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Draft Translation 
by Jay Acutt
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Erlangen Version (1500) [edit]
Transcribed by Barbara Kappelmayr and Andreas Meier
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Vienna Version I (1420s) (?) [edit]
Transcribed by Michael Chidester
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Vienna Version II (1623) [edit]
Transcribed by Michael Chidester
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[1] A quite good French wrestle for when you go at someone such that he grips you by the middle and wants to lift you up. So let yourself be lifted and seize him with your left arm around the back of his neck and seize him with that self-same hand by the chest and grip him tightly.
And strike him with your left leg between his legs, and with your left leg and foot, wrap (wint) it around his right leg and press and shove him over pulling him down and cradle his right leg upward with your leg and foot. Thus must he fall on his back.
And on whichever side he bends[27] you, such that he means to throw you, then always place your available foot (ledigen fuss) forward and let yourself push [brace] with it. Thus he cannot throw you, and always bend him down from above and cradle his leg down tightly, so he must indeed fall also with the self-same left leg so that you have struck around his right leg. You may wish to seize over the right half by wrapping outwards around his other left leg and also wrap that around with your left leg and foot and in such a way that thus strongly unbalances him, and weigh down over onto his back, pressing down so that he falls onto his back.
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[33v-ab] EIn gar gut frantzoisch ringen wen dw zu ainem gest das er dich ergreifft bey der Mit vnd dich auff heben will so las dich heben und greiff Im mit deim lincken arm hinden vmb sein hals und fas In mit der selben handt bey der prust und heb in fast vnd schlah Im dein linckes pain zwischen sein pain vnd vmb wint Im sein rechtes pain mit deim lincken pain vnd fuss vnd truck vnd zeug In oben vast nider hintersich vnd wig mit deim pain vnd fuss sein Rechtes pain vast auf So muss er selber auf den Rucken vallen vnd auf welhe seitten er dich peugt das er dich maynt zu werffen so setz dein rechten ledigen fuss alweg für vnd lass dich darauf stossen So kan er dich nit werffen vnd peug In albeg oben vast nider vnd wig Im sein pain vnden vast auff / so muss er Ia vallen auch mit dem selben lincken pain das dw Im vmb sein rechts pain geschlag[e]n hast magstw woll greiffen auswentiss rechten halben vber das ander sein lincks pain vnd das auch vmb winten mit deim lincken pain vnd fuss vnd Im das auch starck auf wegen vnd oben nider Zu Ruck nider prechen so velt er auf sein Ruck
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[2] A good English wrestle with holds or using the arms, holding someone with your right hand up, going over behind his left shoulder by the collar and seize him with your left hand behind his right arm by his elbow.
And don’t let him escape and have him held tightly. And when it suits you, then throw yourself around and allow your right arm to go up over his head and over his right side at the shoulder and seize him with the right arm behind his back on his waist or the belt. And lift him up and your arm goes around his and whilst you hold and lift such as you go at each other.
So throw yourself around so that your right shoulder and back stand against his stomach and during the throw-around (umbwurffen) and in all displacements (trips, versetz) done with your right leg winding in behind his right leg and balance and pull him with your leg, with your leg going upwards and outwards, and lift him up strongly at the back and turn yourself around on your right side, and lift his right arm strongly and throw him over with the hip. And wrap with the foot pulling at his back so with your back or arse you drop him onto his stomach.
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[33v-c] EIn gut englichs ringen mit fassen oder aus den armen fas ein mit deiner rechten handt oben vber sein lincke achssell hinten In das goller vnd mit deiner lincken handt vas Im sein rechten arm hinten bey seim ellenpog[e]n vnd las sein nit biss er velt vnd hab In gar vast vnd wen es dir eben sey so wurff dich vmb vnd las dein rechten arm vber sein kopff geen auf vnd vber sein rechte seiten vnd achssel vnd fas In mit rechtem arm vnd hant hinten In seim Ruck bey seim Wames oder der gurtll vnd heb In auf vnd In deim arm vmb gen vnd In dem fassen vnd heben das das als miteinander zu gee / So wirff dich vmb das dir dein rechte achssel vnd Ruck gen seim pauch stee vnd In dem vmb werffen vnd dem allen versetz In mit deim rechten pain euchwentiss hinter sein rechts pain vnd wig vnd zuck Im das pain gen dir vber sich aus mit deim pain vnd heb In in dem rucken starck auf vnd ker dich vmb auf dein rechte seiten vnd heb sein rechten arm starck vnd wurff In oben mit dem heben vnd winten mit dem fuss zucken an sein ruck so felst dw mit deim Rucken oder arss auf sein pauch
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[3] A good wrestle for when someone wrestles with you using the arms: So seize him with your right hand wrapping inwards by his left shoulder and with your left hand by his right arm near his elbow.
And you want then to reach with your right arm through his left armpit and trap him over both his arms under your right armpit and during the pin, thus turn yourself around so that your back goes into his stomach, and during the pin and turn-around, displace him with your right leg maneuvered close to, and behind, his right leg. And throw him over your leg using your leg onto his back. Also you must then hold quite tightly under his arm with your left hand.
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[34r-a] EIn gut Ringen ringt ainer mit dir aus den armen So vas In mit deiner rechten handt In wentis bey seiner lincken achssell vnd mit deiner lincken handt bey seinem Rechten arm Nahent bey seynem ellenpogen vnd wen dw wilt so far Im mit deim Rechten arm durch sein lincks vchssen vnd verpint Im oben sein paid arm vnter deim Rechts vchssen vnd In dem verpinten so kere dich vmb das dein Ruck gen seim pauch stee vnd In dem verpinten vnd vmb keren versetz in mit deim euchwentigen rechten pain neben vnd hinter sein rechts pain vnd wurff In vber dein pain auf mit deim pain an sein Rucken auch must dw den vntren arm mit deiner lincken handt gar fest halten
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[4] A good wrestle for when you have been seized by someone on the arm, then on whichever side you are under, on the same side place the same shoulder hard underneath against his chest and press him down firmly and grasp under his arm by putting your over-hand behind the elbow.
And then lift him out and away strongly and throw yourself around at the side so that the arm is underneath, and hold him at the hip and place that same leg [the right one in this case, as illustrated] manoeuvred close to his leg. And lift him with the hip, and throw him over the hip and the leg, onto his back.
