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Difference between revisions of "Joachim Meyer"

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| <p>'''Item''' Uberzwerch or bring from under, thus there are many kinds of names and alterations to the cuts, hence, so named that quite a few are carried out during the cuts, for example, thus I stand before one in the same work, and can't come at all to the openings, thus I cut strongly from above a Boch strike not that I intend to hit or strike through but rather that I crash on to him and wrench into a cut and with this he will also do this to me, and would thus give room to the openings, from which a high cut comes nicely. This cut has the name Boch Cut, therefore that my naming this is only about the clashing on that is to be done.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Uberzwerch or bring from under, thus there are many kinds of names and alterations to the cuts, hence, so named that quite a few are carried out during the cuts, for example, thus I stand before one in the same work, and can't come at all to the openings, thus I cut strongly from above a Boch strike not that I intend to hit or strike through but rather that I crash on to him and wrench into a cut and with this he will also do this to me, and would thus give room to the openings, from which a high cut comes nicely. This cut has the name Boch Cut, therefore that my naming this is only about the clashing on that is to be done.</p>
 
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| <p>'''Buzzer'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Buzzer'''</p>
  
−
<p>the Buzzer is thus, take hold of your grip crooked as the first figure here shows, in those cuts that he would give to you from somewhat on high, then cut through in a stroke from under and athwart to his arm, so that the Dussacks are both in the wind above, and again you shoot around to the displacement. It is or is called therefore a Buzzer, because of the sound from the fast rushing wind that it makes.</p>
+
<p>The Buzzer is thus, take hold of your grip crooked as the first figure here shows, in those cuts that he would give to you from somewhat on high, then cut through in a stroke from under and athwart to his arm, so that the Dussacks are both in the wind above, and again you shoot around to the displacement. It is or is called therefore a Buzzer, because of the sound from the fast rushing wind that it makes.</p>
 
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|-  
 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 51r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
| [[File:MS A.4º.2 51r.jpg|300px|center]]
−
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your  
+
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.</p>
−
left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.</p>
 
 
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| <p>'''High Cut on the Steer'''</p>
 
| <p>'''High Cut on the Steer'''</p>
  
−
<p>Item Thus when you may reach him, in the on going, in the Bow thus cut a long cut through his displacement to the face and cut quickly to the displacing, upwards from outside against his weapon, right away work inside and outside to the Openings.</p>
+
<p>Item Thus when you may reach him, in the on going, in the Bow thus cut a long cut through his displacement to the face and cut quickly to the displacing, upwards from outside against his weapon, right away work inside and outside to the Openings.</p>
 
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
−
| <p>'''Item''' Thrust him outside from over his right arm going under and through so that your Dussack again comes outside over his Arm grab with your Left hand over your right arm on your incoming Blade by the Hilt, Pull to you, and to your right side, thus you have taken his Dussack.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Thrust him outside from over his right arm going under and through so that your Dussack again comes outside over his Arm grab with your Left hand over your right arm on your incoming Blade by the Hilt, Pull to you, and to your right side, thus you have taken his Dussack.</p>
 
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
−
| <p>'''Item''' When one cuts to you, thus yield with your displacement and allow his  
+
| <p>'''Item''' When one cuts to you, thus yield with your displacement and allow his
 
cut to fall, step and cut from outside as soon as his right arm falls through, then next through his face. See that you are nimble again in displacing.</p>
 
cut to fall, step and cut from outside as soon as his right arm falls through, then next through his face. See that you are nimble again in displacing.</p>
 
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
−
| <p>'''Item''' Cut him failing through from outside his arm like before then next take  
+
| <p>'''Item''' Cut him failing through from outside his arm like before then next take him away with the Flat from your left through his right so that your Dussack flies above, step and cut indes Two wind strikes to his face, one into the other from your left to his right.</p>
−
him away with the Flat from your left through his right so that your Dussack  
 
