Joachim Meyer

Joachim Meyer
Born	ca. 1537 Basel, Germany
Died	24 February 1571 (aged 34) Schwerin, Germany
Spouse(s)	Appolonia Ruhlman
Occupation	Cutler Freifechter
Citizenship	Strasbourg
Patron	Johann Albrecht (?) Johann Casimir Heinrich von Eberst (?) Otto von Sulms
Movement	Freifechter
Influences	Pseudo-Peter von Danzig Johannes Lecküchner Johannes Liechtenauer Achille Marozzo Andre Paurñfeyndt Sigmund ain Ringeck Martin Syber
Influenced	Michael Hundt Jakob Sutor von Baden Theodori Verolini
Genres	Fencing manual
Language	Early New High German
Notable work(s)	Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (1570)
Manuscript(s)	MS A.4º.2 (1560s) Lost manuscript (1561) MS Varia 82 (1563-70)
First printed english edition	Forgeng, 2006
Concordance by	Michael Chidester
Translations	Nederlandse vertaling Traduction française Deutsch-Übersetzung Traduzione italiana
Signature

The title of this article contains the character ÿ. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Joachim Meyer.

Joachim Meyer (ca. 1537 - 1571) was a 16th century German Freifechter and fencing master. He was the last major figure in the tradition of the German grand master Johannes Liechtenauer, and in the last years of his life he devised at least three distinct and quite extensive fencing manuals. Meyer's writings incorporate both the traditional Germanic technical syllabus and contemporary systems that he encountered in his travels, including the Italian school of side sword fencing. In addition to his fencing practice, Meyer was a Burgher and a master cutler.

Meyer was born in Basel, where he presumably apprenticed as a cutler. He writes in his books that he traveled widely in his youth, most likely a reference to the traditional Walz that journeyman craftsmen were required to take before being eligible for mastery and membership in a guild. Journeymen were often sent to stand watch and participate in town and city militias (a responsibility that would have been amplified for the warlike cutlers' guild), and Meyer learned a great deal about foreign fencing systems during his travels. It's been speculated by some fencing historians that he trained specifically in the Bolognese school of fencing, but this doesn't stand up to closer analysis.

Records show that by 4 June 1560 he had settled in Strasbourg, where he married Appolonia Ruhlman (Ruelman) and joined the Cutler's Guild. His interests had already moved beyond knife-smithing, however, and in 1561, Meyer petitioned the City Council of Strasbourg for the right to hold a Fechtschule (fencing competition). He would repeat this in 1563, 1566, 1567 and 1568; the 1568 petition is the first extant record in which he identifies himself as a fencing master.

Meyer probably wrote his first manuscript (MS A.4º.2) in either 1560 or 1568 for Otto Count von Sulms, Minzenberg, and Sonnenwaldt. Its contents seem to be a series of lessons on training with long sword, dussack, and rapier. His second manuscript (MS Var.82), written between 1563 and 1570 for Heinrich Graf von Eberst, is of a decidedly different nature. Like many fencing manuscripts from the previous century, it is an anthology of treatises by a number of prominent German masters including Sigmund ain Ringeck, pseudo-Peter von Danzig, and Martin Syber, and also includes a brief outline by Meyer himself on a system of rapier fencing based on German Messer teachings. Finally, on 24 February 1570 Meyer completed (and soon thereafter published) an enormous multi-weapon treatise entitled Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens ("A Thorough Description of the Art of Combat"); it was dedicated to Johann Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine, and illustrated at the workshop of Tobias Stimmer.

Unfortunately, Meyer's writing and publication efforts incurred significant debts (about 1300 crowns), which Meyer pledged to repay by Christmas of 1571. Late in 1570, Meyer accepted the position of Fechtmeister to Duke Johann Albrecht of Mecklenburg at his court in Schwerin. There Meyer hoped to sell his book for a better price than was offered locally (30 florins). Meyer sent his books ahead to Schwerin, and left from Strasbourg on 4 January 1571 after receiving his pay. He traveled the 500 miles to Schwerin in the middle of a harsh winter, arriving at the court on 10 February 1571. Two weeks later, on 24 February, Joachim Meyer died. The cause of his death is unknown, possibly disease or pneumonia.

Antoni Rulman, Appolonia’s brother, became her legal guardian after Joachim’s death. On 15 May 1571, he had a letter written by the secretary of the Strasbourg city chamber and sent to the Duke of Mecklenburg stating that Antoni was now the widow Meyer’s guardian; it politely reminded the Duke who Joachim Meyer was, Meyer’s publishing efforts and considerable debt, requested that the Duke send Meyer’s personal affects and his books to Appolonia, and attempted to sell some (if not all) of the books to the Duke.

Appolonia remarried in April 1572 to another cutler named Hans Kuele, bestowing upon him the status of Burgher and Meyer's substantial debts. Joachim Meyer and Hans Kuele are both mentioned in the minutes of Cutlers' Guild archives; Kuele may have made an impression if we can judge that fact by the number of times he is mentioned. It is believed that Appolonia and either her husband or her brother were involved with the second printing of his book in 1600. According to other sources, it was reprinted yet again in 1610 and in 1660.

The Fechtschule of Joachim Meyer in Strasbourg, a thriving school of fence equal to many others in Germany at the time, was taken over during the Acquisition of Strasbourg by Louis XIV in 1681; it was turned into the "Academie de Arms" and essentially absorbed into the French school of fence.

Treatises

Joachim Meyer's writings are preserved in two manuscripts prepared in the 1560s, the MS A.4º.2 (Lund) and the MS Var 82 (Rostock); a third manuscript from 1561 has been lost since at least the mid-20th century, and its contents are unknown. Dwarfing these works is the massive book he published in 1570 entitled "A Thorough Description of the Free, Chivalric, and Noble Art of Fencing, Showing Various Customary Defenses, Affected and Put Forth with Many Handsome and Useful Drawings". Meyer's writings purport to teach the entire art of fencing, something that he claimed had never been done before, and encompass a wide variety of teachings from disparate sources and traditions. In keeping with this goal, Meyer seems to have constructed his treatises to present a method for training to fence, a significant departure from the earlier works in the tradition which explain the system of fencing directly. In keeping with this, he illustrated the techniques with depictions of fencers in courtyards using training weapons such as two-handed fencing swords, wooden dussacks, and rapiers with ball tips.

The first part of Meyer's treatise is devoted to the long sword (the sword in two hands), which he presents as the foundational weapon of his system, and this section devotes the most space to fundamentals like stance and footwork. His long sword system draws upon the teachings of Freifechter Andre Paurñfeyndt (via Christian Egenolff's reprint) and Liechtenauer glossators Sigmund ain Ringeck and pseudo-Peter von Danzig, as well as using terminology otherwise unique to the brief Recital of Martin Syber. Not content merely to compile these teachings as his contemporary Paulus Hector Mair was doing, Meyer sought to update—even reinvent—them in various ways to fit the martial climate of the late sixteenth century, including adapting many techniques to accommodate the increased momentum of a greatsword and modifying others to use beats with the flat and winding slices in place of thrusts to comply with street-fighting laws in German cities (and the rules of the Fechtschule).

The second part of Meyer's treatises is designed to address new weapons gaining traction in German lands, the dussack and the rapier, and thereby find places for them in the German tradition. His early Lund manuscript presents a more summarized syllabus of techniques for these weapons, while his printed book goes into greater depth and is structured more in the fashion of lesson plans. Meyer's dussack system, designed for the broad proto-sabers that spread into German lands from Eastern Europe in the 16th century, combines the old Messer teachings of Johannes Lecküchner and the dussack teachings of Andre Paurñfeyndt with other unknown systems (some have speculated that they might include early Polish or Hungarian saber systems). His rapier system, designed for the lighter single-hand swords spreading north from Iberian and Italian lands, seems again to be a hybrid creation, integrating both the core teachings of the 15th century Liechtenauer tradition as well as components that are characteristic of the various regional Mediterranean fencing systems (including, perhaps, teachings derived from the treatise of Achille Marozzo). Interestingly, Meyer's rapier teachings in the Rostock seem to represent an attempt to unify these two weapon system, outlining a method for rapier fencing that includes key elements of his dussack teachings; it is unclear why this method did not appear in his book, but given the dates it may be that they represent his last musings on the weapon, written in the time between the completion of his book in 1570 and his death a year later.

The third part of Meyer's treatise only appears in his published book and covers dagger, wrestling, and various pole weapons. His dagger teachings, designed primarily for urban self-defense, seem to be based in part on the writings of Bolognese master Achille Marozzo and the anonymous teachings in Egenolff, but also include much unique content of unknown origin (perhaps the anonymous dagger teachings in his Rostock manuscript). His staff material makes up the bulk of this section, beginning with the short staff, which, like Paurñfeyndt, he uses as a training tool for various pole weapons (and possibly also the greatsword), and then moving on to the halberd before ending with the long staff (representing the pike). As with the dagger, the sources Meyer based his staff teachings on are largely unknown.

Preface and Dedication

Dedication to the Lund 

Images	Draft Translation by Kevin Maurer	Lund Transcription
	To the Well born Lord, Duke Ottbo Count of Solms, Lord of Munzenberg and Sonnewaldt my Gracious Sir Well born Gracious Sir, Your Grace, my subservience and willing service, is as every time before. Kindly Sir, It's not without particular Reasons that the Old Writings of the Knightly Free Art of Fencing with all diligence, in their Books are praised and reposed and the Princes and gentlemen themselves, with earnestness Ordered namely but that more portions of Knightly Fighting and forthright strikes from there have arisen from trustworthy,credible words, that what through' splendid feelings for Manhood originated, for the Praise also thereby in the Highest Command and administration of War will be attained/revealed not solely in the History of the Greeks and Romans but is especially proven also through daily experience, that the training in various Knights games and Fencing, is learned with diligence, like those same practices that came long before, and it is masterful with all speed. Then more to our times Princes and Noblemen no less, Love it, and to the highest advancement than our Old Riders, how then also, You Grace, besides other free Arts, associates this manly Art with earnestness, and therefore I, Your grace, as an innocent Fencing Master, to this end, I must Instruct your grace which I in all Subservience and with willful courage have accepted, and while I am not alone, a particular beauty to such Art, but rather through Your Grace’s, merciful and consecrated will, you have sensed and found out about me I have no knowledge and Way but with it I, Your Grace, in such Art can subserviently serve and want to save, so this Fencing manual was put together, and all Stücken described, to Your Grace, and delivered in the subservient hope, that Your grace, would not only learn the techniques that are taught here, but through them thus they be cast in memory to be held, but rather also will swift and useful Stücken hence be learnt from not less than, thus, a similar Fencing master, that Your Grace will have had. I beg thus in subservience Your grace, wants a work such as mine, although unwary and minor a work, than that from one, Your grace, to all possible service in subservience and wholeheartedly, studiously flowed and graciously will accept. Of this will I, Your Grace, subserviently serve and wherewith I can pleasurably show, also to the Highest solicitude. May that the Almighty would confer on Your Grace, besides other prosperity, also long life in good health and Freedoms.
	Your Grace Subserviently Willing Joachim Meyer Fencing Master

Dedication to the 1570 

Images	Draft Translation by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Thorough Descriptions / of the free Knightly and Noble Art of Fencing / with various Customary Weapons / with many beautiful and useful illustrated Figures affected and presented. By Joachim Meyer / Free-Fencer in Strasburg YEAR 1570	[Ttl] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/6
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Long Sword

Introduction 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Contents of the first Book on Fencing with the Sword / and how its description is ordered / and whereupon this Knightly Art’s foundations are laid.	[Ir] Inhalt des ersten Buchs vom Fechten im Schwerdt / unnd was für Ordnung in beschreibung des-selben gehalten / auch warauff diser Ritterlichen Kunst grundtfeste gelegen.
	As I intent to diligently and truly and to the best of my understanding and abilities describe the art of Fencing in the Knightly and Manly weapons that are currently used most often by us Germans, and because fencing with the sword is not just the source and origin of all other forms of fencing but, as experience shows and as is obvious, also the most artful and manly next to other weapons, I deem it necessary and good to begin with it and do so in brevity but also clarity as it is customary in other arts and disciplines.	Dieweil ich mir die Kunst des Fechtens in disen Ritterlichen und Mannlichen Wehren / welche jetziger zeit bey uns Teutschen am meisten gebreuchlichsten / nach meinem besten verstand uñ vermögen auffs fleissigest und trewlichest zubeschreiben fürgenommen / und aber die erfahrung gibt und offenbar ist / das / das Fechten im Schwerdt nit allein ein ursprung und quell alles andern Fechten / sonder auch für andern wehren das aller künstlichst und manlichste ist / derwegen hat mich notwendig und für gut angesehen / von diser meinen eingang zumachen / und auffs kürtzest / aber doch klärlich davon auff solche weiß zuhandlen / wie in andern künsten und übungen allen beschicht.
	Firstly, list the terminology invented by masters of this art so that one can learn and comprehend the secrecy and speed of it all the quicker and easier. After that, explain these terms so that everyone may understand what is meant by them.	Erstlich ihre zugehörende terminos und art zureden / anzeigen / so von Meistern diser kunst mit sondern fleiß darumb erfunden / das man die heimligkeit und geschwindigkeit derselben desto kürtzer und ringer lernen und begreiffen möge. Nach mas solche terminos erklären und außlegen / damit eigentlich jederman möge verstahn / was durch solche art zureden verstanden soll warden.
	Then thirdly, achieve the ability to extend the art in your own right, and from your clarity attain and exude the proper judgement in Stance and Strikes so that Youth will not have to learn this art unguided and, because of your unspoken word, ill is wrought and they thus learn wrongly to the detriment of the art. Once achieved, we need your words and thoughts in this art, first from notes you would clarify, then onto subjects important to read in training, then to other subjects you want to develop further, so that the discipline of fencing grows on properly understood principles you have contributed to, rather than relying on mindless juggling, thus greater the difference between juggling and fencing will become, and the Knightly art of Fencing will grow from Warriors far and wide, particularly to Citizens at large, but beware the Juggler, to whom the unseemliest losses are and who is found everywhere in the world, until all are put away.	Dann zum dritten die übung der kunst an ir selbst darzuthun / wie sie soll auß den erklerten häuen und Legern ins werck gericht werden / auff das nit allein die Jugend so sich auff solche kunst zubegeben willens / durch solche inen unbekandte wort irrig gemacht und zur ver [Iv] achtung diser kunst verursacht würde / oder auch so mitten in der kunstr solcher wort gedacht / erst von nöten sie zu erkleren / welchs dan eim sehr verdrießlich zu lesen / sonder auch die erfarnen abnemen mögen / das die übung des Fechtens auß rechtem verstendigen grund ihr herkommen habe / und nicht an leichtfertigem Gauckelwerck gelegen / sintemal under solchem Gauckelwerck unnd dem Fechten ein grosser underschaid ist / und die Ritterliche kunst des Fechtens von allen weit erfarnen Kriegsleuten / insonderheit den Römern in grossem werdt / Hiergegen aber die Gauckler / vor das unwerdest losest gesindt / so auff der welt befunden / jhe und all weg gehalten worden.
	Fencing with the Sword is nothing other than a discipline, wherein your force strives together with your sword in placement so that one with the other, using care and agility, artfulness, delicacy and manlyness, are at need the same both in strikes and in other handwork one is obliged to, excepting when one is not in a serious situation, thus by such discipline one will be more dangerous and more skillful, and when needing to protect one’s body be more effective.	Unnd ist aber das Fechten im Schwerdt anders nichts dan ein übung / darin irer zwen mit dem Schwerdt zu samen streiten / im versatz / das einer den andern mit vorsichtigkeit und aller behendigkeit / künstlich / zierlich und manlich, im gebrauch desselben mit häuwen und anderer handarbeit oblige un sige / auff das wo von nöten in ernstlichen sachen / einer durch solche ubung desto hurtiger und geschickter / und zur beschützung seines leibs desto fürsichtiger sein möge.
	This can be advanced in three stages and be organized thus, namely as the Start, the Middle and the End, where the three stages each have one aim which you shall fence through, and must do one by one to advance, that you thereby know with which strikes or stances you will engage your counterpart and then frontally attack as you would in the Middle stage’s handwork, letting fly to work against the openings, keeping the initiative such that his attacks are preempted.	Dises kan fürnemlich in drey theil füglich und wol getheilt werden / Nemlich in den Anfang / das Mittel und das Ende / welche drey theil in einem jeden stuck / welches du zu Fechten fürnimest / sollen un müssen eigentlich in acht gehabt werden / das du nemlich wissest mit was häuwen auß oder von den Legern du dein gegenpart angreiffen wollest / als dan so du in angriffen / wie du ihm ferner im Mittel mit der handarbeit / frey fliegent zu den Blössen arbeiten / dein Vor so du im angriff ereilt zuerhalten.
	The Last is as you are fulfilled and will, with harm neither inflicted nor received, withdraw.	Zum letsten wie du fuglich unnd wol / wo nit mit seinem schaden doch ohn dein verletzung von ihm abziehen mögest.
	I call the Start pre-fencing, where one standing against another and he standing against you, have begun to fence. The Middle is the work or handwork, when one of the participants shall endure longer in the handwork than his opponent fencer, and displace in all withdrawals. The End is the resolution, where one fencer shall withdraw without damage from his opponent and strike away if desired.	Den Anfang / nun nene ich das zufechten / wann einer gegen dem Man / den er vor sich hat / zuficht. Das Mittel die bey arbeit oder handarbeit / wan einer im bundt oder lenger in seiner arbeit wider den gegenfechter verharret / un im mit aller geschwindigkeit zusetzet. Das ende [IIr] den abzug / wie sich der Fechter von seinem gegenpart one schaden ab un weg hauwen möge.
	The initial pre-fencing is the face off from the Stances to the strikes, which are of two kinds, namely the Lead Stances and the Secondary Stances, we start with the Lead Stances.	Das zufechten im anfang geschicht auß oder von den Legern mit den häuwen / welche zweyerley seind / nemlich die Hauptleger und die Beyleger / so auß dem Hauptleger entspringen.
	There are four Lead Stances, the Roof or Upper Guard, the Ox, the Fool, and the Plough. There are eight Secondary Stances, Wrathful Guard, Window Breaker, Long Point, Barrier Guard, Unicorn, Key, Iron Door, Changer. The strikes with the Sword are many, belonging to two groups, which are common to both the direct and indirect strikes which we shall name. The first group is named the Lead or Principal strikes, on which all other strikes are based, and which are four, Over, Under, Middle, and Wrathful strikes. The others are named the secondary or derivative strikes, which are twelve in number, namely the Glance, Curve, Short, Slide, Bounce: Single and Double, Blind, Wound, Crown, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Change Strike. Beyond these strikes come the proper Master Strikes, which we shall also name, from which all masterful and artful moves with the Sword are made and accomplished with varying grips, these are Wrath, Arc, Traverser, Glancer and Vertex which are all used when wanting to conclude and complete, and which I will describe to you. Just as I introduced pre-fencing, so I have clearly spoken and introduced the Strikes to you.	Der Haupleger seindt viere / der Tag oder Oberhut / der Ochs / der Olber / und der Pflug. Der Beyleger achte / Zornhüt / Brechfenster / Lang ort / Schanckhut / Einhorn / Schlüssel / Eisenport / Wechsel. Der häuw aber so vil das Schwerdt belangt seind zweyerley art / welche beyde in gemein die gerade und verkehrte häuw genent werden. Die erste heissen die Haupt oder Principal häuw / auß welchen alle andere häuw ihren ursprung haben / und deren seind vier / Ober / Under / Mittel / Zornhauw. Die andern werden die bey oder darauß wachsende häuw geheissen / deren zwölff seind / nemlich / Schiel / Krum / Kurtz / Glitz / Brell / Einfach und Dopel / Blendt / Wint / Kron / Knichel / Sturtz / Wechsehauw / rc. Auß disen beyden werden genomen die rechte Meisterhäuw / welche darum also genent werden / das alle meisterliche und künstlich stuck im Schwerdt in solchen begriffen gemacht unnd volbracht werden / nemlich Zorn / Krum / Zwerch / Schieler / Scheitelhauw / welche alle wie sie volbracht und gemacht werden sollen / wil ich in irer beschreibung so ich auff das zuFechten kom / und von den häuwen sag / klerlichen an tag thun.
	The second or Handwork in the Middle Stage involves the greatest art, where all your withdrawals in the fight can be advances. Look not only to how one can use the sword in binding, Winding, Changing, Enticing, Following After, Cutting, Doubling, Flowing off to leave be or in whatever shape you’ve cut, Hewing, Advancing, Twitching and Jerking, Adjusting, Grappling, Charging In, Throwing, and End Wrestling. An important concept is Targetting, through which one must come to understand Man and Sword, and through which one comes to understand proper stance and footwork, and from which how one shall handle one’s point.	Die Bey oder Handarbeit im Mittel begreifft die gröste kunst / und alle geschwindigkeit die im Fechten kan fürlauffen. Den sie zeigt nit allein an / wie man das Schwerd anbinden / Winden / Wechseln / Verfüren / Nachreisen / Schneiden / Doplieren / Ablauffen sol lassen / oder wölcher gestalt man umbschlagen / Schlaudern / Vorschieben / Absetzen / Zucken und Rucken / Verstellen / Ringen / Einlauffen / Werffen und nachtringen soll. [IIv] Sonder helt auch in sich die Blössungen / welche durch die außtheilung des Mans und Schwerdts muß verstanden werden / darzu denn auch das recht stehn und tretten gehörig / von welchem in seinem ort auch sol gehandelt werden.
	That brings us to the end, which flows from the Middle, and has the greatest Practical use, by which one ends each case, from thereof Withdraw soundly, in order to report what happened, and so arrange it all in the first chapter of Sword Fighting, from the Master Principles onward, so on to officially profess more skill in this Weapon, and by using this Book you shall Teach the initiates, and so after shall this art drive on to become more useful at need, and shall from others range farther to be sufficiently retold.	Das abziehen am ende / fleußt auß dem Mittel / unnd hat in der Practicken grossen nutz / derwegen zu ende eines jeden stucks / von darauff gehörendem Abzug / ordenlich soll bericht geschehen / und soll dises alles im ersten theil vom Schwerdt Fechten volricht werden / von Meisterstucken aber / und was zu mehrer behendigkeit zu diser Wehr dienstlich / damit diß Buch bey den anfangenden Schülern / und demnach auch den mehr erfahrnen diser kunst nutzlich sein möchte / soll im andern theil weitleuffiger und gnugsamer bericht beschehen.
	Such input I have seen fit to make for purposes of clearer understanding, so that with this Book each onward going shall become easier to understand, thus easier to modify, and thus initially to learn, and thus I shall see such Knightly arts grow onward, and will now with the first Letter of this chapter, whose first purpose is to teach usefulness, instruct by moving on to present the Four Targets.	Solchen eingang aber / hat mich derwegen für gut angesehen zu machen / damit diß Buch einem jeden desto leichter zuverstehn were / under sich darein wüste zurichten / so er anfenglichen verneme / in was ordnung ich solche Ritterliche kunst wolt darthun / will derwegen jetz im ersten Capitel von der theilung des Mans / als die am nützlichsten ist am ersten zümelden / bericht thun / und wie derselbig in vier quatier außgetheilt wirdt / anzeigen.

1 - Of Man and His Divisions 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Of Man and His Divisions Chapt. 1 From One’s divisions one shall come to understand the Openings and Stances, to and from which one will fence, ongoing to grasping the Middle or Handwork which will be described in the course of this Book, even though at first I was willing to sit and describe this subject alone without any other considerations. Then we move on to examine Fencing in all its components and arts, to be at first known from lessons, then from there to be shown, and then onward to be handled, and you shall at first want to take care to demonstrate how it’s properly done, so that not only the Middle or Handwork is attained, but that the Openings shall be minded, from lessons thereon to note taking, and going forward I shall not leave my written lessons behind me to be forgotten.	[IIIrv] Von dem Manne und desselbigen theilunge. Cap. 1. WIewol die theilung des Mans auß welcher die Blösungen und Leger entstahn / zu und von welcher auch gefochten würdt / eingentlich zu der Mittel oder Handtarbeit gehöret / derowegen auch im inhalt dises Buchs hievon meldung beschehen / jedoch hab ich dieselbe alhie zum ersten nit ohne sondere ursach wollen setzen un beschreiben. Den dieweil im Fechten und in allen stucken und künsten / es am ersten von nöten ist zu wissen / was das sey darumb es zu thun / un derwegen darvon gehandelt würdt / hat sich zum ersten wollen gebüren / hievon bericht zuthun / damit nit erst in dem Mittel oder Handarbeit so solcher Blösungen gedacht würt / von nöten davon zuschreiben / unnd ich im lauff meines schreibens hindersich gezogen wurd.
	Now we will visualise a man in four quarters or parts, Above and Below and on both the Right and the Left. Beyond this and how you view yourself, I dare not describe further, but if you care to look, you see that humans are arranged in high and low and right and left parts. In order to better understand my meaning, examine the figure on the right side of the picture above.	Nun wirdt aber der Man abgetheilt in vier quatier oder theil / in das Ober und das Under / und der jedes in das Recht und Linck. Dises was und wie sie an inen selbs seind / darff nicht weitleuffiges beschreibens / dieweil der augenschein selbs solches gibt am menschen was an ime das oberste oder das underste / auch Recht un Lincke theil sey. Doch zu mehrerm verstand was ich hiemit gemein / eklert das Bild zur rechten in obgesetzter Figur.
	And if these four parts weren’t already addressed enough for one, against them the Ancient German Fencer will need to strike with the various strikes as they are known among us Germans at this time, so special in their Handywork with the Winding, these will fight the furthest and against the Greatest since all of humanity in common is divided in the above named four parts. We see how the the Upper Vertices meet, and Below how the Chin and Throat are relevant. Onward we see the Right and Left parts which are joined across the Ears, both sides are relevant, both right and Left ears will be addressed.	Und ob schon dise nun erzelte vier theil des Mans gnugsam were / nach dem gebrauch der Alten Teutschen Fechter / bey welchen das Stechen so wol als das Hauwen zugelassen / jedoch die weil bey uns Teutschen jetziger zeit / un sonderlich in der Handarbeit mit den Winden / am meisten unnd fürnemsten nach dem Haubt gefochten wirdt / wil ich auch dasselbig wie den gantzen menschen in gemein / in die obgenante vier stuck abtheilen / Nemlich in das Ober so die Schei[IIIIr]tel betrifft / und das Under so dem Kin und Halß zustendig / und darumb das Rechte unnd Lincke theil / welche gemeinlich wegen der Ohren / so beyden seitten zustendig / das Recht oder Lincke Ohr genant werden.
	Be however you are, but don’t think that such divisions are too Childish to think about, like all things they can be improved upon, and so you must therefore respect their proper place, that while they can be furthered and presented alone, through these divisions all concepts to be learned in fencing can be grouped, and from one well and fountain they spring forth to flow. At the same time, Fencing is shown to be like nothing else, in that two persons with similar weapons can thus fight one another, whereby one can hurt the other through his skill or both will persevere to protect and defend themselves at need. In addition my need is to know then how in all weapons such concepts can be understood in the short term and be shown and explained, and if not to be returned to, until the Person can explain the sections, so by them if the opposing fencer tries to mark one or another part, one knows with proper displacement how to smoothly move to secure themselves. Or if one or another intends to aim for an opening, he can also strive to undertake this strike correctly. Then each one shall probe to hit the four points, be met there, and have to guard against same, and thus must always be on Guard, ready to displace.	Wiewol aber nicht ohne / das solche außtheilung etliche gar Kindisch duncken wurde / wie dan aller ding mehr tadler denn verbesserer / müssen es doch die guthertzigen darfür achten / das diß fürnemlich und allein darumb gemeldet / das auß diser teilung alle andere notwendige und zum Fechten gehörige stuck / als auß einem quel und brunnen entspringen und herfliessen. Den sintemal das Fechten wie obgemelt nichts anders ist / dan so zwo Personen in gleichen wehren gegen einander Kempffen / wie einer den andern mit behendigkeit verletzen / oder sich fürsichtigklich verteidigen und beschützen möge. Auch mein vornemen ist / wie den in allen andern wehren / solchs durch gewise stuck und kurtze begriff anzuzeigen und erkleren / hab ich nicht könen noch sollen hindergehn / solche teilung der Person alhie zumelden / damit ob der gegenFechter auß einem oder andern theil zuFechten sich vermercke leßt / einer mit rechtmessiger versatzung / widerumb sich gefaßt zumachen wißte. Oder ob jener auff einer oder andern seiten sich etwa mit einer Blösse erzeigen wurd / er sein streich auch auff ihn rechtschaffen mit vortheil anstellen könde. Dann je ein Man an deren vier orten einer / von wegen entdeckter Blösse getroffen / oder hinwider zuverhütung dessen / sich in die Hut oder versatzung muß legen.
	The means to learn what follows from the Stances, Strikes, and Targets is undertaken here more easily, in that these descriptions and presentations are enough for one to flow on.	Derwegen was volgends von den Legern / Häuwen unnd Blösungen gelehrt / ist hie leichtlich abzunemen / das solches alles auß diser nun gnugsam beschreibung un abtheilung des Mans herfleußt.

2 - Of the Sword and its Divisions 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Of the Sword and its Divisions Chapt. 2 Now we will clarify this and why it is done in fencing, namely how one or another are like the parts of one’s body which one strikes away from in knightly fashion or accordingly defend them at need. Just like the parts of the human are quickly understood, so it’s again apparent from noting why and how certain relative parts of the sword work against others to bring success, and similarly how you should know these labels or overviews before you try yourself likewise, so thus onward from nothing else than your Sword shall you cause communication, and meanwhile have wisdom not in only one device, but also shortly know cuts with the short edge, then with the long, then with the strong, and with the weak, then will you charge on to success from the Sword’s necessities and from heeding this Art’s known elements also have something to say.	[IIIIv] Von dem Schwerdt und seiner außtheilung. Cap. 2 Nach dem nun erklert / warumb es im Fechten zuthun / nemlich wie einer den andern etwa as einem theil seines leibs / Ritterlichen abbrechen oder hinwider seinen selbs verteidingen möge. Darauff auch die theil des menschen kürtzlich erklert / so ist weiter anzuzeigen von nöten / warum un durch was mittel dasselbig gegen einander zuvolbringen / und wiewol dasselb der Tittel oder uberschrifft dises teils vor sich selbst deutlich auß weist / das als nemlich hierinne von nichts anders dan dem Schwerdt allein meldung geschehen sol / Dieweil aber dasselb nicht auff einigerley art unnd weise allein geschicht / sonder bald mit der Kurtzen / bald mit der langen schneiden / bald mit der sterck / bald mit der schwech / wil sich gebüren nechstvolgendt von des Schwerdts gebreuchlichen unnd zu diser Kunst gehörigen außtheilung auch etwas zusagen.
	We define the form and figure of the Sword’s parts as its Pommel, Point, Cross or Hilt, Haft or Grip, and the Blade, about which, though without evaluation, we will now say several words.	Des Schwerdtes teil / was seine form un Figur antrifft / sein Knopff / Ort / Creutz oder Gefeß / Hefft oder Bindt un die Klinge / davon ohne not / was ein jeds / viler wort zugebrauchen.
	The Blade has basically two underlying divisions, where the first is the Strong and Weak, the other the Short and Long edges, those being the forward and trailing edges.	Die Kling hat widerumb zwo underschiedliche theilungen / derer erste ist in die stercke un Schweche / die ander in die kurtze und lange schneide / das ist vorder und hinder.
	The Strong of the Sword is the name for the part running from the Cross or Hilt to the middle of the blade, the Weak is from the middle to and with the point or end itself, from which the Long and Short edges grow.	Die Sterck des Schwerdts nennet man den theil vom Kreutz oder hefft / biß mitten in die klinge / die Schweche von der mitten biß and das ort oder endt derselben / dardurch die verenderung der stucke in Lange und Kurtze herwachsen.
	The Long Edge is the full length of edge from the fingers onward, directed against your opponent, the Short or half edge is the one nearest the thumb, between the thumb and index finger, first finger pointing at the fencer’s self, as if it is imitating the other’s weapon. We will speak as well of the spine of the sword, as shown in the previous illustration.	Die Langeschneid ist die volle Widerschneid von den fingern hinauß / gerad gegen deinem widerpart / die Kurtze oder halbe schneide heist die so gegen dem daumen oder zwischen dem daumen und zeiger / oder ersten finger gegen den Fechter selbst gekeret / als ob es umb gleichnus willen mit [Vr] andern wehren / also zu reden / der rucken am Schwerdt were / wie auß hie vorgesetzter Figur zusehen.
	From the overlying parts of the sword springs forths the correct total view, which is very useful in fencing, namely that the Sword is outwardly grouped in four parts and divisions, as is seen in the previous illustration.	Auß oberzelten theilungen des Schwerdts entspringen die rechte gantze theilung / welche im Fechten sehr nutzlich / nemlich das das Schwerdt abermals und ferner in gemein in vier theil getheilet und underscheiden / wie in hievor getruckter Figur zusehen.
	The first to be named is the Bind or Haft, including Pommel and Cross, for charging, Wrenching, Grappling, Throwing, and of service in other work.	Der erst wirt genant / das Bindt oder Hefft begreifft in sich Knopff und Kreutz / zum einlauffen / Ringen / Greiffen / Werffen und anderer arbeit dienstlich.
	The second is the Strong, as was counted, used in Cutting, Winding, Impacting, and otherwise where the Strong is useful in fencing.	Der ander die Sterck wie oberzelet / zum Schneiden / Winden / Trucken / unnd anderm was auß der sterck gefochten nützlich.
	The third part is the Middle, which lies between strong and weak on the halfway part and is used when needing to close in the changeful work, where it will be resorted to at every opportunity when needed.	Der dritte theil ist das Mittel / wirt auß der sterck unnd schwech umb den halben theil zugleich genomen / unnd der wandelbaren arbeit / welche nach eines jeden gelegenheit alweg mag gebraucht werden / zugeeignet.
	The fourth is the Weak, through which Changing, Rushing, Slinging, and similar such will duly be used in fencing, of which in what follows there will be many examples and pieces.	Der vierte ist die Schweche zum durch wechseln / Schnellen / Schlaudern / und was dergleichen auß der Lenge gefochten gehörig / wie du denn solches alles folgends vil und gnugsam Exempel und stuck haben würst.

