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Difference between revisions of "Nicolaüs"

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| <small>30</small>
 
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| <ref>Line is omitted from the Vienna</ref><br/>Cut, thrust, position, soft or hard
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| Precisely note this:<ref>Line is omitted from the Vienna</ref><br/>Cut, thrust, position, soft or hard
 
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| <small>31</small>
 
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<p>Know that you should be quite polished with all windings on the sword, because each one of the windings has three particular plays, that is, a cut, a thrust and a slice; and when you wind on the sword, you shall quite precisely inspect and note so that you do not conduct the incorrect play that is called for in the winding. Expressly that you do not cut when you should thrust and not slice when you should cut and not and also not thrust when you should slice. And furthermore you should always wind the correct plays that are by rights appropriate to conduct in all engagements and windings on of the sword if you otherwise wish to dishonor and confound the masters that set themselves against you.</p>
 
<p>Know that you should be quite polished with all windings on the sword, because each one of the windings has three particular plays, that is, a cut, a thrust and a slice; and when you wind on the sword, you shall quite precisely inspect and note so that you do not conduct the incorrect play that is called for in the winding. Expressly that you do not cut when you should thrust and not slice when you should cut and not and also not thrust when you should slice. And furthermore you should always wind the correct plays that are by rights appropriate to conduct in all engagements and windings on of the sword if you otherwise wish to dishonor and confound the masters that set themselves against you.</p>
 
<p>And the number of windings on the sword and how you shall conduct them, you shall find them in the last chapter of the recital which says, "Whoever hangs well and delivers windings with it…"</p>
 
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
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| <p>[19] '''The text of the four openings'''</p>
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| <p>[19] And the number of windings on the sword and how you shall conduct them, you shall find them in the last chapter of the recital which says, "Whoever hangs well and delivers windings with it…"</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[20] '''The text of the four openings'''</p>
 
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<p>You shall know the four openings on a person. The first opening is the right side and the second the left above the girdle of the man. the other two, they are also the right and the left sides below the girdle, if you wish to strike or cut<ref>Augsburg II omits: or cut</ref> it surely. When you come upon the opponent with the initiation of fencing, then select one of those openings at that moment and initiate a cut skillfully to that opening and not to the sword and do not pay attention to whatever they against you. Then if they parry your cut, then immediately work in the act of parrying with the point or otherwise high to the nearest opening. And always watch like this for the openings of the body and not of the sword<ref>Vienna omits "not"</ref> with all cuts and thrusts<ref>Vienna omits "with all cuts and thrusts"</ref></p>
 
<p>You shall know the four openings on a person. The first opening is the right side and the second the left above the girdle of the man. the other two, they are also the right and the left sides below the girdle, if you wish to strike or cut<ref>Augsburg II omits: or cut</ref> it surely. When you come upon the opponent with the initiation of fencing, then select one of those openings at that moment and initiate a cut skillfully to that opening and not to the sword and do not pay attention to whatever they against you. Then if they parry your cut, then immediately work in the act of parrying with the point or otherwise high to the nearest opening. And always watch like this for the openings of the body and not of the sword<ref>Vienna omits "not"</ref> with all cuts and thrusts<ref>Vienna omits "with all cuts and thrusts"</ref></p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
  
And how you shall hunt the four openings and fence into them will be explained to you hereafter in the play that says there: "Pin the four extremities, remain thereupon to learn winding"<ref>The verse matching this is slightly different further down: "Learn to remain upon them if you wish to finish", but this phrasing does somewhat exist in the version of the zettel without the gloss in the Vienna, on [[Page:MS K5126 105r.jpg|folio 105r]].</ref>.
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{{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|1|lbl=107v}}
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| <p>[21] And how you shall hunt the four openings and fence into them will be explained to you hereafter in the play that says there: "Pin the four extremities, remain thereupon to learn winding".<ref>The verse matching this is slightly different further down: "Learn to remain upon them if you wish to finish", but this phrasing does somewhat exist in the version of the zettel without the gloss in the Vienna, on [[Page:MS K5126 105r.jpg|folio 105r]].</ref></p>
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|1|lbl=107v}}
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 003v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[20] '''The text of the breaking of the four openings'''</p>
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| <p>[22] '''The text of the breaking of the four openings'''</p>
 
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<p>This is for when the opponent cuts in earnestly. If you wish to then set yourself up against them to break and win the openings with artfulness so that they must allow themselves to be hit without their permission, then conduct the doubling against the strong of their sword and the mutating against the weak. For I say to you truthfully that they cannot protect themselves from strikes and therefore cannot come to blows.</p>
 
<p>This is for when the opponent cuts in earnestly. If you wish to then set yourself up against them to break and win the openings with artfulness so that they must allow themselves to be hit without their permission, then conduct the doubling against the strong of their sword and the mutating against the weak. For I say to you truthfully that they cannot protect themselves from strikes and therefore cannot come to blows.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 003v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 003v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
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| <p>[21] '''Here note how you shall conduct the doubling on both sides.'''</p>
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| <p>[23] '''Here note how you shall conduct the doubling on both sides.'''</p>
  
 
<p>When the opponent initiates a cut from above from their right shoulder, cut in from above with<ref>Vienna omits with</ref> them with<ref>Augsburg II omits with</ref> strength at their head with your right as well. If they parry and stay strong against their sword, then Indes, rise up with your arms and thrust your pommel under your right arm with your left hand and strike them with the long edge from crossed arms from behind their sword's blade with the short edge<ref>Augsburg II omits: with the short edge</ref> to their head.</p>
 
<p>When the opponent initiates a cut from above from their right shoulder, cut in from above with<ref>Vienna omits with</ref> them with<ref>Augsburg II omits with</ref> strength at their head with your right as well. If they parry and stay strong against their sword, then Indes, rise up with your arms and thrust your pommel under your right arm with your left hand and strike them with the long edge from crossed arms from behind their sword's blade with the short edge<ref>Augsburg II omits: with the short edge</ref> to their head.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 003v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|1|lbl=4r|p=1}}
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{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 003v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|1|lbl=4r|p=1}}
 