−
flies above, step and cut indes Two wind strikes to his face, one into the  
 
−
other from your left to his right.</p>
 
 
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|-  
 
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| <p>'''Item''' Mark thus when you stand in right Wrath guard, thus step and cut the first from under through his left, the second also from under through his right both crooked. the third, from above through his Left, the fourth also from above through his Right so that your Dussack again stays over your head in the Plunge, the fifth a Middelcut through his left, the sixth a Highcut, In zufechten cut from your lower left, out to his right arm, as soon as he clashes, then thrust into his face, if he parries that, thus grab his Dussack in the Middle and take him downwards to your left side.</p>
+
| <p>'''Item''' Mark thus when you stand in right Wrath guard, thus step and cut the first from under through his left, the second also from under through his right both crooked. the third, from above through his Left, the fourth also from above through his Right so that your Dussack again stays over your head in the Plunge, the fifth a Middelcut through his left, the sixth a Highcut, In zufechten cut from your lower left, out to his right arm, as soon as he clashes, then thrust into his face, if he parries that, thus grab his Dussack in the Middle and take him downwards to your left side.</p>
 
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| <p>'''Follow Several Good Rules from the Fencing in Bow (Bogen)'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Follow Several Good Rules from the Fencing in Bow (Bogen)'''</p>
  
−
<p>The first Rule is when someone strikes to you from the Bow, thus step with  
+
<p>The first Rule is when someone strikes to you from the Bow, thus step with your Left foot behind you right and follow with to his left and have instantly let your haft go above you Then when his strike clashes on your weapon Hoist the weapon(s) through his face, so that your Dussack flies above your Head step and cut outside from your left over his right Arm From this Rule are many nimble Lists to use with deception.</p>
−
your Left foot behind you right and follow with to his left and have instantly let your haft go above you Then when his strike clashes on your weapon Hoist the weapon(s) through his face, so that your Dussack flies above your Head step and cut outside from your left over his right Arm From this Rule are many nimble Lists to use with deception.</p>
 
 
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| <p>'''Stück with the Bow'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Stück with the Bow'''</p>
  
−
<p>Firstly mark when you meet one who is in the Bow, so send yourself into the Changer to your Left, the right foot forwards, Step and thrust from under his displacement to the face or chest as soon as you find that you are in the after, so drive instantly and nimbly out with your Hilt before the head and remain with the Point at his Body so that he must defend or strike, thus have care as soon as he goes on to strike, then step to his left and strike him besides his displacement line, this device is often on going  
+
<p>Firstly mark when you meet one who is in the Bow, so send yourself into the Changer to your Left, the right foot forwards, Step and thrust from under his displacement to the face or chest as soon as you find that you are in the after, so drive instantly and nimbly out with your Hilt before the head and remain with the Point at his Body so that he must defend or strike, thus have care as soon as he goes on to strike, then step to his left and strike him besides his displacement line, this device is often on going how it is seen here in the Bow and Changer.</p>
−
how it is seen here in the Bow and Changer.</p>
 
 
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{{master begin
 
{{master begin
−
  | title = [[Side Sword]]
+
  | title = [[Rapier]]
 
