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Difference between revisions of "Andreas"

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| pseudonym            =  
 
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| birthname            =  
 
| birthname            =  
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| birthdate            = mid-15th century (?)
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| birthdate            = 15th century
 
| birthplace          =  
 
| birthplace          =  
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| deathdate            = 15th century (?)
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| deathdate            =  
 
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| movement            =  
 
| movement            =  
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| influences          = {{plainlist | [[Johannes Lecküchner]] | [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] }}
+
| influences          = {{plainlist
 +
| [[Johannes Lecküchner]]
 +
| [[Johannes Liechtenauer]]
 +
}}
 
| influenced          =  
 
| influenced          =  
  
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| principal manuscript(s)=
 
| principal manuscript(s)=
 
| first printed edition=  
 
| first printed edition=  
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| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
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| wiktenauer compilation by=
 +
| translations        = {{French translation|http://www.guerriers-avalon.org/index.php?id{{=}}docs&cat{{=}}armement&page{{=}}speyer_andreas_messer|1}}
  
 
| signature            =  
 
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| below                =  
 
}}
 
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'''Andreas''' was probably a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. He is credited with writing a comparison between the longsword teachings of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] and the [[messer]] teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]] which appears in the [[Hans von Speyer]]'s 1491 fencing anthology [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]]. Nothing else is currently known about this fencing master, though it's possibly that he is one of three other fencing masters who shared the name, [[Andres Juden]], [[Andre Liegniczer]], or [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]].
+
'''Andreas''' was probably a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. He is credited with writing a brief comparison between the long sword teachings of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]] and the Messer teachings of [[Johannes Lecküchner]], included in a 1491 manuscript compiled by [[Hans von Speyer]] ([[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]]). Nothing else is currently known about this fencing master, and he could even conceivably be [[Andres Juden]] or [[Andre Lignitzer]], both of whom were apparently German fencing masters and were active before Hans von Speyer's time ([[Andre Paurenfeyndt]] is another candidate, though his known fencing treatise wouldn't be published for another 25 years).
  
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
  
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin
−
  | title = [[Longsword]] and [[Messer]]
+
  | title = Sword and Messer
−
  | width = 76em
+
  | width = 90em
 
}}
 
}}
−
{| class="wikitable floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
! id="thin" | <p>Images<br/></p>
+
! <p>Scans<br/></p>
−
! <p>{{rating|B}}<br/>by [[Beatrix Koll]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|c}}<br/>by [[translator::Beatrix Koll]]</p>
−
! <p>Transcription<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>Transcription{{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| rowspan="5" | [[File:MS M.I.29 005r.jpg|200px|center]]
+
| rowspan="5" | [[File:MS M.I.29 005r.jpg|300px|center]]
−
| '''[1] In the Sword'''
+
| <p>[1] '''In the Sword'''</p>
−
Item. Put yourself into to '''Ox''' thus, stand with the left foot forward and hold your sword on your right side with the hilt before your head so that the short edge stands toward you and hold the point thus toward his face.  
+
 
−
| '''[5r] Im Schwertt <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
+
<p>Item. Put yourself into to '''Ox''' thus, stand with the left foot forward and hold your sword on your right side with the hilt before your head so that the short edge stands toward you and hold the point thus toward his face.</p>
−
Itm~ In den ochßen schick dich also ste mit dem lincken fus vor vnd halt din schwert vff diner rechte~ site~ mit dem gehultz fur dz haupt dz die kurtz schnide gege~ dir ste vnd halt Im den ortt also gege~ dem gesicht /
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005r.jpg|1|lbl=5r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[2]''' Item. To the left side put yourself in the Ox thus, stand with the right foot forward and hold your sword to your left side with the hilt before your head so that the long edge stands toward you and hold the point thus toward his face. This is the Ox on both sides.  
+
| <p>[2] Item. To the left side put yourself in the Ox thus, stand with the right foot forward and hold your sword to your left side with the hilt before your head so that the long edge stands toward you and hold the point thus toward his face. This is the Ox on both sides.</p>
−
| Itm~ zu der lincke~ site~ schick dich also in den ochsen ste mit dem rechte~ fus vor vnd halt din schwert zu diner lincken site~ mit dem gehultz vor dz haupt dz die lang schnid gege~ dir ste vnd halt Im den ort also gege~ dem dem gesichtt dz ist der ochß vff beÿden site~
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[3]''' Item. The two guards or stances break the '''arc strike''' and you shall find how to do so in the recital.
+
| <p>[3] Item. The two guards or stances break the '''arc strike''' and you shall find how to do so in the recital.</p>
−
| Itm~ die zwo hutte~ oder leger bricht der krümpt haulb vnd wie du den Machem solt vindestu Im zÿttell
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[4] In the Messer'''
+
| <p>[4] '''In the Messer'''</p>
−
Item. You make the two guards also in the messer and place them as with the sword, only with one hand and the other around back, and this guard or stance is named the Steer in the messer and the Ox in the sword.  
+
 
