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Difference between revisions of "Martin Syber"
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| − | '''Martin Syber''' (Mertin Siber, Martein Syber) was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. Hardly anything is known of Syber beyond his ''New Zettel'' ("New [[ | + | '''Martin Syber''' (Mertin Siber, Martein Syber) was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. Hardly anything is known of Syber beyond his ''New Zettel'' ("New [[Zettel|Record]]"). His surname signifies that he came from a family of sieve makers, but gives us no indication of his birthplace. According to Syber's own account, he learned the art from a variety of masters from across Europe, including men from Bohemia, Brabant (or possibly Provence), England, France, Germany, Greece, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Prussia, Russia, and Swabia. The inclusion of his epitome in [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Codex Speyer]] and the [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Fechtbuch]] suggests a connection to the tradition of [[Johannes Liechtenauer]], and his mention of an "earlier epitome" may be a reference to that of Liechtenauer; however, Syber does not appear on the roll of the Society of Liechtenauer recorded by [[Paulus Kal]] in ca. 1470,<ref>[[Paulus Kal|Kal, Paulus]]. Untitled [manuscript]. [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1507]]. Munich, Germany: [[Bayerische Staatsbibliothek]], 1470.</ref> so the extent of his relationship is unclear. |
Syber's epitome comes in the form a cryptic poem, perhaps intended to convey the essence of the art to those who already knew it. Unfortunately, no [[gloss]] is currently known to exist for Syber's verse, so its meaning is difficult to decipher. Conversely, it is worth noting that the 16th century [[Freifechter]] [[Joachim Meÿer]] not only possessed a copy of Syber's verse (which he copied into [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|his final manuscript]]),<ref>[[Joachim Meÿer|Meÿer, Joachim]]. ''Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss'' [manuscript]. [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Varia 82]]. Rostock, Germany: [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]], 1570.</ref> but also employed much of the master's unique terminology in his own teachings. Meÿer may thus hold the key to interpreting Syber's techniques. | Syber's epitome comes in the form a cryptic poem, perhaps intended to convey the essence of the art to those who already knew it. Unfortunately, no [[gloss]] is currently known to exist for Syber's verse, so its meaning is difficult to decipher. Conversely, it is worth noting that the 16th century [[Freifechter]] [[Joachim Meÿer]] not only possessed a copy of Syber's verse (which he copied into [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|his final manuscript]]),<ref>[[Joachim Meÿer|Meÿer, Joachim]]. ''Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss'' [manuscript]. [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|MS Varia 82]]. Rostock, Germany: [[Universitätsbibliothek Rostock]], 1570.</ref> but also employed much of the master's unique terminology in his own teachings. Meÿer may thus hold the key to interpreting Syber's techniques. | ||
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! style="width:3em;" | | ! style="width:3em;" | | ||
| − | ! <p>{{translation rating|B}}<br/>Christian Trosclair</p> | + | ! <p>{{translation rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p> |
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491)<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491)<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
! <p>[[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Version]] (1508)<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ! <p>[[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Version]] (1508)<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
| − | | '''[1] {{red|Item. The hereafter written new recital was created and set-down by master Martin Siber and is pulled from many master techniques and is paritioned and set-down in six courses}}''' | + | | <p>'''[1] {{red|Item. The hereafter written new recital was created and set-down by master Martin Siber and is pulled from many master techniques and is paritioned and set-down in six courses}}'''</p> |