3 - Of the Stances or Guards 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Of the Stances or Guards Chapt. 3 At all times and in all fencing, when wanting more ability and understanding, and in furthering and learning more of this Knightly art, the proper and basic elements are required in order to advance. Basically this is done because in fencing, one must fence such that One becomes one with one’s Sword, and although this was already stated correctly and sufficiently in the two previous chapters, so here in the third chapter, in order to clarify, it will be examined further, from which onward all fencing shall be fully known and further examined in three parts: the Start, Middle, and End as above was already stated. Onward from the Start, two basic underlying principles shall and must be attained, namely how from the Stances one shall execute the strikes, which will be named and counted, and how one thus comes to success will be clarified. Though the Guards or Stances are delicate, they are still advantageous positions for warding one’s entire body with the Sword, in which the fencer, as is often seen, will come before his opponent with proper placement, position, and stance, and so be unfound and last through the rushing by waiting through to advance onward, and immediately react to what’s coming and with advantage and wisened speed attack and strike against your opponent’s own stances, that he can go on striking without harming you, yet must give away his openings as he works against yours, and so he must either withdraw or strike away from his intended target, and so have his advantage minimised, his blade withdrawn and retreating, and you can then strike in your own efforts. Since the Stances or Guards have the four sections of ones body as their obvious origin, in that one is divided into four quarters, Over, Under, Left and Right, so also one’s opponent is divided and thus shall be encountered, as four Targets, and relative to them there are the four Primary Stances or Guards, from which all others originate and spring forth, which are the Ox, Plough, Roof and Fool, from which one comes to understand the secondaries which, in due order, one comes to deploy, which are the Wrathful Guard, Long Point, Changer, Close Guard, Iron Door, Hanging Point, Key, and Unicorn.	Von den Legern oder Huten. Cap 3. Sintemal in allem Fechten / um mehrers nutz un verstands willen / deren so dise Ritterliche kunst zu lehrnen fürhabens / recht un billich drey fürneme stuck sollen in acht gehabt werden. Erstlich warum es in dem Fechten zuthun / nemlich umb den Man / dan wamit sole [Vv] gefochten werde theils alhie mit dem Schwerdt / un aber bißher in den zweyen vorgehenden Capiteln / von beiden stucken gnusamer bericht geschehen / so erfordert alhie ferner die ordnug / das auch von dem dritten theil und stuck erklerung gethan werde / welches ist auff was weiß alles Fechten soll volbracht werden / das den fürnemlich beschicht durch drey stuck / den Anfang das Mittel und Endt wie oben angezeigt. Demnach aber der Anfang durch zweyerley underschiedlich stuck sol und muß gemacht werden / nemlich auß und von den Legern / als auß dem die häuw ihren anfang nemen / sagen / wie vil seind erzehlen / un wie sie volnbracht sollen werden / erkleren. Die Hut oder Leger aber seind ein zierlich / aber doch nothwendig / stellung und geberd des gantzen leibs mit dem Schwerdt / in welche sich der Fechter so er / wie offt geschicht / ehe den sein gegenpart zu ihm kompt auff den platz / stellet und Legert / damit er nit unversehens von im ubereilt un verletzt / sonder er in hierauß erwarten in acht haben / un alsbald er zu im kompt / mit vortheil un gewisser geschwindigkeit angreiffen un zuhauwen / und sich also gegen seinem widerpart Legern / das er ohn schaden zu ihm nit einhauwen köne / sondern entweders / so er nach seiner Blösse arbeitte / sich bloß geben müsse / un er ihm also die vermeinte zuhabne Blöß mit einem zu oder abtritt entziehen / oder ihm auff das wenigst so er auß seinem vortheil hiedurch gereitzet / sein Kling außnemen / in verhindern / und ihn in seiner arbeit stecken köne. Die Leger oder Huten aber / haben wie dan auch droben bemelt ihren ursprung auß der theilung des Mans / den wie der Man in vier quatier Ober / Under / Recht un Linck getheilt / so seind der Blössen auch vier darauff der gegenfechter fürnemlich zutreffen / und wie vier Blösse / also seind auch gleichfals viereley Hauptleger oder Hutten / darauß die andern alle herkommen und entspringen / als der Ochs / Pflug / Tag / un Olber / die andern aber so hierauß entstehn / seind Zornhut / Langort / Wechsel / Nebenhut / Eisenport / Hengetort / Schlüssel / Einhorn / davon denn ordenlich und kurtzlich soll gehandelt werden
	Ox The high parts are guarded with the Ox, which is two moded, Right and Left, thus one can stand in the Ox in two modes, namely the Right and Left modes. The right Ox will first be described, stand with your Left Foot forward, holding the Sword with the hilt next to your head, high and on the right side, so that your forward point is directed against your opponent’s face. For the Left Ox reverse this, namely stand with your Right Foot forward, hold your hilt near your head on its Left Side as said above. Thus you have been told of both Ox Guards or Stances, which is being shown by the Left Figure of illustration B above.	[VIrv] Ochs. DEr Obertheil am Man wirt dem Ochsen zugetheilt / und wie dasselbige zwey quatier hat / das Rechte und Lincke / also kan man auch das Leger des Ochsens in zwey theil / nemlich den Rechten unnd Lincken abtheilen. Der rechte Ochs wirdt nun also gemacht / stehe mit deinem Lincken Fuß vor / halt das Schwerdt mit dem Hefft neben deinem Kopff / zur Rechten Seiten in der höhe / das dein vorder ort dem Man gegen dem gesicht stehe. Zum Lincken Ochsen schick dich disem zugegen / nemlich trit mit dem Rechten Fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt mit dem Hefft neben deinem Kopff zur Lincken Seiten wie oben gemeld / so hast du beider Ochsen Hut oder Leger / welches Leger in der Figur so mit dem Buchstaben B verzeichnet ist / zur Lincken furgebildet.
	Plough The low parts are guarded with the Plough, whose two modes are similar figures for two sides, the Right and the Left, and so are named the Right and Left Plough, and both will become for you nothing else than stabs outward from below. The Right Plough is described as follows, stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your forward knee and your point pointing in your opponent’s face, as if you intend to stab him from below. While you are in the Right Plough, step forward with the Left foot and stand similarly to be in the Left Plough. The Right Plough is shown by the figure on the Right of the above illustration.	Pflug. DEr undertheil des Mans wirt dem Pflug zugeeignet / un gleicher gestalt wie dieselbige zwey quatier oder zwo seiten die Rechte un Lincke hat / also wird auch daher der Pflug der Rechte und der Lincke geheissen / seind beide an sich selbst nichts anders / dan ein stich von unden auff / den rechten Pflug volbring wie folget. Steh mit deinem rechten Fuß vor / halt deine Wehr mit dem Hefft neben deinem vorgesetzten Knie wende die spitzen oder den ort dem Man ins gesicht / als wolstu in von unden auff stechen / so bistu im Rechten Pflug / tritestu mit dem Lincken fuß fur / und thust im des gleichen / so ligestu im Lincken / unnd ist also der Recht Pflug in obgedachter Figur zur Rechten auch furgebildet.
	Roof The Guard of the Roof, which is also known as the High Guard, is explained as follows. Stand with your Left Foot forward, hold your Sword high over your head so its point is directly above, consider the figure on the left of the image above, illustration C, which indicates how one can operate from above, that all strikes can be fenced from the Roof or High Guard, which is why this Guard is named the Roof.	Tag. DIe Hut des Tags / welche man auch sunsten die Oberhut nennet / wirt auff volgende weiß volbracht. Stehe mit deinem Linckest Fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt hoch uber deinem Haubt / das das ort gerad ubers stehe / aller ding wie dich das Bilde zur Lincken / in der Figur welche mit dem Buchstaben C. gezeich[VIIrv]netlehre / was dann also von oben herein gearbet wirdt / heißt alles auß dem Tag oder Oberhut gefochten / darumb solch Leger der Tag genennet.
	Fool Fool is my adaptation of the word Jester, a name which leaves so much to be desired, in that from this Stance no successful finishing strikes can be made, one just uses them to gain an opening against the opponent through displacements to block strikes, which can be used to measure a Foolish and naive person who is not ready for counterstrikes to be struck against them. This will now be described. Stand with the Left leg forward, hold your Sword with the Point stretched out in front of you aimed at the ground in front of your forward foot, with the short edge above, the long edge below. Thus you stand in this Guard rightly, as you can see in the illustrated figure above on the right.	Olber. DEr Olber wirt meines erachtens von dem wort Alber / welches ist so vil als einfeltig genennet / sintemal auß disem Leger kein volkomlicher fertiger streich mag erlanget werden / man erhole sich dan nach des widerparts durch einen absatz entpfangenen streichs / eines neuwen / welches fürwar einem Albern und einfeltigen menschen zu zumessen / ohne bereidten gegenstreich auff sich schlagen zulassen. Diser wirt also formiert / stehe mit dem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt mit dem ort vor dir außgestreckt auff die Erden / fur deinen vorgesezten fuß / das die kurtze schneid oben / die Lange unden stehe / so ligst du in diser Hut recht / wie du solchers in gedachter Figur zur Rechten sehen kanst.
	Wrathful Guard The Wrathful Guard is known as such since the stance has a wrathful bearing, as will be shown. Stand with your left foot forward, hold your sword out from your right shoulder, so that the blade hangs behind you to threaten forward strikes, and mark this well, that all strikes out from the Guard of the Ox can be intercepted from the Wrathful stance, indeed leading from this stance shows unequal bearing from which One can entice onward, whereupon one can move quickly against the other as needed, as is shown by the Figure in illustration E (on the left).	Zornhut. DIe Zornhut ist also genant das solch Leger zornig geberd erzeiget / wirt also gemacht. Stehe mit deinem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt auff der rechten Achsel / also das die Kling hindersich herab zum gefaßten streich hanget / uu ist alhier zumercken / das alle stuck die auß der Hut des Ochsens gebracht / auch auß dem Zornleger gefochten werden können / allein das ungleiche geberde zu verführung des Mans in disem Quatier sich erzeigen / und jetzt dise / bald die andern gebraucht werden könen / besihe hievon die Figur so mit dem Buchstaben E. verzeichnet.
	Long Point Stand with your Left foot forward, hold your Weapon with outstretched arms out in front of your face, so that you stand and point forward at your opponent’s face, and thus you stand in the Guard of the Long Point, which you can see in the picture in illustration A.	Langort. STeh mit deinem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Wehr mit außgestrecken Armen / lang for deinem gesicht / das dein forder ort dem widerpart gegen seinem gesicht stehe / so ligstu in der Hut des Langen orts / wie dich das Bild in der Figur so mit dem A verzeichnet lehret.
	Changer This Guard shall now be fully described, stand with your Right foot forward, hold your weapon with the point or Weak stretched out from close at your side aimed at the ground, so that the short edge stands toward your opponent, such as can be seen from the right figure in illustration D above.	[VIIIrv] Wechsel. DIse Hut wirt also volbracht / stehe mit deinem Rechten fuß vor / halt deine Wehr mit dem ort oder Schwech auff der Erden neben dir zur seiten außgestreckt / das die kurtze schneid gegen dem Man stehet / wie du solches an dem Bild in der Figur so mit dem D. vermerckt sehen kanst.
	Close Guard To put yourself into this guard, stand with your Left foot forward, hold your sword close to your right with the point to the ground and the pommel above, and with the short edge against you.	Nebenhut. IN dise Hut schick dich also / Stehe mit dem Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerde neben der Rechten / mit der Spitzen auff der Erden / das der Knopff ubersich / und die kurtze schneid gegen dir stehe.
	Iron Door What the right Iron Door is, which you will find out should you go farther onto Rapier Fencing, that while it is used in stabbing with the Sword as by us Germans, this guard is also easily deflected and sent to the ground. Although at this time it is used by the Italians and other nations, it covers like the Barrier Guard, and so of the Iron Door no further report is therefore required.	Eisenport. WAs die recht Eysenport ist / wirstu hieunder im Rapier Fechten weitläuffgern bericht finden / Dan dieweil das stchen mit dem Schwerdt bey uns Teutschen auffgehaben / ist auch dise Hut gentzlich abkommen und zu grundt gangen / brauchen es aber Heutigs tags die Italianer und andere Nationen / ist jetz im grund die Schranckhut / und wird von den unerfarnen als die von der Eisenport keinen bericht haben dafür gebrauchet.
	There is a basic underlying division, and here I will shortly clarify both, and so will now describe the Iron Door. Stand with your right foot forward, hold your sword with the grip in front of the knee, with straightly hanging arms, that your point stands upward out at your opponent’s face. In addition, keep your Sword in front of you to shut like an iron door, and when you stand with feet wide and so come to lower your body, you can clear all strikes and stabs out and away from you.	Dieweil aber gleichwol ein underscheid darunder / hab ich die alle beide alhie kürtzlich erkleren wollen / und wirt die Eisenport also gemacht / stehe mit deinem rechten Fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt mit dem Hefft vor deinem Knie / mit stracken hangenden Armen / das dein orth ubersich auß dem Mane gegen seinem gesicht stehe / hat also dein Schwerdt vor dir zum schutz / wie eine Eisene thur / dan wan du mit den füssen weit stehest / also das der Leib under sich kompt / so kanstu alle häuw und stich darauß von dir abtragen.
	However, the Barrier Guard is when you hold your Sword with crossed hands in front of you with the point at the ground, which is seen from the figure in illustration F.	Die Schranckhut aber ist / wann du dein Schwerdt mit geschrenckten henden vor dir mit dem ort auff der Erden heltest / wie in volgender Figur deren Buchstaben das F. ist / augenscheinlich zuersehen.
	Hanging Point Since you’ll need to be in the correct Hanging Point during the work, look at the figure to the right of the above illustration. Even if the arms needn’t be as stretched as here will be shown, still put yourself into the named Guard. Stand with the right foot forward, hold your weapon with outstretched arms before you, so that the blade hangs somewhat toward the earth, this stance is very close to the Ox in similar form, only different in that in the Ox your arms are strongly held in high mode, but here shall be directly outstretched before your face, letting the Sword hang toward the Earth, therefore it is named Hanging Point.	[IXr] Hangetort. WIe du das Hangetort in das werck richten solt / lehrt dich das Bild zur Rechten in obgedachter Figur / allein das darinen die Arm nit gnügsam gestreckt hie angezeigt wirt / Derwegen schicke dich In gemelde Hut also / stehe mit dem rechten Fuß vor / halt deine Wehr mit außgestreckten Armen vor dir / das die Klingen etwas undersich gegen der Erden hange / diß Leger ist durchauß fast dem Ochsen gleichförmig / allein das du im Ochsen die Arm strack in die höhe empor heltest / hie aber gerad vor deinem Gsicht außgestreckt sein sollen / unnd das Schwerdt gegen der Erden hangen lassest / darumb es denn auch das hengetort geheissen.
	Key The Key is shown by the left figure in illustration D, stand with your Left foot forward, and hold your Sword with the haft and crossed arms in front of your chest, so that the short edge lies on your Left Arm, and the point is aimed at your opponent’s face. Thus is this stance or guard rightly made.	Schlüssel. DEr Schlüssel ist in der Figur welche mit dem Buchstaben D. verzeichnet / also fürgebildet / stehestu mit deinem Lincken fuß vor / und haltest dein Schwerdt mit dem Hefft und gecreutzigten henden vor deiner Brust / das die kurtze schneide auff dem Lincken Arm lige / und das ort gegen des Mans gesicht stehe / so wirt diß Leger oder Hut recht gemacht.
	Unicorn Come into pre-fencing with your Left foot forward, wings out from both sides, as if you would stand in the forenamed Key guard, drive with crossed hands overhead on your Right, so that the point is aimed high above and outward, thus it is named Unicorn, and stand as shown by the figure on the Right of illustration E.	Eynhorn. KOmm im zufechten mit dem Lincken Fuß vor / flügel von beiden seiten auff / als wollestu dich in vorgenanten Schlüssel Legern / fahre mit geschrenckten henden ubersich zu deiner Rechten / das die spitz in der höhe obersich her auß sehe / so heist es im Einhorn / unnd stehest wie du in der Figur hie gegen mit dem E. gezeichnet am bildt zur Rechten sehen kanst.
	And thus are named the count of the Stances or Guards, and now all in the work phase will be fully and shortly examined. After this point in all fencing, you will Strike, Strive, Displace, or float to work for what you wish, and not remain in a stance, but always drive from one to the other, as one or the other must soon become afflicted, thus you especially must move on to keep the working initiative, and will lead out from one to another of the above cited stances, which I will clarify with a few words about the strikes through the lines or pathways.	[IXv] UNd diß sey von den Namen der anzal der Leger oder Huten / un wie ein jedes ins werck gesetzt oder volbracht wird / kürtzlich vermeldet. Nach dem aber in allem Fechten / du Hauwest / Arbeitest / Versetzest / oder treibest für arbeit was du wollest / nicht in einem Leger verharren / sonder alweg auß einem in das ander verfahren / unnd eines in das ander verwandlen must / wil dir in sonderheit gebüren ein gut fleissigs auffmercken zu haben / wie oberzeiten Leger eins auß dem andern ervolgen / welches ich dañ mit den Hauwen durch die Linien oder strassen etlicher massen mit wenig worten will erkleren.
	Firstly if you will execute the high or Vertex Strike, you will find yourself in three Stances, first in the start you will stand in the Roof, in the Middle in the Long Point, and end up in the Fool, so you have moved directly from above through the Line from A to E via three Guards or Stances. If you then drive farther on upward from below to displace with crossed hands, you will find yourself in three more Stances, at the start in the Iron Door, in the Middle the Hanging Point, and in the end full above you in the Unicorn, then grip your Sword with the haft before your chest, so that the half edge lies on your left arm. Now you stand in the Key, and thus you come have onward and drove on along Line A and E from one stance into the other.	Erstlich so du den odern oder Scheitelhauw thust findestu drey Leger / dann im anfang ligstu im Tag / im Mittel im Langenort / am endt im Olber / also hastu in der geraden Lini von ober herab von A und E drey Huten oder Leger / fehrestu widerumb von unden herauff mit geschrenckten händen zur versatzung / befindestu abermals drey Leger / Nemlich im anfang die Eysenport / im mittel das Hangentort / im endt ubersich in voller höh das Einhorn / ziehest du dein Schwerdt mit dem hefft vor die Brust / das die halbe schneide auff deinem Lincken Arm ligt / so stehestu im Schlüssel / also kommestu im auff und abfahren in der Lini A. und E. auß einem Leger in das ander.
	The other lines to consider are on the right where we will now examine two strikes. One is from the right Ox striking the high quarter, with the H - D line being addressed, the other is from the Left high part going to the right lower part, along the B - F line. How you will strike through these will be further described here, and then I will soon take you farther through all Strikes and Stances on both sides, both Right and Left, which will be fully described, and of this I will disclose all favourable methods shortly but will start by describing only one method. Firstly or initially move into the Wrathful Guard, from which also comes the strike’s name, that is the Wrathful Strike, which is named for its wrathful bearing and intent, then midway through the strike move into the Long Point, and at the end move into the Changer. Should you strike onward from here with the Long edge, you will then go farther through three more Stances, which start with the Low Guard, onward through the middle with the Long Point, and end above you in the Unicorn, striking through the Line cited above. Thus from either side as you wish, you will start from the Changer and go through the Long Point into the Wrathful Guard. You can similarly strike out with your Sword from the Hanging Point, from which you drive over in front of you to move into the Guard of the Ox. Thus you find always, when taking the indicated Lines, one moves through them via at least three stances.	Der andern Linien so Schlim durch die rechte Lini herabwerts streichen seind zwo / eine die von dem rechten Ober quatier streichet / mit H. und D. bedeutet / die ander die von dem Lincken Obertheil zu dem Rechten undertheil geht / im B. F. gezeichnet / Du hauwest nun durch welche du wilst / dan hieroben gemelten und alhier ichs kurtzlich widerholet haben wil / das alle Häuw und Leger auff alle beide seiten / Recht und Lincks volbracht werden können / ob gleich umb geliebter kürtze willen zum mehrerm theil dieselb nur auff eine art beschrieben / so kommestu erstlich oder anfangs in die Zornhut / von welcher auch der Hauw den Namen bekommet / das er [Xr] der Zornhauw / umb zornigs geberdt willen genennet / auff halben weg des Hauwes ins Langort / und am endt in den Wechsel. Zeihestu von dasien den streich wider herauff mit Langer schneid / so gehestu wider durch drey Leger / als im anfang gibt es die Nebenhut / in der mit widerumb das Langort / unnd im endt ubersich das Einhorn / Streichestu durch obermelten Lini eine / sey von welcher seiten es wolle / so kommestu auß dem Wechsel durch das Langort in die Zornhut / auch kanstu im auffstreichen dein Schwerdt verwenden in das Hangentort / auß welchem so du ferner ubersich fahrest kommestu in die Hut des Ochsens / also findestu alweg so offt du der gezeichneten Lini eine durchferest auff das wenigste drey Leger.
	However it shall be a good Fencer who does not rush and who waits longer in his Stances, so that as soon as he can reach his opponent to attack, he can Fence onward to take the pre-named paths, as waiting longer allows many displacements from which one eventually can come to strike, as will be described below.	Es sol sich aber ein guter Fechter nicht gewehnen / in seinem Legern lang zu warten / sondern alßbald er seinen gegenman kan erlangen / denselben angreiffen / und sen vorgenommen stuck außFechten / Dann lang warten bedarff vil versetzens / auß welchem man langsam zu streichen kan kommen / wie unden vom versetzen weiter gesagt.
	The Stances are also very useful towards the divisions and openings, thus if one comes into a Stance without danger before Striking, he can soon be mindful of what path to take from pre-fencing. These then serve not just for careful and sensible changes from one Stance to the other, but also to entice the opponent, such that he will be made unable to know what you shall Fence with. Lastly this is also good and useful for all from here on, in that you will easily know and recognise your opponent’s part, and what he can safely fence with, and so thus oppose him more sensibly.	Es sein auch die Leger sehr nutz / zu der stuck abtheilung / dann ob einer im Vorhauwen ohne gefehr in ein Leger kommet / kan er sich alßbald darauß erinnern / was für stuck darauß zuFechten. Als denn dienen sie nit allein zum zierlichen und füglichen abwechseln / auß einem Leger in das ander / sonder auch zur verfuerung des Mans / und das er jrr gemacht wirdt / nicht wissen mag / was er auff dich Fechten soll / und letzlichen ist auch diß hierauß nutzliche~ und gut / das du deines gegenparts stuck leichtlich ersehen und kenen kanst / was er ungefehrlich auff dich Fechten wirt oder kan / und im also desto füglicher begegnen.
	Now much has been said about this art’s start, namely the pre-fencing against your opponent, which faces off through the Stances to the Strikes. Now the rest of the art will follow and we will move onto other parts, and in due form onto the next chapter, which is Of The Strikes.	So viel sey gesagt von diser kunst anfang nemlich / dem zufechten gegen dem Man / welches geschicht mit den häuwen durch die Leger. Jetzt volgt der gantzen kunst anderer Theil / so zu dem ersten noch gehörig / welches ist von den Häuwen.

4 - Of The Strikes 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Of The Strikes Chapt. 4 Now I come to write of the artful and free Knightly exersize, namely to the Strikes, which is a major Heading in Fencing in that the basics are given here, the number is told, each is described, and how they are executed to the full, will here be noted and told, and from here alone the friendly reader will afterward be reminded, that between the Sword Fighting times, when it was in custom for our forefathers and the ancients, and our time there is a great difference, in that not only was the point used, which is not the custom today, but of old much more of the Sword was used in the strikes, and they fenced sharply with both strikes and stabs, and thus shall I present this and other points of knowledge.	[Xv] Von den Häuwen. Cap. 4. Nun kompt das man zu der kunst und freien Ritterlichen übung selbst schreite / nemlich zu den Haewen / welche das eine rechte Hauptstück im Fechten /wie solches anfangs gemeldet) seind / wie viel deren / was ein jeder sey / wie er gemacht und volbracht sol werden / ist nöttig hie etwas zusagen / will allein hie den freundlichen Leser zu vorderst erinnert haben / Dieweil zwischen dem Schwerdt Fechten zu unsern zeiten / wie bey unsern vornfahren und uralten im gebrauch gewesen / ein grosser underscheid / das ich an diesem ort nur was jetzund gebräuchlich und so viel zum Schwerdt gehörig von häuwen erzelen / so vil der alten gebrauch aber belangt / wie sie beide mit Hauwen und stechen scharpff gefochten / will ich in seinem gewissen unnd sondern ort anzeigen.
	However, as of now the Strikes with the Sword belong to two underlying principles, as in the direct and inverted strikes. The Direct strikes are named such as they strike against the opponent with the long edge and outstretched arms. There are four, the Over, Wrathful, Middle and Under Strikes, and from these all the others come forth, and in the world will still be found none conceived as such, and of them not one of these will be feebly grasped and deployed by you. These are named the Lead or Principal Strikes.	Der Häuw aber so vie das Schwerdt jetzt belangt / sind zweierlei underschiedne art / als gerade und verkerte Häuw / die Gerade nenne ich so mit Langer schneid und außgestreckten Armen gegen dem Man gehauwen werden / deren sein vier Ober / Zorn / Mittel / Underhauw / auß disen dieweil die anderen alle herkommen / und keiner auff der welt so seltzam erdacht noch erfunden kann werden / der nit under deren einem füglich möchte begriffen werden / seind sie auch / unnd billich / die Haupt oder Principal Häuw geheissen.
	The inverted strikes are those where in the strike you turn your sword hand around so that you hit the opponent, not with the full or long edge, but somewhat with the short edge, flat, or engage at an angle. Face this with the Slide, Short, Crown, Glance, Arc, Traverse, Bounce, Blind, Wind, Knee Hollow, Plunge, and Changer Strikes. Thus you come to the four above cited Strikes, and from there the various strikes are named.	Die Verkerte Häuw seind die / wan man in den Häuwen die handt mit dem Schwerdt verkert also das man nicht mit voller oder Langer schneid / soder etwa mit halber schneid / flech / oder einer ecken den Man trifft / als da geschicht mit dem Glitz / Kurtz / Kron / Schiel / Krump / Zwerch / Brell / Blend / Windt / Knichel / Sturtz / Wechselhauw. [XIr] Dise dieweil sie auß den vier oberzelten Häuwen herkomen sein / werden sie darauß wachsende Häuw genannt.
	Now from these both come five for further reading, as the Master Strikes will be named, not that one can thus fully use the weapon Rightly, and Master this art so soon, but that from them one can Master all proper artful elements which will be acted on from knowing them here, and thus you can Fence properly at need, and become an artfully striking Fencer, who retains all Master principles at the same time, and against whom nothing can be borne. These Strikes are Wrathful, Arc, Thwart, Glancer, and Vertex.	Nun auß disen beiden komen un werden außgelesen fünff / so die Meisterhäuw genandt werden / nit das wer dieselben wie Recht volbringen kann / als bald ein Meister dieser kunst zunennen / sondern das aus denselben alle rechte künstliche stuck die einem Meister wol gezimen zuwissen her gehen / und der sie recht Fechten und brauchen kann / für einen kunstreichen Fechter zuhalten / sintemal alle Meisterstuck in denselben verborgen / und man derer mit nichten kann entberen. Die seind der Zorn / Krump / Zwerch / Schieler / und Scheitelhauw.
	How all these are done I will show you in due order, and firstly speak of the Direct Strikes, of which the first will be the Over Strike.	Diese alle wie sie gemacht sollen werden / will ich ordenlich nach einander anzeigen / und erstlich von den Geraden Häuwen sagen / under welchen der erst der Oberhauw.
	Over Strike The Over Strike is a strong strike directly from Above, against your opponent’s head or scalp, therefore it is also called Vertex Strike.	Oberhauw. DEr Oberhauw ist ein Gerader hauw stracks von Oben / gegen deines widerparts kopff nach dem Schedel zu / darumb er auch Schedelhauw genant wirt.
	Wrathful Strike The Wrathful Strike is a serious strike from your Right Shoulder, against your opponent’s left ear, or through his face or chest, consider how it’s done through two lines, with the lines drawn through the upper right and crosswise overtop one another. This is the strongest beyond all others in that all one’s strength and manliness is laid against one’s opponent in fighting and fencing, therefore the ancients also named it Straight Strike or Father Strike. Along the considered lines you can move onwards, etc.	Zornhauw. DEr Zornhauw ist ein Schlimmer hauw von deiner Rechte Achsel / gegen deines widerparts lincken ohrs / oder durch sein gesicht und Brust / Schlims durch wie die zwo Linien / so durch die auffrecht Linien kreutzweiß uber einander sich schrencken anzeigen. Diß ist der sterckest under allen andern / als darinen alle krafft unnd manligkeit des des Mans gegen seinem feindt im Kempffen unnd Fechten gelegen / darumb er auch von den Alten Streithauw oder Vatterstreich genant und geheissen wirt. Von gedachten Lini findestu hernach / etc.
	Middle or Diagonal Traverse Strike The Middle or Traversing Strike can execute most effects the Wrathful Strike can, the difference is only that while the Wrathful Strike is a forceful high point, the Diagonal Traverse is brought full on. How the upper lines are traversed is shown in both illustration C (background) and illustration G (background). Such lines are also applicable to Dusack.	[XIv] Mittel oder Uberzwerchhauw. Der Mittel oder zwerchhauw kann fast aller ding wie der Zornhauw gemacht werden / allein ist diß der underscheidt / das wie der Zornhauw schlims uber ort / also dieser aber uberzwerch volbracht wirdt / wie zusehen an der uberzwerch Linien mit beiden Buchstaben G und C verzeichnet / solche Linie findestu hernach im Dusacken.
	Under Strike This you execute thusly, strike so that you move into the Right Ox (more is said about this in the next chapter) and thus can bring your opponent fencer into range, and step to strike from below traversing above into their left arm, while coming into position with the hilt high above your head, and thus complete. Regarding this, see the figures fighting against the left in the background of illustration B.	Underhauw. Disen machstu also / Verhauw dich das du in Rechten Ochsen kommest (davon im nechst vorgehenden Capitel gesagt ist) und als bald du deinen gegenfechter erlangen kanst / so trit und hauw von Unden uberzwerch nach seinem Lincken Arm / das du mit dem kreutz hoch uber deinem Haupt kommest / so hastu in volbracht. Davon besihe die kleinen bossen in der Figur mit dem B gegen der Lincken handt.
	Glancing Strike The Glancing Strike is also a High strike, but has been so named in that one closes with a small glancing blow, which is done thus: put yourself in the Guard of the Roof or Wrath (as shown in the third chapter) with your left foot forward, from which you will be striking, and while striking be sure to wind your short edge against his strike, and hit with inverting hands at the same time as closing with him, step fully with your Right Foot toward his left side, and so quickly take his head, thus have you done it rightly, and will stand as shown by the figures fighting on the left side of illustration G.	Schielhauw. Schielhauw ist auch ein Oberhauw / aber darumb also genant das er gleich mit einer kleinen Schiele gehawen / wirt also gemacht / stell dich in die Hut des Tags oder Zorns (davon im dritten Capitel) mit dem Lincken fuß vor / wirt auff dich gehauwen / so Hauwe hingegen / doch im streich verwende dein kurtze schneid gegen seinem streich / unnd Schlag mit ebichter hand zuglich mit ihme hinein / trit mit deinem Rechten Fuß wol auff seine Lincke seiten / und nimm den Kopf geschwindt mit / so hastu ihm recht gethan / und stehest wie das grosser Bild in nechst gedachter Figur mit dem G gegen der lincken anzeiget.
	Arc Strike This strike is described thus: stand in the Wrath Guard with your left foot forward, when your opponent strikes, step with your right foot fully away from his strike and against his left side, strike with the long edge and crossed hands against his strike, or between his pommel and blade, diagonally over his hands, and fully overshoot his arms to lay on the blade, as shown in illustration D by the figures on the upper right hand side.	[XIIrv] Krumphauw. DIser Hauw wirt also volbracht / stehe in der Zornhut mit dem Lincken fuß vor / Hauwet dein gegen Man auff dich / so trit mit deinem Rechten fuß wol auß seinem streich gegen seiner Lincken seiten / Hauwe mit Langer schneid unnd geschrenckten henden seinem hauw entgegen / oder zwischen seinen Kopff und Klingen / uberzwerch auff seine hendt / und laß die Kling wol uber seinen Arm uberschiessen / wie solches in der Figuren mit dem D an obern bossen zur rechten Hand zusehen.
	Thwart You send yourself into the Thwarter thus: assume the primary stance of Wrathful Guard to the right (as shown in the previous chapter), that is you put your left foot forward and hold your sword over your right shoulder, as if you would strike a wrathful strike, and when your opponent strikes you from the roof or above, strike closely with your short edge, breaking against his strike from below, holding your hilt high above to displace near your head, and strike to close by stepping full onto his Left side, thus displacing and closing against the other as shown by the left background figures of illustration H. This can be executed to the left thus striking his right side with a changed point, in that you will strike against his right by engaging with the long edge.	Zwerch. ZU der Zwerch schick dich also / stell dich im zufechten in die Zornhut zur Rechten (davon in vorgedachte Capitel) das ist / setz deinen Lincken fuß vor / halt dein Schwerdt an deine Rechte Achsel / als ob du ein Zornhauw thun wolltest / Hauwet dan dein gegen Man auff dich von dach oder Oben / so Hauwe zugleich mit halber schneid / von unden uberzwerch gegen seinem hauw / behalt dein kreutz hoch ob deinem Haupt / damit dein Kopff versetzet sey / und mit dem hauw zugleich trit wol auff seine Lincke seiten / so versetzestu und triffest mit einander wie die zwen bossen in der Figur mit dem H gegen der Lincken anzeigen. Wie du diese Zwerch zur Lincken volbracht / also soltu sie auch gegen seiner Rechten in das weck richten / allein das du gegen seiner Rechten mit Langer schneide antreffen solt.
	Short Strike This is a secretive attack, and is described thus: when your opponent strikes you from above, stand as if you would respond with a Arc Strike, that is to bind his sword with the half edge, but let it fall and drive through under his sword, strike with the half edge and crossed arms over his right arm to hit his head, thus you have closed off his sword with the long edge, and accomplished the Short Strike, and stand as is shown by the smaller figure (mid background) on the left of illustration B fighting against the right.	Kurtzhauw. DIser ist ein heimlicher durchgang / und wirt also gemacht / wann man von Oben zu dir einhauwet / so stelle dich als woltestu mit dem Krumphauw / das ist mit halber schneide auff sein Schwerdt anbinden / underlaß es doch / unnd fahr behend under seinem Schwerdt durch / schlahe mit halber schneid unnd geschrenckten Armen [XIIIr] uber seinen Rechten arm zum Kopff / so hast sein Schwerdt mit Langer schneid auffgefangen / unnd den Kurtzhauw volbracht / und stehest nach ende desselbigen / wie an den obern kleinern bossen zur Lincken / das Bilde gegen der Rechten handt außweisset / welche Figur ist mit dem Buchstaben B verzeichnet.
	Slide Strike The Slide Strike is described as follows: when you are attacked from above, hit with even or free hands against his strike, aiming at his upper left opening, let your blade’s midsection ride up his blade so that the short edge will swing over his hands and hit his head.	Glützhauw. DEr Glützhauw wirdt dermassen volbracht / hauwet einer von Oben gegen dir zu / so schlag mit letzer oder ebichier handt gegen seinem streich / der Lincken obern Blöß zu / laß deinen Schwerdts klinge an seiner klingen mit ebichter fleche abritschen / das die kurtze schneidt im schwung uber die handt den Kopff treffe.
	Bounce Strike This one is twofold, one the single, the other one named the double. The single is made thus: when your adversary strikes at you from above, meet his strike with a Zwerch, as soon as it connects, twitch the sword around the head, and strike from your left with the outward flat towards his ear, as shown by the large figures on the right hand side of Illustration K, so that the sword bounces back again, thus twitch it during the rebounding swing back around the head again, strike with the Zwerch towards the left, thus it is completed.	Prellhauw. DIser ist zweyerley: Einer der Einfach / der ander der Doppel genandt. Der Einfache wirt also gemacht / hauwet dein gegentheil auff dich von Oben her / so begegne seinem streich mit einer Zwerch / als bald es dan glitzt so zuck das Schwerdt umb deinen Kopf / unnd schlag von deiner Lincken mit außwendiger letzer flech / zu seinem Oher / aller ding wie das reosser Bild zur Rechten hand in der Figur K außweißt / das das Schwerdt widerumb zu ruck abprelt / zuck es also im abpreleten schwung wider umb deinen Kopf / Hauw mit der zwerch zur Lincken / so ist er volbracht.
	Do the double thus: just as your adversary brings his sword in the air to work against you while closing in, place yourself in the right Ochs, twitch your sword around your head, and strike with the inward flat strongly against his blade from your right side so that your pommel touches your forearm during the strike, as it is depicted in the large picture in Illustration I, and can be seen on the left hand side. However, while striking step well around towards his left with your right foot, and as soon as it hits or connects, pull it upwards and wrench out simultaneously towards your left side and nimbly strike from the outside with inverted hands again towards the same opening, that is with the inverted flat when it strongly rebounds in a ricochet motion, thus you have done it right.	Den Doppeln mach also / als bald im zufechten dein widerpart sein Schwerdt in die lufft bringt zur arbeit / so stell dich in den Rechten Ochsen (davon im nechsten Capitel) zucke das Schwerdt umb dein Haupt / unnd Hauw mit inwendiger flech von deiner Rechten starck wider seine klinge / das dir dein Knopf im schlag unden an die spindel rühre / wie solchs an dem grossern Bild in der Figur I verzeichnet / gegen der Lincken handt zusehen / im streich aber trit mit deinem rechten fuß wol umb seinen Lincke / und so bald es glitzt oder rühret / so ruck es ubersich / reiß in des gegen der Lincken seiten gleich mit auß / und schlage behend außwendig mit ebichter handt wider [XIIIIr] umb zu derselben Blöß hinein / nemlich mit letzer oder ebichter fleche / als wann es sich in einem widerprell also herte umbprellt / so hastu ihn recht gemacht.
	Blind Strike Bind your opponent’s sword from your right side, wind through in the clash against his left side with your hilt or haft below, when your opponent tries to swipe away the winding, quickly move the weak with crossed hands from your right toward his left against his head, that is the forward point, wind your hands through again or twist out to your left with the half edge. Thus you have fully executed the Blind Strike, which can be made in many ways and from there further on in places.	Blendthauw. BIndt dem Mann von deiner Rechten an sein Schwerdt / windt im Bandt mit dem gehültz oder Hefft unden durch gegen seiner Lincken seiten / wann nun dein widerpart dem winden will nachwischen / so schnell geschwindt von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken mit geschrenckten henden / die schweche zu seinem Kopff / das ist der vorder ort / windt behend wider durch / oder reiß auff deiner Lincken seiten mit halber schneiden auß / so hastu den Blendthauw volbracht / dieser Blendthauw wirdt auff vil wege gemacht. Darvon in Stucken weiter.
	Wound Strike The Wound Strike is described as follows: if your opponent strikes from above, then strike against his sword with crossed hands from the left and below, so that your pommel sits under your right arm, and thus quick to glide, step strongly from him from your left side with your left foot, swing your sword’s pommel out farther in an arc toward your left side so that the swing moves your long edge over his right arm behind his pommel or hits atop his right arm, as is shown by the figure in the right side foreground of illustration H, and closely thereafter your sword flies out from close to your side, and again strikes against the hands through the cross, so it is done.	Windthauw. DEr Windthauw wirt volgender gestalt gemacht / Hauwet dein gegenpart auff dich von Oben / so Hauwe von Unden mit gekreuzten henden / von deiner Lincken an sein Schwerdt / also das dein Knopff under deinem rechten Arm außsehe / unnd so bald es gliitzt / so blad trit mit dem Linkcen fuß von ihme aus / wol auff dein Lincke seiten / zeuch dein Schwerdts knopff wider ab in ein runde / gegen deiner Lincken seiten herfür / das deine Lange schneid uber seinem Rechten Arm hinder seine klingen seinen Kopff im schwang rühret / oder uber seinen rechten Arm treffe / davon besihe das grosser Bild in gedachter Figur mit dem H gezeichnet zur Rechten / und das demnach zuglich dein Schwerdt neben deiner seiten ausfliehe / unnd Hauw behendt durch das kreutz wider dargegen / so ist er gemacht.
	Crown Strike This you hold thus: when you stand in the Plough or in a similar stance (which are discussed in an earlier chapter) which allow stabs from below, and your opponent strikes at you from above, then drive above you with a high traversing cross, intercept his strike above on your riccasso or quillons, and as soon as he slides, bring your pommel up high and strike with the half edge behind his blade onto his head, thus you have rightly executed the Crown Strike.	Kronhauw. DIeser helt sich also / wann du im Pflug stehest / oder sonsten durch ein Leger (von welchem im vorgehenden Capitel gesagt ist) von Unden auff zustechest / unnd dein widerpart von Oben auff dich Hauwet / so fahre mit uberzwerchem kreutz ubersich / fang ihme seinen streich in der lufft auff dein schilt oder kreutzstang / und als bald es glitschet / stoß den Knopff behnd ubersich / und schlag ihn mit der halben schneiden hinder seiner klingen auff den Kopff / so hastu den Kronhauw recht volbracht.
	Knuckle Strike This strike takes its name from the joint against which it is tried, and is completed thus: when at first you hold your hands high above your head, and your opponent is moving under his sword so his head is held between both arms, then strike with a traversing strike under his sword’s pommel, with a view to his knuckles or to the joints between hand and arm. If he holds his hands much too high, then strike with a rising traverse Strike from below up against the knob of his elbows, thus is it completed.	[XIIIIv] Kniechelhauw. DIeser hat den Namen von dem Gliedt / nach welchem er gerichtet wirdt / den vollend also / wann du mit deinen henden hoch uber den Kopff nach dem ersten angriff / deinem gegenfechter under sein Schwerdt kommen bist / und seinen Kopff also zwischen beiden Armen heltet / so Hauw mit den Zwirchhäuwen under seines Schwerts Knopff / ubersich nach seinen Kniecheln / oder zu den gelencken zwischen seiner Hand und Arm / helt er die hendt gar zu hoch / so Hauw mit obgemelten Zwirchhäuwen von Unden auff nach dem knöpfflein bey den Elenbogen / so ist er gemacht.
	Plunge Strike Although this strike is an Over Strike, be aware that between one and the other lies a minor difference, from which comes this strike’s name of Plunge Strike, that one strikes through by plungeing from above, and that the point comes against one’s opponent’s face from the Ox, and can thus be executed from the start or pre-fencing.	Sturzhauw. OBwohl dieser Hauw ein Oberhauw ist / unnd dafür geachtet das zwischen diesem und jenem ein geringer underscheidt sey / wirdt doch dieser darumb der Sturzhauw genant / das er im durchhauwen alweg oben ubersturzt / das die spitz dem widerpart gegen seinem gesicht kompt in Ochsen / und wirt den mehrertheil im gang oder zufechten gebraucht.
	Change Strike The Change Strike is nothing other than changing from one side to the other, from above to below and back again, before striking your opponent, thus make it so.	Wechselhauw. DEr Wechselhauw ist nichts anders / dann vor dem Manne mit den häuwen von einer seiten zur andern / von Oben zum Undern und hinwieder abwechseln / ihn damit irre zumachen.
	Rusher or Twitch-hit Rusher or twitch-hit(?) is basically a thing which is actually not a strike, but if the strike should be rushed it will be completed in the middle or full work when one has engaged, namely from above or on both sides or from below against your opponent with the flat or outer part of the blade, let the weapon snatch or rush inward in a swing over or under his blade.	Schneller oder Zeckrur. SChneller oder Zeckrur ist fast ein ding / welche eigentlich nit häuw seindt die gehauwen / sonder geschnelt werden / die werden volbracht in mitten oder voller arbeit / wann einer fug hat / so nemlich von Oben oder auff beiden seiten / oder von Unden gegen deinem gegenpart mit der flech oder eussern theil der klingen / das wehr last Schnappen oder in einem schwung oben oder under seiner klingen hinein schnellest.
		Diß ist kurtzlich die eigentlich beschreibung der Häuw / wie sie im Fechten des Schwerdts üblich / Dieweil [XVr] aber dieselb mit den streichen / treten unnd Häuwen nur wie sie auff eine seiten unnd art einfach gebraucht werden mögen / alhier beschrieben / und aber sie auff beiden seiten können gefochten werden / hab ich den gutherzigen Leser dessen alhier erinnern wollen / das gleicher gestalt ein jeder aus den vorgehenden Häuwen wie er gesetzt / unnd von einer seiten gemacht / also auch von der andern artig und füglich kann volbracht werden / darumb dann ich der selben weitleuffige widerholung unnd ernewerte beschreibung / als uberflüssig gutwillig übergangen.
		Weil aber umb vile der Häuw und ihrer verenderung möchte gefragt werden / warumb solches beschehe / so doch alles genugsam in den vier Haupthäuwen sampt dem Schielhauw / mit welchem die andere verkehrte häuw begriffen unnd verstanden werden / will ich den liebhabenden Leser dieser kunst ermanet haben / das solche bißher erzelte zuhäuw wol all in den fünff Meisterhäuwen begriffen / als die aus denselbigen herwachsen / jedoch eigentlich von den erfahrnen dieser kunst / zu mehrer fleissiger unnd nutzlicher ersuchung / unnd von einander theilung der kunst darumb erfunden / unnd mit ihren underschiedlichen namen benamset / damit die kunst die also in einander gewickelt verborgen / desto ehe und leichter begriffen / gefast und underschiedlich behalten werden köndt.