  | width = 100%
 
  | width = 100%
 
}}
 
}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>'''Rappier Fencing'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In rappier there are 4 Guards, namely the Side guard, from which you have five displacements, the first is cutting off, the other is suppressing, the third is going through, the fourth is hanging, and the fifth is taking out with Long edge from which each one has the cut and the thrust.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' The Verfirsten cut</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' The Changer has 4 displacements the first is taking out with the short and long edge.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Cutting Away and suppressing with the half edge from which each one has a cut and thrust then the under thrust, over thrust, outside and inside cuts and The Straight Cut.</p>
 +
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The same goes for the Right Ox, which has also 4 displacements, namely, hanging, suppressing, going through cutting off, together with the inside and outside cuts and from above.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The Left Ox has three displacements, cutting off, suppressing, and taking out from below with the half edge.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Irondoor has six displacements, suppressing, cutting off, going through, setting off, hanging, taking out with half edge.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Longpoint has three displacements cutting off, setting off, suppressing, Plow, from the Plow may you set off, simultaneously strike, take out, opening strike, double thrust, single thrust, deceptive thrust.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|300px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Side Guard'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>In the Side Guard send yourself thus; stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your right knee, the point before you to the earth, how this figure shows.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>When you are thus in the Side Guard and one strikes or thrusts to you whether from below or above, thus attack with your Blade well from you with the long edge on the strong of his blade, and cut his strike or thrust away from you, to his right side, and in this cutting off, step with backsteps from his strike, thus you come with your rappier in the Left Changer, Instantly step quickly further on to his left side and thrust from below to his face, thus that you stand in Longpoint, when one thrusts or strikes to you thus cut all thrusts or strikes downwards from you with opposition.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in this Guard, how one cuts or thrusts at you from his right, thus cut away his Blade from you to your left like before, thus you come into Left Changer, in the clash of the Blades, thus hold your hilt above you, and cut from above a straight Apilem or Scalp cut through his face so that in this cut you come opposite with the hilt before the blade, that gives a freely seen cut through the irondoor, and rises from all the strikes with two Wrath cuts from both sides through the cross with outstretched arms and far away from you.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Cut his strike or thrust out from your right to your left with the long edge like before, and allow your weapon to run over next to your left side so that the blade snaps around beside your left, into the left Ox and from there thrust over hand at his face while stepping out from your left, so that you now stand in Longpoint, from this cut also in the Side Guard or else the Changer.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Position yourself in the Side Guard like before, thus cut his strike or thrust from your right to your left like before, and wind your weapon beside your left in which the Long edge cuts Instantly before he can recover from your slicing off, thus cut with a defense strike over his weapon to his body, his legs, his hands or Arms. And in this cut, then spring well to his left side with stepping after, thus you come into the Side Guard on the right.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Cut away his thrusts or cuts like before, and allow your Blade to run through in return, besides your left, and from that, snap over to him a thrust above the hand, pull again around your head and cut him outside through to his right Thigh, thus you come into the Side Guard from there then cut or suppress again away from you.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>The other displacement is Suppressing, which the cutting away is nearly equal, and almost like in the Iron Door.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Going through'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' Thus when you stand then in the Side Guard, and one thrusts or cuts to you, then drive through with your blade and with his blade, that you strike out from your left to your right, so that the Blade flies around again, besides your right into an over Thrust.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Proceed then as how it is taught and suppress his weapon to the ground with the Long edge from your upper Left, thrust him upwards, to the face and set him off again.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Thus if you are in the Side Guard and he thrusts or cuts to you, take out his weapon with your Flat, and with your arm outstretched so that your weapon cuts around with the Point at his face and runs over shooting around into Left Ox, after this, cut around your head to his Right thigh.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before, and allow it to Fly around like before, and thrust him to the face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Take out like before and allow your weapon to drive around your head and then cut him inside to his forward positioned thigh, thus you come again into left changer, if he cuts or thrusts further, then set him off with the long edge, slice in at him through his weapon from your left through the Cross again at his face.</p>
 +
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If you are thus in the Side Guard, and he thrusts then take him out with hanging and allow it to drive around your head and cut him inside to his body from your right.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Side Guard, thus take him out with hanging and thrust over the hand to the face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with hanging and threaten to thrust him over the hand, but pull around again and cut outside to his right thigh.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in this Guard, thus suppress his oncoming thrust or cut, from above onto his weapon, cut or thrust Long after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Slice with the long edge away from you, and cut in again through the Cross, or do the Flying thrust Long in the After.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Thus however if one wishes to use handworks on you, then Pull the weapon around your head and cut a Defense strike, through his left, then your weapon comes again correctly into the Changer, or Side Guard, as soon as he drives after, thus meet him with the previously taught work, then with the cuts you provoke him to attack, with this he loses his advantage, and you thus have an example of the previously taught work.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>And it is to be Marked that out of this Guard, four names or verses constitute:</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Firstly, Going through, Suppressing, Cutting off, hanging, and like techniques,</p>
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|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Second, attacking with your defense strike around every displacement,</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Thirdly, the work stays mostly above the hands.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Let the thrust fly and cut to the Thigh, and cut into the Cross again.</p>
