test, it will turn out to be easy considering the representation; hence I say, that the adversaries, both lying in fourth, had the true edges of their swords touching each other and the points thereof each aimed at their adversary’s face; the same was forced, pressing the enemy’s sword with his sword, so that feeling the adversary press, he resolves to turn a riverso to the leg, but the same in an instant lowered his sword, and turning his hand into third, passing with his left leg forward, strikes him, parrying with his sword, and likewise with his dagger, as this figure shows.
 
Because to some, seeing this following figure struck with the sword and also with the dagger, it will perhaps appear difficult, nevertheless putting the same technique to the test, it will turn out to be easy considering the representation; hence I say, that the adversaries, both lying in fourth, had the true edges of their swords touching each other and the points thereof each aimed at their adversary’s face; the same was forced, pressing the enemy’s sword with his sword, so that feeling the adversary press, he resolves to turn a riverso to the leg, but the same in an instant lowered his sword, and turning his hand into third, passing with his left leg forward, strikes him, parrying with his sword, and likewise with his dagger, as this figure shows.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE DI PVNTA DI TERZA NELLA COSCIA ET COL PVGNALE NELLA VITA, Mentre che l’aversario cava il riverso per gamba per ferire.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|135|lbl=118}}
<br/>Perchè ad alcuni, vedendo questa figura ferita con la spada & anco con il pugnale, li parrà forse difficile, tuttavia provando l’istesso modo li riuscirà facile per dichiaratione; dunque dico che trovandosi l’aversarij ambi dui in quarta con il filo dritto delle loro spade che si toccavano & le punte dell’istesse ogn’una di loro si guardava la faccia dell’aversario, fu sforzato il medesimo, calcando con la spada sua la spada nimica, sì che sentendo l’aversario calcare si rivolse a voltarli un riverso per gamba, ma il medesimo, in un subito abassando la spada e voltando la mano in terza, passando con la gamba sinistra innanzi, lo ferisce parando con la spada & anco col pugnale, come mostra la figura.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,338: Line 1,265:
 
| '''Figure that parries the stramazzone riverso with the sword and passes forward in an instant with the left foot, giving a stab under the right arm into the armpit.'''
 
| '''Figure that parries the stramazzone riverso with the sword and passes forward in an instant with the left foot, giving a stab under the right arm into the armpit.'''
 
<br/>Because it is of great account when the adversary throws a thrust to parry it with the dagger, to the inside as to the outside, and turn a stramazzone riverso to the enemy’s sword arm, therefore when you have thrown a thrust at your adversary, and he has parried it inside, toward your left side, and throws at you the said stramazzone, you will parry with your sword in third to the outside, and passing forward with your left leg instantly, putting your dagger over the enemy’s sword you will strike him in second with a thrust in the chest. But by of the following figures, I say that the adversary lying in third with his dagger upon the forte of his sword, and the other in the sixth guard, with the dagger arm extended forward, and the sword somewhat low and retired to himself, the same being at measure will throw a thrust at him over his dagger, and the enemy parrying to the outside, toward his left side, responds with a stramazzone riverso, but the same in that instant parrying in fourth and passing forward with the left foot, strikes him with the dagger, as the figure shows, and wanting to return toward the rear, will retire his left leg, turning in the same tempo a riverso to the sword arm of the adversary, returning into the same guard.
 