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| <p>[22] Item. If you cut in from above from your left side with your long edge to their head, if they parry and remain strong in the sword, then immediately rise up with your arms and strike them from behind their sword's blade with the short edge upon their head.</p>
+
| <p>[24] Item. If you cut in from above from your left side with your long edge to their head, if they parry and remain strong in the sword, then immediately rise up with your arms and strike them from behind their sword's blade with the short edge upon their head.</p>
 
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| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[23] '''Note how you shall conduct the mutating from both sides'''</p>
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| <p>[25] '''Note how you shall conduct the mutating from both sides'''</p>
  
 
<p>Item. When you cut in strongly from above from your right shoulder to the opponent's head, if they parry and are soft against the sword, then wind your short edge against their sword to your left side and rise sufficiently up with your arms and hang your point over their sword from above and with that, drop back down with your arms<ref>Vienna omits: and with that, drop back down with your arms</ref> and thrust into their lower opening.</p>
 
<p>Item. When you cut in strongly from above from your right shoulder to the opponent's head, if they parry and are soft against the sword, then wind your short edge against their sword to your left side and rise sufficiently up with your arms and hang your point over their sword from above and with that, drop back down with your arms<ref>Vienna omits: and with that, drop back down with your arms</ref> and thrust into their lower opening.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
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| <p>[24] When you initiate a cut from your left side to the opponent's head<ref>Vienna: pommel</ref>, then if they parry and is soft against the sword, then rise up with your atms and keep your long edge against their sword and hang your point over their sword from above into their lower opening. You can conduct these two plays in this way from all cuts from the point after which you sense weakness or strength at the sword.</p>
+
| <p>[26] When you initiate a cut from your left side to the opponent's head<ref>Vienna: pommel</ref>, then if they parry and is soft against the sword, then rise up with your atms and keep your long edge against their sword and hang your point over their sword from above into their lower opening. You can conduct these two plays in this way from all cuts from the point after which you sense weakness or strength at the sword.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
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| <p>[25] '''The crooked cut with the text of it's play'''</p>
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| <p>[27] '''The crooked cut with the text of it's play'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
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<p>Know that the crooked cut is one of the four parries against the four guards because with them one wars the ox and also the descending and the rising cut. Execute it like this. When you come to the opponent with the initiation of fencing, if they subsequently stand against you and hold their sword in front of their head in the guard of the ox on their left side, then advance your left foot and hold your sword in guard at your right shoulder dart with the right, well to your right side, and strike them across their hands with the long edge from crossed arms.</p>
 
<p>Know that the crooked cut is one of the four parries against the four guards because with them one wars the ox and also the descending and the rising cut. Execute it like this. When you come to the opponent with the initiation of fencing, if they subsequently stand against you and hold their sword in front of their head in the guard of the ox on their left side, then advance your left foot and hold your sword in guard at your right shoulder dart with the right, well to your right side, and strike them across their hands with the long edge from crossed arms.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|1|lbl=108r|p=1}}
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{{section|Page:MS KK5126 107v.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|1|lbl=108r|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004v.jpg|1|lbl=4v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004v.jpg|1|lbl=4v|p=1}}
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| <p>[26] Likewise. You also also conduct the crooked cut from the barrier guard from both sides. Send yourself into the guard like this. When you come to the opponent with the initiation of fencing, then advance your left foot and hold<ref>Augsburg II omits holding</ref> your sword upon the ground with the point next to your right side such that the long edge of the sword is turned and present yourself open like this with your left side. If they then cut in high into your opening, then dart away from the cut well to the right side, with your right foot facing them and strike them with crossed hands with the point of the long edge upon their hand.</p>
+
| <p>[28] Likewise. You also also conduct the crooked cut from the barrier guard from both sides. Send yourself into the guard like this. When you come to the opponent with the initiation of fencing, then advance your left foot and hold<ref>Augsburg II omits holding</ref> your sword upon the ground with the point next to your right side such that the long edge of the sword is turned and present yourself open like this with your left side. If they then cut in high into your opening, then dart away from the cut well to the right side, with your right foot facing them and strike them with crossed hands with the point of the long edge upon their hand.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[27] Send yourself to your left side with the barrier guard like this: When you come to the opponent with the initiation of fencing, advance your right foot and hold your sword upon the ground with the point by your left side with crossed hands such that the short edge of the sword is up and present yourself open with your right side. Then if they strike at the opening, then dart to your left side with your left foot well away from the cut and strike them while darting over their hands with the short edge.</p>
+
| <p>[29] Send yourself to your left side with the barrier guard like this: When you come to the opponent with the initiation of fencing, advance your right foot and hold your sword upon the ground with the point by your left side with crossed hands such that the short edge of the sword is up and present yourself open with your right side. Then if they strike at the opening, then dart to your left side with your left foot well away from the cut and strike them while darting over their hands with the short edge.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 004v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[28] '''Text'''</p>
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| <p>[30] '''Text'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
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| <p>[29] '''The text from one of the plays of the crooked cut'''</p>
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| <p>[31] '''The text from one of the plays of the crooked cut'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
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| <p>[30] '''Text'''</p>
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| <p>[32] '''Text'''</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
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| <p>[33] </p>
 
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{{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|1|lbl=108v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 108r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|1|lbl=108v|p=1}}
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| <p><ref>Here the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna version]] is similar to [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], whereas the [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsberg version]] resembles [[Jud Lew]].</ref></p>
+
| <p>[34] <ref>Here the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna version]] is similar to [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]], whereas the [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsberg version]] resembles [[Jud Lew]].</ref></p>
 
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{{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}
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| <p>[35] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
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| <p>[36] </p>
 
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| <p>[37] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
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| <p>[38] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 108v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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| <p>[39] </p>
  
 
<p><br/><br/><br/><br/></p>
 
<p><br/><br/><br/><br/></p>
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| <p><br/></p>
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| <p>[40] </p>
  