| − | | '''[1r] {{red|Item dy<sup>e</sup> hernach geschriebenn nüwe zettell hat gemacht vnd gesetz meinster mertin Siber}}''' vnd ist <sup>ein</sup> zuck auß mangerley meinster gefechtenn vnd ist geteiltt vnd gesetz In sechs geng | + | | <p>'''[1r] {{red|Item dy<sup>e</sup> hernach geschriebenn nüwe zettell hat gemacht vnd gesetz meinster mertin Siber}}''' vnd ist<sup> ein </sup>zuck auß mangerley meinster gefechtenn vnd ist geteiltt vnd gesetz In sechs geng</p> |
| − | | '''[24v] {{red|Hernach geschribn ist ain newe zetl des langen schwerts vnd ein außzug aus der voringen zetl / vnd vil ander guetter stuck võ manches maisters handt / die hat zu samen gesetzt maister Martein Syber vnd ist getailt in segs geng /}}''' | + | | <p>'''[24v] {{red|Hernach geschribn ist ain newe zetl des langen schwerts vnd ein außzug aus der voringen zetl / vnd vil ander guetter stuck võ manches maisters handt / die hat zu samen gesetzt maister Martein Syber vnd ist getailt in segs geng /}}'''</p> |
| − | | '''[39v] Das hernach geschribenn ist ein newe zetel''' des lannegnn schwerts und ein auszug aus der vorigenn zetelnn, und vil annder guten stuck, von manches meisters handt, die hat zusamen gesetzt meister Merten Siber, unnd ist getailt in sechs geng, | + | | <p>'''[39v] Das hernach geschribenn ist ein newe zetel''' des lannegnn schwerts und ein auszug aus der vorigenn zetelnn, und vil annder guten stuck, von manches meisters handt, die hat zusamen gesetzt meister Merten Siber, unnd ist getailt in sechs geng,</p> |
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
| − | | '''[2]''' And in the recital the ox and the plow and scalper-hew is not as in the first recital of the book. Rather another interpretation. | + | | <p>'''[2]''' And in the recital the ox and the plow and scalper-hew is not as in the first recital of the book. Rather another interpretation.</p> |
| − | | Vnd in der zittell ist der ochß vnd der pflug vnd scheyttell haulb nicht also als in der ersten zettell des puchs Sunder eyñ ander vß legüng | + | | <p>Vnd in der zittell ist der ochß vnd der pflug vnd scheyttell haulb nicht also als in der ersten zettell des puchs Sunder eyñ ander vß legüng</p> |
| − | | Vnd der ochß vnd der pflueg darin genant mit sambt ettlichen hewen hat ain ander art vnd auslegung da in der voringen zetl vnd gett auch anderst zu / | + | | <p>Vnd der ochß vnd der pflueg darin genant mit sambt ettlichen hewen hat ain ander art vnd auslegung da in der voringen zetl vnd gett auch anderst zu /</p> |
| − | | Unnd der Ochs und Pflug darin genent, mit sämpt etlichen hewenn, hat ein annder artt, unnd auslegung dan in der vogemelten zetelenn unnd gehet auch anders zu. | + | | <p>Unnd der Ochs und Pflug darin genent, mit sämpt etlichen hewenn, hat ein annder artt, unnd auslegung dan in der vogemelten zetelenn unnd gehet auch anders zu.</p> |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | <br/><br/> | + | | <p> <br/><br/></p> |
<poem><small>[1]</small> | <poem><small>[1]</small> | ||
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<small>[30]</small></poem> | <small>[30]</small></poem> | ||
| − | | '''[3] {{red|Now here begins the forward and lessons of the recital, thereafter the six courses.}}''' | + | | <p>'''[3] {{red|Now here begins the forward and lessons of the recital, thereafter the six courses.}}'''</p> |
<poem>{{red|Whoever wishes to acquire honor}} | <poem>{{red|Whoever wishes to acquire honor}} | ||
:{{red|Before princes and before lords}} | :{{red|Before princes and before lords}} | ||
{{red|In fencing with the}} sword, | {{red|In fencing with the}} sword, | ||
| − | That is good and proper | + | :That is good and proper |
That follow my lessons | That follow my lessons | ||
| − | They triumph continually. | + | :They triumph continually. |
Hold the six courses in guard | Hold the six courses in guard | ||
| − | They are quite praiseworthily good | + | :They are quite praiseworthily good |
In them is well understood | In them is well understood | ||
| − | Many good masters' wisdom | + | :Many good masters' wisdom |
From Hungary, Bohemia, Italy, | From Hungary, Bohemia, Italy, | ||
| − | From France, England, and Alamannia, | + | :From France, England, and Alamannia, |
From Russia, Prussia, Greece, | From Russia, Prussia, Greece, | ||
| − | Holland, Provence, and Swabia. | + | :Holland, Provence, and Swabia. |
In them, you shall step left | In them, you shall step left | ||
| − | Thereby remember the misguiding | + | :Thereby remember the misguiding |
Penetrate strongly in thrusting | Penetrate strongly in thrusting | ||
| − | So you may well succeed | + | :So you may well succeed |
If you see the window standing open | If you see the window standing open | ||
