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<small>4</small>
 
<small>4</small>
 
<small style="color:#696969;">4a</small>
 
  
 
<small>5</small>
 
<small>5</small>
Line 158: Line 156:
 
Be a good grappler in wrestling;  
 
Be a good grappler in wrestling;  
 
:lance, spear, sword, and messer  
 
:lance, spear, sword, and messer  
 
 
 
handle manfully,  
 
handle manfully,  
 
:and foil them in your opponent's hands.  
 
:and foil them in your opponent's hands.  
Line 169: Line 165:
 
:All arts have length and measure.</poem>
 
:All arts have length and measure.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''[18r] Hye hebt sich an meister liechtenawers chunst Deß le~ge~ swerts Anno dm~ xlviij Jar etc'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|1|lbl=18r}}
<poem>Junck ritter lere
 
got lieb habenn Jo frawe~ ere
 
so wechst dey~ ere
 
Vber ritterschafft vnd lere
 
kunst dye dich cziret
 
vnd in krigenn czu eren hoffiret
 
ringenn iß gut beßer
 
gleunen sper swert vnd meßer
 
 
 
 
 
ettlich bidermã
 
in andñ hante~ vder Zu (?)
 
kunt er chunst er mocht wol eren
 
erwerbñ hawe drey~ oder laß faren
 
das In dy weyßen
 
hassñ dy mã sicht preisñ
 
dar auff dich czihe
 
alle chunst leng vnd maß</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Das ist dy vor red /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Das ist dy vor red /}}
 
<poem>
 
<poem>
Line 307: Line 285:
  
 
<small>14</small>
 
<small>14</small>
 
<small style="color:#696969;">14a</small>
 
  
 
<small>15</small>
 
<small>15</small>
Line 324: Line 300:
 
<small>21</small>
 
<small>21</small>
  
<small>22</small>
+
<small>22</small></poem>
 
 
<small style="color:#696969;">22a</small></poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|This is a general teaching of the longsword}}<br/><br/>
 
| {{red|b=1|This is a general teaching of the longsword}}<br/><br/>
 
<poem>If you want to behold the art,
 
<poem>If you want to behold the art,
Line 340: Line 314:
 
Fight with the entire body,
 
Fight with the entire body,
 
:What you powerfully want to do.
 
:What you powerfully want to do.
<span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">Now mark yet further,
 
:And indeed understand this right-well—</span>
 
 
Listen to what is wrong,
 
Listen to what is wrong,
 
:do not fight above on the left if you are righthanded;
 
:do not fight above on the left if you are righthanded;
Line 358: Line 330:
 
Then we promise
 
Then we promise
 
:that your arts will be rewarded.
 
:that your arts will be rewarded.
<span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">Thereupon we come to the right grounding
+
</poem>
:That is the rollicking fighter’s art!</span></poem>
 
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist eyn gemeine ler des swertz etc'''
+
|  
<poem>
+
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|1|lbl=18v|p=1}}
 
 
wiltu kunst schawen
 
sich linck gehñ vnd recht mit hewe~
 
vnd linck mit rechtñ
 
ist das du starck gerest vechtenn
 
wer nach get hawe~
 
der darff sich chunst wenig frewenn
 
Hawe~ nahet was du wilt
 
kein wechßler kumpt an deine~ schilt
 
czu kopff czu leib
 
der czeck nit vormeyd
 
mit ganczem leib
 
vicht waß du starck gerest czu treÿbñ
 
 
 
 
 
Hor was da slecht ist
 
vicht nicht obenn linck so du recht bist
 
Vnd ob du linck bist
 
Im rechtñ auch sere hinckest
 
Var vnd nach dÿ czwey
 
'''[18v]''' ding sint aller chunst ey~ vrspru~g
 
swech vnd sterck
 
in deß das wort da mit merck
 
so magstu chunst lerne~
 
mit chunst ayrbete~ vnd were~
 
Er schrickstu gñ
 
kein vechtñ ny~mer gelern
 
funf hew leren võ der
 
rechtñ hant wid° dye were
 
dar vmb wir glawbñ
 
in chunst geren czu lone~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Das Ist ein gemaine ler des langen Swerttes /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Das Ist ein gemaine ler des langen Swerttes /}}
 