5 - Of Displacing 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Of Displacing, a useful concept Chapt. 5 Fencing is based on two prerequisite parts, namely first on the Strikes which you initially put against your opponent, with the other being displacement, which is how you judge and work off of your opponent’s Strikes, and you do not do this weakly. How you accomplish the Strikes and the elements of striving has already been sufficiently clarified, because displacing, or how one properly meets every opposing strike with your weapon and therewith put them away at need so as not to have your body injured, cannot be learned without first learning the Strikes. Because you have now learned the Strikes you can approach the subject of how you displace those Strikes, and come to learn and understand these just as the Strikes have now been heeded and cannot be dismissed, and will be solidified from noting and treating the basics with special care. Be first aware that the parries are twofold, the first is without any particular advantage and is resorted to only for blocking parries from which you cannot do more with your weapon in that you oppose your opponent’s strike to avoid being damaged, but then seek not to damage him, but only to withdraw as you wish without being injured by him.	Vom versetzen ein nützliche vermanung. Cap. 5. Nach dem das Fechten auff zweyen fürnemen stucken beruhet / als nemlich zum ersten auff den Häuwen mit welchen du dein feindt begerst zustillen / dann zum andern auff dem Versetzen / das ist wie du die Häuw so von deinem feindt auff dich gericht möchst abschaffen / krafftloß und die nichtsöllig machen solt. Wie du aber die Häuw volbringen und ins werck richten / ist hievor gnugsam erkleret / dieweil aber ein jeder Hauw so wol zur gegenwehr deins feindts streich / damit abzuschaffen gebraucht wirt / als zur verletzung seins leibs / haben die Häuw ohn mit lehrung der versatzungen nicht können gelehrt werden / derwegen wie du bißher gelehrt die Häuw [XVv] hauwen bistu zugleich auch wie du die Häuw abtragen solt / gelert und underricht worden / dises ob es wol mit den Häuwen wie jetzt gehört / nit kann abgesondert werden / will doch von nöten sein / hie von insonderheit mit underschiedlicher theilung zuhandlen. Merck derwegen anfenglich das des Versetzens zweyerley ist / das erste ist da du ohn allen sondern vortheil / gemeniglich nur aus forcht versetzest / in welchem du nichts anders thust / dann mit deinem Wehr / so du deinem gegenfechter entgegen heltst die streich die von im beschehen aufffahest / auch nit begerest ihn zu beschedigen / allein benüget an dem / wie du ohn schaden von ihm abziehen mögest.
	When you are forced to these parries with force and strong bearing, see that you steady yourself by stepping back, and thus be able to come into the “Before” again with advantage from the parry, to this Liechtenauer did speak. Before displacing guard yourself. Place yourself for advantage. With which he didn’t completely warn against parrying, namely that you should teach only strikes and how to damage, as was told above. When you will succeed from displacing, it does much, thus you should displace stoutly. Thus it is used not only to return strikes, on the other hand it also keeps an eye on preventing his strikes from moving in closely, so that no more fencing can then be built or similarly be attempted without problem.	Wenn du aber zu disem versetzen mit gewalt unnd ubereilen getrungen wurdest / so sihe doch das du dich mit abtritten endtledigest / und mit vortheil zum Vor wider kommen mögest / Von dieser versatzung nun / thut auch Lichtenawer meldung da er spricht. Vor versetzen hüt dich / Geschichts dir not es mühet dich. Mit welchem er das versetzen darumb nit gar will verbieten / nemlich das du nichts anders dann zuhauwen lehren solt / dan wie es dein schad / wie droben gehört / wann du dich auff das versetzen wolltest gewehnen / dieweil es an dem zuvil / so du zu versetzen gedrungen wurdest / Also ist es nicht nutz so du mit streichen uberbolderst / gleichfals auch hingegen unbedacht gleichsam mit zugethanen augen hinwider mit seinen streichen zuglich hinein Hauwen wolltest / welches dann keinem Fechten / sonder vil mehr einem unbesunnenen Bawren getrösch gleichförmig.
	However, to be more useful I will with one stroke put forward Strikes and Displacing here, and only teach you how you will need to displace such strikes, which also need to be shown as two points. First how you will intercept and put away your opponent’s strike, or set it aside in one blow, then second when you meet his advancing weapon and rush in with one blow to his body.	Aber umb mehrer nutz willens / will ichs Hauwen und versetzen so mit einem streich geschicht alhie abtheilen / und dich lehren allein wie du solche Häuw zu versatzung brauchen solt / welches dann auch auff zweierley weiß mag beschehen / Erstlich da du deines gegenparts streich zuvor abtregst / oder mit einem Hauw abweisest / darnach wenn du im die vorwehr genommen / mit einem Hauw seinem leib zueilest.
	The second Art of displacing is when you parry and injure your opponent with one strike, which the ancients undertook with special praise, from which these spoken words grew: a proper fencer parries not, as his opponent strikes so he too strikes, as his opponent steps so he too steps, as his opponent stabs so he too stabs.	[XVIr] Die ander Art zuversetzen ist / da du dein widerpart in einem streich zuglich versetzest und verletzest / welches die alten fürnemlich wie den billich loben / daher das sprichwort erwachsen / ein rechter Fechter versetzet nicht / sonder Hauwet man so Hauwet er auch / trit man so trit er auch / sticht man so sticht er auch.
	Of the first shall you now know, that the Oberhau impairs all other strikes as in the Wrath, Middle or Diagonal, and Under Strike, from above it blocks down below you, from this know when to spring against his strikes, and close to his strikes which he releases with strength so that you then rightly engage, his weapon thus weakened that you then can strike another full to his body before he can rightly take it. As the Oberhau blocks all secondary strikes down from above, so will it drive off all from the Wrath or Diagonal strike, and thus it also takes the Under with strong placing, and be there with help from stepping out with the Oberhau above one’s self.	Von ersten soltu nun wissen / das der Oberhauw alle andere Häuw als den Zorn / Mittel / oder Uberzwerch unnd Underhauw / von Oben undersich dempffet / auff diese weiß wann du ihm auß seinem Hauw springest / und zugleich auff seinen Hauw in dem er herfleucht mit sterck Hauwest / damit du ihm so du anders recht antroffen / sein Wehr dermassen schwechst / das du den andern wol zu seinem leib Hauwen kanst / ehe er sich recht erholet. Wie nun der Oberhauw die andern streich alle von Oben nider dempfft / so würdt er von dem Zorn oder Uberzwerchhauw abgetriben / und nimpt auch der Under so er mit sterck geschicht / unnd dem mit außtretten geholffen wirdt / die Oberhäuw ubersich aus.
	When however two similar strikes come together thus with your orderly stepping, in that you step a little before or after the other, so that it’s placed in an eyeblink, then you bring up your displacement. This displacement is brought on with the principal and direct strikes, the other displacement however is when you closely displace and engage, then hit with the countering strikes, as in the Glance, Slide, Crown and Traverse strikes, and with them then complete, thus have you heard above about clearing every strike.	Wo aber zwen gleicher häuw mit ihren zugeordneten tritten also zusamen geschehen / das ein trit ein wenig vor oder nach dem andern / wie das auch augenblicks geschicht / so bringen sie ihre versatzung mit / diese versatzung aber ist begriffen in den ersten und geraden Häuwen / die ander versatzung aber ist / da du zugleich versetzest und triffst / geschicht mit den verkehrten häuwen als den Schielhauw / Glütz / Kron / unnd Zwirchhauw / wie solches denn volbracht / hastu Oben bey erklerung jeden Hauwes gehört.
	Then such countering strikes are taken onward from there as foundations, so that with close displacement comes hitting. However, because I should not backtrack, but direct you to more understanding and knowledge, I will give an example of displacing with the Zwerchhau.	Dann solche verkehrte Häuw sind fürnemlich darzu erfunden / das damit zugleich versetzt und getroffen wirdt. Aber damit ich nichts hindergehe / so du zu mehrerm verstand und underweisung möchte gerathen / will ich ein Exempel des versetzens mit dem Zwirchhauw geben.
	Place yourself into the Wrathful Guard, if you are then struck from above, then step with the right foot forward against your opponent’s side, and strike with a traverse to that side, short cut a high traverse to close in with it, thus that you take his strike onto the strong of your blade, catching it near your quillons and, with the farther end of your sword, hit his left ear, thus have you thus closely displaced and hit with a second.	[XVIv] Schick dich in die Zornhut / wirt denn auff dich von Oben her gehauwen / so trit mit dem Rechten fuß gegen deines widerparts seiten / und Hauw mit einer Zwirch das sit / kurtzer schneid uberzwerch zu gleich mit hinein / also das du sein Hauw auff die sterck deiner klingen / nahe bey deiner Kreutzstangen auffangest / und mit dem eussern theil deines Schwerdts sein Linck Ohr treffest / so hastu denn zugleich versetzet und getroffen mit einander.
	The other strikes, which still can be hit with further displacement, as in with the Short Strike and feinting etc. will not be reckoned into fencing, especially since only accident or chances will be given that way, and One thus leads one on to provoke, operating wrathfully, and drive from one’s advantage, which often times cannot be done without danger, and so because of this no other displacement will be shown.	Was die andere Häuw mit welchen weder versetzt noch troffen wirt / als da ist der Kurtzhauw und Feler etc. werden eigentlich dem Fechten nit zugerechnet / sonder nur per accidens oder zufelliger weiß zugegeben / den Mann damit zuverfüren anzureitzen / zornig zumachen / und aus seinem vortheil zutreiben / welches denn offtermals nicht ohn gefahr beschicht / kann derwegen damit kein versatzung auch nit beschehen.
	Handwork All in the first part of fencing up until now, both the Stances and Strikes, were sufficiently and properly done, and from thus we come ahead, that you come to your opponent as equals under the sword, and so first push one’s self to strive seriously, so that you drive against him accurately and forcefully into the Middle work such as Misleading, Following After, Changing, Doubling, Hitting After, setting the Prize thus as the goal all Fencers work toward and wish to attain and keep with quick work.	Handtarbeit. NAchdem bißher im ersten stuck des Fechtens / beide von den Legern unnd Häuwen gnugsamer bericht gethan / und die also ferr kommen / das du dem Mann durch dieselben under das Schwerdt kommen / so erhebt sich erst der Rechte ernst und streit / wie du nemlich mit allerley Mittel arbeit als Verführen / Nachreißen / Wechseln / Doplieren / Nachtrucken / ihn dermaßen treibest / engstigest und zwingest / damit du den Preiß so als ein ziel dahin alle Fechter begeren / gesteckt / mit geschwinder arbeyt erreichen unnd erhalten mögest.
	Because it doesn’t start off fully and immediately, where you neither close nor safely attack, then from there on the largest art lies, which is fully grasped here in this chapter of handwork. Since similar things must happen in various ways, on this you’ll have advice in every special word and way, which will be through lessons, and from there through demonstration you shall fully draw clearly and rightly how it is done and understood.	Denn es mit nichten gnug wol und recht haben anfangen / wo du nit gleichfals auch fürsichtiglich nachtruckest / daran dann die gröste kunst gelegen / und alles hie in diesem Capitel der Handtarbeit begriffen. Dieweil aber dasselbig auff mancherley art geschehen muß / deren jeder sein sonderlich wort und art zu reden hat / will von nöten sein / von demselben was sie seyen / wie sie volzogen werden sollen / klerlich bericht zuthun und zuverstendigen.
	And now stands the whole Handwork applied in binding or staying, Travelling After, Cutting, Chopping Down, Walking Around, Misleading, Flowing Off, Putting Away, Displacing, Twitching, Doubling, Overturning, Capturing, Avoiding, Circling, Channeling, Winding, Winding Through, Changing, Changing Through, Cutting Away, Hand Punching, Shooting Ahead, Hanging, Moving Out, Blocking, Adjusting, Grappling, Closing, etc.	[XVIIrv] Und steht zwar die ganze Handtarbeit vornemlich im Binden oder bleiben / Nachreisen / Schneiden / Umbschlagen / Umblauffen / Verfüren / Verfliigen / Absetzen / Versetzen / Zucken / Doplieren / Verkehren / Schnappen / Felen / Zirckeln / Rinden / Winden / Durchwinden / Wechseln / Durchwechseln / Abschneiden / Hendtrucken / Vorschieben / Hengen / Außreissen / Sperren / Verstellen / Übergreiffen / Einlauffen / rc.
	Binding, Staying, Feeling. These are names for when the swords are in contact with each other. Staying is two moded, firstly when the swords stop each other, watch what One wants to fence with then and where you can attack your opponent if you will. Then there is the other with which one sends strikes, when you set yourself as if you sought to recover from a strike, only to slash quickly and come inward again with the short edge, thus back to the Before to strike with the long edge. Now mark the word “feeling” which means so much, as it therewith sends or finds, you will become aware how hard or soft on your sword he is, etc.	Anbinden / Bleiben / Fülen. HEist wann die Schwerdter an einander Rüren / Bleiben ist zweyerley / Erstlich wan die Schwerdter an einander gehalten / zusehen was der Mann will fechten / unnd wo er seinen gegenman anzugreiffen in willens. Darnach zum andern / welches mit streichen geschicht / wenn du dich stellest / als ob du zuckest einen streich zuerholen / und nur schlechts widerumb umbschnelst / und mit kurtzer schneid wider dahinein kompst / dahin du zuvor mit Langer schneid gehauwen. Hie merck das wort fülen welches soviel heist / als brüffen oder empfinden / damit du gewahr werden magst / ob er mit seinem Band hert oder weich an deinem Schwerdt ist / etc.
	Travelling After This is an especially good handwork, and therein the need and will to know will be raised if you want to rise and become a Master at low cost, thus conduct yourself in Travelling After: When your opponent starts to move his sword above or below himself so as to prepare to strike, you rush at his targets and thus preemptively intercept his Strike, which then can be joined against as you come to want or need, with this one fences and sweeps away with your strike. Since you soon require better understanding, I will clarify this to you with an example.	Nachreisen. DIß ist ein sonder gut Handtarbeit / und darin wol geübt und das wol weiß zu brauchen / mag billich ein Meister gelobt werden / und helt sich mit dem Nachreisen also / Wann du (so dein gegenfechter entweders mit seinem Wehr zu hoch uber oder undersich / oder zu weit neben aus Hauwet) ihm zur Blösse nacheilest / unnd also sein Hauw zuvolfüren hinderst / welches denn füglich kann und mag gegen die gebraucht werden / so mit ihren häuwen weit schweiffig umb sich fechten / solches damit du es desto baß verstehen mögest / will ich dirs mit disem Exempel erkleren.
	When one fences against you, take on whatever part his sword takes, if leading first in the right Ox, that is in the high right quarter, thus you shall take off as soon as he changes his sword from there to the other side or off to seek a strike, move similarly and strike after it with cunning, and of course you’ll need to pick a strike and target, against which you close and soon you’ll want your displacement. However if he fences out of the Low Guard, thus mark that as soon as he drives out, (he fences from either left or right side), follow cunningly under his sword from below with the long edge and strike the next opening.	Wann einer gegen dir Fechtet / so nim war in welchem theil er sein Schwerdt führet / fürt ers dann im rechten Ochsen / das ist im rechten Obern quatier / so soltu als bald unnd in dem er sein Schwerdt von dannen auff die ander seiten zu Wechseln abnimpt / oder nur zum streich auffzeucht / daselbs behendiglich und mit list hinein [XVIIIr] / und dich doch solcher häuw und stuck gebrauchen / auß welchn du gleich mit und als bald dein versatzung haben magst / Ficht er aber aus der Underhuten / so merck das du ihm (er Fecht von der Lincken oder Rechten seiten) als bald und in dem er aufffehrt / underhalb seinem Schwerdt listiglich mit der Langschneid nachfolgest / und der nechsten Blöß zu streichest.
	Slicing Is a fundamental element of proper handwork, when you rush from your opponent with quick and agile blows, you can block and impede him better with no other move than with the slice, which you, though you will treasure it in all instances as special as here, will hold in reserve. You must however complete the slices thus: after you entangle your opponent’s sword with the bind, you shall strive thereon, feel if he would withdraw or flow off from the bind, as soon as he flows off, drive against him with the long edge on his arm, thrust the strong or quillons from you in the effort, let fly, and as he himself seeks to retrieve, strike then to the next opening.	Schneiden. ISt under der Handarbeit auch der Rechten kern stuck eines / dann so du von deinem gegenpart mit behenden und geschwinden stucken ubereilet / kanstu ihn mit keinem andern stuck besser stecken und hindern / dann mit dem schnit / welches du dir dann auch in allen stucken als ein sonders hiezu erfunden kleinot / im vorrath behalten solt / Du must aber das Schneiden also volbringen / nach dem du deines widerparts Schwerdt mit dem Band empfangen / soltu daran verharren / zufülen ob er vom Bandt abgehn oder umbschlagen wolt / als bald er umbschlegt / so fahr ihm mit der Langen schneiden auff sein Arm nach / stoß ihn mit der sterck oder schilt im ruck von dir / laß fliegen / und ehe er sich erholen mag / so hauwe der nechsten Blössen zu.
	Slashing Around Is named from hitting around with the sword, when you have bound from your right against his left, from this bind leave off again, strike or rush around to the other side.	Umbschlagen. HEist vom Schwerdt umbschlagen / wann du von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken angebunden / vom selben Bandt wider abgehest / zur andern seiten umbschlegest oder zu schnellest.
	Flowing Off On whichever hand you bind on your opponent’s sword, so move while retrieving your hand, and let yourself flow off below you with the half edge, and twitch under to bring your riccasso high overhead to strike, and drive such to both sides.	Ablauffen. ISt / von welcher Handt du dem Mann an sein Schwerdt bindest / so verkehr in dem es riert dein Hand / und laß mit halber schneid undersich ablauffen / und zuck under des dein Hefft ubersich in die höh zum streich / und solches treib zu beiden seiten.
	Misleading Remember this: when you show your intent, as if you mean to fence to one of your opponent’s openings, absolutely do not do so, but instead slash the strike unto another opening, to which you should come properly without injury, and thus Misleading enables many moves, such as facing with the Glancer Strike, Hacking, Flying, Beckoning, Off Flowing, Twitch, Circle and others. In addition, Misleading is not only performed with the sword, but also by presenting various initial stances, which are not yet more techniques, because techniques are the fencer’s distinction, toward which you direct yourself throughout fencing at every single distinction and habit which then shall be set upon with wrath. This quickly clears hands fenced slowly, thus Misleading likewise requires forms which will be directed in the work.	[XVIIIv] Verführen. HElt sich also / wann du dich mit geberden erzeigest / als ob du deiner gegenpart zu einer Blöß zufechten wollest / thust es aber doch nit / sondern schlechst den streich zu einer andern Blöß hinein / zu der du am füglichsten ohn schaden zukommen vermeinest / und ob aber schon vilerlei stuck so dem verführen zustendig / als der Schillerhauw mit dem gesicht / das Verfelen / Verfliegen / Wincken / Ablauffen /Verzuck / Zirckel und andere / auch dero wegen das Verführen nit allein mit dem Schwerdt / sonder auch mit den geberden mancherley hieraus entstehet / so seind doch dessen nit mehr art / als art und eigenschaft der Fechter seind / denn es richt sich durchaus nach eines jeden eigenschafft unnd gewonheit im Fechten / als da der zornig / einander sitsam / dieser geschwindt und hurtig / jhender langsam fichtet / also auch das Verführen gleicher gestalt gebraucht und in das werck gerichtet wirt.
	Flying Off Withdrawing thus is shown: when you in either pre-fencing or full work strike at your opponent’s opening, but he drives to intercept your strike in the air, do not allow him to put his blade onto your sword, but twitch off the strike with one flight in the air to another opening, which will work very well against this, follow only after your sword and your body will not come to be hurt.	Verfliegen. MUß also geschehen / wann du im zufechten oder voller arbeit deines widerparts Blöß zuhauwest / er aber dein streich in der lufft zu empfangen dir entgegen fehret / das du jn nit lassest mit seiner Klinge an dein Schwerdt rühren / sonder in der lufft solchen streich mit einem flug wider abzuckest / zu einer andern Blöß / welche arbet den gegen disen sehr nützlich / o nur dein Schwerdt nachreisen und nit den leib zu verletzen begirig.
	Setting Aside Now in all Fencing moves, as above were shown, two things are necessary, namely strikes, and strikes which clear or displace with the sword. So mark that this handwork is the proper clearing or displacing, with which you won’t address the strikes badly and not strike onward again, but move at the same time to address his opening during the withdrawal. As you come during pre-fencing into the Changer, and as he strikes to you then from Above, drive upward with the long edge against his strike, and step at the same time with your right foot against his left and offset him, then as soon as he glides, wind the short edge, and rush at him against his head.	Absetzen. DIeweil alle Fechtstuck / wie oben angezeigt / zwey ding erfordern nemlich hauwen / und die häuw mit dem Schwerdt abtragen oder versetzen / so merck das hie diese Handtarbeit das recht abtragen oder versetzen ist / mit welchem du nit allein die streich schlecht empfahest / und nit herwider hauwest / sonder auch zugleich indem der absatz rühret zu seiner Blöß mit außtretten triffest / als kompstu im zufechten in Wechsel / Hauwet er dir als dann [XIXr] von Oben zu / so fahr ubersich mit Langer schneid gegen seinem streich / und trit zugleich mit dem Rechten fuß gegen seiner Lincken unnd setz jhm ab / gleich in dem es dann gliitzt / so verwendt die kurtze schneid / unnd schnell jhm gegen seinem Kopff.
	Slinging Is nothing other than how you let a strike fly in a Sling to your opponent’s head, for this put yourself in the Fool’s guard, and pull your sword back though close to your right, step with your right foot to your opponent while pulling your sword back to you, and sling your strike to his head. This Slinging Strike shall fly out even like a stone is thrown from a sling, whatever more you need note on Slinging you will find described in sections after here.	Schlaudern. ISt nichts anders dann so du einen Hauw in einem Schlauder dem Mann zum Kopff fliegen last / als schicke dich in die Hut des Olbers / und zeihe dein Schwerdt neben deiner Rechten zuruck durch / trit also in dem du dein Schwerdt zurück zeuchst mit deinem Rechten fuß zu jm / unnd Schlauder ihm deinen Hauw zum Kopff / Dieser Schlauderhauw sol eben daher fliegen wie ein stein auß einer Schlaudern geworffen wirdt / was aber sonst mehr von Schlaudern nötig / findestu in stucken hernach beschrieben.
	Twitching Twitching is one very good handwork with which you can masterly mislead your opponent, and which shall be operated thus: After you have bound against your opponent with the long edge or have struck in to an opening, handily twitch over yourself again as if you want to strike to the other side, however don’t drive ahead, but handily execute the strike with the short edge again onto the point, from which you are exited.	Zucken. MIt zucken welches ein sehr gut Handtarbeit ist / kanstu deinen gegenfechter meisterlich verführen / welches du also treiben solt / Nach dem du deinen Mann mit Langer schneiden angebunden oder eingehauwen hast / zu einer Blöß / so zuck behend wider ubersich als ob du auff die andere seiten hauwen wollest / fahr aber nit fort / sonder vollendt den Hauw mit kurtzer schneid behendt wider an den ort / von welchem du abgangen bist.
	Doubling Is a strike or move made double in this wise: Strike first from your right to his ear, as then when the swords glide together, thrust your sword’s pommel through under your right arm, driving at the same time out with both arms, and hit him with the the short edge behind his blade onto his head. This handwork will therefore be called Doubling, because through it a double or twofold strike will be accomplished, first with long and then with short edge.	Doplieren. ISt ein Hauw oder stuck doppel machen auff diese weiß / Hauwe erstlich von deiner Rechten zu seinem Ohr / als dann wann die Schwerdt zusamen glitschen / stoß dein Schwerdts Knopff under deinem Rechten Arm durch / fahr zugleich mit beiden Armen auff / und schlag ihn mit kurtzer schneiden hinder seiner klingen auff sein Kopff. Diese handtarbeit wirt derowegen Doplieren geheissen / dieweil dardurch ein Hauwe dopelt oder zwifacht volbracht wirt / erstlich mit Langer / denn mit halber schneidt.
	Inverting Inverting is: bind onto your opponent’s sword against his left, and just as the pommel moves under your right arm, thrust through, if he at the same time would come at your head in a strike against your right, push your blade or arms from you with crossed hands so as to ward him below you so that he cannot work onward, however make your required space to work.	[XIXv] Verkehren. VErkehren ist / binde deinem widerpart gegen seiner Lincken an sein Schwerdt / unnd stoß in dem es rürt den Knopff under dein rechten Arm durch / entziehe jhm zugleich dein Kopff wol auß dem streich gegen deiner Rechten / truck volgends sein Kling oder Arm mit geschrenckten henden von dir / undersich damit du jhn zwingst das er nit mehr arbeiten kann / machst aber dir blatz nach deinem gefallen zu arbeiten.
	Clipping Clipping is two moded, the first is when you, as just now was told, come at him in a flip his arm or blade, thus stopping his blade or arm with quillons stiff under you, and under this let the blade Clip to his head.	Umbschnappen. UMbschnappen ist zweyerley / das eine / wann du wie jetzt bemelt jhm mit verkeren auff sein Arm oder Klingen kommen / so halt jm sein Klingen oder Arm / mit kreutzstangen steiff under dir / unnd laß under des die klingen umbschnappen seinem Kopff zu.
	However, the other is where he closes to you with a Loop under him, retreat with the left foot towards his right, and at the same time reach over his right arm with the pommel above, pull back under yourself, and let the sword edge come under his blade to clip against his head, such that your hands come to cross over each other.	Das ander / so er aber dich mit verkeren undersich getrungen hat / so weich jhm mit dem Lincken fuß gegen seiner Rechten / und greiff zugleich mit dem Knopff oben uber sein rechten Arm / ruck den undersich / und laß under seiner Klingen mit kurtzer schneid gegen seinem Kopff herfür umbschnappen / das dir dein hendt kreutzweiß uber einander kommen.
	Feinting Feinting can be wanted each time, however it will be useful and resorted to properly and in the suitable time which only the advancing fencer knows, thereby you will effect a false strike with advantage, that you seek to attain another from there, and take it soon. When you strike at one opening, and your opponent would displace you, don’t pull the strike but let it flow off nicely, and strike to another opening, as in this example. In advancing come into the right Wrath, and as soon as you can reach him, step and strike at the left ear unto his sword, however in the strike, even and then pull it, thus lift the pommel and let the blade miss and flow off near his left, and twitch over the head, as to then strike him on the other side, out over his right arm to his head.	Fehlen. FEhlen kann ein jeder wol / aber solches mit fug und zu gelegner zeit nützlich zugebrauchen / weis allein ein wolgeübter Fechter / Derowegen wiltu mit vortheil ein Fehlstreich thun / das du ein andern daraus erholen mögest / son nim war. Wann du zu einer Blöß einhauwest / und dir dein widerpart versetzen will / das du den Hauw nit rüren sonder ablauffen last / und hauwest zu einer andern Blös zu / als zu einem exempel. Im zugang komm in rechten Zorn / und als bald du jhn kanst erlangen / so trit und hauwe dem lincken Ohr zu biß an sein Schwerdt / in dem Hauw aber / ehe und denn es rüret / so erhebe den Knopff und laß die kling neben seiner Lincken fehl ablauffen / und zuck umb den kopff / als dann hauwe jm zur andern seiten / aussen uber sein rechten Arm zu seinem Kopff.
	Circle When you stand in the bind before your opponent, and both you and he drive the swords foreward in the air overhead, but neither will give away an opening to the other, then the Circle is an especially good work model at need which you will execute thus: Strike with the half edge and crossed hands from above toward his right side forward through above, so that both your hands stay overhead, but in striking cross your right hand boldly over your left, thereby you will want to reach or graze his right ear with the half edge, the sword thus clips him with your arms under yourself, then step with the right foot to take on his right side or to bring yourself back, and strike a direct splitting strike to his head.	[XXrv] Zirckel. WAnn du im Bandt vor dem Mann stehest / unnd beide du und er die Schwerdter uber dem Kopff in den lüfften führen / aber keiner vor dem andern sich Bloß will geben / so ist der Zirckel ein ausbündige sonder gute arbeit zu gebrauchen / welchen soltu also machen / Hauwe mit halber schneid und geschrenckten henden von Oben / neben seiner Rechten seiten für uber durch / das dein beide hendt ob dem Haubt bleiben / im Hauwen aber schrenck dein Rechte hand dapffer uber dein Linkce / damit du jhm das Recht ohr wol mögest mit halber schneid erlangen oder schürpffen / wischt er als dann mit den Armen undersich dem Schwerdt nach / so trit mit dem Rechten fuß wol beseits auff sein Rechte seiten oder hindersich zu ruck / und hauwe ein geraden Scheitelhauw zu seinem kopff.
	Rounds The rounds are two things, Single and Double. The single round is when you twitch off your sword from your opponent’s blade or opening in a swing overhead, and let fly over in the air so that you make a round circle. The double round is this: when you so twitch strongly off from his sword, that it goes over your head two times in full swing overhead, one time to each side, thus both single and double rounds are very serviceable also to Leading On, such that you will see and drive farther onward.	Rinde. DEr Rinde seind zweyerley / Einfach und Doppelt / Einfache Rinde ist / wann du dein Schwerdt von deines gegenparts klingen oder Blöß in einem schwung uber dein Kopff abzuckest / und in der lufft last umbfliegen / also das du ein runden Zirckel machest. Doppel Rinde ist diese / wann du also starck von seinem Schwerdt abzuckest / das es zweymal in vollem schwung uber deinem Haubt umblaufft / zu jeder seiten einmal / welche Rind beide Einfach unnd Doppel sehr dienstlich auch zum verführen seind / wie du solches in den stucken weitleuffiger sehen und erfahren wirst.
	Winding The word Winding is known in good German as Twisting, whose work shall be done thus: when you have bound onto your opponent’s sword from your right against his left, then hold fast in the bind and wind the far part of your blade inward against his head, and then again out. So that you will be told how to always stay stiff onto his sword in the bind, such will be shown in this example.	Winden. DAs wörtlein Winden heißt auff gut Teutsch Wenden / welche arbeit soll also gemacht werden / wann du von deiner Rechten an deines widerparts Schwerdt gegen seiner Lincken hast angebunden / so bleib am Bandt fest / und wende jhm das vordertheil deiner klingen einwerdts gegen seinem Kopff / unnd wider heraus / doch das [XXIr] du alweg under des wie bemelt / steiff an seinem Schwerdt mit dem Bandt bleibest / wie solches hie in disem Exempel zusehen.
	Strike once from the Roof, thus binding from your right with a hard traverse onto his sword, and just as it connects, thrust your pommel through under your right arm, and wind the short edge thus in a rush inward against his head, in this all but stay with the edge hard against his sword, if he would beware of the rush and displace, or if you feel that he will fall down to your openings from above, then pull the pommel from under your arm again to your left above you, and hit him again with the short edge through the traverse to his left ear.	Hauwet einer von dach auff dich / so bindt von deiner Rechten mit einem Zwirch an sein Schwerdt / unnd in dem es glitscht / so stoß dein Knopff under deinem rechten arm durch / unnd wend also die kurtze schneidt in einem schnall einwerts gegen seinem Kopff / in disem allem aber bleib mit dem schnit hart an seinem Schwerdt / wirt er des schnals gewahr und versetzt / oder wirstu fülen das er dir von Oben vom Schwerdt will niderfallen zu der blöß so ruck den Knopff under deinem Arm wider herfür gegen deiner Lincken ubersich / unnd schlag jhm wider mit kurtzer schneiden durch die Zwirch zu seinem Lincken ohr.
	Winding Through If you bind with a Traverse Strike, as was described before here, wind the short edge inward against your opponent’s head, then step through under it with the right foot between you and him, against your opponent’s right side, and wind through at the same time with your hilt under your blade from your left side, and drive him with your pommel winding out over your right arm, step back with the right foot, and travel at the same time from your right side out under him, and slash in with the long edge to the head, thus have you not only wound through, but also wrenched over with the pommel.	Durchwinden. SO du mit einem Zwirchhauw angebunden / und wie hievor bemelt / die kurtze schneid gegen deines widerparts Kopff einwerts gewunden / so trit under des mit dem rechten Fuß zwischen dir unnd jhm durch / gegen des Manns Rechten seiten / und wende zugleich mit deinem Hefft under seiner klingen auff dein Lincke seiten durch / und fahr jhm mit deinem Knopff außwendig uber sein rechten Arm / trit mit dem rechten Fuß zu ruck / unnd reiß zugleich auff dein Rechte seiten undersich aus / und schlag jn damit mit Langer schneid auff den Kopff / also hastu nit allein durchgewendt / sonder mit dem Knopff ubergreiffen.
	Changes A skilled fencer will have Changes, so then be skilled at such and only Change at the right time, and only when you need, and not give away your openings without cause. However he who will be experienced in fencing will need the knowledge of Changes, for is it an artful work and belongs to fencing with all this, that while it only works against the sword and not against the body, the Changes are many. Change in opening from one side to the other, change before the attack from one stance to another. Remember in the attacks to change through against the strikes, thus in the pre-fencing strike from your right a direct Wrath or High strike against your opponent’s left side, strike him against the sword and not to his body, thus let the point flit under his sword with crossed hands with the strike, step and strike in to the other high target, see however that you carefully ensure that he does not attack or set upon you by following after, to this in the beginning come into the Long Point, and stretch likewise long from you, if he strikes at your sword, and will hit out or wind, then let the point drop under yourself through sinking, and work him to the other side, if he swipes after and will displace, then change through again, bite onward again to another opening or work to stand yet rightly, then after you can strike.	Wechseln. WEchseln will ein geübten Fechter haben / denn welcher ongeübt unnd nit zu rechter zeit Wechselt / der saumet sich nur / und gibt sich ohn ursach blos / wer aber im Fechten erfahren / und sich des Wechseln weiß zugebrauchen / dm ist es ein künstliche arbeit / und gehört gegen diese zu Fechten / die nur nach dem Schwerdt und nit nach dem leib arbeiten / Das Wechseln aber ist mancherley / Wechseln im zugang von einer seiten zur andern / Wechseln vor dem angriff von einem Leger in das ander / Item im angreiffen gegen den Hauwe durchwechseln / also im zufechten Hauw von deiner Rechten einen geraden Zorn oder Oberhauw / gegen deines widerparts Lincke sei[XXIv]ten / Hauwet er gegen dem Schwerdt und nit zum leib / so laß den ort sampt dem Hauw mit geschrenckten henden unden durch wischen / trit und hauw zur andern Ober Blöß lang hinein / sihe aber das du fürsichtig seiest / das er dich im Nachreisen nit erhasche oder dir ansetze / gleichfals im zugang komme in das Lang ort / und streck dasselbig lang von dir / Hauwet er gegen deinem Schwerdt / und will ausschlagen oder Winden / so laß den ort undersich durch sincken / und arbeit jhm zur andern seiten / wischt er jhm nach und will versetzen / so Wechsel wider durch / biß dir entweders ein Blös wirt oder dir sonst fügliche arbeit zuschlehet / darnach du hauwen könnest.
	Slicing Off Slicing Off shall you drive thus: hold the sword with outstretched arms long from you, or sink into the Fool’s guard, strike your opponent then with a long strike from you, and thus slice away from you to both sides with the long edge, so as long as you keep your advantage, that you onward will come to work properly at need.	Abschneiden. ABschneiden soltu also treiben / halt das Schwerdt mit ausgestreckten Armen lang von dir / oder sencke dich in die Hut des Olbers / hauwet dann dein gegenmann mit langen Häuwen auff dich / so schneid dieselben mit Langer schneid von dir ab zu beiden seiten / so lang und vil biß du dein vortheil ersihest / das du zu anderer / dir mehr füglicher arbeit kommen mögest.
	In Slicing Off travelling after is also advantageous when done together with the slice, thus concerning this Liechtenauer spoke in a quote. Slice off the hardened / driven from both. That is cut the hard strike off from you from both sides. Apart than this, Slicing Off will be described more only after here in examples and other defenses.	In disem Abschneiden ist das Nachreisen auch fein heimlich sampt dem Schnidt begriffen / darumb jhn den auch der Lichtenawer in einem Spruch verfasset da er spricht. Schneidt ab die herten / on beiden geferten. Das ist schneid die harten streich von dir ab von beiden seiten / aber von disem Abschneiden wirt hernach in den Exempeln / und andern Wehren mehr geschrieben.
	Hand Hitting Hand Hitting is almost the same as the Slice to the arm, of which is told above, and not otherwise shown, how to be done with the Over and Under cuts, unless you run one through with oafish hitting, so drive him under his strike with the Crown or other high displacement, or go under yourself by hanging, and catch his sword on your blade’s flat, and thus you come under his sword, yet pay attention when when he with his strike goes off from your defense again over you, that you follow after him with the strong of your sword, and take him with the hilt from below to drive the strong, that you trap him with both the strong and your blade, thrust at him with the hilt above you, and strike long against the opening.	Hendtrucken. HEndtrucken vergleicht sich fast mit dem Schneiden auff die Arm / von welchen doben ist meldung gethan / sintemal nit anderst geschicht / denn mit dem Ober und Underschnidt / Als uberlaufft dich einer mit Büffelschlegen / so underfahr jhm seine streich mit der Kron / oder sonst hoher versatzung / oder undergehe jhn mit verhengen / und fang jhm sein Schwerdt auff deiner klingen fleche / und so du jhm under sein Schwerdt kommen / so hab acht [XXIIr] wenn er mit seinem streich von deiner Wehr wider ubersich abgeht / das du ihm mit der sterck deines Schwerdts nach volgest / und fallest ihm mit dem Schild von Unden für die feust / das du sie ihm beide mit der sterck deiner Klingen fassest / stoß ihn mit dem Schild ubersich von dir / und Hauwe lang nach der Blösse.
	Deflecting When you stand in the right wrath, and you will be struck at, let the blade hang behind you, and send your hanging blade over your head and under his blade, that you catch his strike on your flat, and your thumbs stand broad across your hilt under you, to then wind or otherwise further work as you want, whatever you can best take onward.	Verschieben. WAnn du im rechten Zorn stehest / und auff dich gehauwen wirt / so laß die Kling hinder dir hangen / und schich mit hangender Kling also uber dein Haupt under seine Kling / das du sein streich auff deine fleche empfangest / und dein Daumen den breiten weg auff deinem Schilt undersich stehe / als dan magstu Winden oder sonst fügliche arbeit / wie dichs am besten dunckt fürnemen.
	Hanging From the preceeding, Hanging is to be understood clearly, this you do thusly: When you stand in the Plough and your opponent strikes to you, drive your grip above you so that the blade hangs somewhat toward the ground, and take his strike thus on your blade’s flat, to then work with Winding to the next opening.	Hengen. HEngen ist auß dem vorigen klar zuverstehen / das mach also / Wan du im Pflug stehest / und dein widerpart auff dich Hauwet / so fahr mit deinem gefeß ubersich das die Kling etwas gegen der erden hang / unnd empfach damit seinen streich auff deiner Klingen fleche / als denn arbeite mit Winden / der nechste Blösse zu.
	Wrenching Out If you bind once from your right, overturn your sword in the bind, and pull out to your left side, so that you both stand close together in the meeting, thus endevour that you can come at him with the pommel from below and wrench over yourself, or you rush him from Above to grapple over the arm with the pommel, or to whatever way the winding wants to happen, then wrench out underneath, that you thereafter come farther to hear more.	Außreissen. BIndestu einem von deiner Rechten / so verkehr im Bandt dein Schwerdt / un reiß gegen deiner Lincken seiten auß / deßgleichen so ihr beide nahe bey samen im Bundt stehet / so befleißdich das du ihm mit dem Knopff von unden zwischen die Arm kom~en köñest / und ubersich außreissen / oder hettestu ihm von Oben mit dem Knopff uber die Arm griffen / oder auff was weg das mag geschehen gewunden / so reiß undersich auß / wie du denn hernach weiter im stuck hören wirst.
	Blocking Mark when one stands before you in the Changer or Fool’s guard, and cunningly drop with long edge upon his blade, and just as he glides or pulls, cross over your hands, and block him so that he can’t come out, or when he strikes in front of you, drop with crossed hands onto the blade and block him.	[XXIIv] Sperren. MErck wann einer im Wechsel oder Hut des Olbers für dir stehet / so fall ihm listiglich mit Langen schneid auff sein Kling / unnd in dem es glütscht oder rührt / so verschrenck die Hendt / unnd sperr ihn also das er nit außkommen mag / oder wann er vor dir auff streicht / so fall ihm mit geschrenckten Henden auff die Klingen und sperr ihn.
	Forestalling Forestalling shall be driven thus: if one comes working unto you with all sorts of actions against the four targets, and strives then to move overhead, drop a cut onto his arm or his sword and let him not come further, especially not where he wants to, thus follow after him with the cut hard on his arm, and forestall thus his advance that he can’t work on, and as soon as you see your opportunity, thrust out with your edge and let fly to the next opening.	Verstüllen. DAs verstüllen soltu also treiben / kompt dir einer für der mit allerley arbeyt zu den Vier Blössen behendt arbeitet / und geschwindt solches uber dem Haupt machen will / so fall ihm mit dem schnit auff die Arm oder sein Schwerdt / und laß in nit wider abkommen / sondern wo er hin will / so volg im mit dem Schnit auff seinem Arm hart nach / und verstill im also sein lauff das er nit arbeiten mög / als bald du den dein gelegenheit ersehen / so stoß in mit dem Schnit von dir / und laß zur nechsten Blöß einfliegen.
	Overgripping Overgripping is thus: Strike from your right to his upper left opening, however in the strike grip with the fingers out over the cross or hilt while holding the thumb on the haft, then with the left hand raise the pommel and slash in with hanging blade over or behind his displacement to the head.	Ubergreiffen. UBergreiffen ist also / Hauw von deiner Rechten zu seiner Obern Lincken Blöß / im Hauw aber greiff mit den Fingern uber das kreuz oder Schilt herauß / jedoch so behalt den Daumen an dem Hefft / unod? mit der Lincken Handt erheb den Knopff / und schlag in mit hangeter Klingen uber oder hinder seiner versatzung auff den Kopff.
	Charging In Charging In is nothing other than a charge in under your sword, that both swords come together, beyond this belong grappling and throwing, so that you from here on will attain understanding, will I retain all until now, and now move on to the third section of my list.	Einlauffen. EInlauffen ist nichts anders denn einem under sein Schwerdt einlauffen / das beide Schwerdt zusamen rühren / Was ferner das Ringen und Werffen belangt / dieweil sich in stucken daß schicket davon verstendig zuhandlen / wil ichs auch biß dahin sparen / unnd jetzt zum dritten theil meines Zedels schreiten.
	What the dear reader heard only up until now, on knowing how to engage your opponent with the strikes, moving also through the middle where you will want to come further in the handwork without damage, is meanwhile however not enough without the third, which will be making a good withdrawal. Thus I will give you proper and clear direction in Withdrawing in the following chapter.	[XXIIIr] Bißher hastu dun günstiger liber Leser nit allein gehört / auff was weis du mit den Häuwen deinen gegenpart angreiffen / sonder auch durch was mittel du im ferner in der Handtarbeit ohn dein schaden zuckommen mögest / Dieweil aber solches nit genug wo nit zum dritten ein guter abzug gemacht wirt / will ich dir in volgenden Capitel von dem abzichen rechte und klare anleitung geben.

6 - Of the Withdrawal 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Of the Withdrawal Chapt. 6 If, as has been said, one has started, and in nearly half the efforts is rebuffed in every action, thus indeed making all the same all a bad end, thus come back to the before and do it well, not to execute and downfall, and observe how daily, that now with this you shall not be opposed in fencing, that afterwards you will go on grasping this and have safety after hitting, with honour’s first test at last, which one would then overcome, thus I with this will show and clarify how the withdrawal shall be done.	Von dem Abzug. Cap. 6. OB schon wie man sagt / wol haben angfangen / einen fast der halbe mühe in allen dingen entlediget / so mag doch gleichwol ein böses endt alles / so zuvor wol unnd gut gemacht / zü nicht machen und verderben / wie den teglich zusehen / dises nun damit es nit auch dir im Fechten begegnet / das du nach dem du wol angriffen unnd sicher nach getruckt hast / mit schanden auff die letz erst bestehst / welcher dann wol zuverhüten / will ich dir alhie wie der Abzug soll beschehen / eigentlich erkleren.
	This then will be heeded in particular, that after every attack always know the three wisdoms of withdrawing, either at first before your opponent, or at the last after him, or even at the same time with him. If you would withdraw before him then exert yourself, that you drive out before you with the most wary moves, that he must shoot to drive high, just as he would then see what you would employ in front, strike through at the same time as the withdrawing stroke, and drive on away as you will then first be wary.	Da dann sonderlich wol zumercken / das du nach einem jeglichen gefochtenen sinck auff diese drey weis immer müst abziehen / entweders zu ersten vordem gegenman / oder zu letzt nach im / oder anch zugleich mit ihm. Wiltu vor ihm Abziehen so befleiß dich / das du ihn zuvor mit stucken der massen engstigest uñ aufftreibest / das er müß in die höch zur beschützung fahren / in dem er dann wil ersehen was du ferner arbeiten wollest / so streich als bald mit dem abzug Hauw durch / und fahr hin weg ehe und dann ers gewahr wirt.
	If you would withdraw after him, mark that this will be seen as two different concepts, firstly when you wait for your Opponent’s withdrawal, thus when he strikes away, that you cunningly follow after his withdrawal above his blade. The second is when you stall with faking, as if you would withdraw before him, however handle your strike artfully indeed and guardingly behind, thereby when he rushes against you, you strike a false strike to him and decline, so that you cover your weapon against him and can strike to an opening. However, when you want to withdraw at the same time as him, then place yourself that you can cover his blade by stepping out and away from the strike, and when he strikes away on his right, you will be on his left, where however he strikes from his left, you step out at his right, and at the same time as him, strike in.	Woellestu aber nach ihm Abziehen / so merck das diß auff zweyerley weiß mag beschehen / erstlich wan du wartest auff des Mans abzug / also wann er abhauwet / das du im listiglich ober[XXIIIv]halb seiner Klingen mit deinem Abzug nachreisest. Zum andern wann du dich stellest mit geberden / als wöllestu vor ihm Abziehen / verhelst aber doch dein Hauw künstlich und verborgenlich zü ruck / damit wenn er dir nach eilet du ihn lassest fehlhauwen und verfallen / auff das du oberhalb seiner Wehr nach ihm zur Blöß Hauwen mögest. So du aber zugleich mit im Abzuziehen willens / so schick dich das du mit außtretten alweg mit dem Hauw oberhalb seiner Klingen seyest / unnd wann er von seiner Rechten abhauwet / du wol auff sein Lincke / wo er aber auff sein Lincke Hauwet / du auff sein Rechte außtrettest / unnd zugleich mit ihm einhauwest.
	While you will bring all this with you, in this section you will be instructed on his point, such that enough can and will be retained.	Weil aber alle stuck solches mit sich bringen / wirstu an seinem ort so von stucken gehandelt / solches gnügsam wol können vernemmen.

7 - A Lesson in Stepping 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	A Lesson in Stepping Chapt. 7 Here a wisdom is now particularly needed, one not yet practiced in fencing, thus I will report on stepping and onward show that nothing is relied on as much as one step and, if one already is upon that reliance, that such a one marks what is said if he would learn well, in that as this is relied on so much, so it will be gained by experience as all artful fencing is to be gained. Where the proper steps are not used, the ancient Fencer commented and covered this as stated in his twelth rule: He who steps after striking deserves less joy in his art. That is that every strike must have its own step which shall occur at the same time as the strike, if you would do otherwise with the elements which you resort to, then step too early or too late, thus it happens around your play, and you thus bring yourself around your strike, thus learn to make the steps right so that your opponent cannot work as he really wants, bringing on a stop, particularly so that you upset his grounding or place as it were. In attacking now let yourself mark this, and position yourself as if you would make large and far steps, but actually stay closer with your feet correct, and attack him. So much is then built on from here. Since all of this must be learned and used in fencing, this must be known.	Ein Ermanung von den Tritten. Cap. 7. ES möchte hie einen wunder nemen unnd sonderlich den / der des Fechtens unerfahren / das ich von den Triten bericht thue / und vermeinen das daran nit vil gelegen wie einer trete unnd ob schon was daran gelegen / das solches einen der Marckt wie man sagt / wol wurde lehren / aber hieran ist so vil gelegen / das wie es denn die erfahrung gibt / alles Fechten vergebens wie künstlich es geschehe / wo nit die Trit recht darzü gebraucht werden / daher denn auch die alten Fechter so diß alles wol erwegen unnd erfahren / in ihrer zwölfften Regel setzen. Wer Trit erst nach den Häuwen / Darff sich seiner kunst wenig frewen. Derwegen ein jeder streich sein eigen Trit muß haben / welcher zugleich mit dem streich soll ge[XXIIIIr]schehen / wiltu anderst etwas mit deinen stucken welcher du dich gebrauchest außrichten / den Trittestu zu frü oder zu spat / so ist es umb dein stuck geschehen / unnd bringest dich also selbst umb deine Häuw / darumb so lerne du die Trit recht machen / damit deinem gegenfechter sein stuck nit wie er gern wolt / könne von stat bringen / sonder das du ihm das Erdrich? oder platz gleich sam abstelest. Im angreiffen nun laß dich also mercken / unnd stelle dich als woltestu grosse un weite tritt thun / so du doch in der warheit mit den Füssen nahet bleibest / hergegen aber wan er vermeinet du wollest gemach zu ihm tretten / so sey du geschwindt an ihm mit weiten tritten / und greiff ihn an / den es ist hier an sovil gelegen / das auch alle die so Fechten gelernt und dasselbig gebraucht / solches müssen bekennen.
	The steps are done in three different ways, firstly backward and forward, what these are can’t be clarified much as one namely steps to or from someone. The other ones are the steps to the sides which are delineated through a triangle, namely thus: Stand in a straight line with your right foot before your opponent, and with the left behind the right step toward his left, this is the first. The second which is done double you do thus: Step as before with the right foot against his left, then follow with the left behind the right somewhat to the side to his left, and then again with the right farther to his left. The third type is the broken or stolen steps, these are accomplished thus, stand yourself as if you would step forward with your right foot, but as and when you go low, then step back with it behind the other foot. Since these are the same as described in Rapier, I will thus leave it for now.	Der Trit aber seind drey fürneme underscheidt / Erstlich hindersich und fürsich / was diese sein darff nit vil erklerens / wann nemlich einer zu oder vom Mann trit. Zum andern seind auch trit auff die seiten / welche werden durch den Triangel abgetheilt / memlich also. Stehe auff gerater Lini mit dem rechten Fuß vor dem gegenman / und trit mit dem Lincken hinder deim Rechten / gegen seiner Lincken / und diser ist der Einfach. Der ander so doppelt gemacht helt sich also / Trit wie vor mit dem rechten Fuß gegen seiner Lincken / folg denn mit dem Lincken hinder dem Rechten gegen seiner lincken etwas zur seiten / unnd dann zum dritten mit dem Rechten wider seiner Lincken zu. Zum dritte seind die gebrochne oder verstolene Tritt / die werden also volbracht / stell dich als woltestu mit dem einen Füß vortretten / ehe und den du in aber nider setzest / so trit wider mit im hindersich zuruck hinder den andern Fuß / Diese dieweil sie eigentlich in das Rappier gehören / so will ichs daselbest hin sparen.

8 - Of Before, After, During, and Indes 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Of Before, After, During, and Just As Chapt. 8. Up until now the proper Leading parts of all Fencing with the Sword, how many they were, how you named them, and how they shall be made and accomplished were actually clarified in good order, that from them now you can drive from your place as it were, and bring these elements into play.	[XXIIIIv] Vom Vor / Nach / Gleich und Indeß. Cap. 8. NAch dem bißher die rechte Hauptstuck des gantzen Fechtens im Schwerdt / wie vil jr seind / wie sie geheissen / gemacht und volbracht sollen werden / eigentlich in guter ordnung erklert / so were nun an dem das du gleichsam auff den platz gefürt / solche stückle ins werck zubringen.
	Meanwhile however your opponent has observed this as well, so be prepared, that you too can oppose all such, that is from noting how you know first with what opportunities you can approach him, then evaluate the opportunity and use it appropriately in the fight, which you practice daily, but at all times know that no element will ever be as good as intended, which is to be useful in the fight, if it is off track and not to proper time.	Dieweil aber dein gegenpart gleichfals disen bericht haben mag / den du gefasser / unnd dir solches alles auch kann begegnen / so ist von nöten das du zuvor wissest mit was gelegenheit du jme zukommen mögest / Dann wie vil an der gelegenheit / unnd sonderlich im Fechten gelegen / bezeigt die tägliche erfahrung / sintemal kein stuck es sey wie gut es jimmer wolle / wol mag nützlich gefochten werden / wo es nit angewendet wirt zu gelgner zeit.
	Thus because of this pay attention in all three parts to all things, namely in pre-fencing or the onset, in the middle or handwork, and following thereafter in withdrawing, to the Before, During, After, and Just As, which if not heeded will be of no help in fencing.	So hab nun derwegen acht in allen dreyen theilen eines jeden stucks / nemlich im zufechten oder angreiffen / im mittel oder handtarbeit / und hernach volgendt im abziehen auff das Vor / Gleich / Nach / und Indes / welcher brauch dir nit ein geringer behilff im Fechten sein wirt.
	The Before is so named as you attack the opponent with your strikes first and then drive forward that he cannot come to his intended target, so you must displace with care, as he wants to shoot before you do.	Das Vor wirt genenet so du den Mann mit deinem Hauwen am ersten angriffen / und ferner dahin treibest das er zu seinem fürnemen oder stuck nicht kommen kann / sonder mit versetzen sich engsten muß / damit er sich vor dir beschützen möge.
	The During is when both you and your opponent bring forth your strikes at the same time, which is also a part of the expression “Just As”.	Das Gleich ist / wenn beide du und dein gegenpart eines sins zugleich mit einander ewer häw volbringet / welches auch im wort Indes verfast ist.
	The After is, however, when you withdraw from your opponent as was outlined above, where you cannot accomplish your objective, in that between Before and After a stand off changes and ends, so that soon your opponent and soon again you, become the same. Whichever is in the After, that is striving so that he always must displace, shall think of the words “Just As”, and thereon not forget, that through them the Before will again be achieved, that he then can withdraw without damage, however he who does not pay attention to this, if he too soon undertakes to strive to you, will indeed never learn to fence well.	Das Nach aber ist / wenn du von deinem gegenman wie oben angezeigt ubereilet würst / das du dein fürnemen nicht magst volbringen / ist also zwischen dem Vor unnd Nach ein stetes ab[XXVr]wechseln und verenderung / den jetzo bald dein gegenpart / bald wider du / dasselbig bekommest. Welcher aber das Nach hat / das ist / dahin getrungen / das er jmmer versetzen muß / sol des worts Indes wol eingedenck sein / und dessen nicht vergessen / dann dardurch muß er das Vor wider ereilen / will er anderst ohn schaden abziehen / wer aber darauff achtung nicht gibt / ob er sich schon hefftig brauchet / wirt er doch nimmer etwas guts lernen Fechten.
	Just As The expression “Just As” has much meaning in that its origin is from the latin word “Intus” and is taken into fencing as such, which is applied in the Winding and similar work, however that this seem not only thus, you must hear what follows. Indes.	Indes Das wort Indes haben vil verstanden sam het es sein ursprung von dem Latinischen wörtlein Intus / und begreiffe das inwendig Fechten in sich / welches aus den Winden und dergleichen arbeit herkompt / aber das diß nit also sey / würstu folgends hören.
	The expression “Intus” and what it means I will let remain Latin, however the expression “Indes” (Just As) is a good German expression and has in itself an important meaning to handy application, that one always and quickly take care, as in when you at first slash to the left, to then at the same time observe the opening to the right, then thirdly on to make sure that you attain the observed opening, where or with what actions you want to come unto it, that you don’t then make openings for your opponent and take damage. Thus retain the meaning of “Just As” so that you observe sharply, which can be much observing and undertaking, also seek to learn faking to your opponent sufficiently, since he needs to have senses in his part, and similarly what Openings you will bring, and where you will be open. Then in all these things to which the expression “Just As” has meaning, stands the whole art of fencing (as Liechtenauer said) and where you don’t undertake such to carefully and securely drive all strikes, will you advance lightly to your damage, as then all fencers will observe, which one thus overpowers and (as one said) tops out and nullifies as wanted.	Das wörtlein Intus was es bedeutet laß ich den Latinis bleiben / aber das wörtlein Indes ist ein gut Teutsch wörtlein / un hat in sich ein ernstliche vermanung zu behender bedechtlichkeit / das einer alweg und geschwindt besonnen sey / als wan du erstlich in dem du zur Lincken schlechst / zum andern auch zugleich mit zur Rechten die Blös sehest / Denn zum dreitten ebenso wol warnemest so du der ersehenen Blöß zueiles / wo oder mit was stucken man dir zukommen möge / auff das du dich nicht an deines widerparts Blösse vergreiffest / und des schaden nemest. Also ermanet dich das wörtlein Indes / das du ein scharpff gesicht habest / welches zumal vil ersehen und warnemen / auch an deines gegenmans geberde gnugsam erlernen mögest / was für stuck er zu gebrauchen im sinn habe / und was dieselbige für Blösse mit sich bringen / und wo sie sich eröffnen werden. Dann in disen dingen allen welcher dich das wörtlein Indes ermanet / stehetalle kunst des Fechten (wie Lichtenawer sagt) unnd wo du solches nit warnimst / bedacht und fürsichtig alle Häuw führest / wirst leichtlich zu deinem schaden anlauffen / wie dann an allen Fechteren zusehen / welche einen also uberpolderen und (wie man sagt) oben aus und nirgent an wollen.