| − | Enter it from there | + | :Enter it from there |
Strike or thrust quickly | Strike or thrust quickly | ||
| − | So you may fall hard | + | :So you may fall hard |
Into the work, in that, step. | Into the work, in that, step. | ||
| − | That makes-good<ref>mitmachen</ref> the first-pass<ref>ehegefährt</ref> | + | :That makes-good<ref>mitmachen</ref> the first-pass<ref>ehegefährt</ref> |
If you now wish to undertake this, | If you now wish to undertake this, | ||
| − | You must have a strong spirit | + | :You must have a strong spirit |
Proper understanding is also good | Proper understanding is also good | ||
| − | Guard yourself from great wrath | + | :Guard yourself from great wrath |
To such, bring the parrying to them. | To such, bring the parrying to them. | ||
| − | Through that, you may well succeed. | + | :Through that, you may well succeed. |
In all of your fencing, be swift. | In all of your fencing, be swift. | ||
| − | This forward has an end.</poem> | + | :This forward has an end.</poem> |
| − | | Nu hebt sich an dy vor rede vnd lere der zettell dar noch die sechß genng ~ | + | | <p>Nu hebt sich an dy vor rede vnd lere der zettell dar noch die sechß genng ~</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|b=1|Wer ere will erwerbenn}} | <poem>{{red|b=1|Wer ere will erwerbenn}} | ||
{{red|b=1|vor furstenn vnd vor herenn}} | {{red|b=1|vor furstenn vnd vor herenn}} | ||
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In allem dinem vechten biß behende | In allem dinem vechten biß behende | ||
dÿ vor lere hat ein ende ~</poem> | dÿ vor lere hat ein ende ~</poem> | ||
| − | | {{red|b=1|Hie hebt sich die vorred an der selben newen zetl /}}<br/><br/> | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Hie hebt sich die vorred an der selben newen zetl /}}<br/><br/></p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Wer ere wil erwerben | <poem>Wer ere wil erwerben | ||
vor fu~rsten vnd vor herren / | vor fu~rsten vnd vor herren / | ||
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In allen deine~ vechtñ piß ehent / | In allen deine~ vechtñ piß ehent / | ||
die vorred hat hie ein endt /</poem> | die vorred hat hie ein endt /</poem> | ||
| − | | '''[40r] Hie hebt sich an die vorrede de selbenn neuenn zetelnn,''' | + | | <p>'''[40r] Hie hebt sich an die vorrede de selbenn neuenn zetelnn,'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Wer ehr will erwerben, | <poem>Wer ehr will erwerben, | ||
vor fürsen und vor hernn, | vor fürsen und vor hernn, | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| − | | < | + | | <p> </p> |
| + | |||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
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<small>[40]</small></poem> | <small>[40]</small></poem> | ||
| − | | '''[4] {{red|The First Course Has Five Devices}}''' | + | | <p>'''[4] {{red|The First Course Has Five Devices}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Speed}} the weak to the right | <poem>{{red|Speed}} the weak to the right | ||
| − | Wind through in the fencing | + | :Wind through in the fencing |
With that, make the Flicker | With that, make the Flicker | ||
| − | Double to both sides | + | :Double to both sides |
Turn away his shield | Turn away his shield | ||
| − | The bow, clash<ref>punch, shove, push, collide</ref>, strike, slip away | + | :The bow, clash<ref>punch, shove, push, collide</ref>, strike, slip away |
In all work, step around | In all work, step around | ||
| − | Clash with the proper<ref>upright</ref> bow.</poem> | + | :Clash with the proper<ref>upright</ref> bow.</poem> |
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der erst gangck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der erst gangck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Snell}} dy swech züm rechten | <poem>{{red|Snell}} dy swech züm rechten | ||
Durch wind im vechtenn | Durch wind im vechtenn | ||
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In aller arbeit vmb tritt | In aller arbeit vmb tritt | ||
Den rechtenn bogenn stos mitt</poem> | Den rechtenn bogenn stos mitt</poem> | ||
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der Erst ganck hat funff Stück}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der Erst ganck hat funff Stück}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Schnel die schwech zwm rechten / | <poem>Schnel die schwech zwm rechten / | ||
durch wint im fechtn / | durch wint im fechtn / | ||
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In aller arbait vmb tritt | In aller arbait vmb tritt | ||
