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Difference between revisions of "Hans Medel"

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| ''Set upon the four ends, <br/>&emsp;remain thereupon, if you wish to learn to end.''
 
| ''Set upon the four ends, <br/>&emsp;remain thereupon, if you wish to learn to end.''
 
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<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you [?]<ref>no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"</ref> from the four settings-on, those are: the two crooked settings-on to both sides, the plow with the point out forward upon the ground, not crooked and from-the-roof. You will take one of which for yourself. Therein or upon there you shall remain and bring-forth and finish your work  with the after.</p>
+
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you [?]<ref>no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"</ref> from the four settings-on, those are: the two crooked settings-on to both sides, the plow with the point out forward upon the ground, not crooked and from-the-roof. You will take one of which for yourself. Therein or upon there you shall remain and carry out and finish your work  with the after.</p>
 
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| ''Learn the racing-after. <br/>&emsp;Double or cut into the weapon.''
 
| ''Learn the racing-after. <br/>&emsp;Double or cut into the weapon.''
 
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<p>'''Gloss:''' Firstly note a general lesson that the racings-after are many and diverse and are called to deploy with great prudence against the fencer that fences from free and from slow hews and otherwise does not hew with the proper art of the sword, etc. And this is according to the text: You shall properly learn the racings-after, because they are double.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' Firstly note a general lesson that the racings-after are many and diverse and are called to deploy with great prudence against the fencer that fences from free and from long hews and otherwise does not hew with the proper art of the sword, etc. And this is according to the text: You shall properly learn the racings-after, because they are double.</p>
 
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| <p>The first deploys thusly: If he will cleave-in to you above, then note while he pulls up his sword into the strike, race-after him with a hew or with a thrust and hit him in the upper opening before he comes down with the hew. And if he binds-upon you and will thereafter work from the sword, then follow after and in-the-moment take the cut behind with the long edge in over into the arm and press him strongly from you with that, so he has no power. In the same way, always race-after him strongly above into the head.</p>
+
| <p>The first deploys thusly: If he will cleave-in to you above, then note while he draws up the sword into the strike, race-after him with a hew or with a thrust and hit him in the upper opening before he comes down with the hew. And if he binds-upon you and will thereafter work from the sword, then follow after and in-the-moment take the cut out after with the long edge in over into the arm and press him strongly from you with that, so he has no power. In the same way, always race-after him strongly above into the head.</p>
 
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| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Another play.'''</p>
  
<p>The second racing-after is when he cleaves-at you from above, if he then releases his sword with the hew into the ground, then race-after him with a hew in above to the head before he comes up with the sword. Or if he will thrust you, then note while he pull the sword to him into the thrust, then race-after him and then stab him before he carries out his thrust, etc.</p>
+
<p>The second racing-after is when he initiates a hew at you from above, if he then with the hew lets his sword go to the ground, then race-after him with a hew in above to the head before he comes up with the sword. Or if he will thrust you, then note while he draw the sword to him into the thrust, then race-after him and then stab him before he carries out his thrust, etc.</p>
 
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| <p>'''About the two outer goads and the two inner goads'''</p>
+
| <p>'''About the two outer cattle-drives and the two inner cattle-drives'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>76</small>
 
| <small>76</small>
| ''The two outer goads and the two inner goads, <br/>&emsp;with them your work begins''
+
| ''The two outer cattle-drives and the two inner cattle-drives, <br/>&emsp;with them your work begins''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>77</small>
 
| <small>77</small>
 
| ''and test the attacks <br/>&emsp;whether they are soft or hard.''
 
| ''and test the attacks <br/>&emsp;whether they are soft or hard.''
 