9 - A Guide to the [Previous] Elements 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	A Guide to the Elements, how you can and shall be successful from the elements previously clarified. Chapt. 9 While up till now all these cited and clarified elements are actually nothing other than a start and elementary part of all Fencing with swords and shall be taken as such, then note how and when I sieze various elements from here before showing with what ease these shall be undertaken. Now you must retain all writings in your thoughts and memory, also know thoroughly what each and every art and distinction is, thus you will come to write a fully correct word, that from here on serviceable and heeded letters will flow orderly one to another from the quill. Thus shall you also retain the previously clarified elements, and that way you realise as often as you come to fence with someone, you will fail with anything other than this, thus success will come from taking note. However, just like every letter cannot be applied to each and every word, thus it is also impossible to undertake all the previously cited elements in every engagement.	[XXVv] Anleitung auf die stuck / wie sie können und sollen aus den bißher erklehrten stücken gemacht werden. Cap. 9 WEil diese bißher erzelte und erklerte stuck eigentlich nichts anders seind / denn ein anfang und Elemental daraus alle Fechtstuck des Schwerdts können genommen werden / so ist von nöten das ehe und denn ich etliche stuck hierauß ziehe / zuvor anzeig auff was weiß dis sol beschehen / Wie du denn nun alle Buchstaben wol must in dein gedechtnis und Memorj fassen / auch was eines jeden art und eigenschafft ist gründtlich wissen / so du ein recht wort wilt gantz schreiben / damit dir ddiesehierzu dienstlich und gehörige Buchstaben ordenlich nach einander in die feder fliessen. Also soltu auch die bißher erklerte stuck wol fassen / und dir dermassen einbilden / das so offt du mit einem zu Fechten kommest / dir als dann diese fürfallen / so dazumal von nöhten sein werden. Weil aber zu einem oder jeglichen wort nit alle Buchstaben können gebraucht werden / so ist auch unmöglich alle nun erzelte stuck zumal fürnemen wollen in jeglichem stuck.
	Therefore you shall pay attention, as the situation requires, to how your opponent poses against you, and also observe the person, if they are quick or slow, large or small, and then know how to apply your work to him and how to oppose him. Just as every full fight, as was indicated above, is divided into three parts, namely the Pre-Fencing, the Middle, and the Withdrawal, these three parts are clarified in due order, and what is advised in every undertaking, thus in the beginning your first need is various strikes through the stances, with which you will best engage and overtake your opponent as intended, and in the first phase when you engage and close to him, or maybe come to be under his sword, then forward you must have still more moves with which to bring the part to its conclusion, which you then learn from the second section of this book, namely the Handwork, that you force ahead to all four openings, and he then cannot come to do damaging work to you, or similarly as when you have made it sufficiently ineffective.	Derhalben soltu acht haben wie es die sachen erfordert / wie sich dein widerpart gegen dir stellet / auch warnemen wie die person / ob sie geschwindt oder langsam / groß oder klein sey / unnd hiernach deine arbeit wissen zugebrauchen unnd jhm zubegegnen. Sintemal ein jegliches gantz Fechtstuck wie oben angezeigt / in drey theil abgesondert ist / nemlich in das zufechten Mittel und abziehen / unnd diese drey theil der ordnung nach erklert / was in einem jeden warzunemen angezeigt / so mustu im zugang durch die Leger erstlich etlich häuw brauchen / mit welchen du dein gegenpart am besten vermeinest anzugreiffen und zu ubereilen / un wenn du denn im ersten theil an'[XXVIr]griffen und zu jhm / oder villeicht under sein Schwerdt komen bist / so mustu ferner noch mehr stuck haben / damit das gantze stuck vollendt werde / welches du denn aus dem andern theil diß Buchs lernest / nemlich der Handtarbeit / auff das du jhn ferner zu allen vier Blössen tringest / unnd er dir zu keiner schädlichen arbeit kommen möge / oder dergleiche stuck wie du denn der alda überflüssig gnug hast.
	And in order to bring the engagement to its end, you must lastly add more letters to this word, and seek onward to the third section of this book, how the engagement shall be ended, and you withdraw without damage, or your opponent allowed one.	Und das du denn das stuck zu endt bringest / mustu letzlich mehr Buchstaben zu disem wort haben / unnd ferner im dritten theil des Buchs suchen / wie diß stuck möchte vollendt werden / und du ohne schaden könnest abziehen / oder deinem gegenfechter ein letz lassen.
	Because of this see that you then force the Middle Work, that you first come to withdraw though defense, as then much will be learned in various engagements, or you incite so that he strikes you away and then at the same time you strike over his sword while stepping out, and justifiably want to take and claim your withdrawal. So that with this you will understand it entirely, I will present an entire engagement in all three parts.	Derowegen so sihe das du in der Mittelarbeit jhn also trengest / das du ehe ers gewahr werde zum abzug kommest / wie denn in sonderlichen stucken vil davon gelehrt wirdt / oder jhn reitzest das er dir abhauwe / damit du jhm zuglich Oben uber sein Schwerdt mit austretten zuhauwest / unnd füglichen deinen abzug nehmen und holen mögest / solches damit du es gantz eigentlich verstehn mögest / will ich dir ein gantz stuck von allen dreyen dingen fürstellen.
	In the pre-fencing come into the right Changer, pay attention that as soon as his sword shows bearing to strike, then before him nimbly strike through above you, and strike with a Traverse from your right at the same time as his, in the strike step on to his left side, if he drives his strike directly at your head, then hit with your Traverse to his left ear, however mark that he doesn’t strike straight to your head by winding his strike with the long edge against your Traverse in the displacement, thus pull the strike with a long Traverse nimbly to his right ear, step just then with your left foot to his right, now you have attacked out of the change with two traverse strikes to each side over against the other. This you take now from the first part to this attack, Forward you will step on to Middle work, then bring yourself to the other part thus, if he slashes from your sword over to the other side, then move after him with a cut against his arm, hit with the strong of your blade, or with your hilt in a jerk away from you, just as he still threatens from the thrust, and still has not yet reached you, then drive to rush out with crossed arms and slash him with the short edge over his right arm to his head; and so that when he reaches you from the thrust, but where he stops you and sweeps away through displacing, then let your sword fly off again, and traverse to his left ear while you step away with your left foot; or where he doesn’t go off or slash around, but stays with the cut or long edge outward, then loop your sword so that your half edge comes at his, ride his sword thus on your right side, but just then let it clip off into the air, so that your hands come together again crosswise high over your head, to then slash him as before, as he reaches from the ride with the short edge over his head, step back following with the left foot, and strike a high traversing middle strike with the long edge from your right to his half, and just as it glides, then pull off to your right with a high strike. Thus you see now how there’s always one part after the other, the application and ordering through must be conceived and executed together, which makes up an entire part of Fencing. Lastly mark here also that the entire engagement can be completed in two or three strikes, where you rush to engage in the first strike, and with the second strike off again and in this strike commit either to the first or last meeting, which needs to be undertaken correctly, or you will lead on there to a third strike. Namely engage with the first, follow after with a second, but when the proper time such must be shown, that you have something worth saying, then mark how one speaks such that you will learn yourself, after which you will learn all other parts in fencing and here on retain your lessons with diligence.	Im zufechten komm in rechten Wechsel / hab acht so bald er sein Schwerdt auffzeucht zum streich / so streich behend vor jm ubersich durch / und Hauw mit einer Zwirch von deiner Rechten zugleich mit jhm eyn / im Hauw trit wol auff sein Lincke seiten / fehrt er mit seinem Hauw gerad zu deinem Kopff / so triffestu jhm mit der Zwirch an sein linkc Ohr / merckest du aber das er nit gerad zu deinem Kopff Hauwet / sonder verwendt sein Hauw mit Langer schneidt gegen deiner Zwirch zur versatzung / so Hauwe ehe es rürt mit langer Zwirch / behend zu seinem Rechten ohr / trit Indes mit deinem lincken Fus wol umb zu seiner Rechten / jetz hastu angriffen aus dem Wechsel mit zweyen Zwirchhäuwen / zu beiden seiten gegen einander uber. Diß nimstu nun aus dem ersten theil / zu disem angriff / Ferner wiltu zur Mittelarbeit tretten / so hilfft dir das ander [XXVIv] theil also / schlecht er von deinem Schwerdt umb zur andern seiten / so reiß jhm nach mit dem Schnit auff sein Arm / truck jhn mit der sterck deiner klingen / oder mit deinem Schilt in einem ruck von dir / in dem er vom stoß noch dammelt / und sich noch nit erholet hat / so fahr in eil also mit gekreuzigten armen auff / und schlag jhn mit kurtzer schneidt uber seim rechten Arm auff sein Kopff / und solches wie bemelt ehe er sich vom stoß erholet / wo er sich aber erhielte unnd zur versatzung auffwischte / so laß dein Schwerdt wider abfliegen / unnd zwirch mit einem abtrit deines lincken Fuß zu seinem Lincken ohr / oder wo er nit abgehet oder umbschlecht / sonder bleibt mit dem Schnit oder Langer Schneid darauff / so verkehr dein Schwerdt das dein halb schneidan sein komme / riß jhm also sein Schwerdt auß auff dein Rechte seiten / in dessen aber laß in der lufft umbschnappen / damit deine hende hohe uber dein haupt wider kreutzweiß zusamen kommen / als dann schlag jhn wie vor / ehe er sich vom riß erholet mit kurtzer schneid auff sein Kopff / volgendt trit mit dem Lincken fuß zu ruck / und Hauw ein uberzwerchen Mittelhauw / mit Langer schneiden von deiner Rechten zu seinem halß / und in dem es glützt / so ziehe zu seiner Rechten mit hohen streichen ab. Also sihestu nun wie jmmer ein stuck nach dem andern / der gelegenheit und notturft nach muß gebraucht und zusamen gesetzt werden / biß das ein gantz Fechtstuck gemacht werde. Hie merck aber letzlichen / das auch gantze stuck nur mit zweyen oder dreyen streichen können vollendt werden / als da du mit dem ersten streich in eil angreiffst / und mit dem andern wider abhauwest / und in disen streichen entweders mit dem ersten oder letzten triffst / mit welchen es am füglichsten mag beschehen / oder da du es mit dreien Häwen volfürest / mit dem ersten nemlich angreiffst / den andern nachfolgest / wenn aber / und zu welcher gelegner zeit solches muß beschehen / ist hie on not davon zu sagen / der Marck wie man spricht / wirt dich solches selbst wol leren / nach dem du alle andere Fechtstuck hierin begriffen mit fleiß erlernest.

10 - How one shall fence to the four Openings 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	How one shall fence to the four Openings Chapt. 10 While up until now, artful reader, my attentive clarification of all servicable elements of sword fighting, such that each would be seriously raised by diligent practice, will be sufficient guide to understand all parts set after here, therefore I will now go forward to show, in one Stance after another, how one will behave therein and also how all fencing from it shall be. While forward you will come to judge all your strikes and actions from or against Man’s four divisions, following on you must similarly be prepared to address the four openings, necessary to go on to the onset of Fencing from the stances. That I properly report on this part, I will now set out and give the following example:	[XXVIIrv] Wie man nach den vier Blössen fechten sol. Cap. 10. DIeweil nun bißher günstiger Leser / alle zum Schwerdt Fechten dienstlich stuck meines erachtens dermassen erklert / also das ein jeglicher dem ernst sein wirt / solches neben fleissiger übung zu erwegen / gnugsame anleitung alle nach gesetzte stuck zuverstehn haben wirt / derhalben will ich nun ferner ein Leger nach dem andern / wie man sich darinen verhalten und au deren einem jeden Fechten sol / anzeigen / Zuvor aber dieweil alle deine Häuw und stuck / auff oder gegen die vier theil des Manns gericht werden sollen / hergegen du auch derselbigen von gemelten vier theilen gewertig sein must / ist derhalben nötig zum eingang des Fechtens auß den Legern / das ich von disem stuck eigentlichen bericht / welches ich durch folgende Exempel dargeben und setzen will / und erstlich:
	In the pre-fencing when you come near to your opponent, then strike out in front of him from your right, through his face one time, twice, thrice, so that in the third strike before him (see that you keep your left foot forward) come into the long point, from there let the forward part of your blade flow off to your left, and just then with your blade level and sinking below you, pull back under it with your grip above you, step and strike first from your right against his left ear, as soon as the strike hits on, then quickly twitch to fly off again, and strike the second from below diagonally against his right arm, however in this strike keep your cross high over your head, and step to him with your left foot a little to his right together with your strike from below, and hit on with this as well, should you nimbly move your sword over you to your right, and thus from your right strike to his lower left opening, as the right is pulled or hit then twitch off again to over your head, and strike the fourth seriously against his right ear, from then traverse over and pull out. The first four Strikes shall be nimble and quick from one opening to another for your steps to be successful.	Im zufechten wann du kloffters nehe zum Man kommest / so streiche von deiner Rechten vor jhm auff / durch sein gesicht ein mal zwey drey / also das du im driten auffstreichen vor jm (doch das du mit deinm Linkcen fuß vor bleibest) in das Lang ort kommest / von dannen laß das vordertheil deiner klingen gegen deiner Lincken ablauffen / unnd in dem dein klingen eben im undersich sincekn ist / so ziehe under des dein hefft übersich / trit und hauwe den ersten von deiner Rechten gegen seinem Lincken ohr / als bald solcher Hauw antroffen / so bald zuck in einem flug wider ab / und hauwe den andern von Unden uberecke gegen seinem Rechten arm / zu solchem hauw aber bleib mit deinem kreutz hoch uber deinem Kopff / und trit mit deinem Lincken fuß zugleich mit solchem Underhauw / ein wenig gegen seiner Rechten zur seiten aus zu jhm / und so dieser auch antroffen / soltu behendt dein Schwerdt wider ubersich rucken gegen deiner Rechten / und also von deiner Rechten zu seiner Lincken undern Blösse hauwen / ehe das recht gerürt oder [XXVIIIr] getroffen so zuck wider ab umb dein Kopff / und hauwe den vierten schlims gegen seinem Rechten ohr / von dannen zwirch umb unnd zieh ab / Diese erste vier Häuw sollen behend unnd geschwint von einer Blöß zur andern sampt jhren tritten wolbracht werden.
	However while in the onset there are three ways for your Sword or sword’s blade to hit and touch, firstly with the Long edge as was already taught, then with the Short, and lastly with the flat, therefore observe that you can also slash handily to all four openings with the short edge as well as you did before with the long, then still at the last with the flat, and similarly to what was shown before now with the half edge, fly freely from one opening to another, namely with the inward flat to the right, and slash with the outward (that is with reversed or inverted flat to his left).	Dieweil aber das Schwerdt oder dein schwerdts klingen / im herführen zum hauwen fürnemlich auff dreyerley weiß antreffen und rühren mag / als erstlich mit Langer davon jetzt gelert / demnach mit kurtzer / und letzlichen mit der flech / derhalben will auch von nöten sein / das du die kurtze schneide eben als wol wie zu voren die Lange / behendiglich zu allen vier Blössenen führen könnest / demnoch auch zum letzsten mit der flech / gleichwol als wie jetz gemelt mit halber schneide / frey fliegendt von einer Blöß zur andern / nemlich mit der inwendigen flech zur Rechten / und mit der auswendigen das ist letzer oder ebichter flech zu seiner lincken) schlagen.
	However if you would become practiced in this, then you shall always change with the first strike, and when you first strike to his upper left opening, and then the second is to his lower right opening, and then further as taught above (as is shown by the outer digits in the printed figure), then you shall again strike first to his lower left, then a second to his upper right, and then further as the second set of digits in the previous figure show. The next strike is first struck to his upper right then to his lower left, then further as shown by the third set. The last strike is first struck to his right, then further as is shown by the inner digits, and first learn this as instructed with the long then with the half edge, then lastly with the flat as judged into the work. When you can do such, then follow ahead to the next part, namely that you must understand the four openings before the strikes just taught can be retained, or onward your sword’s blade will be held off and you will be repulsed with better countering strikes, these are thus the two Main Elements of Fencing, the Origins from which all other elements flow forth, onward follows the third, a large element which is and is named the Practice. One comes to the Practice thus: when you can lead your strikes from the stances to all of Man’s divisions, which in the First part of fencing must be taken in the Before thus into the work, and yet your opponent is the same, and is also nimble in the Second stage of displacing, working off or stopping you and your strikes, so that you cannot reach your chosen destination for your strikes, then we come thus to the Third part which is the Practice, which is the most cunning, and teach it as you did the strikes where you were aware, that while every point can be futile or pointless, twitch off closely and nimbly from there to strike again onward, or feint over to let it go off and then lead on to another opening. When he also displaces himself, then twitch off yourself as well, and thus let fly from one opening to another so long and much as you are able to reach to a hit. However, so that such lessons will be marked and understood , I will demonstrate with a few good examples so that my objective will be simply and distinctly taught, presented, and set out, with which the goodly Reader will sufficiently judge all secondary and ongoing elements, and thus can take understanding from it in the Middle work thus:	Damit du aber solches dester geübter werdest / so soltu mit dem ersten hauw alwegen umbwechseln / also wann du einmal deinen ersten hauw zur Lincken obern Blöß / unnd den andern zu seiner Rechten undern Blöß / unnd also fürtan wie oben gelehrt (wie solches die ausserste ziffer in disem hiebey getrucktem Figürlein anzeigen) gehauwen hast / so soltu demnoch auch den ersten gegen seiner Lincken undern / den andern gegen seiner Rechten obern / und dann fürter wie die ander zal im gedachten Figürlein lehrt / darnach so hauwe den ersten zu seiner Rechten unden / den andern zu seiner Lincken oben / und also fürter wie dich die drit zal weist / zum letzten hauwe deinen ersten gegen seiner Rechten / und fürter wie solches die inere zal außweisset / unnd das alles lerne erstlich wie gemelt mit langer dan mit halber schneid / und letzlich mit der fleche in das werck richten / wandu nun solches wol kanst / so folget nu ferner das ander stuck / nemlich das du solche vier Blösse wissest vor solchen gelerte häuwen zu bewaren / und eintwederst die mit deiner schwerts klingen auffhaltest oder [XXVIIIv] welches besser mit gegen häuwen von dir abweisest / dises seind also die zwey Hauptstuck im Fechten / daraus alle ander stuck herfliessen un ist das Original / Ferner folget nun für das drit ein zufellig stuck welches eigentlich zu rede die Practick heißt und ist / welche Practick ist diese / wan du nun deine Häuw aus den Legern wol zu allen theilen des Mans führen kanst / welches das erste stuck im fechten so im Vor ins werck bracht werden muß / und aber dein gegenfechter ist gleich / und behend auch fertig mit dem andern stuck der versatzung / dir deine häuw im Nach abzuschaffen oder auff halten / damit du dein fürgenommen ziel mit solchen Häuwen nicht erreichen kanst / Derwegen kompt nun das dritte stuck das ist die Practick genant / welches ist der list / und lehrt dich wie du dein Häuw wo du gewahr wirst / das solche an einem ort vergeblich oder unfruchtbar seind / bald unnd behendig von dannen ehe dann solcher Hauw antrifft wider abzukest / oder fehl füruber gehen lassest / und den einer andern Blöß zuführest / will er daselbst auch versetzen / so zuck daselbst auch ab / und laß also verfliegen von einer Blös zur andern / so lang unnd vil biß du eine ereilen kanst zu treffen / Damit aber solches vom lernenden desterbas gemerckt und verstanden mag werden / will ich demselbigen zu gut etliche exempel so meines erachtens einfeltig unnd deutlich lehren / dargegen und setzen / aus welchen der gutherzig Leser gnugsamen bericht / allerley beyfellige und verführte stuck / so hievor in mitler arbeit erzelt / dieselbigen zuverstehn nehmen kann / also:
	When you have struck as taught above in the Pre-Fencing, and have closed in the strike, then let the first and second hit on hard as above, then don’t let the third hit on, but twitch nimbly then hit off again in a backward flight, so that the fourth can thus hit on quickly.	Wann du im zufechten wie vor gelert auffgestrichen / und dich zum streich erholet hast / so lasse den ersten und den andern hart antreffen wie oben / den dritten aber lasse nicht antreffen / sonder verzuck den behend ehe dann solcher trifft wider ab in eim flug zu ruck / auff das du den vierten dester geschwinder und eher antreffen könnest.
	Note: hit the first and twitch the second and the third in a quick flight, and let the fourth hit, still likewise launch the first and second bites to the Openings, and indeed twitch them off again and then lead into the next target, in this disengagement you can and also should attack with the first, changing off to things taught before in the numbered lessons, namely that you now twitch and feint from this then to another, and meanwhile still have care and attention where he would engage your own openings, that you then soon be on his sword with a bind, from this twitching now move farther on to Flowing Off and Missing and the like. Thus when you would lead a strike to the man’s now known sections, and yet then take care that he displaces such strikes, then don’t twitch off again, but (in that he is unaware of your observance) then close by the same side miss to let it fully flow off on over and strike nimbly to another opening, being first on the outside right (what you led with). Example:	[XXIXr] Item triffe den ersten / unnd verzucke den andern und den dritten in einem geschwinden flug / unn lasse den vierten treffen / eben desgleichen trauwe den ersten unnd den andern biß an die Blösse / und verzucke doch solches wider ab / und führe den der andern nechsten Blösse eine zu / in dieser verzuckung kanstu / und solt sie auch mit dem ersten angreiffen / aller ding wie hievor in der ziffer gelehrt abwechseln / nemlich das du jetz an dieser dann an einer andern abzuckest unnd verfehlen lassest / und under des gleichwol fürsorg und auffmerckens habest / wo er dir jrgendt zur Blöß würde einfallen / das du jm bald von solchem verzucken mit dem Bandt an seinem schwerdt seyest / aus disem verzucken fleußt nun weiter das Ablauffen und Fehlen unnd dergleichen / Also wann du ein hauw dieser obgedachten theilen des Mans eine zuführest / und aber in dem du gewahr würst / das er solchen Hauw versetzen / so zuckest du gleichwol nicht wider ab / sonder (auf das er deines vermerckens nicht gewahr werde) so lasse neben der selben seiten vollen fehl füruber ablauffen / unnd Hauwe jhm behende zu einer andern Blöß / ehe dann ers recht (was du führest) innen wirt / Exempel:
	As you have rebounded through the out stretching to the strikes as was taught above, then step and strike high from your right against his left ear, as soon as he clears this, nimbly let your blade sink below you with the half edge near your left side, and then pull your pommel and grip above you, and nimbly strike to his right ear with the short edge, so that your hands become crossed in this strike.	So du dich durch das auffstreychen zum streich erholet hast / wie oben gelehret / so trit unnd hauwe von deiner Rechten hoch herein gegen seinem Lincken ohr / als bald er dem nach wischt so lasse behend dein klingen mit der halben schneide neben seiner Lincken undersich sincken / unnd ruck damit dein Knopff und Hefft ubersich / und hauwe ihm behend mit kurtzer schneide zu seinem Rechten ohr / also das dein hend in solchem hauw kreutzweiß kommen.
	Note: let the first hit hard against his left ear, nimbly let the second flow off missing near his right as instructed before, and hit deep to his left ear, thus onto it nimbly (whereas you hit the first hard unto him) as well, letting it flow off to both sides, and still attack on to the next target as it opens, all these diagonally and with crossed arms as was taught, also against each other single and double, judged in the work against your need and opportunity. Then farther, as was taught, drive the blade in the full work first with the long edge then with the short, and also with the flat, against his sides in full flight to the high and low openings.	Item las den ersten gegen seinem Lincken ohr hart antreffen / den andern lasse behend auff vorige weiß neben seinem Rechten fehl furuber lauffen / unnd triffe dieff zu seinem Lincken ohr / also magstu auch ( wo du den ersten mit jm hart eingehauwen hast) behend darauff / auff beiden seiten ablauffen lassen / und demnoch zu der nechsten Blöß so die offen ist einfallen / dises alles so bisher gelehrt kanstu uberecke und kreutzweiß / auch gegeneinander einfach unnd doppel / in das [XXIXv] werck richten / nach deinem gefallen und gelegenheit / weiter so lehre auch dein klingen in voller arbeit / erstlich mit Langer dann auch mit halber schneid / oder auch mit der flech / gegen seiner seiten zur obern und undern Blösse / in vollem flug behendiglichen zusamen führen / also.
	In the first attack strike a long downstrike to his left ear, just as he glides then twitch both hands above you, so that your pommel will be under your right arm as you thrust through to him above you, and strike handily from below with the long edge to his left, just then step to him with your left foot behind your right and come through this strike to bring your grip high over your head. Onward again first strike an understrike with the long edge to his low opening while advancing your right foot, twitch handily near your right above you again, and strike the second from above also to his left while backstepping with your left behind your right as before, from which you will stand guarded behind your blade.	Im ersten angriff hauw ein Langen Oberhauw zu seinem Lincken ohr / in dem es glützt / so zuck beide hend ubersich / das dein Knopff under deinem Rechten arm im ubersich fahren durch gestossen werdt / unnd hauwe behend mit Langer schneiden von Unden auch zu seiner Lincken / trit in des mit deinem Lincken fus hinder deinen Rechten zu jhm / und komm mit deinem Hefft in solchem hauwen hoch uber deinem Haupt / Herwiderumb so hauwe den ersten einen Underhauw / mit einem zutrit deines rechten Fuß / zu seiner undern Blös mit Langer schneid / zuck behendt neben deiner Rechten wider ubersich / unnd hauwe den andern von Oben auch zu seiner Lincken mit einem abtritt deines lincken Fus / hinder deinem Rechten zu jhm wie vor / auff das du hinder deiner kling verdeckt standest.
	Note: twitch with a high strike from the right with the half edge to his left, but in the air cross over your hands and slash with the half edge to his left ear, as is shown by the top two figures in illustration C, twitch your hands again thus crosswise over you, and slash again with a traverse from below to his left ear, then again onward strike the traverse from below to his left with an advance step, twitch nimbly near your left above you, and thrust through in this off-twitch with your pommel under your right arm, and quickly again with crossed arms from your high right into his left, in this way slash with the flat below and above on the one side, that goes to both sides, and mark when you will slash to the lower right opening, which will be with the flat, long or short, then your hands will cross, but when you slash to his hight righ opening, then your hands will not always be crossed, from here mark the following example:	Item zuck mit halber schneid von dem Rechten ein hohen streich zu seiner Lincken / aber in der lufft verschrenck dein hend / und schlag mit halber schneide zu seinem lincken ohr / wie du solches an den zweyen obern Bilder zur Lincken in der Figur so mit dem C. verzeichnet sehen kanst / zuck deine hende also kreutzweiß wider ubersich / unnd schlag mit einer zwirch wider von Unden zu seinem lincken Ohr / also auch herwiderumb Hauw die zwirch von Unden zu seiner Lincken mit einem zutrit / zuck behendt neben deiner Rechten ubersich / unnd stoß in solchem auffzucken dein Knopff under dein rechten Arm durch / und schnell also mit geschrenckten henden wider von deiner Rechten Oben hinein zu seiner Lincken / auff diese weise schlag es auch mit der flech Unden und Oben auff einer seiten zusamen / das gehet zu beiden seiten / und merck wann du zur Rechten undern Blöß schlechst / es sey flech / lang oder kurtz / so kommen dein hend kreutzweiß / aber wann du [XXXr] zu seiner Rechten obern Blösse schlechst / so kommen deine hende nicht alwegen kreutzweiß / hievon merck auff folgend Exempel.
	Thus in advancing shoot through before him and slash with the half edge from your left to his right ear, without crossing your hands, but with your pommel staying out toward your left, twitch nimbly overhead to your right, and crossing your hands over in the air, slash with crossed hands to his lower right opening from your left, in all moves keep your pommel full behind your blade, stepping double steps out to your right, thus you can both slash with the flech and with the long edge, from below and above, near your right, as I taught you before, that you shall twitch and turn the strikes from one opening to another, thus you shall twitch and address both high and low openings on one side. Basically, when you drive a strike to his high openings, and notice that he does not strike, but your sword drives on to engage, see that you then not let your strike hit on, but lead your strike to his low opening, but where he does get under the strike, then drive your strike ahead against the strong of his blade. From this work grows winding at the Sword, namely when you have bound onto his sword from your right against his left, then stay stay hard on his blade, thrust your pommel through under your right arm unseen to him, stay thus forward on his sword, and then pull your pommel out again and wind your short edge out to his head. Thus you again find three edges and the flat, namely the outward and inward long edge, also the outward and inward short edge, and similarly the inward and outward flat, all on both sides.	Also im zutritt schieß vor jhm durch / und schlag mit halber schneid / von deiner Lincken zu seinem rechten ohr nicht mit geschrenckten henden / sonder das dein Knopff gegen deiner Lincken aus steht / zuck behend wider ubersich gegen deiner Rechten / und verschrenck dein hende in der lufft / schlag jhm mit gekreutzigten henden zu seiner undern rechten Blöß / von deiner Lincken / in dem allem schaw das du mit dem Kopff wol hinder deiner kling / mit zwifachen tritten gegen seiner Rechten außtreten bist / also kanstu auch mit flech und Langer schneid / von unden unnd oben / neben seiner Rechten zusamen schlagen / wie ich dich nur vor gelert hab / das du die häw von einer Blöß zur andern verzucken und trauwen solt / also soltu hie auff einer seiten / auch die undern und obern Blöß zusamen trauwen und verzucken / Nemlich wann du jhm also ein haw zur obern Blösse führest / und merckest das er nicht hauwet / sonder deinem Schwerdt entgegen fehrt / das du als dann dein hauw nicht antreffen lassest / sonder dein klingen der undern Blöß zuführest / wo er aber under des hauwen wirt / so fahr mit deinem Hauw fürt doch gegen der sterck seiner klingen / Aus dieser arbeit erwachsen die winden am Schwerdt / nemlich wann du jhm an sein Schwerdt hast angebunden / von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken / so bleib hart an seiner klingen / stoß dein Knopff jme unversehens under dein rechten Arm durch / bleib also ferner an seinem Schwerdt / und ruck als dann dein Knopff wider herfür / und windt jhm die kurtz schneiden außwendig zum Kopff / also findestu auch dreyerley schneid und flech / Nemlich außwendige und inwendige Lange schneide. Item außwendige und inwendige kurtze schneide / deßgleichen inwendig und auswendige flech / und das auff beiden seiten.
	Thus you understand that the third part of fencing is nothing other than the right Practice, as was reported above, the first two Lead parts in fencing, which will be taught though Practice, where you change at every opportunity, namely in the first Lead Part with the stances and strikes, flowing off, changing through, flying off, and letting miss. That such strikes can be trapped with displacement and clearing, likewise in the second Lead Part, displacement, teach the Practice of how you displace, follow after him, cut, punch, etc. Therewith you will end the strikes that he sends to you, or at the least prevent them from reaching their intended destination. And that is the sum of all Practice, namely that you firstly engage your opposing fencer through the stances, with manly strikes and without damage to your target, by showing cunning and agile misleading as can be shown, and after you then engage him to break through with the obligatory or similar handwork, from which you either securely withdraw at your pleasure, or where he must retreat from you and you follow ahead after him. Since going forward such Practice will be needed and extended in many arts to be the same both in name and in fencing, as you found fully described before here in the handwork chapter, I will now drive further to describe fencing from the stances.	Also verstehstu nun das das dritte stuck im Fechten davon oben gemelt nichts anders ist / dann [XXXv] ein rechte Practick / der zwey ersten Hauptstuck im Fechten / durch welche Practick gelehrt wirt / wie du solche nach zufelliger gelegenheit / nemlich im ersten Hauptstuck die Leger unnd Häuw verwandlen / ablauffen durchwechseln verfliegen unnd fehlen lasset / damit dem versetzer unnd abtrager solche Häuw entführet werden / desgleichen im andern Hauptstuck des versetzens / lert dich die Practick wie du jm deine versatzung entzuckest / jhm nachreisest / schnidest / truckest etc. Damit du jhn auch umb seine häuw das er die vergebens / oder auff das wenigest zu seinem fürgenomen ziel nicht volführe noch ende. Und ist das die summa aller Practick / nemlich das du erstlich deinen gegen gegenfechter durch die Leger / mit dem hauwen manliche unnd ohn schaden / zu seinem nachtheil / mit was listigkeit unnd behender verführung das geschehen kann / angreiffest / unnd nach dem du jhn als dann angriffen / jhne ferner mit obligender oder gleicher handtarbeit jhn also trengest / auff das du demnach zum dritten sicher nach deinem gefallen eintweders abziehest / oder wo er dir weichen müste / du jhm fürsichtig nach folgest / wie ferner aber solche Practick sich erstrecke und auff wie vilerley arth dieselbigen beide in den namen und im Fechten gebraucht werden / findestu hievor im Capitel von der handtarbeit weitleuffiger beschriben / will derwegen nun fürter das Fechten aus den Legern zu beschreiben furt fahren.

