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Difference between revisions of "Hans Medel"

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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>42</small>
 
| <small>42</small>
| ''Crook-up swiftly,<br/>throw the point upon the hands.''
+
| ''Crook-up swiftly,<br/>&emsp;throw the point upon the hands.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you shall crooked-cut to the hands. Execute it thusly: Stand with your left foot forward, well into the scales, and hold your sword crooked, that is with crossed hands such that the long edge stands upwards, with the point out forward upon the ground. And the first play according to the text executes thusly: When one cuts-into you from his right shoulder with an over- or under-cut, so step inward into him with your right foot in-the-moment against him and let the crossed hand or the crook go-up and set-aside the cut with your sword with the long edge or point thrown well out-over his hand against<ref>towards</ref> his left side. Thereafter, war and work as you wish. But if he throws you with the hand here-over with power with his going-up, then let it go easily and make a strike around it around your head into his left side with the short or long edge, whichever course goes nearer. He breaks that with mutating against you. This hew also breaks the guards of the oxen. When someone stands therein against you, so you must break your crooked-cut there-against. It also breaks over- and under-cuts and is one of the four parries against the four guards such as the oxen.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you shall crooked-cut to the hands. Execute it thusly: Stand with your left foot forward, well into the scales, and hold your sword crooked, that is with crossed hands such that the long edge stands upwards, with the point out forward upon the ground. And the first play according to the text executes thusly: When one cuts-into you from his right shoulder with an over- or under-cut, so step inward into him with your right foot in-the-moment against him and let the crossed hand or the crook go-up and set-aside the cut with your sword with the long edge or point thrown well out-over his hand against<ref>towards</ref> his left side. Thereafter, war and work as you wish. But if he throws you with the hand here-over with power with his going-up, then let it go easily and make a strike around it around your head into his left side with the short or long edge, whichever course goes nearer. He breaks that with mutating against you. This hew also breaks the guards of the oxen. When someone stands therein against you, so you must break your crooked-cut there-against. It also breaks over- and under-cuts and is one of the four parries against the four guards such as the oxen.</p>
Line 423: Line 423:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>43</small>
 
| <small>43</small>
| ''Whoever properly sets crooked, <br/>Disrupts many cuts with stepping.''
+
| ''Whoever properly sets crooked, <br/>&emsp;Disrupts many cuts with stepping.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you will set-aside the over-cuts with the crooked-cut. It executes thusly: Stand well crooked next to your left foot, which shall stand forward, crossing to the same side, that is, in the crooked setting-on with your sword with crossed hands with the point upon the ground. When he then strikes into the opening from his right side, so step and strike or set-aside and work as closest above. Yet, if you are able to fall well over the hands in the barrier-guard as others name, [it] goes to both sides.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is how you will set-aside the over-cuts with the crooked-cut. It executes thusly: Stand well crooked next to your left foot, which shall stand forward, crossing to the same side, that is, in the crooked setting-on with your sword with crossed hands with the point upon the ground. When he then strikes into the opening from his right side, so step and strike or set-aside and work as closest above. Yet, if you are able to fall well over the hands in the barrier-guard as others name, [it] goes to both sides.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>44</small>
 
| <small>44</small>
| ''Cut crooked to the flat <br/>of the masters if you wish to weaken them.''
+
| ''Cut crooked to the flat <br/>&emsp;of the masters if you wish to weaken them.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>45</small>
 
| <small>45</small>
| ''When it clashes above, <br/>stand firm. That I will laud.''
+
| ''When it clashes above, <br/>&emsp;stand firm. That I will laud.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>This is when you wish to weaken the master. So note when someone stands hanging in the flat or the fool with the right foot forward. So cut from your right side from the crooked setting-on and set him aside with crossed hands, crooked upon his sword and step toward and as soon as your sword has clashed upon it, stand firm and wait upon the after, etc. Or if you will not wait, then swiftly strike back out from the sword with the short or long edge at his head into his left side or wind the short edge upon his sword with the crooked-cut and stab into his chest or do whatever you think is good.</p>
 
<p>This is when you wish to weaken the master. So note when someone stands hanging in the flat or the fool with the right foot forward. So cut from your right side from the crooked setting-on and set him aside with crossed hands, crooked upon his sword and step toward and as soon as your sword has clashed upon it, stand firm and wait upon the after, etc. Or if you will not wait, then swiftly strike back out from the sword with the short or long edge at his head into his left side or wind the short edge upon his sword with the crooked-cut and stab into his chest or do whatever you think is good.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>46</small>
 
| <small>46</small>
| ''Do not crooked-cut, short-cut. <br/>With it, display the changing-through.''
+
| ''Do not crooked-cut, short-cut. <br/>&emsp;With it, display the changing-through.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when he cuts or stands against you in the flat or the fool as closest above, etc. So act as if you will bind upon his sword with the crooked-cut or the setting-on, then cut short and drive-through with the point under his sword and wind or pull-through to your right side with the point between you both into a thrust to his right side and stab him in the face just as you come into the flat stance and thrust sharply<ref>severely, precisely, ruthlessly, violently</ref> in.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when he cuts or stands against you in the flat or the fool as closest above, etc. So act as if you will bind upon his sword with the crooked-cut or the setting-on, then cut short and drive-through with the point under his sword and wind or pull-through to your right side with the point between you both into a thrust to his right side and stab him in the face just as you come into the flat stance and thrust sharply<ref>severely, precisely, ruthlessly, violently</ref> in.</p>
Line 464: Line 464:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>47</small>
 