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|}
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall note that the goads will also be called racing-after and when you come upon his sword with yours, then you shall test with the attack whether he is soft or hard. Thereafter, you shall begin your work. That is as so: When someone stands against you in the outer goads (because those are two, one to each side) and stands with his right foot forward and hangs with a flat sword from the scalper, the fool or plunge-hew with the point down as with the roof, if he stands in the outer goad on his right side, then come to his as well with the same outer goad from your right side countering upon his sword and in the clashing of the sword, wind-in swiftly under his sword into the head, to the opening or quite across to his left shoulder such that your sword comes or lays above and your thumb stands underneath. Wherever he will then protect<ref>alt: exit</ref>, then drive after him in-the-moment or if he throws you over with force, then ward yourself with striking or warring. Then you both come crooked into the winding. But if you do not wish to counter him with that, then you may also set or work with the thwart or other hews, etc. That is the first outer goad.</p>
+
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall note that the cattle-drives will also be called racing-after and when you come upon his sword with yours, then you shall test with the attack whether he is soft or hard. Thereafter, you shall begin your work. That is as so: When someone stands against you in the outer cattle-drives (because those are two, one to each side) and stands with his right foot forward and hangs with a flat sword from the scalper, the fool or plunge-hew with the point down as with the roof, if he stands in the outer cattle-drive on his right side, then come to his as well with the same outer cattle-drive from your right side countering upon his sword and in the clashing of the sword, wind-in swiftly under his sword into the head, to the opening or quite across to his left shoulder such that your sword comes or lays above and your thumb stands underneath. Wherever he will then protect<ref>alt: exit</ref>, then drive after him in-the-moment or if he throws you over with force, then ward yourself with striking or warring. Then you both come crooked into the winding. But if you do not wish to counter him with that, then you may also set or work with the thwart or other hews, etc. That is the first outer cattle-drive.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The second''' outer goad is when he stands with his left foot forward and stands with the arms crooked as if he went up with the under-hew or something and hangs over the left arm. So come to him countering him thusly from your left side crooked on his sword. Wind-in to him as before under his sword to the opening or just above to his right shoulder to the head. Thereafter work or war as before.</p>
+
| <p>'''The second''' outer cattle-drive is when he stands with his left foot forward and stands with the arms crooked as if he went up with the under-hew or something and hangs over the left arm. So come to him countering him thusly from your left side crooked on his sword. Wind-in to him as before under his sword to the opening or just above to his right shoulder to the head. Thereafter work or war as before.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The first''' inner goad is as so: If he again stands with the right foot forward and holds his sword down by the leg or knee in the thrust as in the oxen, then also come-forward against it as from your left with the right and in the thrust step into him with the left foot and the swords clash each other. So you both may wind against each other, thus you both come into the work crooked. Thereafter war and work as you wish. You both may also make a disengaging from that with a strike around it to his right shoulder to his left side to the head or take the under-cut, etc. which will double or mutate.</p>
+
| <p>'''The first''' inner cattle-drive is as so: If he again stands with the right foot forward and holds his sword down by the leg or knee in the thrust as in the oxen, then also come-forward against it as from your left with the right and in the thrust step into him with the left foot and the swords clash each other. So you both may wind against each other, thus you both come into the work crooked. Thereafter war and work as you wish. You both may also make a disengaging from that with a strike around it to his right shoulder to his left side to the head or take the under-cut, etc. which will double or mutate.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The other''' inner goad is when he stands with the left foot forward and holds his sword as before, though it must be crooked to the side, then deploy the work against him as before just above. When it is turned to the side, you will again break the pulling then double or mutate as it best joins according to the work or side, thus he will be struck deaf, etc. or cutd. You may also, as before, if you do not wish to break the counter the goad, working the stance or goad with other things against that such as the thwart or the wrath-hew or other offsettings or settings-on and then work as you wish, etc.</p>
+
| <p>'''The other''' inner cattle-drive is when he stands with the left foot forward and holds his sword as before, though it must be crooked to the side, then deploy the work against him as before just above. When it is turned to the side, you will again break the pulling then double or mutate as it best joins according to the work or side, thus he will be struck deaf, etc. or cutd. You may also, as before, if you do not wish to break the counter the cattle-drive, working the stance or cattle-drive with other things against that such as the thwart or the wrath-hew or other offsettings or settings-on and then work as you wish, etc.</p>
 
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| <p>In this way you have the four goads explained with their work. How you shall begin it, the common glosses explain differently, but it has not failed me, etc. The opponent may also deploy this work against you.</p>
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| <p>In this way you have the four cattle-drives explained with their work. How you shall begin it, the common glosses explain differently, but it has not failed me, etc. The opponent may also deploy this work against you.</p>
 