11 - Fencing from the Stances 

Images	Draft Translation (from the 1570) by Mike Rasmusson	1570 Transcription
	Fencing from the Stances Chapt. 11 Since much now concerns the Stances, I will thus not keep you long in each for the same reason they were given still only half composed, but going onward, since you will need to know, when you present your sword and (while you are twitching off the guard he aimed to you) you would strike, as soon as you come out from the farthest point (where you have begun to pull back your sword), then from here on you should lead your sword against him again with agility, like how it will be handled from the Guard of the Roof, the Guard through which you bring about the Downstrike. Thus when you move to the Downstrike (to do such) you will then in the outermost point of this move come to be in the guard named Roof, you can now not only (just as you seek to strike) strike then and thus drive ahead with your Downstrike, but can also persist to stay. This is the reason, namely just that you not yet undertake any strike unplanned, but even as soon you have allowed the same considered strike to be drawn against them, you should now lead the strike on from even from here so that as you stay for only an eyeblink at the obvious outermost point, so consider ahead if your chosen strike can either still be led usably to fulfillment, or if through it you can attain a better opportunity applicable elsewhere, where you thus change to a second strike accordingly at the outermost point and thus conclude the Downstrike which you have drawn out with a Traverse. This is the underlying reason for the development of the Stances and is why you stay while in one Guard: to see what the other will take ahead (and then rightly know how to overtake his chosen part) and prevent such just by being certain to see here what his chosen part will be, and such waiting is a great art and experience. Because you now need to know onward how to engage your opponent’s oncoming strikes from the Roof with your Sword, I have set the following examples both of when he would strike, or stay and not strike.	Auß den Legeren zufechten. Cap. 11. SO vil nun aber die Leger belanget / so will ich nicht das mann in deren einem lang verharre / dann sie seind auch solcher ursach halben nicht erfunden noch außgetheilt worden / sonder [XXXIr] darumb / auff das du wissen mögest / wann du dein Schwerdt zum streich auffzeuchst unnd dir (dieweil du also im auffzucken die Bügen zu dir zeuchst) zu gehauwen würde / wie du als bald von dem eussersten ort (dahin du mit dem auffziehen deines Schwerdts ankomen bist) herwiderumb dein Schwerdt behendiglich gegen im herführen solt / als wie hie von der Hut des Tags gehandelt wirt / welche Hut sich durch den Oberhauw verursacht / Also wann du zum Oberhauw auffzeuchst (den zu thun) so wirt das eusserste ort dahin du mit solchem auffziehen kommest der Tag genant / wirt nun dir nicht bald (in dem du noch auffzuckest zum streich) darin gehauwen / so fahrestu mit deinem Oberhauw fürt / das aber auch von den erfahrnen biß weilen in deren einem verharret wirt / ist dis die ursach / nemlich das du nit allein kein hauw noch streich unbedacht fürnimest / sondern auch nach dem du schon zur selbigen vorbedachten streich auffgezogen und dich erholet hast / und jetzt eben den streich her führen solt / das du an dem selbigen eussersten ort noch ein kleine und schier nur ein augenbliche weil verharren solt / aldo noch ferner zubedencken / ob dein fürgenomener streich zu volführen nützlich sey / oder ob dir under des ein bessere gelegenheit fürgefallen oder zustendig worden were / auff das du denselbige noch also am eussersten ort zu einem andern haw verwandeln / und das du demnoch den Oberhauw / zu welchem du auffgezogen hast / mit einer Zwirch vollendest / Dises ist die fürnemste ursach der erfindung der Leger / unnd ist darumb dem der sich bisweilen in ein Leger Hut legert / zu sehen was des andern fürnemen sei (auff das er jm dester füglicher wisse in seinen eigen stucken zufangen) solches nicht gewert / allein das er zusehe und seines fürnemen gewiß sei / dan zu solchem warten gehöret kunst unnd grosse erfahrung. Damit du nun ferner wisses haben mögest / wie und auff was weiß du dein Schwerdt von Tag / gegen deines gegenparts herfliegenden streichen brauchen solt / hab ich die volgende Exempel beide wann er hauwet / oder nicht hauwen will setzen wollen.
	The First Part And firstly when you come before your opponent and, while striking out or otherwise pulling your sword back (to downstrike) to bring it high above you, he strikes just then to your left at your head, then burst full away from his strike against his left and somewhat toward him, and strike with an outward flat against his incoming strike to meet his sword strongly on the strong so that the forward part of your blade will swing inward over his sword to his head, which is then certainly hit. When you slash at the same time as him and your sword comes to be over his, to hit or not on his strike, then twitch your sword off over yourself again, and strike diagonally upward from below to his right arm, in this strike step out with your left foot full against his right side and arc yourself with your head fully behind your sword’s blade, from there nimbly twitch again upward and flit the short edge to his left ear, if you see that he will wipe against this, then don’t let the impact fail or flow off, but soon cross your hands in the air (the right over the left) and slash him with the short edge deep to his right ear and then traverse over and pull out. Mark here when he would nimbly follow after the Understrike just taught and thus would be hard onto the roof so that you can’t come to flow off, then pay attention just then if he would twitch off from your sword, then follow after him with a cut to the arm.	[XXXIv] Das erst stuck. UNd erstlich wann du für deinen Mann kommest / und aldo durch auffstreichen oder sonst mit auffziehen (zu einem Oberhauw) mit deinem Schwerdt in die höhe kommen werest / und er hauwet dir in dessen gegen deiner Lincken zum Kopff / so spring wol auß seinem Hauw gegen seiner Lincken / etwas zu jhm umb / und schlag mit außwendiger flech gegen seinem herfliegenden streich / das du sein Schwerdt in die sterck antreffest / unnd das also starck / auff das sich dein vordertheil deiner klingen in solchem schlag / über seinem Schwerdt zu seinem Kopff einschwinge / welche dann gewis triffst / wann du mit jhm zugleich schlechst / unnd doch mit deinem Schwerdt oberhalb des seinen kommest / auff solchen Hauw er hab getroffen oder nit / so zuck dein Schwerdt wider übersich ab / und hauwe übereck dargegen über / von Unden zu seinem Rechten Arm / in solchem Hauw trit mit deinem Lincken fuß wol aus gegen seiner Rechten / und bucke dich mit deinem Kopff wol hinder dein Schwerdts klingen / von dannen zucke behend wider übersich / und wincke jhm mit kurtzer schneide zu seinem Lincken ohr / ersihestu das er jhm nach wischet / so lasse nicht antreffen sonder fehl ablauffen / und verschrencke bald dein hend in der lufft (die Recht über die Lincke) und schlag jhm mit kurtzer schneide dieff zu seinem Rechten ohr / als bald Zwirch umb und ziech ab / unnd merck hie / wann er dir auff deinen obgelehrten Underhauw / so behend nach folgen / unnd so hart auff dem tach sein würde / also das du zu dem ablauffen nicht kommen kanst / so hab acht in dem er von deinem Schwerdt abzuckt / so folge jhm mit dein Schnit nach auff die arm.
	The Second Part However if he strikes at your left from below, then step quickly out to his left and strike with the long edge onto the strong of his sword, as soon as your sword moves or glides on his, twitch your sword high above yourself again and slash down with the short edge quickly and deeply to his left ear while stepping forward out to his left, he will then want to rush to displace and then drive above against it, so then strike nimbly with the long edge over again to his right ear and in this slashover step full against his right like before, yet stay with the cross high over your head, and mark as soon as he slashes over then fall further with a cut to his arm, if he is not hurt by this but would evade your work, then follow after him (staying on his arm), and when he makes the smallest extraction, then let fly to another opening and strike him away from you.	Das ander stuck. HAuwet er dir aber von Unden gegen deiner Lincken / so trit abermal gegen seiner Lincken aus / und hauwe mit Langer schneide Oben auff die sterck seines Schwerdts / als bald dein Schwerdt auff das seine rührt oder glitzt / so zuck dein Schwerdt wider übersich in die höh / und schlag mit kurtzer schneid in einem schnall wider nider / mit fernerm umbtretten gegen seiner Lincken zu seinem Lincken ohr / dieff hinein / das wirt er in solcher eil versetzen wollen / und dargegen übersich fahren / darumb hauwe behend mit Langer schneid / widerumb zu seinem Rechten or / in solchem umbschlagen trit wol gegen seiner Rechten wie vor / und bleib gleichwol mit dem kreutz hoch uber deinem [XXXIIr] Kopff / und merck als bald er umbschlecht / so fall jhm mit dem Schnit abermal auff die Arm / will er den auch nit leiden / sonder will sich ledig arbeiten / so volg jhm (auff seinen Armen bleibent) nach / und wann ers am wenigsten versihet / so laß abfliegen einer andern Blöß zu / und hauw dich von jhm ab.
	The Third Part However, if he strikes to your right as you come to be in the High Guard, then step nimbly with your left foot to his right out of his strike, and at the same time fall from above with the long edge onto the strong of his sword and, just as you fall on his sword, thrust your pommel under your right arm, so that you slash at his head with crossed hands fully over or near his sword, if he drives above against your right then let the half edge nearly flow off and step under it full out to his left side, and strike with the long edge directly to his head from above, but twitch nimbly upward again and slash with a traverse from below to his left ear with an off set with your left foot, and then strike him away from you.	Das drite stuck. HAuwet er dir aber zu deiner Rechten / wann du also in die Oberhut ankomen bist / so trit behende mit deinem Linkcen fuß gegen seiner Rechten auß seinem Hauw / und falle jhm zugleich mit Langer schneide / Oben auff die sterck seines Schwerdts / und in dem du also auff sein Schwerdt fellest / so stoß dein knopff under deinem Rechten arm durch / also das du jhm mit geschrenckten henden die kurtze schneid wol über oder neben seinem Schwerdt zum Kopff schlagest / fehret er aber mit seinem Schwerdt übersich gegen seiner Rechten / so laß die halb schneide neben derselbigen ablauffen / und trit under des wol gegen seiner Lincken / zur seiten aus / unnd hauwe mit Langer schneid gerad von Oben zu seinem Kopff / zuch aber behend wider übersich / und schlage mit einer Zwirch von Unden zu seinem Lincken ohr mit einem abtrit deines Lincken fus / als dann hauwe dich von jhm ab / rc.
	The Fourth Part Mark in Pre-Fencing when you have come to hold your sword high above in the guard of the Roof to beware that he not then rush to strike, so that you can stay in the Before, cross your hands over your head, (the right over the left) so that it appears as if you would stab to his face, step under this toward him with your right foot and twitch your sword then to your left over your head and strike him thus with the short edge through a crafty traverse from your right to his left ear, twitch nimbly back off again and drive against his lower right opening with a long traverse, let it not stay but twitch above you again in the same flight and let the third flow off deep to his left ear with the short edge, and slash the short edge again with crossed hands into to his right ear, as soon as this hits, step back with the left foot and strike with the long edge from below to his left arm to be as shown by the figure fighting against the right in the left background of illustration G above, mark here when you step off in this Understrike if he would strike to your lower left opening, then step to him with your left foot and fall with crossed hands and the short edge onto his sword, strike him thus an Understrike as shown in the other figure fighting against the right in the just considered picture. Now mark further just as he then pulls his sword over himself again, then pull your sword with crossed hands full to your left and, just as he slashes again, take his oncoming strike from your left against his right with your outward flat, high traverse out strongly so that your sword flies overhead in full flight and your hands cross over each other in the air while your sword flies, then step full against his right, but still keep your hands high and let the half edge flow off in a twitch near his right ear (as this hits or grazes), and just then strike long with an off step. I have described this part in particular as still many good moves can be taken and be fought from here, therefore you should learn not just this alone, but think forward with diligence. Thus I will describe yet another part with a different start.	Das vierde stuck. MErck wann du also im zufechten mit deinem Schwerdt in die höhe komest / in die Hut des Tags / und wirst aldo gewahr das er dir nicht so eilends zuhauwet / also das du dein stuck im Vor wol anfangen kanst / so verschrencke deine hend ob deinem Kopff / (die Recht uber die Linck) also das es scheinet als woltestu im zu seinem gesichte stechen / trit under des mit deinem Rechten fus zu jhm / und zuck dein Schwerdt gleich mit / gegen deiner Lincken umb deinen Kopff / und hauwe jhm also von deiner Rechten mit kurtzer schneide durch ein Zwirch / krefftiglich zu seinem Lincken ohr / zuck behend wider ab zu ruck / und trauwe jhm mit langer Zwirch gegen seiner Rechten undern Blöß / laß aber nicht rühren / sonder verzuck in dem selbigen flug dein schwerdt wider ubersich / und laß zum dritten die kurtze schneid dieff gegen seinem Lincken ohr ablauffen / und schlage jhm demnoch mit geschrenckten henden die kurtz schneid zu seinem Rechten ohr dieff hinein / als bald solches trifft / so trit mit dem Lincken fuß zu ruck unnd [XXXIIIrv] Hauwe mit Langer schneide von Unden gegen seinem Lincken arm / so stehestu wie das Bild zur Lincken an der kleinern obern bossen gegen der Rechten handt / in der Figur G. anzeigt / hie mercke wann dir im abtretten ein solcher Underhauw nach deiner Lincken undern Blösse gehauwen würde / so trit mit dem Lincken fuß zu jhm / unnd fall jm mit geschrenckten henden und kurtzer schneide auff sein Schwerdt / steck jhm also den Underhauw wie solchs an dem andern Bild in obgedachten bossen gegen der Rechten handt zu sehen / Unnd merck weiter / in dem er als dann sein Schwerdt wider zu jhm ubersich zeucht / so rucke dein Schwerdt also mit kreutzigten henden vollen gegen deiner Lincken / und in dem er wider herschlecht / so nime jhm denselbigen herfliegenden Hauw mit deiner auswendiger flech / von deiner Lincken gegen seiner Rechten / überzwerch starck aus / also das dein Schwerdt oberhalb dem Kopff in vollem flug wider umbfliege / und das sich deine hend in der lufft wider ubereinander schrencken dieweil aber dein Schwerdt also Oben umbfleuget / so trit wol gegen seiner Rechten / bleib aber gleichwol mit den henden hoch / und laß die halb schneide durch ein Zürck neben seinem Rechten or (doch das dieselbige treffen oder anschürpffe) ablauffen / hauwe als dann mit einem abtrit lang nach / Diß stuck hab ich darumb so eigentlich beschriben dieweil sonst vil guter stuck hieraus genomen und gefochten können werden / derhalben magstu es nich allein sol lernen / sonder dem auch ferner fleissig nach dencken. Wie ich dir dan auf dise art noch ein stuck mit einem andern anfang setzen will / also.
	A Second In the pre-fencing when you come into the Roof or High Guard, then let your blade sink down in front of you, as before, to your left side, and twitch over your head, step and strike a high traversing Middle Strike with the long edge against his left to his neck or throat, as soon as he withdraws, then twitch again over the head, and strike a second high Middle Strike traversing from your left against his right, again at his throat, as soon as it glides then strike the third, a high strike with the long edge direct from above. These three strikes shall go from one to another in a nimble flight. If you want more room then raise your pommel above to your left side, twitch thus overhead, and take your flat or short edge near your left from below through to his right against your right in a wrench out above him, so that your blade again flies over in the air, and strike with the half edge from above down with crossed hands feinting over near his right ear, you can reach further with the short edge by stepping ahead, thus let it engage and strike a strong wrath strike to his left side and following strike away from him. This is indeed a serious and strong sequence in that, since you have the Before, he can only defend.	Ein anders. IM zufechten so du in Tag oder Oberhut kommest / so laß die klingen vor dir undersich sincken wie vor / gegen deiner Lincken seiten / und zuck umb dein Kopff / trit unnd hauw einen uberzwerchen Mittelhauw / mit Langer schneid gegen seiner Lincken / zu seinem halß oder schlaff / als bald er riert / so zuck wider umb den Kopff / und hauw den andern auch ein Mittelhauw uberzwerch von deiner Lincken gegen seiner rechten / auch dem halß zu / so bald es glützt so hauw den dritten ein hohen streich mit Langer schneid gerad von Oben / Diese drey Häuw aber sollen in einem flug bhendt auff einander gohn / Mag dir denn mehr blatz werden so erhebe dein Knopff gegen deiner Lincken ubersich / zuck also umb den Kopff / und nim mit der flech oder kurtzer schneid / neben deiner Lincken von unden durch sein Rechte / gegen deiner Rechten in einem riss ubersich aus / das dein kling in den lufft wider umbflie[XXXIIIv]ge / und hauwe mit halber schneid von Oben nider mit geschrenckten henden neben seinem Rechten ohr füruber fehl / weiter kanstu jhn dann mit der kurtzen schneiden im füruber lauffen erreichen / so laß treffen / unnd hauw ein starcken Zornhauw zu seiner Lincken seiten nach / unnd hauw dich folgend von jhm wegk / Diß ist zwar ein fast ernsthaft und starck stuck / das dir keiner bald so du das Vor hast / wirt wehren können.
	Breaking the Roof Stance or Guard If you are aware that after striking outward one can, in a little flight up over the head, stay in the Guard of the Roof, then come in the pre-fencing into the Guard of the Key, from there raise both hands thus crosswise over your head, and at the same time step to him with your right foot, and while stepping strike with the short edge near your right thigh strongly from below through your opponent’s Vertex line up above you, so that the sword is above your head, flying off with an upstrike from your left to your right, keep your hands high in the displacement, just as it connects then step nimbly with your right foot to his left and strike with the short edge in a swing to his left ear. From there upstrike twice with a walk, follow the slash with a traverse to his right ear, and just then step at the same time with your right foot backward to your left, thus the Traverse goes deeper. When this happens you can strike as soon as he does.	Bruch auff das Leger oder Hut im tag. Wirstu gewar das einer gern nach dem auffstreichen uber dem Haupt / ein wenig pflegt in der Hut des Tags zu verhauren / so kom im zufechten in die Hut des Schlüssels / von dannen erhebe beide hend also kreutzweiß uber dein Haupt / und trit zugleich mit dem Rechten fuß zu jhm / und im trit streich mit kurtzer schneid neben deinem Rechten schenckel durch des Mans scheidel Lini / starck von Unden auff übersich durch / also das das schwert oberhalb deinem Haupt / widerumb von deiner Lincken zu seiner Rechten zu einem Underhauw verfliege / bleibe demnach mit den henden hoch in der versatzung / in dem es rürt so trit behend mit dem Rechten fuß zu seiner Lincken / und hauw mit kurtzer schneid dieff zu seinem Lincken ohr in einem schwung hinein / von dannen hauwe in einem lauff zwen Underhäuw / folgends schlag mit einem Zwirchhauw zu seinem Rechten ohr / und trit In des zugleich mit deinem Rechten fuß hinder deinen Lincken zurück / so gehet die Zwirch desto dieffer / wann denn solches beschehen / so kanstu dich als bald von jhm hauwen.
	Or if he comes ahead to you going high, then pay attention then if he will go to the low guard, then follow him nimbly with two strong understrikes from both sides out of whatever guard or stance suits you, just as long as you strike nimbly from below. One to the other with the half edge in a nimble walk from both sides deep to the head, after this bind nimbly into his blade, if he goes off then follow after. If he stays then wind, wrench out and make your work onward to the next.	Oder kompt dir einer für der bald hoch auffgehet / so hab acht in dem er aus der undern Huten auffgehet / so folg jhm mit zweyen starcken Underhäuwen von beiden seiten behendt nach / aus was Huten oder Leger du willst / als bald hauw behend von Unden. Zum andern mit halber schneid behend in einem lauff von beiden seiten dieff zum Kopff / nach solchem binde jhm behend wider an sein klingen / geht er ab / so folge nach / bleibt er so Winde / reiß auß / und was dir für arbeit am nechsten werden mag.
	Wrath Guard When at the onset you come into the Wrath Guard, then step as soon as you can reach him and strike a quick Wrath Strike, which he must defend from, to his left ear. Nimbly follow the strike over with an Under Strike against his lower right opening, thus you have now attacked. Under this as and when he is reached for work and the arms show he will strike, then fall low with your sword onto his arm and behind his charge so that he can not come to work, as he will then not be able to rightly defend from this, then thrust to him with an incomplete shove from yourself, that he likewise shows that he would fall, and meanwhile slash to the next opening that you know you have, but if he reaches this and strikes you off, then be there again with the cut or displacement, and fall against his strike on the blade, if he goes off the blade again, then cut him on the arm again, but if he stays on your sword then thrust his sword aside with your hilt and nimbly let your sword fly again to the next opening and swing to him after your need. Thus now you shall fight with all elements of the sword to the body, and from the body to the sword, but where he would twitch or flow off from you, then always use the cut for help, and where you can’t cut, then there can be no useful fencing, but where you can do it rightly, then swing to him as you will. He who can break the cut himself, you will find less, but he who cannot rightly lead the cut will soon be broken.	[XXXIIIIrv] Zornhut. KOmpstu im zugang in die Zornhut / so trit als bald du jhn erlangen kanst / unnd hauw zu seinem Lincken ohr / ein geschwinden Zornhauw / welches er dann wehren mus / folgend hauw behend gegen uber zu seiner Rechten undern Blöß ein Underhauw / also hastu nun angriffen / under des ehe und dann er sich erholt zu arbeiten / und die Arm zum streich ansich zeucht / so fall jhm mit dem Schwerdt unden an sein arm / und hindere jhm also seinen lauff das er nicht arbeiten kann / ehe denn er aber dis recht gewahr wirt / so stoß jhn mit einem unversehenen ruck von dir / das er gleich dummelt als wolt er fallen / unnd schlag jhn dieweil zur nechsten Blös / die du denn gewiß hast / erholt er sich aber und hauwet auff dich her / so sey du mit dem absatz oder Schnit wider da / und fall jhm gegen seinem streich an die kling / gehet er wider von der klingen ab / so schneidestu jhm wider auff die arm / bleibt er aber an deinem Schwerdt / so stoß jhm sein Schwerdt mit deinem schildt beyseits aus / und laß dein Schwerdt behendt wider der nechsten Blös zufliegen / und von dannen behendt wider an sein Schwerdt / will er das Schwert nicht fangen lassen / so volg mit deinem Schwerdt aber nach auff seine Arm / damit zwingstu jhn nach deinem gefallen / Also soltu nun in allen stucken vom Schwerdt zum leib / und von dem leib zum Schwerdt / aber wo er dir zucken oder verfliegen wolt / so nim den Schnit alweg zuhilff / denn wer den Schnit nit kann / wirt das auch mit nutz nicht Fechten / wo du jhn aber recht machen kanst / so zwingestu jhn wie du wilt / es were dann das er den Schnit selbst brechen könde / deren wirstu wenig finden / wer aber den Schnit nit recht führen kann dem ist er bald gebrochen.
	If you stand in the right Wrath stance and your opponent strikes from his right to your left, then with a step of your right foot drive with displacement under his blade and over your head, and catch his strike on your flat with your thumb underneath, and the blade hanging below you somewhat to the ground, but as soon as in glides then step with the left foot to his right side, and wind the short edge under his sword inward to his head, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration L. When you have wound, then hold your sword with the short edge on his, and wrench the sword out following against your right above you, as shown by the small middle figures in illustration F, thus that your hands complete the wrench high in the air and crossed over, and slash in (keeping your hands high) with an inwinding flat to his lower right opening, as soon as he swipes against it in displacement, then don’t pull but twitch high again and strike a glide strike to his left ear, but in this strike let the blade swing in deep over your hands and fence quickly away from him.	Stehestu im rechten Zornleger / und hauwet dein widerpart von seiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken auff dich zu / so fahr mit verschieben under sein kling uber dein Haupt / und fang sein Hauw auff dein flech / das dein Daumen unden standt / unnd die kling neben deiner Lincken etwas gegen der erden undersich hang / mit einem zutrit deines Rechten fuß / in dem es aber glützt / so trit mit dem Lincken fuß auff sein rechte seiten / unnd windt jhm die kurtze schneid under sein Schwerdt einwerts zum Kopff / wie die kleinen mitlern bossen in der Figur L. anzeigen wenn du nun gewunden / so behalt dein Schwerdt mit kurtzer an dem seinen / und reiß folgents mit dem Schwert gegen deiner Rechten ubersich auß / wie dich solches die mitlern kleinen Bidler in der Figur F. lehren / also das [XXXVr] sich dein hend noch ende des risses in der lufft verschrecken / schlag jn (doch das dein hendt in der höh bleiben) mit inwendiger flech / zu seiner rechten undern Blös / als bald er jhm aber nachwischet zur versatzung / so laß nit rühren / sonder zuck wider ubersich / und hauw ein glützhauw zu seinem Lincken ohr / in solchem streich aber laß die kling uber dein hand dieff ein schwingen / und ficht dich also mit geschwindigkeit von jhm wegk.
	If your counterpart strikes to you from above, then step and strike to him from your right with a high traversing Middle Strike, thus also through and away from his long edge strike in flight so that your blade flies over with the half edge against his left ear but, as soon as you near it, flow off and twitch over your head from your right to your left, step and slash him with an inverted flat from your left to his right ear, high traversing through the middle line shown on the larger figure on the right of illustration A.	Hauwet dein gegentheil von Oben auff dich / so trit und hauw jhm von deiner Rechten / mit einem uberzwerchen Mittelhauw seinen herfliegenden streich mit langer schneid von dir wegk auch durch / das dir dein klinge wider umbfliege mit halber schneide gegen seinem lincken Ohr / neben demselbigen las abermals ablauffen / unnd zuck als bald von deiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken wider umb dein Haupt / trit unnd schlag jhm mit ebicher letzer flech von deiner Lincken zu seinem Rechten ohr / uberzwerch durch die Mittellinien / wie solche an dem grossern Bidld in der Figur A. zur rechten Handt zu sehen.
	If it happens that he would not strike, then place yourself into the right Wrath stance and drive over your forward thigh thus: Stay standing with your left foot planted and strike seriously from your right over your left leg into the left Changer, from there travel over yourself again with the short edge through the strike line which you just travelled through from above so that your sword comes to your right shoulder again. Do this then once or thrice and, at the last when you see your opportunity, then drive the short edge in a move from your left above in the air over yourself and let it snap over thus into an upstrike to his lower right opening with your third step, and as this is then pulled right, then slash a deep one again with the short edge over your hand to his left ear, in this let your pommel snap full upward, thus letting it go deeper, then twitch over again and drive a strike to his lower right opening with two forward steps, and then as such is pulled right, then slash again over your hand with the short edge to his left ear, in this let your pommel snap upward thus making it go deeper, twitch over again and drive a strike to his right, yet still soon traverse again to his left with a back step and then pull out.	Im fall er aber nit hauwen wolt / so stelle dich in rechten Zorn / treib uber dein fürgesetzten schenckel also / Bleib mit deim lincken Fuß stehen / und hauwe von deienr Rechten schlims uber dein Linck bein in den lincken Wechsel / von dannen reiß mit kurtzer schneid wider ubersich durch die streich Linie / durch welche du von Oben her gehauwen hast / das dein Schwerdt wider an dein rechte Achsel komme / das thu denn ein mal oder drey / unnd zum letzten wann du dein gelegenheit ersehen / so fahr mit kurtzer schneid in einem riß von deiner Lincken Oben ubersich in die lufft / und laß also uber dein Haupt in der lufft zu einem Underhauw nach seiner rechten undern Blös umbschnappen mit einem zwifachen zutrit / und ehe dann solches recht griert / so schlag wider mit kurtzer schneid uber dein handt zu seinem Lincken ohr dieff ein / laß in solchem dein Knopff wol ubersich schnappen / so gehet es desto dieffer / zuck denn wider umb / und trauwe jhm zur Rechten ein Hauw / jedoch Zwirch bald wider mit einem abtrit zu seiner Lincken / und ziehe denn ab.
	In the pre-fencing strike into the the right Wrath and, as soon as your opponent goes off, then raise your hands high over your head and let your point shoot forward toward his face as if you would stab, but twitch off again and slash with inverted hands or reversed flat from your lower right out to his left ear or arm together with a retreating step. If he then strikes from above at the same time as you, then nimbly twitch over after the swords meet and slash diagonally deep to his upper right opening with an inward flat so that your hands become crossed, yet then pull out to yourself again as if you would strike to his left but don’t, rather twitch off again without engaging and strike thus with the short edge in a circle to his right ear so that the short edge grazes his ear. During this keep your hands high above you and step around with the circle then step back and strike a direct vertex strike to his head, then twitch nimbly upward again with a high traversing cross. That is, come over your head into the Crown, from there traverse to both sides, the first on the right with the long edge, the other to the left with the short edge, keeping your thumb always under the ricasso, and pull off.	Im zufechen verhauw dich in rechten Zorn / unnd so bald dein gegenfechter auffgehet / so erheb dein hend in die höh uber dein Haupt / unnd las jhm den vordern ort gegen seinem gesicht schiessen / als woltestu stechen / zuck aber wider an dich / und schlag mit ebichter handt oder auswendiger flech / sampt einem abtrit von deiner Rechten unden auff zu seinem lincken ohr oder arm / Hauwet er dann zugleich von Oben mit dir ein / so zuck behend nach dem die Scherdt getroffen wider umb / und schlag mit inwendiger flech / das dein hend kreutzweis kommen / ubereck zu seiner Rechten obern Blös dieff hinein / als denn ziehe wider an dich / als wollestu zu seiner Lincken hauwen / [XXXVv] thu es aber nit / sonder zuck ungetroffen wider ab / unnd hauw also mit kurtzer schneid in einem Zirckel zu seinem rechten ohr / das die kurtze schneide an seinem ohr schürpffe / und dein hend under des hoch uber deinem Haupte bleiben / aber in dem der Zirckel umblaufft / so trit zu ruck und hauw ein geraden Scheidelhauw zu seinem Kopff / zuck den behend wider ubersich mit uberzwerchem kreutz / das ist / komm mit der Kron uber dein Haupt / von dannen Zwirch zu beiden seiten / den ersten zur Rechten mit langer schneid / den andern zur Lincken mit kurtzer schneid / das dein Daumen alweg unden auff deinem schildt bleib / und zeich ab.
	Rule When you stand in the Right or Left Wrath, and one strikes to you from below committing to your right or left opening, then strike high outward with the long edge and, just as it engages, then shoot the point on his sword inward to his face, just then drive off with your hands and work to the next opening with elements of going before or after.	Regel. WEnn du im Rechten oder Lincken Zorn stehest / und einer dir von unden eintweder zur rechten oder lincken Blöß zuhauwet / so hauw mit Langer schneid Oben darauff / und in dem es trifft so schieß jhm den ort auff seinem Schwerdt hinein zum gesicht / fahr in des auff mit den henden / und arbeit zu der nechsten Blöß / mit vor oder nach gehenden stucken.
	Left Wrath Stance When at the onset you come into the Left Wrath stance, then drive over the right thigh, as above with the left, one strike, two, three, yet then step and strike from your low left out strongly through your right upward, so that your sword flies over in the air in an upstrike toward your right, then twitch over your head and strike a strong traverse to his left ear, onward quickly crosswise and high traverse to all four openings: to his left over the hand, be it high or low, that is reversed or inverted with the hand, and on his right with an inward flat, that is under the hand.	Lincke Zornhut. KUmmestu im zugang in die Lincke Zornhut / so treib uber den rechten Schenckel / wie doben uber den Lincken / ein Hauw zwen drey / als dann tritt und hauw von deiner Lincken undne auff durch sein Rechte / starck ubersich durch / das dein Schwerdt in der lufft wider zu einem Underhauw wider umbfliege / gegen seiner Rechten / zuck als dann umb den Kopff / unnd hauw ein starcken Zwirchhauw zu seinem Lincken ohr / schnell fürder kreutzweis unnd uberzwerch zu allen vier Blössen / auf seiner Lincken uber die hand / es sei Unden oder Oben / das ist mit ebichter oder letzer handt / und auff sein Rechte mit inwendiger flech / das ist under der handt.
	With the Ox I hope you have taken and judged how you will apply your strikes and elements against your opponent’s four openings with sufficient guidance from the parts taught up to now, also how at times how you should apply a wind, cut, note the flowing off, circle, and flying off with stepping, which are not counted alone as such from this, indeed pre-fencing from all other stances shall also be understood. So now, because the Ox is an especially good stance to engage your opponent, I will give a short lesson and rules on how you shall engage your opponent in the Before, rush, and force displacement from it.	[XXXVIr] Der Ochs mit. AUß disen bißher gelerten stucken / hoffe ich du habest genugsame anleitung / und bericht zu nemmen / wie du deine häuw und stuck gegen des Manns vier Blössen anschicken / auch wie du bißweilen ein winden / Schnit / Item ein Ablauffen / Zirckel und ein verfliegen damit lauffen lassen solt / welches aber nicht allein auß disen in welchen solches erzelt / sonder sol auch von allen andern Legern den mehrertheil zufechten verstanden werden. Derwegen dieweil der Ochs ein sonderlich gut Leger dein widerpart anzugreiffen / will ich in disem / wie du den Mann im Vor angreiffen / ubereilen / und dir zuversetzen zwingen solt / ein kurtze lehr und regel geben
	And mark now the first, that you have four available attacks from either side, driven forth through the four leading lines as was explained and made apparent in the initial chapter, the lines being the correct paths for all strikes which would be driven and struck from you to your opponent.	Und merck für das erste / das du von einer jeden seiten vier fürnemer angrif hast / nach außweisung der vier Haupt linien / wie solches anfangs des Capitels augenscheinlich zusehen fürgestelt / welche Lini sein die rechten strassen aller Häuw so von dir gegen deinem gegenfechter geführet und gehauwen werden.
	The first of two is when you approach against your opponent with the Plunge Strike, which plunges as you hold your point toward him, and hold it steady (as was taught above) so that your thrust is obviously indicated, from which as soon as you can reach your opponent to attack, be it from below or above, wrathful or high traverse, as is shown through the lines, you will now attack through them from one side striking either high traverse or diagonally against him, be it with long or short edge or with the flat. This you bring on forcefully and nimbly Before him, and must force unto him so that he can not come to other work without your leave, then if he would soon try to work against you, then you will already be at his throat with travelling after, cuts, hits, and similar work following, with which you let no work be accomplished, thus now from this lesson’s elementary basis, an example of how to judge this in both attacking and travelling after will be given:	Derhalben wann du mit dem Sturtzhauw gegen deinem Mann zugehst / welcher Sturtz so du also den ort gegen dem Mann haltest und still heltest der (wie oben gelehrt) von wegen seines zeigenden stoß genant wirt / aus welchem du nun so bald dein gegen fechter erlangen / angreiffen kanst / es sey von Under oder Oben / schlims oder uberzwerch / wie solches die Lini zugegen anzeigen / zu welcher Lini du nun von einer seiten angreiffest / gegen derselbigen soltu auch uberzwerch oder ubereck dargegen Hauwen / es sey mit Langer oder halber schneide / oder mit der flech / So du sie jhm Vor gewaltig und behend volbringest / zwingest du jhn das er dir andere arbeit ohn sein danck auch zulassen mus / dann ob er schon dargegen zufechten sich arbeitet / so bistu jhm doch schon auff dem hals / mit nachreisen / schneiden / trucken und dergleichen nach zufolgen / damit du jhn zu keiner volkommenen arbeit kommen lassest / also seind auch bißher gelehrte stuck auff disen grund / beide im angreiffen und im nachfechten gerichtet / Exempel.
	In the pre-fencing when you have come into the guard of the Ox through a plunge, then strike (as soon as you can reach him) a serious and forceful Wrath Strike from your right to his left ear with a long right foot step, as soon as the strike touches or hits, then almost twitch off again and strike over against his left arm, also with the long edge, but with this strike step with your left foot to his right and take your head out to the side behind your blade, just then he may be ready either to strike or otherwise with his sword stretched out ahead to displace, so at first let your blade hang behind you from your right arm, and meanwhile twitch your grip over your head to your right and take his blade (he is stretched out from striking or displacing) with your long edge or flat and strongly and forcefully high traverse out from your right to his left so that you break out fully with your blade, and in this outward stride let your blade fly above again in a traverse over your head against his left ear, from there twitch your sword over your head again and strike a strong strike swinging in to his right ear with the flat outward, in a flat strike as shown by the larger figure on the right hand side of illustration K, also mark diligently that you step fully out with the left foot to his right side in this strike, from this flatstrike or Bounce Strike twitch your sword high over your head, keeping your hands high, and let the blade fly over with the long edge to his right arm, and yet don’t impact, but traverse nimbly to his left ear while stepping back with the right foot, and sign off. This play, when you have arranged it thus, gives you thus the cut held (as taught above) in reserve, with which you can make more room, either in fencing the full play, or onward in taking another part.	Wann du im zufechten durch den Sturtz in die Hut des Ochsens kommest / so hauwe (als bald du jhn erlangen kanst) einen gewaltigen Zornhauw von deiner Rechten schlims gegen seinem Lincken ohr / mit einem weiten zutrit deines Rechten fußes / als bald der Hauw immer rühret oder trifft / so bald zucke wider umb und hauwe dar[XXXVIv]gegen uber zu seinem lincken Arm / auch mit Langer schneide / zu solchem Hauw aber trit wol mit deinem Lincken gegen seiner Rechten / und nim dein Kopff wol mit beiseits aus / hinder dein klingen / in dem wirt er villeicht fertig sein / eintweders zuhauwen oder sonst sein Schwerdt fürsich ausstrecken zu versetzen / Derhalben so laß dein klingen von seinem rechten Arm hinder dir abhangen / und zucke dieweil gleichwol dein Heft umb dein Kopff gegen deiner Rechten / und nime jhm sein klingen (er führe die im herhauwen / oder zu versatzung ausgestreckt) mit deiner Langen schneide oder flech / gewaltig und starck von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken uberzwerch aus / also das du mit deiner klingen gantz durch brechest / unnd laß also dein klingen in solchem außnehmenden lauff / in einem flug mit einer Zwirch wider Oben umb deinen Kopff gegen seinem lincken ohr fliegen / von dannen zuck dein Schwerdt wider umb dein Kopff / und hauwe mit außwendiger fleche / einen starcken eingeschwungenen streich / außwendig zu seinem rechten ohr / Wie du solchen flechstreich an dem grossern Bild zur Rechten hand in der Figur K. fürgemalt sihest / auch merck fleissig das du mit dem lincken Fuß in solchem streich wol auß / auff sein rechte seiten trettest / von solchen flechstreich oder Brellhauw zucke dein Schwerdt hoch über dein Kopff / behalt also die hendt in solcher höhe / und laß die klingen umbfliegen mit Langer schneid zu seinem rechten Arm / und doch nicht rühren / sonder Zwirch behendt mit einem abtrit deines rechten Fuß / gegen seinem lincken Ohr / und zeich ab. Dises stuck wann es dir schon gesteckt würde / so hast du doch (wie oben gelehrt) den Schnit im vorraht / mit welchem du dir wider blatz machen kanst / eintweder das stuck vollen auß zufechten / oder ein ander stuck für zu nehmen.