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[34r-c] EIn gut ringen wen dw mit aim gefast hast den arm den dw vnter hast auf der selben seiten / die selben achsel setz hart vnten an sein prust vnd truck dich vast nider vnd fass sein vntern arm mit deiner obern handt hinter dem ellenpogen vnd heb den aus vnd aus (sic) starck vnd wurff dich den vmb auf die seiten des vntern arm[e]sn vnd vass In auf die huft vnd das selb pain bey der huft setz euchwentiss neben sein pain. vnd heb In mit der huft auf vnd wurff In vber die huft vnd das pain an den Ruck
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[5] A good wrestle using the arms, or when you have seized someone in a hold with your left arm. If so, grasp him with the left arm over by his neck and in the hold you may throw yourself around on your right side, and step towards him and throw him over your hip by his stomach and neck onto his back.
Also during the throw, your left arm may be augmented with your right hand. You must grip your left hand and break him with the left arm and both hands by his neck over your hip by his stomach onto his back.
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[34r-d] EIn gut Ringen aus den armen oder zufassen hastw mit aim gefast vnd hast dein lincken arm ob so ergreiff In bey seim hals mit deim lincken obern arm / vnd In dem greiffen wurf dich vmb auf dein Rechte seiten vnd trit fir In vnd wurff In vber dein hüft bey seim pauch vnd hals an den rucken auch mustw In dem werffen dein lincken arm zu hilff komen mit deiner Rechten handt Must dein lincke handt fassen vnd brich In mit deim lincken arm vnd paiden henden bey seim hals vber dein huft bey seim pauch an den Rucken
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[6] [No text]
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[7] A good charging wrestle if you go at someone in armour: then stamp on his foot—whichever foot he has placed foremost—and as you do so, strike him with your front foot, with the toes behind his heel, and push him over away from you, so that if you fail getting it, then he cannot get you. Then if he pulls his same foot and puts the other foot forward, then consider to stamp on this foot as well, and during the strike, then always push him from over away from you, and with [?] toes, then always strike his foremost leading heel away so that he falls.
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[40v-a] Ein guts Zulauffendes ringen in harenisch wen dw zw ainem gest / So sich auf sein fuss welhen fuss er hat fur gesetzt in dem fallen als dw in an dust / so schlah in mit deinem fuss vorn mit der zehen hinten an sein versen vnd stoss in oben von dir geret es dir so velt er geredt es dir nit so zuckt er den selben fuss vnd setz den andren fur so gedenck vnd schlah in an den fuss auch also vnd In dem schlag so stoss in oben alweg von dir vnd mit [?] zehen So schlah Im sein furgesetzte ferssen albeg aus / so felt er
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[8] Yet another good wrestle for when you go at someone:
Thus consider and grip him with the left hand on his right arm by the hand, and the right hand up by the muscle on the upper arm.
And pull him over towards yourself and bend backwards with you, wanting to pluck him. And lift him tightly whilst you strike him with your right foot between his legs on his right heel. And pull him toward you and immediately strike in behind outside on the front of his left foot with the toes. And yet pull him by the arm toward you, and to strike him from you so that he falls.
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[40v-c] Aber ein ander gut Ringen / wen dw gen aim gest / so gedenck vnd ergreiff in mit der lincken handt sein rechten arm bey der handt / vnd mit der rechten handt bey de r meuss oben an dem arm vnd zeuch in oben zu dir vnd peug im in den hintersich sam dw In zu prechen welst vnd heb in vast dw weil schlah in mit deim rechten fuss zwischen seine pain an sein rechte fersse n vnd zuck In zu dir vnd pald schlah in herwiden [?] aussen an sein lincke ferssen voren mit der zehen vnd zuck in aber bey dem arm zu dir vnd von dir [?] dem schlag so felt er
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[9] [No text]
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[10] Another good wrestle for when you charge in at someone, and seize his right arm by the hand with your left hand, and turn yourself around quickly and during the about-turn, so pull his right arm quickly with your left hand over your right shoulder and bend yourself tightly and make yourself tight beneath him and lift him up with your back so that he must fall over the back. Or else break his arm as well as throw him over the back, so that he lies in front of you.
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[37v-c] EIn ander gut ringen wen dw zu ainem laufst so gedenck vnd ergreiff Im sein recht[e]n arm bey d[er] handt mit deiner lincken handt / vnd ker dich Reschlich vmb vnd In dem vmbkern So zuck Im reschlich sein recht[e]n arm mit deiner lincken handt vber dein rechte achssel vnd puck dich vast vnd mach dich vast vnter In vnd heb In auf mit dem rucken so mus er fallen vber den rucken / oder der arm zwprech[e]n / vnd wurff In auch vber den rucken. das er vor dir lig
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[11] Another good wrestle to consider when you go at someone, and seize his left arm by the hand with your right hand and pull them backward, over your head and bend yourself, and grip with the other hand through [between] his legs and during seizing, and during pulling, then lift him up quickly and throw him.
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[37r-b] EIn gut ringen wen dw mit aim geleich gefast hast so wart ob dw in zu dir rucken mugst vnd In dem Rucken oder sunst wen es dir eben sey so greiff Im mit deym vntern arm durch sein pain in die gabel vnd heb In auff vnd den obern arm setz im an den hals / vnd prich In hindersich an den Ruck / aber wen dw in also auff hebst / so magstw In woll tragen vnd hubslich niderlegen wo dw hin willt
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[12] Another wrestle for when you consider to charge in at someone; if you would like to seize him with either arm around the neck and with the other arm by the leg, and lift his leg up and bend him over tightly downwards, so that the foot lies as high as the head, and then run around him and lay him down however you wish.
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[37v-d] EIn ander ringen wen dw zw aim lauffest so gedenck / ob dw In ergreiffen mugst mit euchem arm den hals / vnd mit dem andren arm bey dem pain / vnd heb Im das pain auf / vnd peug In oben vast nider / das Im die füss als hoch ligen als der koppf / vnd lauff dan mit Im vmb vnd leg In nider als dw woll waist
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[13] Another good wrestle for when you have just taken hold of the arm, then you have underneath on the same side of the same leg, strike him between his legs and cradle his leg up and lift him firmly by the arm that he has under your armpits. And press him down over so that he falls.