−
| '''Im Messer <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
+
<p>Item. You make the two guards also in the messer and place them as with the sword, only with one hand and the other around back, and this guard or stance is named the '''Steer''' in the messer and the Ox in the sword.</p>
−
Itm~ Im messer machstu auch die zwo hutte~ machn vnd schicken als Im schwertt sünder mit eyner hant vnd die ander vff den rucken vnd disse hu°t oder leger heist Im messer der stier vnd Im schwert der ochß
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[5]''' Item. The two guards or stances break the '''rouser strike''' and you shall find how to drive them in the recital.  
+
| <p>[5] Item. The two guards or stances break the '''rouser strike''' and you shall find how to drive them in the recital.</p>
−
| Itm~ die zwen hutte~ oder leger bricht der wecker haulb vnd wie du den tribñ oder mache~ solt vindestu Im zÿttell
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| rowspan="4" | [[File:MS M.I.29 005v.jpg|200px|center]]
+
| rowspan="4" | [[File:MS M.I.29 005v.jpg|300px|center]]
−
| '''[6] In the Sword'''
+
| <p>[6] '''In the Sword'''</p>
−
Item. The second guard is named the '''plough''', place yourself thus, set your left foot forward and hold your sword with crossed hands downward to your right with the pommel near your right hip, so that the short edge is above and the point is forward and standing toward your counterpart's face.  
+
 
−
| '''[5v] Im Schwertt <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
+
<p>Item. The second guard is named the '''plough''', place yourself thus, set your left foot forward and hold your sword with crossed hands downward to your right with the pommel near your right hip, so that the short edge is above and the point is forward and standing toward your counterpart's face.</p>
−
Itm~ die ander hütt die hiest der pflug schick dich also setz den lincke~ fus vor vnd halt din schwert mit gekrueczteñ hende~ vntersich zu diner rechte~ mit dem knopff neben diner rechte~ huefft dz die kurtz schnid oben sy vñ der ortt fursich auch steñ dem mañ gegen dem gesichtt
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005v.jpg|1|lbl=5v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[7]''' Item. On the left side place yourself into the plough thus, set your right foot forward and hold your sword near your left side downward near your left hip so that the long edge is wended above and the point stands upward toward the counterpart's face.  
+
| <p>[7] Item. On the left side place yourself into the plough thus, set your right foot forward and hold your sword near your left side downward near your left hip so that the long edge is wended above and the point stands upward toward the counterpart's face.</p>
−
| Itm~ zu der lincken site~ schick dich also in den pflug setz den rechte~ fus vor vnd halt din schwertt neben diner lincke~ site~ vnder sich zu diner lincke~ hueff dz die lang schnid oben gewant sÿ vnd der ortt vber sich ste dem man gege~ dem gesichtt
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[8]''' Item. The two stances or guards break the '''glancer strike''' and you shall find how to drive or make them described in the recital.
+
| <p>[8] Item. The two stances or guards break the '''glancer strike''' and you shall find how to drive or make them described in the recital.</p>
−
| Itm~ die zwÿn leger oder hu°tte~ bricht der schiller haulb vnd wie du den tribñ oder machen solt vindestu Im zyettell geschriben
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[9] In the Messer'''
+
| <p>[9] '''In the Messer'''</p>
−
Item. In the messer the stances or the two guards are named the boar and place yourself thus: Set your left foot forward and hold your messer near your right leg on the right side with the hilt near your hip so that the blunt side stands above and the point stands out before you into the counterpart's face.
+
 