	Note that in the onset when you can reach your opponent from the Ox, as was just taught, then twitch your sword over your head and slash a strong and well aimed high traverse from your right with the flat outward to his left ear, yet from there twitch over your head and slash with an outward flat from the other side, also high traversing here. After these two strikes fence to what you think is a good opportunity. Thus you can always attack crosswise and against each other, which also leads out of fencing.	Item wann du deinen gegenman auß dem Ochssen im zugang wie jetzt gelehrt / erlangen kanst / so zuck dein Schwerdt umb dein Kopff / und schlage mit außwendiger flech von deiner Rechten / starck und gerichts uberzwerch zu seinem Lincken ohr / von dannen zuck abermal behendiglich umb dein Kopff / und schlage mit außwendiger flech von der andern seiten / auch uberzwerch her gegen / nach disen zweyen Häuwen ficht nach gelegenheit was dich gut dunckt. Also kanstu alwegen kreutzweiß und gegen einander angreiffen / wie auch fürter auß fechten.
	At times you can also, as opportunity allows, attack seriously from one side high traversing to the other, and this on one side somewhat with the long edge, on the other with the short edge or flat. At the last thus also mark where one would be rushed in this guard, so that you cannot bring any element into the before, then shoot forward just then into his face with a step forward in the long point, and in this shooting forward turn the long edge against his oncoming strike and, as soon as you engage, wind on his sword to the next opening.	Auch kanstu bißweilen wann es die gelegenheit gibt / von einer seiten schlims / von der andern uberzwerch angreiffen / und das an einer seiten etwan mit langer / von der andern mit kurtzer oder flech dargegen. Zum letsten so merck auch wo dich einer in dieser Hut ubereilen würde / also das du zu keinem stuck im Vor kommen kanst / so schiesse jm den vordern ort in sein gesicht / mit einem zutrit in das Lang ort / und in solchem fürtschieben so wende die Lange schneid gegen seinem herfliegenden Haw / als bald du den entpfangen / so winde an sein schwert der nechsten Blöß zu.
	Unicorn Note, come into the pre-fencing with your left foot forward and strike upward from your right with the short edge, one time, twice, through in front of your face, and the third time stay in the long point with your sword thus stretched out in front of you, turn the long edge above you toward your right so that your pommel goes through under your right arm and your hands cross over one another, drive thus upward with crossed hands, thus you stand in the Unicorn, as was told of before, from then strike ahead (seeing that your left foot stays forward) with two consecutive upstrikes, the first from your right, the other from your left, both hard upward near his body so that in the second upstrike your hands cross over again as before. Drive thus nimbly upward flying off again into the Unicorn, raise your left foot somewhat up, then soon set it quickly down again, with such faking and displays you pull him in so that he then strikes to your left opening, yet just as he strikes then let your blade sink down in front of you, and then twitch your sword over your head, strike thus with the long edge high traversing from your right (with an advancing step of the same foot) against his oncoming strike, such that you catch his strike in the high traverse on the strong of your sword, as soon as the swords glide together, then burst with your right foot still forward against his left side, and raise your sword above you rushing a bit from his blade. Yet while you (as was told) drive a bit above you, then thrust your pommel through under your right arm so that your hands become crossed, quickly and nimbly with an inward flat oe short edge (with the next intended step out to his left) behind his sword to his head, as the small figures on the left side of illustration C show, you thus expose your left opening, he will rush to do the same, thus do no more then pull your pommel out from under your right arm again, and wind your sword into the long point so that your long edge turns to stand against his blade, thus you stand in direct displacement, as is shown by the other smaller figures in the same illustration,	[XXXVIIv] Einhorn. ITem im zufechten kome mit deinem lincken Fus vor / und streich mit kurtzer schneide von deiner Rechten ubersicht / ein mal zwey durch sein gesicht / unnd das dritemal bleib in dem Langenort / mit deinem Schwerdt vor dir außgestreckt aldo / wende die Lange schneid ubersich gegen deiner Rechten / also das dein Knopff under deinem rechten Arm durch / und dein hendt kreutzweis uber einander kommen / fahre also mit geschrenckten henden ubersich / so stehestu wie hievor vom Einhorn gesagt / von dannen hauwe ferner (doch das dein lincker Fuß alzeit vor bleibe) zwen Underhäuw zusamen / den ersten von deiner Rechten / den andern von deiner Lincken alle beide hart neben deinem leib ubersicht / also das deine hend mit dem andern Underhauw wider kreutzsweis wie vor kommen / Fahr also behend ubersich wider in das Einhorn / mit sochem auffliegen / erhebe deinen lincken Fus etwas ubersich / doch setze den bald wider nider / mit solchen geberden und Ceremonien reitzestu jn / das er dester ehe deiner lincken Blöß zuhauwet / in dem er aber herhauwet / so laß dein klinge vor dir undersich sincken / und zuck gleich mit deinem schwert umb dein Kopff / hauwe also mit Langer schneid uberzwerch von deiner Rechten (mit einem zutrit desselben fus) gegen seinem herkommenen streich / also das du jhm sein streich auff die sterck deiner klingen von uberzwerch auffangest / als bald die Schwerdter zusamen glützen / so spring mit deinem rechten Fuß noch ferner gegen seiner lincken umb / und erhebe dein Schwerdt eilents ein wenig ubersich von seiner klingen / Dieweil du aber (wie gemelt) ein wenig ubersich fahrest / so stoß under des dein Schwerdts knopff under deinem rechten Arm durch / das dein hend kreutzweiß kommen / schnell aslo behendiglich mit der inwendigen flech oder kurtzer schneid (mit nechst gemeltem austrit gegen seiner Lincken) hidner seinem Schwerdt auff seinem Kopff / wie an den kleinern bossen zur Lincken hand in der Figur C. zusehen / damit Blössestu deine Lincke seiten / will er derselbigen zu eilen / so thu nit mehr dann ziehe deinen Knopff under deinem rechten Arm wider herfür / und verwende dein Schwerdt in das Langort das die Lange schneid gegen seiner klingen gekehrt stand / so stehestu in gerader versatzung / wie solches die andern kleinern Bilder zur Rechten in gedachter Figur außweisen /
	or when you have crossed the half edge inward toward his head with crossed hands, so that you have given an opening on your left side, if he rushes (as described before) to fence the same way, then keep your hands crossed, pull your head full to the right, and shoot to him with your blade fully over his, the closer to his hilt the better, thus wrench his blade out to your left, as is shown by the small figures on the right hand side of illustration D, and, when this wrench out comes near your left side, drive out with your hands and slash over them with the hald edge deep to his left ear, after which you come nimbly with your long edge onto his sword after pulling out at your pleasure.	oder wann du jhn also mit geschrenckten henden die halb schneide einwerts gegen seinem Kopff geschrenckt hast / damit du dann dein lincke seiten bloß geben / ficht er dann (wie vor gemelt) derselbigen eilents zu / so behalt deine hendt also kreutzweis / und entziehe jhm dein Kopff wol gegen deiner Rechten / und schiesse jhm mit deiner klingen wol uber die seine / jhe neher bey seinem Schilt jhe [XXXVIIIr] besser / reisse jhm also sein klingen gegen deiner Lincken auß / wie du in der Figur so mit dem D. verzeichnet / in den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand sihest / und wann du mit solchem ausreissen nahet zu deiner Lincken kommest / so fahr mit den henden auff und schlag mit halber schneide uber dein hand / wider zu seinem lincken ohr dieff hinein / nach solchem komme jhm behend mit Langer schneid wider an sein Schwerdt / so stehestu im Langen ort demnach ziehe ab nach deinem gefallen.
	Or when you thus come to be in the Unicorn in front of your opponent, then mark Just As he strikes from above to let your blade drive over your head and bind on his sword from your right high traversing to your left and, as soon as he goes off above from this, then let your blade snap over again so that your right hand comes over your left and fall forward to his arms with the short edge and crossed hands while he is still driving off, as is shown by the outermost figures on the right hand of illustration I, then thrust away forcefully out from your left side with your hilt and strike nimbly when he shows his next opening, or follow after him until you can have your advantage.	Oder wann du also vor deinem gegenman in das Einhorn komen bist / so merck in dem er herhauwet von Oben / so laß deine klingen umb deinen Kopff verfahren / und bind jhm von deiner Rechten uberzwerch gegen seiner Lincken an sein Schwerdt / und als bald er von dem selbigen ubersich abgeht / so laß dein klingen wider umb schnappen / also das dein Rechte hand uber die Lincke komme / und fall jhm mit kurtzer schneid und geschrenckten henden dieweil er noch also im auffahren ist / vornen für die Arm / wie an dem eussersten kleinen Bild in der Figur mit dem I. verzeichnet gegen der Rechten hand sehen kanst / stoß in also mit deinem Schilt gewaltig von dir gegen deiner Lincken zur seiten aus / und hauwe behend dieweil er dummelt der nechsten Blöß zu / oder hal jn also mit nach folgen auff / biß du deinen vortheil haben kanst.
	Note when you have flown out to both sides and come into the Unicorn above you, if your opponent then strikes from his right to the left of your head, then step with your right foot toward his left well away from his strike, and then drop onto the strong of his sword (such that your hands stay crosswise) with the short edge above. This requires an offstep every time which shall be completed at the same time as his oncoming strike, and just as the swords glide together in this way, just then let the short edge snap off again up from his sword, and hit him with it over his hands to his head, after this strike with the long edge and an outstep. From this Unicorn you can also fence and attack rightly and well with the understrike and the thwart, as many good plays shall also go onward similarly when you consider it afterward.	Item wann du also zu beiden seiten auff geflüglet / unnd in die höh zum Einhorn ankommen bist / hauwet er dein widerpart als dann von seiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken zum Kopff / so trit abermal mit deinem rechten Fuß gegen seiner Lincken wol auß seinem streich / und falle jhm also (doch das deine hend kreutzweiß bleiben) mit kurtzer schneide Oben auff die sterck seines Schwerdts / Ddieseraufffall sampt gemeltem außtrit / sollen mit einander zugleich gegen seiner herfliegenden klingen volbracht werden / und in dem die Schwerdter auff solche weiß zusamen glützen / als bald laß die kurtze schneide wider von seinem Schwerdt ab umbschnappen / und schlag jn mit solcher uber die hand auff sein Kopff / oder brich mit solchem aufffallen / gegen deiner Lincken undersich durch / und zucke demnach dein hefft wider ubersich umb dein Kopff / hauwe mit einem außtrit mit Langer schneide nach. Auß disem Einhorn kanstu auch füglich und wol mit den Underhäuwen und der Zwürch angreiffen und Fechten / wie auch sonst vil guter stuck / deren du selber weiter nach dencken solt.
	Key This guard is named the Key since all other elements and stances can be broken from this stance just as well as that which can happen from others where you will actually need more force to do so than in this one, and since a key is a small instrument which, without particular effort or force, can enter a big strong castle where otherwise a man must use great force, thus from this weak stance (as it may seem) all other elements will be broken artfully and delicately without special effort, and basically that’s the story. In the pre-fencing put yourself in this guard and, even as how to fence in such forms as the Unicorn was told before, it stands against your opponent’s guards, left or right, high or low, thus stab to him from the Key before yourself directly to his face into the Long Point, the stab of which he (if he doesn’t want to be hit) must defend from. On whichever side he then hits out from, then let your blade then swipe away with intent as he hits out to it, drive over your head and strike him to the same side that he struck out from, if he swipes after it, then don’t let it hit, but let it fly off to another opening, and strike away from him as he seeks for another opening.	[XXXVIIIv] Schlüssel. DIse Hut wirt darumb Schlüssel genant / dieweil auß disem Leger alle ander stuck unnd Leger gebrochen werden können / dann ob solches wol aus andern auch geschehen kann / so mustu doch merh gewalts darzu brauchen / dann in disem / und wie ein Schlüssel ein klein Instrument ohn sondere mühe / ein groß starck Schloß darzu man sonst grossen gewalt haben müste / auff thut / also werden und können auch auß disem schwachen Leger (darfür es angesehen wirt) alle andere stuck ohn sondere müh künstlich und zierlich gebrochen werden / und geschicht das ohngefehrlich auff solche weiß / Jim zufechten schicke dich in ddieseHut / unnd das eben auff solche form wie du dich ins Einhorn heivor gemelt gefochten hast / es legere sich dann dein gegenpart zur Rechten oder Lincken / in der obern oder undern Huten eine / so stich jhm auß dem Schlüssel gerichts für dir hin zu seinem gesicht in das Langort / welchen stich er dir (ob er nicht getroffen werden will) wehren muß / von welcher seiten er dir den als dan außschlecht / so laß dein klingen mit willen den weg dahin er die mit seinem außschlagen hin gewisen hat / umb deinen Kopff fahren / und hauwe jhm eben zu derselbigen seiten von welcher er dir außgeschlagen hat hinein / wischt er jhm aber nach / so magstu nit antreffen / sonder verfliegen lassen zu einer andern Blös / und ehe er sich des versicht dich gegen einer andern Blös von jhm wegk hauwen.
	Don’t go to other stances with your opponent, but force them out from you by striking, if he strikes just then from above or from below, from the right or from the left, then mark just as he strikes in, then shoot your Long Point in front of you into his face, and at the same time as shooting forward twist your long edge against his oncoming strike, when you have caught his strike on the strong of your long edge, then stay hard on his blade and wind in nimbly outward to his head, but if he goes nimbly off from your sword striking to the other side, then strike or rush him (while his sword is still driving out) to his head or arms, hurry soon after this to bind again on his sword and think of travelling after, slices, wrenches out, and misleading.	Zum andern legert sich aber dein widerpart nicht / sonder tringt auff dich mit häuwen / er hauwe als dann von Oben oder von Unden / von Rechter oder von Lincker / so mercke in dem er herhauwet / so schiesse den Langenort für dir hin / abermal gegen seinem gesicht / und wende zugleich in solchem fürtschieben die Lang schneid gegen seinem herfliegenden hauw / wann du nun seinen hauw auff dein Lange schneide in die sterck empfangen hast / so bleib hart an seiner klingen / und winde behendiglich hinein / und außwerts zu seinem Kopff / geht er aber behend von deiner klingen ab / gegen der andern seiten zuhauwen / so hauwe oder schnelle jhm (dieweil er sein Schwerdt noch also herumb führt) zu seinem Kopff oder Armen / eile demnach bald wider mit dem Band an sein Schwerdt und gedenck des Nachreises / Schneides /Ausreisses / Verführens alle zeit.
	Basically from this forward Guard you fence elements in the Before and shall attack through it, thus you can take off to the elements to which one breaks the High Guard acting from this Key.	Was du aber uhngefehrlich aus dieser Hut für stuck im Vor Fechten und dardurch angreiffen solt / das kanstu abnemen an dem stuck welches hievor zu einem bruch auff die Oberhut / aus disem Schlüssel gesetzt ist.
	Hanging Point In the pre-fencing strike forcefully from your left above you through toward his face in a sweep, once, twice, and the third time don’t let your sword swing out before your face but twist it into the Hanging Point, as shown on the right hand side of figure F and as taught before, and do this a number of times until you see your opportunity to attack with an element, but if your opponent strikes to you during this (while you stand thus in the Hanging Point) from above, or high traverse, or from below to your fingers, or against your head on the left, then step soon out to your left with the left foot behind the right, and twitch at the same time as he strikes, your sword thus hangs from above you against your right shoulder, from here step and strike at the same time as him left to his head, pull the pommel hard to your inward arm in this strike onto the flat, then swing your blade on forcefully to his head. hold your pommel thus hard on your arm and wrench thus out above you with outstretched blade to your left, let this wrench thus fly over your head and traverse strike strong to his left.	[XXXIXrv] Hangetort. IM zufechten so streich gewaltiglich von deienr Lincken übersich gegen seim gesicht durch / in einem raht ein mal zwey / und das dritte mal aber laß alwegen dein Schwerdt vor deinem gesicht verschwingen / oder verwende in das Hangetort / wie dich das Bild zur Rechten hand in der Figur mit dem F. hie zu gegen lehrt / unnd das thu ein mal etlich biß das du dein gelegenheit ersihest / mit einem stuck an zugrieffen / hauwet er dein gegenpart aber under des (dieweil du also in dem Hangeten ort stehest) auff dich von Oben / uberzwerch / oder von Unden oder auch nach deinen Fingern / gegen deiner Lincken zum Kopff / so trit bald mit deinem Lincken fuß hinder deinem Rechten / gegen seiner Lincken aus / und zucke zugleich in dem er hauwet / dein Schwerdt also hanget ubersich gegen deiner rechten Achsel / von derselbigen hauwe zugleich mit jhm / in obgelehrtem trit gegen seiner Lincken zum Kopff / in solchem Hauw verzeihe dein knopff / starck zu deinem inwendigen Arm an die flechs / so schwingt sich dein kling dester gewaltiger zu seinem Kopff / behalt also dein knopff hart an deinem Arm / und reiß also mit ausgestreckter klingen gegen deiner Lincken ubersich aus / laß also in disem riß umb deinen Kopff fliegen / und Zwirch gegen seiner Lincken starck hinein.
	But if he strikes to your right side from above, then catch his strike on your blade’s flat and step out to his right, or stay with your blade (just as the blades have struck together) on the side and wind the short edge inwards to his head, twist nimbly with the sword into the Long Point from the wind, such that you smite his after work away from you, but if he fences in to you from below your blade to your right ear, away from what happens, then twist yet again into the long point with the long edge below, thus setting aside his blade, yet while you displace at the same time also step nimbly with the left foot to his right and thrust your pommel (just as the parry is about to engage) through under your right arm, thus raise your sword high with crossed hands, and hit again nimbly upward with the half edge to his right ear, if he displaces this then let the blade flow off near your right, and step back again with your left foot and meanwhile with your back step strike a forceful middle strike, traverse over to his left ear or arm, then pull out. What would be fenced further is easily taken onward from here.	Hauwet er aber gegen deiner Rechten von Oben / so fange sein streich auff dein flache klinge / unnd trit aus gegen seiner Rechten / oder bleib mit deiner klingen (in dem die Schwerdter zusamen gerührt haben) an der seinen und winde jhm die kurtze schneide einwerts zu seinem Kopff / verwende behend mit dem Schwerdt aus dem winden in das Lang ort / also das du jhm sein nach arbeit mit Langer schneide von dir abweisest / ficht er dir aber under deiner klingen hinein zu deinem Rechten ohr / auff was weg das geschehe / so verwende abermal dein Schwert in das Lang ort / die Lang schneid undersich / so setztu jhm also sein kling ab / dieweil du aber so absetzest / dieselbige weil trit auch mit deinem Lincken fus behendiglich gegen seiner Rechten / und stoß under des dein knopff (in dem der absatz gleich noch rührt) under deinen rechten Arm durch / erhebe also dein Schwerdt mit geschrenckten henden in die höhe / und schlag behend mit halber schneid wider nider zu seinem rechten ohr / versetzt er solches / so las die klingen neben seiner Rechten ablauffen / und trit mit deinem Lincken fuß wider zu ruck / unnd hauwe dieweil du abtrits einen gewaltigen Mittelhauw / uberzwerch zu seinem Lincken ohr oder armen / demnoch zieh ab / was weiter hieraus zufechten / ist aus disem leicht ab zunehmen.
	Iron Door This Iron Door is actually (as said above) the Barrier Guard, from which you fence thus: if he strikes one from above, then drive thus out with crossed hands and catch his strike on the strong of your blade, just as he then takes his sword off your blade from this strike, then strike him (while his arms pull over himself) with a forceful upstrike to his arms, as soon as he tries to clear off then fence to his head.	[XLr] Eisenport. DIse Eiseneport ist eigentlich (wie oben gemelt) die Schranckhut / aus welcher ficht also / Hauwet einer auff dich von Oben / so fahre also mit gekreutzigten henden auff / und fang jhm sein hauw auff di sterck deiner klingen / in dem er als dann sein Schwerdt von gemeltem Hauw von deiner klingen wider abnimpt / so hauwe ihm (dieweil er die Arm ubersich zeuhet) mit Underhäuwen gewaltiglich nach seinen Armen zu / so bald er herab fellet so ficht jhm zum Kopff.
	Note, displace his high strike as before, and just as the swords glide together then wind the short edge nimbly inward to his right ear, then wind again to his left side nimbly over him with your pommel through below, and with a back step strike long to the left of his head. However where he would fence to you from below, then fall from above with the long edge onto his sword into the Long Point. The Iron Door or Barrier Guard breaks out the Key, namely stab toward his face forcing him above himself, and then fence after him (just as he drives overhead) from below.	Item versetze seinen Oberhauw wie vor / unnd in dem die Schwerdter auff einander glützen / so winde behendiglichen die kurtze schneid einwerts zu seinem Rechten ohr / unnd winde demnach behende wider mit deinem knopff unden durch / gegen seiner Lincken seiten ubersich / und hauwe mit einem abtrit lang gegen seiner Lincken zum Kopff. Wo er dir aber von Unden Fechten würde / so fall mit Langer schneid oben auff sein Schwerdt in das Lang ort / Diese Eisenport oder Schranckhut brich auß dem Schlüssel / nemlich stich jhm gegen seinem gesicht damit zwingestu jhn ubersich / als dann ficht jhm von Unden (in dem er ubersich fehrt) nach.
	Close Guard From the Close Guard you will fence into the Arc Strike; as you have been struck to an opening when you hold yourself in the right Close Guard, then step springing with your right foot to his left well away from his strike, and strike with crossed hands above and behind his blade to his head, twitch nimbly (where you don’t want to wrench out to your left) above him with crossed hands and hit strongly with the outward flat from below to his left ear; however where he won’t strike, then fence such as you will learn from the Middle Guard following this.	Nebenhut. AUß dieser Nebenhut soltu fürnemlich die Krumphäuw Fechten / als hauwet dir einer der Blös zu / wann du in der rechten Nebenhut dich verhaltest / so trit sprungs weiß mit deinem rechten Fus wol aus seinem hauw gegen seiner Lincken / und hauwe mit verschrenckten henden oberhalb hinder seiner klingen zum Kopff / zuck behend (wo du gegen deiner Lincken nicht ausreissen wilt) mit geschrenckten henden ubersich / und schlag mit der auswendigen flech starck umb / von Unden zu seinem Lincken ohr / wo er aber nicht hauwen wolt / so ficht auff solche weiß wie du in der Mittelhut folgends gelert wirst.
	Middle Guard You will learn of the Middle Guard later with the Dusack, whereas that will be done with one hand, here you shall place yourself in it with two hands. Then even if in the beginning I was not well disposed to set this here, I can indeed (since from nothing else can the Ward of the Roses be taught onward) otherwise not go forward, then mark when one comes ahead to you so that his sword is stretched out before him in the long point or else driving in direct displacement, then drive with your blade around in a circle from the middle guard right over around his, so that you come right back to the same middle guard with your blade, from there swing the weak forcefully out to him over his arm to his head, or as he then (just as you would would drive over his blade through the roses) meanwhile would fall from above down to your opening, then take his blade outward with the half edge, namely on the second time you come to be in the middle guard, then as quickly as he has not yet come to reach your opening, you come around just then with the Roses, with which you have enough time to come to the described out, after this you still take him outward, then let flow over in a curve in the air over your head (by which you mislead him) through a circle to the next opening.	[XLv] Mittelhut. VOn diser Mittelhut wirstu hernach im Dusacken bericht / derwegen wie du sie daselbs zu einer hand / also solt du sie hie zu beiden henden anschicken / Dann ob ich wol anfangs nit gesint wahr solche hie zu setzen / hab ich sie doch (dieweil auß keiner andern Hut die Rosen füglicher gelehrt kann werden) nicht umbgehn können / und merck wann dir einer fürkompt / der sein Schwerdt vor jhm außgestreckt im Langen ort oder sonst in gerader versatzung führet / so fahr mit deiner klingen in einem Zürckel herumb / auß der Mittelhut umb die seinen kantz herumb / also das du mit deiner klingen gar nahet wider zu der ersten Mittelhut ankomest / von dannen schwinge jhm die schwech gewaltiglich aussen uber seinen Armen zum Kopff / oder so er dir (in dem du also durch die Rosen umb seine klingen fahren wurdest) dieweil von Oben nider zur Blös einfallen wurde / so nime jhm sein kling mit halber schneide auß / nemlich wann du zum andern mal in die Mittelhut ankomen bist / dan so geschwindt wirt er dir der Blöß als unversehens nit zu eilen / du wirst in des mit der Rosen herumb komen / damit du zu gemeltem ausnemen noch zeit gnug komest / nach dem du jhm aber also aus genomen / so laß in der lufft ober deinem Kopff (jhn damit zu verführen) umblauffen in einer rinde durch ein Zürckel / der nechsten Blös zu.
	Or as you have struck to the left into the Middle Guard in pre-fencing, and your counterpart strikes below this to you from above, then step well out from his strike to his right side, and throw your short edge above or outside his right arm to his head, and in this throw in let your blade shoot well in, either to his head or above both his arms, then nimbly twitch your sword upward again and strike him strongly with the long edge from your left above to his right arm, from there fence to him onward as with previous and following elements at your pleasure, and meanwhile since the Roses can also be fenced rightly from the Long Point, just as I set forth the previous element, I will describe it with the Long Point as well thus:	Oder so du im zufechten dich in die Mittelhut zu deiner Lincken verhauwen hast / unnd er dein gegen theil hauwet dir under des zu von Oben / so trit wol aus seinem hauw gegen seiner Rechten seiten / und wirffe jhm dein kurtze schneid oberhalb oder ausserhalb seinem Rechten arm zum Kopff / und laß dein klingen in solchem einwurff wol einschiessen / eintweders zu seinem Kopff oder uber seine beide Arm / demnoch zuck dein Schwerdt behendiglich wider ubersich / und hauwe jhm von deiner Lincken mit Langer schneid starck ubersich / gegen seinem rechten arm / von dannen ficht jhm fürbaß zu auß Vor und Nachgehenden stucken / nach deinem gefallen / und dieweil im Langen ort auch füglich die Rosen gefochten werden kann / will ich die uberigen stuck die ich zu setzen willens / im Langen ort vollens beschreiben / also.
		[XLIrv] Langort. LAngort ist bey den Alten eigentlich das Brechfenster genant worden / darumb das alle andere stuck daraus gebrochen werden können / dieweil aber (was man bey einem gleichen aus disem Leger Fechten sol) gnugsam aus bisher gelehrten stucken abzunemen ist / will ich (dieweil das Langort ohne das das ende aller Bandt ist) etwas von demselbigen durch Exempel anzeigen.
		Im zufechten so binde deinem gegenman durch den Oberhauw an sein Schwerdt / unnd merck als bald er von deinem Schwerdt wider ubersich fehrt so hauwe ihm in dem er mit seinen Armen im aufffahren ist / von Unden zwischen sein beiden Armen zum kiinn / von disem stuck besihe die zwey obern kleinern Bilder / zur Lincken hand in der Figur so mit dem Buchstaben I. gezeichnet.
		Item bind jhm an wie vor / unnd als bald die Schwerdter im Band zusamen rühren / so brich mit er Rosen zwischen dir und jhm unden durch / unnd wirff jhm die kurtz schneid auff der andern seiten hinein zum Kopff / oder nach dem du vom Band mit der Rosen unden durch gebrochen hast / so reiss von der andern seiten mit der kurtzen schneid sein Schwerdt beseits aus / also das sich deine hend in der lufft uber einander schrencken / schlage jhm mit kurtzer schneid dieff uber zum Kopff.
		Item bind jhme gegen seinem herfliegen hauw ahn / und so bald die klingen zusamen rühren / so stoß dein knopf under deinem rechten Arm durch (auch trit under des wol gegen seiner Lincken seiten aus) unnd fahr also mit geschrenckten henden ubersich / und hauwe jhm mit Langer schneid durch die Rosen von unden beseitz hinder seinem Arm zum Kopff.
		Item / merck in dem du dem Mann anbindest / so laß die Lincke hand vom Knopff / unnd begreiff damit sein kling im Bandt zu der deinen / und das behend / demnach fahr mit deiner Rechten hand sampt dem Hefft / unden durch und schlag also gegen deiner Rechten ubersich / wie du solches an den zweyen kleynern bossen zur Rechten hand in der Figur H. sehen kanst / so nimstu jhm das Schwerdt.
		[XLIIr] Item bindet dir einer mit ausgestrecktem Schwerdt an das deine / so merck in dem die Band zusamen rühren / so Wechseln behendiglich unden durch / und schnel jm die schwech flechlingen von der ander seiten zu seinem ohr / aus disem durchwechseln wirstu vil schöner stuck machen lernen / so du jhm fleissig nachtrachtest.
		Item so du merckest das einer auff dich binden oder hauwen will / so führe dein Schwerdt gegen jhm her / als wwolltestdu auch anbinden / und merck aber in dem die klingen eben jetzt zusamen rühren sollen / so stoß behend dein knopff ubersich / und wende die klingen durch die Rosen von unden auff / und fang jhm sein Hauw also auff dein Lange schneid / wie solches das kleiner Bilde in der Figur N. gegen der Rechten hand anzeiget / nach dem du jhm also sein Hauw (wie gemelt) entpfangen hast / kanstu das selbige stuck auff zwen weg vollenden / Erstlich also / in dem die Schwerdter zusamen gerühret hand / so fahre vollen Unden mit deiner klingen durch / unnd reisse jhm die seine gegen deiner Rechten auß / und laß die hend abermal in der lufft umbschnappen oder kreutzweis ubereinander schrencken / und hauwe jhm also mit kurtzer schneide starck zum Kopff / Dis ist ein Meisterlicher durchgang / der dir (so er anders von oben hauwet) nit fehlet / zum andern wann du jhm sein Schwerdt also entpfangen hast / so trit in dem die Schwerdter zusamen gliitzen wol auff sein Lincke seiten / und hauw wider mit Langer schneid von aussen uber seinem Lincken arm zum Kopff / Dieser letste Hauw gehet unversehens sehr geschwindt / sicher unnd starck an.
		Wechsel. WIewol ohne not den Wechsel in sonderheit zu setzen / dieweil doch sonst alle stuck aus disem füglicher dann in keinem andern können gefochten werden / hab ich doch nicht underlassen wollen ein par stuck darinen zusetzen / auß welchen du auch etliche sondere geschwindigkeit vermercken kanst / also.
		Findestu einen in gerader Versatzung / oder wie vor vom Langen ort gesagt / so streiche mit halber schneide aus dem rechten Wechsel starck ubersich durch / ein mal zwey / das dritte mal aber streiche under seinem Schwert durch / und trit mit deinem Rechten fuß zu jhm / und schlage jhn mit der fleche oder kurtzer schneide gewaltig und hoch ein / zu seinem Lincken ohr / wie dir solches das kleiner Bild zur Lincken in der Figur mit dem F. verzeichnet anzeiget / [XLIIv] damit zwingestu jhn das er gehlingen ubersich fehrt / als bald er solch es thut / so lasse dein Lincke hand vom knopff ab / und laß dein klingen gegen seiner Rechten von Unden auff in einer hand umb schnappen / und setze jhm den vordern ort an sein Brust / greiff in des dein knopff wider an / wie du solches an den kleinern Bilder zur Rechten hand mit dem F. hievor sehen kanst / stoß jhn also mit verkehrter hand von dir / laß als bald dein knopff wider ab / und dein Schwerdt umb dein Kopff fahren / und hauwe lang mit angreiffung des knopffs nach / dergleichen stuck soltu gegen die welche gern einlauffen gebrauchen.
		Item vermerckestu das dein gegenfechter gern und bald hoch aufffehrt / so streich abermal gewaltig vor jm auf / und als bald du gewahr wirst das er ubersich fehrt / so hauwe jhm dieweil er noch im auffziehen ist / uberzwerch von deiner Rechten gegen seinem lincken Arm / so bald der antrifft / so bald schlage widerumb mit inwendiger flech zu seinem Rechten ohr / in einem schwung gar dieff.
		Brechfenster. ISt eigendtlich der Oberhut zugetheilt / welche wirt allein im bundt (nach dem du dem Mann under sein Schwerdt komen bist) gebraucht / von der lenge aber dieweil du des Manns orthe und klingen noch für dir sihest / solt du der hut müssig gehen / dann du bist niergen sicher darinen / aber so bald du dem Mann under sein Schwerdt komen bist / so ist es der fürnemsten Huten eine / der brauch dich also.
		Wann du nun under des Manns Schwerdt komen / also das du dein Schwerdt uber deinem Kopff in gemeltem Brechfenster führen must / damit du dann beide deine Arm unnd finger Blos dargibst / derhalben so bald er von Oben dir zu den fingern hauwet / so trit wol aus seinem streich / einer seiten zu / gilt gleich zu welcher es sey / und hauwe mit einer Zwirch gegen seinem herfliegenden streich / also wirstu jhm nicht allein sein Hauw nach bey deinem Schilt auff die sterck deiner klingen aufffangen / sondern (wo er anders sein Hauw unabgezuckt volführen will) triffest jhn auch mit dem eusseren theil deiner klingen zugleich sein Kopff / Hauwet er dir aber zu deiner Armen einem / so hauwe abermals von derselbigen seiten gegen welchem Arm er dir hauwen will / mit einer Zwirch von Unden / ubersich gegen seinem herfliegenden Hauw / und merck fleissig in dem er sein Schwerdt wider [XLIIIrv] wider auffzeucht / so hauwe ihm dieweil mit Zwirchhäuwen ubersich oder uberzwerch in sein Arm / als bald er wider herab felt / so fang ihm sein klingen wider auff dein uberzwerche klingen / oder schilt auff.
		Zwircht er aber oder hauwet von Unden / so hauwe jhm oben auff sein klingen / oder schauw das du jhm mit der Zwirch zu voren under sein klingen komest / wo er dir aber mit der Zwirch under die deine komen wehre / so laß dein klingen wol uber seiner abhangen / und truck die also mit deinem Schildt undersich von dir / magst jhn also hinder seiner klingen mit halber schneid seinen Kopff erlangen / oder nach dem du jhm sein klingen undersich von dir gestossen umbschlagen / auch kanstu jm ubergreiffen also.
		Hauwet einer von Oben so hauwe demselbigen von deiner Lincken von Unden entgegen mit Langer schneide / und in dem er sein Schwerdt wider von dem deinen abnimpt / und also mit seinen Armen ubersich fehrt / so greiffe dieweil mit deinen fingern uber dein kreutz in die klingen / und fahr jhm mit deiner klingen uber beide arm / wie du solches an den zweyen under Bildern in hienach getruckter Figur sihest / seiss also auff dein Rechte seiten aus / wiltu so magst du jhn werffen also / Trit mit deinem Rechten hinder seinen Rechten / unnd faß jhn mit deiner kurtzen schneide bey seinem hals / unnd stosse in des deinen knopff oberhalb deinem rechten Arm / gegen deiner Rechten von dir / wirff jhn also gegen deiner Lincken uber dein recht bein an rucken.
		Item Zwircht dir einer zu deinem Lincken ohr / so fall jhm mit Langer schneid oben auff die mitte seiner klingen / in dem du aber also darauff fellest / so greiff mit deinen fingern obermal uber deinem kreutz in die klingen / und leg jhm die kurtz schneid hinder seiner klingen auff sein Kopff / davon besihe die grossern Bilder in jetzgedachter Figur / stoß also dein knopff von dir / auff das du jhn haltest das er nicht ledig werde / du habest jhn dann gewundt / reist er sich aber under deiner klingen herfür / so flog jhm behendiglich nach / und greiff jhm abermals uber sein beide arm wie vor / Oder in dem er her Zwircht / so fang jhm sein Zwirch auff dein hangete klingen / unnd greiff mit deiner Lincken hand in sein Schilt und kreutz / winde jhm die von dir aus / wie dir solches die kleinern obern bossen auch in jetz gedachter Figur zur rechten Handt anzeigen.
		Und letzlich so mercke / so offt du mit einer Zwirch gegen einem Oberhauw anbindest / so winde jhm die kurtz schneid einwerts zum Kopff / her widerumb so dir aber einer also einwinden würde / so merck eben in dem er die kurtz schneid aus der Zwirch einwerts wendet gegen deinem Lincken ohr / so wende die Lang schneid ubersich gegen seiner klingen / so stehestu im alten Schilhauw davon oben gemelt / und triffestu jhn auff sein Kopff / das geht wie [XLIIIIr] die andern stuck all zu beiden seiten / dann er wende gegen deiner Rechten oder Lincken hinein / so blöst er sein ander seiten / derhalben kanstu jhm den Kopff mit gegen winden leichtlich treffen / dann wan er einwerts windet / so winde du auswerts / so triffestu und fehlet er / merck so du also einem einwindest / und wirst under des gewahr das er dir wie nechst gelehrt gegen winden will / so wende gleichwol furt / im winden aber reiss mit deiner halben schneide auff die seiten gegen welcher du eingewunden hast aus / laß dein klingen umbschnappen / oder ficht ander stuck / Dieser winden seindt achterley welche hin unnd wider in stucken gnugsam angeregt / was aber weiter von gemelten winden an einem andern ort weiter gehandelt werden.
		Also bistu nun bißher in disen ersten und andern theils disses Schwerdt fechtens / eigentlichen underrichtet worden / beide von des Manns und denn auch von des Schwerdts theilung / folgents vom zufechten / Mittelarbeiten und Abziehen / neben andern notwendigen stucken und lehren / sampt den Exempeln im andern theil so aus dem ersten gezogen / was ferner andere hie zu notwendige stuck belanget / wirstu im folgenden Buch vom Schwerdt fechten gnugsam bescheidt finden / sovil ich dißmal zuschreiben für hab.