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|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 73r.jpg|300px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Changer'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' Take him out upwards, strongly from your left from under and gather your weapon in the air besides your left into Ox, Instantly step with your left foot around his right side, and throw him a thrust from under and through the Plow, to his right hip.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Take out his incoming thrust with the short edge from the changer strongly, upwards, so that your weapon flies around in the air, into the right Ox, and Instantly throw him a thrust from under through the right plow, to his Groin or forward positioned thigh.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Mark''' If your are in Left Changer, thus take him out with the Flat so that your weapon shoots around over your head, threaten him with the Heart Thrust, Pull and cut from your right through his forward positioned leg and thrust through the left Ox over hand to the Face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge, how it is previously taught, and thrust him from above once to his face, thereupon a Cross Cut in the After.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out, upwards, strongly from you and allow it to quickly drive around the head and cut him outside to his right Thigh, then, a suppressing cut, Long from your right, through his face and on his weapon.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Take him out with the short edge strongly upwards, and cut through from above inside to his hand, and thrust there after, over his hands to the Face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one Thrusts or Cuts to you, thus slice it away with long edge, from your left to your right, cut or thrust in the After to which side you will, yet long from you it is from Below or Above, and set him off quickly again.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' When you stand in Changer, and one will cut or thrust to you thus drive upwards and displace with the Long edge from below and spring well in with the left foot, and Indes grab his Blade with the left reversed hand, under your Blade on his hilt or Pommel, and then thrust him with your pommel on his Joints, thus you take his weapon from his hand.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Ox'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>When you thus stand in Ox, and one thrusts to your left, thus spring out from his thrust, to his left side, and thrust in at the same time with his, and wind the Long edge against his weapon upwards to your left side, as soon as he pulls off his weapon, then cut through with the short edge from under his defense, and thrust him with the Heart Thrust.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 70r.jpg|300px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Hanging'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your Chest or Face, so take this out from above with the short edge or Flat from your right, between you and he, out to your left side, so that your point is taken downwards to the Ground, Instantly allow a thrust to run over the hand to his face take out also the cut between he and you, through the Hanging, and thrust like before.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts to your feet, then sink the point towards the ground and bar him with the Flat by setting off through the Bastian and thrust him over hand to the face, if one cuts or thrusts to your right thus wind the long edge against his weapon, and suppress his strike to the ground, Cut or thrust in the After.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Pay attention when he would thrust at you from below, where he has his hand outstretched to the thrust, then cut him through to the hand and thrust him to the face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Will your opponent not Attack'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Mark when one approaches you in the Left Changer, and you stand in Ox, cut from your right from below, through his left to the face, so that your weapon runs around into the Right Ox, and then thrust him to the face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Step with the left to him and thrust before him a Failer that goes through and outside to your left shoulder, that your weapon comes into Left Ox, take out with the short edge to your right side, so that your Rappier next comes into Right Ox and thrust him to the face, then cut him outside to the right shoulder.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If you are standing in Ox, and one will thrust to your right thus step with the left foot out from his strike to his right and follow with the right and thrust at the same time as him to the face, shoot forwards with the Irondoor or lift your Hilt above you and Grab both your Blade and his blade, and wind his blade from your right to your left in a wrench Instantly step to his left and cut him through to the face besides your left and thrust him again over hand to the face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts to you from below, so step with the left foot to his right side and set his thrust from your left against your right from above, between you and he, through to the Bastian, step and thrust him under his weapon into the Groin.</p>
 +
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>Further, when one thrusts from below at you, and you thus are standing in Left Ox, then step with the left foot well onto his right like before, set off his thrust from your left downwards to your right, thus you stand in Right Plow. Thrust him out from the Right Plow upwards to his face, this he must defend, then step and thrust him with reversed hand under his arm to the face, Pull your hilt again to you, and cut through from your left a defense strike to his right shoulder.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your face or chest, then strongly take out the thrust from below, besides your left with short edge through to his right, so that your weapon runs around above your head and cut in from the outside to his right shoulder, if he bars your cut, then thrust him quickly over the hands to the face, if he doesn’t bar this thus you come through into Changer, if he thrusts further to you, then wind the Hilt upwards and take out his thrust with the Flat through the Hanging, and thrust him over the hands, to the face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 77r.jpg|300px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Mark''' When one thrusts at you from above, thus wind your hilt above you into left ox, set off his thrust upwards, and when they connect, then thrust him inside to the face, Instantly allow your point to sink towards the Ground, and allow the Blade where by, to run through to your left, thrust over the hands to his face Pull your hilt upwards so that the Blade runs off besides your right, and cut outside from your left through his right shoulder thus you shoot into the Right Changer.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Set off his thrust how you were taught above, remain then in the Bind on his Blade and Wind your Blade above you against his travels, out to your left side, instantly have your Hilt above you and cut from your right inside through to his right shoulder thus you come into the Left changer, if he thrusts further at you, then spring with the left foot well to his right side and thrust in from your Changer likewise with him, work further to him with the Iron Door.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 78r.jpg|300px|center]]