 
<p>When you have gone halfway to him with the onset, then take the second half further on to him, over and over with the left foot forwards and hew an under-hew after each tread in accordance with the left foot. and with the hew, turn always turn the long edge upwards on the sword and hew after with the long edge back downwards and as soon as you bind on his sword, then hang in the point high and stab him in the face. If he displaces the stab and drives high with the arms then run-through.</p>
 
<p>When you have gone halfway to him with the onset, then take the second half further on to him, over and over with the left foot forwards and hew an under-hew after each tread in accordance with the left foot. and with the hew, turn always turn the long edge upwards on the sword and hew after with the long edge back downwards and as soon as you bind on his sword, then hang in the point high and stab him in the face. If he displaces the stab and drives high with the arms then run-through.</p>
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| <p>You shall find how you shall run-through written hereafter in the play that says it like this: "Run through, let hang; with the pommel grab if you wish to wrangle"</p>
+
| <p>[41] You shall find how you shall run-through written hereafter in the play that says it like this: "Run through, let hang; with the pommel grab if you wish to wrangle"</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 006v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
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| <p>[42] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
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| <p>[43] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[44] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|5|lbl=}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|5|lbl=}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 007r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 007r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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| <p>[45] </p>
  
 
<p>When you come to him with the onset, set the left foot forwards and hold your sword on your right shoulder. If he then hews you from high at your head, twist your sword and hew long against his hew with the short edge from outstretched arms high over his sword into his face or his chest. If he is then also deceptive and withholds his sword with the hew and changes through below, let the hew shoot forwards and remain like this with the point in front of his face or chest so that he may not come through below.</p>
 
<p>When you come to him with the onset, set the left foot forwards and hold your sword on your right shoulder. If he then hews you from high at your head, twist your sword and hew long against his hew with the short edge from outstretched arms high over his sword into his face or his chest. If he is then also deceptive and withholds his sword with the hew and changes through below, let the hew shoot forwards and remain like this with the point in front of his face or chest so that he may not come through below.</p>
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| <p>[46] </p>
 
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{{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109v.jpg|1|lbl=109v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 109r.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 109v.jpg|1|lbl=109v|p=1}}
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<section begin="Schilhaw"/>
 
<section begin="Schilhaw"/>
 
|-  
 
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| <p>'''This is the text on the Squint-hew'''</p>
+
| <p>[47] '''This is the text on the Squint-hew'''</p>
  
 
<p><br/><br/></p>
 
<p><br/><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 050v.jpg|1|lbl=50v}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 050v.jpg|1|lbl=50v}}
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/><br/></p>
+
| <p>[48] <br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p>Squint to the point<br/>and take the neck without fear.</p>
 
<p>Squint to the point<br/>and take the neck without fear.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text.'''</p>
+
| <p>[49] '''This is the text.'''</p>
  
 
<p>Squint-hew deftly to the<br/>forehead if you wish to ruin.</p>
 
<p>Squint-hew deftly to the<br/>forehead if you wish to ruin.</p>
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<section end="Schilhaw"/><section begin="Scheitelhaw"/>
 
<section end="Schilhaw"/><section begin="Scheitelhaw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text on the Parting-hew'''</p>
+
| <p>[50] '''This is the text on the Parting-hew'''</p>
  
 
<p>The Parter<br/>threatens the face.<br/>With it’s turn,<br/>the chest is firmly threatened.<br/>Whatever comes from it,<br/>the Crown takes away.<br/>It slices through the Crown,<br/>so that you counter. Be firm<br/>and really press the strong.<br/>Exit with slicing.</p>
 
<p>The Parter<br/>threatens the face.<br/>With it’s turn,<br/>the chest is firmly threatened.<br/>Whatever comes from it,<br/>the Crown takes away.<br/>It slices through the Crown,<br/>so that you counter. Be firm<br/>and really press the strong.<br/>Exit with slicing.</p>
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<section end="Scheitelhaw"/><section begin="Leger"/>
 
<section end="Scheitelhaw"/><section begin="Leger"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text of the Positions or guards'''</p>
+
| <p>[51] '''This is the text of the Positions or guards'''</p>
  
 
<p>Therefore hold the four Positions<br/>and flee the common.<br/>Ox, Plow, Fool,<br/>From-the-Day are not to be despised by you.</p>
 
<p>Therefore hold the four Positions<br/>and flee the common.<br/>Ox, Plow, Fool,<br/>From-the-Day are not to be despised by you.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Arrange yourself thusly in the Ox to your left side: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword next to your left side with the hilt before your head such that the long edge stands against you and with the point against his face. This is the Ox to both sides.</p>
+
| <p>[52] Item. Arrange yourself thusly in the Ox to your left side: Stand with your right foot forward and hold your sword next to your left side with the hilt before your head such that the long edge stands against you and with the point against his face. This is the Ox to both sides.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/></p>
+
| <p>[53] </p>
  
 
<p>Item. The second guard is called the Plow so, arrange yourself thusly. Place your left foot forward and hold your sword with turned hands with the pommel downward next to the right side toward the hip and such that the short edge is above and the point against the face.</p>
 
<p>Item. The second guard is called the Plow so, arrange yourself thusly. Place your left foot forward and hold your sword with turned hands with the pommel downward next to the right side toward the hip and such that the short edge is above and the point against the face.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[54] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 951: Line 966:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. To the left side arrange yourself thusly in the Plow: Place your right foot forward and hold your sword next to your left side with the pommel downward [toward] the hip and such that the long edge is above and the point to the face. This is the Plow to both sides.</p>
+
| <p>[55] Item. To the left side arrange yourself thusly in the Plow: Place your right foot forward and hold your sword next to your left side with the pommel downward [toward] the hip and such that the long edge is above and the point to the face. This is the Plow to both sides.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. The third is called the Fool. Array yourself with it thusly: Place your right foot forward and hold your sword with your right arm before you with the point pointing to the earth and the short edge is turned above.</p>
+
| <p>[56] Item. The third is called the Fool. Array yourself with it thusly: Place your right foot forward and hold your sword with your right arm before you with the point pointing to the earth and the short edge is turned above.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/></p>
+
| <p>[57] </p>
  