<poem>
 
<poem>
Line 409: Line 349:
 
Mit gantzem leib  
 
Mit gantzem leib  
 
vicht was du starck gerest treÿben {{red|/}}
 
vicht was du starck gerest treÿben {{red|/}}
 
 
 
Hör was da slecht ist {{red|/}}
 
Hör was da slecht ist {{red|/}}
 
Vicht nicht oben linck {{red|/}} So du recht pist {{red|/}}
 
Vicht nicht oben linck {{red|/}} So du recht pist {{red|/}}
Line 709: Line 647:
  
 
<small>24</small>
 
<small>24</small>
 
<small style="color:#696969;">24a</small>
 
  
 
<small>25</small>
 
<small>25</small>
Line 720: Line 656:
 
Fool parries
 
Fool parries
 
:chasing, overrunning gives strokes,
 
:chasing, overrunning gives strokes,
<span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">Overloping, bind on well;
 
:Stand not still, look what foe could do;</span>
 
 
change through, pull,
 
change through, pull,
 
:run through, slice off, press the hands,
 
:run through, slice off, press the hands,
Line 727: Line 661:
 
:strike, catch, slash, thrust with jabs.</poem>
 
:strike, catch, slash, thrust with jabs.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist der text an dy außlegu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<poem>
 
 
 
Zoren hawe kru~p twirg
 
hat schiler mit scheitler
 
alber vorseczet
 
nach reyßen vber lauff haw leczet
 
 
 
 
 
durch wechseln Zuck
 
durch lauff ab sneyd hende truck
 
lae hengñ wint mit ploßenn
 
slag vach streich stich mit stoßenn</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Das Ist der text /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Das Ist der text /}}
 
<poem>
 
<poem>
Line 919: Line 841:
 
:Your War should not be in haste.</poem>
 
:Your War should not be in haste.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ czorn hawe dÿ außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
<poem>Wer dir obñ hawt
 
czorn haw ort Im drvet
 
Wirt er eß gewar
 
ny~ obñ ab anefar
 
biß starck hin wider
 
wint stich sicht erß ny~ eß nÿder
 
das ebñ merck
 
haw stich leger weich oder hert
 
In deß vnd var vnd nach
 
an hurt den krieck sey nicht czu gahe ~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Der zorñ haw /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Der zorñ haw /}}
 
<poem>Wer dir öberhäwt {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Wer dir öberhäwt {{red|/}}
Line 1,107: Line 1,019:
 
</poem>
 
</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist der krieck'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
<poem>Was der krieck remet
 
obñ nyder wird beschemet
 
In allñ winte~
 
hawe stich snytt ler winde~
 
auch soltu mit
 
prufe~ haw stuch oder snyt
 
In allm~ treffen
 
dÿe meister wiltu sye effñ</poem>
 
 
| <br/>
 
| <br/>
 
<poem>Wes der krieg {{red|/}} Rempt  
 
<poem>Wes der krieg {{red|/}} Rempt  
Line 1,234: Line 1,138:
 
<poem><small>36</small>
 
<poem><small>36</small>
  
<small>37</small>
+
<small>37</small></poem>
 
 
<small style="color:#696969;">37a</small></poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|The Four Openings}}
 
| {{red|b=1|The Four Openings}}
 
<poem>Four openings know,
 
<poem>Four openings know,
 
:aim: so you hit certainly,
 
:aim: so you hit certainly,
 
without any danger
 
without any danger
:without regard for how he acts;
+
:without regard for how he acts;</poem>
<span style="color:#696969;">if you have correctly learned,
 
:he will scarcely manage to strike.</span></poem>
 
 
|  
 
|  
| '''[19r] Das ist võ den vier ploßenn'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r}}
<poem>Vier ploß wiß
 
czu reme~ so schlegstu gewiß
 
an alle val
 
an czweiuel wie er gepar</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Dÿe vier plossen /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Dÿe vier plossen /}}
 