den rechtñ pogen stos mit /</poem> | den rechtñ pogen stos mit /</poem> | ||
| − | | '''Der erst ganng hat funf stuck.''' | + | | <p>'''Der erst ganng hat funf stuck.'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Schnel die schwech zum rechten, | <poem>Schnel die schwech zum rechten, | ||
durchwind im fechtenn. | durchwind im fechtenn. | ||
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--><section begin="Krumphaw"/> | --><section begin="Krumphaw"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | < | + | | <p> </p> |
| + | |||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
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<small>[50]</small></poem> | <small>[50]</small></poem> | ||
| − | | '''[5] {{red|The Second Course Has Six Devices}}''' | + | | <p>'''[5] {{red|The Second Course Has Six Devices}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Curve}} into the strong | <poem>{{red|Curve}} into the strong | ||
| − | With that remember to wind through | + | :With that remember to wind through |
Wind running over | Wind running over | ||
| − | Ready the point and pommel | + | :Ready the point and pommel |
Thrust him to the face | Thrust him to the face | ||
| − | Work its cross, fence with | + | :Work its cross, fence with |
It's directed <ref>carried, transferred, brought across or over</ref>pommel, should you think of that | It's directed <ref>carried, transferred, brought across or over</ref>pommel, should you think of that | ||
| − | Upon the head, if you would like to harm him | + | :Upon the head, if you would like to harm him |
In all work, step around | In all work, step around | ||
| − | This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> | + | :This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> |
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der ander ganck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der ander ganck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Krümb}} in dy sterck | <poem>{{red|Krümb}} in dy sterck | ||
Durch wind mit merck | Durch wind mit merck | ||
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In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | ||
dz egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | dz egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | ||
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der ander gang hat sechs stuck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der ander gang hat sechs stuck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Krumb in die sterck / | <poem>Krumb in die sterck / | ||
durch wint da mit merck / | durch wint da mit merck / | ||
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In aller arbait vnd trit / | In aller arbait vnd trit / | ||
das egefert mach mit /</poem> | das egefert mach mit /</poem> | ||
| − | | '''[40v] Der ander gang hat Sechs Stuck.''' | + | | <p>'''[40v] Der ander gang hat Sechs Stuck.'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Krump in die sterck, | <poem>Krump in die sterck, | ||
durchwend mit merck. | durchwend mit merck. | ||
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--><section end="Krumphaw"/><section begin="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Schilhaw"/> | --><section end="Krumphaw"/><section begin="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Schilhaw"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | < | + | | <p> </p> |
| + | |||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
| Line 359: | Line 373: | ||
<small>[60]</small></poem> | <small>[60]</small></poem> | ||
| − | | '''[6] {{red|The Third Course Has Seven Devices}}''' | + | | <p>'''[6] {{red|The Third Course Has Seven Devices}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Squint whatever}} comes {{red|from-the-day}} | <poem>{{red|Squint whatever}} comes {{red|from-the-day}} | ||
| − | Thwart-through, do not go curved | + | :Thwart-through, do not go curved |
Therein dishounor his struggle | Therein dishounor his struggle | ||
| − | The half-squinter makes-good | + | :The half-squinter makes-good |
Take away quite swiftly | Take away quite swiftly | ||
| − | Threaten the hew against him | + | :Threaten the hew against him |
Drive out the shield strongly from him | Drive out the shield strongly from him | ||
| − | Defeat him with running-over | + | :Defeat him with running-over |
In the strong of his edge | In the strong of his edge | ||
| − | In all work, step around | + | :In all work, step around |