 
<p>Item. The fourth guard is called From-the-Day. Array yourself with it thusly: Place your left foot forward and hold your sword with outstretched arms with the point high above your head and stand thusly in the guard.</p>
 
<p>Item. The fourth guard is called From-the-Day. Array yourself with it thusly: Place your left foot forward and hold your sword with outstretched arms with the point high above your head and stand thusly in the guard.</p>
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<section end="Leger"/><section begin="Vorsetzen"/>
 
<section end="Leger"/><section begin="Vorsetzen"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text of the four Oppositions'''<ref>Versetzen. To parry, transpose.</ref></p>
+
| <p>[58] '''This is the text of the four Oppositions'''<ref>Versetzen. To parry, transpose.</ref></p>
  
 
<p>Four are the Oppositions<br/>that severely beleaguer the Masters or Positions.<br/>Be aware of the Oppositions.<br/>If it happens to you, it vexes you.</p>
 
<p>Four are the Oppositions<br/>that severely beleaguer the Masters or Positions.<br/>Be aware of the Oppositions.<br/>If it happens to you, it vexes you.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. The first hew is the Crooked-hew that breaks the guard from the Ox.</p>
+
| <p>[59] Item. The first hew is the Crooked-hew that breaks the guard from the Ox.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|9|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|9|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. The second hew is the Thwart. It breaks the guard From the Day.</p>
+
| <p>[60] Item. The second hew is the Thwart. It breaks the guard From the Day.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|10|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|10|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
Line 1,030: Line 1,045:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. The third hew is the Squinter that breaks the guard that is called the Plow.</p>
+
| <p>[61] Item. The third hew is the Squinter that breaks the guard that is called the Plow.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|11|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|11|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
Line 1,040: Line 1,055:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. The fourth hew is the Parter that breaks the guard that is called the Fool and how the four guards are broken with the hews you shall find them written with the hews. So therefore restrain yourself such that you do not Oppose extensively, if you wish to otherwise not become struck.</p>
+
| <p>[62] Item. The fourth hew is the Parter that breaks the guard that is called the Fool and how the four guards are broken with the hews you shall find them written with the hews. So therefore restrain yourself such that you do not Oppose extensively, if you wish to otherwise not become struck.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|12|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110r.jpg|12|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 008v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
Line 1,051: Line 1,066:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text of the Opposition'''</p>
+
| <p>[63] '''This is the text of the Opposition'''</p>
  
 
<p>If you are Opposed<br/>and as it comes to be,<br/>listen to what I advise for you.<br/>Wrench away. Hew quickly with stepping.</p>
 
<p>If you are Opposed<br/>and as it comes to be,<br/>listen to what I advise for you.<br/>Wrench away. Hew quickly with stepping.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/></p>
+
| <p>[64] </p>
  
 
<p>...against his point as if you wish to take [away] and remain upon the sword and hew him again directly upon the blade with the long edge to the head.</p>
 
<p>...against his point as if you wish to take [away] and remain upon the sword and hew him again directly upon the blade with the long edge to the head.</p>
Line 1,090: Line 1,105:
 
<section end="Vorsetzen"/>
 
<section end="Vorsetzen"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text of the four Impalings'''<ref>Ansetzen. to plant or position something in a specific place.</ref></p>
+
| <p>[65] '''This is the text of the four Impalings'''<ref>Ansetzen. to plant or position something in a specific place.</ref></p>
  
 
<p>Impale four ends.<br/>Remain thereupon. Learn if you wish to conclude.</p>
 
<p>Impale four ends.<br/>Remain thereupon. Learn if you wish to conclude.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p><ref>Here the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna version]] is similar to [[Jud Lew]], whereas the [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsberg version]] resembles [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]].</ref>Item. The Impaling executes thusly: When you approach with the sword with the Onset, Position yourself with your sword in the guard of the Ox or of the Plow. If he then wishes to hew or thrust from his right side, then pre-empt with the Opposition and shoot the long point to his left side opening and await whether you are allowed to Impale him. Or, if he hews from his left side, then shoot the point to his right side opening.</p>
+
| <p>[66]<ref>Here the [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna version]] is similar to [[Jud Lew]], whereas the [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsberg version]] resembles [[Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]].</ref> Item. The Impaling executes thusly: When you approach with the sword with the Onset, Position yourself with your sword in the guard of the Ox or of the Plow. If he then wishes to hew or thrust from his right side, then pre-empt with the Opposition and shoot the long point to his left side opening and await whether you are allowed to Impale him. Or, if he hews from his left side, then shoot the point to his right side opening.</p>
 
| rowspan="2" | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| rowspan="2" | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 009r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 009r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
Line 1,115: Line 1,130:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Whoever hews toward you from below from their left side, shoot your point and impale him in exactly the same way as when he hews from the left side below. If he anticipates the impaling, then Parry and remain with your sword upon his and deftly work to the nearest Opening. Thus you allow him to come to no art.</p>
+
| <p>[67] Item. Whoever hews toward you from below from their left side, shoot your point and impale him in exactly the same way as when he hews from the left side below. If he anticipates the impaling, then Parry and remain with your sword upon his and deftly work to the nearest Opening. Thus you allow him to come to no art.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 009r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 009r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 46v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 46v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[68] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,134: Line 1,149:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text of the Following-after'''</p>
+
| <p>[69] '''This is the text of the Following-after'''</p>
  
 
<p>Learn to Follow-after:<br/>Duplicate or slice into the weapon.<br/>After the two outer captures,<br/>Your work begins.<br/>Examine whether the threats<br/>are soft or hard.</p>
 