−
| '''Im Messer <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
+
<p>Item. In the messer the stances or the two guards are named the '''boar''' and place yourself thus: Set your left foot forward and hold your messer near your right leg on the right side with the hilt near your hip so that the blunt side stands above and the point stands out before you into the counterpart's face.</p>
−
Itm~ Im messer heissent die leger oder die zwo hutte~ der Eber vnd schick dich also Setz dinen lincke~ fus vor vnd halt din messer by dem rechte~ peyn vff der rechte~ site~ mit dem gehultz neben der huff dz die '''[6r]''' stumpf schnide oben ste vnd der ortt fur sich vff ste dem man zu dem gesichtt
+
|
 +
{{section|page:MS M.I.29 005v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|1|lbl=6r|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| rowspan="5" | [[File:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|200px|center]]
+
| rowspan="5" | [[File:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|300px|center]]
−
| '''[10]''' Item. The two stances or guards break the '''restrainer''' and you shall find how afterward in the recital.
+
| <p>[10] Item. The two stances or guards break the '''restrainer''' and you shall find how afterward in the recital.</p>
−
| Itm~ die zwÿn leger oder hutte~ brichtt der zwinger vnd wie du den machen soltt vindestu In zÿttell
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[11] In the Sword'''
+
| <p>[11] '''In the Sword'''</p>
−
Item. The third guard or stance is '''from the roof''', place yourself thus, set your left foot forward and hold your sword up high with arms stretched above your head and the long edge forward and let the point hang a little back and stand thus in guard.  
+
 
−
| '''Im Schwertt  <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
+
<p>Item. The third guard or stance is '''from the roof''', place yourself thus, set your left foot forward and hold your sword up high with arms stretched above your head and the long edge forward and let the point hang a little back and stand thus in guard.</p>
−
Itm~ die drytt hu°t oder leger Ist vom tage schick dich also setz den lincken fus for vnd halt din schwert hoch vff mit gestreckten armen vber din haupt vnd die lang schnid fur vnd laß den ortt eyn wenig zu° ru<sup>e</sup>ck hange~ vnd ste also in der hu°tt
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[12]''' Item. The guard or stance breaks the '''thwart strike''' and you shall find how to do so described in the recital.  
+
| <p>[12] Item. The guard or stance breaks the '''thwart strike''' and you shall find how to do so described in the recital.</p>
−
| Itm~ die Hu°t oder leger bricht der zwu°re haulb vnd wie du den machen solt vindest Im zÿttell geschriben
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[13] In the Messer'''
+
| <p>[13] '''In the Messer'''</p>
−
Item. In the messer this guard or stance is named '''Look into Land''' and place yourself thus, set your left foot forward and hold your messer up with straight arm high before your head and the long or sharp edge standing forward and stand thus in guard.
+
 
−
| '''Im Messer <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
+
<p>Item. In the messer this guard or stance is named '''Look into Land''' and place yourself thus, set your left foot forward and hold your messer up with straight arm high before your head and the long or sharp edge standing forward and stand thus in guard.</p>
−
Itm~ Im messer ist die Hu°t oder leger genãt lügginßlantt vnd schick dich also setz dinen lincke~ fus vor vnd halt din messer mit vff gereckte~ armen hoch vor din haupt vnd die lang oder scharff schnid fur ste vnd ste also in der hu°t
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
| <p>[14] Item. This guard or stance breaks the strike named the '''shock strike''' in the messer.</p>
 +
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[14]''' Item. This guard or stance breaks the strike named the '''shock strike''' in the messer.
+
| rowspan="5" | [[File:MS M.I.29 006v.jpg|300px|center]]
−
| Itm~ die hu°t oder leger bricht der haulb der do heißt im messer der Entriesch haulb
+
| <p>[15] '''In the Sword'''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Item. The fourth guard or stance in the sword is named the '''fool''', place yourself in it thus, set your left foot forward and hold your sword before you with straight arms and the point toward the ground so that the short edge is above.</p>
 +
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006v.jpg|1|lbl=6v}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| rowspan="5" | [[File:MS M.I.29 006v.jpg|200px|center]]
+
| <p>[16] Item. Many masters say that this guard is named the '''iron door''' and indeed it is one guard.</p>
−
| '''[15] In the Sword'''
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
−
Item. The fourth guard or stance in the sword is named the '''fool''', place yourself in it thus, set your left foot forward and hold your sword before you with straight arms and the point toward the ground so that the short edge is above.  
 
