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Difference between revisions of "Augsburg Group"

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| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 30r.png|300x300px|center|link=http://media.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/file/82698/426496227661.png]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 30r.png|300x300px|center|link=http://media.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/file/82698/426496227661.png]]
 
| [[File:MS 26-232 84r-c.jpg|200px|center]]
 
| [[File:MS 26-232 84r-c.jpg|200px|center]]
| Item; one more good technique. One hews at you above to the head, so wind in below through with your messer and catch the strike thereon, and fall in with the pommel over his arm and wrench on yourself, and step forward with the left foot, and drive in with the left hand around his neck, as here stands depicted, so you throw him on his back.
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| Item; one more good technique. One hews at you above to the head, so wind in through below with your messer and catch the strike thereon, and fall in with the pommel over his arm and wrench on yourself, and step forward with the left foot, and drive in with the left hand around his neck, as here stands depicted, so you throw him on his back.
 
| '''[30r]''' Item mer ein gucz stuck. Haut dir ainer oben zu den kopf, so wint im mit deinem messer unten durch und vach den straich darauf und vall im mit dem knopf über seinen arm und reiß an dich und trit zu mit dem tencken fuß und var im mit der tencken hant umb den hals, als hie gemalt stet, so wurfstu in auf den rucken.
 
| '''[30r]''' Item mer ein gucz stuck. Haut dir ainer oben zu den kopf, so wint im mit deinem messer unten durch und vach den straich darauf und vall im mit dem knopf über seinen arm und reiß an dich und trit zu mit dem tencken fuß und var im mit der tencken hant umb den hals, als hie gemalt stet, so wurfstu in auf den rucken.
 
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| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 30v.png|300x300px|center|link=http://media.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/file/82699/143333374303.png]]
 
| [[File:Cod.I.6.4º.2 30v.png|300x300px|center|link=http://media.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/file/82699/143333374303.png]]
 
| [[File:MS 26-232 85r-a.jpg|200px|center]]
 
| [[File:MS 26-232 85r-a.jpg|200px|center]]
| Item, one more good technique. Once someone cuts high below, then wind through under with your falchion and run in and go with your left hand high over his right arm and catch behind your armpit and thrust with your falchion between you and him through to his neck as is shown.
+
| Item; one more good technique. When one hews down from above, so wind through below with your messer and run on in and drive with your left hand high over his right arm and grasp it behind the armpit, and stab with your messer through between you and him on his neck, as stands depicted here.
(Translated from the Augsburg version by [[Jeff Tsay]])
 
 
| '''[30v]''' Item mer ein gucz stuck. Wen ainer oben nider haut, so wint unten durch mit deinem messer und lauf in ein und var mit deiner tencken hant hoch über seinen rechten arm und vaß hinter das ugssen (Achsel) und stich mit deinem messer zbischen dir und im durch an sein hals, als hie gemalt stet.
 
| '''[30v]''' Item mer ein gucz stuck. Wen ainer oben nider haut, so wint unten durch mit deinem messer und lauf in ein und var mit deiner tencken hant hoch über seinen rechten arm und vaß hinter das ugssen (Achsel) und stich mit deinem messer zbischen dir und im durch an sein hals, als hie gemalt stet.
 
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Revision as of 23:09, 15 August 2014

Nuremberg Group
Cod.I.6.4º.2 20v21r.png
Codex Wallerstein, ff 20v - 21r
Author(s)
Compiled by
Illustrated by
Date ca. 1470s
Genre
Language
Archetype(s) Currently lost
Manuscript(s)
First Printed
English Edition
Dörnhöffer, 1909.
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

The Nuremberg Group is a series of 15th and 16th century German manuscripts that describe a common set of techniques and seem to have originated in the area of Nuremberg, Germany. It has been suggested that these treatises define a local martial arts tradition native to that city, which would be a subset of the mainstream German style. The first two sections of the Codex Wallerstein are the oldest entry in the group, and it's possible that the later treatises are dependent on it, particularly that of Albrecht Dürer. However, this issue is complicated by the fact that the first grappling section of the Glasgow Fechtbuch, which is comprised of material not drawn from Wallerstein, contains much of the remainder of Dürer's work.

Despite the existence of several fencing manuals describing these teachings, there are few known masters of this tradition. A master Hartman von Nuremberg is mentioned by Paulus Kal as a member of the Society of Liechtenauer,[1] but no writings of his that might demonstrate a connection to the tradition are known to exist. Despite attempts by a few modern writers to connect Albrecht Dürer to the Marxbrüder fencing guild, there is no evidence suggesting that he was anything but a master painter, and it seems unlikely that he practiced the techniques in his book.[2] In fact, the only known master whose connection to the tradition is certain is Antonius Rast, a former Captain of the Marxbrüder who left a partially-completed fencing manual upon his death in 1549. This manuscript was later acquired and completed by Paulus Hector Mair, and it seems to have influenced his own writings to some extent.

Treatises

The Wrocław Codex 1246 was lost during World War II and cannot presently be integrated into this composite. Fortunately, Friedrich Dörnhöffer referenced this text extensively in his 1909 edition Albrecht Dürers Fechtbuch. In the transcription, he included notes where the text of the Codex 1246 differs from that of the MS 26-232; those notes have been preserved in this compilation, indicated by footnotes with the abbreviation Br.

Additional Resources

References

  1. Kal, Paulus. Untitled [manuscript]. Cgm 1507. Munich, Germany: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, 1470.
  2. J. Christoph Amberger. "The Death of History: Historic European fighting arts in the Mis-information Age". Fencers Quarterly Magazine. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
  3. dauchen : drücken, niederdrücken.
  4. Im Fechten gibt es den Zwerhau, der in dieser Handschrift als Twir bezeichnet wird, in anderen Quellen aber auch Twirch geschrieben wird, von zwerch = schräg, quer. Zum einen würde diese Bedeutung in Verbindung mit dem Ringen hier keinen wirklichen Sinn ergeben, zum anderen wäre die Schreibweise mit „b“, auch wenn dieses stimmlos gesprochen werden kann, äußerst ungewöhnlich. Im Rheinischen Wörterbuch findet sich dagegen der Begriff Pirch = Pferch = Einzäunung. Diese Bedeutung ergibt im Ringen mehr Sinn und könnte hier evtl. mit „Umklammerung“ übersetzt werden.
  5. der erste Buchstabe (p) ist nicht sauber geschrieben. pern stossen = Bärenstoß?
  6. es fehlt die „fünfft tbirch“, Dafür hat das Stück zwischen der drit und der vierdt tbirch keine Nummerierung.
  7. 5. plötzlich, unversehens.
  8. hier zu lesen als: fringt = ringt.
  9. The addition is difficult to read on the document, but results from the Table of Contents
  10. von äbich: abstehend, verkehrt (Deutsches Wörterbuch of the Brothers Grimm)
  11. The following pictures are marked with numbers underneath. As on the original the numbering is difficult to read, it was omitted in the transcription of the plays.
  12. das „b“ bei „nymbt“ wurde nachträglich aus vermutlich ursprünglich „y“ verbessert
  13. das „h“ ist über das vermutete „g“ geschrieben