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Line 5,813: Line 5,813:
 
If he has thus seized you and stabs at your face, so take him away nimbly inwardly with your left hand.  Immediately set your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself from him.
 
If he has thus seized you and stabs at your face, so take him away nimbly inwardly with your left hand.  Immediately set your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself from him.
 
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If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so grab with your left hand on his right arm, step with your right foot behind his right and shove him with strength from yourself.<ref>Note: person on left side starts with the dagger in the left hand according to the illustration.</ref>
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so grab with your left hand on his right arm, step with your right foot behind his right and shove him with strength from yourself.<ref>Note: person on left side starts with the dagger in the left hand according to the illustration.</ref>
 
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If he thus shoves you from him, so step with your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself away from him. In this, step with equal feet together and stab him in his face. If he thus takes away this stab and sets this of yours off with his dagger on his right arm and grabs you with his left hand on your right arm, so grab with your left hand well under his right arm pit and twist him on your right side.<ref>Note: push down, not out</ref> Immediately step in behind and stab him in his neck.
 
If he thus shoves you from him, so step with your right leg back on your right side so you wind yourself away from him. In this, step with equal feet together and stab him in his face. If he thus takes away this stab and sets this of yours off with his dagger on his right arm and grabs you with his left hand on your right arm, so grab with your left hand well under his right arm pit and twist him on your right side.<ref>Note: push down, not out</ref> Immediately step in behind and stab him in his neck.
 
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If he has thus seized you and desires to take your dagger, so release it to him. Immediately grab with your right hand in front on his right and with the left well behind his right elbow, step with your left foot behind his right, immediately wind him above from you and below to you, thus you break his arm.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to take your dagger, so release it to him. Immediately grab with your right hand in front on his right and with the left well behind his right elbow, step with your left foot behind his right, immediately wind him above from you and below to you, thus you break his arm.
 
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If you become aware of this thrust, so fall to him with your left hand on his right and remove his thrust therewith. Immediately stab nimbly at this face and step back into a good stance.
 
If you become aware of this thrust, so fall to him with your left hand on his right and remove his thrust therewith. Immediately stab nimbly at this face and step back into a good stance.
 
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If he desires to shove you thus from himself, so step in with your left<ref>Vienna and Munich MS Latin: right.</ref> leg and grab with your left hand on his left. Press therewith under yourself, thus you will free yourself from him. Immediately thrust him nimbly in his face and simultaneously in the thrust grab with your left hand under his right armpit and shove him with strength from you.
 
If he desires to shove you thus from himself, so step in with your left<ref>Vienna and Munich MS Latin: right.</ref> leg and grab with your left hand on his left. Press therewith under yourself, thus you will free yourself from him. Immediately thrust him nimbly in his face and simultaneously in the thrust grab with your left hand under his right armpit and shove him with strength from you.
 
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If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so set your right leg back and set it off from inside out so that the dagger lies on your right arm. Immediately step in with your right leg again and with the left spring out on his right side so you have a complete thrust at him. Immediately change yourself doubly back from him.
 
If he thus thrusts doubly at you, so set your right leg back and set it off from inside out so that the dagger lies on your right arm. Immediately step in with your right leg again and with the left spring out on his right side so you have a complete thrust at him. Immediately change yourself doubly back from him.
 
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If he thus stabs in doubly, so take that away from your right side and spring with your left foot behind him on his right side; immediately snatch his right arm and stab and shove him therewith from you.
 
If he thus stabs in doubly, so take that away from your right side and spring with your left foot behind him on his right side; immediately snatch his right arm and stab and shove him therewith from you.
 
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If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so follow with your body powerfully in towards [him] as if you want to fall on him. Immediately grab with your left hand on his left elbow inwardly and shove him therewith from you, so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand behind around his body and with the right between both his legs and throw him in front of yourself, out and away.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so follow with your body powerfully in towards [him] as if you want to fall on him. Immediately grab with your left hand on his left elbow inwardly and shove him therewith from you, so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand behind around his body and with the right between both his legs and throw him in front of yourself, out and away.
 
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If he thus thrusts below at you, so set your right leg back and take away his thrust with the left hand; and with the right stab at his breast. Immediately nimbly step doubly back in [toward him] so that you have your thumb out on the rondel. Immediately snatch<ref>Latin: snatch up.</ref> his right arm and thrust at his throat, pull back [withdraw] therewith in a good stance.
 
If he thus thrusts below at you, so set your right leg back and take away his thrust with the left hand; and with the right stab at his breast. Immediately nimbly step doubly back in [toward him] so that you have your thumb out on the rondel. Immediately snatch<ref>Latin: snatch up.</ref> his right arm and thrust at his throat, pull back [withdraw] therewith in a good stance.
 
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If he desires thus to break your arm, so step with your left leg behind his right and set your left hand behind his right elbow, so you throw him on his left side and become free of the arm break without any harm.
 
If he desires thus to break your arm, so step with your left leg behind his right and set your left hand behind his right elbow, so you throw him on his left side and become free of the arm break without any harm.
 
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Line 6,019: Line 6,019:
 
If he thus stabs you a double one, so step with your right leg well into him and take that away with your half dagger. Immediately wind through to him in front of his face and thrust in doubly therewith.
 
If he thus stabs you a double one, so step with your right leg well into him and take that away with your half dagger. Immediately wind through to him in front of his face and thrust in doubly therewith.
 
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Line 6,034: Line 6,034:
 
If he is thus set on to you above and below and desires to throw you, so turn yourself immediately nimbly on your right side and grab him with your left hand above on his right; press therewith strongly under him so you will be free of him. Immediately set your left foot in front, seize him by his left arm and stab him to his throat. If he sets off the stab, so wind nimbly doubly through and stab him in his face. Immediately shove him from you therewith.
 
If he is thus set on to you above and below and desires to throw you, so turn yourself immediately nimbly on your right side and grab him with your left hand above on his right; press therewith strongly under him so you will be free of him. Immediately set your left foot in front, seize him by his left arm and stab him to his throat. If he sets off the stab, so wind nimbly doubly through and stab him in his face. Immediately shove him from you therewith.
 
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Line 6,053: Line 6,053:
 
If he thus stabs in at you above thus take it away from him with your dagger on your right arm from inside and outside. Immediately tug as if you would like to thrust to his face and change your dagger out of your right hand into your left. Immediately step with your right foot toward him and thrust to his genitals. Step therewith twice back away from him.
 
If he thus stabs in at you above thus take it away from him with your dagger on your right arm from inside and outside. Immediately tug as if you would like to thrust to his face and change your dagger out of your right hand into your left. Immediately step with your right foot toward him and thrust to his genitals. Step therewith twice back away from him.
 