<poem>Vier plössen wisse {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Vier plössen wisse {{red|/}}
Line 1,337: Line 1,233:
 
<small>40</small>
 
<small>40</small>
  
<small style="color:#696969;">40a</small>
+
<small>41</small></poem>
 
 
<small>41</small>
 
 
 
<small style="color:#696969;">41a</small></poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|To Counter the Four Openings}}
 
| {{red|b=1|To Counter the Four Openings}}
 
<poem>If you want to avenge yourself,
 
<poem>If you want to avenge yourself,
Line 1,349: Line 1,241:
 
I say to you truthfully:
 
I say to you truthfully:
 
:no one can defend himself without danger;
 
:no one can defend himself without danger;
<span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">And frighten at no man,
 
:Stand and look at him earnestly;</span>
 
 
if you have correctly learned,
 
if you have correctly learned,
 
:he will scarcely manage to strike.</poem>
 
:he will scarcely manage to strike.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist wie mã dÿ vier ploßenn sol prechñ'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<poem>Wiltu dich rechenn
 
die vier ploß chunstigliche~ prechenn
 
obñ doplir
 
vndenn recht mudier
 
ich sag fur war
 
sÿ schutzt kein man aneuar
 
 
 
 
 
hastu eß vernome~
 
czu slag mag er klein chume~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Dye vier plossen zw prechen /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Dye vier plossen zw prechen /}}
 
<poem>Wildu dich rechen {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Wildu dich rechen {{red|/}}
Line 1,548: Line 1,428:
 
:where he can be without danger.</poem>
 
:where he can be without danger.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist vom chrump haw dÿ außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
<poem>
 
 
 
chru~p auff behendt
 
wirff den ort auff dÿ hent
 
chru~p wer wol seczet
 
mit schrite~ vil hew leczet
 
haw chru~p czu Im slahenn
 
den meistern wiltu sy swechñ
 
wenn eß gliczet obñ
 
stant ab das wil ich lobñ
 
chru~p ficht kurcz haw
 
durch wechßel da mit schaw
 
chru~p wer dich Irt
 
der edel krieck In vor wirt
 
das er nicht weiß vor war
 
wue er ist aneuar</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Der krump haw /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Der krump haw /}}
 
<poem>
 
<poem>
Line 1,798: Line 1,662:
 
:with springing he endangers the head.</poem>
 
:with springing he endangers the head.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ twi°g haw dye außrichtu~g'''<br/><br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
<poem>Twirg benymet
 
waß võ dem tag he<sup>r</sup> / chomet
 
twirg mit sterck
 
dein ayrbeyt da mit merck
 
twirg czu dem pflug
 
czu dem ochßenn hartt gefug
 
waß sich wol twirgt
 
mit spru~genn dem hawet vast gevar</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Der twer haw /}}<br/><br/>
 
| {{red|b=1|Der twer haw /}}<br/><br/>
 
<poem>Twer benympt {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Twer benympt {{red|/}}
Line 1,950: Line 1,806:
 
:step to the left and do not be slow.</poem>
 
:step to the left and do not be slow.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| <poem>welch° ver furet
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
von vndenn nach wunsch er ruret
 
vor ker twinget
 
durch lauff var auff mit ringenn
 
den elnbogñ gewiß ny~
 
spring in dÿ wag
 
vel er czwifach
 
triff mey~ den snyt mit mach
 
czwifach eß fur baß
 
schreit in den tag vnd biß nicht laß ~</poem>
 
 
| <poem>Veler wer fürt {{red|/}}
 
| <poem>Veler wer fürt {{red|/}}
 
Von vnden nach wünscher rurt {{red|/}}
 
Von vnden nach wünscher rurt {{red|/}}
Line 2,117: Line 1,964:
 
<small>61</small>
 
<small>61</small>
  
<small>62</small>
+
<small>62</small></poem>
 
 
<small style="color:#696969;">62a</small></poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|The Squinting Stroke}}
 
| {{red|b=1|The Squinting Stroke}}
 
<poem>The Squinter breaks into
 
<poem>The Squinter breaks into
Line 2,130: Line 1,975:
 
:and take the throat without fear.
 