<p>Learn to Follow-after:<br/>Duplicate or slice into the weapon.<br/>After the two outer captures,<br/>Your work begins.<br/>Examine whether the threats<br/>are soft or hard.</p>
Line 1,153: Line 1,168:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. The first device from the Following-after executes thusly: When you approach with the Onset, advance your left foot and stand in the guard From-the-day and watch quite attentively what he will fence against you. If he hews high leftward from his shoulder, do not Parry him and wait such that he does not pass with the hew and Press. Note that as his sword goes downward against the earth with the hew, leap forth to his right side Opening before he comes up with his sword, thus he is struck.</p>
+
| <p>[70] Item. The first device from the Following-after executes thusly: When you approach with the Onset, advance your left foot and stand in the guard From-the-day and watch quite attentively what he will fence against you. If he hews high leftward from his shoulder, do not Parry him and wait such that he does not pass with the hew and Press. Note that as his sword goes downward against the earth with the hew, leap forth to his right side Opening before he comes up with his sword, thus he is struck.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 110v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,165: Line 1,180:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''The device called the Iron Gate'''</p>
+
| <p>[71] '''The device called the Iron Gate'''</p>
  
 
<p>Item. When he is himself hewing and you hew into him, if he then quickly rises with the sword and Parries, then remain strong with the long edge upon the sword. If he then begins to lift the sword upward, then spring with your left foot behind his right and strike him with the Thwart-hew or else to the right side to his head and thereafter work to his left with the Doubling or else with other devices thereafter as you sense whether he is hard or weak in the sword.</p>
 
<p>Item. When he is himself hewing and you hew into him, if he then quickly rises with the sword and Parries, then remain strong with the long edge upon the sword. If he then begins to lift the sword upward, then spring with your left foot behind his right and strike him with the Thwart-hew or else to the right side to his head and thereafter work to his left with the Doubling or else with other devices thereafter as you sense whether he is hard or weak in the sword.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is another device'''</p>
+
| <p>[72] '''This is another device'''</p>
  
 
<p>Item. When he is himself hewing before you and you hew into him, if you then bind upon his sword against his left side and he then strikes quickly out of the Opposition and with the Thwart-hew to your right side, then Simultaneously come with the Thwart-hew from below his sword against his left side upon his neck or spring with the left foot to his right side and also hew into his hew to his right side or execute the Slice above his arms to his head.</p>
 
<p>Item. When he is himself hewing before you and you hew into him, if you then bind upon his sword against his left side and he then strikes quickly out of the Opposition and with the Thwart-hew to your right side, then Simultaneously come with the Thwart-hew from below his sword against his left side upon his neck or spring with the left foot to his right side and also hew into his hew to his right side or execute the Slice above his arms to his head.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Here note a good Following-after'''</p>
+
| <p>[73] '''Here note a good Following-after'''</p>
  
 
<p>Item. When you fence against him from the Low Hews or from the Sweeps or lay in the guard[of the Fool]. If he then falls upon it with the sword before you rise, remain below upon the sword and start upward. If he wishes to hew down your parrying out or wind upon the sword, then do not allow him to exit from the sword and thereupon follow after and work from there to his nearest opening.</p>
 
<p>Item. When you fence against him from the Low Hews or from the Sweeps or lay in the guard[of the Fool]. If he then falls upon it with the sword before you rise, remain below upon the sword and start upward. If he wishes to hew down your parrying out or wind upon the sword, then do not allow him to exit from the sword and thereupon follow after and work from there to his nearest opening.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Note you shall from all guards and with all guards Follow-after. Thus arrive quickly when he is himself hewing or uncovers with the sword.</p>
+
| <p>[74] Item. Note you shall from all guards and with all guards Follow-after. Thus arrive quickly when he is himself hewing or uncovers with the sword.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 111r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 111r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 010r.jpg|1|lbl=10r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 010r.jpg|1|lbl=10r}}
Line 1,219: Line 1,234:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text of the Sensing and of the word that is called “Instantly”'''</p>
+
| <p>[75] '''This is the text of the Sensing and of the word that is called “Instantly”'''</p>
  
 
<p>[When] the Sensing teaches<br/>“Instantly”, the sword slices well.</p>
 
<p>[When] the Sensing teaches<br/>“Instantly”, the sword slices well.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Item. Note the Sensing thusly:'''</p>
+
| <p>[76] '''Item. Note the Sensing thusly:'''</p>
  
 
<p>When you approach with the Onset and one binds another upon the sword, you shall Sense whether it is Soft or Hard within in your hand as the swords spark together and if you have been bound and as soon as you Sense it, then think of the word “Instantly”. That is, when you adequately Sense in that moment, you should work with the sword so he becomes struck before he becomes aware.</p>
 
<p>When you approach with the Onset and one binds another upon the sword, you shall Sense whether it is Soft or Hard within in your hand as the swords spark together and if you have been bound and as soon as you Sense it, then think of the word “Instantly”. That is, when you adequately Sense in that moment, you should work with the sword so he becomes struck before he becomes aware.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Here you shall note that of Sensing and the word Instantly, one cannot be without the other and understand this thusly: When you bind upon his sword, you must feel Soft or Hard with the word Instantly and when you have felt, you must again work with Instantly. Thus are they always with each other. When the word Instantly is in all devices, understand it thusly: Instantly Run-through from the Doubling and Instantly Mutate, Instantly Change-through, Instantly Run-through , Instantly take the Sword, Instantly do what your heart desires. Instantly is a sharp word. With it all masters of the sword’s woundings become accomplished.</p>
+
| <p>[77] Item. Here you shall note that of Sensing and the word Instantly, one cannot be without the other and understand this thusly: When you bind upon his sword, you must feel Soft or Hard with the word Instantly and when you have felt, you must again work with Instantly. Thus are they always with each other. When the word Instantly is in all devices, understand it thusly: Instantly Run-through from the Doubling and Instantly Mutate, Instantly Change-through, Instantly Run-through , Instantly take the Sword, Instantly do what your heart desires. Instantly is a sharp word. With it all masters of the sword’s woundings become accomplished.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 111r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 111r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 010r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 010r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text'''</p>
+
| <p>[78] '''This is the text'''</p>
  
