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Difference between revisions of "Martin Syber"
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== Treatise == | == Treatise == | ||
− | {{ | + | {{master begin |
+ | | title = Long Sword | ||
+ | | width = 123em | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | <section begin="credits"/> | ||
+ | {| class="floated master" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! style="width:33em;" | <p>{{translation rating|B}}<br/>by [[Christian Trosclair]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Version]] (1508){{edit index|Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | ! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]] (1570){{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p> | ||
+ | <section end="credits"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[1] {{red|b=1|Hereafter written is a new recital of the long sword and an extraction<ref>alt: departure</ref> from the previous recital and many other good plays from other master's hands Master Martin Syber had set together and is partitioned in six courses.<ref>The Salzburg differs: Item. The hereafter written new recital Master Martin Syber had prepared and set-down and is a selection of many masterful applications and is partitioned and set down in six courses</ref>}}</p> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <p>And the ox and the plow and the part-hew<ref>G & R omit</ref> named therein, together with other hews have another art and explanation than in the first<ref>G: previous</ref><ref>R: previously illustrated</ref> recital and also approaches<ref>zugehen is a synonym for zufechten here</ref> differently.<ref>S: omitted</ref></p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 001r.jpg|1|lbl=1r}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 024v.jpg|1|lbl=24v}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 039v.png|3|lbl=39v}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[2] {{red|b=1|Now here begins the forward and lessons of the recital, thereafter the six courses.}}</p> | ||
+ | <p>{{red|Whoever wishes to acquire honor}}<br/> | ||
+ |  {{red|Before princes and before lords}}<br/> | ||
+ | {{red|In fencing with the}} sword<br/> | ||
+ |  That is good and proper. <br/> | ||
+ | That follow my lessons, <br/> | ||
+ |  They triumph continually. <br/> | ||
+ | Hold the six courses in guard<br/> | ||
+ |  They are quite praiseworthily good<br/> | ||
+ | In them is encapsulated well<br/> | ||
+ |  Many good masters' wisdom<br/> | ||
+ | From Hungary, Bohemia, Italy, <br/> | ||
+ |  From France, England, and Alemannia, <br/> | ||
+ | From Russia, Prussia, Greece, <br/> | ||
+ |  Holland, Provence, and Swabia. <br/> | ||
+ | In them, you shall tread left<br/> | ||
+ |  Thereby remember the deception<br/> | ||
+ | In thrusting, lash strongly<br/> | ||
+ |  So you may well succeed<br/> | ||
+ | If you see the window standing open, <br/> | ||
+ |  Enter them from there<br/> | ||
+ | Strike or thrust swiftly<br/> | ||
+ |  So you may fail hard<ref>alt: the hard</ref><br/> | ||
+ | In the work, tread around. <br/> | ||
+ |  That makes-good<ref>mitmachen. alt: completes</ref> the first-pass<ref>ehegefährt note: this is attacking in the vor.</ref><br/> | ||
+ | If you now wish to undertake this, <br/> | ||
+ |  You must have a strong spirit<br/> | ||
+ | Proper understanding is also good<br/> | ||
+ |  Guard yourself from great wrath<br/> | ||
+ | To such, bring the parrying to them. <br/> | ||
+ |  Through that, you may well succeed. <br/> | ||
+ | In all your fencing, be swift. <br/> | ||
+ |  This forward has an end.</p> | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 001r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 001v.jpg|1|lbl=1v|p=1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 024v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 040r.png|1|lbl=40r}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[3] {{red|b=1|The First Course Has Five Plays}}</p> | ||
+ | <p>{{red|Flick}} the weak to the right<br/> | ||
+ |  Wind through in the fencing<br/> | ||
+ | With that, make the Flicker<br/> | ||
+ |  To both sides twice. <br/> | ||
+ | Besiege<ref>alt: overwhelm; turn(away, aside), entwine, entangle, wrap</ref> his shield strongly<br/> | ||
+ |  Strike the bowed thrust<ref>alt: jab</ref> violently. <br/> | ||
+ | In all work, tread around<br/> | ||
+ |  With the right bowed thrust.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 001v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 024v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 040r.png|2|lbl=-}}<!-- | ||