This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> | This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> | ||
| − | | '''[2r] {{red|Der tritt ganck}}''' | + | | <p>'''[2r] {{red|Der tritt ganck}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Schil wz von tag}} kümpt | <poem>{{red|Schil wz von tag}} kümpt | ||
Durch zwirch gein nit krümpt | Durch zwirch gein nit krümpt | ||
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In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | ||
dz egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | dz egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | ||
| − | | '''[25r] {{red|Der trit gang hat Syben Stück}}''' | + | | <p>'''[25r] {{red|Der trit gang hat Syben Stück}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Schil was vom tag kumbt / | <poem>Schil was vom tag kumbt / | ||
durchwirchgen nit frümbt / | durchwirchgen nit frümbt / | ||
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in aller arbait vmbtritt / | in aller arbait vmbtritt / | ||
das egefert mach auch mit /</poem> | das egefert mach auch mit /</poem> | ||
| − | | '''Der drit ganzg hat Sieben stuchk.''' | + | | <p>'''Der drit ganzg hat Sieben stuchk.'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Schil was vom tak kumbt, | <poem>Schil was vom tak kumbt, | ||
durchzwirch gem nit frumbt. | durchzwirch gem nit frumbt. | ||
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--><section end="Schilhaw"/><section end="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Scheitelhaw"/> | --><section end="Schilhaw"/><section end="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Scheitelhaw"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | < | + | | <p> </p> |
| + | |||
<poem> | <poem> | ||
<small>[65]</small></poem> | <small>[65]</small></poem> | ||
| − | | '''[7] {{red|The Fourth Course Has Five Devices}}''' | + | | <p>'''[7] {{red|The Fourth Course Has Five Devices}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Push through {{red|the Ox}} | <poem>Push through {{red|the Ox}} | ||
| − | With two great steps | + | :With two great steps |
Wind and counter wind | Wind and counter wind | ||
| − | Make the scalper-hew disappear | + | :Make the scalper-hew disappear |
wind the hitter, strike quickly | wind the hitter, strike quickly | ||
| − | In the belly and upon the neck | + | :In the belly and upon the neck |
In all work, step around | In all work, step around | ||
| − | This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> | + | :This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> |
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der virdt ganck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der virdt ganck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Den ochßenn}} durch stos | <poem>{{red|Den ochßenn}} durch stos | ||
Mitt zwienn schrittenn groß | Mitt zwienn schrittenn groß | ||
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In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | ||
daß egeuertt mach mitt ~</poem> | daß egeuertt mach mitt ~</poem> | ||
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der viert gang hat fünff Stück}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der viert gang hat fünff Stück}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Den ochsen durch stoß / | <poem>Den ochsen durch stoß / | ||
mit zweÿen schrittñ groß / | mit zweÿen schrittñ groß / | ||
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in aller arbait vmb reyt | in aller arbait vmb reyt | ||
das egefert mach mit /</poem> | das egefert mach mit /</poem> | ||
| − | | '''Der vierd ganng hat fünf stuck''' | + | | <p>'''Der vierd ganng hat fünf stuck'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Den Ochsen durchstos, | <poem>Den Ochsen durchstos, | ||
mit zwei schriten groß, | mit zwei schriten groß, | ||
| Line 452: | Line 475: | ||
--><section end="Scheitelhaw"/> | --><section end="Scheitelhaw"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | < | + | | <p> </p> |
| + | |||
<poem><small>[70]</small> | <poem><small>[70]</small> | ||
| Line 459: | Line 483: | ||
<small>[75]</small></poem> | <small>[75]</small></poem> | ||
| − | | '''[8] {{red|The Fifth Course Has Five Devices}}''' | + | | <p>'''[8] {{red|The Fifth Course Has Five Devices}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Thrust {{red|through}} the long point | <poem>Thrust {{red|through}} the long point | ||
| − | Pull, thrust again, then kill | + | :Pull, thrust again, then kill |
Allow the blind-hew to bounce | Allow the blind-hew to bounce | ||
| − | So you may go careening well | + | :So you may go careening well |
