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Difference between revisions of "Die Blume des Kampfes"

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| <p>[11] <section begin="armor 16"/>Note: here are described and illustrated in turn four techniques that the masters teach thereby for quite refined wrestling (''hubsche ringen'').
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| <p>[10] <section begin="armor 16"/>Note: here are described and illustrated in turn four techniques that the masters teach thereby for quite refined wrestling (''hubsche ringen'').
  
 
The first is for when you want to attack someone from the short or long sword, then parry his point strongly up away from his left side and step quickly towards him and reach in under the blade of his sword at the chest, and place in the left hand with the sword at his neck, that in your blade over across (''zwerch'') staying at his neck and during the stab, step behind him and place in your right leg behind his right leg and throw him onto his back over your right leg, using your left hand by his neck.
 
The first is for when you want to attack someone from the short or long sword, then parry his point strongly up away from his left side and step quickly towards him and reach in under the blade of his sword at the chest, and place in the left hand with the sword at his neck, that in your blade over across (''zwerch'') staying at his neck and during the stab, step behind him and place in your right leg behind his right leg and throw him onto his back over your right leg, using your left hand by his neck.
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| <p>[12] <section begin="armor 17"/>As then you want yet a high stab from the forearmed hand, so parry him then upwards and away, and whilst you parry, stab him with your point, with sword over his blade between his [blade] and his right arm. Step in quickly and displace (''versetz'') him and engage (''verbind'') his left hand and sword with your sword between your hands with the blade above his left hand and step in strongly towards him and press the hand in on his chest and head, so that you you may comfortably come to wrestle or take his sword.<section end="armor 17"/></p>
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| <p>[11] <section begin="armor 17"/>As then you want yet a high stab from the forearmed hand, so parry him then upwards and away, and whilst you parry, stab him with your point, with sword over his blade between his [blade] and his right arm. Step in quickly and displace (''versetz'') him and engage (''verbind'') his left hand and sword with your sword between your hands with the blade above his left hand and step in strongly towards him and press the hand in on his chest and head, so that you you may comfortably come to wrestle or take his sword.<section end="armor 17"/></p>
 
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| <p>[13] <section begin="armor 18"/>This is another technique for when you want smack someone up high, so parry him with the point near his point or push his point up strongly between the hands upwards with your blade and during this parry or shove upward, then let you hand, arm and sword go around and push in forcefully with the pommel under his eyes or his neck. And during this shove, step towards him to wrestle, with whatever you want.<section end="armor 18"/></p>
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| <p>[12] <section begin="armor 18"/>This is another technique for when you want smack someone up high, so parry him with the point near his point or push his point up strongly between the hands upwards with your blade and during this parry or shove upward, then let you hand, arm and sword go around and push in forcefully with the pommel under his eyes or his neck. And during this shove, step towards him to wrestle, with whatever you want.<section end="armor 18"/></p>
 
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| <p>[14] <section begin="armor 19"/>The fourth technique will you yet smack someone up high from a forearmed hand: so parry him and push his point off upward and away. During this parry away, approach ever more strongly afterward into him and engage him with the blade by his left hand between your hand with the blade; and crowd him thus to his back and stab him at his left leg. If he prohibits this, then let your sword drop over the head and seize him strongly by the leg with both your hands and arms, and pull him up by the legs strongly and throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 19"/></p>
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| <p>[13] <section begin="armor 19"/>The fourth technique will you yet smack someone up high from a forearmed hand: so parry him and push his point off upward and away. During this parry away, approach ever more strongly afterward into him and engage him with the blade by his left hand between your hand with the blade; and crowd him thus to his back and stab him at his left leg. If he prohibits this, then let your sword drop over the head and seize him strongly by the leg with both your hands and arms, and pull him up by the legs strongly and throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 19"/></p>
 
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| <p>[15] <section begin="armor 15"/>[No text]<section end="armor 15"/></p>
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| <p>[14] <section begin="armor 15"/>[No text]<section end="armor 15"/></p>
 
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| <p>[15] <section begin="armor 6"/>If you want to parry every stab and strike and to take his sword because you want to attack, then take your sword in both forearmed hands, and rest the blade in your left hand at your left leg over your knee, with the point thrust downwards and with your right hand by the hilt at your chest, so that the pommel goes underneath your right armpit. Stand thus in this manner when someone steps against you and wants to attack you with the pommel. So parry his strike and lift up the sword with both your hands and reach in to strike with the blade between your hands.
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And during the parry, go so that you let go of your sword and seize his sword by the hand and hilt. Pull it from his hands so that you have a sword and he doesn’t – thus in this described lesson he may not come before you and keep his sword. Yet if you want to strike him with the pommel, or you want to parry the stab but cannot take his sword, then enter for some good wrestling and push onward as I have mentioned in the other techniques.<ref>This play has a resemblance to Kal, [[Page:Cgm 1507 22v.jpg|BSB Cgm 1507, 22v]], this seems to be Hundsfeldts fourth guard.</ref><section end="armor 6"/></p>
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| <p>[16] <section begin="armor 7"/>A good wrestle by means when you suffer against someone stronger, albeit armed or unarmoured. If you step in close towards him wanting to grapple with him, then drop suddenly to tackle (''zurnren an'') him down by the knee, and when he is unbalanced, then bear-hug (''vmbgreiff''<ref>Lit: “grip around”</ref>) both his legs with arm and hands, and pull them towards you, at the same time pushing him over with your head under his chest so he falls onto his back.<section end="armor 7"/></p>
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| <p>[16] <section begin="sword 34"/>[No text]<section end="sword 34"/></p>
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| <p>[17] <section begin="sword 34"/>[No text]<section end="sword 34"/></p>
 