+ | --><section begin="Krumphaw"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[4] {{red|b=1|The Second Course Has Six Plays}}</p> | ||
+ | <p>{{red|Crook}} in the strong<br/> | ||
+ |  wind through with note<br/> | ||
+ | Wind running over<br/> | ||
+ |  Ready the point and pommel<br/> | ||
+ | Stab him into his face<br/> | ||
+ |  With that, fence the work of the cross<br/> | ||
+ | The deceptive pommel, that, you should think of<br/> | ||
+ |  Upon your<ref>G & R: the</ref> head, if you would like to harm him<br/> | ||
+ | In all work, tread around<ref>alt: make the first-pass too</ref><br/> | ||
+ |  This makes-good the first-pass.<ref>alt: make the first-pass too</ref></p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 001v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 024v.jpg|4|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 040v.png|1|lbl=40v}}<!-- | ||
+ | --><section end="Krumphaw"/><section begin="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Schilhaw"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[5] {{red|b=1|The Third Course Has Seven Plays}}</p> | ||
+ | <p>{{red|Squint whatever}} comes {{red|from-the-day}}<br/> | ||
+ |  Thwart-through, do not go crooked<br/> | ||
+ | Therein examine his struggle<br/> | ||
+ |  The half-squinter<ref>G & R: half-parter</ref> makes-good<ref>alt: make the half-squinter too</ref><br/> | ||
+ | Take off quite swiftly<br/> | ||
+ |  Threaten<ref>S: you</ref> the hew against him<br/> | ||
+ | Force out his shield strongly<ref>alt: Force-out the shield in the strong</ref><br/> | ||
+ |  Defeat him with running-over<br/> | ||
+ | In the strong of his edge<br/> | ||
+ |  In all work, tread around<br/> | ||
+ | This makes-good the first-pass.<ref>alt: make the first-pass too</ref></p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 002r.jpg|1|lbl=2r}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 025r.jpg|1|lbl=25r}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 040v.png|2|lbl=-}}<!-- | ||
+ | --><section end="Schilhaw"/><section end="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Scheitelhaw"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[6] {{red|b=1|The Fourth Course Has Five Plays}}</p> | ||
+ | <p> Thrust through {{red|the Ox}}<br/> | ||
+ |  With two great steps<br/> | ||
+ | Wind and counter wind<br/> | ||
+ |  Violently<ref>R: Then make...</ref> make the scalper-hew<br/> | ||
+ | Wind, then strike the hitter immediately<br/> | ||
+ |  In the belly and upon the neck<br/> | ||
+ | In all work, tread around<br/> | ||
+ |  This makes-good the first-pass.<ref>alt: make the first-pass too</ref></p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 002r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 025r.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 040v.png|3|lbl=-}}<!-- | ||
+ | --><section end="Scheitelhaw"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[7] {{red|b=1|The Fifth Course Has Five Plays}}</p> | ||
+ | <p>Thrust<ref>G & R: Strike</ref> {{red|through}} the long point<br/> | ||
+ |  Disengage, counter thrust, then kill<br/> | ||
+ | Allow the blind-hews to bounce<br/> | ||
+ |  So you may roll<ref>G & R: fail or fall</ref> against well. <br/> | ||
+ | Hang against<ref>G: down</ref>, immediately<ref> alt: as soon as. (just in time)</ref><br/> | ||
+ |  Tread behind, rebound<br/> | ||
+ | Upon the head, into the belly<br/> | ||
+ |  So you make a right fool out of him<br/> | ||
+ | In all work, step around<br/> | ||
+ |  This makes-good the first-pass.<ref>alt: make the first-pass too</ref></p> | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 002r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 002v.jpg|1|lbl=2v|p=1}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 025r.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 040v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Var.82 041r.png|1|lbl=41r|p=1}}<!-- | ||
+ | --><section begin="Twerhaw"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[8] {{red|b=1|The Sixth Course has Four Plays}}</p> | ||
+ | <p>{{red|From-the-Day}} Drive-through long <br/> | ||
+ |  Protect yourself with entwining<ref>alt: twisting</ref>.<br/> | ||
+ | Thwart-through him immediately<br/> | ||
+ |  Rebound the blind-hew<br/> | ||
+ | Hew the<ref>G: your</ref> point into his chest<br/> | ||
+ |  According to all of your desire. <br/> | ||
+ | In all work, step around<br/> | ||