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Displace His thrusts like before, have your hilt above you in the Left Ox, and take him out, with the short edge from your left through his right so that you correctly fly around your head into the Right Ox cut Instantly a Third strike, downwards, through his left foot from your right, so that your weapon shoots into left Ox, take him out with the short edge, downwards from your left Ox, so that your weapon shoots through in running around again, into Right Ox, allow quickly the Right Ox, to run through, with this taking out besides your left, and thrust through than by a double, done over hand, come into the Iron Door.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>If overall, he would not Thrust, then when you stand in Right Plow thus step with your left foot to him and thrust through to the outside of your left shoulder, so that your weapon comes into the left Ox, step with your right well to his right, and thrust him outside of his right arm Line Pull around your head, and cut him through his face, thus you come into the left Changer from there take him out with the short edge.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Three Ongoing Thrusts from the Left Plow from one side'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Thus if one approaches you in the Iron Door or also in the Left Plow, then thrust the first from the plow outside of his right arm Line so that your point on the Right now runs off besides your left through into left Ox, thrust through from there quickly through your left Ox, inwards to his chest, allow instantly again the Point to run off downwards and then through besides your left, and thrust the third from your left over your hand to the face, these three thrusts happen as one runs into the next, from one thrust.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>If one thrusts to you from above, wind off his thrust, upwards against your right into the Ox, step and thrust him outside and over his right arm Line, to the face and in this thrust, then drive with your left hand from below.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <br/>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS A.4º.2 80r.jpg|300px|center]]
 +
|
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
| <p>...Suppress upon from above, step and thrust on his Blade above it, to the face, if he defends the thrust and drives high with his displacement, then thrust him above, on the Right Line if he displaces yet again the thrust, thus jerk your Hilt upwards and thrust over the hands, from above over his displacement Line, and cut him to the right Leg.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Cutting off'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' Suppress his oncoming strike or thrust from above, suppress like before, but in this suppressing, thus allow your blade to rest, cross wise on his Blade besides you, then in a flight, thrust or cut him again from the same side Line.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If you are in the Iron Door, and one will thrust outside to your right arm, thus take this with the short edge downwards and out to your right side out so that the Blade runs over, besides your right at the same time, into the right Ox, Indes also takes others out through a Running off from your right to your left, and thrust this same with quickness over the hand together with a step to him.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door, then thrust him from the right Plow, inside his blade from under jointly, to the face, Instantly have your hilt above you and mutate the under into an Overthrust, cut in with a step to the next opening.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Mark''' If one allows you to bind first on his Blade from your right, thus thrust his face from under and to the inside, over the hands.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts to your right, thus suppress from your left against your right, thus you have come into the Right Plow. Thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut quickly in Indes, an undercut from your right through his left and thrust him over the hands to his face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one approaches you in the Iron Door and has bound on with you, then thrust in on his weapon upwards to the face with a running in, Instantly allow your weapon to run around besides your left and grab with the left hand in the middle of your Blade and thrust him to the stomach.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Changing Thrusts and Mutating'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>If you stand in the Iron Door and so does your opponent, then thrust him outside and over his right arm, above the hand Line, and in this thrust, allow your Hilt to be well High, as soon as he wishes to defend against your thrust, thus allow your point to sink downwards, above your hand, and thrust under your arm quickly to the sky if he however travels, then thrust in again over the arm to the face, thus reverse the high thrust into a low thrust, and you may change into a cut when you want.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The Ox and Plow's Merged Thrusts'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' If you encounter one in the Iron Door, thus thrust him from the Right Plow, inside his Blade from under to his face, instantly have your hilt above and Mutate the Under into and Over thrust, cut to the next opening with a step to.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A Deceiving'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Mark''' when you have allowed one to be first in binding on your blade from your right, then thrust him from under, inside to his face, so that the Rappier runs around besides your right, the same as a Looping, but don't do this, instead thrust him again inside to his Body. Pay attention when one drives his point high above you in zufechten, then act as if you may bind with him as soon as your point connects thus step and undercut his blade away with your left arm then thrust upwards and to the Groin, if he pulls his Blade however, thus guard yourself with hanging, and work to to him over the hands or with taking out and cutting after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Identical Thrusting in traveling after'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' Thus the both of your stand in the Iron Door, then pay attention as soon as he will go away from his Guard, thus step out from his Thrust and follow quickly with the Point to the body from where he has gone, and thrust on the same line as him.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Traveling After'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>This is a jolly and quick work in Rappier, by as much as he drives his defenses, and holds it somewhat besides his right, as soon as he goes away with the Hilt, thus Thrust him quickly there on the same Line from which he went.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Aftercut from below'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>If you are in the Iron door, and one thrusts to your left, thus suppress him from above, Instantly have the hilt above you into the left Ox and cut quickly with the short edge from below through his face or R. There after thrust through, to a Middlecut above the hands.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts at you, to you right, thus suppress from you to your right, thus you come into the right Plow, thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut instantly and quickly an undercut from you right through his left and thrust him above the hands to the face.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Balgen in Rappier'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Balgen is an abridgement and the proper Core of both weapons: the Dussack and the Rappier put together, which is so understandable and properly divided and placed, that every one of the four cuts can only be cut long from you. May you well understand and usefully learn from it, whether he even taught a bad school rule, and firstly therein is taught the cuts are orderly placed, to and through the man, how the drawn lines reveal, Next then however; as such cuts are cut at you, and how you shall meet these with displacing and breaking, to the third, when he now also uses such displacing and how you should take up in that, the fourth and last part teaches, of those who run in or under.