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Line 6,072: Line 6,072:
 
If he should thus thrusts twice at you thus nimbly snatch with your left hand his right. Immediately change twice through at his breast and step therewith back in a good setting aside.<ref>May not represent the changing though described.</ref>
 
If he should thus thrusts twice at you thus nimbly snatch with your left hand his right. Immediately change twice through at his breast and step therewith back in a good setting aside.<ref>May not represent the changing though described.</ref>
 
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Line 6,086: Line 6,086:
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this approach: stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with this right foot forward and thrusts at your face, thus grip [grab] with your left hand well in front on his right [hand?], thus his stab is set aside. Immediately travel with your right hand with the dagger round his right leg well into the hollow of his knee and tug [pull] therewith around well toward yourself. Pull with [the dagger] below well toward yourself and shove above from yourself thus you throw him back.
 
Item: conduct yourself thus in this approach: stand with your left foot forward and hold your dagger, the thumb by your rondel.<ref>Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.</ref> If he then stands also thus against you with this right foot forward and thrusts at your face, thus grip [grab] with your left hand well in front on his right [hand?], thus his stab is set aside. Immediately travel with your right hand with the dagger round his right leg well into the hollow of his knee and tug [pull] therewith around well toward yourself. Pull with [the dagger] below well toward yourself and shove above from yourself thus you throw him back.
 
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Line 6,109: Line 6,109:
 
If he has thus taken your dagger, so travel to him with your right hand forward around his throat so you throw him over your right leg.
 
If he has thus taken your dagger, so travel to him with your right hand forward around his throat so you throw him over your right leg.
 
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Line 6,128: Line 6,128:
 
If he thus thrusts at you, so set your left leg back and set him aside with your dagger blade from one side to the other. Immediately take two steps towards him and stab him below and above at his openings.
 
If he thus thrusts at you, so set your left leg back and set him aside with your dagger blade from one side to the other. Immediately take two steps towards him and stab him below and above at his openings.
 
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Line 6,147: Line 6,147:
 
If you want to counter that, so release your right hand from your dagger and grip therewith well under his left elbow.<ref>Note: left is corrected from a right. Left is correct.</ref> Immediately shove strongly away from yourself so you can throw him and so you will be free from his hurts.
 
If you want to counter that, so release your right hand from your dagger and grip therewith well under his left elbow.<ref>Note: left is corrected from a right. Left is correct.</ref> Immediately shove strongly away from yourself so you can throw him and so you will be free from his hurts.
 
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Line 6,162: Line 6,162:
 
If you want to prevent him breaking the arm, so let your dagger also fall and grip with your left hand forward on his right. Press therewith below him thus you will be free of the arm break. Immediately step with your left leg in front of his right and seize him with your left hand by his neck so you will throw him over the same leg.
 
If you want to prevent him breaking the arm, so let your dagger also fall and grip with your left hand forward on his right. Press therewith below him thus you will be free of the arm break. Immediately step with your left leg in front of his right and seize him with your left hand by his neck so you will throw him over the same leg.
 
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Line 6,181: Line 6,181:
 
If he wishes thus to throw you, so release your right hand from your dagger and set to him well under his left arm pit. Shove him therewith over himself from you. Immediately stab him with your left hand at his face so you will be free of his.
 
If he wishes thus to throw you, so release your right hand from your dagger and set to him well under his left arm pit. Shove him therewith over himself from you. Immediately stab him with your left hand at his face so you will be free of his.
 
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Line 6,200: Line 6,200:
 
If he stabs thus at you so lay your dagger blade on your arm and take that away therewith. Immediately nimbly take two steps forward and seek the closest opening. If he sets off this of yours so tug above and thrust below at him at his genitals. Immediately set your left leg behind his right and rotate<ref>From the Latin text</ref> yourself therewith back away from him.
 
If he stabs thus at you so lay your dagger blade on your arm and take that away therewith. Immediately nimbly take two steps forward and seek the closest opening. If he sets off this of yours so tug above and thrust below at him at his genitals. Immediately set your left leg behind his right and rotate<ref>From the Latin text</ref> yourself therewith back away from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|013v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|013v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.jpg|German|lbl=221v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 200v.png|German|lbl=200v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|013v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|013v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.jpg|Latin|lbl=221v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 200v.png|Latin|lbl=200v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,223: Line 6,223:
 
If he has taken your dagger, so step with your right foot behind his left, immediately set with your right hand forward on this throat and with the left between his genitals and throw him back therewith.
 
If he has taken your dagger, so step with your right foot behind his left, immediately set with your right hand forward on this throat and with the left between his genitals and throw him back therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222r.jpg|German|lbl=222r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201r.png|German|lbl=201r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222r.jpg|Latin|lbl=222r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201r.png|Latin|lbl=201r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,243: Line 6,243:
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step back with your right leg and set that aside in front on your dagger. Immediately allow your dagger to nimbly attack from above with winding and stab his right side. And step therewith back into a good stance.
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step back with your right leg and set that aside in front on your dagger. Immediately allow your dagger to nimbly attack from above with winding and stab his right side. And step therewith back into a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|014v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222v.jpg|German|lbl=222v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201v.png|German|lbl=201v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|014v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 222v.jpg|Latin|lbl=222v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 201v.png|Latin|lbl=201v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,264: Line 6,264:
 
If he has thus wound over you, so grip with your left hand in front on his left and with the right on his dagger by his grip, so he must then release the dagger to you. Immediately tear him [it] away and stab him doubly at his face. Tug<ref>zucken; Latin – to withdraw</ref> therewith back with a good stance.
 
If he has thus wound over you, so grip with your left hand in front on his left and with the right on his dagger by his grip, so he must then release the dagger to you. Immediately tear him [it] away and stab him doubly at his face. Tug<ref>zucken; Latin – to withdraw</ref> therewith back with a good stance.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg|German|lbl=223r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202r.png|German|lbl=202r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223r.jpg|Latin|lbl=223r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202r.png|Latin|lbl=202r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38r|png}}
  
Line 6,285: Line 6,285:
 
If you have thus both grabbed each other let your dagger fall and press both his hands together. Immediately turn yourself with your left shoulder under both his arms so you may throw him or break the arm.
 
If you have thus both grabbed each other let your dagger fall and press both his hands together. Immediately turn yourself with your left shoulder under both his arms so you may throw him or break the arm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|015v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223v.jpg|German|lbl=223v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202v.png|German|lbl=202v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|015v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 223v.jpg|Latin|lbl=223v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 202v.png|Latin|lbl=202v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,304: Line 6,304:
 
If you want to break that, so attack with your left hand his chin in front shove therewith strongly behind him so he must let you go or you throw him.
 