 
<p>Follow-after twice.<br/>Apply the old Slice upon him with power.</p>
 
<p>Follow-after twice.<br/>Apply the old Slice upon him with power.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text of the Passing-over'''</p>
+
| <p>[79] '''This is the text of the Passing-over'''</p>
  
 
<p>Whoever aims below<br/>and Passes-over, they become shamed above.<br/>When it sparks above,<br/>Strengthen yourself. That I desire to praise<br/>your powerful work. Soft<br/>or Hard and Press it, Double.</p>
 
<p>Whoever aims below<br/>and Passes-over, they become shamed above.<br/>When it sparks above,<br/>Strengthen yourself. That I desire to praise<br/>your powerful work. Soft<br/>or Hard and Press it, Double.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Notice when you have bound upon his sword Strongly. If he then strikes around from the Parrying to the other side, then bind upwards, over him Strongly with the long edge upon the Weak of his sword to his head and work it to the Opening. Also execute again around to both sides.</p>
+
| <p>[80] Item. Notice when you have bound upon his sword Strongly. If he then strikes around from the Parrying to the other side, then bind upwards, over him Strongly with the long edge upon the Weak of his sword to his head and work it to the Opening. Also execute again around to both sides.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 111r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 111r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 010v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 010v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
Line 1,309: Line 1,324:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text on how you shall Set-aside stab and hew'''</p>
+
| <p>[81] '''This is the text on how you shall Set-aside stab and hew'''</p>
  
 
<p>Learn to Set-aside.<br/>Stab. Artfully injure.<br/>Whoever thrusts upon you,<br/>your point hits and his breaks.<br/>Hit from both sides<br/>every time if you wish to step.</p>
 
<p>Learn to Set-aside.<br/>Stab. Artfully injure.<br/>Whoever thrusts upon you,<br/>your point hits and his breaks.<br/>Hit from both sides<br/>every time if you wish to step.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Another device.</p>
+
| <p>[82] Item. Another device.</p>
  
 
<p>When you stand in the Plow to your right side and he then hews high to your left side Opening, then rise with the sword and wind with it towards the left side against his hilt before yours in the Ox and step toward with the right foot and thrust into his face or chest and the device executes from the left side as well, also from the Plow, except from the right side.</p>
 
<p>When you stand in the Plow to your right side and he then hews high to your left side Opening, then rise with the sword and wind with it towards the left side against his hilt before yours in the Ox and step toward with the right foot and thrust into his face or chest and the device executes from the left side as well, also from the Plow, except from the right side.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''This is the text on how you shall Change-through'''</p>
+
| <p>[83] '''This is the text on how you shall Change-through'''</p>
  
 
<p>Learn to Change-through<br/>from both sides. Do not thrust violently.<br/>Whoever binds upon,<br/>Change-through, find him askance.</p>
 
<p>Learn to Change-through<br/>from both sides. Do not thrust violently.<br/>Whoever binds upon,<br/>Change-through, find him askance.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>'''Item. The Changing-through executes thusly:'''</p>
+
| <p>[84] '''Item. The Changing-through executes thusly:'''</p>
  
 
<p>When you approach with the Onset, hew high and long to the head. If he then hews against you to the sword and not to the body, then allow your point to Change-through below with the hew before he binds upon your sword and stab him to the other side. If he becomes aware of the thrust and pursues the thrust with Parrying quickly with the sword, then again Change-through to the other side. Always execute when he pursues the sword with Parrying and this executes to both sides.</p>
 
<p>When you approach with the Onset, hew high and long to the head. If he then hews against you to the sword and not to the body, then allow your point to Change-through below with the hew before he binds upon your sword and stab him to the other side. If he becomes aware of the thrust and pursues the thrust with Parrying quickly with the sword, then again Change-through to the other side. Always execute when he pursues the sword with Parrying and this executes to both sides.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Another.</p>
+
| <p>[85] Item. Another.</p>
  
 
<p>When you approach with the Onset, advance your left foot and hold the long point against his face. If he then hews from high or low to the sword and wishes to strike it away or bind Strongly, then let the point sink downward and stab him to the other side and this executes against all hews that one hews to the swords and not to the Openings of the body.</p>
 
<p>When you approach with the Onset, advance your left foot and hold the long point against his face. If he then hews from high or low to the sword and wishes to strike it away or bind Strongly, then let the point sink downward and stab him to the other side and this executes against all hews that one hews to the swords and not to the Openings of the body.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Note this device especially</p>
+
| <p>[86] Item. Note this device especially</p>
  
 
<p>when he Parries before you and allows the point to already run.</p>
 
<p>when he Parries before you and allows the point to already run.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[87] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 111v.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112r.jpg|1|lbl=112r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 111v.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112r.jpg|1|lbl=112r|p=1}}
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[88] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[89] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[90] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[91] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[92] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[93] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,478: Line 1,493:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[94] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 1,490: Line 1,505:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[95] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 1,502: Line 1,517:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[96] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[97] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[98] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 012v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/></p>
+
| <p>[99] </p>
  
 
<p><br/><br/></p>
 
<p><br/><br/></p>
Line 1,549: Line 1,564:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[100] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[101] </p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[102] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 013r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 013r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[103] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|9|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|1|lbl=113r|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 112v.jpg|9|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|1|lbl=113r|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
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+
| <p>[104] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
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+
| <p>[105] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[106] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[107] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[108] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
 +
| <p>[109] </p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
|  
+
| <p>[110] </p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 113r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
  
Line 1,657: Line 1,678:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p><br/><br/></p>
+
| <p>[111] <br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/></p>
 
<p><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/></p>
Line 1,671: Line 1,692:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Deploy them like this: When you come to him with the onset, stand in the ox from the right side. If he then cleaves-in high to your left side, then wind the short edge against his hew into his sword into the ox and stab him high into the face. This is one winding.</p>
+
| <p>[112] Deploy them like this: When you come to him with the onset, stand in the ox from the right side. If he then cleaves-in high to your left side, then wind the short edge against his hew into his sword into the ox and stab him high into the face. This is one winding.</p>
  