:and take the throat without fear.
 
Squint to the head above
 
Squint to the head above
:if you want to damage the hands.
+
:if you want to damage the hands.</poem>
<span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">So may you stun him well –
 
:Those failures bereave him of art.</span></poem>
 
 
|  
 
|  
| '''[19v] Das ist võ schilhaw dy außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|1|lbl=19v}}
<poem>Schiler enpricht
 
waß puffler slecht oder sticht
 
wer wechseln drat
 
schiler da auß In berawbt
 
schil kurcz Er dich an
 
 
 
schil czu dem ort
 
ny~ den hals anevorcht
 
schil czu den o<sup>e</sup>er
 
wiltu bey dy orenn ~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Der schilhaw /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Der schilhaw /}}
 
<poem>Schiler ain pricht {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Schiler ain pricht {{red|/}}
Line 2,321: Line 2,154:
 
:with slices pull them away.</poem>
 
:with slices pull them away.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ dem schilthaw dy außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<poem>Der scheÿtler
 
dem antlicz ist geuar
 
mit seiner ka<sup>e</sup>r
 
der prust vast gevar
 
waß võ Im chömet
 
dy kron das abnymet
 
sneyt durch dÿ kroen
 
so prichstu sye hart schon
 
dye sterck druck
 
mit synne~ sÿ ab ruck</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Der schaittelhaw /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Der schaittelhaw /}}
 
<poem>Der scheitlar
 
<poem>Der scheitlar
Line 2,484: Line 2,307:
 
:From the Roof should not be unknown to you.</poem>
 
:From the Roof should not be unknown to you.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist von den vier leger dÿ außrichtung'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
<poem>Vier leger alben
 
da võ helt vnd fleucht dye gemey~
 
ochß pflug alber
 
võ tag dir nit vn mer ~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Dÿe vier leger /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Dÿe vier leger /}}
 
<poem>Vier leger allain {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Vier leger allain {{red|/}}
Line 2,586: Line 2,405:
 
:Stay upon them, learn if you want to bring it to an end.</poem>
 
:Stay upon them, learn if you want to bring it to an end.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ den vier versetze~ dy außrichtung'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
<poem>Vier sint der vor seczen
 
dye de leger auch sere lecze~
 
vor ver seczenn hut dich
 
geschicht das auch ser mutig
 
ob dir vor seczt ist
 
vnd wie das dar chome~ ist
 
hor waß ich rat
 
streich ab haw snell mit drat
 
an vier enden
 
pleib dar auff ler wiltu enden ~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Dye vier vor Setzen /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Dye vier vor Setzen /}}
 
<poem>Vier sind vor setzen {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Vier sind vor setzen {{red|/}}
Line 2,768: Line 2,577:
 
:if you hit, do the Ancient Slice as well.</poem>
 
:if you hit, do the Ancient Slice as well.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ dem nach reÿse~ dÿ außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
<poem>Nach reyßenn lere
 
czwiuach oder sneÿd in dÿ were
 
Zwey außere main
 
dein ayrbeit darnach begnn [!]
 
vnd pruff dye geuert
 
ob sye synt weych oder hertt
 
das fule~ ler
 
In deß tas das vor sneÿd sere
 
nach reisen czwiuach
 
trifft man den altñ snyt mit macht ~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Von Nach Reÿsen /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Von Nach Reÿsen /}}
 
<poem>Nach raisen lere {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Nach raisen lere {{red|/}}
Line 2,939: Line 2,738:
 