<br/>Because it is of great account when the adversary throws a thrust to parry it with the dagger, to the inside as to the outside, and turn a stramazzone riverso to the enemy’s sword arm, therefore when you have thrown a thrust at your adversary, and he has parried it inside, toward your left side, and throws at you the said stramazzone, you will parry with your sword in third to the outside, and passing forward with your left leg instantly, putting your dagger over the enemy’s sword you will strike him in second with a thrust in the chest. But by of the following figures, I say that the adversary lying in third with his dagger upon the forte of his sword, and the other in the sixth guard, with the dagger arm extended forward, and the sword somewhat low and retired to himself, the same being at measure will throw a thrust at him over his dagger, and the enemy parrying to the outside, toward his left side, responds with a stramazzone riverso, but the same in that instant parrying in fourth and passing forward with the left foot, strikes him with the dagger, as the figure shows, and wanting to return toward the rear, will retire his left leg, turning in the same tempo a riverso to the sword arm of the adversary, returning into the same guard.
| '''FIGVRA CHE PARA IL STRAMAZZONE RIVERSO CON LA SPADA ET CON IL PASSARE IN VN SVBITO COL Piè sinistro innanzi, dandogli una pugnalata sotto il braccio, dentro nella poccia.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|137|lbl=120}}
Perchè si fa gran conto, quando l’aversario tira una punta, pararla col pugnale, sì di dentro come di fuora, & voltare uno stramazzone riverso nel braccio della spada nimica, sì che tirando tu una punta al tuo aversario ti fosse parata per di dentro, verso le tue parti sinistre, & ti voltasse il detto stramazzone, tu parerai con la spada di terza per di fuora, passando in un subito con la gamba sinistra innanzi, mettendo il tuo pugnale sopra la spada nimica, lo ferirai di seconda di punta nel petto. Ma per dichiaratione delle seguenti figure, dico che ritrovandosi l’aversario in terza col pugnale nel forte della sua spada & l’altro nella settima guardia, col braccio del pugnale disteso innanzi & con la spada alquanto bassa e ritirata a sè, la medesima essendo a misura, gli harà tirato una punta sopra il suo pugnale; & il nimico, parando in fuora verso le sue parti sinistre, li risponde di stramazzone riverso, ma la medesima, in quell’istante parando di quarta e passando col piè sinistro innanzi, lo ferisce di pugnale, come mostra la figura, e volendo ritornare indietro ritirerà la detta gamba sinistra, voltando nell’istesso tempo un riverso nel braccio della spada a l’aversario, ritornando ne l’istessa guardia.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,345: Line 1,271:
 
| '''Way of knowing how to avail oneself of the rotella, finding oneself confronted with another rotella.'''
 
| '''Way of knowing how to avail oneself of the rotella, finding oneself confronted with another rotella.'''
 
Being that it often happens that one’s own weapons wage war against him, who does not know how to avail himself well thereof, accordingly I have judged it to not be out of place to give an inkling of some details of the rotella, as a weapon most dangerous to those who have not had some practice with the same; and in consideration of such, one is to be advised that one must hold the rotella embraced with the left arm somewhat curved, in a way such that it faces somewhat toward the left side, but not so curved that it impedes the vision so that one could not discern any part of the enemy whatsoever; and having done thus, wanting to go to strike, the enemy lying with his sword extended in guardia stretta, it will be necessary first to stringer the enemy’s sword on the inside or the outside according to the occasion, and then advancing with the left foot, hit his already gained sword with your rotella, and strike him vigorously in third with a rising thrust. But if it occurred that the enemy lay in guardia larga, and that he threw a dritto or riverso to your leg, you would have to parry it with a falso, the dritto as well as the riverso, and then respond with a cut to the adversary in the leg; but if perchance he threw a thrust or a cut toward your face or head you could parry with the rotella when the cut or the thrust came not as a feint. But in order to protect yourself from the feint, being that the rotella is heavy so that it could not be of such quickness to parry, as could be done with a targa or brochieri, accordingly you will be careful not to parry in such a case with the rotella; the same figure wanting to parry a thrust which the adversary has thrown to the outside of his rotella, the same wishing to parry it will of course necessarily block his vision, and thus impeded, in that instant the enemy will have convenient opportunity to pass forward with his left foot and strike, without the motion of his sword being seen, into the breast or to the base of the body, as the figures show. But the same is to be parried in second or fourth with the sword, according to the occasion, and then advancing with the left foot, hitting the enemy’s sword with the rotella, one will strike with a rising thrust in third, and thus will be safer.
 
