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Difference between revisions of "Francesco Fernando Alfieri"

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| [[file:La Picca (Alfieri) 13.png|400x400px|center]]
 
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| <p>On sliding the pike, and on the sword</p>
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<p>Chapter XII</p>
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<p>In this design we see the method for sliding the pike back, until it rests on your left hand near the head. The soldier finds his left flank forward, and wishing to avail himself of his arms, and not abandon them, flips over his left hand, which he must use to pass the pike over his head. With this motion he returns to his natural posture, holding the pike, and after can easily put his hand to his sword, without disordering himself by drawing it over his left arm, without moving his feet. </p>
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<p>In this way he can easily employ both of them together, to better resist, and fight with the advantage of two weapons, which is obvious to those who know how important this is, and who dedicate themselves to the military arts. However, the prudent never have their fill of practising and learning: demonstrating their strength and agility by throwing the pike in different ways, letting it slide from the point down to the butt, and extracting a thousand new discoveries, all contributing to the completeness of this art. </p>
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| {{pagetb|Page:La Picca (Francesco Fernando Alfieri) 1641.pdf|36|lbl=30}}
 
| {{pagetb|Page:La Picca (Francesco Fernando Alfieri) 1641.pdf|36|lbl=30}}
  
 
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| [[file:La Picca (Alfieri) 14.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[file:La Picca (Alfieri) 14.png|400x400px|center]]
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| <p>On the pike and sword in battle</p>
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<p>Chapter XIII</p>
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<p>Here we demonstrate the use of the pike with the sword. It takes great skill to slide the pike as needed, back and forth with your left hand, a member which itself is weak and poorly disposed, rendered able only through practice. In switching arms, you perform various slides of the pike, always staying in good order, the weapons ready to defend and attack; whether advancing and pressing the enemy, or retreating.  Nor will they impede you changing face, and executing what is suggested by good judgement and necessity, when the solider does not have to change course in these two extremes.</p>
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| {{pagetb|Page:La Picca (Francesco Fernando Alfieri) 1641.pdf|38|lbl=32}}
 
| {{pagetb|Page:La Picca (Francesco Fernando Alfieri) 1641.pdf|38|lbl=32}}
  
 
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| [[file:La Picca (Alfieri) 15.png|400x400px|center]]
 
| [[file:La Picca (Alfieri) 15.png|400x400px|center]]
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| <p>On raising the pike to your shoulder while holding your sword in hand</p>
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<p>Chapter XIV</p>
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<p>The material in this chapter reveals many new discoveries, such as simultaneously changing face and switching hands, sliding, launching the pike, and everything that constitutes the art.</p>
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<p>The present method is very proper, quick, and the surest of all. The solider finds himself as shown in the design. Wishing to raise the haft he must lift his elbow level with his shoulder. With it firmly in place he will quickly pass his hand under his neck, and he will grasp the pike by turning his palm. Then he extends his arm, and the haft falls to the ground with ostentatious grace.</p>
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| {{pagetb|Page:La Picca (Francesco Fernando Alfieri) 1641.pdf|40|lbl=34}}
 
| {{pagetb|Page:La Picca (Francesco Fernando Alfieri) 1641.pdf|40|lbl=34}}
  

Revision as of 11:42, 18 November 2020

Francesco Fernando Alfieri

Portrait from 1640
Born 16th century (?)
Died 17th century
Occupation Fencing master
Nationality Italian
Genres Fencing manual
Language Italian
Notable work(s)

Francesco Fernando Alfieri was a 17th century Italian fencing master. Little is known about his life, but Alfieri means "Ensign" which might be a military title rather than a family name. In his fencing treatise of 1640, he identifies himself as a master-at-arms to the Accademia Delia in Padua, and indicates that he had long experience at that time

In 1638, Alfieri published a treatise on flag drill entitled La Bandiera ("The Banner"). This was followed in 1640 by La Scherma ("On Fencing"), in which he treats the use of the rapier. Not content with these works, in 1641 he released La Picca ("The Pike"), which not only covers pike drill, but also includes a complete reprint of La Bandiera (complete with title page dated 1638). His treatise on rapier seems to have been especially popular, as it was reprinted in 1646 and then received a new edition in 1653 titled L’arte di ben maneggiare la spada ("The Art of Handling the Sword Well"), which not only includes the entirety of the 1640 edition, but also adds a concluding section on the spadone.

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. This passage is later self-plagiarised by Alfieri in the introduction to his treatise on the spadone of 1653.
  2. Although taken somewhat out of context, Alfieri appears to be referring to Numbers 21:8: “And the LORD said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole” (King James Bible).
  3. Here Alfieri employs a practically untranslatable idiom “tenero di sale”, which refers to a dish lacking in salt but also ironically to a foolish, naïve or credulous person. The translator has replaced this with an approximately equivalent English idiom.
  4. Note the use of fencing terminology to describe actions with the flag, which continues throughout the treatise.
  5. Montanti (singular montante) in fencing terminology refers to rising blows.
  6. Literally “totally covered”, this describes a guard or posture in which your opponent has no direct line of attack, as demonstrated for example in chapters XXV and XXXIV of Alfieri's 1640 treatise on rapier fencing.
  7. Note that this final plate is simply reused from chapter I.
  8. Again this passage is later self-plagiarised in the conclusion to Alfieri's 1653 treatise on the spadone.
  9. According to tradition Lysis of Taras was both a student of Pythagoras and teacher to Epaminondas, although since this would make him impossibly old perhaps two historical figures were conflated. Epaminondas was a renowned Theban general from whom Philip learned in his youth, as a hostage in Thebes.
  10. The braccio (plural: braccia) was an Italian pre-metric unit of measurement. Its length varied by region, although the Venetian and Paduan braccio appear to have been approximately 68.3cm. This was would make Alfieri’s pike approximately 6.12 meters (or 20 foot) long.
  11. Plate armour designed to protect the upper thighs.
  12. A type of helmet, first used by the Spanish, usually with a flat brim and a crest from front to back.