| <small>47</small>
| ''Whoever foils you crooked, <br/>the noble war confounds them''
+
| ''Whoever foils you crooked, <br/>&emsp;the noble war confounds them''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>48</small>
 
| <small>48</small>
| ''that they do not truthfully know <br/>where they are without danger.''
+
| ''that they do not truthfully know <br/>&emsp;where they are without danger.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you wish to execute the crooked-cut, you must always give an opening with it and understand it thusly. When you cleave-in from your right side or left side or bind upon his sword, from whichever side you cut, so are you open on the other. If he is also then clever and will cut from the sword to your opening and will make you err with agility, then remain with your sword upon his sword or cut after and wind in crooked or the point into the face and work further with the war or strike to the openings. So he becomes confounded so that he will not feasibly know where he shall guard himself in front of you against cuts or thrusts. Also if he will confound you such that he sets-upon with his sword and does not let up, etc. Then remain against his sword as above and follow-after him as above.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you wish to execute the crooked-cut, you must always give an opening with it and understand it thusly. When you cleave-in from your right side or left side or bind upon his sword, from whichever side you cut, so are you open on the other. If he is also then clever and will cut from the sword to your opening and will make you err with agility, then remain with your sword upon his sword or cut after and wind in crooked or the point into the face and work further with the war or strike to the openings. So he becomes confounded so that he will not feasibly know where he shall guard himself in front of you against cuts or thrusts. Also if he will confound you such that he sets-upon with his sword and does not let up, etc. Then remain against his sword as above and follow-after him as above.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>49</small>
 
| <small>49</small>
| ''The thwart-cut takes-away<br/>whatever approaches from the roof.''
+
| ''The thwart-cut takes-away<br/>&emsp;whatever approaches from the roof.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' the thwart-cut is nothing other than the middle-cut. It breaks any cut that will either approach or will be hewn from above downward or from the roof. You shall execute it thusly: Stand with the left foot forward and hold you sword in behind in the middle-cut at the midsection or waist by the right foot or side such that the long edge is above. And when someone cleaves-in above from the roof into the opening or the head, then step or spring forth against him with the right foot and set aside his cut with the thwart, that is crooked, well to your left, etc. and after the setting-aside, then wind-in with the short edge to his left into his head if you will remain upon his sword. War if it is a necessity. But if he makes a disengaging and will strike you from his left, then come-against swiftly around that with the crooked under slice into his arm, so long as [you] do not drive away too wide in the setting-aside.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' the thwart-cut is nothing other than the middle-cut. It breaks any cut that will either approach or will be hewn from above downward or from the roof. You shall execute it thusly: Stand with the left foot forward and hold you sword in behind in the middle-cut at the midsection or waist by the right foot or side such that the long edge is above. And when someone cleaves-in above from the roof into the opening or the head, then step or spring forth against him with the right foot and set aside his cut with the thwart, that is crooked, well to your left, etc. and after the setting-aside, then wind-in with the short edge to his left into his head if you will remain upon his sword. War if it is a necessity. But if he makes a disengaging and will strike you from his left, then come-against swiftly around that with the crooked under slice into his arm, so long as [you] do not drive away too wide in the setting-aside.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>50</small>
 
| <small>50</small>
| ''Thwart with the strong.<br/>With that, remember your work.''
+
| ''Thwart with the strong.<br/>&emsp;With that, remember your work.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall strongly break and strongly work every thwart with someone and also especially when he will strike down into you from above as from the roof. So \run-in against his cut strongly with the thwart the same as with the slice, also so that your thumb is underneath, and with that strike him upon his left side or head. Thereafter, if upon that he strengthens much against you, then hang well and strike him from the hanging to his right side and step with the left foot well to his right, etc, viz:<ref>videlicet: namely; to wit</ref> Cut-off<ref>abhauen: to sever</ref> or War, etc.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall strongly break and strongly work every thwart with someone and also especially when he will strike down into you from above as from the roof. So \run-in against his cut strongly with the thwart the same as with the slice, also so that your thumb is underneath, and with that strike him upon his left side or head. Thereafter, if upon that he strengthens much against you, then hang well and strike him from the hanging to his right side and step with the left foot well to his right, etc, viz:<ref>videlicet: namely; to wit</ref> Cut-off<ref>abhauen: to sever</ref> or War, etc.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>51</small>
 
| <small>51</small>
| ''Thwart into the plow; <br/>into the ox, join well.''
+
| ''Thwart into the plow; <br/>&emsp;into the ox, join well.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when someone lays before you in his stance in the plow or ox. That is, when he stands with the right foot forward and lies with his sword out forward with the point on the ground. So fall upon over that with the thwart. Thereafter work in, to the opening as it gives itself or war. But if he moves the weapon up to the head in the fool, then you may again set and work upon that with it. War. Also in the same way, if someone sets upon you from the thwart or crooked cut, then remain on his sword and work in the after as in the left<ref>letz: reversed, disrupted, perverted, refuting, incorrect, twisted, unjust, left</ref> stance of the plow with the after.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when someone lays before you in his stance in the plow or ox. That is, when he stands with the right foot forward and lies with his sword out forward with the point on the ground. So fall upon over that with the thwart. Thereafter work in, to the opening as it gives itself or war. But if he moves the weapon up to the head in the fool, then you may again set and work upon that with it. War. Also in the same way, if someone sets upon you from the thwart or crooked cut, then remain on his sword and work in the after as in the left<ref>letz: reversed, disrupted, perverted, refuting, incorrect, twisted, unjust, left</ref> stance of the plow with the after.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>52</small>
 