Being that it often happens that one’s own weapons wage war against him, who does not know how to avail himself well thereof, accordingly I have judged it to not be out of place to give an inkling of some details of the rotella, as a weapon most dangerous to those who have not had some practice with the same; and in consideration of such, one is to be advised that one must hold the rotella embraced with the left arm somewhat curved, in a way such that it faces somewhat toward the left side, but not so curved that it impedes the vision so that one could not discern any part of the enemy whatsoever; and having done thus, wanting to go to strike, the enemy lying with his sword extended in guardia stretta, it will be necessary first to stringer the enemy’s sword on the inside or the outside according to the occasion, and then advancing with the left foot, hit his already gained sword with your rotella, and strike him vigorously in third with a rising thrust. But if it occurred that the enemy lay in guardia larga, and that he threw a dritto or riverso to your leg, you would have to parry it with a falso, the dritto as well as the riverso, and then respond with a cut to the adversary in the leg; but if perchance he threw a thrust or a cut toward your face or head you could parry with the rotella when the cut or the thrust came not as a feint. But in order to protect yourself from the feint, being that the rotella is heavy so that it could not be of such quickness to parry, as could be done with a targa or brochieri, accordingly you will be careful not to parry in such a case with the rotella; the same figure wanting to parry a thrust which the adversary has thrown to the outside of his rotella, the same wishing to parry it will of course necessarily block his vision, and thus impeded, in that instant the enemy will have convenient opportunity to pass forward with his left foot and strike, without the motion of his sword being seen, into the breast or to the base of the body, as the figures show. But the same is to be parried in second or fourth with the sword, according to the occasion, and then advancing with the left foot, hitting the enemy’s sword with the rotella, one will strike with a rising thrust in third, and thus will be safer.
| '''MODO DI SAPER BEN VALERSI DELLA ROTELLA RITROVANDOSI A FRONTE CON UN’ALTRA ROTELLA.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|139|lbl=122}}
Essendo che bene spesso avviene che l’arme proprie fanno guerra a chi delle medesime non sa ben servirsi, però ho giudicato non esser fuor di proposito di accennare alcuni particulari della rotella, come arme periculosissima a quelli i quali nella medesima non hanno fatto qualche sorte d’esercitio; e per tanto è d’avvertire che la Rotella si deve tenere imbracciata con il braccio sinistro alquanto curvo, di modo che guardi alquanto verso le parte tue sinistre, ma non tanto curvo che impedisca l’occhio, chè non possa scorgere qual si voglia parte dell’inimico; & ciò fatto, volendo andare a ferire, ritrovandosi però il nimico con la spada distesa innanzi in guardia stretta, si dovrà prima stringere la spada nimica di dentro o di fuora, secondo l’occasione, & poi crescendo con il passo sinistro urtare con la rotella nella spada già guadagnata & ferire di terza, di polso, con la punta ascendente. Ma se occorresse che l’inimico si trovasse in guardia larga & che li fusse tirato dritto o riverso per gamba, si dovrà parare col falso, sì il dritto come il riverso, & poi rispondere di taglio all’aversario nelle gambe; ma se a caso li fosse tirato di punta o di taglio alla volta della faccia o della testa, si potrà parare con la Rotella, quando però venghi il taglio o la punta senza finzione. Ma per assicurare dalla finta, essendo che la Rotella è grave, chè non si potrebbe essere con quella prestezza a parare che si farebbe con targa o brocchieri, però si avvertirà di non parare in alcun modo con la Rotella, poichè la medesima figura volendo parare una punta, la quale li viene tirata dall’aversario per di fuora della sua Rotella, il medesimo volendo parare gli bisogna per forza turare la vista &, così impedita, in quell’istante l’inimico harà havuto commodità di passare col piè sinistro innanzi e ferire, senza esser visto il moto della sua spada, nel petto o vero a piè del corpo, come dimostrano le figure. Ma la medesima si pararà di seconda o di quarta, secondo l’occasione, con la spada e poi, crescendo con il passo sinistro, urtare con la Rotella la spada nimica: si ferirà di terza di punta ascendente & così sarà più sicuro.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,352: Line 1,277:
 
| '''Figure that strikes under the rotella, while the adversary seeks to parry with the same rotella, in order to strike with a thrust in the chest.'''
 
| '''Figure that strikes under the rotella, while the adversary seeks to parry with the same rotella, in order to strike with a thrust in the chest.'''
 
Considering the deceptions and feints that are found in arms, it is necessary to pay much attention when one comes to blows with his enemy, so through presentation of the following figures I show to you how parrying is most often harmful when one parries and does not respond in the same tempo; so I will demonstrate it to you in this action of the rotella, being that one of them lies in fifth with his arm perpendicular and with the point of his sword low, with the rotella forward of his breast, and the enemy lies in sixth with his rotella arm extended forward, and with his sword somewhat back, so that the same, if he will be accosted at measure, will throw a thrust outside the rotella to the face; and he raising his rotella to parry, the view will be obscured, and the same, falsing his sword under the rotella, strikes in fourth in the way that the figure shows. But if he had been a practiced person, when the adversary was throwing a thrust at his face, he would have parried, stretching out his rotella arm, and passing forward with his left foot, instantly with a bending of his body and head toward his right side, giving him a thrust in the breast; alternately, when the adversary was throwing the thrust, he could have parried with the sword in fourth, and in an instant passing forward with his left foot, and hitting the enemy’s sword with his rotella, he would strike him in third with a rising thrust in the body, and thus he would have been safe.
 