If you want to break that, so attack with your left hand his chin in front shove therewith strongly behind him so he must let you go or you throw him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224r.jpg|German|lbl=224r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203r.png|German|lbl=203r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224r.jpg|Latin|lbl=224r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203r.png|Latin|lbl=203r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,323: Line 6,323:
 
So if you both have thus set on one another, so let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand at his right leg and with your left under his left armpit with crossed arms so you may throw him from the shears.
 
So if you both have thus set on one another, so let your dagger fall and grip with your right hand at his right leg and with your left under his left armpit with crossed arms so you may throw him from the shears.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|016v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224v.jpg|German|lbl=224v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203v.png|German|lbl=203v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|016v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 224v.jpg|Latin|lbl=224v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 203v.png|Latin|lbl=203v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,342: Line 6,342:
 
If he thus desires to break your arm, so set your right leg inwardly in front of his right. Immediately grip with your left hand well behind his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of [his] grip. Immediately step doubly at him and stab at his face.
 
If he thus desires to break your arm, so set your right leg inwardly in front of his right. Immediately grip with your left hand well behind his right elbow, shove him therewith over himself so you will be free of [his] grip. Immediately step doubly at him and stab at his face.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg|German|lbl=225r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204r.png|German|lbl=204r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225r.jpg|Latin|lbl=225r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204r.png|Latin|lbl=204r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,361: Line 6,361:
 
If he stabs thus above at you, so take that of his away from the shears with your left arm. Immediately set your dagger to him at his neck. Strike him below at his heels and throw him backwards therewith.
 
If he stabs thus above at you, so take that of his away from the shears with your left arm. Immediately set your dagger to him at his neck. Strike him below at his heels and throw him backwards therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|017v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225v.jpg|German|lbl=225v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204v.png|German|lbl=204v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|017v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 225v.jpg|Latin|lbl=225v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 204v.png|Latin|lbl=204v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39r|png}}
  
Line 6,382: Line 6,382:
 
If he then tears at you and stabs thus at you, so take away his stab. Immediately spring with your right foot well on his right side and stab him therewith at his neck. And pull yourself back from him into the change.
 
If he then tears at you and stabs thus at you, so take away his stab. Immediately spring with your right foot well on his right side and stab him therewith at his neck. And pull yourself back from him into the change.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226r.jpg|German|lbl=226r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205r.png|German|lbl=205r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226r.jpg|Latin|lbl=226r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205r.png|Latin|lbl=205r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,399: Line 6,399:
 
Immediately grip in with your left hand between his legs so you can turn him and you can also throw him therewith.
 
Immediately grip in with your left hand between his legs so you can turn him and you can also throw him therewith.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|018v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226v.jpg|German|lbl=226v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205v.png|German|lbl=205v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|018v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 226v.jpg|Latin|lbl=226v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 205v.png|Latin|lbl=205v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,416: Line 6,416:
 
If you want to break that, so grip with your left hand in front on his left, free your dagger therewith [so] that you<ref>''Inn'' - unclear whether directional or locational.</ref> come in over both his hands and set to him behind his right elbow. Shove him therewith on his right side so you break all his work. Immediately spring with your left foot well on his right side and stab him therewith behind at his neck. Immediately pull yourself back into the Change away from him.
 
If you want to break that, so grip with your left hand in front on his left, free your dagger therewith [so] that you<ref>''Inn'' - unclear whether directional or locational.</ref> come in over both his hands and set to him behind his right elbow. Shove him therewith on his right side so you break all his work. Immediately spring with your left foot well on his right side and stab him therewith behind at his neck. Immediately pull yourself back into the Change away from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg|German|lbl=227r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206r.png|German|lbl=206r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227r.jpg|Latin|lbl=227r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206r.png|Latin|lbl=206r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,433: Line 6,433:
 
If he has you thus locked, so grip with your left hand behind his right elbow and tug down also strongly to yourself so you may throw him or break his arm.
 
If he has you thus locked, so grip with your left hand behind his right elbow and tug down also strongly to yourself so you may throw him or break his arm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|019v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227v.jpg|German|lbl=227v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206v.png|German|lbl=206v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|019v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 227v.jpg|Latin|lbl=227v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 206v.png|Latin|lbl=206v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,452: Line 6,452:
 
If he thus thrusts at your face, so take that away from him on your right side with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately spring with your right foot on his right side and stab him behind at his neck or his right side. Change yourself thus twice back from him.
 
If he thus thrusts at your face, so take that away from him on your right side with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately spring with your right foot on his right side and stab him behind at his neck or his right side. Change yourself thus twice back from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228r.jpg|German|lbl=228r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207r.png|German|lbl=207r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228r.jpg|Latin|lbl=228r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207r.png|Latin|lbl=207r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,473: Line 6,473:
 
If he then tears after you, so step again with your right leg and set aside his stab with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately stab him at his face and turn yourself therewith back from him.
 
If he then tears after you, so step again with your right leg and set aside his stab with your dagger on your right arm. Immediately stab him at his face and turn yourself therewith back from him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|020v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228v.jpg|German|lbl=228v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207v.png|German|lbl=207v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|020v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 228v.jpg|Latin|lbl=228v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 207v.png|Latin|lbl=207v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,492: Line 6,492:
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so stab him with the dagger in your left hand - which you have taken from him - strongly to his face so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger<ref>The one in the left hand?</ref> fall and set your left foot behind his right and grip him with your left hand around his neck so you will throw him over that same leg. And [so] all his work is countered.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to break your arm, so stab him with the dagger in your left hand - which you have taken from him - strongly to his face so he must release you. Immediately let your dagger<ref>The one in the left hand?</ref> fall and set your left foot behind his right and grip him with your left hand around his neck so you will throw him over that same leg. And [so] all his work is countered.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg|German|lbl=229r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208r.png|German|lbl=208r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229r.jpg|Latin|lbl=229r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208r.png|Latin|lbl=208r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|38v|png}}
  
Line 6,513: Line 6,513:
 
If he has thus set upon you and wishes to make himself free, so follow after him with your left leg and shove him below and above well over himself so you throw him back.
 
If he has thus set upon you and wishes to make himself free, so follow after him with your left leg and shove him below and above well over himself so you throw him back.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|021v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229v.jpg|German|lbl=229v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208v.png|German|lbl=208v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|021v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 229v.jpg|Latin|lbl=229v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 208v.png|Latin|lbl=208v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.I.6.2º.4|39v|png}}
  
Line 6,530: Line 6,530:
 
If he takes that away from you, so step with your left leg between both his legs. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand his right arm and with the right at his left turn him therewith away from you. Immediately grab with your right hand nimbly below at his right arm, the left around his neck, thus you break his arm or you throw him over your left leg.
 