| <small>52</small>
| ''Whoever thwarts themselves well, <br/>endangers the head with springing.''
+
| ''Whoever thwarts themselves well, <br/>&emsp;endangers the head with springing.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>This is when you stand in the thwart and will endanger his head with strikes. So, in your thwart-cut let your point go through to the left side and in the going through, spring or step well to his left side with your right foot and strike him threateningly with the thwart to the left side of his head with the short edge yet so that you are well covered in it with the sword or hilt. Similarly it also goes to the left side with the going through and striking to his right side with the long edge, etc.</p>
 
<p>This is when you stand in the thwart and will endanger his head with strikes. So, in your thwart-cut let your point go through to the left side and in the going through, spring or step well to his left side with your right foot and strike him threateningly with the thwart to the left side of his head with the short edge yet so that you are well covered in it with the sword or hilt. Similarly it also goes to the left side with the going through and striking to his right side with the long edge, etc.</p>
Line 534: Line 534:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>53</small>
 
| <small>53</small>
| ''The failer misleads. <br/>It contacts from below according to desire.''
+
| ''The failer misleads. <br/>&emsp;It contacts from below according to desire.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, any fencer that likes to parry will be dazzled and misled and easily struck with the failer. Execute it thusly: When you stand in the thwart and act as if you will strike him to his left side to the head from the thwart or from over-cuts and in the cut divert or snatch away the cut and strike in with the thwart to the lower openings under his sword to the left side of his head or wherever it may occur to you and is called the contact below if it is arranged under the sword and not by the under opening under the belt. Thus is he contacted according to desire and struck. War.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note, any fencer that likes to parry will be dazzled and misled and easily struck with the failer. Execute it thusly: When you stand in the thwart and act as if you will strike him to his left side to the head from the thwart or from over-cuts and in the cut divert or snatch away the cut and strike in with the thwart to the lower openings under his sword to the left side of his head or wherever it may occur to you and is called the contact below if it is arranged under the sword and not by the under opening under the belt. Thus is he contacted according to desire and struck. War.</p>
Line 545: Line 545:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>54</small>
 
| <small>54</small>
| ''The inverter overwhelms.<br/>Also with [it] the runner-through wrestles.''
+
| ''The inverter overwhelms.<br/>&emsp;Also with [it] the runner-through wrestles.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>55</small>
 
| <small>55</small>
| ''Surely take the elbow. <br/>Spring to him into the scales.''
+
| ''Surely take the elbow. <br/>&emsp;Spring to him into the scales.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you have cut with the failer as was taught above. So strike back around him to the left side with the thwart. If he then falls upon your sword, then swiftly hang and in the hanging run through him and take him by the elbow into the scales and step in forward with the left foot and shove him thereover. You may also make also make a wrestling in the running through as so: step behind him with the left foot and drive your left arm forward around his neck and throw him backwards over the foot. You may also properly restrain his back around his neck and throw.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you have cut with the failer as was taught above. So strike back around him to the left side with the thwart. If he then falls upon your sword, then swiftly hang and in the hanging run through him and take him by the elbow into the scales and step in forward with the left foot and shove him thereover. You may also make also make a wrestling in the running through as so: step behind him with the left foot and drive your left arm forward around his neck and throw him backwards over the foot. You may also properly restrain his back around his neck and throw.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>56</small>
 
| <small>56</small>
| ''The failer hits doubly. <br/>One makes the old slice with power.''
+
| ''The failer hits doubly. <br/>&emsp;One makes the old slice with power.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>According to Hans, [he] says: This is how you have misled with the first failer and struck him to his right side, etc. as above. So strike back around swiftly once more to the other right side. That's called the double, etc. You may withhold trebly as so: Make back around to the opening. If you then come upon his sword, such that he parries, then war or wind with him, etc.</p>
 
<p>According to Hans, [he] says: This is how you have misled with the first failer and struck him to his right side, etc. as above. So strike back around swiftly once more to the other right side. That's called the double, etc. You may withhold trebly as so: Make back around to the opening. If you then come upon his sword, such that he parries, then war or wind with him, etc.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>57</small>
 
| <small>57</small>
| ''Double it further, <br/>step in left and do not be lazy.''
+
| ''Double it further, <br/>&emsp;step in left and do not be lazy.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is the closest play above as Master Hans says, [he] explains with the slice. But others say that when you have struck with the first misleading to the left side to the head, then strike swiftly back around to the right side to the head with the short edge from crossed arms over his arms and spring left, that is to your left side, and slice him through the mouth with the long edge and swiftly extract yourself out.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is the closest play above as Master Hans says, [he] explains with the slice. But others say that when you have struck with the first misleading to the left side to the head, then strike swiftly back around to the right side to the head with the short edge from crossed arms over his arms and spring left, that is to your left side, and slice him through the mouth with the long edge and swiftly extract yourself out.</p>
Line 603: Line 603:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>58</small>
 