Hang against, also quickly | Hang against, also quickly | ||
| − | Step behind, rebound | + | :Step behind, rebound |
Upon the head, into the belly | Upon the head, into the belly | ||
| − | So you make a right fool out of him | + | :So you make a right fool out of him |
In all work, step around | In all work, step around | ||
| − | This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> | + | :This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> |
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der funfft ganck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der funfft ganck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Durch}} stich den langenn ortt | <poem>{{red|Durch}} stich den langenn ortt | ||
Zu°ck wider stich denn mortt | Zu°ck wider stich denn mortt | ||
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In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | ||
Das egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | Das egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | ||
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der fünff gangk hat fu~nff stuck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der fünff gangk hat fu~nff stuck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Durch schreich den langen orth / | <poem>Durch schreich den langen orth / | ||
zuck wider stich den mort / | zuck wider stich den mort / | ||
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in aller arbait vmb trit / | in aller arbait vmb trit / | ||
das egefert mach mit</poem> | das egefert mach mit</poem> | ||
| − | | '''Der fünft gang hat fünf stuck.''' | + | | <p>'''Der fünft gang hat fünf stuck.'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Durchstreich denn lanngenn ort, | <poem>Durchstreich denn lanngenn ort, | ||
zuck, wider stich dann mordt. | zuck, wider stich dann mordt. | ||
| Line 505: | Line 533: | ||
--><section begin="Twerhaw"/> | --><section begin="Twerhaw"/> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | < | + | | <p> </p> |
| + | |||
<poem><small>[80]</small> | <poem><small>[80]</small> | ||
| Line 512: | Line 541: | ||
<small>[85]</small></poem> | <small>[85]</small></poem> | ||
| − | | '''[9] {{red|The Sixth Course has Four Devices}}''' | + | | <p>'''[9] {{red|The Sixth Course has Four Devices}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|From-the-Day}} Travel-through long | <poem>{{red|From-the-Day}} Travel-through long | ||
| − | Protect yourself with winding<ref>entwining, turning-away</ref> | + | :Protect yourself with winding<ref>entwining, turning-away</ref> |
Thwart-through him quite quickly | Thwart-through him quite quickly | ||
| − | Rebound the blind-hew | + | :Rebound the blind-hew |
Then point-hew into his chest | Then point-hew into his chest | ||
| − | After all of your ruin. | + | :After all of your ruin. |
In all work, step around | In all work, step around | ||
| − | This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> | + | :This makes-good the first-pass.</poem> |
| − | | {{red|b=1|Der sechst ganck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Der sechst ganck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>{{red|Vom tag}} lang durch var | <poem>{{red|Vom tag}} lang durch var | ||
Mit verwindenn dich bewar | Mit verwindenn dich bewar | ||
| Line 530: | Line 561: | ||
In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | In aller arbeitt vmb tritt | ||
Daß egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | Daß egeuertt mach mitt</poem> | ||
| − | | {{red|b=1|Das sechs ganck hatt vier stuck}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Das sechs ganck hatt vier stuck}}</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Vom tag lang dürch far / | <poem>Vom tag lang dürch far / | ||
mit verwinten dich bewar / | mit verwinten dich bewar / | ||
| Line 539: | Line 571: | ||
in aller arbait vmb tritt | in aller arbait vmb tritt | ||
des egefert mach mit /</poem> | des egefert mach mit /</poem> | ||
| − | | '''Der Sechst gang hat vier stuck.''' | + | | <p>'''Der Sechst gang hat vier stuck.'''</p> |
| + | |||
<poem>Vom tag lang durch far, | <poem>Vom tag lang durch far, | ||
mit verwinten dich bewar. | mit verwinten dich bewar. | ||
| Line 551: | Line 584: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
| − | | '''[10] {{red|Here the new recital has an end.}}''' | + | | <p>'''[10] {{red|Here the new recital has an end.}}'''</p> |
| + | |||