If he takes that away from you, so step with your left leg between both his legs. Immediately let your dagger fall and grab with your left hand his right arm and with the right at his left turn him therewith away from you. Immediately grab with your right hand nimbly below at his right arm, the left around his neck, thus you break his arm or you throw him over your left leg.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230r.jpg|German|lbl=230r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209r.png|German|lbl=209r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230r.jpg|Latin|lbl=230r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209r.png|Latin|lbl=209r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,545: Line 6,545:
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so let your dagger nimbly fall and grab him with both arms on his chest in under the armpits. Immediately press his head under himself with your chest and set yourself well low in the Scales so you will throw him over his head out and away.
 
If he has thus seized you and desires to throw you, so let your dagger nimbly fall and grab him with both arms on his chest in under the armpits. Immediately press his head under himself with your chest and set yourself well low in the Scales so you will throw him over his head out and away.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|022v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230v.jpg|German|lbl=230v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209v.png|German|lbl=209v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|022v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 230v.jpg|Latin|lbl=230v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 209v.png|Latin|lbl=209v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,560: Line 6,560:
 
If he wants thus to break your arm, so bend yourself well under yourself and grab with your left hand on his left leg. Heave therewith well over itself so he must release you, and throw him.
 
If he wants thus to break your arm, so bend yourself well under yourself and grab with your left hand on his left leg. Heave therewith well over itself so he must release you, and throw him.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231r.jpg|German|lbl=231r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210r.png|German|lbl=210r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231r.jpg|Latin|lbl=231r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210r.png|Latin|lbl=210r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,575: Line 6,575:
 
If he then stands thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him from inside at his breast. Immediately travel to him with your left hand with the dagger well behind over his right arm so that the dagger stands in front by his right arm pit. Immediately grab him with your right hand from outside around his right leg; heave herewith well over itself and push above under itself so you will throw him and he can come to no more work.
 
If he then stands thus against you with his right foot forward, so stab him from inside at his breast. Immediately travel to him with your left hand with the dagger well behind over his right arm so that the dagger stands in front by his right arm pit. Immediately grab him with your right hand from outside around his right leg; heave herewith well over itself and push above under itself so you will throw him and he can come to no more work.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|023v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231v.jpg|German|lbl=231v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210v.png|German|lbl=210v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|023v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 231v.jpg|Latin|lbl=231v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 210v.png|Latin|lbl=210v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,592: Line 6,592:
 
If he thus stabs you at your genitals, so nimbly snatch his right hand with your left and throw him therewith in front of himself on his face.
 
If he thus stabs you at your genitals, so nimbly snatch his right hand with your left and throw him therewith in front of himself on his face.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024r|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024r|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232r.jpg|German|lbl=232r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211r.png|German|lbl=211r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232r.jpg|Latin|lbl=232r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211r.png|Latin|lbl=211r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,607: Line 6,607:
 
When you both have fallen so that his head comes between both your legs, immediately grab with your left hand between his genitals and with your right [hand] under his right armpit over his right arm so that his dagger lies over your arm, and kneel on his breast well by his neck so that you also trap his left hand with your leg. And if he strikes his right foot around the neck, so press him with your left hand at his genitals well under himself, so you hold him captive and he can do you no harm.
 
When you both have fallen so that his head comes between both your legs, immediately grab with your left hand between his genitals and with your right [hand] under his right armpit over his right arm so that his dagger lies over your arm, and kneel on his breast well by his neck so that you also trap his left hand with your leg. And if he strikes his right foot around the neck, so press him with your left hand at his genitals well under himself, so you hold him captive and he can do you no harm.
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024v|png}}
 
| {{paget|page:MS Dresd.C.94|024v|png}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg|German|lbl=232v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211v.png|German|lbl=211v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|024v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 232v.jpg|Latin|lbl=232v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 211v.png|Latin|lbl=211v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,624: Line 6,624:
 
If he he thus seized you above and below, so grab with your left [hand] and inwardly on his arm and thrust therewith strongly under itself, and with the high stab [thrust] strongly at the face or the breast so you make yourself free from the throw.
 
If he he thus seized you above and below, so grab with your left [hand] and inwardly on his arm and thrust therewith strongly under itself, and with the high stab [thrust] strongly at the face or the breast so you make yourself free from the throw.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233r.jpg|German|lbl=233r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212r.png|German|lbl=212r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233r.jpg|Latin|lbl=233r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212r.png|Latin|lbl=212r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,645: Line 6,645:
 
If he has thus seized you by the neck and wants to pull you with him in falling, so release your left hand from his right and strike with your left inwardly in the middle of his arm on your left side so he must let go the arm which he has he has thrown around your neck and you escape the fall.
 
If he has thus seized you by the neck and wants to pull you with him in falling, so release your left hand from his right and strike with your left inwardly in the middle of his arm on your left side so he must let go the arm which he has he has thrown around your neck and you escape the fall.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233v.jpg|German|lbl=233v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212v.png|German|lbl=212v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|025v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 233v.jpg|Latin|lbl=233v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 212v.png|Latin|lbl=212v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,662: Line 6,662:
 
If he has seized you above and pulled you thus under yourself in front of yourself so twist your right arm and stab from above behind [immediately or in forward] on his left arm and grab therewith with your left inward well in front on the arm by his hand and shove therewith strongly on the side from you and in that so wind yourself with your body from your left side on your right well under through so you wind yourself thus [away] from him.
 
If he has seized you above and pulled you thus under yourself in front of yourself so twist your right arm and stab from above behind [immediately or in forward] on his left arm and grab therewith with your left inward well in front on the arm by his hand and shove therewith strongly on the side from you and in that so wind yourself with your body from your left side on your right well under through so you wind yourself thus [away] from him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg|German|lbl=234r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213r.png|German|lbl=213r}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026r|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026r|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234r.jpg|Latin|lbl=234r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213r.png|Latin|lbl=213r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,679: Line 6,679:
 
If he stabs thus at you, and you with crossed arms stand thus in the low Scales, so go against with the left hand on his right arm, and seize him well by the elbow and step therewith with your left leg outwardly in front of his right, and stab him therewith with your dagger well outward, in through under the back of his knee and heave therewith with the arm well over itself, and with the left, shove above his right well from you, so he must fall backward; then he is trapped above and below, and brought into difficulties.
 