| <small>58</small>
| ''The squint-cut breaks-into<br/>whatever the buffalo strikes or stabs.''
+
| ''The squint-cut breaks-into<br/>&emsp;whatever the buffalo strikes or stabs.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>59</small>
 
| <small>59</small>
| ''Whoever executes the change, <br/>the squinter robs him from that.''
+
| ''Whoever executes the change, <br/>&emsp;the squinter robs him from that.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' The squint-cut is nothing other than the change-cut. Named according to the record, the squint-cut, which is such an exquisite cut, that breaks-into buffaloes or ruffians, which take victory by force in cuts and in stabs. Execute the cut thusly: If you stand with your right foot forward and lay in the squint-cut, then the thumb must be above on the sword. If he then cuts into you from his right side, step into him swiftly in-the-moment with your left foot and set-aside his cut strongly with your short edge and from that, make a rapid strike from your left shoulder, crooked, with the long edge into the right side of his head, but if he comes against it very quickly and parries your cut so that you come upon his sword, then wind-in above with power and lay your sword on his throat. If he will then escape ever with force, then follow after him just mercifully so he may not rightly escape.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' The squint-cut is nothing other than the change-cut. Named according to the record, the squint-cut, which is such an exquisite cut, that breaks-into buffaloes or ruffians, which take victory by force in cuts and in stabs. Execute the cut thusly: If you stand with your right foot forward and lay in the squint-cut, then the thumb must be above on the sword. If he then cuts into you from his right side, step into him swiftly in-the-moment with your left foot and set-aside his cut strongly with your short edge and from that, make a rapid strike from your left shoulder, crooked, with the long edge into the right side of his head, but if he comes against it very quickly and parries your cut so that you come upon his sword, then wind-in above with power and lay your sword on his throat. If he will then escape ever with force, then follow after him just mercifully so he may not rightly escape.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>60</small>
 
| <small>60</small>
| ''Squint-on if he shortens you. <br/>Changing-through brings victory.''<ref>ansiegen: to return with victory</ref>
+
| ''Squint-on if he shortens you. <br/>&emsp;Changing-through brings victory.''<ref>ansiegen: to return with victory</ref>
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is a teaching. When you come to him with the onset, you should squint<ref>glance, discern, glean</ref> whether he stands short or straight against you. So, with this, you shall identify when he cuts into you, if he then does not stretch his arms out long from himself, then the sword is shortened. If you then lay before him in the squinter or lay before you in the fool by the head<ref>Ochs</ref>, then it is again shortened. For all windings or standings crooked in the sword in front of the opponent are short and shorten the sword. To all that hold themselves thusly, you shall freely change-through them with the long point out of cuts and out of stabs into the face. With that you threaten them such that they must parry or allow themselves to be wounded or pierced. War. Master Hans easily<ref>likes to</ref> changes-through if the right foot is before him and stands in the change or squinter and when one is shortened against him, especially standing in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref>.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is a teaching. When you come to him with the onset, you should squint<ref>glance, discern, glean</ref> whether he stands short or straight against you. So, with this, you shall identify when he cuts into you, if he then does not stretch his arms out long from himself, then the sword is shortened. If you then lay before him in the squinter or lay before you in the fool by the head<ref>Ochs</ref>, then it is again shortened. For all windings or standings crooked in the sword in front of the opponent are short and shorten the sword. To all that hold themselves thusly, you shall freely change-through them with the long point out of cuts and out of stabs into the face. With that you threaten them such that they must parry or allow themselves to be wounded or pierced. War. Master Hans easily<ref>likes to</ref> changes-through if the right foot is before him and stands in the change or squinter and when one is shortened against him, especially standing in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref>.</p>
Line 639: Line 639:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>61</small>
 
| <small>61</small>
| ''Squint to the point, <br/>take the neck without fear.''
+
| ''Squint to the point, <br/>&emsp;take the neck without fear.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is the squinter that breaks the long point with a deception of the eyes. Execute it thusly according to Master Hans lesson: If you stand in the squinter and your right foot stands forward and he also stands in with his right foot forward in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref> with the flat near the left side of his head and hurries the point against you, then squint into that and act as if you will cut into that and run-in past under his sword with the left foot, crooked-cut into his neck and take the neck without any fear. Thereafter work with the war or whatever you wish.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is the squinter that breaks the long point with a deception of the eyes. Execute it thusly according to Master Hans lesson: If you stand in the squinter and your right foot stands forward and he also stands in with his right foot forward in the fool<ref>Ochs</ref> with the flat near the left side of his head and hurries the point against you, then squint into that and act as if you will cut into that and run-in past under his sword with the left foot, crooked-cut into his neck and take the neck without any fear. Thereafter work with the war or whatever you wish.</p>
Line 656: Line 656:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>62</small>
 