The long sword material in the Lund manuscript closely mirrors the "Third Part" of Meyer's Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens, so they are both included in the compilation below. Though the current translation is based on the Lund, when possible we will expand it with a full translation of both, footnoting the differences.

Third Part/Lund 

Images	Draft Translation (from the Lund) by Kevin Maurer	1570 Transcription	Lund Transcription
		[XLIIIIv] Das dritte theil vom Schwerdt / in welchem der folgende Zedel mit vil schönen und geschwinden stucken erklert wirt / welchen dan ein kunst liebender Fechter mit nutz lesen und sich darinnen üben kann. Merck wiltu künstlich Fechten lehrn / Solt du mit fleiß den Zedel hörn / Ein Fechter sol sich halten fein / Kein Rumer / spiler / sauffer sein / Auch nit Gottslestern noch Schweren / Unnd sich nit schemen zu lehren / Gottsfürchtig / Züchtig / darzu still / Sonderlich den tag er Fechten will / Sey messig / erzeig den Alten ehr / Unnd dem Weibs bild / auch weiter hör / Aller tugendt ehr und manlichheit / Der solt dich fleissen alle zeit / Auff das du dienen könst mit ehren / Keyser / König / Fürsten und Herren / Auch nützlich seyest dem Vatterlandt / Und nicht der Edlen kunst ein schandt / Indes / das wort / auch Schwech und Sterck / Das Vor und Nach auch fleissig merck / Brieff Weich und Hert / das fühlen lern / Trit mit streich / es sey nach oder fern / Die theilung halt in guter hut / Vor grossen zorn auch dich behut / Der Huten und der Häuw nim war / Das jhr Bruch dir sey offenbar / Ober / Zorn / Mittel / auch Under / Aus den treib all deine wunder / Als Schieler / Scheidler / Krump / und Zwer / Unnd was mehr stuck nach deim beger / Schauw das der erst seyst auff dem Blan / Ehe sich dein Mann legt / greiff jhn an / Indes nim war / versteh mich recht / Ihn triff / ehe er sein Leger schlecht / Es kom dir für was Leger gut / Im Nach jhn triffst aus freyem muth / Dein Häuw führ gewaltig von deim leib / Zu den vier Blöß dein arbeit threib / So du Krumphauwst / fahr auff behend / Geschrenckt den ort wirff auff sein hend / Den Zürckel laß zur Rechtenrühren / Halt dein hend hoch / wilt jhn verführen / [XLVr] Wann du ihm hauwest Krump zur sterck / Durchwendt / Uberlauff damit merck / Des knopffs verführen solt gedenken / Mit Zeckrur / Schnellen werft ihn krencken / Mit krump trit wol / wilt du versetzen / Das uberschrenken thüt ihn letzen Krump zun flechen wilt dich stercken / Wiet ihn schwechst / solt fleissig mercken / Als baldts rührt und glützet Oben / Zuck ab zur Blöß / wilt ihn betoben Auch so du recht durchiessen wilt / Krump / Kurtz / durchwechßle an sein Schilt / Merck so er dich mit Krump wolt irren / Bleib am Schwerdt / recht den krieg thü füren/ Mit Winden / Schneiden / und was mehr / Mit verfliegen laß dich nit zu ferr? / Auch schnell die schwech zum rechten dar / Zwifach schnellen / mit Schilt dich bewar / Und deins Mans Schilt sterck verwindt / Indes stoß ab / und schlag geschwindt / Den Schielhauw soltu weißlich machen / Mit Winden kanst ihn auch zwifachen / Die Zwürch solt du auch halten werdt / Damit gantz wirt dein kunst im Schwerdt / Dann alles was er ficht vom tag / Solchs dir die Zwürch versetzen mag / Im angriff treib die Zwürch mit sterck / Verführen / Fellen / auch mit merck / Zum Pflug und Ochssen sey behendt / Ihm trauw die Zwürch bald wider endt / Merck was für Zwürch mitsprung wirt gfürt / Auch fehlest mit / noch wünschen rürht / Doppel solt den Fehler machen / Deßgleichen Trit und Schnit zwifachen / Vom Schwerdt zum Leib / damit verkehr / Zweymal oder Schnit in die Wehr / Nachreisen ist außbindig güt / Mit Schneiden / Winden dich behnt / Bey zweymal / oder darint?en / Verfliegen laß / damit begüne / Und zu all vier enden treib die treffen / Die zucken lern / wilt du sie effen / Abschneiden / Schlaudern / bring auch mit / Die herten gfehrt weiß ab mit Schnit / Verlaß dich nit zuvil auf d Kron / Du bringst sonst von ihr spot und hon / Den Langen ort durch streich mit gewalt / Damit all harte gfert auff halt / Sich thu all Hauw und stuck recht brechen / Ob du dich an deim part wilt rechen Die hengen thu weißlichen bringen / Greiff nit zur unzeit wiltu Ringen / [XLVv] Wilt du auch wissen der Meyster kern / Zu allen stucken recht tretten lern. Versetzest nit vil / ist desta freyer / Darvor verwarndt dich Joachim Meyer.
		Eingang in das dritte Buch. Nach dem ich guthertziger Leser bewilliget / disen meinen Fecht zedel welchen ich auß rechtem grunde der Alten zusamen gesetzt / gebessert un in ein rechte ordnung gebracht / hab ich den (damit meniglich dester mehr nutz darauß haben möcht) durch vil schöner und geschwinder stuck und Exempel auch etwas zu erkleren / unnd den zu verstehn ein kleine anleitung geben wollen / dan sie dermassen reich von stucken / un aller hand geschwindigkeit / also das wo du sie nach solcher anleitung erwigest / jhe lenger ihe mehr stuck hierauß erlernen wirst können / dan das die Reimen ohn außlegung nicht vil nutzen / ist offenbar an andern außgangenen Fechtbüchlein / und solt aber wissen das der erste theil solcher Reimen in meinem bishergelehrten Fechten gnugsam erklärt / derwegen an disem meinen anhab nemen / also.
	Follow the Sword Zedel The Four Main guards From the Roof, Fool, Ox, Plow
	The Eight Secondary Guards Long-point, Iron-door, Hanging Point, Speak-window, Key, Side Guard, Barrier Guard, Wrath Guard
	The Five Master-Cuts Wrath Cut, Crooked cut, Thwart Cut, Squinter cut, Scalper
	The Six Covert Cuts Blinding cut, Bouncing cut, Short cut, Knuckle cut, Clashing cut, Wind cut
	Handworks in the Sword Bind On, Remain, Cut, Strike Around, Travel After, Snap Around, Run Off, Doubling, Leading, Flying, Feeling, Circle, Looping, Winding, Winding Through, Reverse, Change Through, Run over, Set Off, Cut Off, Pull, Hand Press, Displace, Hanging, Blocking, Barring, Travel out, Grab over, Weak pushing
	From the Four Openings and Divisions Firstly will the opponent be divided in two sections, namely left and Right, how the Lines in the figure above is shown, thereafter in two more divisions namely under and over, the above two openings would be the Ox, to divide the under two, the Plow.
	Whose use should one should thus firstly note, in which division he leads his sword under or above, to the right or the Left/ when you have seen that, thus attack against him at once from above, it is about the location, otherwise, take a general example of this:
	In Zufechten, thus both of you have come together, and you see that he leads his sword to his right in the high opening, in Ox or Wrath-guard, thus attack in to his lower left opening, if not, then it is much more important that you provoke him to meet you. As soon as this clashes, or will, thus pull around your head and strike him high to the opening from which he came. This is namely to his right ear, with the half edge and crossed hands.
	Sword Fencing Firstly will each one of the actions in Fencing be divided into three parts which are particularly good to note. In the Sword this is namely attacking, followed by the withdrawal or other than to the first to reach it, send your attacks through the Guards and Hew like they follow afterwards here, however to the other parts and the middle work, this will be reprinted with the handworks, and a mixture of convenient cuts. Onwards to the last, or the withdrawal, how orderly each one will hereafter be diligently written and taught.
	Secondly one should note the Vor and Nach (Before and After), Weak and Strong. The Before is when you drive with your Stücken so that he cannot come to his senses, especially by positioning yourself close, and how he defends before your Stücken and these same would like to break and bar, with this, he runs off the Vor to you.
	The after is, when you have been rushed upon by your opponent how it is reported next and above. Thus you should respond Indes quickly with convenient work, with this, you are strongest on his Stücken, when you lay on with your work in the Vor, and in this you are crowded so that you must displace him after, thus is a constant changing with the Vor and Nach, now you have it, then he does, But he who does not pay attention to it, he will nonetheless never learn to fence.
	Divisions of the sword to the Weak and Strong The Sword is firstly divided in two parts, namely from the grip to the middle of the Blade which is known as the Strong, from the middle to the most forward, is the Weak furthermore is the sword divided in four parts how the figure below this shows.
	With the inward part, that is the haft, and [with it] the work with the pommel and cross and haft will be understood, in the next part, thereafter will the work with cutting and pushing and what belongs to the Strong be understood, to the third part of the sword should be noted the alterable work of the Weak and Strong after opportunity and liking. Which alone is extremely weak for you to work properly to the Openings.
	Hard and Soft Thus you shall mark in the binding of the swords, as you shall feel if he has become hard or soft in the bind, with the cut.
	Item If he is yet again, strong or weak, and is usually more watchful of the weak binding before the strong, how hereafter in the fencing it can be seen. With this however the Sword fencing and the following written stuck is more understandable thus as I explain my Zedel according to the rules, as I want the words to have understanding so I have named the order; the Beginning, Middle and End.
	This is the correct Squinter cut. Another Thus when one holds his Sword to the left in Zufechten, then go through before him from your right and hew with strength to his right, as soon as he swipes after to the strike thus pull a looping to the left opening, if he swipes after this, however, thus allow it to fly around again, thus drive each opening to the other, crosswise and against one another after your opportunity.
	It is every fencer's [desire] that he quickly knows from all strikes, to which opening the cut is coming, Indes quickly there and follow after, if I however can decide, then I want to instruct about the displacing upwards in hanging.
	It is stated in the ancient Verses, who often displaces, will often be injured.
	Item Liechtenauer said in his secret verses, that displacing hurts you, if you wish it on yourself, therefore shall every fencer know that he is to be the first with attacking and following, then to every fencer that is known to watch and wait on another, from this he shall come to no harm, or at the least, if he does not fight much.
	A proper fencer, who does not displace much, will have the greatest advantage. Thus, when he strikes you also strike, when he thrusts you also thrust, when he steps you also step. Where two equal strikes come together, thus they bring you to displacing, when however one will cut from above, and then next he goes against with a Thwart, thus he sets off, and steps with one another, thus simultaneously should one have a step out, with the same cut and therein with advantage also pay attention to his openings. Thus should every fencer know that he is soon attentive how it is also shown above, that where two good fencers have come together, which I have attentively married together in the illustrations.
	Thus have I put forth a short and summary knowledge of sword-fighting and all noteworthy devices and also the translations of which the divisions that are obscured, are clarified in measure and thereafter it enters and then next goes in three divisions, namely how it was previously reported, Onset or Attacking, Pressing After or the middle work, the last is to Withdraw or end and therefore so that one may better understand I will shortly reiterate.
	Thus, to the attacks have I put forth the Guards in which one should not delay, or wait in them, but rather as a result must your necessary courage with whose reported cuts, go once or twice to your opportunity, so that he must then engage and that the Vor has escaped Him, thus to another opening should one work after with various offensive handworks, beholding with the Vor, as such handworks are stated above as a three in one handwork, thus to crowd and close so that one may come to the withdraw without shame.
	Of this, I will give an example If one fights against you in the Guard of the Roof, thus you come in Zufechten into the Side Guard, you must above all not wait in that long, then when he bears witness to the strike and as soon as he brings his sword into the air, thus lay on against him with a Thwart strike, instantly as it clashes, thus cut quickly again around with the long Thwart, to the other side of his sword, that is now attacking, if he strikes around, thus you cut after, if he displaces, then deceive him with the weak, so that you cut him in the after.
	If he is hard thus you are soft If he cuts, so you counter, If he displaces, then you cut Thirdly; also have instant attention for your opportunity to Withdraw.
	See that you are the first on the field; Before your opponent adopts a posture, lay on against him. Thus note that when you wish to fight with someone, then see that you are the first to be in place so that you can act in a timely manner in your intended Stück, then you shall forcefully continue against him with cuts that he cannot send himself into a guard or Stück But rather you shall show that you will rush over him with sudden stepping before he realizes it. How it is then further clarified by the following Rhyme.	Shauw das der erst seist auff dem plan / Ehe er sich Legert greiff ihn an. Das ist / wann du mit einem Fechten wilt / so schauw das du der erst bey ihm seyest auff dem blatz / damit du dich in deim fürgenomene stuck bey zeyt schicken mögest / als dann soltu mit Häuwen und in triten dermassen anhalten / das er nit zeit oder Blatz möge haben sich in ein Leger oder stuck zuschicken nach seinem gefallen / unnd solt in also ehe und denn ers gewar wirt mit verborgenen tritten ubereilen / wie du denn solches in nachfolgenden Reimen / wie es zuwegen zubringen gnugsam kanst abnemen.
	Pay heed to Instantly, understand me rightly, Hit him before he adopts his posture. This is when you are in the Zufechten and he is just about to you, then note when he acts as if he will adopt a posture, then do not allow him to rest or come to it, but rather always attack first, and as he is choosing a posture, lay on at once to the next opening, and position yourself as if you would to cut strongly, but do not do this, rather allow it to fail or flit to another opening, then as soon as you are at the midway part of your sword on his Sword, do not await, but rather, Thwart, Strike Around, Wrench Out, Slice, Wind, and what other types of work there may be.	In des hab acht / versteh mich recht / Ihn Triff ehe er sein Leger schlecht. Solches solt du also verstehn / wenn du im zufechten bist / so hab acht wann er sich stelt als wöll er sich Legern / [XLVIr] so laß in nit Ruhen oder dazu komen / sondern ficht immer furt vor im durch / in dem er aber seines Legers wil acht und war nemen / so greiff ahn / stracks der nechsten Blös zu / und stelle dich als ob du starck hauwen wollest / laß aber fehl gahn / oder verfliegen / und greiff zu einer andern Blöß an / als bald du dann mit deiner klingen zum halben theil darinen / oder an sein Schwerdt komen bist / so feyre nit / sonder Zwirch oder schlag umb / oder reiss aus / oder Schneid / oder Windt / oder threib was für arbeit dir mögen am füglichsten zu handen komen.
	For you no guard will come so good In the after you strike out freely, boldly But it makes you wonder, as such, how can there be still many good Guards, and hence, you yourself have seen taught here many good techniques, answer, it is true, there are many good Guards and will be fought from a number of good and beautiful techniques. As I have included several in this book for you. However this rhyme teaches you that it is always better to not settle into a guard. It guards you not at all, to show someone with your guard, what you will do amid the fight, that may your cutting through not be brought so far. In this, learn from the rhyme, when you should do it. Namely in the After that is when you should take him, when he keeps his guard, or stays in a guard, then cut him to the opposite opening, as soon as he goes towards your strike with his displacing, and is out of his Guard, and whether it connects or doesn’t connect, then pull around your head and strike, especially to the part or quarter Line from where he has struck from. Of this I will give to you an example When one stands before you in the right Wrath guard in the Zufechten, as soon as you note that he will remain in the Wrath guard, thus cut through to him, still that you are not too close, and in cutting through, allow your sword to fly around in the air, so that you would come into the right Ochs, but before you complete this, or when you have sent this gesture, then step quickly, before he will properly defend, and cut to his left, from under so that your hands remain high, with this you force him, that he must leave his guard to displace, or with a step back, cut in at the same time as you, as soon as the swords connect, pull around the head and cut with crossed hands to his right ear with a Schielhau, in an arc, to where his departure has made him open, how the Figure shows, it is a lofty attack or onset, in which you should take great heed to the steps, and the body should well follow the cuts. When you threaten to cut to a place, then you can readily deceive him, therefore in such attacks you must take the ground, as it were, and in your approach act as if you would step small and tight and before he is aware step broadly forth to the attack, allow yourself at first to be seen taking large steps, in this he takes notice, and will meet you quickly in earnest, to get there before you, thus withhold your step and do it moderately, so that he is otherwise in this you take your advantage, and as soon as you see it, that you are quickly at him again with broad stepping.	Für dich kein Leger kompt so gut / Im Nach jhn triffst aus freyem muth. Hie möchte einer fragen wie solches zuverstehn / dieweil sovil guter Leger seindt / unnd auch hin unnd wider vil stuck aus denselbigen angezeigt und gelehrt worden / hierauff solt du mercken ob schon vil guter Leger seind / und auch schöne und gute stuck aus etlichen Legern gefochten werden können / wie jhr denn etlich auch hierin angezeigt und begriffen / so lehrest du doch aus disen Reimen / das allweg besser sey es Leger sich einer gar nit / sintemal aus den Legern leichtlich dein gegenmann kann abnehmen / was für stuck du zufechten im sinn habest / welches aber aus den häuwen nit mag also vermerckt werden / uber das lernestu hieraus wie du (wenn einer vor dir in einem Leger stehet) jhn treffen oder zur Blös komen solt / welches alles durch das Nach mag zuwegen bracht werden / das versteh also / Wenn dein gegenfechter in einem Leger stehet / so hauw gegen uber zur andern Blös / als bald er (dein hauw zuversetzen) aus seinem Leger gehet / so zuck ehe es recht rührt (oder welches besser gar nit rührt) umb den Kopff / und schlag eben zu disem theil oder quatier hinein / von welchem er dir zubegegnen abgangen / aber auff das solches noch desto leichter sey / will ich dir des ein Exempel setzen / Nemlich so bald du im zufechten merckest das er sich in die Zornhut legert / so hauw von deiner Lincken gegen deiner Rechten vor jm durch / doch das du jm nit so nach seiest / im durchhauwen aber laß dein Schwerdt in der lufft umbschiessen / sam du aus dem rechten Ochssen stechen wollest / ehe du aber solches recht zeigest / und mit geberden dich dazu schickest / so trit in eil / und hauw von Unden zu seiner Lincken ein / das deine hend hoch bleiben / damit zwingestu jn das er dir eintweder auß seinem Leger versetzen / oder mit einem abtrit zugleich einhauwen muß / hauwet er denn / so merck als bald die Schwerdter zusamen rühren / so zuck umb den Kopff / und hauw in einem schwung mit geschrecnkten henden die kurtz schneid zu seinem rechten ohr [XLVIIr] ein / wie diese Figur außseiset / in disem angreiffen oder Fechten / welches gar ein lustig stuck ist / soltu der trit gar wol warnemen / und den leib den häuwen nach wol mit gehen lassen / wann du in einem ort truwest zuschlagen / denn dardurch kanstu ein gar bald verführen / must derowegen in solchem angreiffen jhm das erdtrich abstehlen / und im zugang dich stellen als trettest du nahe und enge trit / ehe erß denn gewar wirt / so trittest du weit zum angreiffen / hergegen laß dich anfencklichen mit grossen tritten mercken / so es denn dein widerpart acht nimpt / und will dir mit ernst begegnen in eil dir vor zukommen / so verhalt als denn dein trit und thu gemach / biß er sich vergebens verzabelt / in dem nimstu deines vortheils war / so bald du dein vorthel ersihest / so bistu in eil mit weiten triten bei jm.
	The cuts you send powerfully from your body To the four openings carry out your work In this rhyme two things are realized, firstly, to the cutting secondly, to the four openings of the Man, to which the cuts will be cut, and note that you cut all cuts with outstretched arms, and with this reach far to the man, also as soon as a cut from one side fails, thus you should quickly cut to the opposite side.	Die Häuw führ gewaltig von dem leib / Zu den vier Blös dein arbeit threib. In disen Reimen wirt gelehrt wie du deine häuw gewaltig unnd lang / zu allen vier enden das ist zu allen vier Blössen frey fliegent / sampt dem Leib welchen du wol mit wie oben gemelt nehmen / führen solt.
	Item If however you step up and are going strong, thus cut quickly around to the other side, also when you will cut to an opening, thus note that as soon as he goes to displace your cut, thus do not allow them to connect, (where it is useful to you) but rather pull free your sword and let it fly around again and strike to another opening, reach far from you with the cuts, and you must step correctly with this, thus fine changing and changing through on the shield comes to you, and so you won’t be harmed see that you cut to the body and not to the sword, from the Second part of this rhyme the verses teach this, also I will write further of this in 38 rhymes, and still more of the same.
	When you Krumphau go up quickly Throw the point with crossed hands Note the Crooked cuts are many, and that all cuts that are done with hands put crosswise or crossed, will be known as Crooked cuts. Hence the one, Schieler is also counted among the Crooked Cuts and it applies equally to the long or short edges, thus it is a Krumphau when you hold your hands crosswise.	So du Krumphauwst far auff behendt / Geschrenckt / den ort wirff auff die hendt. Die Krumphäuw werden auff mancherley art gefochten / denn alle Häuw so mit geschrenckten oder gekreutzigten henden gehauwen / werden Krumphäuw genent / daher denn auch der eine Schieler zun Krumphäuwen gezelt wirt / es gilt auch gleich sie geschehen mit halber oder gantzer schneid / wann du die hend kreutzweiß fürest.
	And firstly when one will cut straight to your head, from his right, thus step with your right foot well out from his strike, to his left, so that you avoid his strike with a spring to his left and likewise cut from your right with crossed hands, against his cut, thus you come with your blade between his head and sword, on his short edge, which is facing him, and when it connects, then step further around to his left side with your right foot, and displace or transfer your sword's blade from his, onto his arm, between his head and sword, in this you will have seen the opening, to which the you may cut and see that you don't wait long but rather allow your cuts to fly quickly to the openings.	Erstlichen aber merck wann dir einer von seiner Rechten von Oben stracks zum Kopff hauwet / so trit mit dem Rechten fuß / wol auß seinem streich auff sein Lincke / das du seinen streich in einem sprung auff seine lincke seiten erwischest / und Hauw mit geschrenckten henden von deiner Rechten gegen seinem Hauw / so komstu mit deiner Schwerdts klingen zwischen sein Haupt und Schwerdt auff sein halbe schneid / die dann gegen jhm stehet / in dem es rührt / so trit fürbaß mit deinem Rechten gegen seiner Lincken seiten umb unnd versetz / oder transferier mit deiner klingen von seiner klingen / zwischen seinem Kopff und Schwerdt auff sein Arm / truck also mit geschrenckten henden in einem ruck sein Arm undersich / under disen wirstu gewißlich ein Blöß finden zu welcher du hauwe
	Item Note when you approach him in the Zufechten, then see when he shows his arm will strike, thus cross your hands while in the air yet that they remain high, and throw the point at his hand or arms, that is the weak or the furthest part of the blade, and that should happen when he goes up to strike, and before he is ready, thus be on his blade, with a Thwart cut, for such techniques should fly and go quickly.	[XLVIIv] SEITENWECHSEL magst nach gelegenheit / und solt dich hiemit so bald du die Blöß ersehen nicht lang saumen. Ferner wann du im zufechten zu deinem widerpart kommest / so schauw in dem er seine Arm auffzeucht zum streich / so verschrenck dieweil deinen hend in der lufft / und wirff ihm den ort das ist die schwech oder eussertheil deiner klingen auff sein hendt oder Arm / diß aber merck wie bemelt / sol geschehen in dem er zum streich auffzeucht / und ehe er damit fertig soltu ihm mit einer Zwirch schon wider an seiner klingen sein / denn solche stuck sollen fliegend und geschwindt zugehen.
	Allow the Circle to connect to the right Hold your hands high, you will deceive him The Circle also comes from the Crooked Cuts and is a particularly good technique for deception, compared to others, because it does not just run off, unlike other deceptive techniques, like ablauffen and the like, but rather when one does it correctly and strikes the Circle very hard with the short edge in running by. This Stück goes thus, (after you have come under his sword in the attack) when your stay in the bind, and drive your sword over the head, as soon as he gives a little room, so that he is not binding on the sword, but rather drives his sword then high above you, then cross your hands in the air, and cut from above with the short edge thus put crosswise, down to his right ear, so that whether your Blade hits or not, it runs around in a circle by his right arm, and in this keep your hands high above your head, as soon as he slips after the Circle, then step with your left foot well on to his right side, and cut in at his head with the Long edge, over his right arm, behind his blade, take your body and head well away from his strike with a step to your left side.	Den Zürckel laß zur Rechten rührn / Bhalt hoch dein hendt / wilt jhn verführn. Zürckel kompt auch auß den Krumphäuwen / unnd ist ein sonderlich gut stuck zum verführen für andern / damit es nit lehr oder vergebens und ungerührt (wie ander verführende stuck / als da ist Ablauffen Verfliegen und dergleichen ablaufft) sonder so man jn recht macht / trifft der Zürckel mit der halben schneid im fürlauff sehr hart. Diß stuck aber treib also / wenn du (nach dem du mit dem ahngriff under sein Schwerdt komen) vor einem im bund stehest / und dein Schwerdt in der höhe ob dem Haupt führest / so bald er dir blatz lasset und dir nit nach deim Schwerdt bindt / sonder füret sein Schwerdt mit dem ort auch hoch / so verschrenck dein hendt in der lufft / und Hauwe mit kurtzer schneid also geschrenckt von oben nider zu seinem rechten Ohr / das demnach dein klinge sie treff oder nit / neben seinem rechten arm furuber in einem zirckel herumb lauff / und behalt in dessen gleichwol die hend hoch uber deinem Haupt / so bald er dem Zirckel nachwischt / so trit mit deinem Lincken fuß wol auff sein rechte seiten auß / unn Hauw mit Langerschneid hinder seiner klingen uber sein Rechten arm zum Kopff / nim den leib sampt dem trit wol auß / auff dein lincke seiten / mit deim Haupt auß seinem streich.
	A good Stück from the Circle When you stand before one in this same work, how you have previously been taught, thus pay attention when your advantage will come, then step aside at once with your left foot out to your left side, and cut with a circle to his right while you are stepping but that in running past to the right, it grazes, and also with this Circle, step through with your right foot between you and him, in to his right side, with this stepping through, cut a Zwerchhau from your right to his left, forwards to the face Indes spring well out to his right and cut him long after to his head.	Ein gut stuck auß dem Zürckel. Wann du wie vor bemelt in gleicher arbeti vor dem Mann stehest / so hab acht wenn dir die gelegenheit wirt / so trit mit deinem Lincken fuß auff dein lincke seiten beseits auß / und Hauw zugleich mit dem trit ein Zirckel zu seinem Rechten furuber / doch das es im furuber lauffen zur Rechten anschürff und treffe / und trit zugleich in solchem Zirckel mit deinem rechten fuß zwischen dir und jhm auff sein Rechte seiten durch / unnd im durchtreten Hauw ein Zwirchhaw von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken vornen zum gesicht / wie du an den obern bossen in dieser Figur so mit dem K. verzeichnet sehen kanst / in des spring wol auß auff sein Rechte / und Haw jm lang nach zu seim Kopff.
	With the Crooked step well if you want to displace The crossing over, does him harm This is when you cut in Crooked at the same time as him, with your strike you should step well out from his strike, so that you have your head behind your blade, well from his strike. The second part teaches you that when you have bound on his sword with a Crooked cut, that you nimbly cross over where you have the opportunity and then snap around or wind the quick snap to his head, or wrench out, allow it to overrun.	[XLVIIIrv] Mit Krump trit wol wiltu versetzen / Das uberschrencken thut jhn letzen. Solches soll also verstanden werden / wenn du Krump mit einhauwest / so trit zugleich mit dem Hauw wol auß seinem streich / das du dein Kopff hinder deiner klingen auß seinem streich entziehest. Zum andern wenn du also mit einem Krumphauw an sein Schwerdt gebunden hast / das du behend (wo du gelegenheit darzu haben magst) uberschrenckest / folgends umbschnappest / oder die schnellen nach seinem Kopff windest / oder ausreissest / oder lassest uberlauffen und dergleichen.
	A Stück from the Reversing Note in Zufechten that you pay attention when he goes up before you, then step and cut a Crooked from your left to or above his right arm, with this Crooked cut step well to him, and reverse your sword and wrench downwards and out to your right side If he may work further, thus drive with the pommel from inside, between both of his arms, allow your left hand to release from the grip and grab your sword blade and wrench out upwards, how this figure shows. Counter - let go the left hand, and allow him to wrench without avail, Indes drive after his upwards pressing, with your slice to his arms, do not allow him to come to any further work, nor to cut freely, when you see your advantage, at once, allow your sword to fly to the next opening.	Ein fein stuck aus dem verkeren. MErck im zufechten hab acht / wenn dein widerpart für dir auffgehet / so trit unnd Hauw von deiner Lincken mit kurtzer schneid und geschrenckten henden zu oder uber den Rechten arm / aber in disem Krumphauw trit wol zu jhm / verkehr dein Schwerdt / unnd reiss undersich auß / auff dein Rechte seiten / arbeitet er ubersich mit den Armen also das du jhn nit undersich zwingen magst / so fahr mit dem knopff von inwendig zwischen sein beide Arm / laß dein Lincke hand vom Hefft / greiff damit dein Schwerdts klingen und reiss ubersich auß wie die Figur mit dem O. anzeiget. Des Bruch also / laß die Linckhand ledig also das er vergeblich außreißt / in des fahr seinem ubersich rucken nach / mit dem Schnit auff sein Arm / und laß jhn ferner zu keiner arbeit kommen noch ledig werden / du habst dann deinen vortheil ersehen / demnach so laß zur nechsten Blöß fliegen.
	Cut Crooked to his Flat And you will Weaken the Master This is a lesson how you shall weaken one's incoming strike, and goes thus, In Zufechten pay attention when he cuts in at you from his right, then step well out from his strike and cut with crossed hands and the Long edge onto the strong of his sword's blade, on the Flat, thereby you weaken him, so that he can barely recover for another strike, then before he recovers you are on his head with winding and flicking. The Counter you should mark that when one meets you with a crooked cut, to your on coming strike, to weaken you, then change through nimbly under his blade and work to his side from which he sent his Crooked cut.	Krump zun flechen wilt dich stercken / Wie du jhn schwechst solt fleissig mercken. Solchs ist ein lehr wie du dem Mann sein herkommenden streich schwechen solt / diß soltu aber also treiben / im zufechten hab acht wann dein gegenfechter dir von seiner Rechten zuhauwet / so trit wol auß seinem streich / und Hauw mit geschrenckten henden und Langer schneid auff die sterck seiner klingen in die flech / damit schwechest du [XLIXrv] jhn also / das er sich kaum zu einem andern erholen mag / denn ehe er sich erholet kanstu jhm mit verwenden oder schnellen / auff seinem Kopff sein. Den Bruch aber soltu hierin also machen / Merckestu das dir einer mit einem Krumphauw begegnet / auff dein herkomenden streich dich zuschwechen / so Wechsel behend udner seiner klingen durch / und arbeit jhm zu der seiten / von welcher er den Krumphauw her bracht hat.
	When first they connect and clash above Pull away to the openings you will confuse him This is a very good rhyme that admonishes you earnestly to pay attention to the openings that fall before you. For it is known that you go at him correctly in the After, thus you have very often whenever the swords connect or two strike and clash together above, there is an opening below. You will not fail to note this through several Stück.	Als bald es rührt und glützt oben / Zuck ab zur Blöß wilt jhn betoben. Dise vers seind sehr notwendig zumercken / sintemal sie dich ernstlich acht zuhaben vermahnen auff die fürfallende Blöß / dann hie ist gewiß wann du der sachen recht nachgehest / das du so offt es rührt oder zwen streich oben zusamen gliitzen / du unden ein Blöß ereilen kanst / solches wirt dir nit fehlen / diß aber damit du es desto baß verstehn könnest / so merck solchs durch diese nachfolgende exempel und stuck also.
	Note in Zufechten send yourself into the Wrath Guard, as soon as you can get him, then step and cut in with him from your right a powerful high cut, when this clashes, then strike around nimbly with a Thwart to his left ear, with a back-step of your left foot, behind your right, thus you likewise hit twice, or complete two strikes before he completes one.	Im zufechten als bald du dir trauwest den Mann zuerlangen / so trit und Hauw mit jhm von deiner Rechten ein gewaltigen Oberhauw hinein / in dem es gliitzt so schlag behend umb wider zu seinem Lincken ohr / unnd trit under des mit deinem Lincken fuß hinder dein Rechten / so triffst du gleich zweymal / oder volbringest zwen streich auff einer seiten ehe denn er einen.
	Item If one cuts at you from above like before, then cut from your lower left against his strike, so that you catch his High cut up in the air, as soon as it connects then cut with the forward short edge and crossed hands in a Circle, to his right ear and that you swiftly go almost at the same time, namely that when the blades connect together, thus you shall hit down from above with the short edge.	Deßgleichen Hauwet einer von Oben wie vor auf dich / so Hauw von deiner Lincken von Unden gegen seinem streich / das du sein Oberhauw hoch in der lufft mit geschrenckten henden auff dein Schwerdt fangest / als bald es gliitzt / so Hauw mit dem vordern kurtzen ort / also mit geschrenckten henden von seinem Schwerdt / in einem Zürckel zu seinem rechten Ohr / diß aber soll geschwindt schier zugleich geschehen / also das in dem die klingen zusamen rühren / auch gleich mit die halb schneid von Oben nider treffen.
	Item In the Onset act as if you would cut from above; but as soon as you note that he slips upwards against your cut, at once turn your High Cut into a Low Cut before it actually connects above, this is the Simultaneous Failer.	Ferner stell dich im zugang mit geberden sam du von Oben wollest Hauwen / so bald du aber vermerckest das er dem Hauw ubersich entgegen wischet / so verwindt dein Oberhauw in ein Underhaw / ehe denn es oben recht rühret / welches ein rechter fehler ist / und triffest jhm also das Linck ohr ehe ers gewahr wirt.
	Item If he cuts from below, thus fall on it with your long edge from above when it clashes, then pull back nimbly and strike to the next opening in one motion, or strike around from his sword with the flat in a winding flick to the next opening.	Letzlich Hauwet dein widerpart von Unden / so fall mit deiner Langen schneid oben darauff / in dem es gliitzt so schlag behend der nechsten Blöß zu in einem flug / oder schlag mit der flech von seinem Schwerdt umb / in einem gewundenen schnall auch der nechsten Blöß zu.
	When you cut crooked at his strong Be sure to wind through and overrun with it This is when you cut a Crooked cut at one, and he holds off hard so that you cannot cross over, or have other work from above, thus wind under and through with the pommel, and cast the pommel to the other side over his blade or arm from the outside, and wrench downwards and strike in with the long edge deep to his head, or cast the pommel in between both of his hands, how this figure reveals. The next is a counter to the under-cut, if one cuts an under-cut to you low. Then cut with your long edge so that you have your hands crooked or crosswise, above on his strong. Then when this clashes, thrust the blade right in before you, and in thrusting forth, wind the short edge to flick it around at his face or head. If he drives up and defends against your flick, then drive up also, pull around your head, and strike him to another opening.	[Lr] Wann du jhm Hauwest Krump zur sterck / Durchwendt / Uberlauff damit merck. Wann du einem ein Krumphauw zuhauwest / und er hart widerhalt / also das du jhn mit uberschrencken oder anderer arbeit Oben nichts haben magst / so wend mit dem knopff unden durch / und greiff mit demselben jm auff der andern seiten aussen uber sein klingen oder Arm / unnd reiss undersich / schlag jhn mit Langer schneid im riss auff sein Kopff / oder greiff mit dem knopff zwischen sein beide hend / wie in der Figur hievor getruckt an den zwen bossen gegen der Lincken hand zu sehen. Bruch. Hauwet einer ein Underhauw auff dich / so Hauw mit Langer schneid / das du dein hendt krum oder kreutzweiß habest / oben auff die sterck seiner klingen / in dem es dan gliitzt so schieb die kling gerichts für dir hin / unnd im fürtscheiben so winde die kurtze schneid in einem schnall umb zu seinem gesicht oder auff sein Kopff / fehret er auff und wehrt dir dein schnall / so fahr auch auff / unnd zuck umb dein Kopff / und schlag jhm zu seiner undern Blöß.
	The Pommel deception, you shall remember With Flicking and Quickening you will vex him This is when you cut in with a Crooked Cut to his strong, if he opposes or displaces high, then wind through below with the pommel, and act as if you would grab over with the pommel, as I have already taught; and before he realizes it, then quickly flick the short edge back in at him, again on the same line, to whichever side you first did the Crooked Cut.	Des Knopffs verführens solt gedencken / Mit Zeckrur / Schnellen würst jhn krenken. Ist sovil / wenn du in einem Krumphauw einhauwest zu seiner Rechte / und er widerhelt oder versetzt hoch / so windt mit dem knopff unden durch / und stelle dich mit geberden als wolstu wie vor gelehrt / mit dem knopff ubergreiffen / ehe und denn er sich solches versicht / so Schnell jhm die kurtze schneide daselbst wider hinein / zu welcher seiten du erst den Krumphauw gethan hast.
	Item In the Zufechten, lay on against your opponent with a powerful horizontal Middle Cut strongly at his left ear. Quickly pull your pommel around your head, and threaten him with it as if you would thrust at his other side with the pommel, and if he wishes to slip after and displace the thrust then flick back at his left ear with the short edge, and in flicking, step with your left foot back behind your right.	Item greiff im zufechten dein gegenmann mit einem gewaltigen uberzwerch Mittelhauw / starck zum Lincken ohr an / zuck behend dein knopff umb dein Kopff / und trauw jhm damit / als ob du jhm mit dem Knopff zur andern seiten stossen wolst / und in dem er dir hie entgegen wischt den stoß zuversetzen / so schnell jhn mit der kurtzen schneid wider zu seinem Lincken ohr / und im schnall trit mit deinem Lincken fuß zu ruck hinder dein Rechten / und Hauwe dich von jhm.
	Also you will then correctly shoot through Crooked, Short, change through on his shield This is a proper master's technique, when you are in the Zufechten, then send yourself into the right Wrath; as soon as he brings his sword in the air, then strike a free High Cut at him, and in the air, cross your hands so that the right hand comes crosswise over the left, and cut then through crooked with the short edge against his cut, in this, step with a double step well out to his right, and cut with the long edge at his right ear, or use changing through to come onto his shield against his right; then work with winding, slicing, and whatever other work arises for you.	[Lv] Auch so du recht durchschiessen wilt / Krumb / Kurtz / Durchwechsel an sein Schilt. Diß ist ein recht artig Meister stücklein / wenn du im zufechten bist so schick dich in rechten Zorn / als bald er sein Schwerdt in die lufft bringt / so Hauw ein freyen Oberhauw zu jhm / volführe den aber nit / sonder verschrenck in der lufft deine hend / das die Rechte hand uber die Lincke kom / und Hauw also mit kurtzer schneid Krump gegen seinem Hauw listiglich durch / in dessen trit wol mit einem zwifachen trit auff sein Rechte aus / unnd Hauw mit Langer schneid zu seinem Rechten ohr / oder kom mit dem durchwechseln an sein Schilt gegen seiner Rechten / alda arbeit mit Winden / Schneiden und was dir für arbeit werden mag.
	A free running Stuck from the Shooting through Take heed in the Zufechten of he who pulls up his sword to strike, thus cut through quickly and freely before him how it is taught above, so that you come to his right on to his shield. And as soon as it connects, then wind again with the short edge in at his head, and in this winding, jerk your pommel well upward, so that your blade again snaps around, so that in your cut, your right hand comes back over your left, hit then with crossed hands, and thus in snapping around, wind in below to his right ear, and step at the same time, quickly with your left foot well out to his right. Then at once Thwart to his left ear with a step out, deeply wind your short edge inwards and again outwards to his left ear, and then cut away from him.	Ein stuck aus dem durchschiessen. HAb im zufechten acht / so bald dein gegenfechter sein Schwerdt zum streich auffziehet / so Hauw dieweil behend und listig vor jhm Krump durch (wie oben gemelt) damit du zu seiner Rechten aussen an seinen Schilt komest / und als geschwindt es nur rührt so winde jhm die kurtze schneid einwerts zum Kopff / unnd ruck in solchem winden dein knopff wol ubersich / das die kurtze schneid dest dieffer kom / fehrt er dann auff zu versetzen / so laß dein kling wider umbschnappen das dein Rechte hand wider uber die Lincke kome / und schnell jhm also im umbschnappen wider unden zu seinem Rechten ohr hinein / in solchem aber trit mit dem Lincken fuß wol auß auff sein Rechte / Zwirch dann bald wider mit einem abtrit zu seinem Lincken ohr dieff / unnd wind an seinem Schwerdt dein kurtze schneid wider unden heraus / zu seinem Lincken ohr / demnach Hauwe dich von jm / und solches alles soll durch das winden behendiglich volbracht werden.
	Note when he would confuse you with the Crooked, Remain rightly on the sword; carry out the Krieg With winding, slicing, and what’s more; With flitting let yourself not go too far. In these rhymes you learn how you should hold yourself against one who binds crooked on your sword, and reports to you, as well, two techniques. Namely the remaining and the War, this is when one binds you crooked on your sword, thus you should not pull away at once, but remain and feel what kind of work you will need, like for example, if he withdraws you chase after; Item If he remains, then you wind. For winding, slicing, wrenching out, and reversing is called the War, through which one to the other always counters the opponent's devices. And one counter follows one from another, for if he wards off one, then with this he gives you occasion or helps you to another technique that conveniently follows after it, thus you both make War. Also this same you should note, when an opponent lays on against you with a Crooked Cut, that you shall not fly around from one opening to another, for as soon as you go away from the Crooked Cut, then you are totally open to him, where he will correctly step.	Merck so er dich mit Krumpwolt irren / Am Schwerdt recht bleib / den krieg thu führen / Mit Winden / Schnieden und was mehr / Mit verfliegen laß dich nit zu ferr. [LIr] Auß disen versen lernestu wie sich zuverhalten sey / gegen dem der dir krump an dein Schwerdt bindt / es werden aber hie zu zwey stuck dienstlich vermeldet / nemlich das Bleiben und der Krieg / welches sich also halt / Wenn dir einer krump an dein Schwerdt bindet / so zuck nit bald ab / sonder bleib an seinem Schwerdt / zu fülen was dir für arbeit hie nötig sein werde / als wenn er abgieng das du Nachreisest / oder so er bleibt du windest / dann Winden Schneiden / Verkeren / Außreissen heist hie der krieg / dardurch jmmer einer dem andern sein stuck bricht / unnd ein Bruch aus dem andern volget / dann wehret er dir eines so verursacht er dich oder hilfft dir zum andern / und kriegen also beide umb das Vor / auch soltu mercken wenn dir einer mit Krumphäuwen zuficht / das du gar nit verfliegen lassest von einer Blöß zur andern / dann als bald du vom Krumphauw abgehest / so bistu jhm gantz bloß / wo er sich ein wenig weiß darein zuschicken.
	Stuck If one strikes a Crooked cut at you from his right, then set off his cut upward with the long edge and when it clashes, then remain with the bind on his blade, wind Indes your pommel up toward his left and the blade down toward his left, the short edge at his left ear, that all this shall occur at the same time as one step. Thus surely you hit, but if he is shrewd and turns the Crooked Cut into the Long point, then wind the short edge with a flick inward at his head, then at once wind through again underneath with the pommel on your left side, thus cast over his blade or arm with the pommel, and wrench out, or whatever the situation will be, then undertake another device.	Hieraus merck nun ein gut stuck / Hauwet einer von seiner Rechten ein Krumphauw auff dich so setz jhm den Hauw mit Langer schneid ubersich ab von dir / in dem es gliitzt / so bleib mit dem Bandt an seiner klingen / winde in des dein knopff ubersich gegen deiner Lincken / unnd die kling undersich gegen seiner Lincken / die kurtze Schneid an sein Linck ohr / Diß aber alles soll zugleich in einem trit zugehn / so triffestu gewiß / ob er aber so gescheid wer und auch den Krumphauw in das Langort verwenden würde / so winde in einem schnall die kurtze schneid einwerts zu seinem Kopff / winde demnach behend mit dem knopff wider unden durch auff dein Lincke seiten / greiff also mit dem knopff uber sein kling oder arm unnd reiss aus / oder so dir das gewendt / so nim andere stuck so du hie am tüglichen ersihest für die hand.
	Quickly flick the weak to the right, Double flick, protect yourself with the shield Note in the Zufechten, come into the right Change; from there, slash up through his face, so that your sword runs around your head above in a loop. Step with your left foot well to his right and strike with the outside flat from your left against his right athwart to his ear, with this, take your head well out of the way how it is previously stated here and when it clashes, then thrust your pommel through under your right arm and wind with the inside flat, in a flick, up from below again to his right ear. In this winding around remain hard on his shield and press hard from you. If he resists then let your sword go away and pull around your head, strike with the outside flat a strong Clashing Cut over your hand Wind through with the pommel back under your arm and flick from inside behind his blade at his head. Remain hard on his shield and wind rapidly back out, thus you stand back in the Clashing Cut as before. Work further as you will to the four openings, such as the need be and is previously taught here.	Bald schnell die schwech zur Rechten dar / Zwifach schnellen / mit Schilt dich bewar. Merck kom im zufechten in rechten Wechsel / von dannen streich auff durch sein gesicht / das dein Schwerdt uber dein Haupt umblauff in einder Rinde / trit mit deinem Lincken wol auff sein Rechte / und schlag mit der außwendigen flech von deiner Lincken gegen seiner Rechten / uberzwerch zum ohr / nim den Kopff wol mit / wie hievor gemelt / aber in dem es gliitzt / so stoß behend dein knopff under dein Rechten arm durch / und schnell jhm also mit [LIv] inwendiger flech in einem schnall / von unden auff wider zu seinem rechten Ohr / in solchem winden bleib hart an seim Schilt mit deinem Schwerdt / und truck zugleich hart von dir / helt er wider / so laß dein Schwerdt leiß auß / und zuck umb den Kopff / schlag also mit außwendiger flech zu seinem Lincken / ein starcken Gliitzhauw uber dein hand / das dein knopff wol ubersich gang / so gehet der Hauw dester dieffer / windt mit dem knopffwider under deinem Arm durch / und schnell von inwendig hinder seiner klingen zum Kopff / bleib alwegen hart an seinem schilt unnd windt in eyl wider herauß / so stehestu wider im Gliitzhauw wie vor / arbeit weiter waß du wilt / nach den vier Blössen.
	Item If one again cuts a High Cut at you from his right then likewise cut a High Cut in against his at the same time. When it clashes, then rapidly thrust your pommel through under your arm and flick back inward to his head, before it rightly connects pull both your arms crossed upwards to your left and wrench upward around on his blade, flick back around at his left ear from below, thus again with the outside flat, how it is presented above, this double flicking shall happen quickly because it is a particularly nimble technique I have thus properly given to you. For when you bind from one side on his sword and remain hard on it and wind at him inwards and outwards in a flick, doubly on one side to the upper and lower part of his head, then when he parries the flicks, you will surely have an opening on the other side that you may connect with a Circle or by flicking around in a single motion.	Item Hauwet einer ein Oberhauw auff dich von seiner Rechten / so Hauw auch ein Oberhauw / gegen seinem zugleich mit jhm hinein / in dem es gliitz / so stoß in eil dein knopff under deinem arm durch / und schnell also wider einwerts zum Kopff / ehe das recht rühret zuck deine beid Arm also geschrenckt ubersich gegen deiner Lincken / und reiss an seiner klingen ubersich umb / schnell also wider mit außwendiger oder letzer flech zu seinem Lincken ohr von Unden / wie nechst hie oben / Diß zwifach schnellen soll behendt zugohn / und weil es ein sonderlich behendt stuck ist / hab ich dirs also eigentlichen dargeben / dann gewiß ist / wann du von einer seiten ihm an sein Schwerdt bindest / und bleibest hart daran / windest jhm also hinein unnd außwerts in einem schnall / auff einer seiten Doppel zu dem Obern und Undern theil seines Haupts / so hastu auff der andern seiten / wann er die schnellen versetzt / ein Blöß welche du rühren magst mit einem Zirckel / oder umbschnall in einem flug / hierauß kanstu meins erachtens die winden wol merkcen und lehren.
	Also wind forcefully against his shield, Instantly shove him away and strike swiftly. That is when an opponent would defend off your double flicks and sets you off, thus catch his shield with yours and shove out; away from you sideways, Indes let your short edge snap around deep at his other opposite opening.	Auch jhenes Schilt mit sterck verwindt / In des abstoß und schlag geschwindt. Das ist / wann dir einer das doppel Schnellen wehren wolt / und setzet dir ab / so fasse mit deinem schilt den seinen / gleich wie das kleiner Bild zur Rechten in der Figur so mit dem I. verzeichnet / dem andern die Arm gefaßt hat / doch auff solche weiß das du die Linck hand nit vom hefft lassest / unnd ruck jhm das Schwerdt in einem stoß von dir beseitz auß / laß in des die kurtz schneide umbschnappen / dieff zu seiner andern Blöß gegen uber.
	If one cuts a powerful Buffel at you, so that you may not come at him with such subtle work, then cut the first at the same time as him and mark now when he pulls his arms back toward him, then drive at him from underneath with horizontal blade on both his arms and in driving under, let go with your left hand from the pommel and grip your blade in the middle, how this figure here after shows. Wrench out besides you both his arms with your shield and cross and as you shove or wrench release your left hand and quickly cut after, either short or long. Therefore note when a Roof guard Buffel is coming for you, then see that you parry once or twice, until you see the opportunity; that he has driven up the furthest for a stroke. Then drive his strike away from under on his arms and step well under him, thus he strikes his own arms on your blade.	[LIIv] Ein anders. HAuwet einer gewaltig Püffel auff dich / alos das du jhme mit solcher subteilen arbeit nit zukommen kanst / so Hauw den ersten zugleich mit jhm ein / und merck eben / in dem er sein Arm wider zu sich zeucht / so fahr jhm mit uberzwercher klingen an sein beide Arm von Unden / und im underfahren / laß dein Lincke hand vom knopff unnd begreiff dein kling in der mitte / wie die kleiner bossen in der Figur N. hievor getruckt zur Lincken handt anzeigen / reiß jhm sein beide Arm mit deinem Schilt und kreutz beiseits auß / und im stoß oder riss laß dein Lincke hand ab / Hauw behendt nach es sey kurtz oder lang / Derhalben merck / wann du also ein dach büffler für dich bekommest / so schauw wie du jhme ein streich zwen versetzt / biß du die gelegenheit ersihest / das er im besten aufffahren ist zum streich / so underfahre jhme behendt sein Arm / und trit wol under jhn / so schlegt er sich selbst / mit den Armen in dein klinge.
	The Squinter cut you shall do wisely With winding you can also double him There are three Squinters, namely two Squinting Cuts; one from the right, the second from your left with crossed hands not unlike the Crooked Cut, how I have reported above concerning the Crooked Cuts. The third is a Squinter with the face, when I focus on a point and act as if I intended to strike there but I do not do this to him, rather I cut in elsewhere.	Den Schielhauw soltu weißlich machen / Mit winden kanst jhn auch zwifachen. Der Schieler seind dreyerley / nemlich zwen Schielhäuw / einer von der Rechten / den andern von deiner Lincken / welcher mit geschrenckten Henden / dem Krumphauw nit unehnlich / wie oben bey den Krumphäuwen gemelt. Der dritt ist ein Schieler mit dem gesicht / als do ich an ein ort sihe / mit sampt den geberden / sam ich dahin schlagen wolt / ich thue es aber nicht sonder schlag anderswo hinein.
	The First Squinter goes thus; when you are in the Zufechten, then note as soon as he goes out to strike to your left, then position yourself as if you would strike at the same time to him, do not complete this, but rather turn your Sword in the air so that your hand comes crosswise, and then cut in from above to his right with the short edge and crossed arms, at the same time as him, so that his Blade comes also to his right, or falls by your Right, however, step well with the left foot to his right side.
	The Second is the Old Squinter cut, that goes thus; In the Zufechten send yourself into the right Wrath guard, if he cuts then at your head from above, thus step from your right and strike to his cut by turning the short edge over his sword in to his head with outstretched arms, how the figures hereafter show.
		Von disen schielhäuwen bistu bißher im ersten theil gelehrt / und zu dem dieweil hin und wider in stucken davon gemelt wirt / ist unnöthig insonders weiter dvon zu handlen / will derhalben allein von etlich Bruchen und dergleichen so hierauß genomen werden etwas sagen / Bruch auff den Schiler.
	Note When one does a Squinting Cut against your long cut, thus he opens his right side, therefore do not allow him to come onto your sword but rather change through below and cut him to his right long in from your left after driving through.	Bruch auff den Schiler. Merck als offt dir einer ein Schielhauw / gegen deinem langen Hauw herfüret / so blösset er sein Rechte seiten / derhalben so laß ihn nit an dein Schwerdt kommen / sonder Wechsel unden durch / unnd Hauwe jhm zu seiner Rechten dem durchfahren nach von deiner Lincken lang hinein.
	Item If one changes through under your Squinting Cut to your right side, then remain nevertheless with the point right before his face and turn the long edge against his blade, allow Indes your pommel to go through under your right arm and step with your left foot well to his right side. Thus he has changed through in vain, for you come at his head with the first Squinting Cut and crossed hands, At once allow it to run off by his right side using the Circle and Thwart to his left.	[LIIIr] Bruch. ITem Wechselt dir einer under deinem Schielhauw durch / zu deiner Rechten seiten / so bleib gleichwol mit dem ort gerichts vor seinem gesicht / und wende die Lange schneide gegen seiner klingen / laß in des dein knopff under dein Rechten arm durchgehen / und trit mit dem Lincken fuß wol auff sein Rechte seiten / so hat er vergebens durchgewechselt / dann du kommest jhm mit dem andern Schielhauw und geschrenckten henden auff den Kopff / laß als bald durch den Zirckel neben seinem Rechten ablauffen / und Zwirch zu seinem Lincken ohr.
	Counter to the Plow Note when an opponent comes before you in the guard of the Plow, then attack happily with the Squinting Cut, As soon as he drives out, then work to his lower openings and further to all four openings.	Bruch auff den Pflug. MErck wann dir einer fürkompt in der Hut des Pfluges / so greiff jn frölich an mit dem Schielhauw / so bald er aufffehrt / so arbeit jhm zu den undern Blössen / und fürter zu allen vier enden.
	Counter to the Long Point Item if one stands before you in the Long Point, thus position yourself with the gesture that you would cut in with a long High cut to his left ear, do not do this, but rather turn in the air and cut a strong Squinter cut to his sword, when it clashes, then slice the point forward into his face so that he must displace. When he drives upwards then pull your sword around your head in a flight and cut with the short edge and crossed hands; athwart to his right ear, allow the left hand to go well out and thus the short edge goes deep. Pull again around your head and wrench out his blade with the flat from your right athwart to his left, so that your sword again flies around above your head and allow the short edge to shoot in deep to his left ear, at once cut two undercuts to his right and left, Indes cut away.	Bruch auff das Lang ort. Item stehet einer vor dir in das Langort / so stelle dich mit geberden sam du ein langen Oberhauw wolltest zu seinem Lincken ohr Hauwen / thu es nit / sonder verwende in der lufft / unnd Hauwe ein starcken Schielhauw auff sein Schwerdt / in dem es gliitzt / so schieb den ort für dir hin zu seinem gesicht / das muß er versetzen / in dem er ubersich fehrt / so zucke dein Schwerdt in einem fluge umb dein Kopff / Hauwe mit gekreutzigten henden / die kurtz schneid uberzwerch zu seinem Rechten ohr / disen nenne ich den andern Schieler / laß die Linck hand wol under deinem rechten Arm ubersich gehen / so gehet die kurtz schneide dieff / zuck wider umb dein Kopff / unnd reiß jhm sein kling von deiner Rechten uberzwerch gegen seiner Lincken / mit der flech auß / das dein Schwerdt ober deinem Haupt widerumb fleuget / und laß jhm die kurtz schneide dieff einschiessen zu seinem Lincken ohr / als bald Hauw zwen Underhäuw zu seiner Rechten und Lincken / in des Hauwe dich wegk.
	Item If an opponent comes before you who will gladly bind long on to you from above or sends his first stroke long at you from the Roof, then when you are near to him or have come to him, slash through before him, up and out to your left, so that your sword's blade shoots around over your head in the Plunge to his left, Indes allow your sword to snap around back over your head, the right hand over the left and strike in at his right ear with the short edge at the same time as his strike, how it is taught above, do this correctly and step well there to him thus you will hit. So then this Stück is only on going, if he displaces however and drives out how he then (when he will displace) must drive out, at once pull around your head and cut him with the Long Edge from below athwart to his Left radial forearm, close to his pommel to the wrist. Of these two openings, one will be apparent to you, Pull your Hilt again upwards around your head and cut long with a strong cut to his upper left head, in these three strikes, step well with both your feet, in a double, step around his left side, thus the cuts go on well, this a good and earnest Stück, when you will seek to send it home.	[LIIIv] Ein anders. ITem kompt dir einer für / der gern von Oben lang auff dich bindet / oder seinen ersten streich lang von Tag auff dich führet / wann du dann nahte zu jhm kompst / so streich vor jhm durch / ubersich auff gegen deiner Lincken / das dein Schwerdt kling im sturtz uber deinem Haupt umbschiesse / gegen seiner Lincken / trauwe jhm als woltestu also gegen seiner Lincken schlagen / so wirt er ohn zweiffel fertig sein und herhauwen / derhalben so laß in des dein Schwerdt ober deinem Haupt wider umbschnappen / die recht handt uber die Linck / unnd schlag also mit kurtzer schneid zugleich mit seinem streich hinein zu seinem Rechten ohr / wie oben gelehret / machstu das recht unnd triffst wol darzu / so triffstu gewis / versetzet ers aber und fehrt auff / wie dann so erß versetzen will aufffahren muß als bald zucke umb dein Kopff / und Hauwe jhme mit Langer schneide von Unden uberzwerch zu seiner lincken Spindel / nahet under seinem knopff hinein zum knochel / under disen zweien Blössen wirt dir eine werden / entweder das rechte ohr oder die Spindel / zuck dein gefeß wider ubersich umb dein Kopff / unn Hauwe ein starcken Langen hauw zu seiner Lincken zu seinem Kopff / in disem dritten streich trit wol mit deinen beiden füssen in einem zwifachen trit / umb sein Lincke seiten / so gehet der Hauw wol an / das ist ein gut ernst stuck / so du einen daheim suchen wilt.