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| <p>[18] <section begin="sword 35"/>[No text]<section end="sword 35"/></p>
 
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| <p>[18] <section begin="armor 9"/>Yet one sword-disarm in armour: If someone wants to stab you, then step in close to him and strike his point away at your left hand and during this blow, grasp his point as well as your own point and step towards him, rotate his with your right arm and with the elbow quickly move your right hand away and step behind yourself so that both points come in towards him. Thus stab him from you and shoot in with his sword or throw it behind.<section end="armor 9"/></p>
 
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| <p>[21] <section begin="armor 9"/>Yet one sword-disarm in armour: If someone wants to stab you, then step in close to him and strike his point away at your left hand and during this blow, grasp his point as well as your own point and step towards him, rotate his with your right arm and with the elbow quickly move your right hand away and step behind yourself so that both points come in towards him. Thus stab him from you and shoot in with his sword or throw it behind.<section end="armor 9"/></p>
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| <p>[22] <section begin="armor 24"/>A good wrestle: if someone moves, you move, and if you want to attack him, then take your sword in both hands and strike him on his sword by the point with your point, and whilst you strike, step around him and place in your arm which holds the sword at his throat to throw him over your leg on to his back by placing it behind his leg—and do it quickly.<section end="armor 24"/></p>
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| <p>[21] <section begin="armor 25"/>If an expert comes at you, and you want to engage with his sword as a means to wrestle, then let your sword go around his hand and pull his sword out of his hands by the blade using your hilt and pommel. Whilst you pull, then reach through with the right hand and using the pommel of your sword, drop down at him at the bow/arch/bend behind his left leg; and with the left arm and with the blade placed in over on the neck and press him down from above, and trip him up down low with the hilt, and throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 25"/></p>
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| <p>[23] <section begin="armor 25"/>If an expert comes at you, and you want to engage with his sword as a means to wrestle, then let your sword go around his hand and pull his sword out of his hands by the blade using your hilt and pommel. Whilst you pull, then reach through with the right hand and using the pommel of your sword, drop down at him at the bow/arch/bend behind his left leg; and with the left arm and with the blade placed in over on the neck and press him down from above, and trip him up down low with the hilt, and throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 25"/></p>
 
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| <p>[22] <section begin="armor 33"/>[No text]<section end="armor 33"/></p>
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| <p>[24] <section begin="armor 33"/>[No text]<section end="armor 33"/></p>
 
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| <p>[25] <section begin="armor 26"/>A technique to forearmed hands: if you go to approach someone and you stab with him, then step in toward him quite close and parry his stab away, and step whilst you parry, allowing your sword to fall, drop down toward him at the knee, and whilst you drop then seize both his legs with both your arms and pull in towards you so that he falls onto his back.<section end="armor 26"/></p>
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| <p>[23] <section begin="armor 27"/>Yet another good attack: if the two of you have both attacked high and penetrated each others' defence, then remember: seize his sword by the point with your left hand foremost and pull back a little behind yourself and whilst you pull, thus parry his sword upward and away and step toward him and place one leg in behind his left leg and with the right hand high press him down over that leg, onto his back.<section end="armor 27"/></p>
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| <p>[26] <section begin="armor 27"/>Yet another good attack: if the two of you have both attacked high and penetrated each others' defence, then remember: seize his sword by the point with your left hand foremost and pull back a little behind yourself and whilst you pull, thus parry his sword upward and away and step toward him and place one leg in behind his left leg and with the right hand high press him down over that leg, onto his back.<section end="armor 27"/></p>
 
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| <p>[24] <section begin="armor 13"/>A good technique for when you step toward someone, and he wants to stab or strike you. So take your sword in both hands and step forward with the right foot and reach in the strike or the stab in his approach with both your hands on the sword, and push him away on the left side, and whilst you push and so drive the step with the sword through his left leg and through his armpit and lift his leg up with the point and throw him on his back. Or place the sword with the pommel and the hand in at the neck, and in this position behind him, place in your right leg behind his left leg and throw him over on to his back.<section end="armor 13"/></p>
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| <p>[27] <section begin="armor 13"/>A good technique for when you step toward someone, and he wants to stab or strike you. So take your sword in both hands and step forward with the right foot and reach in the strike or the stab in his approach with both your hands on the sword, and push him away on the left side, and whilst you push and so drive the step with the sword through his left leg and through his armpit and lift his leg up with the point and throw him on his back. Or place the sword with the pommel and the hand in at the neck, and in this position behind him, place in your right leg behind his left leg and throw him over on to his back.<section end="armor 13"/></p>
 