−
| '''[6v] Im Schwert <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
 
−
Item die vierd hut oder leger Im schwertt der do heißt der alber In den schick dich also setz den lincke~ fus vor vnd halt diñ schwert mit gestrackte~ armeñ vor dir mit dem ortt vff der erde~ dz die kurtz schnide oben sy <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[16]''' Item. Many masters say that this guard is named the '''iron door''' and indeed it is one guard.  
+
| <p>[17] Item. The guard or stance breaks the '''vertex strike''' and you shall find how to do or drive it in the recital.</p>
−
| Itm~ yttlich meinster <del>d</del> sprachen dz der leger heiß die ysen pfortt vnd ist doch eyn leger <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[17]''' Item. The guard or stance breaks the '''vertex strike''' and you shall find how to do or drive it in the recital.
+
| <p>[18] '''In the Messer'''</p>
−
| Itm~ die hut oder die leger brichtt der schÿttler haulb vnd wie du den machñ oder tribent solt vindest Im zyttell <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>
+
 
 +
<p>Item. The fourth guard or stance in the messer is named the '''bastion''', place yourself in it thus, set your left foot forward and hold your messer before you with outstretched arm with the point toward the ground so that the short edge stands above.</p>
 +
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[18] In the Messer'''
+
| <p>[19] Item. This guard or stance breaks the strike called the '''vertex strike''' and how to drive the elements from the four strikes you will find described in the recital. Guard yourself around them.</p>
−
Item. The fourth guard or stance in the messer is named the bastion, place yourself in it thus, set your left foot forward and hold your messer before you with outstretched arm with the point toward the ground so that the short edge stands above.
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 006v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
−
| '''Im Messer <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
 
−
Itm~ die vierd hut oder leger Im messer der heisßt die pasteÿ schick dich In die also setz dine~ lincke~ fus vor vnd halt din messer mit gestrackte~ arm vor dir mit dem ortt vff der erde~ dz die kurtz schnid oben ste <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[19]''' Item. This guard or stance breaks the strike called the '''vertex strike''' and how to drive the elements from the four strikes you will find described in the recital. Guard yourself around them.  
+
| class="noline" rowspan="5" | [[File:MS M.I.29 007r.jpg|300px|center]]
−
| Itm~ die hut oder der leger Im messer bricht der schyttler haulb vnd wie du die stuck vß den vier haulben triben solt vindestu als Im zÿttell geschribe~ darümb hut dich
+
| <p>[20] '''Magister Andreas'''</p>
 +
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 007r.jpg|1|lbl=7r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| rowspan="3" | [[File:MS M.I.29 007r.jpg|200px|center]]
+
|  
−
| '''[20] Magister Andreas'''
+
[21] In the Sword -- In the Messer
−
In the Sword -- In the Messer  
 
  
 
Wrath Strike -- Wrath Strike
 
Wrath Strike -- Wrath Strike
  
−
Thwart Strike -- Shock Strike  
+
Thwart Strike -- Shock Strike
  
−
Arc Strike -- Restrainer / waver strike  
+
Arc Strike -- Restrainer / waver strike
  
 
Vertex Strike -- Vertex or threat strike
 
Vertex Strike -- Vertex or threat strike
−
| '''[7r] Magister <span style="color:#A40000">/</span> Andreas <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
−
{| class="wikitable"
 