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[34v-c] EIn ander gut Ringen wen dw aim geleich gefast hast den arm den dw unter hast auf der seiten das selb pain schlah Im zwischen seine pain vnd wig Im sein pain auf vnd heb Im den arm vast den er vnter deim vchssen hat vnd pring In oben nider so valt er
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[14] Another good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone, then grip behind upward with the same arm, and grab him by the jaw and break his head by gripping it backward, thus so that he must wrench away. Thus throw him then backwards over a leg.
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[34v-d] EIn ander gut Ringen wen dw mit ainem gleich gefast hast den arm den dw vnter hast mit dem selben arm greiff hintten vbersich / vnd vas In bey den kinpacken vnd brich Im das hawbt vast hinter sich so mus er sich auf rechtten. So wurff In dan vber ein pain hinter sich
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[15] Another good wrestle for when you have gotten hold, and he has yours as well: whichever arm you have underneath, thus place in the same leg between his legs and throw yourself around and cradle him with your arse up and pull him down over with your upper-hand by the neck—and with the lower-hand pull down as well, and do this quickly or he will attempt to stop you.
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[35r-c] EIn ander gut ringen wen dw ainem gleich gefast hast vnd er dich auch / welhen arm dw vnter hast / so setz Im das selb pain zwischen seine pain / vnd wurff dich vmb / vnd wig in mit deim arss auf vnd zeuch In oben nider mit der obern handt bey dem hals / vnd mit der vntern handt zeuch In auch nider / vnd thu dass reschlich oder er pricht dass
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[16] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone. On the same side as the arm that you have underneath, place the shoulder in tightly on his chest thus back him towards you, so you want to lift him. You have your right arm underneath so thus place your right leg between his legs and throw him over the knee and the hip on his right side. Yet if he withdraws the left leg, so he gives you the right, then place your left leg behind his right and throw him over there onto his back.
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[35r-d] EIn gut Ringen wen dw mit aim geleich gefast hast den arm den dw vnter hast auf der selben seiten / setz die achssell vast an sein prust so ruck in zu dir sam dw In auf wolst heben / hastw den dein rechten arm vnter so setz Im auch dein Rechts pain zwischen seine pain vnd wurff In vber das knie vnd die hufft auf sein rechte seiten / zuck er dir aber das linck pain So gibt er dir das recht / so setz dein lincks pain hinter sein rechts / vnd wurff In daruber an den Ruck
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[17] Another good wrestle for when you have gotten hold with someone: So lift him up from behind at his back by his waist or the belt [gurtll] with full force using the arms. And during the lift, then you may spin him around so that his feet don’t touch the ground. And if you want you can then swing him around with his feet far out and pull him high over your right leg and the hip at his back, and lay him on the ground.
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[39v-a] EIn ander gut ringen wen dw mit aim geleich gefast hast so heb in hinten auff seim Rucken bey seim wames oder der gurtll auf mit voller macht aus den armen vnd In dem aufheben / so lauff mit Im doch [?] zu rad / scheub [vmme] vmb das Im sein fuss die erd nydert [?] vnd wen dw den wilt so schwing Im sein fuss fur auss vnd zuck In oben vber dein rechts pain vnd die huft an sein Ruck / vnd leg In an die erden
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[18] Another wrestle for when you have gotten hold with someone: With whichever arm you have lower, at that same side, lay in your head and if you’re deep into the balance. Thus drop with the upper-hand around the neck and place your foot forward and outside, and press tightly toward yourself to drop him, which must be done quickly, or he seizes you by the leg. And carry yourself wherever it wants.
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[39v-b] EIn and[er] ringen / wen dw mit ainem gleich gefast hast / welhen arm dw vnter hast / auf der selben seitten leg dein kopff vnd wen dich dunckt das dw es zu weg mugst pringen So fal Im mit der obern handt vmb den hals vnd setz dein fuss vor [?] aus / vnd truck mit dem arm fast zu. so felt er dw must es gar rechlich thun / oder er ergreifft dich bey dem pain vnd tregt dich wo er will
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[19] When you thus seize him under his armpit and you want to press hard; Then you make around him freely: thus you drop in with your right hand between his legs and [also] seize his kidneys [with your left hand] and press him tightly into you, so he must let you do so.
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[39v-c] WEn dich ainer also vnter sein vchssen ergreift vnd will dich hart drucken / So mach dich vmb Im ledig Also fall im mit deiner rechten handt zwischen seine pain vnd ergreiff Im sein nirn / vnd truck fast zw So mus er dich lassen
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[20] When you grip someone by the genitals and you will squeeze hard and thereby need to pluck him then reach with your left arm under [looping over] his right arm which he has thereby seized, and grip with your right hand, your left arm [?] hand, and break his left arm over [?] your left arm so that you break his arm or he must let you go.
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[39v-d] WEn dich einer ergreifft bey den hoden vnd will dich hart drucken vnd damit notten das [prich] Im also / far mit deinem lincken arm vnter sein Rechten arm damit er dich gefast hat vnd greiff mit deiner Rechten handt dein lincken arm [?] handt / vnd prich Im sein rechten arm vber [?] dein lincken arm / so pricht sein arm ader er muss dich lassen
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[21] [No text]
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[22] Another good wrestle for when you have hold using the feet, on the side of whichever arm he has underneath, place that same foot toward his foot and drop in with both hands onto his under-arm and step with your rear foot in around and place in behind his foot. And throw him over on his back. Do that quickly.
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[34v-a] EIn ander gut Ringen wen dw gefast hast aus den fussen welchen arm er vnten hat auf der seiten setz den selben fuss gen seinem fuss vnd fall Im mit den paid[e]n henden in seinen untern arm vnd trit mit deinem hintern fuss herfur vnd setz Innen hinter sein fus vnd wurff In daruber an den Rucken das thue Reschlich
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[23] A good duelling-wrestle for when you wrestle with someone at the arms:
So pull in his right hand under your left armpit and drop your right hand also on the arm and throw him over your right leg also on the right side of his leg. Also you may do it on whichever side you wish, as you will be correct.
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[34v-b] EIn gut kampff ringen Wen dw mit aim aus den armen R[i]ngst so zuck Im sein rechte handt vnter dein lincks vchssen vnd fall Im mit deiner recht[e]n handt auch an den arm vnd wurff In ober dein rechts pain auch bey seinem rechten pain auch magstw es thun auf welhe seiten dw wilt / dw den dir die geregt ist
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[24] Another wrestle using the arms: When you have seized someone by the arm, and they have done the same to you by going around, then lift both arms up quickly and strike his arm strongly on the inside, such that he lets go. And during the strike reach past him and seize his leg with both hands and lift him up and throw him.