+ |  This makes-good the first-pass.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 002v.jpg|2|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 025r.jpg|4|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 041r.png|2|lbl=-}}<!-- | ||
+ | --><section end="Twerhaw"/> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | <p>[9] {{red|b=1|Here the new recital has an end.}}</p> | ||
+ | <p>Martin Sibers recital with six courses, as exactly as he set-down, from many masters applications. Whoever can understand it well is well to be praised as a good master of the long sword before other masters.</p> | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 002v.jpg|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 025r.jpg|5|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 041r.png|3|lbl=-}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | {{master end}} | ||
{{master begin | {{master begin |
Revision as of 23:58, 31 May 2020
Martin Syber | |
---|---|
Born | 15th century (?) |
Died | 15th century (?) |
Occupation | Fencing master |
Influences | Johannes Liechtenauer (?) |
Genres | Fencing manual |
Language | Early New High German |
Notable work(s) | New Zettel |
Manuscript(s) |
|
Concordance by | Michael Chidester |
Translations |
Martin Syber (Mertin Siber, Martein Syber) was a 15th century German fencing master. Hardly anything is known of Syber beyond his New Zettel ("New Recital"). His surname signifies that he came from a family of sieve makers, but gives us no indication of his birthplace. According to Syber's own account, he learned the art from a variety of masters from across Europe, including men from Bohemia, Brabant (or possibly Provence), England, France, Germany, Greece, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Prussia, Russia, and Swabia. The inclusion of his Recital in Codex Speyer and the Glasgow Fechtbuch suggests a connection to the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer, and his mention of an "earlier Zettel" is likely a reference to that of Liechtenauer; however, Syber does not appear on the roll of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer recorded by Paulus Kal in ca. 1470,[1] so the extent of his relationship is unclear.
Syber's Recital comes in the form a cryptic poem describing six Gänge, set sequences of strikes and parries. Unfortunately, no gloss is currently known to exist for Syber's verse, so its meaning is difficult to decipher. Conversely, it is worth noting that the 16th century Freifechter Joachim Meÿer not only had access to Syber's verse (which is included in his final manuscript),[2] but also employed much of the master's unique terminology in his own teachings. Meÿer may thus hold the key to interpreting Syber's techniques.
The Salzburg version of Syber's text is followed by an additional page of verse. This poem shares some common terminology with Syber's writings and has been attributed to Syber by some authors in the past,[3] but its omission from the other two versions of his text call this attribution into question. In addition, another version of the poem was included in one of Hans Talhoffer's manuscripts almost fifty years earlier,[4] which indicates that if Syber were indeed the author, his career must have been much earlier than currently believed.
Contents
Treatise
Salzburg Version (1491) |
Glasgow Version (1508) |
Rostock Version (1570) | |
---|---|---|---|
[1] Hereafter written is a new recital of the long sword and an extraction[5] from the previous recital and many other good plays from other master's hands Master Martin Syber had set together and is partitioned in six courses.[6] And the ox and the plow and the part-hew[7] named therein, together with other hews have another art and explanation than in the first[8][9] recital and also approaches[10] differently.[11] |
[1r] Item dye hernach geschriebenn nüwe zettell hat gemacht vnd gesetz meinster mertin Siber vnd ist ein zuck auß mangerley meinster gefechtenn vnd ist geteiltt vnd gesetz In sechs geng Vnd in der zittell ist der ochß vnd der pflug vnd scheyttell haulb nicht also als in der ersten zettell des puchs Sunder eyñ ander vß legüng |
[24v] Hernach geschribn ist ain newe zetl des langen schwerts vnd ein außzug aus der voringen zetl / vnd vil ander guetter stuck võ manches maisters handt / die hat zu samen gesetzt maister Martein Syber vnd ist getailt in segs geng / |
[39v] Das hernach geschribenn ist ein newe tzetel des lanngenn schwerts vnnd ein auszug aus der vorigenn tzetelnn, vnnd vil annder guter stuck, von manches meisters handt, die hat tzusamen gesetzt meister Merten Siber, vnnd ist getailt in Sechs genng, Vnnd der Ochs vnd Pflug darin genent, mit sampt etlichenn hewenn, hat ein annder artt, vnnd auslegung dan in der vorgemelten tzetelnn vnnd gehet auch anders tzu. |