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| <p>[25] <section begin="armor 23"/>A technique taught when having forearmed hands: if you go with a stab, then stab in at him under his arm and step quickly toward him, placing the blade therewith both upon his left arm and placing the point of the sword between his legs and trip up the left leg therewith and with the pommel high and the hand penetrates him low, throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 23"/></p>
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| <p>[28] <section begin="armor 23"/>A technique taught when having forearmed hands: if you go with a stab, then stab in at him under his arm and step quickly toward him, placing the blade therewith both upon his left arm and placing the point of the sword between his legs and trip up the left leg therewith and with the pommel high and the hand penetrates him low, throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 23"/></p>
 
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| <p>[26] <section begin="armor 11"/>A good manoeuvre against armed hands that’s called the “center-of-gravity on both sides” (''die wag auf baid seiten''<ref>Lit: “the balance on both sides”</ref>). If someone wants to stab at you, then during the stab, parry it away and whilst you parry, step in towards him and wind your sword under his arm, and move quickly whilst you wind. Thus attend on whichever leg he has placed foremost with his weight on it and reach down seize his thigh by that same leg with both hands. Lift his leg up and throw him on the back.<section end="armor 11"/></p>
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| <p>[29] <section begin="armor 11"/>A good manoeuvre against armed hands that’s called the “center-of-gravity on both sides” (''die wag auf baid seiten''<ref>Lit: “the balance on both sides”</ref>). If someone wants to stab at you, then during the stab, parry it away and whilst you parry, step in towards him and wind your sword under his arm, and move quickly whilst you wind. Thus attend on whichever leg he has placed foremost with his weight on it and reach down seize his thigh by that same leg with both hands. Lift his leg up and throw him on the back.<section end="armor 11"/></p>
 
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| <p>[27] <section begin="sword 44"/>[No text]<section end="sword 44"/></p>
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| <p>[30] <section begin="armor 12"/>A good technique indeed to a forearmed hand. When you stand infront of someone, then hold your sword in a forearmed hand and place your left leg forward, laying the blade at the leg with the point at the knee, that the point stands going down towards the ground and the pommel goes upward to your right armpit.
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And stand thusly when he steps in against you, and you want to attack, so parry away during the stab with the point and whilst you parry, then step forward quickly with the right foot inside his left leg. And during both the parry and step, twist your sword around in your hand so the pommel comes in at his neck and throw him over your right leg by his left leg with the pommel over his neck. But he pulls back his left leg, and thus steps backwards, then offer him a deadly (''mortlichen'') thrust (''stoss'') with the pommel under his eyes and shall yet then do so on the right as before. Also it must be performed quickly all-at-the-same-time (''miteinander'', together): the parry away, the step behind and the pommel to the neck, then you throw him.<section end="armor 12"/></p>
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| <p>[28] <section begin="sword 38"/>[No text]<section end="sword 38"/></p>
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| <p>[31] <section begin="sword 38"/>[No text]<section end="sword 38"/></p>
 
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| <p>[32] <section begin="armor 14"/>The charge<ref>Lit: “run-in”</ref> from the sword: when someone wants to attack<ref>Lit: “set upon”</ref> you under the eyes, then take your sword in both hands and lift up your sword in order to lift up his with full effort, and throw your sword over his back, seize him on his left and throw him on the back.<section end="armor 14"/></p>
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| <p>[33] <section begin="armor 15"/>A technique to an forearmed hand: when you stand with your sword and have placed your left leg foremost, as one stands when you want to pierce (''anstechen'') someone, then step in with your right foot during the stab a little bit closer so he drops and positions you so that he has you on the left side, thus let your sword move low and he has placed the same left leg forward, then place it on the ground behind that same leg and whilst you place it, push him over the sword on to his back. And this must go against him quickly indeed.<section end="armor 15"/></p>
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| <p>[34] <section begin="armor 20"/>Another wrestle from the sword: if you go in at someone and you and him both stab, such that he is the same as you, then strike his point away and run in with him and together that you both may fall. In which case, you seize him by whichever leg his has placed closest to you with an upturned arm, and with the other arm seize him by the chest, up high press him down, down low, lift up the leg and throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 20"/></p>
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| <p>[35] <section begin="armor 21"/>A good duelling wrestle on both sides, whichever it is suitable for you to do: If you come in to wrestle with someone at the arms (joint-locking?), then seize his left hand with your right hand and pull it over your head and drive in through under his armpit and pin it behind to wrestle his left leg with your left hand. Lift him up with the back and throw him, also lift him by the left arm holding it over the head.<section end="armor 21"/></p>
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| <p>[29] <section begin="armor 22"/>Yet an attack that you set upon him from above, and he wants to defend you and your sword strikes upwards and away. So let your pommel go forward and rotate (''wind'') under both his arms and place your right leg against him, behind his left leg and throw him over with your arms, with the sword under his armpits infront of his chest, over your leg on to his back.<section end="armor 22"/></p>
+
| <p>[36] <section begin="armor 22"/>Yet an attack that you set upon him from above, and he wants to defend you and your sword strikes upwards and away. So let your pommel go forward and rotate (''wind'') under both his arms and place your right leg against him, behind his left leg and throw him over with your arms, with the sword under his armpits infront of his chest, over your leg on to his back.<section end="armor 22"/></p>
 