Considering the deceptions and feints that are found in arms, it is necessary to pay much attention when one comes to blows with his enemy, so through presentation of the following figures I show to you how parrying is most often harmful when one parries and does not respond in the same tempo; so I will demonstrate it to you in this action of the rotella, being that one of them lies in fifth with his arm perpendicular and with the point of his sword low, with the rotella forward of his breast, and the enemy lies in sixth with his rotella arm extended forward, and with his sword somewhat back, so that the same, if he will be accosted at measure, will throw a thrust outside the rotella to the face; and he raising his rotella to parry, the view will be obscured, and the same, falsing his sword under the rotella, strikes in fourth in the way that the figure shows. But if he had been a practiced person, when the adversary was throwing a thrust at his face, he would have parried, stretching out his rotella arm, and passing forward with his left foot, instantly with a bending of his body and head toward his right side, giving him a thrust in the breast; alternately, when the adversary was throwing the thrust, he could have parried with the sword in fourth, and in an instant passing forward with his left foot, and hitting the enemy’s sword with his rotella, he would strike him in third with a rising thrust in the body, and thus he would have been safe.
| '''FIGVRA CHE FERISCE SOTTO LA ROTELLA MENTRE CHE L’AVERSARIO CERCA CON L’ISTESSA Rotella parare per ferire di punta nel petto.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|141|lbl=124}}
Per gl’inganni e finte che si trovano nell’Arme, bisogna star molto attento quando un si trova alle mani col suo nimico, sì che per dichiaratione delle seguenti figure vi dimostro come il parare il più delle volte è nocivo, quando però si para e non si risponde nell’istesso tempo, sì che ve lo dimostro ancora in questo fatto di Rotella: essendo che uno di loro si trova in quinta col braccio pendiculare & con la punta della spada bassa, con la Rotella innanzi al petto, & il nimico si trova in sesta con il braccio della rotella disteso innanzi e con la spada alquanto indietro, sì che la medesima, se li sarà accostato a misura, tirandoli una punta fuor della Rotella per la faccia, & lui alzando la Rotella per parare si sarà offuscato la vista & l’istesso, afalsando la spada per di sotto la Rotella, lo ferisce di quarta nel modo che mostra la figura. Ma se lui fosse stato persona pratica, quando l’aversario li tirò la punta per la faccia, harebbe parato distendendo il braccio della Rotella & passando con il piè sinistro innanzi, in un subito col piegare il corpo e la testa verso le sue parti destre, dandoli una punta per il petto; o vero quando l’aversario tirò la punta, havesse parato con la spada di quarta, & in un istante passando con il piè sinistro innanzi & urtare con la Rotella la spada nimica, lo ferirebbe di terza di punta ascendente nella vita, & così sarebbe stato sicuro.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,359: Line 1,283:
 
| '''OF SOME TERMS OF THE CUT'''
 
| '''OF SOME TERMS OF THE CUT'''
 
I had resolved myself to present to you some figures that would have shown you the way of using a cutting weapon, of parrying as well as striking, and in these actions to show you many effects, but considering this, that could have been done with figures, I can also do with these few admonitions, that I put to you, thus: the adversary lying in third or in fourth, so that the point of his sword is aimed at the middle of your body, you will place yourself counter to him in fourth with the point of your sword somewhat high, and crossed toward your right side, and approaching somewhat toward the adversary’s sword, you will throw a dritto at his sword followed by a riverso scendente to his face; on the contrary, when your enemy will turn a riverso to your face, you will pass, parrying with your dagger in guardia di faccia over your right arm, giving him a thrust in third in his breast; alternately, having parried and passed as above, you will be able to give him a dritto to his leg, and moreover you will be able to parry the said riverso with your sword in fourth, as shows that figure, which strikes with the dagger under the arm of the adversary, and passing and parrying with the dagger, one will strike with a riverso to the leg, or with the dagger in the same way into the armpit; moreover, you will also be able to put yourself in fourth with the point of your sword low, showing him your body somewhat, and he coming from the outside to throw a thrust at you, you will parry upwards with the false edge of your sword, giving him a dritto to the face, being aware that the parry of the dritto, as well as the riverso, to the head, will be parried in the very same way, as that figure shows in which the sword parries, crossed with the dagger at the rear upon the forte of the sword, which has two lines, one falling to the face, and the other to the thigh; and upon the occasion, that the adversary throws at you either a dritto or riverso to the lower parts, you will parry in second with the point of your sword low, and if it will be a dritto, you will parry and disengage with the (true) edge, over the enemy’s sword, putting your dagger over the said sword, giving him a riverso to the arm; and if it will be a riverso, you will parry to the outside, in the same way, giving him a thrust in the breast, putting nonetheless your dagger in the same tempo over the adversary’s sword; and this is as much concerning thereof that occurs to me to say.
 