If he stabs thus at you, and you with crossed arms stand thus in the low Scales, so go against with the left hand on his right arm, and seize him well by the elbow and step therewith with your left leg outwardly in front of his right, and stab him therewith with your dagger well outward, in through under the back of his knee and heave therewith with the arm well over itself, and with the left, shove above his right well from you, so he must fall backward; then he is trapped above and below, and brought into difficulties.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234v.jpg|German|lbl=234v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213v.png|German|lbl=213v}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026v|jpg}}
 
| {{paget|page:Cod.icon. 393 II|026v|jpg}}
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 234v.jpg|Latin|lbl=234v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 213v.png|Latin|lbl=213v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,692: Line 6,692:
 
Item: If one meets you thus in the onset, and you stand with your left foot forward, and he stabs you thus at the body, so step with your left foot against him and grab in nimbly with your left hand at his right arm, and push therewith strongly under itself, so you take away his stab. If he then thus takes away your stab, so spring with your right behind his left foot and stab him [in that] nimbly at his face; so that you all can also work at one another.
 
Item: If one meets you thus in the onset, and you stand with your left foot forward, and he stabs you thus at the body, so step with your left foot against him and grab in nimbly with your left hand at his right arm, and push therewith strongly under itself, so you take away his stab. If he then thus takes away your stab, so spring with your right behind his left foot and stab him [in that] nimbly at his face; so that you all can also work at one another.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235r.jpg|German|lbl=235r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214r.png|German|lbl=214r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235r.jpg|Latin|lbl=235r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214r.png|Latin|lbl=214r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,707: Line 6,707:
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring immediately nimbly with your left behind his right foot and grab with your left hand nimbly at his neck. So you will be free of the arm break and you work yourself away from him.
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring immediately nimbly with your left behind his right foot and grab with your left hand nimbly at his neck. So you will be free of the arm break and you work yourself away from him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235v.jpg|German|lbl=235v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214v.png|German|lbl=214v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 235v.jpg|Latin|lbl=235v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 214v.png|Latin|lbl=214v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,724: Line 6,724:
 
Let the dagger sink nimbly in the hand on your right arm so you take away his stab.
 
Let the dagger sink nimbly in the hand on your right arm so you take away his stab.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236r.jpg|German|lbl=236r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.png|German|lbl=215r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236r.jpg|Latin|lbl=236r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215r.png|Latin|lbl=215r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,739: Line 6,739:
 
[If he belabors you thusly] [If he works thus toward you] If he thus sets you up, so step immediately swiftly with your right in front of his left foot. And travel with your left arm well above itself at stab at him. [?] you to him [?] can. so you can become free of him.
 
[If he belabors you thusly] [If he works thus toward you] If he thus sets you up, so step immediately swiftly with your right in front of his left foot. And travel with your left arm well above itself at stab at him. [?] you to him [?] can. so you can become free of him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236v.jpg|German|lbl=236v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.png|German|lbl=215v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 236v.jpg|Latin|lbl=236v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 215v.png|Latin|lbl=215v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,754: Line 6,754:
 
If he has you thus, so grab with your left [hand] inwardly at his right hand next to the dagger and press from above with your right his left arm well under itself so you save [defend] yourself from his stab.
 
If he has you thus, so grab with your left [hand] inwardly at his right hand next to the dagger and press from above with your right his left arm well under itself so you save [defend] yourself from his stab.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237r.jpg|German|lbl=237r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216r.png|German|lbl=216r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237r.jpg|Latin|lbl=237r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216r.png|Latin|lbl=216r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,771: Line 6,771:
 
If he has thus caught you with the dagger, so step with your right in front of his right foot and travel with your left at the dagger pommel and twist yourself over it so you free yourself from the arm break.
 
If he has thus caught you with the dagger, so step with your right in front of his right foot and travel with your left at the dagger pommel and twist yourself over it so you free yourself from the arm break.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237v.jpg|German|lbl=237v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216v.png|German|lbl=216v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 237v.jpg|Latin|lbl=237v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 216v.png|Latin|lbl=216v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,788: Line 6,788:
 
If he thus stabs at you, so spring with your left behind his right foot and pull him by the left shoulder strongly to you so he has to give up from his stab and you move him under yourself.
 
If he thus stabs at you, so spring with your left behind his right foot and pull him by the left shoulder strongly to you so he has to give up from his stab and you move him under yourself.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238r.jpg|German|lbl=238r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217r.png|German|lbl=217r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238r.jpg|Latin|lbl=238r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217r.png|Latin|lbl=217r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,803: Line 6,803:
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring quickly with your right foot into a triangle and with the left foot back and stab with your right hand at his body so you make yourself free of him.
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring quickly with your right foot into a triangle and with the left foot back and stab with your right hand at his body so you make yourself free of him.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238v.jpg|German|lbl=238v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217v.png|German|lbl=217v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 238v.jpg|Latin|lbl=238v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 217v.png|Latin|lbl=217v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,820: Line 6,820:
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring with your right foot into [the] triangle and give [set] yourself with your entire body under itself into the Scales so you all come free of each other.
 
If he has thus seized you, so spring with your right foot into [the] triangle and give [set] yourself with your entire body under itself into the Scales so you all come free of each other.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239r.jpg|German|lbl=239r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218r.png|German|lbl=218r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239r.jpg|Latin|lbl=239r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218r.png|Latin|lbl=218r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,834: Line 6,834:
 
If he has thus attacked you, so step with your left foot back into the triangle so both of you can come again to free working [free running, free action][unobstructed action].
 
If he has thus attacked you, so step with your left foot back into the triangle so both of you can come again to free working [free running, free action][unobstructed action].
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239v.jpg|German|lbl=239v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.png|German|lbl=218v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 239v.jpg|Latin|lbl=239v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 218v.png|Latin|lbl=218v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,849: Line 6,849:
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step with your left foot forward, let the dagger sink onto the right arm and thrust therewith his caught stab well in front of [him or itself]. Immediately let the dagger nimbly fall and grab with both hands from above in front of his two arms; press therewith strongly under yourself and spring with your right behind his left foot and throw him on the side.
 
If he thus stabs at you, so step with your left foot forward, let the dagger sink onto the right arm and thrust therewith his caught stab well in front of [him or itself]. Immediately let the dagger nimbly fall and grab with both hands from above in front of his two arms; press therewith strongly under yourself and spring with your right behind his left foot and throw him on the side.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240r.jpg|German|lbl=240r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219r.png|German|lbl=219r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240r.jpg|Latin|lbl=240r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219r.png|Latin|lbl=219r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,864: Line 6,864:
 
If he has thus seized you, so step with your right foot inwardly [inside of] his right foot and fall to him with both hands on his two arms; push him strongly on the side so you throw him under yourself.
 