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| <p>[30] <section begin="sword 42"/>[No text]<section end="sword 42"/></p>
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| <p>[37] <section begin="sword 42"/>[No text]<section end="sword 42"/></p>
 
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| <p>[31] <section begin="armor 31"/>[No text]<section end="armor 31"/></p>
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| <p>[38] <section begin="armor 31"/>[No text]<section end="armor 31"/></p>
 
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| <p>[32] <section begin="sword 43"/>[No text]<section end="sword 43"/></p>
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| <p>[39] <section begin="sword 43"/>[No text]<section end="sword 43"/></p>
 
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| <p>[40] <section begin="armor 28"/>An orbit<ref>Lit: “get-around”</ref> to wrestle in order to harm when in armour: when you get around someone with the sword in such a manner as you have parried him—and he does this to you as well—then pull him with your right hand by his right hand yet he has not seized yours, then pull him on the other side with your left hand by his left hand. Drive as much as you can at both sides so that if he tries to seize you, or if he does seize you, then you will seize him on whichever side he turns toward you. During the grip on his hand, step around and seize him from behind over the shoulders on his left side. Pass his hand from your hand in to your other hand and thereby hold him round the middle with the freed arm and lift him up and throw him on to his back or over one leg, thus you may withdraw from him to harm.<section end="armor 28"/></p>
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| <p>[33] <section begin="armor 29"/>Indeed a good strike technique from an armed man’s hand. If someone does not have armoured legs and drives in the sword in an approach with armed hand and should it come to an engagement, then drop the sword into the Iron Door (''eissnen Pfortten'') and step with your right foot forward and go up from below with a stab out of the Iron Door to his face and if he is wary of this, thus do a double step (''zwiefachen trit'') with your leading right foot on his left side and whilst you step, quickly let your sword go around over your head and cut him up close to his left leg at the calf so that he sits back [into a back stance?]<section end="armor 29"/></p>
+
| <p>[41] <section begin="armor 29"/>Indeed a good strike technique from an armed man’s hand. If someone does not have armoured legs and drives in the sword in an approach with armed hand and should it come to an engagement, then drop the sword into the Iron Door (''eissnen Pfortten'') and step with your right foot forward and go up from below with a stab out of the Iron Door to his face and if he is wary of this, thus do a double step (''zwiefachen trit'') with your leading right foot on his left side and whilst you step, quickly let your sword go around over your head and cut him up close to his left leg at the calf so that he sits back [into a back stance?]<section end="armor 29"/></p>
 
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| <p>[42] <section begin="armor 30"/>When you attempt your stab, then attend upon whichever foot he placed in front of you and stab him therein with the sword and press firmly so that he is rendered pathetic.<section end="armor 30"/></p>
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| <p>[34] <section begin="armor 4"/>[No text]<section end="armor 4"/></p>
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| <p>[43] <section begin="armor 4"/>[No text]<section end="armor 4"/></p>
 
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| <p>[35] <section begin="armor 38"/>[No text]<section end="armor 38"/></p>
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| <p>[44] <section begin="armor 38"/>[No text]<section end="armor 38"/></p>
 
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| [[File:MS B.26 025r-a.png|400px|center]]
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| <p>[45] <section begin="armor 35"/>When both come together to attack each other up high attempting to wrestle and attempting to pierce one another, then place in your sword and shove in behind to have the hold so you can safeguard yourself and also so that he can’t continue to do anything to you, but fall onto his stomach, but if it happens that he retaliates (''zorn thut das'', “that does anger him”) that you are also driven backward, such that he will also penetrate you, then draw your sword (''zuck dein schwert'') and take him by the rear hand and let your sword drop with the pommel in the ground, and pull him tightly by the hand so that he falls onto the sword or on to his belly whichever is most useful to you.<section end="armor 35"/></p>
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| <p>[1] <section begin="armor 1"/>[No text]<section end="armor 1"/></p>
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| <p>[2] <section begin="armor 2"/>[No text]<section end="armor 2"/></p>
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| <p>[3] <section begin="armor 3"/>[No text]<section end="armor 3"/></p>
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| <p>[5] <section begin="armor 5"/>[No text]<section end="armor 5"/></p>
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| <p>[6] <section begin="armor 6"/>If you want to parry every stab and strike and to take his sword because you want to attack, then take your sword in both forearmed hands, and rest the blade in your left hand at your left leg over your knee, with the point thrust downwards and with your right hand by the hilt at your chest, so that the pommel goes underneath your right armpit. Stand thus in this manner when someone steps against you and wants to attack you with the pommel. So parry his strike and lift up the sword with both your hands and reach in to strike with the blade between your hands.
 