I had resolved myself to present to you some figures that would have shown you the way of using a cutting weapon, of parrying as well as striking, and in these actions to show you many effects, but considering this, that could have been done with figures, I can also do with these few admonitions, that I put to you, thus: the adversary lying in third or in fourth, so that the point of his sword is aimed at the middle of your body, you will place yourself counter to him in fourth with the point of your sword somewhat high, and crossed toward your right side, and approaching somewhat toward the adversary’s sword, you will throw a dritto at his sword followed by a riverso scendente to his face; on the contrary, when your enemy will turn a riverso to your face, you will pass, parrying with your dagger in guardia di faccia over your right arm, giving him a thrust in third in his breast; alternately, having parried and passed as above, you will be able to give him a dritto to his leg, and moreover you will be able to parry the said riverso with your sword in fourth, as shows that figure, which strikes with the dagger under the arm of the adversary, and passing and parrying with the dagger, one will strike with a riverso to the leg, or with the dagger in the same way into the armpit; moreover, you will also be able to put yourself in fourth with the point of your sword low, showing him your body somewhat, and he coming from the outside to throw a thrust at you, you will parry upwards with the false edge of your sword, giving him a dritto to the face, being aware that the parry of the dritto, as well as the riverso, to the head, will be parried in the very same way, as that figure shows in which the sword parries, crossed with the dagger at the rear upon the forte of the sword, which has two lines, one falling to the face, and the other to the thigh; and upon the occasion, that the adversary throws at you either a dritto or riverso to the lower parts, you will parry in second with the point of your sword low, and if it will be a dritto, you will parry and disengage with the (true) edge, over the enemy’s sword, putting your dagger over the said sword, giving him a riverso to the arm; and if it will be a riverso, you will parry to the outside, in the same way, giving him a thrust in the breast, putting nonetheless your dagger in the same tempo over the adversary’s sword; and this is as much concerning thereof that occurs to me to say.
| '''D’ALCUNI TERMINI DEL TAGLIO'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|143|lbl=126}}
Havevo fra me stesso risoluto di appresentarvi alcune figure che vi mostrassero il modo di coltelliggiare, sì del parare come del ferire & in quest’attione mostrarvi molti effetti, ma considerando che quello che potevo fare con le figure, possolo ancor fare con questi pochi d’avertimenti che vi propongo; cioè che ritrovandosi l’aversario in terza o in quarta, chè la punta della sua spada guardasse per mezzo della tua vita, tu te li metterai incontro in quarta, con la punta della tua spada alquanto alta & traversata verso le tue parti destre, e accostandoti alquanto verso la spada dell’aversario gli tirerai un dritto nella spada, accompagnato con un riverso fendente per faccia; per il contrario, quando il nimico volterà un riverso per faccia, tu passarai parando con il tuo pugnale in guardia di faccia sopra il tuo braccio destro, dandoli una punta di terza nel petto; o vero, parato che haverai, passando come di sopra, li potrai dare un dritto per gamba; di più potrai parare il detto riverso, con la spada di quarta, come mostra quella figura che ferisce col pugnale sotto il braccio dell’aversario, & passando e parando col pugnale si ferirà con un riverso alle gambe, o vero con il pugnale allo stesso modo nella poccia; di più ti potrai ancor mettere in quarta con la punta della spada bassa, mostrandoli alquanto la vita, e venendo egli per di fuora a tirarti una punta, tu parerai col falso della spada in su, dandoli un dritto per faccia, o vero una punta nel petto; ma se l’aversario venisse a te per batter la spada, sì di dentro come di fuora, farai così: se lui tira un dritto alla spada, tu nell’istesso tempo gli volterai un riverso per faccia, e se lui tirasse un riverso alle parti di fuora per batter la spada, tu nell’istesso tempo gli volterai un dritto per la faccia: avertendovi che la parata del dritto, come del roverso per testa si parerà nel medesimo modo che mostra quella figura che para con la spada incrociata con il pugnale de dietro, nel forte della spada, la quale ha due linee, una scende alla faccia & l’altra alla coscia; e venendo occasione che l’aversario ti tirasse o dritto o riverso alle parti da basso, parerai di seconda con la punta della spada bassa, e se sarà dritto parerai e caverai di filo sopra la spada nimica, mettendo il tuo pugnale sopra la detta spada, dandoli un riverso per il braccio, e se sarà riverso pararai in fuora nell’istesso modo, dandoli una punta nel petto, mettendo però il pugnale nell’istesso tempo sopra la spada dell’aversario; e questo è quanto intorno a ciò mi occorreva dire.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,366: Line 1,289:
 