If he has thus seized you, so step with your right foot inwardly [inside of] his right foot and fall to him with both hands on his two arms; push him strongly on the side so you throw him under yourself.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240v.jpg|German|lbl=240v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219v.png|German|lbl=219v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 240v.jpg|Latin|lbl=240v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 219v.png|Latin|lbl=219v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,879: Line 6,879:
 
If he thus wants to make himself, free so stab him from above at the face, and travel fully in, stab him with the dagger at his right side around the neck, and travel with your left hand in front under through and seize the point of the dagger, spring with your right behind with his right foot and tug therewith strongly from above down to you, so you throw him in front of your right foot.
 
If he thus wants to make himself, free so stab him from above at the face, and travel fully in, stab him with the dagger at his right side around the neck, and travel with your left hand in front under through and seize the point of the dagger, spring with your right behind with his right foot and tug therewith strongly from above down to you, so you throw him in front of your right foot.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241r.jpg|German|lbl=241r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220r.png|German|lbl=220r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241r.jpg|Latin|lbl=241r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220r.png|Latin|lbl=220r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,894: Line 6,894:
 
If he stabs thus at you, so set aside the stab with the elbow step with your left foot in front of his left foot and travel nimbly to him with your dagger around his neck, and spring with your right behind his right foot and tug him therewith by the neck well under himself in the Scales, so you will throw him over the right leg.
 
If he stabs thus at you, so set aside the stab with the elbow step with your left foot in front of his left foot and travel nimbly to him with your dagger around his neck, and spring with your right behind his right foot and tug him therewith by the neck well under himself in the Scales, so you will throw him over the right leg.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241v.jpg|German|lbl=241v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220v.png|German|lbl=220v}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 241v.jpg|Latin|lbl=241v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 220v.png|Latin|lbl=220v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 6,909: Line 6,909:
 
If he thrusts thus at you, so travel with both crossed arms over themselves and set aside the stab therewith. Step immediately nimbly with your right in front of his right foot and do to him what you can.
 
If he thrusts thus at you, so travel with both crossed arms over themselves and set aside the stab therewith. Step immediately nimbly with your right in front of his right foot and do to him what you can.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242r.jpg|German|lbl=242r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221r.png|German|lbl=221r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242r.jpg|Latin|lbl=242r}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221r.png|Latin|lbl=221r}}
 
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|  
  
Line 6,924: Line 6,924:
 
If he encounters you thus and you stand equally upright in front of him, so step with your right foot back, you step out of the grab-and-stab. Immediately, so spring with your left foot in triangle and stab at his body.
 
If he encounters you thus and you stand equally upright in front of him, so step with your right foot back, you step out of the grab-and-stab. Immediately, so spring with your left foot in triangle and stab at his body.
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242v.jpg|German|lbl=242v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.png|German|lbl=221v}}
 
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| {{section|page:Cod.10825 242v.jpg|Latin|lbl=242v}}
+
| {{section|page:Cod.10825 221v.png|Latin|lbl=221v}}
 
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Revision as of 03:45, 12 December 2018

Paulus Hector Mair

"Mair", Cod.icon. 312b f 64r
Born 1517
Augsburg, Germany
Died 10 Dec 1579 (age 62)
Augsburg, Germany
Occupation
  • Civil servant
  • Historian
Movement
Influences
Genres
Language
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Knight and Hunt, 2008
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Traduction française
Signature Paulus Hector Mair Sig.png

Paulus Hector Mair (Paulsen Hektor Mair, Paulus Hector Meyer; 1517 – 1579) was a 16th century German aristocrat, civil servant, and fencer. He was born in 1517 to a wealthy and influential Augsburg patrician family. In his youth, he likely received training in fencing and grappling from the masters of Augsburg fencing guild, and early on developed a deep fascination with fencing treatises. He began his civil service as a secretary to the Augsburg City Council; by 1541, Mair was the City Treasurer, and in 1545 he also took on the office of Master of Rations.

Mair's martial background is unknown, but as a citizen of a free city he would have had military obligations whenever the city went to war, and as a member of a patrician family he likely served in the cavalry. He was also an avid collector of fencing treatises and other literature on military history. Like his contemporary Joachim Meÿer, Mair believed that the Medieval martial arts were being forgotten, and he saw this as a tragedy, idealizing the arts of fencing as a civilizing and character-building influence on men. Where Meÿer sought to update the traditional fencing systems and apply them to contemporary weapons of war and defense, Mair was more interested in preserving historical teachings intact. Thus, some time in the latter part of the 1540s he commissioned what would become the most extensive compendium of German fencing treatises ever made, a massive two-volume manuscript compiling virtually every fencing treatise he could access. He retained Jörg Breu the Younger to create the illustrations for the text,[1] and hired two Augsburg fencers to pose for the illustrations.[2] This project was extraordinarily expensive and took at least four years to complete. Ultimately, three copies of this compendium were produced, each more extensive than the last; the first (MSS Dresden C.93/C.94) was written in Early New High German, the second and most artistically ambitious (Cod.icon. 393) in New Latin, and the rougher third version (Cod. 10825/10826) incorporated both languages.

Beginning in the 1540s, Mair began purchasing older fencing manuscripts, some from fellow collector Lienhart Sollinger (a Freifechter who lived in Augsburg for many years) and others from auctions. Perhaps most significant of all of his acquisitions was the partially-completed treatise of Antonius Rast, a Master of the Long Sword and three-time Captain of the Marxbrüder fencing guild. The venerable master left it incomplete when he died in 1549, and Mair ultimately produced a complete fencing manual (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82) based on his notes. Ultimately, he owned over a dozen fencing manuscripts over the course of his life, including the following:

He also used several printed books as source material for his compendia, and presumably owned copies, including Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (compiled by Christian Egenolff), Opera Nova by Achille Marozzo, and Ringer Kunst by Fabian von Auerswald.

Mair not only spent incredible sums of money on his fencing interests, but generally lead a lavish lifestyle and maintained his political influence with expensive parties and other entertainments for the burghers and patricians of Augsburg. This habit of living far beyond his means for decades exhausted his family's wealth, eventually leading him to sell the Latin version of his fencing manuscript (netting the princely sum of 800 florins) and finally to begin embezzling money from the Augsburg city coffers. This embezzlement was not discovered for many years (or perhaps was overlooked due to the favor his parties garnered), until finally in 1579 a disgruntled assistant reported him to the Augsburg City Council and provoked an audit of his books. Mair was arrested, tried, and hanged as a thief at the age of 62. After Mair's death, his effects (including his library) were sold at auction to recoup some of the funds he had embezzled.