 
<p>If he then parries the stab, then remain in the sword and wind the short edge above to your right side into the ox on his sword and thrust him high into the face. These are two winds on the sword from the over-hanging from the right side.</p>
 
<p>If he then parries the stab, then remain in the sword and wind the short edge above to your right side into the ox on his sword and thrust him high into the face. These are two winds on the sword from the over-hanging from the right side.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item: The second upper hanging deploys thusly. When you approach with the Onset, stand in the Ox on the left side. If he then strikes high to your right side, wind the long edge against his strike upon his sword and thrust high to the face. That is one winding.</p>
+
| <p>[113] Item: The second upper hanging deploys thusly. When you approach with the Onset, stand in the Ox on the left side. If he then strikes high to your right side, wind the long edge against his strike upon his sword and thrust high to the face. That is one winding.</p>
  
 
<p>If he lowers the thrust, remain upon his sword and wind the long edge again high to the face into the Ox on the left side upon his sword. Those are four winding out of the two upper hangings.</p>
 
<p>If he lowers the thrust, remain upon his sword and wind the long edge again high to the face into the Ox on the left side upon his sword. Those are four winding out of the two upper hangings.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Now know that there are also two lower hangings form the plow. You shall deploy four winds with all their applications like the upper hangings. Thus, the windings become eight and note each time you wind, then in each individual winding, you shall think to deploy to the hew, to the stab and cut. Like this 24 come from winding and how you shall deploy hew, stab and cut, you shall find that as is written in the plays before this.</p>
+
| <p>[114] Now know that there are also two lower hangings form the plow. You shall deploy four winds with all their applications like the upper hangings. Thus, the windings become eight and note each time you wind, then in each individual winding, you shall think to deploy to the hew, to the stab and cut. Like this 24 come from winding and how you shall deploy hew, stab and cut, you shall find that as is written in the plays before this.</p>
  
 
<p>You shall also expertly learn the eight winds with stepping to both sides before all things and note as soon as you wind, you shall do nothing more than: in each individual wind, test the two applications whether they are soft or hard on the sword. then, thereafter deploy the play that subsequently becomes clear to you.</p>
 
<p>You shall also expertly learn the eight winds with stepping to both sides before all things and note as soon as you wind, you shall do nothing more than: in each individual wind, test the two applications whether they are soft or hard on the sword. then, thereafter deploy the play that subsequently becomes clear to you.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. Here ends the text from the recital of the long sword as one shall guard themself in the sword: To impede all strides and measure, and thrust and hew, sweep amid blows and also all Openings and when one is soft, so you are Strong and when one is Strong, so you are soft, thus you find Weak and Strong with each other well in the Guard.</p>
+
| <p>[D] Item. Here ends the text from the recital of the long sword as one shall guard themself in the sword: To impede all strides and measure, and thrust and hew, sweep amid blows and also all Openings and when one is soft, so you are Strong and when one is Strong, so you are soft, thus you find Weak and Strong with each other well in the Guard.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Item. It is to be known that the nearing<ref> closing-in</ref> and the two hangings and the sliding<ref>shifting</ref> and the concave<ref>curved, hollow, empty, concave, bowed, arched</ref> parrying, and the golden Art breaks the Art. These five devices that break the record. Also, if one properly manifests that breaks it with one or two plays, then it breaks a hew [with] another and a play [with] another and one thrust breaks the other. Gloss. Note.</p>
+
| <p>[E] Item. It is to be known that the nearing<ref> closing-in</ref> and the two hangings and the sliding<ref>shifting</ref> and the concave<ref>curved, hollow, empty, concave, bowed, arched</ref> parrying, and the golden Art breaks the Art. These five devices that break the record. Also, if one properly manifests that breaks it with one or two plays, then it breaks a hew [with] another and a play [with] another and one thrust breaks the other. Gloss. Note.</p>
 
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Thanks to God, amen. Nicolaus did this in the year 1489 in the vigil of the Virgin Mary of reason.</p>
+
| <p>[F] Thanks to God, amen. Nicolaus did this in the year 1489 in the vigil of the Virgin Mary of reason.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>Here ends Jörg Wilhalm Hütter's Art of the sword of Augsburg, etc.</p>
+
| <p>[G] Here ends Jörg Wilhalm Hütter's Art of the sword of Augsburg, etc.</p>
 
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Revision as of 02:13, 22 February 2020

Nicolaüs Augsburger
Died after 1489
Occupation Fencing master
Citizenship Augsburg, Germany
Movement Augsburg tradition
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer
Influenced Jörg Wilhalm Hutter
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Currently lost
Manuscript(s)
Concordance by Michael Chidester

Nicolaüs was a 15th century German fencing master, presumably from Augsburg.[1] Nothing is known about this master outside of his treatise, but he seems to have been an initiate of the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer (his treatise always appears coupled with a repetition of the grand master's Record). On or around 2 July 1489,[2] he seems to have completed some version of a gloss on fencing with the long sword, apparently based on a the anonymous pseudo-Peter von Danzig gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital.

Stemma

Early on in its history, the Pseudo-Peter von Danzig gloss seems to have split into at least three branches, and no definite copies of the unaltered original are known to survive. The gloss of Sigmund ain Ringeck also seems to be related to this work, due to the considerable overlap in text and contents, but it is currently unclear if Ringeck's gloss is based on that of pseudo-Danzig or if they both derive from an even earlier original gloss (or even if Ringeck and pseudo-Danzig are the same author and the "Ringeck" gloss should be considered a fourth branch).