−
 
−
And during the parry, go so that you let go of your sword and seize his sword by the hand and hilt. Pull it from his hands so that you have a sword and he doesn’t – thus in this described lesson he may not come before you and keep his sword. Yet if you want to strike him with the pommel, or you want to parry the stab but cannot take his sword, then enter for some good wrestling and push onward as I have mentioned in the other techniques.<ref>This play has a resemblance to Kal, [[Page:Cgm 1507 22v.jpg|BSB Cgm 1507, 22v]], this seems to be Hundsfeldts fourth guard.</ref><section end="armor 6"/></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:MS B.26 020r.png|20r-a}}
 
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| <p>[7] <section begin="armor 7"/>A good wrestle by means when you suffer against someone stronger, albeit armed or unarmoured. If you step in close towards him wanting to grapple with him, then drop suddenly to tackle (''zurnren an'') him down by the knee, and when he is unbalanced, then bear-hug (''vmbgreiff''<ref>Lit: “grip around”</ref>) both his legs with arm and hands, and pull them towards you, at the same time pushing him over with your head under his chest so he falls onto his back.<section end="armor 7"/></p>
 
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−
| <p>[12] <section begin="armor 12"/>A good technique indeed to a forearmed hand. When you stand infront of someone, then hold your sword in a forearmed hand and place your left leg forward, laying the blade at the leg with the point at the knee, that the point stands going down towards the ground and the pommel goes upward to your right armpit.
 
−
 
−
And stand thusly when he steps in against you, and you want to attack, so parry away during the stab with the point and whilst you parry, then step forward quickly with the right foot inside his left leg. And during both the parry and step, twist your sword around in your hand so the pommel comes in at his neck and throw him over your right leg by his left leg with the pommel over his neck. But he pulls back his left leg, and thus steps backwards, then offer him a deadly (''mortlichen'') thrust (''stoss'') with the pommel under his eyes and shall yet then do so on the right as before. Also it must be performed quickly all-at-the-same-time (''miteinander'', together): the parry away, the step behind and the pommel to the neck, then you throw him.<section end="armor 12"/></p>
 
−
| {{section|Page:MS B.26 021v.png|21v-a}}
 
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| <p>[14] <section begin="armor 14"/>The charge<ref>Lit: “run-in”</ref> from the sword: when someone wants to attack<ref>Lit: “set upon”</ref> you under the eyes, then take your sword in both hands and lift up your sword in order to lift up his with full effort, and throw your sword over his back, seize him on his left and throw him on the back.<section end="armor 14"/></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:MS B.26 021v.png|21v-c}}
 
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−
| <p>[15] <section begin="armor 15"/>A technique to an forearmed hand: when you stand with your sword and have placed your left leg foremost, as one stands when you want to pierce (''anstechen'') someone, then step in with your right foot during the stab a little bit closer so he drops and positions you so that he has you on the left side, thus let your sword move low and he has placed the same left leg forward, then place it on the ground behind that same leg and whilst you place it, push him over the sword on to his back. And this must go against him quickly indeed.<section end="armor 15"/></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:MS B.26 021v.png|21v-d}}
 
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| [[File:Cod.10799 175r.jpg|300px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cod.10799_175r.jpg]]
 
−
| <p>[20] <section begin="armor 20"/>Another wrestle from the sword: if you go in at someone and you and him both stab, such that he is the same as you, then strike his point away and run in with him and together that you both may fall. In which case, you seize him by whichever leg his has placed closest to you with an upturned arm, and with the other arm seize him by the chest, up high press him down, down low, lift up the leg and throw him on to his back.<section end="armor 20"/></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:MS B.26 022v.png|22v-a}}
 
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−
| <p>[21] <section begin="armor 21"/>A good duelling wrestle on both sides, whichever it is suitable for you to do: If you come in to wrestle with someone at the arms (joint-locking?), then seize his left hand with your right hand and pull it over your head and drive in through under his armpit and pin it behind to wrestle his left leg with your left hand. Lift him up with the back and throw him, also lift him by the left arm holding it over the head.<section end="armor 21"/></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:MS B.26 022v.png|22v-b}}
 
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| [[File:Cod.10799 179r.jpg|300px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cod.10799_179r.jpg]]
 
−
| <p>[24] <section begin="armor 24"/>A good wrestle: if someone moves, you move, and if you want to attack him, then take your sword in both hands and strike him on his sword by the point with your point, and whilst you strike, step around him and place in your arm which holds the sword at his throat to throw him over your leg on to his back by placing it behind his leg—and do it quickly.<section end="armor 24"/></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:MS B.26 023r.png|23r-a}}
 