| <small>62</small>
| ''Squint to the top of the forehead <br/>if you wish to astonish<ref>Can also mean "to tame or incapacitate".</ref> its side.''<ref>This is a markedly different reading of the verse from the usual: "Squint to the top of the forehead if you wish to incapacitate the hands". Hand can either mean "hand" or "side" and Medel adds "sy" which refers to the head.</ref>
+
| ''Squint to the top of the forehead <br/>&emsp;if you wish to astonish<ref>Can also mean "to tame or incapacitate".</ref> its side.''<ref>This is a markedly different reading of the verse from the usual: "Squint to the top of the forehead if you wish to incapacitate the hands". Hand can either mean "hand" or "side" and Medel adds "sy" which refers to the head.</ref>
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you stand in the squinter with your left foot forward and he also holds himself with the left foot forward in the squinter or otherwise as he will. So snap with your sword or flat to his right side into the head. If he overlooks this, then he will be quite prodigiously<ref>could also mean 'carelessly'</ref> struck and thereafter pull swiftly and from that make a cut upon his sword to his left side into his head with the short edge. War. Others say as well: When he will cleave-in to you above or stand against you in the long point, then squint with the face as if you will strike atop the head, cut with the short edge against his cut and strike him with the point to the hands upon his sword's edge.</p>
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you stand in the squinter with your left foot forward and he also holds himself with the left foot forward in the squinter or otherwise as he will. So snap with your sword or flat to his right side into the head. If he overlooks this, then he will be quite prodigiously<ref>could also mean 'carelessly'</ref> struck and thereafter pull swiftly and from that make a cut upon his sword to his left side into his head with the short edge. War. Others say as well: When he will cleave-in to you above or stand against you in the long point, then squint with the face as if you will strike atop the head, cut with the short edge against his cut and strike him with the point to the hands upon his sword's edge.</p>
Line 667: Line 667:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>63</small>
 
| <small>63</small>
| ''The scalper <br/>is a threat to the face.''
+
| ''The scalper <br/>&emsp;is a threat to the face.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>64</small>
 
| <small>64</small>
| ''With it's turn, <br/>the chest is quickly<ref>Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.</ref> threatened.''
+
| ''With it's turn, <br/>&emsp;the chest is quickly<ref>Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.</ref> threatened.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you stand in the squinter with the right foot forward and someone hews-into you with over-cuts, etc. So swiftly throw your sword back around into the plunge-cut while he strikes, this is the scalper in the recital and the point against him well inside in the scales under his cut or sword into the face or chest. Thereafter, work whatever you wish that is quite threatening to him.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is when you stand in the squinter with the right foot forward and someone hews-into you with over-cuts, etc. So swiftly throw your sword back around into the plunge-cut while he strikes, this is the scalper in the recital and the point against him well inside in the scales under his cut or sword into the face or chest. Thereafter, work whatever you wish that is quite threatening to him.</p>
Line 688: Line 688:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>65</small>
 
| <small>65</small>
| ''What comes from him, <br/>the crown takes away.''
+
| ''What comes from him, <br/>&emsp;the crown takes away.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone has thrown-in the point at you with the scalper as is first taught. So break the crown against it, because it breaks the scalper thusly: If he also stands as such, then fall into the cut with your hilt over his blade or over the grip between both hands and move aside so he will be struck upon the head, etc. This is called the crown.</p>
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone has thrown-in the point at you with the scalper as is first taught. So break the crown against it, because it breaks the scalper thusly: If he also stands as such, then fall into the cut with your hilt over his blade or over the grip between both hands and move aside so he will be struck upon the head, etc. This is called the crown.</p>
Line 704: Line 704:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>66</small>
 
| <small>66</small>
| ''Slice through the crown, <br/>so you break the hard beautifully.''
+
| ''Slice through the crown, <br/>&emsp;so you break the hard beautifully.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>67</small>
 
| <small>67</small>
| ''Press the strike. <br/>It moves-aside with slicing.''
+
| ''Press the strike. <br/>&emsp;It moves-aside with slicing.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone moves the scalper aside with the crown in the same way as above. So follow after him and move him so you slice him in the head, etc. Then you withdraw to the side.</p>
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone moves the scalper aside with the crown in the same way as above. So follow after him and move him so you slice him in the head, etc. Then you withdraw to the side.</p>
Line 723: Line 723:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>68</small>
 
| <small>68</small>
| ''Four positions alone, <br/>from those on holds and flee the common.''
+
| ''Four positions alone, <br/>&emsp;from those on holds and flee the common.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>69</small>
 
| <small>69</small>
| ''Ox, plow, fool, <br/>from-the-roof. The three things are not worthless to you.''
+
| ''Ox, plow, fool, <br/>&emsp;from-the-roof. The three things are not worthless to you.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small style="color:#696969;">69a</small>
 
| <small style="color:#696969;">69a</small>
Line 788: Line 788:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>70</small>
 
| <small>70</small>
| ''Four are the parries <br/>that also severely disrupt the four positions.''
+
| ''Four are the parries <br/>&emsp;that also severely disrupt the four positions.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>71</small>
 
| <small>71</small>
| ''Guard yourself before Interposing. <br/>If it happens of necessity, it beleaguers you.''
+
| ''Guard yourself before Interposing. <br/>&emsp;If it happens of necessity, it beleaguers you.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' You have heard before that you shall solely fence from the four positions or guards. But on the other hand, you shall also know that the four parries severely disrupt or break those same four positions. They are the four cuts: crooked, thwart, squinter and scalper and they are nothing other than that which one thence carries him to the work. When he lies before you in a position, then when sword comes upon sword, so is each art with one another, that is, play and break from them both. Thus, you must break one of the four cuts against it.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' You have heard before that you shall solely fence from the four positions or guards. But on the other hand, you shall also know that the four parries severely disrupt or break those same four positions. They are the four cuts: crooked, thwart, squinter and scalper and they are nothing other than that which one thence carries him to the work. When he lies before you in a position, then when sword comes upon sword, so is each art with one another, that is, play and break from them both. Thus, you must break one of the four cuts against it.</p>
Line 820: Line 820:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>72</small>
 