[2] Now here begins the forward and lessons of the recital, thereafter the six courses. Whoever wishes to acquire honor |
Nu hebt sich an dy vor rede vnd lere der zettell dar noch die sechß genng ~ Wer ere will erwerbenn |
Hie hebt sich die vorred an der selben newen zetl / Wer ere wil erwerben |
[40r] Hie hebt sich an die vorrede der selbenn newenn tzetelnn, Wer ehr wil erwerbenn, |
[3] The First Course Has Five Plays Flick the weak to the right |
Der erst gangck Snell dy swech züm rechten |
Der Erst ganck hat funff Stück Schnel die schwech zwm rechten / |
Der erst ganng hat funf stuck. Schnel die schwech tzum rechten, |
[4] The Second Course Has Six Plays Crook in the strong |
Der ander ganck Krümb in dy sterck |
Der ander gang hat sechs stuck Krumb in die sterck / |
[40v] Der ander gang hat Sechs stuck. Krump in die sterck, |
[5] The Third Course Has Seven Plays Squint whatever comes from-the-day |
[2r] Der tritt ganck Schil wz von tag kümpt |
[25r] Der trit gang hat Syben Stück Schil was vom tag kumbt / |
Der drit gang hat, Sieben stuchk. Schil was vom tag kumbt, |
[6] The Fourth Course Has Five Plays Thrust through the Ox |
Der virdt ganck Den ochßenn durch stos |
Der viert gang hat fünff Stück Den ochsen durch stoß / |
Der vierd ganng hat funff stuck. Den Ochsen durch stos, |
[7] The Fifth Course Has Five Plays Thrust[27] through the long point |
Der funfft ganck Durch stich den langenn ortt |
Der fünff gangk hat fu~nff stuck Durch schreich den langen orth / |
Der funft gang hat funf stuck. Durchstreich denn lanngenn ort, |
[8] The Sixth Course has Four Plays From-the-Day Drive-through long |
Der sechst ganck Vom tag lang durch var |
Das sechs ganck hatt vier stuck Vom tag lang dürch far / |
Der Sechst gang hat vier stuck. Vom tag lang durch far, |
[9] Here the new recital has an end. Martin Sibers recital with six courses, as exactly as he set-down, from many masters applications. Whoever can understand it well is well to be praised as a good master of the long sword before other masters. |
Finis etc~ |
Finis huig materie |
Hie hat die new tzetel ein enndt. Mertenn Sibers tzeteln mit den .6. gengen, Als ers tzusamenn gesetzt hat, vonn mancherley meisters gefecht, wer die wol kann, vnnd versteht, ist wol tzu breysenn fur ein gutenn meister des lanngenn schwerts vor vil andern meisternn. |
For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.
Work | Author(s) | Source | License |
---|---|---|---|
Translation | Christian Trosclair | Wiktenauer | |
Salzburg Version | Dierk Hagedorn | Index:Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29) | |
Glasgow Version | Dierk Hagedorn | Index:Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341) | |
Rostock Version | Dierk Hagedorn | Index:Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82) |
Additional Resources
- Hull, Jeffrey. "The Longsword Fight Lore of Mertin Siber." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
References
- ↑ The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
- ↑ Meÿer, Joachim. Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss [manuscript]. MS Varia 82. Rostock, Germany: Universitätsbibliothek Rostock, 1570.
- ↑ Hull, Jeffrey. "Mertin Siber’s Longsword Fight-Lore of 1491 AD: a thesis on the Fechtlehre from Handschrift M I 29 (Codex Speyer) at the University of Salzburg in Austria". The Association for Renaissance Martial Arts, 2005. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
- ↑ Talhoffer, Hans. Untitled [manuscript]. MS Thott 290.2º. Copenhagen, Denmark: Det Kongelige Bibliotek, 1459.
- ↑ alt: departure
- ↑ The Salzburg differs: Item. The hereafter written new recital Master Martin Syber had prepared and set-down and is a selection of many masterful applications and is partitioned and set down in six courses
- ↑ G & R omit
- ↑ G: previous
- ↑ R: previously illustrated
- ↑ zugehen is a synonym for zufechten here
- ↑ S: omitted
- ↑ alt: the hard
- ↑ mitmachen. alt: completes
- ↑ ehegefährt note: this is attacking in the vor.
- ↑ alt: overwhelm; turn(away, aside), entwine, entangle, wrap
- ↑ alt: jab
- ↑ G & R: the
- ↑ alt: make the first-pass too
- ↑ alt: make the first-pass too
- ↑ G & R: half-parter
- ↑ alt: make the half-squinter too
- ↑ S: you
- ↑ alt: Force-out the shield in the strong
- ↑ alt: make the first-pass too
- ↑ R: Then make...
- ↑ alt: make the first-pass too
- ↑ G & R: Strike
- ↑ G & R: fail or fall
- ↑ G: down
- ↑ alt: as soon as. (just in time)
- ↑ alt: make the first-pass too
- ↑ alt: twisting
- ↑ G: your