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−
| <p>[26] <section begin="armor 26"/>A technique to forearmed hands: if you go to approach someone and you stab with him, then step in toward him quite close and parry his stab away, and step whilst you parry, allowing your sword to fall, drop down toward him at the knee, and whilst you drop then seize both his legs with both your arms and pull in towards you so that he falls onto his back.<section end="armor 26"/></p>
 
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| {{section|Page:MS B.26 023r.png|23r-c}}
 
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−
| <p>[28] <section begin="armor 28"/>An orbit<ref>Lit: “get-around”</ref> to wrestle in order to harm when in armour: when you get around someone with the sword in such a manner as you have parried him—and he does this to you as well—then pull him with your right hand by his right hand yet he has not seized yours, then pull him on the other side with your left hand by his left hand. Drive as much as you can at both sides so that if he tries to seize you, or if he does seize you, then you will seize him on whichever side he turns toward you. During the grip on his hand, step around and seize him from behind over the shoulders on his left side. Pass his hand from your hand in to your other hand and thereby hold him round the middle with the freed arm and lift him up and throw him on to his back or over one leg, thus you may withdraw from him to harm.<section end="armor 28"/></p>
 
−
| {{section|Page:MS B.26 023v.png|23v-a}}
 
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| [[File:Cod.10799 185r.jpg|300px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cod.10799_185r.jpg]]
 
−
| <p>[30] <section begin="armor 30"/>When you attempt your stab, then attend upon whichever foot he placed in front of you and stab him therein with the sword and press firmly so that he is rendered pathetic.<section end="armor 30"/></p>
 
−
| {{section|Page:MS B.26 023v.png|23v-c}}
 
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| {{paget|Page:Cod.10799|185r|jpg|blk=1}}
 
  
 
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| [[File:Cod.10799 187r.jpg|300px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cod.10799_187r.jpg]]
 
| [[File:Cod.10799 187r.jpg|300px|center|link=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cod.10799_187r.jpg]]
−
| <p>[32] <section begin="armor 32"/>[No text]<section end="armor 32"/></p>
+
| <p>[50] <section begin="armor 32"/>[No text]<section end="armor 32"/></p>
 
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| <p>[34] <section begin="armor 34"/>[No text]<section end="armor 34"/></p>
+
| <p>[51] <section begin="armor 34"/>[No text]<section end="armor 34"/></p>
 
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| <p>[35] <section begin="armor 35"/>When both come together to attack each other up high attempting to wrestle and attempting to pierce one another, then place in your sword and shove in behind to have the hold so you can safeguard yourself and also so that he can’t continue to do anything to you, but fall onto his stomach, but if it happens that he retaliates (''zorn thut das'', “that does anger him”) that you are also driven backward, such that he will also penetrate you, then draw your sword (''zuck dein schwert'') and take him by the rear hand and let your sword drop with the pommel in the ground, and pull him tightly by the hand so that he falls onto the sword or on to his belly whichever is most useful to you.<section end="armor 35"/></p>
 
−
| {{section|Page:MS B.26 025r.png|25r-a}}
 
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| {{paget|Page:Cod.10799|191r|jpg|blk=1}}
 
  
 
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|}
 
{{master end}}
 
{{master end}}
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== Temp ==
 
== Temp ==
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin

Revision as of 04:56, 31 March 2018

“Die Blume des Kampfes”
Cod.10799 287v288r.png
Author(s)
Illustrated by Unknown
Date before 1420s
Genre
Language Early New High German
State of Existence Original hypothetical; multiple
incomplete copies exist
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
MS Thott.290.2º 011r.jpg

Caution: Scribes at Work

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Die Blume des Kampfes (“The Flower of Battle”) is a nickname given to a group of three German manuscripts which share a common technical syllabus and set of illustrations.[1] It might possibly be based on the tradition of 14th century Italian master Fiore de'i Liberi, from whose treatise Fior di Battaglia it derives its nickname, given that his works include considerable overlap in technique and artwork. It is equally possible, though, that they represent a separate transmission of an older tradition of which Fiore was himself an initiate; Fiore mentions in his prefaces that he owned books on the art and he also names two older masters in his tradition, Johane Suveno and Nicholai de Toblem; it is possible that either or both of those masters authored texts which inspired both this tradition as well as Fiore's own writings.

Like Fior di Battaglia, die Blume des Kampfes treats mounted fencing, spear, poleaxe/halberd, sword (both long sword and short sword), dagger (including dagger against sword), and grappling; it also includes unique content such as armored sword and shield and dueling with long shields. In comparison to their Italic counterparts, the Germanic works place a greater emphasis on short sword fencing, doubling the number of devices, and also dwarf Fiore's own rather brief treatment of unarmored grappling. The dagger, sword, and polearm material is all more or less consistent across both traditions, and the explanatory text, though unconnected to that of Fiore, demonstrates a similar understanding or interpretation of the techniques.