| <small>72</small>
| ''If you are parried <br/>and as that comes to be,''
+
| ''If you are parried <br/>&emsp;and as that comes to be,''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>73</small>
 
| <small>73</small>
| ''hear what I advise you: <br/>sweep- or wrench-aside, cut quickly with haste.''
+
| ''hear what I advise you: <br/>&emsp;sweep- or wrench-aside, cut quickly with haste.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is as you come into that, such that you have become parried, so note: if he parries an over-cut, then drive into the parrying with the pommel above his parried hand and with that wrench it aside downward and with the wrenching, strike him upon the head with the sword. Thereafter, you may fall with the left hand well into the blade and step behind him with the left foot and with the left arm in front of the throat and throw and balance him over the foot and that is called an over break-in.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is as you come into that, such that you have become parried, so note: if he parries an over-cut, then drive into the parrying with the pommel above his parried hand and with that wrench it aside downward and with the wrenching, strike him upon the head with the sword. Thereafter, you may fall with the left hand well into the blade and step behind him with the left foot and with the left arm in front of the throat and throw and balance him over the foot and that is called an over break-in.</p>
Line 842: Line 842:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>74</small>
 
| <small>74</small>
| ''Set upon the four ends, <br/>remain thereupon, if you wish to learn to end.''
+
| ''Set upon the four ends, <br/>&emsp;remain thereupon, if you wish to learn to end.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you [?]<ref>no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"</ref> from the four settings-on, those are: the two crooked settings-on to both sides, the plow with the point out forward upon the ground, not crooked and from-the-roof. You will therein take one of which for yourself or you shall remain upon that and bring-forth your work and finishing the advance with the after.</p>
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when you [?]<ref>no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"</ref> from the four settings-on, those are: the two crooked settings-on to both sides, the plow with the point out forward upon the ground, not crooked and from-the-roof. You will therein take one of which for yourself or you shall remain upon that and bring-forth your work and finishing the advance with the after.</p>
Line 870: Line 870:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>75</small>
 
| <small>75</small>
| ''Learn the racing-after. <br/>Double or slice into the weapon.''
+
| ''Learn the racing-after. <br/>&emsp;Double or slice into the weapon.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Firstly note a general lesson that the racings-after are many and diverse and are called to execute with great prudence against the fencer that fences from free and from long cuts and otherwise does not cut with the proper art of the sword, etc. And this is according to the text: You shall properly learn the racings-after, because they are double.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Firstly note a general lesson that the racings-after are many and diverse and are called to execute with great prudence against the fencer that fences from free and from long cuts and otherwise does not cut with the proper art of the sword, etc. And this is according to the text: You shall properly learn the racings-after, because they are double.</p>
Line 900: Line 900:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_34r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.2º.5_34r.jpg|300x300px|center]]
| <p>'''A good lesson about the racing-after'''
+
| <p>'''A good lesson about the racing-after'''</p>
When you fence with someone, then bind upon his sword strongly and remain thusly laying strongly and press him strongly to the head. If he will strike-around, then remain upon the sword and press down strongly so he has no power. In the same way, always race-after him strongly above into the head.</p>
+
 
 +
<p>When you fence with someone, then bind upon his sword strongly and remain thusly laying strongly and press him strongly to the head. If he will strike-around, then remain upon the sword and press down strongly so he has no power. In the same way, always race-after him strongly above into the head.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.5 34r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
Line 920: Line 921:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>76</small>
 
| <small>76</small>
| ''The two outer marriages and the two inner marriages, <br/>with them your work begins''
+
| ''The two outer marriages and the two inner marriages, <br/>&emsp;with them your work begins''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>77</small>
 
| <small>77</small>
| ''and test the attacks <br/>whether they are soft or hard.''
+
| ''and test the attacks <br/>&emsp;whether they are soft or hard.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall note that the marriages will also be called racing-after and when you come upon his sword with yours, then you shall test with the attack whether he is soft or hard. Thereafter, you shall begin your work. That is as so: When someone stands against you in the outer marriages (because those are two, one to each side) and stands with his right foot forward and hangs with a flat sword from the scalper, the fool or plunge-cut with the point down as with the roof, if he stands in the outer marriage on his right side, then come to his as well with the same outer marriage from your right side countering upon his sword and in the clashing of the sword, wind-in swiftly under his sword into the head, to the opening or quite across to his left shoulder such that your sword comes or lays above and your thumb stands underneath. Wherever he will then protect<ref>alt: exit</ref>, then drive after him in-the-moment or if he throws you over with force, then ward yourself with striking or warring. Then you both come crooked into the winding. But if you do not wish to counter him with that, then you may also set or work with the thwart or other cuts, etc. That is the first outer marriage.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall note that the marriages will also be called racing-after and when you come upon his sword with yours, then you shall test with the attack whether he is soft or hard. Thereafter, you shall begin your work. That is as so: When someone stands against you in the outer marriages (because those are two, one to each side) and stands with his right foot forward and hangs with a flat sword from the scalper, the fool or plunge-cut with the point down as with the roof, if he stands in the outer marriage on his right side, then come to his as well with the same outer marriage from your right side countering upon his sword and in the clashing of the sword, wind-in swiftly under his sword into the head, to the opening or quite across to his left shoulder such that your sword comes or lays above and your thumb stands underneath. Wherever he will then protect<ref>alt: exit</ref>, then drive after him in-the-moment or if he throws you over with force, then ward yourself with striking or warring. Then you both come crooked into the winding. But if you do not wish to counter him with that, then you may also set or work with the thwart or other cuts, etc. That is the first outer marriage.</p>
Line 955: Line 956:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>78</small>
 