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[39r-a] EIn ander Ringen aus den armen Wen dvw mit ainem In die arm gefast hast das ir also vmb get / so heb dein arm paid reschlich auff / vnd schlach starck zwischen sein arm In wentiss / das er dich lass vnd In dem schlahen far Im dwrch vnd ergreiff In mit paiden henden bey aim pain vnd heb In auf vnd wurff In
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[25] Yet a similar charge in to wrestle: When you charge at someone, then lift your arms up high together and to drop them over and strike him through in between his arms and seize him yet by a leg with both hands and tackle him and throw him.
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[39r-b] Aber ain sollichs zulauffent Ringen wen dw zu ainem laufst So heb dein arm hoch auff / sam dw In ob[e]n an welst fallen / vnd schlah im zwisch[e]n sein arm durch vnd ergreiff In aber mit paiden henden bey aim pain vnd lauf In ein [wint] vnd wurff In
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[26] Another wrestle: when someone has a good hold on you, then drop with both arms and with the chest on his lower-arm, and press him into the ground and seize him by the leg and lift him up and throw him.
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[39r-c] EIn ander ringen wen man dich hat woll gefast so fall mit paiden armen vnd mit der prust auf sein vntern arm / vnd druck In zu der erden vnd begreiff In bey dem pain vnd heb In auff vnd wurff Inn
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[27] A decent wrestle from the chest, when someone has grasped you by the collar, then grab his arm by the hand with your left hand and throw yourself around and turn yourself through underneath his armpit, and pin his arm behind his back and grip around him and throw him.
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[39r-d] EIn hubschlich Ringen von der Prust / wen man dich hast gefast bey dem goller / so begreiff seinen arm bey der handt mit deiner lincken handt vnd wirff dich vmb / vnd wint dich vnten durch sein vchssen / vnd prich im den armen auf den Ruck vnd vmb greiff In vnd wurff In
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[28] Another wrestle using the feet for when you have just gotten hold with someone, then hold him in exactly the same way. If he then all [?] so pull him toward you and strike a leg in behind the leg that he has placed foremost behind the knee [in the ‘bend of the knee’] and throw him backwards over the leg onto his back.
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[35r-b] EIn ander Ringen aus den fussen / wen dw mit ainem geleich gefast hast / So greiff In lindeglich[28] an / wen er dan aller [?] traun so zuck In zu dir vnd schlah Im ein pain hinten an sein pain / das er dir fur hat gesetzt In die kniepug vnd wurf In vber das pain hintersich an den Rucken
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[29] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone. On the same side as the arm that you have underneath, lift and seize low by the waist, and attend upon that same foot, if he places it forward. So step in with your foremost leg, and place it in behind that same leg. And during this positioning, thus place the upper-arm at the neck as well and break [push] him high over that leg onto his back.
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[36r-a] EIn gut Ringen wen dw mit aim gleich gefast hast auf der selben seiten den arm den dw vnter hast heb In vast vnten bey dem wames Vnd wart In auf den selben fus wen er In fur setzt So trit mit deim forsten pain herfur vnd setz Ims hinter das selb pain / vnd In dem setz[e]n So setz Im den obern arm auch an den hals vnd prich In oben vber das pain an den Ruck[29]
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[30] Another wrestle using the feet for when you have just gotten hold with someone, then hold him in exactly the same way. If he then all [?] so pull him toward you and strike a leg in behind the leg that he has placed foremost behind the knee [in the ‘bend of the knee’] and throw him backwards over the leg onto his back.
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[36r-b] EIn and[er] ringen aus den fussen / wen dw mit ainem geleich gefast hast / so greiff In lindeglich an / wen er den aller [?] traw so zuck In zu dir vnd schlah Im ein pain hinten an sein pain das er dir fur hat gesetzt In die kniepug / vnd wurff In vber das pain hintersich an den Rucken[30]
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[31] A good wrestle using the arms or feet with a charge (zu lauffen) as you wish.
So if you keep well because you have come into holds with someone, and have your right arm underneath, when it suits you, then seize with your left over-arm through his right armpit and seize him by the chest.
So also keep him his right arm under your left armpit and lift there immediately with your armpit. And if you also want have hold of him, then throw yourself around and pull your right arm underneath. And during this pull and around-throwing, place your left leg forward in front of both his legs, and throw him thus over the leg with your left arm holding his right arm, and on his chest at the back or at the side—so he must fall or break his arm.
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[36r-c] EIn gut Ringen mit zu lauffen aus den arme[n] oder fussen wie dw wilt so kimbstw wol dar zw hastw mit einem gleich gefast / vnd hast dein rechten arm vnter vnd wen es dir eben ist So greiff mit deim lnck en oberen arm durch sein Rechts vchssen vnd vas In bey der prust So kimbt Im auch sein Rechter arm vnter dein lincks vchssen dan heb gar vast mit deim vchssen vnd wen dw In also wol gefast hast So wurf dich vmb vnd Zuck dein recht[e]n vntern arm vnd In dem zucken vnd vmb werffen setz Im dein lincks pain vorn fur seine paide pain vnd wurff Im also den vber das pain mit deine[m] lincken arm bey seim rechten arm vnd prust an den Rucken oder auf die seit[e]n mus er fallen oder sein arm zuprechen
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[32] A good wrestle without harm on both sides for when you wrestle with someone using the arms, or you go in at him.
So seize him behind his left arm by the elbow with your right hand, and take hold of the arm so he never gets away, and pull him from you on his right side.
And penetrate your elbow through his armpit and place in at the chest and step behind him at his side, and grip him with your available left hand in front of you, off and behind his left knee-joint.
And lift up his leg and break [push] him down over with the elbow—and throw him onto his back.
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[36r-d] EIn gut ring[e]n an schaden auf baid seiten wen dw mit aim aus den armen ringest oder zu Im gest so er greiff In bey seim lincken arm hinten bey dem ellen pogen mit deiner Rechten handt vnd fas des arms nymer bis er felt vnd zuck In von dir auf sein Rechte seiten vnd pring dein ellenpogen durch sein vchssen vnd setz Innen an die prust vnd trit hinten zu Im [auf] sein seiten vnd greif mit deiner ledigen lincken handt vor dir ab vnd hinten In sein lincke kniepueg vnd heb Im das pain auf vnd prich In oben nider mit dem ellenpogen vnd wurf In auf den Ruck
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[33] Yet another good wrestle: so consider when you go at him, you take the caught arm, then pull it under your armpit and lift him tightly. And throw yourself around and turn the back and drop with the other hand as well as the aforementioned arm. And drop onto the left knee and throw him over the right leg or on whichever side it is right for you.