Whether viewed as an unwise scholar who paid the ultimate price for his art or an ignoble thief who violated his city's trust, Mair remains one of the most influential figures in the history of Kunst des Fechtens. By completing the fencing manual of Antonius Rast, Mair gave us valuable insight into the Nuremberg fencing tradition; his own works are impressive on both an artistic and practical level, and his extensive commentary on the uncaptioned treatises in his collection serves to make potentially useful training aids out of what would otherwise be mere curiosities. Finally, in purchasing so many important fencing treatises he succeeded in preserving them for future generations; they were purchased by the fabulously wealthy Fugger family after his death and ultimately passed to the Augsburg University Library, where they remain to this day.

Treatise

Much of Mair's content represents his revision and expansion of the older treatises listed above, including adding descriptive content to uncaptioned images. Where available, these images are displayed in the left-most column, labeled "Source Images", for comparison purposes. Mair's own illustrations appear in the second image column, alongside the translation.

The Dresden version contains the fewest devices and artwork most reminiscent of Breu's style, and appears therefore to be the original copy. The Munich adds additional plays and sections on top of the Dresden's contents, and the Vienna likewise augments the Munich, suggesting that this is likely order of creation; conversely, the Dresden has no unique content, and the only unique plays in the Munich are in the section on jousting. To give a visual sense of this evolution of the work, the Dresden illustrations are used wherever possible; the Munich illustrations appear only in those plays that are omitted from the Dresden, and the Vienna in those that are unique to that work.

Additional Resources

  • Hunt, Brian. "Paulus Hector Mair: Peasant Staff and Flail." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
  • Knight, David James, and Hunt, Brian. The Polearms of Paulus Hector Mair. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-644-7
  • Welle, Rainer. "…und wisse das alle höbischeit kompt von deme ringen". Der Ringkampf als adelige Kunst im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert. Pfaffenweiler: Centaurus-Verlagsgesellschaft, 1993. ISBN 3-89085-755-8