| <small>78</small>
| ''Learn the feeling. <br/>In-the-moment, the word cuts sharply.''
+
| ''Learn the feeling. <br/>&emsp;In-the-moment, the word cuts sharply.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall learn and understand the word, in-the-moment, properly, because the two things belong together and one may not exist upon the other and are the great art of fencing. Understand them thusly: When someone binds upon the sword, you shall immediately feel or perceive in that, as the swords clash together, whether he has bound-upon soft or hard and as you have perceived that, then think of the word in-the-moment, This is so that in that perceiving, you shall work swiftly according to the soft or the hard to the nearest opening. Thus he will be easily struck before he becomes aware of his.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' This is so that you shall learn and understand the word, in-the-moment, properly, because the two things belong together and one may not exist upon the other and are the great art of fencing. Understand them thusly: When someone binds upon the sword, you shall immediately feel or perceive in that, as the swords clash together, whether he has bound-upon soft or hard and as you have perceived that, then think of the word in-the-moment, This is so that in that perceiving, you shall work swiftly according to the soft or the hard to the nearest opening. Thus he will be easily struck before he becomes aware of his.</p>
Line 972: Line 973:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>79</small>
 
| <small>79</small>
| ''The twofold racings-after. <br/>If one hits, combine<ref>mitmachen: join, unite, combine, participate</ref> the high<ref>alternately: old</ref> slice.''
+
| ''The twofold racings-after. <br/>&emsp;If one hits, combine<ref>mitmachen: join, unite, combine, participate</ref> the high<ref>alternately: old</ref> slice.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note that you shall execute the racing-after doubly, that is, to both sides and also bring the slice thereon. Understand it thusly: When he mis-cuts himself before you, whether it is from the right or left sides, then cut in freely after to the opening. If he then drives up and binds upon the sword below, so note as soon as one sword clashes upon the other, then slice him by the neck or fall in-the-moment with the long edge upon his arm and take the slice. This executes to both sides.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' Note that you shall execute the racing-after doubly, that is, to both sides and also bring the slice thereon. Understand it thusly: When he mis-cuts himself before you, whether it is from the right or left sides, then cut in freely after to the opening. If he then drives up and binds upon the sword below, so note as soon as one sword clashes upon the other, then slice him by the neck or fall in-the-moment with the long edge upon his arm and take the slice. This executes to both sides.</p>
Line 983: Line 984:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>80</small>
 
| <small>80</small>
| ''Whoever aims below, <br/>run-over them above. He will be shamed.''
+
| ''Whoever aims below, <br/>&emsp;run-over them above. He will be shamed.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>81</small>
 
| <small>81</small>
| ''When it clashes above, <br/>then strengthen, that I will laud.''
+
| ''When it clashes above, <br/>&emsp;then strengthen, that I will laud.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>82</small>
 
| <small>82</small>
| ''Make you work, <br/>soft or hard or press twice.''
+
| ''Make you work, <br/>&emsp;soft or hard or press twice.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone binds-on with you, then you shall strengthen the binding-on and if he quickly strikes around to your under openings and accordingly aims, then in-the-moment run-over him inside and press-in after above with the slide or push or with the slice. War.</p>
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This is when someone binds-on with you, then you shall strengthen the binding-on and if he quickly strikes around to your under openings and accordingly aims, then in-the-moment run-over him inside and press-in after above with the slide or push or with the slice. War.</p>
Line 1,006: Line 1,007:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>83</small>
 
| <small>83</small>
| ''Learn to set-aside cut, thrust. <br/>Artfully disrupt whoever''
+
| ''Learn to set-aside cut, thrust. <br/>&emsp;Artfully disrupt whoever''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>84</small>
 
| <small>84</small>
| ''thrusts upon you such that <br/>your point hits and his breaks.''
+
| ''thrusts upon you such that <br/>&emsp;your point hits and his breaks.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>85</small>
 
| <small>85</small>
| ''Hit anytime from both sides <br/>if you will step.''
+
| ''Hit anytime from both sides <br/>&emsp;if you will step.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This so that you shall learn to set-aside artfully disrupting cut, thrust also breaking point thusly: If someone cuts or thrusts against you, plainly setting-aside and breaking strike and point from all positions and cuts or stances and setting-upon from all sides as they encroach you and hitting the point with your point or sword and setting-aside well and from that make a strike-in above with the short edge to the head to whichever side it then gives itself up. Thereafter work in-the-moment with the after and war.</p>
 