Branch A, first attested in the Augsburg version (1450s) and comprising the majority of extant copies, has more plays overall than Branch B but generally shorter descriptions in areas of overlap. It also glosses only Liechtenauer's Recital on long sword and mounted fencing; in lieu of a gloss of Liechtenauer's short sword, it is generally accompanied by the short sword teachings of Andre Liegniczer and Martin Huntfeltz (or, in the case of the 1512 Vienna II, Ringeck's short sword gloss). Branch A is sometimes called the Jud Lew gloss, based on a potential attribution at the end of the mounted gloss in a few copies. Apart from the Augsburg, the other principal text in Branch A is the Salzburg version (1491), which was copied independently[3] and also incorporates twelve paragraphs from Ringeck's gloss and nineteen paragraphs from an unidentified third source. Branch A was redacted by Paulus Hector Mair (three mss., 1540s), Lienhart Sollinger (1556), and Joachim Meyer (1570), which despite being the latest is the cleanest extant version and was likely either copied directly from the original or created by comparing multiple versions to correct their errors. It was also one of the bases for Johannes Lecküchner's gloss on the Messer in the late 1470s.

Branch B, attested first in the Rome version (1452), is found in only four manuscripts; it tends to feature slightly longer descriptions than Branch A, but includes fewer plays overall. Branch B glosses Liechtenauer's entire Recital, including the short sword section, and may therefore be considered more complete than Branch A; it also differs from Branch A in that three of the four known copies are illustrated to some extent, where none in the other branch are. The Krakow version (1535-40) seems to be an incomplete (though extensively illustrated) copy taken from the Rome,[4] while Augsburg II (1564) collects only the six illustrated wrestling plays from the Krakow. Even more anomalous is the Glasgow version (1508), consisting solely of a nearly complete redaction of the short sword gloss (assigning it to Branch B), which is appended to the opening paragraphs of Ringeck's gloss of the same section; since it accompanies Ringeck's long sword and mounted fencing glosses, a possible explanation is that the scribe lacked a complete copy of Ringeck and tried to fill in the deficit with another similar text.

Branch C is first attested in the Vienna version (1480s). It is unclear whether it was derived independently from the original, represents an intermediate evolutionary step between Branches A and B, or was created by simply merging copies of the other branches together. The structure and contents of this branch very closely align with Branch B, lacking most of the unique plays of Branch A and including the gloss of the short sword, but the actual text is more consistent with that of Branch A (though not identical). The other substantial copy of Branch C is the Augsburg version II (1553), which was created by Paulus Hector Mair based on the writings of Antonius Rast, and which segues into the text of Ringeck's gloss for the final eighteen paragraphs. A substantial fragment of Branch C is present in five additional 16th century manuscripts alongside the illustrated treatise of Jörg Wilhalm Hutter; one of these, Glasgow II (1533) assigns the text a much earlier origin, stating that it was devised by one Nicolaüs in 1489. This branch has received the least attention and is currently the least understood.

Treatise

While all branches were originally presented in a single concordance in the pseudo-Peter von Danzig article, the differences between them are extensive enough that they merit separate consideration. Thus, Branch A has been placed on the page of Jud Lew, Branch B has been retained on the main pseudo-Danzig page, and branch C is presented here.

To allow easier comparison between the two complete versions, Augsburg II is presented in the column next to Vienna, before the earlier fragmentary versions.

Additional Resources

References

  1. His work is only associated with treatises by Aurgsubrg residents.
  2. The date of the Visitation of Mary, the feast day mentioned in the Glasgow version of his treatise.
  3. Both Augsburg and Salzburg contain significant scribal errors of omission that allow us to identify manuscripts copied from them.
  4. Zabinski, pp 82-83
  5. 5.0 5.1 In Hutter, there is no demarcation between the verse and the gloss, and these two paragraphs appear to belong to the verse.
  6. Vienna: cleave closely behind
  7. Vienna: completely wrong
  8. Written "with before" in the text, which marks indicating that the words should be reversed.
  9. Augsburg: "Gloss: When you arrive at the opponent, then whatever you wish to fence, drive that with your entire strength. Strike them to the head and to the body from close proximity and remain with your point in front of their face or chest, so that they cannot change through in front of your point. And then if they bind strongly against your sword and rise up high with their sword, then strike below to their body or give them a flesh wound upon their arm before they come to their senses and immediately dart back from that."
  10. Könnte auch als »thun« gelesen werden.
  11. Augsburg terminates here.
  12. Vienna: threats
  13. Augsburg II: You will learn about this hereafter
  14. Augsburg II: "Gloss: Note here the correct chief components of the recital of the long sword have been named and is seventeen side by side."
  15. Vienna: "those will be clarified.
  16. Augsburg II: descending cut
  17. sic. The next line reads: "then you cut from above from your right side as well" It is from their right side. The Augsburg II conserves this mistake
  18. Augsburg II: when the opponent strikes for your head from your right side from above
  19. Line is omitted from the Vienna
  20. Augsburg II: displace. (Matches the Lew)
  21. Augsburg II omits: or cut
  22. Vienna omits "not"
  23. Vienna omits "with all cuts and thrusts"
  24. The verse matching this is slightly different further down: "Learn to remain upon them if you wish to finish", but this phrasing does somewhat exist in the version of the zettel without the gloss in the Vienna, on folio 105r.
  25. Vienna omits with
  26. Augsburg II omits with
  27. Augsburg II omits: with the short edge
  28. Vienna omits: and with that, drop back down with your arms
  29. Vienna: pommel
  30. Augsburg II omits holding
  31. Abridged from pPvD
  32. Here the Vienna version is similar to Pseudo-Peter von Danzig, whereas the Augsberg version resembles Jud Lew.
  33. leer, scowl, make a secret or subtle glance.
  34. Leer at
  35. Leer
  36. Obviously the writer left out a part here because it starts with the right Plfug and ends with the left.
  37. Versetzen. To parry, transpose.
  38. Ansetzen. to plant or position something in a specific place.
  39. Here the Vienna version is similar to Jud Lew, whereas the Augsberg version resembles Pseudo-Peter von Danzig.
  40. kainer
  41. Korrigiert aus »das«.
  42. closing-in
  43. shifting
  44. curved, hollow, empty, concave, bowed, arched