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' From the dissimilar weapons that when thus he has a Knebel Pike and you only a Dagger or rappier, and how you should run under with cuts and many secret moves therewith you engage your enemy and then you can take his weapon.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The First Balg Cut'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Is done thus: stand with the right foot forward and cut from above and below with outstretched arm together and forth, always with the Long edge through the opponent's Left Wrath Line how the figure shows and mark when you will cut from above, thus distort the cut around again, into a strong undercut, upwards through the Forward Line with a full swing, wind then your hand in the air so that the short edge faces to the rear, and the sharp edge against the opponent, thus make a cut after your opportunity.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The Second'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' Cut powerfully from your right from above like before, through the left Wrath Line, with outstretched arm so that your weapon comes to the left in the Middle guard, from there a powerful Middle cut through his face Thus you should make Over or Under cuts once or up to six times to his cuts.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''The Third Balg Cut'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>The third is called the Cross through both Wrath lines, cut then powerfully with outstretched arm from you, and such cuts you should always stand with the right foot forwards, and always a Balg Cut, that is an Over/Under cut of the Cross with powerful middle cuts made after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' Send yourself into the Longpoint to the displacing, if he cuts against your left to the head, thus catch his strike with the long edge and pull then around your head and cut him through to his right arm and thrust him above from your right to his face, if he cuts to your right thus displace and cut his face or through his body.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>If he cuts quickly from both sides through the Cross or thrusts from Both sides, then displace long from you and when he has done One, two, three four strikes, thus cut then with the radt powerfully always after strike for strike through the Cross and Balg cuts how here follows:</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Mark''' If one cuts on you from his right against your left thus cut with a strong overcut from your right thereon and cut nimbly again after from your right through his left where he is, under or above where you can work to him and you are soon again in the displacing.</p>
 +
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one cuts on you the Crosscuts, strike after strike, thus displace him with outstretched arms, one strike, four or five, and pay attention where he looks further to strike, thus cut in between his Head and weapon on his strong and suppress in with a strike twice, cut then with the Radt Strike and Crosscuts after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If he cuts from below, the Middle or from above, thus you come to suppress them all and cut immediately after with the Cross or Balg cuts.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>If one displaces you and will not cut but wait on your cuts, then cut away his displacement from your left, he is from under or uberzwerch, with that he is drawn away to cut immediately after he does this, thus suppress his strike from you with a strong Roof strike on the strong of his blade the third cuts quickly after to the opening.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Rule'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>Note when he does not want to cut at you, then you should also not meet him with the first strike, but rather show as if you intended to strike to him, then when he misjudges, thus translate with this same cut, it is from above or below, suppressing or cutting out. The same displacement, should one quickly cut after.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>However where he is not provoked with a strike to counter, thus cut a Cross through his displacement or two Middle cuts against one another so that his blade is cut away, then must he cut, as soon as he cuts, thus takeout and away his cut with a counter cut, more to his strong thus as soon as you feel that he is soft, thus cut quickly to his body before he recovers, that is under or over.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''A Good Device'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Mark''' Thus when you must defend in the after, thus to you one comes with a Knebel pike in the air, over you, and you only have a Rappier or other similar single handed weapon, then hold the weapon uberzwerch for your left foot on the earth, if he strikes a powerful diagonal, thus drive upwards with your weapon and spring to him under his strike guard yourself in the spring with the head out from his strike and allow his strike to clash and stay on your weapon and grab quickly with the left hand on his staff, instantly cut nimble to his hands.</p>
 +
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' If one thrusts on you and you have your weapon like is above taught, thus drive on and set off the thrust upwards above the head, if he pulls from your displacing and thrusts again, thus wind from above out of the Ox, his other thrust, again around out from and on to your left side with a Great spring to and grab his staff like before, on this lesson, may you defend against a Long Pike, But such a thing is not wise to use, especially against those who will signal their Pullings, where but one is Wrathful and is pressing on you, such techniques are altogether very desirable.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Item''' You may also send yourself in a hurry into the Ox, and from there wind through the hangings, mark however, that you nimbly should rush, to him or under his weapon, than yours has more air than his in the width from you is less, you will beat him, thus if he will then spring and thrust at you, then cutaway his thrust with a strong Wrathstrike, if he defends this, thus spring on to him with your strike.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''From the Cloak'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Mark''' When to you one would rush, thus wrap your Cloak around your arm if he cuts above at your head, thus drive his strike on your cloak and thrust instantly with his from under, to his stomach, or if you will not thrust to him, thus cut him through his feet, but if he cuts from under, thus fall with your cloak on it and thrust from above to his face, And before you with the cross, you can drive against all four endings of the strikes and thrusts.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>'''Another'''</p>
 +
 +
<p>'''Item''' When one cuts or thrusts at you, thus displace his strike with the Rappier and again after he parries, thus fall with your cloak on his Blade and hold onto him there, then cut or thrust in the meantime, nimbly, where you can get him, defend yourself again with the Cross.</p>
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>Item hold you cloak long and when he cuts at you, thus strike with the cape around his blade and spring to him with striking. Thus you yourself will fight.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
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Bleiben, nachreissen, find dir bloß.<br/>
 