References

  1. Breu is not listed in the Augsburg tax records in 1542-3; given Mair's youth, he most likely hired Breu between his return in 1544 and his death in 1547.
  2. Hils 1985, pp 197-201.
  3. Further, incidentally.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Chronicon Abbatis Urspergensis, the Chronicle of Burchard of Ursberg (13th century), printed in Augsburg 1515.
  5. The amphitheatre of Fidenae (the modern Borgata Fidena, a suburb of Rome), endowed by a freed slave named Atilius, collapsed in 27 BC under the weight of a large crowd of spectators, apparently due to faults in construction. According to the (likely exaggerated) account by Tacitus (Annales, 4.63), a total of 50,000 people died in the collapse.
  6. wohl Gaius Sallustius Crispus Passienus (starb 47 n. Chr.)
  7. The preceding three paragraphs are missing in the Dresden version.
  8. Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (ca. 71 – ca. 135), author of De vita Caesarum (ca. AD 120).
  9. Dresden version: four hundred.
  10. Marcus Antonius Gordianus Pius (225 – 244), Marcus Iulius Philippus (ca. 204 - 249)
  11. Claudius Galenus of Pergamum (AD 131 – 201)
  12. This may be in reference to 2 Timothy 2:4, rendered by Luther (1522) as: Niemant streyttet vnnd flicht sich ynn der narung geschefft, auff das er gefalle dem, der yhn zum streytter auffgenomen hat "None who would fight does meddle in the business of sustenance, so that he may please him who employed him as a fighter". Now Luthers narung "sustenance, nutrition, food" offers itself to an interpretation of "gluttony; carnal pleasure", but it translates pragmateiai biou, meaning "the pragmatics of life", i.e. "everyday business". c.f. Tyndale (1526), who has "No man that warreth, entangleth himself with worldly business, and that because he would please him that hath chosen him to be a soldier"; Dresden has "temporal" (zeitlich) rather than "transient" (zergenglich).
  13. This is a reference to Pliny, Nat. Hist. 30.32: "When a freedman of Nero was giving a gladiatorial show at Antium, the public porticoes were covered with paintings, so we are told, containing life-like portraits of all the gladiators and assistants. This portraiture of gladiators has been the highest interest in art for many centuries now, but it was Gaius Terentius who began the practice of having pictures made of gladiatorial shows and exhibited in public; in honour of his grandfather who had adopted him he provided thirty pairs of Gladiators in the Forum for three consecutive days, and exhibited a picture of the matches in the Grove of Diana."
  14. Anacharsis the Scythian, according to Herodotus (4.46, 76 f.) brother of the Scythian king Saulinos; attributed to him are inventions such as the anchor, bellows and pottery wheel. He was slain by his brother after he returned from a journey to Greece and began to advocate Greek culture to his countrymen. He is sometimes counted as one of the Seven Sages of Athens. Among a number of letters attributed to him is one addressed to the Lydian king Croesus.
  15. Johannes Aventinus (Johann Georg Turmair von Abensberg, 1477–1534), historiographer at the Bavarian court.
  16. Gampar is the seventh king in the (fictional) genealogy of the kings of the ancient Germans going back to the Great Flood in Aventinus' Annales (1522). Aventinus gives Gampar's regnal years as 1711–1667 BC.
  17. Eusebius of Caesarea (ca. 275 – 339)
  18. Pittakos of Mitylene (Lesbos), 7th c. BC, one of the Seven Sages. He led the Mitylenians against the Athenians and arranged a duel with Phrynon, an Olympic champion in pankration, by which to settle the war. He defeated Phrynon by trapping him in a net. The greater Ajay met Hector in place of Achilles (Iliad 7.181), the fight lasted the entire day and Hector was lightly wounded, and the heroes then parted with mutual respect. Porus, "king of India" was defeated by Alexander in the battle of Hydaspes in 326 BC. I have so far failed to identify Pyrechmen and Degmemnus.
  19. Mair gives more detail on this judicial duel of 1409 in the second volume. According to this account, the combatants were Wilhelm Marschalk von Dornsberg and Theodor Haschenacker, and the shields of the combatants were preserved in St. Leonard's church outside of the city until the tower of this church was demolished on 3 November 1542.
  20. Regum et imperatorum apophthegmata ("Sayings of kings and emperors") in Plutarch's Moralia.
  21. Vienna: mit schaden "with damage", Dresden: mit schanden "with dishonour/ignominy".
  22. Tacitus' Germania was unknown during the medieval period; rediscovered in 1455, the text was popularized in German humanism only from c. 1500; it is summarized by Aventinus, who is Mair's source, in his Annales ducum Boiariae (1522), the German-language edition of which (Bairische Chronik 1533) was just about ten years old when Mair wrote his text.
  23. pafese read for gafese (i.e. pavese, the infantry shields comparable to the Roman rectangular shields of the early imperial period)
  24. Tuisto is the primeval god of the Germanic peoples according to Tacitus. Aventinus euhemerizes him as the grandson of Noah and first king of the Germans (r. 2214–2038 BC). Herman here is not the historical Arminius, but the fifth king in Aventinus' list (r. 1820–1757 BC), founder of the Herminones or continental Germans.
  25. Mair's source is the Turnierbuch of Georg Rüxner (c. 1490), edited in Augsburg by Marx Würsung (1518). Rüxner describes a series of 36 "imperial tournaments" (Reichs-Turniere) between 938 and 1487, beginning with a legendary tournament held in Magdeburg during what Rüxner makes out as the reign of Henry I the Fowler.
  26. the successive Habsburg emperors Frederick III, Maximilian I and Charles V, spanning the period since the supposed disestablishment of the knightly tournament and the establishment of the Brotherhood of St. Mark or Marxbrüder. The Freifechter denounced by Mair seem to represent an early form of the guild later known as Federfechter (unless the term still has a generic meaning, frei as in "unincorporated").
  27. Schlaraffenland is the German adaptation of Coquaigne (Cucania), first encountered in the 15th century (as schlauraff, schluderaffe) and popularised by Hans Sachs (1558). The name seems to originate as an (unattested) medieval slur meaning "lazy idler", schlu(de)r-affe, lit. "drooping ape".
  28. Ligatura non sequitur.
  29. Non sequitur.
  30. Ninus: the legendary founder of Nineveh according to Ctesias (Persica, ca. 400 BC); Ctesias' Sardanapolus corresponds to Ashurbanipal (669 - 627 BC); Ctesias is a rather unreliable source by comparison with Herodotus and the Ptolemaic king list; but in any case knowledge on the Assyrian empire was very limited before the decipherment of cuneiform in the 1850s.
  31. Gideon: Judges 7:4-7; David: Psalm 144:1: "Blessed be the LORD my strength, which teacheth my hands to war, and my fingers to fight" (KJV).
  32. Mair writes “Kunstfechtbuch”; “art of fencing” would be “Fechtkunst”. It is not clear whether this is just a question of usage or a deliberate difference.
  33. Welsch” refers to neighbouring peoples speaking a romance language, so it could mean French, Italian, Spanish or Romansh.
  34. German rappier, Latin ensibus Hispanis
  35. The Cod. icon. 393 text translates to “Fencing on foot, in which we use round shields and Spanish swords, in the fashion of the Italians, is 56 plays”).
  36. Mair here uses “die Wag” (pl. “Wagen”), which I am assuming refers to “balance scale” (die Waage, pl. Waagen), and by extension the structure providing for the balance. It could also be derived from “wagen” (to dare), but the derivation is not convincing. A derivation from “der Wagen” (cart, carriage) is linguistically not supported. The other two MS do not contain this passage, so a comparison is not possible.
  37. 'Long edge' is not listed in ty.
  38. sic : beide
  39. Marginalie unleserlich
  40. ”streck dein leyb und deine armen wol”
  41. sic : seinem ?
  42. The words are marked with numbers above. Probably it is to keep track of word order.
  43. sic : hinndersich
  44. sic : widerumb
  45. sic : seinem
  46. sic : schniten
  47. sic : seinnen ?
  48. 21r
  49. The illustration suggests that this action should be done to your left side, rather than to your right.
  50. Literally: put
  51. Literally: pull back the left foot
  52. German: his
  53. German: grab with your left hand from below outside over his right arm
  54. rechten
  55. Note: Change of grip required, or the illustration does not match.
  56. Dagger transfer necessary at this point.
  57. Note: person on left side starts with the dagger in the left hand according to the illustration.
  58. Note: push down, not out
  59. Arbait - technical term: work, force, struggle
  60. Vienna and Munich MS Latin: right.
  61. read: locitur
  62. Latin: snatch up.
  63. Note: the illustration shows ice-pick grip.
  64. "You will lick it!" Not pleasant if the dagger is lying on it. Especially in cold weather.
  65. May not represent the changing though described.
  66. Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.
  67. Note: left is corrected from a right. Left is correct.
  68. This seems to imply both parallel action and simultaneity.
  69. Reib - strong twisting, bending, rotating motion.
  70. Image shows left.
  71. From the inner side.
  72. From the Latin text
  73. Correct from underich.
  74. Could also mean immediately
  75. zucken; Latin – to withdraw
  76. Only in the Latin.
  77. Inn - unclear whether directional or locational.
  78. The one in the left hand?
  79. Only in the Latin.
  80. ge..nen/ge..ch?; tibia in Latin
  81. weakness, hardship, trouble, difficulty, vulnerability, out of balance
  82. Possible abbreviation of gegen – geg.
  83. Odd squiggle in the middle—f from previous line?
  84. Scribal error for pungito?
  85. Strange squiggle above the c.
  86. Squiggle – looks like the Munich MS symbol for us?
  87. Error for interim?
  88. Written as “in Clinando”
  89. NB, likely scribal error for “laevam”
  90. Second u has three dots almost like ǜ.
  91. Error for dextrum?
  92. Barred, or bolted.
  93. Pliers, or fire-tongs.
  94. Wrestlers wear a leather collar? Hmmm...
  95. Comb, carder?
  96. A variant on the o-goshi in judo.
  97. sic : Im mit
  98. »sst« oberhalb der Zeile korrigiert aus »fft«
  99. A technique for putting the opponent down head first with his feet in the air.
  100. Dagger pommel?! I have actually no idea what he is thinking here. My only guess is that it was late on Friday afternoon, and must have mistaken ”kopff” with ”knopff”.
  101. 101.0 101.1 Choosing to read this as equivalent to modern German einengen. “Trapped” as a translation for eineinden follows from this choice. Buyer beware.
  102. Corrections indicate it should be zu Im hinein
  103. "Not the lower point". Why the awkward construction here? Why not say superiorem mucronem (or proper Latin equivalent)?
  104. sic : verborgnen
  105. While the text is identical, the illustration in the Dresden version is different from that of Munich and Vienna versions.
  106. The text is a bit ambiguous on how this is done, but judging from the picture it seems as the you are already having the pommel on your right side and the strike to the face and the parry is done in the same motion.
  107. In both Latin and German, foot and leg can be the same word.
  108. Tong hold – see wrestling chapter.
  109. One knee on the ground.
  110. "With" is crossed over and replaced with a smaller text "against" in the Latin text. It is most probably "against", as the text reads in the German text.
  111. Coronels?
  112. Illustrations 7 and 8, with their captions, are placed after 12 in the manuscript. In this presentation, they've been moved to their numeric sequence.
  113. Schweiff means to strife, drift or to sweep by. So, in a sense, horse drifting. Or maybe not.
  114. Curious little bugger, ain't ya?

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