:or press hard twice.</poem>
 
:or press hard twice.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''[20r] Von vber lauff dy außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|1|lbl=20r}}
<poem>Wer vndenn remet
 
vberlauff den der wirt beschemet
 
wenn eß gliczet obenn
 
so sterck das ger ich lobñ
 
dein ayrbayt mach
 
oder hertt truck czwiuach</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|von überlauffen /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|von überlauffen /}}
 
<poem>Wer vnnden rempt {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Wer vnnden rempt {{red|/}}
Line 3,053: Line 2,846:
 
:hit every time if you want to step.</poem>
 
:hit every time if you want to step.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| <br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<poem>leren abseczenn
 
hawe stich chunstiglichenn leczenn
 
wer auff dich <del>bindet</del> sticht
 
dein ort trifft vnd seine~ bricht
 
von beydenn seyten
 
triff alle mal wildu streÿtenn</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Von absetzen /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Von absetzen /}}
 
<poem>Lere absetzen {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Lere absetzen {{red|/}}
Line 3,162: Line 2,949:
  
 
<small>87</small></poem>
 
<small>87</small></poem>
| {{red|b=1|Changing Through}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
<poem>Learn the changing through
 
:from both sides, thrust with intent.
 
Whoever binds to you,
 
:changing through will find him indeed.</poem>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
| '''Das ist võ durch wechsel dy außrichtu~g'''
 
| '''Das ist võ durch wechsel dy außrichtu~g'''
Line 3,258: Line 3,041:
 
:against the Masters, if you want to fool them.</poem>
 
:against the Masters, if you want to fool them.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ zuckenn dy außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
<poem>Trit nahent In bunde
 
das czuckenn geyt gut funde
 
Zuck triff er zuck mer
 
ayrbeyt er vindet das thu°t Im we
 
czuck alle treffñ
 
den meistern wiltu effen</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|von zucken /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|von zucken /}}
 
<poem>Trit nahent Inn pinden {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Trit nahent Inn pinden {{red|/}}
Line 3,413: Line 3,190:
 
:the running through then remember.</poem>
 
:the running through then remember.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ Durch lauffung dy außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
<poem><del>Truck</del><sup>durch</sup> lauffñ laß hangenn
 
mit dem knopff greÿff wiltu ringñ
 
wer gege~ dir sterckt
 
durch wechslñ damit merck ~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|von Durchlauffen /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|von Durchlauffen /}}
 
<poem>Durchlauff las hangen {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Durchlauff las hangen {{red|/}}
Line 3,544: Line 3,317:
 
zwen vnden zwen oben mit</poem>
 
zwen vnden zwen oben mit</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| {{red|b=1|von abschnÿden}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
<poem>Schnid ab die hertt~ /
 
von vnde~ vñ baiden geferten /
 
vier sind der schnitt /
 
zwen vnde~ vñ zwen oben mitt ~:•</poem>
 
 
| '''Abschneiden'''
 
| '''Abschneiden'''
 
<poem>Schneit ab die hertten,  
 
<poem>Schneit ab die hertten,  
Line 3,591: Line 3,360:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| &nbsp;
 
| &nbsp;
<poem><small style="color:#696969;">94a</small>
+
<poem><small>95</small></poem>
 
 
<small>95</small>
 
 
 
<small style="color:#696969;">95a</small>
 
 
 
<small style="color:#696969;">95b</small></poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Pressing Hands}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Pressing Hands}}
<poem>&nbsp;
+
<poem>Turn your edge,
 
+
:press the hands to the flats.</poem>
Turn your edge,
 
:press the hands to the flats.
 
<span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">And go after, at the man,
 
:Jolt with the cross already,
 
Then you will not be stunned
 
:So have you twice-assaulted.</span></poem>
 
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ hent truckñ dy außrichtu~g'''<br/><br/><br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
<poem>Den snyt wint
 
zu slahñ truck dÿe hant</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|von hend drucken /}}<br/><br/><br/>
 
| {{red|b=1|von hend drucken /}}<br/><br/><br/>
 
<poem>'''[6r]''' Dein schneid wende {{red|/}}
 
<poem>'''[6r]''' Dein schneid wende {{red|/}}
Line 3,665: Line 3,420:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| &nbsp;
 
| &nbsp;
<poem><small style="color:#696969;">95c</small>
+
<poem><small>96</small>
 
 
<small>96</small>
 
  
 
<small>97</small></poem>
 
<small>97</small></poem>
 
| {{red|b=1|Two Hangings}}
 
| {{red|b=1|Two Hangings}}
<poem><span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">Whoever flows too strongly at you—
+
<poem>There are two hangings
:Hang and beset him high.</span>
 
There are two hangings
 
 
:from one side from the ground.
 