| '''SECURE WAY OF DEFENDING ONESELF FROM EVERY SORT OF BLOW WITH A PARRY OF A RIVERSO AND STRIKING ALWAYS WITH AN IMBROCCATA.'''
 
| '''SECURE WAY OF DEFENDING ONESELF FROM EVERY SORT OF BLOW WITH A PARRY OF A RIVERSO AND STRIKING ALWAYS WITH AN IMBROCCATA.'''
 
Wanting to put an end to this, my work, it does not seem to be to be out of place to seal it with this brief discourse of mine, which consists only of demonstrating the virtue and the action of the first and fourth guards, discovering in first the offense, and in fourth the defense, the beginning and end of whatever honored scheme one wills; considering that fourth defends against any blow, resolute or irresolute, and first offends the adversary, accordingly it is necessary to say (for the two to be faithful companions) that the beginning of the one is the end of the other, and thus, without beginning and end they evade beginning and ending, since the first begins from high and finishes in a somewhat low fourth, and this is for two reasons. First, that if the adversary throws a thrust or a cut, passing somewhat with the left foot, in parrying with a riverso toward the right side of the adversary, advancing the right foot, he can strike with an imbroccata in the chest, and by such an end, one returns into fourth guard. Second, because the adversary cannot offend if not to the right side, which can easily be defended with an ascendente from the said fourth, demonstrating nonetheless in these actions boldness in the face, the eye quick to recognize the uncovered and covered parts of the adversary, strength and speed in the legs, arms, and hands, quickness in parrying and striking, and agility in the body, and this is the nature of the first and fourth guards.
 
Wanting to put an end to this, my work, it does not seem to be to be out of place to seal it with this brief discourse of mine, which consists only of demonstrating the virtue and the action of the first and fourth guards, discovering in first the offense, and in fourth the defense, the beginning and end of whatever honored scheme one wills; considering that fourth defends against any blow, resolute or irresolute, and first offends the adversary, accordingly it is necessary to say (for the two to be faithful companions) that the beginning of the one is the end of the other, and thus, without beginning and end they evade beginning and ending, since the first begins from high and finishes in a somewhat low fourth, and this is for two reasons. First, that if the adversary throws a thrust or a cut, passing somewhat with the left foot, in parrying with a riverso toward the right side of the adversary, advancing the right foot, he can strike with an imbroccata in the chest, and by such an end, one returns into fourth guard. Second, because the adversary cannot offend if not to the right side, which can easily be defended with an ascendente from the said fourth, demonstrating nonetheless in these actions boldness in the face, the eye quick to recognize the uncovered and covered parts of the adversary, strength and speed in the legs, arms, and hands, quickness in parrying and striking, and agility in the body, and this is the nature of the first and fourth guards.
| '''MODO SICVRO DE DIFENDERSI DA OGNI SORTE DI COLPI CON VNA PARATA Di riverso e ferir sempre d’imbroccata.'''
+
| {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|144|lbl=127}}
Volendo por fine a questa mia opera, non mi è parso fuor di proposito sigillarla con questo mio breve discorso, quale solo consiste in dimostrar la virtù & l’attione della prima e quarta guardia, ritrovandosi nella prima l’offesa & nella quarta la difesa, principio e fine di qual si voglia onorata briga; atteso che la quarta difende di qual si voglia colpo risoluto o inresoluto & la prima offende l’aversario, & però è necessario dire (per essere ambidue fidelissime compagne) che il principio de l’una sia il fine dell’altra, & così senza principio e fine vadino principiando e finendo, poichè la prima incomincia da alto & finisce in quarta alquanto bassa, & questo per due ragioni: prima, perchè se l’aversario tirasse di punta o di taglio, passando alquanto con il piè sinistro nel parare, con un riverso verso le parti destre dell’aversario, spingendo il piè destro può ferire d’imbroccata nel petto, e con tal fine si ritorna nella guardia quarta; seconda perchè l’aversario non puole offendere se non le parti destre, quali facilmente con l’ascendente di detta quarta vengono difese, dimostrando però in tali attioni ardimento nella faccia, occhio presto in conoscere le parti scoperte e coperte dell’aversario, fortezza e prontezza nelle gambe, braccia e mani, prontezza nel parare e ferire & agilità nella vita; e questa è la natura della prima e quarta guardia.
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| class="noline" |  
 