Bleiben, nachreissen, find dir bloß.<br/>
 
Im Vor, und, Nach greiff, Ihn recht faßen,<br/>
 
Im Vor, und, Nach greiff, Ihn recht faßen,<br/>
−
Brigstu recht auß, Er muß dich laßen
+
Brigstu recht auß, Er muß dich laßen
  
 
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|-

Revision as of 01:24, 16 February 2015

Joachim Meÿer
Born ca. 1537
Basel, Germany
Died 24 February 1571 (aged 34)
Schwerin, Germany
Spouse(s) Appolonia Ruhlman
Occupation
Citizenship Strasbourg
Patron
  • Johann Albrecht
  • Johann Casimir
Movement Freifechter
Influences
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Notable work(s) Gründtliche Beschreibung der
Kunst des Fechtens (1570)
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition		 Forgeng, 2006
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations
Signature Joachim Meyer sig.jpg
The title of this article contains the character ÿ. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Joachim Meyer.

Joachim Meÿer (ca. 1537 - 1571)[1] was a 16th century German Freifechter and fencing master. He was the last great figure in the tradition of the German grand master Johannes Liechtenauer, and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive fencing manuals. Meÿer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including the Italian school of side sword fencing.[2] In addition to his fencing practice, Meÿer was a Burgher and a master cutler.[3]

Meÿer was born in Basel,[4] where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meÿer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.[5]

Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman)[1] and joined the Cutler's Guild. His interests had already moved beyond knife-smithing, however, and in 1561, Meÿer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a Fechtschule (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568;[6] the 1568 petition is the external record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.