:from one side from the ground.
 
In all attacks
 
In all attacks
 
:strike, thrust, posture—soft or hard.</poem>
 
:strike, thrust, posture—soft or hard.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ czweÿen henge~ dy außrichtu~g'''<br/><br/><br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
<poem>Czweÿ hengñ werdenn
 
auß einer hant võ der erdenn
 
In allem gevert
 
haw stich leger weich oder hertt</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|von tzwaien hengen /}}<br/><br/><br/>
 
| {{red|b=1|von tzwaien hengen /}}<br/><br/><br/>
 
<poem>Zwaÿ hengen werden {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Zwaÿ hengen werden {{red|/}}
Line 3,774: Line 3,521:
 
:he can scarcely manage to strike.</poem>
 
:he can scarcely manage to strike.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist võ sprech fenster dy außrichtu~g'''
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|1|lbl=20v}}
<poem>Sprech venster mach
 
stand freylich besich sein sach
 
slag In das eß snapt
 
wer sich võ dir czihet ab
 
ich sag vor war
 
sich schuczt kein mã aneuar
 
hastu eß v°nome~
 
zu slag mag er klein kome~</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|von sprechfenster /}}
 
| {{red|b=1|von sprechfenster /}}
 
<poem>Sprechfenster mach {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Sprechfenster mach {{red|/}}
Line 3,940: Line 3,679:
 
:no more than soft or hard.</poem>
 
:no more than soft or hard.</poem>
 
|  
 
|  
| '''Das ist dy beslißu~g der gancze~ kunst'''<br/><br/>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<poem>Wer wol pricht
 
vnd endelich gar bericht
 
besunder
 
yedlich man In drae wunder
 
wer recht wol henget
 
vnd windet da mit bericht
 
vnd <del>vmd</del> enpfindet acht
 
mit rechtenn wagenn betrachtet
 
vnd sye Ir aine
 
der winden selb dritt ich mein
 
so sin ir czwenczig
 
vnd vier <del>Zal</del> Zel sÿ eynczig
 
von beÿden seytenn
 
acht winden ler mit schritte~
 
vnd prueff dye gevert
 
nit mer nwe weich oder hertt</poem>
 
 
| {{red|b=1|Das ist die beschliessung der zedel /}}<br/><br/>
 
| {{red|b=1|Das ist die beschliessung der zedel /}}<br/><br/>
 
<poem>Wer wol fürt vnd recht pricht {{red|/}}
 
<poem>Wer wol fürt vnd recht pricht {{red|/}}
Line 4,171: Line 3,894:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>110</small>
 
| <small>110</small>
<small style="color:#696969;">110a</small>
 
 
| Thus ends Master Liechtenauer's Art of the Long Sword
 
| Thus ends Master Liechtenauer's Art of the Long Sword
:<span style="color:#696969; font-style:italic;">So speaks Hans Talhoffer: God spare us all hardship!</span>
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  

Revision as of 04:01, 11 March 2017

Die Zettel
The Recital
Johannes Liechtenauer.png
Full Title A Recital on the Chivalric
Art of Fencing
Ascribed to Johannes Liechtenauer
Illustrated by Unknown
Date Fourteenth century (?)
Genre
Language Middle High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Manuscript(s)
First Printed
English Edition
Tobler, 2010
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

Johannes Liechtenauer (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a German fencing master in the 14th or 15th century. No direct record of his life or teachings currently exists, and all that we know of both comes from the writings of other masters and scholars. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the MS 3227a, one of the oldest texts in the tradition, who stated that "Master Liechtenauer learnt and mastered the Art in a thorough and rightful way, but he did not invent and put together this Art (as was just stated). Instead, he traveled and searched many countries with the will of learning and mastering this rightful and true Art." He may have been alive at the time of the creation of the fencing treatise contained in MS 3227a, as that source is the only one to fail to accompany his name with a blessing for the dead.

Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and a long poem called the Zettel ("Recital") is generally attributed to him by these masters. Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive glosses (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on Paulus Kal's roll of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the Marxbrüder and the Veiterfechter.

Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The MS 3227a, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.[1] However, given that the 3227a may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the early 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring 3227a as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital appears in the MS G.B.f.18.a, dating to ca. 1418-28 and attributed to an H. Beringer, which both conforms to this timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teaching rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts).

Treatise

Liechtenauer's teachings are preserved in a brief poem of rhyming couplets called the Zettel ("Recital"). These "secret and hidden words" were intentionally cryptic, probably to prevent the uninitiated from learning the techniques they represented; they also seem to have offered a system of mnemonic devices to those who understood their significance. The Recital was treated as the core of the Art by his students, and masters such as Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck, Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt, and Jud Lew wrote extensive glosses that sought to clarify and expand upon these teachings.

Twenty-one manuscripts contain a presentation of the Recital as a separate (unglossed) section; there are dozens more presentations of the verse as part of one of the several glosses. The longest version of the Recital by far is found in the gloss from MS 3227a, which contains almost twice as many verses as any other. However, given that the additional verses tend to either consist of repetitions from elsewhere in the Recital or use a very different style from Liechtenauer's work, they are generally treated as additions by the anonymous author or his instructor rather than being part of the standard Recital. The other surviving versions of the Recital from all periods show a high degree of consistency in both content and organization, excepting only the version attributed to H. Beringer (which is also included in the writings of Hans Folz).

The following tables include only those manuscripts that quote Liechtenauer's Recital in an unglossed form. Note that in the case of Beringer and Folz, the verse is presented in an alternative sequence; they have been reordered to match the others in this rendition, but you can find the original layout in their articles.

In addition to the verses on mounted fencing, several treatises in the Liechtenauer tradition include a group of twenty-six figuren ("figures")—single line abbreviations of the longer couplets, generally drawn in circles, which seem to sum up the most important points. The precise reason for the existence of these figures remains unknown, as does the reason why there are no equivalents for the armored fencing or unarmored fencing verses.

One clue to their significance may be a parallel set of teachings first recorded by Andre Paurñfeyndt in 1516, called the "Twelve Teachings for the Beginning Fencer".[17] These teachings are also generally abbreviations of longer passages in the Bloßfechten, and are similarly repeated in many treatises throughout the 16th century. It may be that the figures are a mnemonic that represent the initial stage of mounted fencing instruction, and that the full verse was taught only afterward.

Additional Resources

References

  1. Christian Henry Tobler. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010. p6
  2. Kein eindeutiges z.
  3. The first letter has been corrected so that the word is ambiguous to identify.
  4. Written larger than normal.
  5. In the Bavarian dialect: freien = freuen, a freit = eine Freude.
  6. Gotha inserts the title Das ist der krieck in this position, but no other version separates it in that way.
  7. Between "Dupliere" and "doniden" there is a lack of space, possibly the "d" was added later.
  8. Corrected from »Im«.
  9. There is probably a missing letter here, making it "durchwechseln".
  10. W has been corrected to V.
  11. Erster Buchstabe schwer zu lesen. Eve. Könnte auch "in" heißen.
  12. This appears in place of the Durchwechseln verse.
  13. "oder"
  14. The meaning is unknown, but may be a part of the bridle.
  15. There are dots above the e, but it is not clear whether it really is an umlaut.
  16. "Vecht" (sound shift b→v)
  17. Andre Paurñfeyndt, et al. Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey. Hieronymus Vietor: Vienna, 1516.