Thereafter yet you must hold the arm underneath the armpit as well, if he does the same hold on your arm, such that he is below you, then lift tightly with the hand and your armpit. And when he stands at your right, so that he cannot lift your arm. Then throw yourself around quickly and drop down onto the knee and throw him over the other leg.
Also it must always be done quickly or he’ll step behind. And throw yourself down effortlessly in order to do it quickly. So indeed he must fall.
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[36v-a] Aber ain ander gut Ringen / So gedenck wen dw gen aim gest / das dw In ergreifst bey [ewichen] arm den zuck In vnter dein vchssen vnd heb In fast vnd wurff dich vmb vnd ker Im den Rücken vnd fall mit der andern handt auch an obgenanten arm vnd fal auf das linck knie / vnd wurff In vber das Recht pain oder welhe seiten dir die gerechts ist darnach mustw aber den arm vnter das vchssen fassen / auch wen er dir geleich gefast hast den arm den er vnter hat den heb fast mit der handt vnd dein vchssen vnd wen er dir recht stee / das er dich nit fast heb / So wurff dich Reschlich vmb / vnd fall auf ein knie / vnd wurff In vber das andre pain / Auch mustw es gar reschlich alles thun oder er trit hintersich vnd wurfft dich gar leicht nider thue es reschlich So muss er Ia fallen
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[34] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with anyone who has his right arm underneath. So drop onto the knee so he’s yours, and when he is over yours, then drop under him onto your right knee and place in your left leg winding outward, close to his right leg and break [push] him down with your left hand on his right arm [held] by the bicep and with the right hand under his left armpit, over your left leg at his back. Thus must he be quite quick to move at each other, so as to fall onto the knee and break[push] over the leg.
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[36v-c] EIn gut ringen wen dw mit aim geleich gefast hast das Iederman sein rechten arm vnter hat so fal ye auf ein knie so wirt er Ir / vnd wen er dir oben sey so fall vnten zw Im auf dein rechts knie / vnd setz Im dein lincks pain auss wentiss neben sein rechts pain vnd prich In oben nider mit deiner lincken handt bey seim rechten arm bey der meus vnd mit rechten handt vnter sein lincken vchssen vber dein lincks pain an sein Rucken auch mus er gar resch miteinander zu gen das fallen auf ain knie vnd das prechen vber das pain
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[35] Yet a similar wrestle: then you must shift your lead foot: when you have just gotten hold with anyone who has his right arm underneath, then drop deeply onto one knee. And make him yours. And when it suits you, and if he has placed his right foot forward, then throw yourself around in front of him, and drop onto your left knee, and place in your right leg close around the outside of his right leg to throw him over that leg onto his back.
And with the left hand over his right arm [held] by the bicep, thereby break[push] him down strongly and with your right arm under his left armpit, throw strongly according to the need with each other strongly, and drag quickly.
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[36v-d] Aber ein solich Ringen den dw füss mustv vor wechsslen / wen dw mit aim gefast hast das Iederman sein rechten arm vnter hat so fal Ie auf ein knie Vnd mach In Ir vnd wen es dir eben sey das er sein Rechts pain fur gesetzt hat so wurff dich vor Im vmb vnd fal auf dein lincks knie vnd setz Im dein rechts pain auswentis neben sein rechts pain vnd wurf In vber das pain an den Rucken / vnd mit der lincken ober handt ober bey seim rechten arm bey der meus da prich In starck nider vnd mit deim rechten arm vnter seim lincken vchssen wurff starck nach das mus als mit einander starck vnd Resch zugen
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[36] Here it occurs on wrestling on foot, a deadly wrestle on both sides: when you go at someone, thus seize his left hand with both your hands and throw yourself around, and break his arm off over your right shoulder.
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[40r-c] Auch zuck in aber mit deiner Rechten handt bey seiner rechten handt fast fur sich auf ein seiten vnd in dem zucken schlah in an den arm bey dem ellenpogen mit der lincken handt So schlehstw Im den arm aus dem glid ist er aber kranck vnd schlegstw fast So pricht er Im
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[37] A good pinning wrestle for when someone holds you and has both his arms around you underneath yours and you know that he intends to throw you: so seize downward from above you and seize him with both your arms, and grip around both his arms under both your armpits and press him tightly with them with the armpits and arms and fall down onto your arse, and press and shove him over your head with your knees and feet. Also, don’t let his arms away from your armpits, until you lay on your back and throw him over you.
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[41v-a] EIn gut tagaltsams Ringen wen dich ainer vast vnd hat sein baid arm vnter vnd hat dich gar gewiss zu werffen So greiff oben nider zwischen dir vnd Im mit dein baiden armen vnd vmb greiff Im sein paid arm vnter dein baide vchssen vnd truck vast zw / mit den mit den vchssen vnd armen vnd fall nider auf dein ars / vnd trucken vnd schupf In vber dein kupff aus mit dein knien vnd fussen. Auch las Im seiner arm nicht aus dein vchssen / bis dw an dem rucken ligst vnd In vber dich aus wurfst
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[38] Another wrestle for when you charge at someone: So seize him by the chest or by the arms, and fall on to the back and hold him on one leg and whilst you fall, then buck with your leg, and with your arms up over your head, you carry yourself up against him and he falls over.
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[41v-b] [E]In ander Ringen wen dw zw ainem laufst / so er greiff in bey der prust / oder bey den armen / vnd fall an den ruck / vnd vass in auff ain pain vnd In dem fallen / So schupff in mit dem pain / vnd mit den armen vber den kopff aus / vnd mach dich dan wider auff vnd fall auff In
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[39] When both of you have entered into the hold with each other, such that one cannot lift up the other: there is only one instruction—when he lifts, so you lift as well.
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[41v-c] WEn zwen miteinander gleich gefast haben das einer den andren nicht auff heben kan das ist nur ein wort / wen er hebt so heb auch
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[40] Note: when you attempt to seize someone at the arms in order to wrestle, you will cause him great pain on whichever side that he seizes you.