<p>'''Master Hans' Gloss:''' This so that you shall learn to set-aside artfully disrupting cut, thrust also breaking point thusly: If someone cuts or thrusts against you, plainly setting-aside and breaking strike and point from all positions and cuts or stances and setting-upon from all sides as they encroach you and hitting the point with your point or sword and setting-aside well and from that make a strike-in above with the short edge to the head to whichever side it then gives itself up. Thereafter work in-the-moment with the after and war.</p>
Line 1,033: Line 1,034:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>86</small>
 
| <small>86</small>
| ''Learn the changing-through <br/>from both sides stab with severity.''
+
| ''Learn the changing-through <br/>&emsp;from both sides stab with severity.''
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>87</small>
 
| <small>87</small>
| ''Whoever binds upon you, <br/>the changing-through shortly finds him.''
+
| ''Whoever binds upon you, <br/>&emsp;the changing-through shortly finds him.''
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' The changings-through are many and varied. You may execute them from all guards or cuts against the fencer that likes to parry and that cut to the sword and not to the openings of the body. You shall learn to execute it quite well with prudence so that one does not set-on or otherwise come-in while you change-through. Execute it thusly: When you come to him with the onset, cleave-in strongly above to the head. If he then counter-cuts against you into the sword and not to the openings of the body, then let you point slip-through below during the cut before he binds you on the sword and stab him into the other side, etc. If he becomes aware of the stab and shortly drives-after the stab with the sword and will parry, then change-through again to the other side. And always execute it when he drives to your sword with parrying. Execute this to both sides, war.</p>
 
<p>'''Gloss:''' The changings-through are many and varied. You may execute them from all guards or cuts against the fencer that likes to parry and that cut to the sword and not to the openings of the body. You shall learn to execute it quite well with prudence so that one does not set-on or otherwise come-in while you change-through. Execute it thusly: When you come to him with the onset, cleave-in strongly above to the head. If he then counter-cuts against you into the sword and not to the openings of the body, then let you point slip-through below during the cut before he binds you on the sword and stab him into the other side, etc. If he becomes aware of the stab and shortly drives-after the stab with the sword and will parry, then change-through again to the other side. And always execute it when he drives to your sword with parrying. Execute this to both sides, war.</p>

Revision as of 00:48, 3 May 2016

Hans Medel von Salzburg

A play from Medel's fencing manual
Born 15th century
Died 16th century
Occupation Fencing master
Citizenship Salzburg, Germany
Movement Liechtenauer tradition
Influences
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Manuscript(s) Codex I.6.2º.5 (1539)
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Magyar fordítás

Hans Medel von Salzburg (Hans Niedel, Hans Mendel) was an early 16th century German fencing master. Salzburg is a city in northern Austria, and he seems to have operated as a burgher and Schirmmeister there from at least 1503.[1] Little else is known about this master, but he seems to have been associated with the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer. He may have traced his lineage through Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt, a member of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer,[2] as Medel's text is the only known source that mentions the earlier master's teachings.

Medel's name is attached to a manuscript treatise on swordsmanship from 1539, including an incomplete gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital and an addendum on fencing based on "the Seven Stances". This gloss is unique in the Liechtenauer tradition in that it not only offers direct commentary on the Recital, but also demonstrates an awareness of the earlier glosses of Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck (from which a great deal of text is lifted) and Pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and even includes occasional criticisms of and corrections to their teachings. In a few places the gloss specifically describes a teaching of Hans Seydenfaden or Hans Medel, but in several more it merely attributes the teaching to "Master Hans" without indicating which one. This manuscript eventually passed into the library of Paulus Hector Mair, who bound it into the current Codex I.6.2º.5 some time after 1566; unfortunately, the extant fragment of the gloss terminates abruptly at the beginning of the section on Zucken, and the remainder of Medel's gloss is currently lost.

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde, vol. 40. Salzburg, 1900. p 177.
  2. The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. alt: right
  4. alt: side
  5. alt: defense
  6. the artist/professional doing their work
  7. alt: gladly valuing in the arts
  8. alt: gladly valuing with kindness
  9. alt: right
  10. alt: weapon
  11. eindrohen: to imminently threaten
  12. Zeck: a biting insect, ie: a tick.
  13. alt: closer, sooner
  14. this is usually the term for the severing of limbs/extremities, though can mean cutting while exiting
  15. widerschlagen: to strike against, in a reverberating sense
  16. towards
  17. severely, precisely, ruthlessly, violently
  18. videlicet: namely; to wit
  19. abhauen: to sever
  20. letz: reversed, disrupted, perverted, refuting, incorrect, twisted, unjust, left
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 The text here is hidden by a crease in the page.
  22. ansiegen: to return with victory
  23. glance, discern, glean
  24. Ochs
  25. likes to
  26. Ochs
  27. Ochs
  28. Can also mean "to tame or incapacitate".
  29. This is a markedly different reading of the verse from the usual: "Squint to the top of the forehead if you wish to incapacitate the hands". Hand can either mean "hand" or "side" and Medel adds "sy" which refers to the head.
  30. could also mean 'carelessly'
  31. Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.
  32. the leger or hut
  33. rappen: to gather, to snatch, to seize
  34. no apparent verb here. A similar construction appears below with the added phrase: "set-upon upon the four endings to both sides"
  35. alt: flying
  36. alt: wrongs, falsehoods, meanings, diminishments, mines, minings, manners, ownings, possessings.
  37. alt: exit
  38. mitmachen: join, unite, combine, participate
  39. alternately: old
  40. marginalia: 'malz' => bad, weak
  41. Or possibly "maler"
  42. Here some pages apparently have been lost, unfortunately.
  43. alt: across
  44. alt: it
  45. alt: inside
  46. alt: misleading
  47. alt: across
  48. alt: open