''Martin Sibers recital with six courses, as exactly as he set-down, from many masters technique. Whoever can understand it well is well to be praised as a good master of the long sword before other masters.'' | ''Martin Sibers recital with six courses, as exactly as he set-down, from many masters technique. Whoever can understand it well is well to be praised as a good master of the long sword before other masters.'' | ||
| − | | {{red|b=1|Finis etc}} | + | | <p>{{red|b=1|Finis etc}}</p> |
| − | | Finis huig materie | + | | <p>'''Finis huig materie'''</p> |
| − | | '''Hie hat die new zetel ein enndt.''' | + | | <p>'''Hie hat die new zetel ein enndt.'''</p> |
| + | |||
Mertenn Sibers zeteln mit denn 6 gengen, Als ers zusamenn gesetzt hat, vonn mancherley meisters, gefecht, wer die wol kann, und verstehet, ist wol zu breysenn für ein gutenn meister des lannngenn schwerts vor vil andern meisternn. | Mertenn Sibers zeteln mit denn 6 gengen, Als ers zusamenn gesetzt hat, vonn mancherley meisters, gefecht, wer die wol kann, und verstehet, ist wol zu breysenn für ein gutenn meister des lannngenn schwerts vor vil andern meisternn. | ||
| Line 570: | Line 605: | ||
{{sourcebox | {{sourcebox | ||
| work = Translation | | work = Translation | ||
| − | | authors = | + | | authors = [[Christian Trosclair]] |
| source link = | | source link = | ||
| source title= Wiktenauer | | source title= Wiktenauer | ||
| − | | license = | + | | license = noncommercial |
}} | }} | ||
{{sourcebox | {{sourcebox | ||
Revision as of 22:17, 18 November 2014
| Martin Syber | |
|---|---|
| Born | 15th century (?) |
| Died | 15th century (?) |
| Occupation | Fencing master |
| Genres | Fencing manual |
| Language | Early New High German |
| Notable work(s) | New Zettel |
| Manuscript(s) |
|
| First printed english edition |
Hull, 2008 |
| Concordance by | Michael Chidester |
| Translations | |
Martin Syber (Mertin Siber, Martein Syber) was a 15th century German fencing master. Hardly anything is known of Syber beyond his New Zettel ("New Record"). His surname signifies that he came from a family of sieve makers, but gives us no indication of his birthplace. According to Syber's own account, he learned the art from a variety of masters from across Europe, including men from Bohemia, Brabant (or possibly Provence), England, France, Germany, Greece, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Prussia, Russia, and Swabia. The inclusion of his epitome in Codex Speyer and the Glasgow Fechtbuch suggests a connection to the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer, and his mention of an "earlier epitome" may be a reference to that of Liechtenauer; however, Syber does not appear on the roll of the Society of Liechtenauer recorded by Paulus Kal in ca. 1470,[1] so the extent of his relationship is unclear.
Syber's epitome comes in the form a cryptic poem, perhaps intended to convey the essence of the art to those who already knew it. Unfortunately, no gloss is currently known to exist for Syber's verse, so its meaning is difficult to decipher. Conversely, it is worth noting that the 16th century Freifechter Joachim Meÿer not only possessed a copy of Syber's verse (which he copied into his final manuscript),[2] but also employed much of the master's unique terminology in his own teachings. Meÿer may thus hold the key to interpreting Syber's techniques.
The Salzburg version of Syber's text is followed by an additional page of verse. This poem shares some common terminology with Syber's epitome and has been attributed to Syber by some authors in the past,[3] but its omission from the other two versions of his text call this attribution into question. In addition, another version of the poem was included in one of Hans Talhoffer's manuscripts almost fifty years earlier,[4] which indicates that if Syber were the author, his career was much earlier than currently believed.
Contents
Treatise
Salzburg Version (1491) |
Glasgow Version (1508) |
Rostock Version (1570) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
[1] Item. The hereafter written new recital was created and set-down by master Martin Siber and is pulled from many master techniques and is paritioned and set-down in six courses |
[1r] Item dye hernach geschriebenn nüwe zettell hat gemacht vnd gesetz meinster mertin Siber vnd ist ein zuck auß mangerley meinster gefechtenn vnd ist geteiltt vnd gesetz In sechs geng |
[24v] Hernach geschribn ist ain newe zetl des langen schwerts vnd ein außzug aus der voringen zetl / vnd vil ander guetter stuck võ manches maisters handt / die hat zu samen gesetzt maister Martein Syber vnd ist getailt in segs geng / |