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| <p>Hew crooked to the flat of the masters if you wish to weaken them. This is so that the crooked-hew breaks the stance with its work as you wind in his explanation in the recital. Or: Crook not, short hew. this is the changing-through or break the outer goad there-against. But if he will make a disengaging from the thrust, then fall into the crook as before and remain standing therein.</p>
+
| <p>Hew crooked to the flat of the masters if you wish to weaken them. This is so that the crooked-hew breaks the stance with its work as you wind in his explanation in the recital. Or: Crook not, short hew. this is the changing-through or break the outer cattle-drive there-against. But if he will make a disengaging from the thrust, then fall into the crook as before and remain standing therein.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The fourth:''' If you stand as before and again go up with the wrath-point as before, If he then comes in against on your sword with the outer goad, then wind-in crooked and step-in after and war if it is necessary to do or work as is taught below in the outer goad in the recital.</p>
+
| <p>'''The fourth:''' If you stand as before and again go up with the wrath-point as before, If he then comes in against on your sword with the outer cattle-drive, then wind-in crooked and step-in after and war if it is necessary to do or work as is taught below in the outer cattle-drive in the recital.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand right as before and he [is] also in the crooked setting-on upon his right as you [are], then go against him on his sword so that you come into the outer goad and wind-in against him in the crook and war. You may well also wait upon his work. So if he will go up, then counter him with your point, so that he runs onto the point.</p>
+
| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand right as before and he [is] also in the crooked setting-on upon his right as you [are], then go against him on his sword so that you come into the outer cattle-drive and wind-in against him in the crook and war. You may well also wait upon his work. So if he will go up, then counter him with your point, so that he runs onto the point.</p>
 
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| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before in the crooked-hew and he in the outer goad, then also go-up against him in the outer goad. Thereafter: work, etc. Ir go-up into the thrust, work or wind-in, etc.</p>
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| <p>'''The fifth:''' When you stand as before in the crooked-hew and he in the outer cattle-drive, then also go-up against him in the outer cattle-drive. Thereafter: work, etc. Ir go-up into the thrust, work or wind-in, etc.</p>
 
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Revision as of 18:24, 5 May 2017

Hans Medel von Salzburg

A play from Medel's fencing manual
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation Fencing master
Citizenship Salzburg, Germany
Movement Liechtenauer tradition
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Manuscript(s) Codex I.6.2º.5 (1539)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Magyar fordítás

Hans Medel von Salzburg (Hans Niedel, Hans Mendel) was an early 16th century German fencing master. Salzburg is a city in northern Austria, and he seems to have operated as a burgher and Schirmmeister there from at least 1503.[1] Little else is known about this master, but he seems to have been associated with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. He may have traced his lineage through Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt, a member of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer,[2] as Medel's text is the only known source that mentions the earlier master's teachings.

Medel's name is attached to a manuscript treatise on swordsmanship from 1539, including an incomplete gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital and an addendum on fencing based on "the Seven Stances". This gloss is unique in the Liechtenauer tradition in that it not only offers direct commentary on the Recital, but also demonstrates an awareness of the earlier glosses of Sigmund ain Ringeck (from which a great deal of text is lifted) and Pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and even includes occasional criticisms of and corrections to their teachings. In a few places the gloss specifically describes a teaching of Hans Seydenfaden or Hans Medel, but in several more it merely attributes the teaching to "Master Hans" without indicating which one. This manuscript eventually passed into the library of Paulus Hector Mair, who bound it into the current Codex I.6.2º.5 some time after 1566; unfortunately, the extant fragment of the gloss terminates abruptly at the beginning of the section on Zucken, and the remainder of Medel's gloss is currently lost.

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde, vol. 40. Salzburg, 1900. p 177.
  2. The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. alt: right
  4. alt: side
  5. alt: defense
  6. the artist/professional doing their work
  7. alt: gladly valuing in the arts
  8. alt: gladly valuing with kindness
  9. alt: right
  10. alt: weapon
  11. eindrohen: to imminently threaten
  12. Zeck: a biting insect, ie: a tick.
  13. alt: closer, sooner
  14. this is usually the term for the severing of limbs/extremities, though can mean hewing while exiting
  15. widerschlagen: to strike against, in a reverberating sense
  16. rechnen: compute, take into account, align
  17. towards
  18. In the standard verse it is 'ab', not 'fast'
  19. severely, precisely, ruthlessly, violently
  20. videlicet: namely; to wit
  21. abhauen: to sever or to hew in exit
  22. alt: high
  23. ausheben: lift out
  24. conjecture, possibly: 'neben'
  25. 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 25.5 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.9 The text here is hidden by a crease in the page.
  26. alt: breaks-apart, shatters, asunders; burgles; interrupts
  27. ansiegen: to return with victory
  28. glance, discern, glean
  29. Ochs
  30. Ochs
  31. Ochs
  32. could also mean 'carelessly'
  33. Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.
  34. across
  35. across
  36. your leger
  37. rappen: to gather, to snatch, to seize
  38. no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"
  39. alt: flying
  40. alt: exit
  41. mitmachen: join, unite, combine, participate
  42. alternately: old
  43. marginalia: 'malz' => bad, weak
  44. Or possibly "maler"
  45. Here some pages apparently have been lost, unfortunately.
  46. alt: across
  47. alt: it
  48. alt: inside
  49. alt: misleading
  50. alt: across
  51. alt: open