So always strike him the same using your other arm at the same side, crosswise over his arm and press into him, and turn yourself to attempt to break yourself away from him moving from one arm to the other.
And turn and press and break his arm at the wrist as you move underneath strongly, so you always cause damage in harness or exposed quite low by him. And you hurt him as soon as possible so he can never therefore get a hold. If you aim to cause damage to his joint by his hand, and when you thus learn to Wrestle, at the instigation or assault, to always learn to dominate him masterfully by oneself and to keep countering.
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[43r-a] ITem wen dich ainer oben angreifft aus den armen zu ringen / wiltw Im das gantze laiden auf welhe seiten [er] dich an greifft / So schlag im albeg / den selben deinen nechsten arm auf der selben seiten kreutzweis vber sein arm / vnd truck zu / vnd wint vnd prich dich ge von aym arm zu dem arndern von Im / Vnd windt vnd truck vnd prich Im sein arm / bey der handt / als gen dir vntersich starck so prngstw dich albeg In harnisch oder plos gar gering / von Im vnd dw laitst Im pald / das er dich nymer an dar greiffen / wen dw Im sein gelider bey seinen hand pald zuprengst / vnd wen dw auch Ringen lernst zu dem ersten oder schimpff dv lern albeg for das er sich Maisterlichen von aim / vnd zw aim prechen kimbt
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[41] If you wish to cause someone pain, you attack high and break his arm, therefore wanting to wrestle using the arms.
On whichever side he has seized you, then always strike him on the same side as this to the other arm, crosswise over his arm and move to press strongly into yourself with your arms. And then seize together with your available hand, between you and from him, and grip your arm by the hand on his available hand and thereby you strongly squeeze with force, so that you will break his arm off.
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[43r-c] WIltw aim laiden / der dich oben angreifft vnd sein arm zwprechen / der mit dir aus den armen will ringen auf welhe seiten er dich angreifft / so schlag Im albeg / den selben deinen nechsten arm auf der selben seiten / creutzweiss / vber sein arm vnd truck gen dir dein arm starck zw / vnd greiff mit deiner ledigen handt zwischen dir vnd Im auff vnd vas dein arm bey der handt In sein ledige handt vnd hilff damit starck zu trucken lust dich so prigst dw Im wol den arm ab
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[42] Yet someone attacks you low so that you cannot defend him, then reach with your arms in front of you, between you and him and through the middle of his arms, and lift and break his arm upwards and outward and you break away from him.
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[43r-d] GReift dich aber ainer vnten an so kunst dw Im das also nit wern / aber far mit dein armen vor dir vnd zwischen dir / vnd Im mitten durch sein arm / vnd heb vnd prich im sein arm vber sich aus vnd prich dich von Im
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[43] [No text]
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[44] [No text]
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[45] [No text]
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[46] [No text]
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[47] [No text]
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[48] Yet one good wrestle: hold someone with your right hand behind his collar and with the left hand by his right elbow. And when he places his left foot foremost, thus strike him in with the right foot in front of him with the toes behind his left heel. And during the strike, pull him over strongly down and backward by the neck, and afterwards, shove the elbow strong accordingly, and lift his heel with the toes strongly. And throw him backwards using the arms on his back such that you remain standing.
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[41r-a] Aber ein gut Ringen fass ain mit deiner recht[e]n handt hinden bey seim goller vnd mit der lincken handt bey seim rechten ellenpogen vnd wen er sein lincks pain fur setzt so schlah in mit dem rechten fuss vorn mit den zehen hint[en] In sein lincke ferssen vnd In dem schlag zuck in oben bey dem hals starck nider hinttersich vnd scheub den ellenpogen starck nach vnd heb sein ferssen mit dem zehen starck auf vnd wurff in auss dem armen hintersich an sein Rückn das dw beleibst sten
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[49] Another good wrestle for when you have just taken hold of someone: thus seize him promptly and manipulate him around to cause him pain. And guard yourself throughout so that he cannot meanwhile throw you.
When he then his takes every risk, then [pull his] back in to you, and lift him up and strike him with one leg between his legs, and cradle him with your leg up. And throw him onto his back.
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[41r-b] EIn ander gut Ringen / wen dw mit ainem gleich gefast hast / so greiff in lindeglich vnd gelincklich mit Im vmb sam dw gar kranck seist vnd hut dich doch die weil das er dich die weil nit werff / wen er den sein allernimst traw / so ruck in zu dir vnd heb in auf vnd schlag Im ein pain zwischen seine pain vnd wig im das mit deinem pain auf vnd wurff in an den Rucken
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[50] If you want to lift someone up so that he cannot throw you, then strike in your left leg behind around his right leg at the knee-bend. Thus, that both your knee bends inline with each other, and belly likewise by his, so he may not throw you from him. And wherever he wants to bend or push you, thus always put your available right leg forward, and allow yourself to push [brace].
He thus wants to settle, and therefore wants to throw you: so push with the available foot into the seat so that he would be controlled, then he cannot freely throw you.
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[41r-c] WIltw wen dich ainer auf hebt / das er dich nit werffen kan so schlag im dein lincks pain hinten vmb sein rechts pain In die kniepug / also das euch ewer paid kniepüg in ein ander hengen / vnd kleib also bey Im / so mag er dich nicht vo[n] Im werffen / vnd wo er dich hin will piegen oder stossen / so setz albeg dein rechts ledigs pain fur vnd las dich darauf stoss[e]n tregt er dich dan zu ainer panck vnd will dich daruber werff[e]n so stoss mit dem ledigen fuss In die pank das er daruon gar wert dargelt / so er dich freilich nit werffen
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[51] A good hold and grip so that someone cannot come at you: thus seize him with your right hand by his left shoulder at the chest, with your left hand behind his back by the belt or waist. And pull him with the same hand strongly toward you and with the right hand high by the shoulder, shove him strongly away from you so that he may not come toward you to wrestle.
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[41r-d] EIn gut halten / vnd fassen das ainer zu dir nicht kan kamen / so fas In mit deiner rechten handt bey seiner lincken achssell auff der prust vnd mit deiner lincken handt hinden In dem Rucken bey der gurtl od[er] wames vnd zeuch In mit der selben handt starck zu dir vnd mit der obern recht[en] handt bey der achssell scheub In starck von dir so mag er zu dir mit kainem ringen komen
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[52] Also, pull him yet with your right hand by his right hand tight in front of you on one side, and during the pull, strike in on the arm by the elbow with the left hand. Thus you strike his arm outside the joint, so he is hurt and you strike quick so you break him.