[39v] Das hernach geschribenn ist ein newe zetel des lannegnn schwerts und ein auszug aus der vorigenn zetelnn, und vil annder guten stuck, von manches meisters handt, die hat zusamen gesetzt meister Merten Siber, unnd ist getailt in sechs geng, | |
[2] And in the recital the ox and the plow and scalper-hew is not as in the first recital of the book. Rather another interpretation. |
Vnd in der zittell ist der ochß vnd der pflug vnd scheyttell haulb nicht also als in der ersten zettell des puchs Sunder eyñ ander vß legüng |
Vnd der ochß vnd der pflueg darin genant mit sambt ettlichen hewen hat ain ander art vnd auslegung da in der voringen zetl vnd gett auch anderst zu / |
Unnd der Ochs und Pflug darin genent, mit sämpt etlichen hewenn, hat ein annder artt, unnd auslegung dan in der vogemelten zetelenn unnd gehet auch anders zu. | |
[1] |
[3] Now here begins the forward and lessons of the recital, thereafter the six courses. Whoever wishes to acquire honor |
Nu hebt sich an dy vor rede vnd lere der zettell dar noch die sechß genng ~ Wer ere will erwerbenn |
Hie hebt sich die vorred an der selben newen zetl / Wer ere wil erwerben |
[40r] Hie hebt sich an die vorrede de selbenn neuenn zetelnn, Wer ehr will erwerben, |
|
[4] The First Course Has Five Devices |
Der erst gangck Snell dy swech züm rechten |
Der Erst ganck hat funff Stück Schnel die schwech zwm rechten / |
Der erst ganng hat funf stuck. Schnel die schwech zum rechten, |
|
[5] The Second Course Has Six Devices Curve into the strong |
Der ander ganck Krümb in dy sterck |
Der ander gang hat sechs stuck Krumb in die sterck / |
[40v] Der ander gang hat Sechs Stuck. Krump in die sterck, |
|
[6] The Third Course Has Seven Devices Squint whatever comes from-the-day |
[2r] Der tritt ganck Schil wz von tag kümpt |
[25r] Der trit gang hat Syben Stück Schil was vom tag kumbt / |
Der drit ganzg hat Sieben stuchk. Schil was vom tak kumbt, |
|
[7] The Fourth Course Has Five Devices Push through the Ox |
Der virdt ganck Den ochßenn durch stos |
Der viert gang hat fünff Stück Den ochsen durch stoß / |
Der vierd ganng hat fünf stuck Den Ochsen durchstos, |
[70] |
[8] The Fifth Course Has Five Devices Thrust through the long point |
Der funfft ganck Durch stich den langenn ortt |
Der fünff gangk hat fu~nff stuck Durch schreich den langen orth / |
Der fünft gang hat fünf stuck. Durchstreich denn lanngenn ort, |
[80] |
[9] The Sixth Course has Four Devices From-the-Day Travel-through long |
Der sechst ganck Vom tag lang durch var |
Das sechs ganck hatt vier stuck Vom tag lang dürch far / |
Der Sechst gang hat vier stuck. Vom tag lang durch far, |
[10] Here the new recital has an end. Martin Sibers recital with six courses, as exactly as he set-down, from many masters technique. Whoever can understand it well is well to be praised as a good master of the long sword before other masters. |
Finis etc |
Finis huig materie |
Hie hat die new zetel ein enndt. Mertenn Sibers zeteln mit denn 6 gengen, Als ers zusamenn gesetzt hat, vonn mancherley meisters, gefecht, wer die wol kann, und verstehet, ist wol zu breysenn für ein gutenn meister des lannngenn schwerts vor vil andern meisternn. |
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
| Work | Author(s) | Source | License |
|---|---|---|---|
| Translation | Christian Trosclair | Wiktenauer |  |
| Salzburg Version | Dierk Hagedorn | Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf |  |
| Glasgow Version | Dierk Hagedorn | Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf | |
| Rostock Version | Jens P. Kleinau | The Fencing and Life of Hans Talhoffer |  |
Additional Resources
- Hull, Jeffrey. "The Longsword Fight Lore of Mertin Siber." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
References
- ↑ Kal, Paulus. Untitled [manuscript]. Cgm 1507. Munich, Germany: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, 1470.
- ↑ Meÿer, Joachim. Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss [manuscript]. MS Varia 82. Rostock, Germany: Universitätsbibliothek Rostock, 1570.
- ↑ Hull, Jeffrey. "Mertin Siber’s Longsword Fight-Lore of 1491 AD: a thesis on the Fechtlehre from Handschrift M I 29 (Codex Speyer) at the University of Salzburg in Austria". The Association for Renaissance Martial Arts, 2005. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
- ↑ Talhoffer, Hans. Untitled [manuscript]. MS Thott 290.2º. Copenhagen, Denmark: Det Kongelige Bibliotek, 1459.
- ↑ mitmachen
- ↑ ehegefährt
- ↑ punch, shove, push, collide
- ↑ upright
- ↑ carried, transferred, brought across or over
- ↑ entwining, turning-away