−
|-
 
−
| colspan="2" | '''Im Schwertt <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
 
−
| colspan="2" | '''Im Messer <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
 
−
 
 
−
|-
 
−
| Zorn Haulb
 
−
| valign="center" rowspan=4 | Haulb
 
−
| Zorn Haulb
 
−
| valign="center" rowspan=4 | Haulb
 
−
 
 
−
|-
 
−
| Zwu<sup>e</sup>er H || Entru<sup>e</sup>sch
 
−
 
 
−
|-
 
−
| Krümpt || Zwinger / wincker
 
−
 
 
−
|-
 
−
| Schyttler || Schyttler <del>oder gefer</del><sup>vñgeferr</sup>
 
−
|}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| Ox Guard or Stance -- The Steer guard or stance
+
|  
−
Plough guard or stance -- The Boar guard or stance
+
[22] In the Sword -- In the Messer
  
−
Fool or the Iron Door Guard or Stance -- The Bastion guard or stance  
+
Ox Guard or Stance -- The Steer guard or stance
  
−
From the roof guard or stance -- Look into Land guard or stance  
+
Plough guard or stance -- The Boar guard or stance
−
|
 
−
{| class="wikitable"
 
−
|-
 
−
| colspan="3" | '''Im Schwertt <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
 
−
| colspan="2" | '''Im Messer <span style="color:#A40000">/</span>'''
 
  
−
|-
+
Fool or the Iron Door Guard or Stance  -- The Bastion guard or stance
−
| valign="center" rowspan="4" | {{nowrap|Hu°t}}
 
−
|  | Ochß
 
−
| valign="center" rowspan="4" | oder leger
 
−
|  | Der Stier
 
−
| valign="center" rowspan="4" | Hut ode~ leger
 
  
−
|-
+
From the roof guard or stance -- Look into Land guard or stance
−
| | Pflug  || Der Eber 
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 007r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
−
<del>Luginslant</del>
 
  
−
|-
+
|-  
−
| Alber oder in der yßen pfortt
+
| <p>[23]</p>
−
| | Die pasteÿ
+
| {{section|page:MS M.I.29 007r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
−
 
 
−
|-
 
−
| Vom tag || Luginsßlant
 
−
|}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
−
| '''[21]'''
+
| class="noline" | <p>[24]</p>
−
| Itm~ wie du die vier haulb tribñ solt gege~ den vier hutte~ oder leger vindestu do vorn geschribñ darünb Hutt dich
+
| class="noline" | {{section|page:MS M.I.29 007r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
−
<u>Frisch vff mir vnd dir</u>
 
  
 
|}
 
|}
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  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title=  
 
  | source title=  
−
  | license    = permission
+
  | license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
  | work        = Translation
 
  | work        = Translation
−
  | authors    = [[Beatrix Koll]]
+
  | authors    = [[translator::Beatrix Koll]]
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source link =  
 
  | source title=  
 
  | source title=  
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[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Messer]]
 
[[Category:Messer]]
 +
 +
[[Category:Minor Translation]]
 +
 +
[[Category:New format]]

Latest revision as of 04:25, 18 December 2022

Andreas
Born 15th century
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Manuscript(s) MS M.I.29 (1491)
Translations Traduction française

Andreas was probably a 15th century German fencing master. He is credited with writing a brief comparison between the long sword teachings of Johannes Liechtenauer and the Messer teachings of Johannes Lecküchner, included in a 1491 manuscript compiled by Hans von Speyer (MS M.I.29). Nothing else is currently known about this fencing master, and he could even conceivably be Andres Juden or Andre Lignitzer, both of whom were apparently German fencing masters and were active before Hans von Speyer's time (Andre Paurenfeyndt is another candidate, though his known fencing treatise wouldn't be published for another 25 years).

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

Early Germanic Traditions
Common Fencing Johannes Liechtenauer reversed.jpg
Wrestling
Liechtenauer
Tradition
Beringer Verse
Augsburg Tradition
Other Works
Fabris Tradition
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