Manuscripts

The oldest manuscript in the Blume des Kampfes group is the Cod. 5278, which dates to the 1420s[2] and contains only simple line drawings somewhat reminiscent of the art of Fiore de'i Liberi, though differing in many details, lacking many signature characteristics such as garters and crowns, and generally less organized than the Friulian master's work.

The second entry, included in the MS B.26, was completed in ca. 1500 by Ludwig VI von Eyb;[3] it contains a significant degree of overlap with the 5278, though both manuscripts also have a wealth of unique content. While the artwork, apart from being colored, is of similar quality, Eyb's treatise surpasses its fellow by including detailed German descriptions of the devices in most of its sections. (It cannot currently be determined whether this text was authored by Eyb or present in the sources upon which he based his work, but the rest of the material in the B.26 appears to have been unaltered from its sources.)

The final manuscript, Cod. 10799, is dated 1623 and is again text-less.[4] Unlike the previous two manuscripts, however, it is illustrated with watercolors of high quality; it is also the most extensive of the three by far, encompassing nearly every device from both works as well as a number of unique devices that suggest that it was either not derived directly from the other two known manuscripts, or that it used additional sources currently unknown to us. Additionally, where the other two include war books derived from Konrad Kyeser's famous treatise on siege warfare Bellifortis, the artist of the 10799 only included the few Bellifortis illustrations that seem to portray knights and soldiers, perhaps indicating that he did not understand what he was copying. Aside from the Blume des Kampfes material, the 10799 also has a good deal of extra content including portrayals of laying down and taking up the sword, Germanic sash wrestling, armored dagger and buckler, and the sword dance.

There is a fourth Germanic manuscript potentially connected to this tradition, the Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º. This manuscript, dating to between 1465 and 1480,[5] includes a version of Johannes Liechtenauer's Recital, a complete set of illustrations from Gladiatoria, and a brief excerpt of Bellifortis. Tucked away amidst these works are illustrations of fencing with sword, spear, ax, and dagger that parallel the teachings of the Blume des Kampfes but only occasionally replicate the artwork exactly. While this may simply be a case of an overambitious artist reinterpreting the illustrations he was copying, the differences are too many to include the manuscript in the concordance below.

Treatise

Due to the fragmentary nature of the extant texts, piecing together an authoritative version of the treatise is problematic. In this concordance, the structure laid out by the Cod. 5278 will generally be followed, as it is the oldest known text. The additional plays from MS B.26 will be arranged around this structure; the sequence in B.26 will only take precedence over that of 5278 in cases where the text dictates a sequence of plays (following the principle that text always takes precedence over illustrations). Unique plays from the Cod. 10799 will appear last in each section, since their relationship to the others is unclear.