| class="noline" |  
 
| class="noline" |  
 
| class="noline" |  
| class="noline" | Ego Frater Gregorius Lombardellis de Senis Doctor acsacra Theologia professori, & consultoris Sanctissima Inquisitionis sedelissima Ciuitas Senarum vidit presens opus, in quo nihil inueni, quod sit contra sidem aut bonos mores nihil videtur, possit prello mandare.
+
| class="noline" | {{pagetb|Page:Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli) 1601.pdf|145|lbl=128}}
Imprimatur Fr. Archang. Inqui. Senarum.<br/>Fabius Piccolomineis Vic.<br/>Cosmus Talias Audit.
 
 
 
SENIS ANNO A NATALI CRISTIANO M.D.C.X.
 
----
 
VENVNDATVR in aebidus Camilli Turi nobili, & diligentissimi viri
 
:(Transcription by [[Michael Chidester]])
 
  
 
|}
 
|}

Revision as of 15:15, 20 July 2020

Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli
Born 16th century
Died 17th century
Occupation Fencing master
Patron Federico Ubaldo della Roevere
Influences Camillo Aggrippa
Influenced Sebastian Heußler
Genres Fencing manual
Language Italian
Notable work(s) Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma (1610)
Concordance by Michael Chidester

Ridolfo Capo Ferro da Cagli (Ridolfo Capoferro, Rodulphus Capoferrus) was a 17th century Italian fencing master. He seems to have been born in the town of Cagli in Urbino and was a resident of Siena, Tuscany. Little is known about the life of this master, though the dedication to Federico Ubaldo della Roevere, the young son of Duke Francesco Maria Feltrio della Roevere, may indicate that he was associated with the court at Urbino in some capacity. The statement at the beginning of Capo Ferro's treatise describing him as a "master of the great German nation"[1] likely signifies that he was faculty at the University of Siena, either holding a position analogous to dean of all German students, or perhaps merely the fencing master who taught the German students.

Capo Ferro authored a fencing manual on the rapier entitled Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma ("Great Representation of the Art and Use of Fencing"); it was published in Siena in 1610, but refers to Federico by the ducal title. Though this treatise is highly praised by modern fencing historians, it is neither comprehensive nor particularly innovative and does not seem to have been particularly influential in its own time.

Treatise

Additional Resources

  • Capo Ferro, Ridolfo. Italian Rapier Combat: Ridolfo Capo Ferro's 'Gran Simulacro'. Ed. Jared Kirby. London: Greenhill Books, 2004. ISBN 978-1853675805
  • Capo Ferro, Ridolfo. Rapier: The Art and Use of Fencing by Ridolfo Capo Ferro. Trans. Nick S. Thomas. SwordWorks, 2007. ISBN 978-1906512279
  • Leoni, Tom. Ridolfo Capoferro's The Art and Practice of Fencing: A Practical Translation for the Modern Swordsman. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-9825911-9-2
  • Garcia-Salmones, Eugenio. Ridolfo Capoferro, "Gran simulacro del arte y del uso de la esgrima", Traduccion al castellano. Editorial Sacauntos, 2009. ISBN 978-84-937207-0-4

References

  1. Capo Ferro da Cagli, Ridolfo. Gran Simulacro dell'Arte e dell'Uso della Scherma. Siena, 1610. p 1.
  2. I.e. arm length.
  3. I.e. the trunk.
  4. a unit of measure variously from a palm’s width up to 10 inches
  5. “colpo finito”—usu. a cut with long arc.
  6. Page is numbered 50 rather than 54, but seems to appear in the correct place in the book.
  7. This play appears after the subsequent one, but appears to be introducing it, so the two have been swapped.