Meÿer wrote his first manuscript (MS A.4º.2) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt.[7] Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with longsword, dussack, and side sword (rapier). His second manuscript (MS Var.82), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including Sigmund Schining ein Ringeck, pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and Martin Syber, and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of side sword fencing based on German Messer teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meÿer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multiweapon treatise entitled Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of Tobias Stimmer.[8]

Unfortunately, Meÿer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meÿer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571.[1] Late in 1570, Meÿer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meÿer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meÿer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 500 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meÿer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.[6]

Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meÿer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meÿer was, Meÿer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meÿer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.[1]

Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meÿer's substantial debts. Joachim Meÿer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.[9][10]

The Fechtschule of Joachim Meÿer in Strasbourg, a thriving school of fence equal to many others in Germany at the time, was taken over during the Acquisition of Strasbourg by Louis XIV in 1681; it was turned into the "Academie de Arms" and essentially absorbed into the French school of fence.[11]

Treatises

Joachim Meÿer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the MS A.4º.2 (Lund) and the MS Var 82 (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown.[12] Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings".

Meÿer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. Meÿer presented longsword as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His longsword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter Andre Paurñfeyndt (via Christian Egenolff's reprint) and Liechtenauer glossators Sigmund Schining ein Ringeck and pseudo-Peter von Danzig, as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief Zettel of Martin Syber. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary Paulus Hector Mair was doing, Meÿer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a greatsword and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).

The second part of Meÿer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans.[13] Meÿer's dussack system, designed for the heaver proto-sabers that moved into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century, combines the old Messer teachings of 15th century master Johannes Lecküchner and Freifechter Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish saber). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords moving north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of Achille Marozzo). Meÿer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two systems, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why these teachings did not appear in his book, but given the dates it might be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the months between the publication of his book and his death the following year.

The third part of Meÿer's treatise only appears in his published book and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons. His dagger teachings seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo[14] and Egenolff, but also include many unique teachings of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurñfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various weapons pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff, representing the pike. As with the dagger, the sources Meÿer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.

Additional Resources

  • Kiermayer, Alex. Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570. Arts Of Mars Books, 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
  • Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Translated by Jeffrey L. Forgeng. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 978-1403970923

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Dupuis, Olivier. Joachim Meyer, escrimeur libre, bourgeois de Strasbourg (1537 ? - 1571). In Maîtres et techniques de combat. Dijon: AEDEH, 2006.
  2. ↑ Castle, Egerton. Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. pp 74 - 76.
  3. ↑ Naumann, Robert. Serapeum. Vol. 5. T.O. Weigel, 1844. pp 53-59.
  4. ↑ According to his wedding certificate.
  5. ↑ His dagger teachings do, however, show some evidence of influence by Achilles Marozzo's printed treatise.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Van Slambrouck, Christopher. "The Life and Work of Joachim Meyer". Meyer Frei Fechter Guild.
  7. ↑ Norling, Roger. "The history of Joachim Meyer’s fencing treatise to Otto von Solms". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  8. ↑ Whose members included Christoph Maurer and Hans Christoffel Stimmer.
  9. ↑ Schaer, Alfred. Die altdeutschen fechter und spielleute: Ein beitrag zur deutschen culturgeschichte. K.J. Trübner, 1901. p 76.
  10. ↑ Pollock, W. H., Grove, F. C., and Prévost, C. Fencing. London and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and co, 1897. pp 267-268.
  11. ↑ Castle, Egerton. Schools and Masters of Fencing: From the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century. London: George Bell and Sons, 1885. p 147.
  12. ↑ Kleinau, Jens P. "1561 Joachim Meyer dedicated a fencing book to the Pfalzgrafen of Pfalz-Veldenz". Hans Talhoffer ~ as seen by Jens P. Kleinau. 04 July 2011. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  13. ↑ Roberts, James. "System vs Syllabus: Meyer’s 1560 and 1570 sidesword texts". Hroarr.com, 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  14. ↑ Norling, Roger. "Meyer and Marozzo dagger comparison". Hroarr.com, 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
Early Germanic Traditions
Common Fencing Johannes Liechtenauer reversed.jpg
Wrestling
Liechtenauer
Tradition
Beringer Verse
Augsburg Tradition
Other Works
Fabris Tradition
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