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[40r-b] HIe hebt sich an von des ringes zu fussen ein mortlich ringen auf baid seiten / wen dw gen aim gest so ergreiff sein lincke handt mit dein paiden henden vnd wurff dich vmb vnd prich Im den arm ab vber dein rechte achssell
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[53] A good wrestle on both sides for when you go at someone: So seize his left hand with your right hand and pull it over your head and reach in through [underneath] his armpit and seize him back round by his left leg using your left hand. And lift him up with your back and throw him. Lift him thus whilst pulling the arm, holding it over the head.
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[37r-a] EIn gut Ringen auf baid seiten wen dw zv aim gest so ergreiff Im sein lincke handt mit deiner rechten handt vnd zuck Ims vber den kopff / vnd far Im durch sein vchssen vnd ergreiff Im hintterwertling bei seim lincken pain mit deiner lincken handt Vnd heb In auf mit deim Ruck vnd wurff In / auch heb Im den zuckten arm fast vber den kopff
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[54] [No text]
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[55] A similar wrestle using the arms for when you have gotten hold with someone at the arm: Thus you shall kick him on the knee with whichever foot is foremost with full effort, pulling him toward the leg. Then push him up until you meet him correctly. So you go kick him outside the joint, and then he falls.
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[40r-a] EIn [?]lich Ringen aus armen wen dw mit aim gefast hast In die arm / so sich Im auf die fuss welhen er fursetzt da stoss in auff ab dem knie mit deim fuss mit voller macht zuckt er dir das pain / so stoss In auf das ander bis dw In recht drifst. So stost dw Im das glid aus vnd felt den
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[56] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with someone. On the same side as the arm that you have underneath, lift and seize low by the waist, and attend upon that same foot, if he places it forward. So step in with your foremost leg, and place it in behind that same leg. And during this positioning, thus place the over-arm at the neck as well and break [push] him high over that leg onto his back.
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[35r-a] EIn gut Ringen wen dw mit aim geleich gefast hast auf der selben seiten / den arm den dw vnter hast heb In vast vnten bey dem wames / vnd wart Im auf den selben fuss / wen er In für setzt So drit mit deim Vorsten pain herfur / vnd setz Ims hinter das selb pain / vnd In dem setzen So setz Im den obern arm auch an den hals vnd prich In oben vber das pain an den Ruck
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[57] A good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with anyone, then wait if you may into your back, and during the back or similar, when it suits you, then seize him with your lower-arm through his legs at the groin, and lift him up and then place in the upper-arm in at the neck. And break [push] him backward onto his back, or if you also lift him up, then you may also want to carry him and nobly lay him down wherever you want.
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[37r-c] EIn ander gut Ringen wen dw gen aim gest so gedenck vnd ergreiff Im sein lincken arm bey der handt mit deiner rechten hand vnd zuck Innen vber dein kopff hinttersich vnd puck dich vnd greiff mit der anders handt durch sein pain / vnd In dem greiffen vnd In dem zucken so heb In reschlich auf vnd wurff In
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[58] Yet a quite good wrestle for when you have just gotten hold with anyone: thus strike in your head at his shoulder, yet boldly from one shoulder to the other, so he is yours. You then have right side low, such that you lay in at him with your head at his left shoulder and during this positioning, thus seize him out-around [his arm] with your arm over around his neck between your head and his head.
And hold the head under your left armpit to squeeze tightly. And you block low with the feet gathered to throw him, so he falls.
Yet if he doesn’t and he pulls your head, if you thereby grip thus to step towards him during the pull, and seize with your right arm low, under his armpit going behind, over his left shoulder and place in the arm at his neck, and during this placement, then seize down winding out-around in front of yourself with your left arm going in behind his knee-bend. And lift his leg up and pluck him down with the aforementioned arm over at this neck, and throw him.
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[37v-a] Aber gar ein gut Ringen wen dw mit aim geleich gefast hast So schlag Im dein hawbt doch dreyst[?]dt auf sein achssell ye von ainer achssel zu der andren so wirt er ir / hastw dan dein Rechten vnter so leg Im zu dem [?] dein hawbt auf sein lincke achssell vnd In dem legen so greiff Im euchwentiss mit deym obern lincken arm zwischenn deim koppf vnd seim kopff vmb sein hals vnd fass Im den kopff vnter dein lincks vchssen vnd truck vast zw / vnd sper dich vnten mit den fussen fast her dan so felt er get dir das aber nit vnd zuckt er dir den kopff wen dw darnach greifst so trit zu in dem Zucken / vnd greiff mit deim vntren rechten arm vnt[er] sein vchssen auf hinten vber sein lincke achssell vnd setz Im den arm an den hals vnd In dem setzen so greiff vor dir nider euchwentiss mit deinem obern lincken arm hinten in sein lincke kniepüeg vnd heb Im das pain auf vnd prich In mit dem vorgenant[e]n arm oben bey dem hals nider vnd wurff In
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[59] [No text]
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[60] [No text]
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[61] [No text]
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[62] If you want to take someone down with force on both sides, therefore you must exchange the feet, if he lies on your right side. Thus take your right foot and work with him so you keep between his legs. When you thereby come between, then strike your right leg around his left leg, and pull it towards yourself with your foot and shove him over away from you with the hands at the right side.
Thus he lands on his back, and you on top of him. You may not want the right leg with your right, so take your left leg and seize him high over, in between his legs and pull his left leg towards you and with the hands, throw him over yourself on your left side. Thus you come effortlessly on to his back.