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Additional Resources

References

  1. ↑ This group has passed unnoticed until very recently, and has not been identified in any previous work on fencing manuals; indeed, most bibliographies of German fencing manuals do not even contain all of the relevant manuscripts. Wierschin (1965) includes only the 10799, and does not appear to have examined it in any depth. Hils (1985) includes only the B.26, and characteristically attributes its content to Hans Talhoffer. Anglo (2001) mentions only the 10799, which he describes in a brief footnote as derived from the Codex Wallerstein (Cod. I.6.4º.2). Bodemer (2008) likewise only briefly mentions the B.26. Finally, Leng (2008) includes both 5278 and B.26, but without the 10799 to make their connection clear he dismisses both as redactions of the work of Fiore de'i Liberi. All four bibliographies include the Cod. guelf. 78.2 Aug. 2º, but do not attempt any explanation for the illustrations connected with this group. None of the treatments of Fiore de'i Liberi's tradition to date have attempted to address these manuscripts either.
  2. ↑ The manuscript mentions a duel between Heinrich von Ramstein and Juan de Merlo which occurred on 12 December 1428; the library catalog dates it to ca. 1420/25.
  3. ↑ The dedication on folio Ar includes the date 1500.
  4. ↑ The dedication on folio 1r states that it was begun in 1623.
  5. ↑ According to the library catalog entry.
  6. ↑ Presently, a term more commonly associated with firearms evidently originated with throwing of javelins. Schiessen means ‘shooting’, but it is also indicative of ‘throwing’, ‘launching’, ‘discharging’ etc.
  7. ↑ A similar method of holding the weapons together is found in Talhoffer.
  8. ↑ Lexer equates “Torlich” with temerarius: accidental, rash, thoughtless. I have used the term ‘spontaneous’ in order to avoid an undesirable connotation in English.
  9. ↑ Lit: “run under”, “pass under”, “undermine”
  10. ↑ This is evidently Talhoffer’s second position for throwing (MS XIX.17-3, 6r; MS 78.A.15, 10r; MS KK5342, 6r)
  11. ↑ Gewappent can mean “armed” whilst verwant can mean “relatively”.
  12. ↑ Ebers, Vol.5 (1799, 354-355) “Stecken, signifies also, to pitch, to drive or thrust in, to stick”. Pfahle stecken “to set Pales, to drive or thurst them into the ground” also referring to “auf einen Pfahl stekcen, spießen: to impale”. It also follows the implication to Plant, i.e. trees into the ground. Also consider the meanings of “einer Sache das Ziel stecken: to stop the Course of a Thing”, “ein Ziel stecken: to set an Aim or a Mark to aim at”, “sich in Noth stecken: to engage, embark or intangle in a dulle Piece of Trouble”. “Ich weiß wo es steckt: I know the Difficulty of it”. The term stëchen means to Stab, but with a driving action. Such a meaning caused it to be used variously as a synonym for tournament jousting (das turnieren), particularly in poetic works (http://woerterbuchnetz.de/Lexer/?lemid=LS07141 : WIG. SUCH. LIEHT. 71,26. VIRG. 75,5. 546,8. REINFR. B. 27113. ANTEL. 185. 87. FASN. 646,25. CHR. 4. 323,15; 9. 859,2; 10. 375,17). Talhoffer makes use of the term appealing to such chivalric epics in his exordium to Liutold von Koenigsegg. Here we see the logic for why a the sword and spear are to be taken together, as per the preliminary instructions.
  13. ↑ wîʒen stv. II. (BMZ III. 781b) beachten, bemerken s. die partic. adj. gewiʒʒen, ungewiʒʒen; mit dat. u. acc. (oder präp. umbe DIEM. BÜCHL. WALTH. WIG.) jemand einen vorwurf woraus od. weshalb machen, ihm es schuld geben, verweisen, allgem. z. b. waʒ wîʒest dû mir? RUL. 50,1. waʒ wîʒet ir mir Hildebrant? BIT. 7655. 980.waʒ wîʒet ir disem wîbe? GLAUB. 2174. daʒ ne darf man ire nicht w. GR.RUD. 21,15. vgl. noch GEN. D. 62,15. ER.6303. BÜCHL. 2,15. MSF. 40,35. 113,17. NEIDH. XXXVII, 4. XXXIX, 12. LIEHT. 48,9. TROJ. 45829 (lies im statt in). AMIS L.1937. CRAON 1720. MART. 148,79. ALBR. 1,318. 24,9. HEINR. 4041. SSP. prol. 14. mit abh. s. der vater weiʒ in, daʒ GEN.65,12; bestrafen KCHR. D. 153,29. REINH. 307,445. ENGELH. 1670. mit ent-, ge-, ver-. gt. veitan nhd. sehen (in gt. in-, fraveitan) zu skr. vid, lat. videre, gr. ἰδεῖν GSP. 321. Z. 154. CURT.3 227. FICK2 189. vgl. wiʒʒen.
  14. ↑ The Bohemian Pavise, a form of shield as shown in the illustration named after the city of Pavia, Italy. It became the quintessential duelling weapon, being featured heavily in the Weisskunig. Here it takes the German form of the noun, Pavessen. Because of its size (up to a yard wide, and four or more feet tall) it often became grouped to form a shield-wall known as a Pavisade. It also tended to be used heavily by archers in the English wars with France (Fosbroke 1843, 880)
  15. ↑ The implication seems to be that the body stands evenly, and using ponderation, the body-weight is transferred forward to take the opponent by surprise.
  16. ↑ starck aus d[er] wag, lit: “strong from the balance”, or in other words, with strength from your stance, or derived from the legs. A good example of kinetic linkage perhaps?
  17. ↑ This is evidently the Gerader Versatzung (Meyer, Rapier: 2.74r; Forgeng 2006, 195), or Kron/Crown (Hutter CGM 3711, 41r-42r; Sollinger MS 38.21.Aug.2°, 46r-47r ).
  18. ↑ This play has a resemblance to Kal, BSB Cgm 1507, 22v, this seems to be Hundsfeldts fourth guard.
  19. ↑ Lit: “grip around”
  20. ↑ Lit: “the balance on both sides”
  21. ↑ Lit: “run-in”
  22. ↑ Lit: “set upon”
  23. ↑ Lit: “get-around”
  24. ↑ ewich = entwicht, entkommt
  25. ↑ The word “fall” in some narratives is known to have been used as euphemism for dying.
  26. ↑ Typo! The writer meant "Anclitz".
  27. ↑ This same term appears in Lecküchner, Cgm 582, 130v; Cod.Pal.Germ.430, 66r; http://www.hammaborg.de/pdf/transkriptionen/leckuechner_cgm582/zabinski_mitchell_fritz_leckuchner.pdf, p378.
  28. ↑ lind = 1. mild, lieblich ; 2. geschmeidig, weich
  29. ↑ This paragraph is identical in wording (though not spelling) to folio 35r-a.
  30. ↑ This paragraph is identical in wording (though not spelling) to folio 35r-b.
  31. ↑ This one reads in the first person, much akin to dei Liberi, and is different in tone to the other instructions.
  32. ↑ This technique appears to be the logical set-up for 42v-d.
  33. ↑ Leather from deer
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