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[38v-ab] WIltu vnter ainem auf steen mit gewalt auf baid seiten darzw mustw die fus verwechsseln ligt er dir auf der Rechten seiten So nym dein rechten füss / vnd erbait mit Im bistvw Im kimbst zwischen seine pain / wen dw dar zwischen kumbst / so schlah dein rechts pain vmb sein lincks pain / vnd zuck das zw dir mit deinem fuss vnd schewb In oben von dir mit den henden auf die rechten seiten so kumbt er an den Rucken / vnd dw auf In. Mag dir das recht pain nit werden mit deinem rechten So nym dein lincks pain vnd greiff oben vber In ein zwischen seine pain vnd zeuch sein lincks pain zu dir vnd mit den henden wurff In oben vber dich auf dein lincke seiten So kumbst dw gar leicht an sein [ruck] auf in
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[63] A controlling wrestle, you may well speak to someone if you want, and offer your leg to his hands, and he thereby cannot throw you because he must similarly fall. Do it thus: lift your leg up and let him seize you by the bend of the knee, and during the hold, as he seizes you, then seize him with your right arm around his neck so that you keep his head under your armpit, and press the hold into you. And with the left hand seize him up over the [transcription reads ‘your’?] back by the belt, and if he still has you by the leg, then have yourself a hold with the left hand by the belt and with the right arm press the armpit tight towards you. Thus you press him by his neck so that he doesn’t know how to escape and will fall onto his stomach.
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[42r-a] EIn dagalt Ringen. dw magst woll sprechen zu einem dw wolst Im dein pain in die handt geben / vnd er kin dich darnach nicht werffen / vnd muss selber fallen / Das thue also heb dein rechts pain auff / vnd hais dich In vassen / bey der kniepueg vnd In dem vassen / als er dich vast / So greiff Im mit deim rechten arm vmb sein hals / das dir sein kopff vnter dein vchssen kim / vnd truck den vast zw / vnd mit der lincken handt fas In oben auf dein rucken / bey der gurtl / vnd wen er dich auf will haben bey dem pain So hab dich fast mit der lincken handt bey der gurtll vnd mit dem rechten arm truck das vchssen fast zw So truckts dw In bey seim hals das er vnwissen wirt vnd auf den pauch fellt
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[64] Yet a similar controlling wrestle, you do well to speak at the arms. I want to turn your back to me and this will allow me to lift you up and you will thereby be thrown, so that you do thus: when you turn someone’s back and you wish to hold him round the middle, and lift him up.
Then drop him with your hands in his hand, and weigh yourself down quickly and drive with your back and feet through his right armpit and with the right leg behind his right leg, and block [sper, sperren] him with your right leg and hold him down in front of you with your hands. And lift his right leg up and throw him onto his back.[31]
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[42r-b] Aber ein solich dagalt ringen dw machst wol sprech[e]n zw armen / ich will dir den Rucken keren vnd will mich aufheben lassen vnd will dich dannach werffen / das dw also / wen dw aim den rucken kerst vnd er dich bey der mit nymbt / vnd will dich auf heben So fall Im mit dein henden in sein hendt vnd schwer dich resch nider / vnd far im mit deym rucken / vnd fussen / durch sein rechts vchssen vnd mit dem rechten pain hinter sein rechts pain vnd sper im das mit deim rechten pain vnd greiff dan vor dir vnd Im nyder mit dein henden vnd heb im sein rechts pain pain (sic) auf vnd wurff in an den Rucken
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[65] But one control for when you wish to throw two people down, and you have let them grab you so that they stand close to each other, and so lay your arms symmetrically at the back and push in your arms through and seize them at the collar, and hold them also truly, that they cannot take your arm and cradle in their arms with your arms up and press them to the ground or throw them over both your legs.[32]
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[42r-c] Aber ein dagalt wiltw zwen nider werffen die dich aber fassen lassen so heiss sy neben einander steen vnd peug vnd leg Iglichen arm auf den Ruck vnd stos In den dein arm dadurch vnd greiff in In die goller vnd fass sy also recht / das sy dir die arm nicht neme[n] vnd wig In ir arm mit dein arm auf vnd truck sy zw der erden oder wurff sy vber dein baide pain
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[66] Yet another control for when you want to throw two people down such that you let them seize, then position yourself close to each other and stand behind them and give one of their hands to your free hand under their leg and hold them from behind by their hands and lift them both up with each other, so then their heads move down and the feet come up and so they fall on their faces.
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[42r-d] Aber ein dagalt wiltw zwen nider werffen / die sich fassen lassen / so stell sy neben einander / vnd stee hinter sy vnd heis die Iglichen geben / ein handt in dein hendt vnten durch ir pain / vnd fas sy den hintterwerttling bey iren henden / vnd heb sy den paid mit einander auf So gen In die kopff nyder vnd die fuss auff vnd fall[e]n auf die meule[r]
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[67] If you want to hold so that he’s beneath you and cannot get up, then consider that you grasp his arm between your legs and under the stomach; and then grip the other arm with both hands by the hand and by the elbow and then then twist the hand underneath his head and press the elbow down so that he cannot stand up, also lay yourself crosswise on top of him.
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[42v-a] WIltv ain halten das er vnter dir nicht aufste / so gedenck das dw Im ein arm ergreifst zwischen deine pain vnd vnter den pauch vnd den andern arm ergreiff im mit paiden henden bey der handt vnd bey dem ellenpogen vnd die handt windt Im vnter den kopff vnd den ellenpogen druck In nider So mag er nicht aufsten / auch leg dich auf In kreutzweis
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[68] A good hold so that someone cannot get up from you on both sides, place yourself crosswise on the [his] right side and seize him with the left arm through underneath his neck—and seize him by the chest and with the right free [available] arm. Thus attend to him, and on whichever side he shall try to swing, grip him there so that he cannot escape.
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[42v-b] EIn gut halten / das ainer vnter dir nicht aufste auf baid seiten / leg dich kreutzweiss / auf die rechten seiten / vnf greiff mit deim lincken arm vnten durch sein hals / vnd vass In bey der Prust vnd mit dem Rechten ledigen arm / so wart auf In / vnd auf welhe seiten / er sich keren will / da greif zw / so mag er Nyndert kemen
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[69] A controlling hold for when you want to hold two people: if they lie under you and cannot get up from letting themselves be seized: then lay them on their stomach and bend, and place each arm around his back and push each arm through each of his arms and grasp him by the collar. And if they squirm to escape, then lift their arms up from behind so that they must lie down, or else have their arms broken.
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[42v-d] EIn dagalt halten wiltw zwen halten / das sy vnter dir [nicht] aufsten / die sich vassen lassen / So leg sy auf den pauch vnd peug vnd leg Iglichen ein arm auf den ruck vnd stoss iglichen ein arm durch sein arm / vnd greiff in [?] die goller / vnd wen sy sich ruren das sy geen auf [?] So wig In die arm hinten auff / so mussen sy liegen oder die arm zuprechen
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