	Another Stück from the Squinter cut In Zufechten, when you come close to him, then position yourself as if you would cut a long High cut at him, when he drives out to meet you, thus turn the short edge from your right, in the air, against his left and jerk your pommel upwards, cut him with the short edge over his arm or hand, step well to his left side, allow this to run forth over in a circle and cut long after to the next opening, or fight to him with the under cuts.	Ein ander stuck auß dem Schielhauw. IM zufechten wann du schier bey jhn kommest / so stell dich sam du ein langen starcken Oberhauw thun wollest / in dem er aufffehrt dir zu begegnen / so verwende in der lufft die kurtze schneide von deiner Rechten gegen seiner Lincken / und rucke dein knopff ubersich / schlag jhn mit der kurtzen schneid uber sein Arm oder hendt / trit wol auff sein lincke seiten / laß also in einem Zürckel furuber umblauffen / unnd Hauwe lang nach zur nechsten Blöß / oder ficht auß den Underhäuwen zu jhm.
	The Double Squinter Item At the Start, thus cut against his cut from your right, with a Squinter to his sword, when this clashes, then reverse your sword on his blade and slide off to your left, step out with the right, continuing towards his left side, allow your blade to drive around your head and cut the next Squinter to his head, also from your right above and in deep to his left. Then cut a double squinter, nimbly, one into the other, stepping to his left, this is a very swift Stück against slow fencers who fight with their arms far from themselves.	[LIIIIr] Den Schieler zwifachen. ITem im antrit / so Hauwe gegen seinem hauw ein Schielhauw auff sein Schwerdt / von deiner Rechten / in dem es gliitzt / so verkehr dein Schwerdt an seiner kling / und ritsch also auff seiner kling gegen deiner lincken seiten auß / trit mit deinem Rechten fürbas nach auch gegen seiner Lincken / laß dein kling umb den Kopff fahren / unn Hauwe den andern Schielhauw auch von deiner Rechten / dieff oben hinein hinder seiner klingen einen wie den andern behendt auff einander / hinein mit einem zwifachen trit / zwyfach zu seiner Lincken / das ist ein geschwindt stuck auff die langsamen Fechter / die doch die Arm weit von sich führen.
		Oder so du den ersten Schielhauw volbracht / und also den andern auch herführen wilt / so schieb dein knopff in eil (dieweil du dein Schwerdt in der lufft fürest) under deinem rechten Arm durch / unnd Hauwe den andern mit geschrenckten henden auch zu seiner Lincken gleich wie vor / und nim dein Kopff wol gegen deiner Rechten.
	The Third Squinter is a deceiving with the Face In Zufechten slash up so that you come into the Guard of the Roof, as soon as you can reach him, at once wind the short edge to him, while its still in the air, squint with your face as if you would cut to his left with the Squinter cut, don't do this, but rather allow the Squinter to fall past by his left and work to his right, or work him to the right and cut quickly again to his left, take your body well after with it, for this is a fine and good work that can't be written as well as it can be shown with the living body.	Der drit Schieler ist ein verführung mit dem gesicht. IM zufechten kom im auff streichen in die Hut des Tags / so bald du jhn erlangen kanst / als bald wendt die kurtz schneid noch also in der lufft gegen jhm / stell dich mit deinem gesicht sam du mit dem Schielhauw zu seiner Lincken wolltest einhauwen / thu es nit / sonder laß den Schieler fehl neben seiner Lincken füruber lauffen / unnd arbeite jhm zu seiner Rechten / oder wincke jhm zu der Rechten / und schlag behendt wider zu seiner Lincken hinein / nim den leib wol mit / es ist schöne unnd geschwinde arbeit / die sich nicht lest schreiben als mit lebendigem leib erzeigen.
	Note a swift Stück from the Squinter When you come close to him, then Wing up by him, so that you come with crossed hands into the Unicorn. In this Winging up, lift your left foot somewhat upwards, after you come through the Unicorn with crossed hands, thus you stand as if you would shoot through, as soon as he extends his sword out, thus cut then with crossed hands and the short edge from above again to his right, on to the forward portion of his sword's blade and before it connects, turn your short edge around and cut with the Squinter, that is with the short edge from your right to his left side, to his arm or face, not with crossed hands and with a step of your right foot, towards his left, in hitting, allow your blade to run off from his left only slightly besides and along with this, thrust through at once with your pommel, under your right arm, then cross your hands so that your short edge snaps around again to his left, over to his head or arm thus with crossed hand from your right to your left or bar him over both of his arms, if he holds you again so that you cannot wrench out or suppress from above, then allow the pommel to run through below and grab him over his right arm, drive the wrestling to him.	Merck ein geschwindt stuck auß dem Schieler. IN dem du schier zu jhm kommest / so flügele vor jhm auff / das du mit geschrenckten henden in das Einhorn kommest / im aufflügeln erhebe dein lincken Fuß etwas ubersich / dem gewicht nach / das du mit geschrenckten henden hoch durch das Einhorn kommest / so stehest du als woltestu durch schiessen / als bald er sein Schwerdt auß [LIIIIv] streckt / so Hauwe also mit geschrenckten henden / und kurtzer schneide von Oben nider gegen seiner Rechten / biß an das eussertheil seiner Schwerdts klingen / und ehe es rührt / wende dein kurtz schneid umb / und schlag mit dem Schielhauw / das ist mit kurtzer schneid von deiner Rechten zu seinem lincken ohr / Arm oder gesicht / mit einem zutrit deines rechten Fuses gegen seiner Lincken / so triffestu wie dich das grösser Bild gegen der Lincken handt in der Figur G. lehrt / und im treffen laß dein kling von seiner Lincken / ein wenig beiseits außlauffen / und stoß gleich auch mit dein Knopff under deinem rechten Arm durch / verschrencke also dein hendt / das dein halb schneide vor jhm wider umb schnap / gegen seiner Lincken uber sein Kopff oder Arm / reiß also mit geschrenckten henden von deiner Rechten gegen deiner Lincken sein Schwerdt auß / oder schrenck jhm uber sein beide Arm / helt er wider das du nicht außreissen noch uberschrencken kanst / so laß unden durchlauffen mit dem knopff / und greiff jhm uber sein rechten Arm / threib die ringen gegen jhm.
	Changing through is useful against those who fight with the Squinter or Crooked Cuts. Note this also, if he does not extend his hands far from him in his cuts but rather holds them close by himself in fighting, you may readily change through far from him. Item If he fights with winding, reversing, Crooked Cuts, Squinting Cuts or any other Stück with it he shortens his strike or cannot fight long from himself, how it then goes in such Stücken in which you shall also (before they bring their technique to the halfway) change through against him, to the other side which he opens with this shortening, thus you force him to displace and he allows the Vor to pass to you. Item If one fights far and long from himself with the long edge, however more to your sword than body, then you shall change through to the next opening and allow him to fall through with his cuts. So then be diligent with how you fence, that is with the short or long edge, that you namely cut him to the opening, that is, you cut him to the body and if it does not always happen that you may cut him to the body, thus when he changes through, you quickly fall in after his Sword to the opening. Also thus note this Rule in all cutting, when you connect or catch his blade with your strong, in the bind, as soon as it clashes, you shall cut at once with the weak (that is with the forward part) to the body or next opening cut at, so that then your sword cuts likewise at his blade and body, or as soon as your strong connects with his sword, then as they clash together you shall turn the weak to the nearest opening with flicking, snapping and winding.	Vom durchwechseln. DUrchwechseln gehört auff die / so also mit Schieler oder Krumphäuwen fechten / das merck also / streckt er sein hende nicht lang von jhm in seinen Häuwen / sonder behalt die im Fechten nahe bey sich / dem magstu frölich durchwechseln in der weite. Item ficht er auß dem Winden / Verkehren / Krumphäuw / Schielhäuwen / oder was der stuck mehr seindt / damit er sein streich verkürtzet / oder nicht lang von sich kan Fechten / wie es dann in solchen stucken geschicht / denen soltu auch durchwechseln (ehe dann sie jhre stuck zum halben endt bringen) zur andern seiten / welche er mit solchen verkürtzen Blöst / damit zwingestu jhn zuversetzen / unnd das er dir das Vor lassen muß. Item ob schon einer weit und lang von sich ficht / mit Langer schneid / aber doch mehr zu deinem Schwerdt dann leib / dem soltu aber durchwechseln / zur nechsten Blöß / und jhn mit seinen Häuwen verfallen lassen / Derhalben so fleiß dich was du fichtest / es sey mit langer oder kurtzer schneid / das du jhme fürnemlich zur Blöß / das ist zum leibe Hauwest / und ob es schon nicht alwegen kan sein / das du jhme den nechsten zum leibe hauwen magst / so soltu doch so bald er durchwechselt seinem Schwerdt nach zur Blös einfallen / auch merck dise Regel in allen häuwen / so du mit der sterck deines Schwerdts sein kling rührest oder empfahest im band / als bald und gleich mit / in dem es noch glitzt / soltu zugleich auch mit der schwech deiner klingen / das ist mit dem eussern theil zum Leib oder [LVr] nechsten Blös inhauwen / das also dein Schwerdt sein kling unn leib zugleich trifft / oder so bald dein sterck sein Schwerdt rühret / so soltu noch also im zusamen glützen / die schwech zur nechsten Blöß wenden / mit Schnellen / schnappen und winden.
	Further you should take from these lessons, when you will execute these techniques against someone who knows how to change through against you, for example when you send your sword into the air for a Squinting Cut or Crooked Cut. Item To the Crossing over, Falling and others which are similar, as soon as you realize that he will change through, then fall from such work into the Long Slice, to the opening that he gives you by changing through. For often when he changes through he opens himself, And when you travel after to his opening, then watch for his sword with the long edge, if it would come too near to you, that you turn the strong against him and at the same time, remain on his opening with the short edge, as soon as you have connected, then remain no longer but rather let it quickly fly away from one opening to another.	Ferner hald dich auch diser lehr / wann du solche stuck Fechten wilt gegen denen er dir durchwechseln kann / als nemlich dieweil du dein Schwerdt in der lufft führest / zu einem Schielhauw oder Krumphauw. Item zum verschrencken / verfellen und was dergleichen ist / so bald du gewar wirst das er durchwechseln will / so verfall auß solcher arbeit in den langen schnit / das ist in das Langort der Blöße zu / die er dir geben wirt im durchwechseln / dann so offt er durchwechselt blöst er sich / unnd in dem du ihme zur Blöß durchreissest / so wardt mit der Langen schneide seines schwerdts / wo es dir zu nahe komen wolt / das du mit der sterck gegen ihme wendest / unn gleich wol mit der kurtze schneide auff seiner Blöse bleibest / als bald du gerühret hast / so verharr nicht lenger / sondern laß behendt abfliegen von einer Blöß zur andern.
	The Thwart you shall also consider valuable, With it your skill in the sword becomes great. The Thwart is one of the chief master techniques with the sword. For you should know, if the Thwart did not exist, then it would be like "half fencing", especially when you are under the opponent’s sword and therein you can no longer attack with long cuts through the Cross, and if I have already written enough about the Thwart such that if someone knows how to fight, he could have a sufficient understanding from it, but meanwhile I write not great of great Fencers or Artists, also I have not intended to write historically of fencing, as the art is drawn from memory. But rather solely, I've attempted to write an instruction book, therefore I will not only repeat the Thwart here, but also write more fully about it, for the instruction of those that love such art.	Die Zwirch soltu auch halten werdt / Damit ganz wirdt dein kunst im Schwerdt. Die Zwiirch ist auch der fürnemen Meisterstuck eins im Schwerdt / dann du solt wissen / wann die Zwirch nit wehre wie jetziger zeit im brauch ist / were es umb das halb Fechten geschehen / sonderlich wann du under des Mannes Schwerdt darinnen bist / da du nicht mehr mit langen Häuwen durch kreutz Fechten kanst / ob ich schon vornen auch von den Zwirchen geschriben / sovil das wo einer Fechten kan / gnugsam verstand darauß fassen köndte / aber dierweil vil an der Zwirch (wie gesagt) gelegen / zu den ich auch grossen Meistern / sonder vil mehr den lehrnenden zuschreiben mir fürgenomen / Derhalben ich die Zwirch hie nicht allein wider holen / sonder auch weitläuffiger davon schreiben / zur lehr denen die solche kunst lieben.
	In Zufechten take note if your opponent will attack at you from the Day, (that is from above) then slash up from the right Change toward your opponent's face, when he will strike or cut, then let your blade drive towards your left and around your head, so that your flat stands upward and your thumb is underneath on your shield, step with your right foot well around his left side toward him, simultaneous with the step, cut with the short edge from your right to his left ear, so that together your hilt and with the thumb underneath, stands high above your head to the displacing, so then if he strikes, you will catch his stroke on the strong of your sword and at the same time with the forward short, you cut athwart from below to his left ear, how the second figure shows, as soon as the swords connect together or clash, then strike with the long Thwart deep at his right ear, such that your thumb remains underneath, perpendicular.	Im zufechten hab acht / ob der Mann auff dich von Tag / das ist von Oben angreiffen wil / so streich von dem rechten Wechsel auff / gegen des Manns gesicht / in dem er schlagen oder Hauwen will / so laß dein kling neben deiner Linken umb den Kopff fahren / das dein flech ubersich stehe / und dein Daumen undersich auff deinem Schilt / oder der Schilt auff deinem Daumen lige / trit mit dem Rechten fuß wol umb sein Lincke seiten zu jhm / gleich mit [LVv] dem trit / Hauwe mit halber schneide von deiner Rechten seiten / gegen seinem Lincken ohr / das dein gehiltz sampt dem Daumen unden hoch uber dem Haupt stehe zur versatzung / also das wo er schlüge / du im sein streich auff die stercke deines Schwerdts empfangest / unn zugleich mit der eussern kurtzen schneid zwerch von unden zu seinem Lincken ohr treffest / so bald die Schwerdter zusamen rühren oder glützen / so schlag mit der langen Zwirch / das dein Daumen unden bleib / ubereck zu seinem rechten Ohr tieff.
	Secondly, Note when you strike in with a Thwart at the same time as him, or bind on, then from this same, at once search above and below for the openings, with reversing, snapping around again, or Thwarts, fearless Traveling after, then as soon as One will cut from above at you, thus displace him with the Thwart, so that with this, the swords clash together, then reverse, set off upwards, seek the openings and fight with the types of works that have been reported here previously. Wherein Liechtenauer speaks correctly in his cryptic verses, The Thwart takes All that come from above, Thwart with the strong Mark your work with it that is; all high strikes, displace with the Thwart, or how I have here set forth with my Rhymes: For everything that comes from the Roof The thwart may displace this In the Onset drive the Failer strongly Note also you Reverse and Fail with it If one cuts at you from above, thus Thwart strongly against his strike, you force him to fall so much lower with his cut, when it connects you must then thrust your pommel through under your right, reverse, press downwards, let the blade snap around again with the short edge in his face, yet such that in the reversing and snapping around you remain with the slice on his arms.	Zum andern merck / wann du mit einem Zwirchschlag zugleich mit jme einhauwest oder anbindest / so bald such Oben und Unden auff derselben seiten die Blöß / mit verkeren und wider umbschnappen / oder Zwirchen Uberschrencken / Nachreisen / Schneiden / Hend trucken / Außreissen / dann als bald dir einer von Oben zuhauwet / so versetz ihm mit der Zwirch / in dem die Schwerdter zusamen glitzen oder rühren / so verkehr schrenck ubersich die Blöß / unnd ficht was dir für arbeit hie neben gemelt zu erst werden mag / Darumb spricht Lichtenawer recht in seinen verborgenen Reimen / Zwirch benimbt / Was von oben kümpt. Item Zwirch mit der sterck / Dein arbeit damit merck. Das ist alle Tach streich versetz mit Zwirch / oder wie ich sie hie meinen Reimen gesetzet. Dann alles was da kompt von tag/ Die Zwirch solches versetzen mag. Im angriff treib die Zwirch mit Sterck/ Verkehren / fehlen auch mit merck. Hauwet einer auff dich von Tag / so Zwirch gegen seinem streich mit sterck / damit zwingestu ihn das er dester dieffer mit seinen Hauw zu thal fallen muß / in dem es glitzt so stoß dein knopff under deinem rechten Arm durch / verkehr also unn truck undersich / laß die kling als bald wider umschnappen / die kurtz schneide in sein gesicht / doch das du im verkeren und umbschnappen mit dem Schnit auff sein Armen bleibest
	This stuck goes well when you do it quickly. However, if he escapes you upward too quickly with his arms, then allow your blade drive around your head, so that your long edge comes forward on his arms, athwart through with an under cut, how the figure here after shows, however do not let go with your left hand from the hilt, rather thrust him from you with crossed hands.	Diß stuck gehet wol an wann du es in einer geschwinde machest / wischet er dir aber mit den Armen zubehendt ubersich / so laß dein klingen umbfahren umb dein Kopff / das dein Lange schneid / vornen an sein Arm kome uberzwerch durch einen Underhauw / wie das kleiner Bild in der Figur I. zur lincken hand außweist / aber laß die lincke hand nit vom Hefft / sonder stoß jhn von dir mit geschrenkten Henden.
	To Plow and ox you are quick Threaten the cut at once against the target This verse is very clear, how the others also are, namely that you should quickly cut the Thwart to the Ox and Plow, to the lower and upper opening, to the left and right, nimbly crosswise, diagonally opposite to all four parts, how with other names, thus you will see the four openings, further reported hereafter, extensively.	[LVIrv] Zum Pflug und Ochssen bist behendt / Ihm trauw den Hauw bald wider endt. Der Reimen ist an im selber auch gar deutlich / wie auch die andern / Nemlich das du zu dem Ochssen und Pflug / das ist zur undern und obern Blöß / zu Linck und Recht / behendiglich kreutzweiß und ubereck Zwirchen solt / zu allen vier theilen / wie mit andern Häuwen / so in den vier Blössen hievor weitleuffiger gelehrt.
	Next you will learn from the rhyme, how with the high cuts you shall deceive, thus you step forth, then position yourself with comportment and cut a powerful Thwart to his left, if he would go against your sword, whether from above or below, do not allow it to connect, but pull away again and Thwart cut to his right, against his head, you may also threaten him with the thwart to his lower left, then thwart from above.
	Item Threaten to the lower right, and cut to the lower left with this Thwart, thus you can also note that then when you go at his left with the Thwart, then at once to the right threaten but strike back to the left, where you firstly intended, from this knowledge you can pull the Thwart to both sides, crosswise and diagonally opposite. Threaten, then strike after your advantage how it pleases you and in the rough Zufechten there is no cut as safe as the Thwart.
	Note when the Thwart is executed with a spring, And you execute failing with it, it connects at your will Note in the Onset when you will deliver a Thwart to the upper left opening, then spring well out with it and also let your pommel go well upward, thus the Thwart goes deep at his head, especially when you disguise the gesture, you can also when he likewise does not perceive the spring until it has happened, and the Thwart has hit, but if he sees it and defends or parries you, then you shall cut to the lower and opposite corner.	Merck was für Zwürch mit springen wirdt geführt / Auch fehlest mit / nach wüntschen rührt. Merck im zufechten / wann du zur Lincken obern Blöß zwirchen wilt / so spring zu solcher wol auff/ und laß auch den knopff wol ubersich gehen / so gehet die Zwirch tieff zum Kopff / sonderlich wann du die geberdt also verstellen kanst / auch gleich unversehens mit der Zwirch daher gesprungen bist / das er des sprungs nicht gewahr nimpt biß er geschehen / und die Zwirch getroffen hat ersicht ers aber unnd wehret oder versetzet solches / so trit eilents mit dem Lincken fuß gegen seiner Rechten seiten / unnd Zwirche ihm von deiner Lincken / mit gesenktem Leib zu seiner Rechten undern blöß / die hast du (wo er die erste zwirch versetzt hat) gewiß.
	Item When you thus strike with the Thwart high at your opponent with a spring, and however you do not let it hit, but rather fail and run off beside his left and you strike in rapidly with the Thwart at another opening, then you will hit at your will. For before he thinks to parry the Thwart, you have hit elsewhere.	Item wann du also dem Mann in einem sprung hoch und tieff zuschlechst / mit der zwirch oder sonst einer flech / und last es aber nicht treffen / sonder neben seiner Lincken fehl lauffen / schlechst also in eil mit der Zwirch einer andern Blöß / so triffestu nach wunsch / dann ehe er sich besinnet die Zwirch zuversetzen / so hastu anderst wo getroffen / wo du anders solches mit gantzen Leib führest / das ist die geberdt zu solchem stuck recht brauchest.
	Double shall your Failer be done Likewise double the step and slice The Failer is a good technique against the fencers who will gladly displace like in the previous Stück concerning the Thwart, then when you cut to an opening and note that he wishes to parry after, then allow your cut to fail and go by, and cut diagonal to another opening, Double failing is an artful technique and requires an experienced fighter as well, however I will present and describe here to you several double and single techniques from which you can learn many kinds of Failers.	Doppel solt du den Fehler machen / Deß gleichen Trit und Schnit zwifachen. Der Fehler ist ein gut stuck gegen den Fechtern die gern versetzen / wie auch die vorige stuck auß der Zwirch / als wann du einer Blöß zuhauwest / und merckest das er dem Hauwe nach / versetzen / so laß du den Hauw fehl fürüber [LVIIr] lauffen / und schlechst einer andern Blöß zu / Doppel fehlen ist ein kunstreich stuck / unnd gehöret ein geübter Fechter darzu / aber ich will dir etliche stuck doppel unnd einfach hieher setzen und beschreiben / darauß du allerley fehler wol lernen kanst.
	Item In the Zufechten send yourself into the Wrath guard to the right, as soon as he brings his sword in the air, then cut from your right with the long edge to his right side, by going over your head and with outstretched arms, but fail and drive the Thwart to his left, do not allow that to connect but rather go around the head again and cut with the long edge so that you swing in with the Flat to his right ear, now reverse, snap around and allow it to fly.	Im zufechten schick dich in die Zornhut zur Rechten / als bald er sein Schwerdt in die lufft bringt / so hauwe von deiner Rechten umb dein Kopff / mit Langer schneid und außgestreckten Armen / zu seiner Rechten seiten fehl durch / also das die Zwirch gewaltig in der lufft wider umbfleugt gegen seinem Lincken ohr / laß aber nit rühren / sonder zuck wider umb den Kopff / und hauwe mit Langer schneide das sich die flech dapffer einschwing zu seinem Rechten ohr / jetz verkehr / schnap umb laß verfliegen / und was dir für arbeit werden mag.
	Item In the Zufechten cut a long High cut to his upper left opening when you in the Zufechten, cut a long High Cut at his upper left opening, when you have almost connected with his blade above in the air with the cut, then change this High Cut into a Thwart, and strike him with the Thwart from below at his left ear or arm, that goes to both sides.	Item im zufechten hauw ein langen Oberhauw / zu seiner Lincken obern Blöß / wann du mit dem Hauw oben in der Lufft schier an sein klingen rührest / so verwandle den Oberhauw in ein Zwirch / und schlag ihn mit der zwirch von Unden zu dem Lincken ohr / oder Armen / Dises seind die rechten Fechtstuck / darauß vil feiner stuck gefochten werden.
	A Failer with the False step In the Zufechten deliver a lofty High Cut and when your blade almost connects with his blade, at once change the High Cut into a Thwart and at the same time as the Thwart step through to the side with your right foot, between you and him to his right side, at once allow your sword to snap around again and strike him with the short edge to his right ear so that your hands are crosswise, or cut after with the long edge and spring well out to his right side with this strike.	Ein Fehler mit dem falschen Trit. IM zufechten hauwe einen hohen Oberhauw / und wann dein kling schier an sein Klinge ruhret /als bald verwandle den Oberhauw in ein Zwirch / und gleich mit der Zwirch trit mit deinem Rechten fuß zwischen dir und jhm beiseits durch / auff sein Rechte seiten / und hauw jhn under des durch solche Zwirch den ort zwischen seinen Armen zum Maul / wie du solches an den kleinern obern Bilder in hie nach getruckter Figur sehen kanst / als bald laß wider umb schnappen / und schlag ihn mit kurtzer schneide und gekreutzigten Henden wider umb zu seinem Rechten ohr / oder hauwe mit Langer schneide nach / doch spring mit solchem streich wol auff sein Rechte / beiseits auß.
	Twice or Double failing Item In the Zufechten, before you correctly come to him, thus cut through besides your right, so that your weapon shoots over in plunging, step on your way, with the right foot to him, let your sword drive around the head and pull a high strike from the Roof while in the air, but cross your hands, threaten to cut with the short edge, if he whisks this from him and will set on, thus wind you hand around again and convert your Crooked edge into a thwart, let the thwart also not proceed, but rather fail and run past, then strike the other, to his right side, that is double failing, these two failers will be accomplished in the air when you wind around his blade, yet you can terminate this therein when you will, to the displacing or in a winding, thus when he would reach to you, that you with your device would not like to come to him, but when you have deceived him, that he feels he must displace you, thus is the double failer very good and goes very quickly. Item This is also called the double failer when you let it double or twice run off, to deceive him.	Zwifach oder doppel fehlen. ITem im zufechten ehe du recht zu ihm kompst / so hauwe neben deiner Rechten durch / das dein Wehr überschiesse im sturtz / trit fürbaß mit dem rechten Fuß zu jhm / laß dein Schwerdt umb den Kopff fahren / und zuck ein [LVIIIr] hohen streich von dach in der lufft / aber verschrenck deine Hend / trauwe jhm mit der kurtzen schneiden zu schlagen / wischt er jhm nach und wil versetzen / so wend dein Hend wider umb / und verwandle dein Krumpschneide in ein Zwirch / laß die Zwirch auch nicht rühren / sonder füruber lauffen fehl / und schlag zur andern seiner Rechten seiten / das ist doppel gefehlt / dise zwen fehler werden gleich in der lufft sam du windest umb sein klingen in einem flug volbracht / doch kanstu abbrechen darinnen wann du wilt zur versatzung oder in ein verwenden / so er dich erreichen würde / das du mit deinem stuck nit zu ihm kommen möchst / wann du jhn aber darzu getrungen hast / das er dir versetzen muß / so ist der doppel fehler sehr gut / und gehet gar geschwindt zu. Item das heist auch doppelfehl wann einer doppel oder zweymal ablauffen lest / den Mann zuverführen.
	Another from the double Failer In the Zufechten bring a high strike from your right and in the air, before it connects, thus wind the short edge against him, as if you would cut the Squinter cut, but don’t let the short edge connect either, but rather quickly fail and run off, and swing in to him with your weak, to his right ear with crossed arms, let it quickly fly around again, and fall on him with the slice to the next opening, or on his sword, from there to the body and on the arm.	Ein anders auß dem doppel fehler. IM zufechten bring ein hohen streich von deiner Rechten und in der lufft / noch ehe dann es rühret / so verwende die kurtz schneide gegen jhm / sam du den Schielhauw wöllest hauwen / laß aber die kurtz schneide auch nicht rühren / sonder laß jhn einer behendt auch fehl lauffen / und schwinge jhm dein schwech zu seinem Rechten ohr / mit gekreutzigten Armen / laß behendt widerumb abfliegen / und fall jhme mit dem Schnit zur nechsten Blöß / oder an sein Schwerdt / von dannen zum leib und auff die Arm.
	Counter to the Thwart Mark when you have bound with one from above, or, at the same time, cut in with him, thus see if he would with the Thwart strike around, [and] thus come before with the Thwart under his blade, on his neck.	Bruch auff die Zwirch. MErck wann du mit einem von Oben bindest / oder gleich mit jhm einhauwest / so sihe ob er mit der Zwirch wöll umbschlagen / in dem er umbschlegt / so kome vor mit der zwirch under seiner klingen an sein halß / wie das grösser Bild in der Figur L. zur Lincken hand anzeiget.
	Item, if he thwarts from under, so that you can't come from below thus catch his Thwart on your shield with diverting, so that your blade hangs over his.	Item zwircht er von Unden / das du darunder nicht kommen kanst / so fange sein Zwirch mit fürschieben / an dein Schilt / und stoß dein knopff oberhalb deinem rechten Arm wol von dir / unnd wendt jhm die Lange schneid aussen uber seiner kling von Unden auff zum Kopff / wie das grösser Bild in der Figur N. zur rechten hand außweiset.
	From Stepping In stepping is much concerned. Therefore, see that you give stepping to him with every one of the cuts, then when you cut to his openings and you don't step with the foot from which side you have cut, thus is the cut useless, but when you don't dare to give all to the cut, thus may you also not step fully, rather only with the gestures stand, when you do step, such you will better learn still, with practice. Twice stepping is done like this, when you are stepping with your right to his left, this necessitates then that you still farther step around, thus step quickly with the left foot towards the right, behind your right foot beyond or past, before you have even set your left, you can step forth with the right, then Slice double, mark this following device: If one cuts at you from his right, thus cut also from your right simultaneously, with the short edge and crossed hands, so that in this, the sword proceeds, thus step in with a double step with the right foot, quickly around to his left, and fall with your long edge on his arm, now set above, and if he drives upwards, and will not trouble you with the slice, thus follow after with an under slice on his arm, shove him from you how the figure nearby demonstrates, that is a proper and Old Cut and cuts down a Master with it. Item when you have Sliced one on the Arm, you may also part him through the Mouth with the slice.	[LIXr] Von Tritten. AM treten ist vil gelegen / darumb schauw das du einem jeden streich sein trit gebest / dann wañ du jhme zur blöß hauwest / und tritst nicht mit dem fuß / von welcher seiten du gehauwen hast / so ist der Hauw kein nutz / wan du aber den Hauw nicht gantz sonder nur trauwest zuhauwen / so darffestu auch nicht gantz treten / sondern mit geberden nur stellen / sam du trettest / doch wirt dich solches die übung besser lehren / Zwifach trit mach also / wan du mit deinen Rechten zu seiner Lincken treten bist / erfordert dann dein stuck das du noch ferner herumb treten must / so trit mit dem Lincken fuß dem Rechten nach / hinder dein Rechten hinauß oder füruber / ehe du dan den Lincken noch kaum setzest / kanst du mit dem Rechten fürt treten / den Schnit zwifachen / merck diß nachvolgendt stuck / Hauwet einer auff dich von seiner Rechten / so Hauwe auch von deiner Rechten gegen seinem streich / doch mit kurtzer schneide und gekreutzigten Henden / in dem die Schwerdter rühren / so trit in einem zwifachen trit mit dem rechten fuß behendiglich ferner umb sein Lincke zu ihm / und fall mit Langer schneid vom Schwerdt ab / auff sein Arm / jetz schrenck uber / fehrt er ubersich unnd wil den Schnit nit leiden / so folge ihm nach mit dem Underschnit in seine Arm / stoß ihn also mit deinem kreutz und schilt von dir ehe er sich erholt / Hauw nach. Das ist der recht alt Schnit / und gehört ein Meister darzu / Item wann du einem auff die Arm geschnitten hast von Oben / so magst ihm die schneide durchs Maul ziehen.
	From the sword to the body, reverse with it, Twice, or slice on the weapon. This is the correct gloss for the previous verses, which tells you to wind twice or slice on the weapon. Understand it thus: When you slice from the sword on to his arms, you shall at once reverse. If he then escapes you upward, then you shall pull or wind your pommel back out from under your arm; thus you reverse your sword back around. Slicing on the weapon is when the double reversing has failed you; then you shall chase after twice, and remain with the slice on his arms. If he defends this, then fall on his blade with the slice, and see that you hold him, do not let him come away without your advantage, but rather chase after always.	Vom Schwerdt zum Leib / damit verkehr/ Zweimal / oder Schneid in die Wehr. Das ist die recht Glosse uber den vorigen Reimen / das aber sagt wind zweimal oder schneid in die Wehr / verstandt also / wann du vom Schwerdt auff sein Arm schneidest / soltu als bald verkehren / entwischt er dir dann ubersich / so soltu dein knopff / under deinem Arm wider herfür winden / so kehrt sich dein Schwerdt widerumb / In die Wehr Schneiden ist / wann dir das zweymal verkehren gefehlt / solt du zwifach nachreisen / mit dem Schnit auff den Armen bleiben / wehrt er das / so fall seiner kling zu mit dem Schnit / und schauw das du jhn ohn deei vortheil nit abkommen lassest / sondern reiss alwegen nach.
	Chasing is extremely good, With slicing and winding protect yourself Chasing is multiple and varied, and should be done with great cautiousness against fencers who fight with long and free cuts, and have no proper art. Do it thus: In the Zufechten, when you approach him with your left foot forward and you hold your sword in the Roof guard, if he cuts long from above at your head, then do not displace him, but rather see that you escape from him with your head and sword, so that he does not connect, but let him fail, in this he falls with his sword and cut to the ground, below you, then step quickly with the right foot close to him and cut in forcefully from above to his head before he recovers or comes up again, if he however drives up quickly and displaces, then remain hard on his sword and feel if he goes through strongly upwards, thus allow your sword quickly to be soft and go upwards, step and cut around with a thwart to his right.	[LIXv] Nachreisen ist außbindig gut / Mit Schneiden / Winden dich behut. Nachreisen ist vil und mancherley / und gehöret zu treiben mit grosser fürsichtigkeit / gegen den Fechtern die da ohn alle kunst mit langen Häuwen umb sich Fechten / die treib also / wann du im zufechten zu jhm kompst / mit dem Lincken fuß vor / und dein Schwerdt im Tag heltest / Hauwet er auff dich von Oben lang zu deinem Kopff / so versetze jhm nicht / sondern schauw wie du jhm entfallest mit dem Kopff unnd Schwerdt / under seiner klingen dieweil die noch in der lufft herfleuget / durch / gegen der andern seiten / das er der keins rühret / laß ihn also verfehlen / in dem er mit seinem Schwerdt und Hauw noch undersich fellet gegen der Erden / so Hauwe jm listiglich unnd behend in gemeltem durchtreten von Oben hinein zum Kopff und das ehe er sich erholet oder wider ubersich kompt / fehrt er aber so behend ubersich / also das er dir versetzet / so bleib hart auff seinem Schwerdt / und füle eben / ob er starck ferner ubersich tringt / so laß dein Scwerdt behend ubersich doch leiß außgehen / trit unnd schlag mit der Zwirch umb zu seiner Rechten.
	Item If one binds on to you from his right, thus pay attention when he strikes around, thus follow after him with the Slice on his arms to his right. Item If you stand in the guard of the Fool, and he falls on your sword with his own before you come up, then remain below on his sword, and heft upwards; feel meanwhile whether he in the displacing, intends to execute a cut or winding against you, if so, then do not let him come away from your sword, but pursue him, and work meanwhile to the nearest opening. Also note that chasing is when an opponent goes too high upward, and you chase him below either with cutting or slicing as he draws up for the stroke; likewise if he strays too wide to the side, and you chase his weapon to the opening from above. And in all chasing, if he escapes you, be sure to turn your long edge against his weapon; and take good heed of the slice, for with it you can force him out of all his work.	Item bindt einer auff dich von seiner Rechten / so hab acht wann er umbschlegt / so folge jhm mit dem Schnit nach auff sein Arm zu seiner Rechten / Oder stehest du in der Hut / und er fellet dir auff dein Schwerdt mit dem seinen ehe du auff kommest / so bleib also unden an seinem Schwerdt / und heb ubersich / füle in dessen ob er dir dann auß der verzatzung ein Hauwe oder Winden machen wölle so laß jhn von deinem Schwerdt nicht kommen / sonder volge jhme daran nach / unnd arbeite in des zur nechsten Blöß / auch merck das Nachreisen ist / wann einer zu hoch ubersich fehret / das du jhme unden in dem er auffzeucht zum streich Nachreisest / es sey mit Hauwen oder Schneiden / deßgleichen verfehrt er sich auch zu weit auff die seiten / so reiß jhme auch seiner Wehr nach zur Blöß von Oben / in allem Nachreisen aber so hab acht wo er dir entgienge / das du die Lange schneide gegen seinem Wehr wendest / unnd nimb des Schnits wol war / dann damit kanstu ihn zwingen auß aller seiner arbeit.
	Some twice or more Let it fly, begin with it That is, you should pay attention, when you are laying on against him with the slice, that you shall not allow him free, but rather once or twice follow after with the slice and with this hinder him in his work and intentions, then when he least expects it, thus you should artfully fly away to the nearest opening before he realizes it. This is a true master’s Stück; and begin with it, that is:	Bey zweimalen oder darinnen / Verfliegen laß / damit begüne. [LXr] Das ist du solt acht haben / wann du jhm mit dem Schnit auffgesessen bist / das du jhn nit gleich ledig solt lassen / sondern einmal oder zwey mit dem Schnit nachvolgen / unnd jhn damit an seiner arbeit und stuck verhindern / wann er sich dann am wenigsten versihet soltu listig jhme unmercklich ehe ers gleich gewahr wirt / mit dem Schwerdt entfliegen / einer andern der nechsten Blöß zu / ist ein recht Meisterstücklein / damit begine das ist.
	Send the hits to all four targets, Learn the pullings, you will deceive them You must be well versed in the four openings, if you will fight certainly, then you fight with whatever Stücken and cuts, as good as they may be, if you do not know how to cut off with each one to every quarter, and to mutate the intended Stück, by transforming it into other convenient work, from what he fights against you and how he meets your Stücken, then it can happen that you will take forth with one device to a particular opening, and yet he sends himself against you such that you can have another closer opening, this opportunity will escape you, if you execute your intended Stücken without happening to notice other opportunities, therefore be diligent where you may at once fight by flying freely to the four openings. Because you have only three ways to cut and strike, that is with the long and short edge, and with the flat, from which together, all fencing is composed of, and targeting to the four divisions of the opponent; from which are given all other fortuitous techniques, like pulling, doubling, running off. Thus take note of the following divisions and cuts, that you correctly make your cuts opposite and crosswise to each other.	Zu allen vier enden treib die treffen / Die zucken lern / wiltu sie effen. Der vier Blössenen mustu wol bericht sein / wilt du anderst etwas gewisses Fechten / dann du fichtest für häw und stuck so gut sie wollen / wann du nicht in einem jeden quatier weist ab zubrechen / unnd die fürgenommene stuck zu mutieren / in andere füglichere arbeit verwandelen / jhe nach dem er gegen dir ficht/ unnd deinen stucken begegnet / dann es kan geschehen das du ein stuck dir fürnimbst / einer Blöß zu / und aber er sich so gegen dir schickt das du ein andere nehere Blöß haben kanst / welche gelegenheit dir entgienge / so du dein fürgenommen stuck also ohne auffmerckens anderer zufelliger gelegenheit zufechtest / darumb fleiß dich das du bald bedacht seyest / zu allen vier Blössen frey fliegent zufechten / Dieweil du der arten nur dreyerley hast zuhauwen und zuschlagen / als mit Langer und kurtzer schneide / unnd mit der flech / von welchen alles Fechten zusamen Componiret / nach den vier theilen das Manns gerichtet / auß welchen sich dann all andere zufellige stuck als Zucken / Doplieren / Ablauffen / geben / davon hievor gnugsam gehandlet.
	In the onset cut with your long edge to his left ear, as soon as this clashes or connects, pull around your head and cut the next also with the long edge, to his lower right opening, then third, to his lower left opening the fourth to his upper right opening, these 4 cuts should go quickly from one into another, And all strikes should be well to the body, also you should do these cuts with the short edge, to the four openings of the man
	Item, thus also with the Flat, note that you cut with close hand to his left and to the right, inside with your hand this is from under or above, you may change through or reverse on him, to your own opportunity, then you cut the first from under to his right, the second to the upper left, the third to his upper right and the fourth to his lower left, when you cut these four strikes together into one another, you can in the very beginning or onset, deftly change off and pull them how it pleases you.
	Similarly when you come with the thwart strike against one another over-handed, it is with the long, short or flat. When you do these four cuts and have learned to strike also to the four openings, thus learn also pulling, threatening, failing and then know the same from these following writings; step and cut to his upper left opening, but do not let this hit, rather when you come merely on his sword with this strike, then pull off again to a flight, and strike him to his lower right opening and cut or strike still to him the first confidently to his upper openings to the left, thus you may pull and fail with them to all 4 openings Crosswise and athwart above, also your benefit is to learn the Circle cut, this is an Over and under cut together on one side, short and long and with the flat from such is known in the first assault, cut a long High cut to his left ear, and when this clashes thus pull both cuts upwards so that your Pommel comes through under your right, and cut with the long edge from under to his left. Step Indes with your left foot behind yours and come with the hilt high above your head. And still again then cut the first an undercut with the Long edge to his lower opening with a step to of your right foot, quickly pull upwards besides your right and cut the other from above to his left, with a back-step of your left foot behind your right, so that you stand covered behind your blade.
	Stück Item, Pull from your right a high strike to his left, but in the air, cross your hands and strike with the half edge to his left ear, Pull your hands again upwards, and strike with a Thwarter again from below to his left ear, thus also still again cut the Thwart from below to his left, with a step to Quickly pull upwards besides your right and thrust rapidly your pommel through under your right arm, and wind then with crossed hands again from your upper right in to his left, for this known strike, is also with the Flat from below and above together on one side, that goes for both sides and mark when you strike to the lower right opening, this is long or short, thus your cut comes crosswise and opposite but to the upper openings you come not crosswise, but like in the old Schielhau, thus step to him and shoot before through and strike with the half edge from you left to his right, not crossed, but over you right hand, pull nimbly again above you towards your left and cross your hands in the air, strike him with crossed hands to his lower openings from your left, in this, show that your head is well behind your blade, some twice or three times to his right thus you come also with the flat and long edge from under and above besides his right to his strikes, how it is taught, like when you connect above but quickly cut low.
	Item threaten to him from above with a Quick strike, or cut in at him from above, and if he slips after, then pull up the cut and drive with your under cut to the same side, from this work arises the winding on the sword, namely when you have bound on his sword from your right to his left, then remain hard on his blade, thrust through with the pommel under your right arm through remain thus in advance on his sword and jerk your pommel again for the purpose of winding him again outside to his head, thus you find also three kinds, namely winding outwards and inwards short edge to both sides and you should know that I have not put them here for just any particular reason.
	Also execute slicing off and slinging, Send away the hard dangers with the slice. When you thus allow your Stücken to run to all four openings, how you are taught here with this same, then also pay attention to his course, that is to his Stücken, so that you are strong on him and slice off against him according to opportunity; thus hinder and slice off his devices, until you see opportunity for other work. The danger is the strikes from both sides; will you displace by slicing them off, then see that you overlook no opportunity, and also do not slice too wide from his body, so that he does not go through against you.	Abschneiden / Schlaudern bring auch mit / Die herten gefehrt weiß ab mit Schnit. Wann du nun also deine stuck zu all vier Blössenen lauffen last / wie hievor gelehret / so hab gleich auch mit achtung auff seinem lauff / das ist auff sein stuck / also das du jhme die nach gelegenheit steckest unnd abschneidest / darumb so hindere unnd schneide ihm sein stuck also lang ab / biß du dein gelegenheit ersihest zur andern arbeit / Die [LXv] zwey gefert seind die streich von beiden seiten / wann du sie abschneidest / so schauw das du kein gelegenheit versehest / und schneid auch nicht zu weit von seinem leib / das er dir nicht durchgang.
	Of the Slinging take heed as soon as he makes one of his sides open, thus rush in from under with the flat to his ear, cut nimbly again low to the opening or let it shoot up above and drive under his blade.	Des Schlauderns aber nim war / so bald er eine seiten bloß gibt / so rausch von Unden auff mit der flech an seine ohren / schneid behend wider nider zur Blöß / vom Schlaudern besihe ferner das erste theil im Capitel von der Handarbeit.
	Do not rely too much on the Crown, You will tend to get harm and shame from it Note when you displace with the horizontal cross guard, high up over your head, that is called the Crown. When you see that an opponent will run under your High Cut with the Crown, then do not let your High Cut actually connect, but rather pull the cut from him, that he drives out in vain, and cut with the long edge a middle cut athwart to his arm or wrist, this same thing thus you mark that when one who will gladly drive out and displace high, thus conduct yourself with comportment like you would cut high, do not complete this, but rather strike nimbly around to the lower openings with the Thwart, using flat or long edge or behind his arms to the ears you have it known.	Verlaß dich nicht zuvil auff d Kron / Du hast sonst von jhr schad und hon. Merck wann du mit uberzwerchem kreutz hoch uber deinem Haupt versetztest / das heist die Kron / wann du merckest das dir einer dein Oberhauw underlauffen will mit der Kron / so laß deinen Oberhauw nit gar rühren / sonder verzuck in dem Hauw / auff das er vergebens aufffehrt / und Hauwe mit Langer schneide / ein uberzwerchen Mittelhauw / zu seinen Armen oder Spindel / so du ihn lehmen wilt / Der halben als offt du merckest das einer gern hoch aufffehret zuversetzen / so stelle dich mit geberden sam du hoch woltest hauwen / thus aber nicht / sondern schlag behendt umb zur undern Blöß / mit der Zwirch / flech oder langer schneide / Summa wer dir krönen will dem mach ein Fehler.
	The Crown Strike is done thus; If one cuts at you from above, thus strike with the flat likewise and together with him to his left ear, so that your long edge connects in on his blade, and your corner on your short edge travels, thus strike your cross athwart, and hold your hand high above the head nearly like with the squinter cut and allow this nimbly to snap around again to the lower openings.
	Item Have diligence when you attack that you will sling to the high-cut or Zwerch strike, where he lets you shoot, see that you don't sling it, but rather fall off again.
	Strike powerfully through with the Long point Therewith hold off all hard dangers Stand with the left foot forwards and strike him from your right through his face, that the half edge goes forth once to four times nimbly one after another, thus you drive on to him, then attack to him from under and whether it is with Zwerch or Long edge, mark when you thus have slashed up to him, thus take heed when he strikes at you from above and from his right side, then wind him by slashing out your long edge against his blade so that it stays somewhat athwart, your point upwards and to his left. step at once with the left foot to his left and thrust the pommel instantly under your arm, cut in with the short edge with skidding behind his blade to his head step likewise with your right foot after and around his left and jerk the pommel again therefore, so that you stand with the sword in the Zwerch or in Hanging point.	Den Langen ort durch streich mit gewalt / Damit all harte gefehrt auffhalt. Standt mit dem Lincken fuß vor / unnd streich von deiner Rechten dem Mann durch sein gesicht / das die halb schneide vorgehet / ein mal oder vier behendt auff einander / so bald du jhn aufftreibest / so greiff jhn unden zu an / es sey mit Zwirch oder Langer schneid / und merck wann du also gegen jhm auffstreichest / so nim war / wan er von deiner Rechten auff dich Hauwet von Oben / so wend im auffstreichen dein Lange schneide gegen seiner klingen / und fang seinen Hauw in der lufft / in die sterck deines Schwerds / das dein kling etwas uberzwerch stande / dein ort gegen seiner Lincken ubersich auß / trit bald mit dem Lincken fuß zu seiner Lincken / und stoß dein knopff in des [LXIr] under dein Rechten arm durch / schlag jhn mit der kurtzen schneide mit abrützten hinder seiner klingen zum Kopff / wie dich der boß zur Lincken hand in der Figur mit dem B. verzeichnet lehrt / trit gleich mit deinem Rechten fuß wol; gegen seiner Lincken / rucke den knopff behend wider herfür / das du mit deinem Schwerdt in der Zwirch standest / oder im hengeten ort.
	Item When one cuts a High cut to you from his right, thus capture him in the air with an opposing cut, striking out, from your right, with the long edge in that when it connects, thus strike around with the Zwerch to his left Ear, this goes also to both sides. Mark when you thus have laid on in the long-point, then you have the setting off to the 4 windings, which goes to all sides, namely if he cuts from above, thus strike from under on his sword, and if he remains bound hard search instantly with winding flicking, Mark also instantly and feel when he will go away thus at once when he goes away around to strike, thus flick at him from above over his arm with wound blade, that the long edge smartly stays against his blade, cut nimbly around with the flat against the upper quadrants to the next opening, if its seen that as soon as you again are on his blade, he cuts at you from above, thus bar him from above it is with setting off or setting on, thus as often as it clashes so you are nimbly attentive to the next opening.
	Another Stuck Strike the opponent powerfully through his face, upwards step through the strike after to your opponent with your right foot and leave your sword slide around and set him the first in his chest, Zwerch his arms defend yourself with the strong over your hands, and mark in this, then as soon as he makes his sword too wide in the Long-point, thus lay on with the point outside and over his arm.
	Item Strike out before him and allow your sword to fly above besides your left, step and cut from your right from under at his arm, if he displaces this, thus wind and go through with the Grip and cast with your pommel outwards over his right arm, let go with your left hand from your grip, and grab therewith your blade to help the right, cut him with the long edge on his head.	Item streich vor jhm auff / und laß dein Schwerdt oben umbfliegen neben deiner Lincken / trit und Hauw von deiner Rechten / von unden gewaltig zu seinem Arm / versetzt er / so wind unden durch mit deinem hefft / und greiff mit deinem Knopff aussen uber seinen Rechten arm / laß dein lincke hand von dem Hefft / begreiff damit dein kling zu hilff der Rechten / schlag jhn mit Langer schneid auff sein Kopff / wie dich solches die bossen in der figur O. zur Rechten hand anzeigen.
	The Blind-cut you should let rebound Cast around the Thwart, have diligence to the flicking Slash him with the Long-point in his face, step and pull your sword around your head and strike with the inside flat from your right to his left through the middle line, take your head well out and wind around nimbly again on his Sword with the outside flat also to his left ear.	Den Blendthau soltu lassen bröllen / Umbwirff die Zwirch / fleiß dich des schnellen. Streich den Langen ort in sein gesicht / trit und zucke dein Schwerdt umb den Kopff / und schlag mit inwendiger flech von deiner Rechten / zu seinem Lincken ohr / durch die mittel Lini / nim den Kopff wol mit / und windt behendt an seinem Schwerdt wider umb die außwendige flech / auch zu seinem Lincken.
	Over-gripping Mark thusly when one binds on you from the right thus he presses weakly from you with the slice, with the sword, thus grab with your hand on your shield and cast with your blade over his both hands downwards and to your right, press the pommel from you.
	A Sword Taking Mark when one strongly binds to you on the blade, so remove your left hand from the pommel and grab there with both Blades in the middle, and drive with the haft or pommel over besides his both arms, Pull to you, thus must he lose his sword.
		Die hengen soltu weißlich bringen / Greiff nicht zu unzeit wiltu Ringen. Das ist so jhr beid einander eingelauffen seind / solt du dich des angreiffens gewiß machen / wann du anders ringen wilt / dann mit einem griff (so du fehlst) kanst du dich in gefahr geben / von welcher du dich ohn schaden kaum retten kanst.
		Von disem Greiffen und Ringen / merck dise folgende exempel / under welchen das erste auß dem Oberhauw genomen. IM zufechten / führe dein Schwerdt mit außgestreckter klingen vor her / das der vorder ort gegen seinem gesicht auß standt / als bald du jhn also erlangen kanst / so laß dein klingen von seinem gesicht gegen deiner Lin[LXIv]cken undersich sincken / zuck hiemit dein Schwerdt mit hangender klingen umb deinen Kopff / und Hauwe in einem zusprung / ein hohen und gewaltigen streich gegen seinem Lincken ohr / so bald der hauw getroffen / als bald zucke dein Klingen gerad ubersich ab / und bleib also mit den henden hoch uber deinem Kopff / die Klingen aber lasse hiemit neben deiner Lincken seiten undersich sincken / zu einem Underhauw gegen seinem Rechten Arm / underdeß sencke dich mit dem obern Leib eylents undersich / und lasse dieweil deine Lincke Hand vorm hefft ab / und ergreiffe mit derselbigen dein Schwerdts klingen in der mitte / fahr ihm also von unden auff / behendiglich (dieweil er mit seinem Armen dem ersten streich zuversetzen hoch ist) an seine beide Arm / wann du jhm nun also seine Arm zwischen dein beide hend / mit der langen schneide deines Schwerdts auffgefangen hast / so winde mit gewaldt mit dem vordern ort aussen uber seine beyde Arm / ist er zu starck / und dringer ubersich / so bleibe gleichwol mit deiner klingen hart an seinen Armen / und wind mit dem Knopff unden durch / greiffe mit demselbigen außwendig uber seinen Lincken Arm / und reiß mit gewalt undersich auß / in dem du also mit deinem Knopff undersich zu dir außreissest / so setze jhm dein vordern ort mit der Lincken hand uber seinen lincken Arm / innerhalb seinem rechten in sein gesicht / will er aber mit seinem Schwerdt weitter arbeiten / so ergreiffe jhm sein Rechte auch mit dem vordern theil deiner Klingen / und reisse undersich / und schlag jhn mit deinem Knopff in sein angesicht.
		Bruch. WAnn du gewahr wirst / das dir einer mit seiner klingen aussen uber deine beide Arm winden will / so lasse dein Lincke hand von dem Knopff / und ergreiffe damit dein Schwerdts klingen in der mitte / fahre dieselbige weil mit deinem Knopff zwischen seine beide Arm / unnd greiffe mit demselbigen / von inwendig uber seinen Rechten Arm / reiß also mit dem Knopff zu dir / und mit der klingen truck von dir / so nimst du jhm sein Schwerdt / Also folget immer ein Bruch auff den andern.
		Ein Ander. IM zufechten führe dein Schwerdt mit außgestreckten Armen / außgestreckt und lang vor dir her / unnd merck fleissig auff die gelegenheit / wann du die ersehen / so Hauwe abermals mit herumb gezucktem Schwerdt / ge[LXIIr]waltig von Oben gegen seinem Lincken ohr / in dem der Hauwe trifft / so fahr auff mit beiden Armen / unnd stoß dieselbige weil deinen Knopff under deinem Rechten Arm durch / lass hiemit dein Lincke hand eilents vom heffte / und greiffe mit derselbigen oberhalb deinem Rechten Arm wider an dein Schwerdts knopff / Stich jhm also hinder seinem Schwerdt gegen seinem gesicht / oder so du ein kurtz Schwerdt hast / so Stich jhm von Oben zwischen seinen beiden Armen hinein / und setze jhm den vordern ort an seine Brust / und trit mit dem Rechten fuß zuruck / stoß jhn also mit dem vorderen ort von dir / laß in dessen dein Schwerdt wider verfahren / und Hauwe von deiner Rechten uberzwerch zu seinem Lincken ohr / mit einem abtrit deines Lincken fusses / gantz durch / den letsten Hauwe zum abzug von deiner Lincken durch sein Rechte / Oder wann du einem also zwischen seinen Armen / von Oben hinein gestochen hast / so lasse dein Lincke hand vom Knopff / unnd ergreiffe mit derselbigen dein klingen / underhalb seinem Rechten Arm / wende mit derselbigen ubersich / vor seinem gesicht gegen seiner Lincken / und mit dem Knopff oder mit Rechter hand reisse undersich / so nimstu jhm sein Schwerdt.
		Ob du wol mit nach gedencken / vil Bruch aus den vorgehenden stucken erlehrnen kanst / so hieher dienstlich / will ich dir doch auch einen setzen also.
		Fehrt dir einer mit seinem hefft oder beiden henden / also wie gelehrt hoch auff / so fahre mit der Kron auch hoch auff / also das er mit dem ort nicht ansetzen kann / komme hiemit auch noch neher zu jhm / und lasse die Rechte hand von deinem hefft / verkehr dieselbige / unnd greiff damit zwischen seinen beiden Armen in sein hefft / ruck also mit verkehrter hand auff dein Rechte seiten / so nimstu jhm sein Schwerdt.
		IM zufechten so streiche mit außgestrecktem Schwerdt / von deiner Rechten starck und gewaltig ubersich / durch sein gesicht / als dann trit unnd Hauwe mit Langer schneide / von deiner Rechten / von uberzwerch ubersich / mit einem zutrit deines Rechten fusses gegen seinem Hals / als bald derselbige getroffen / so Hauwe den andern von deiner Lincken gegen seiner Rechten / auch uberzwerch von Unden / aber in dem du disen Underhauw herführest / so lasse dein Lincke hand ab vom hefft / und ergreiff damit abermals dein klingen in der mitte / und winde jhm mit dem vordern theil deiner klingen / oberhalb seinem Rechten arm zum gesicht / fehrt er aber mit seinen Armen auff / und will versetzen / so bleibe mit der Rechten hand sampt dem kreutz hoch / und wechsele mit der Lincken hand sampt dem vordern ort von Oben herab / neben seinem Rechten Arm herumb / und führe dasselbige vorder [LXIIv] ort zwischen seinen beyden Armen hinein / und greiffe mit demselbigen / von inwendig uber seinen rechtenArm / truck also mit dem Knopff von dir / und mit der klingen reisse zu dir / so nimstu jhm abermals das Schwerdt.
		Bruch. MErck in dem der Underhauw gegen deiner Rechten antrifft / unnd du den selbigen versetzt hast / so lasse dein Rechte hand vom Schwerdt / und greiffe mit derselbigen aussen uber seinem Lincken arm / in sein Schwerds Knopff / Reiß den zü dir / auff dein Rechte seiten / so nimstu jhm sein Schwerdt.
		Ein ander stuck zum einlauffen. WAnn du an einem gewahr wirst / das er dich mit einem hohen streich ubereylen / und hiemit einlauffen will / so fahre mit deinem hefft und offenen henden ubersich / fange jhm also seinem hauw in dein hefft / wie dir solches mit den obern bossen in der Figur O. zur Lincken fürgemahlet ist / als bald der hauw auff dein hefft trifft / so fahre mit dem kreutz von Oben zwischen seine beide Arm / trit hiemit zu ruck / und Reiß mit dem kreutz undersich zu dir auß / Hauwe jhn mit solchem zug auff den Kopff.
		Werffen. WAnn dich einer mit seinem Schwerdt underlauffen hat / also das jhr gar nahet zusamen komen / so wirff dein Schwerdt hindersich von dir / auch bucke dich eylents vor jm undersich / und ergreiff jm mit beyden henden beyde bein / zuck an dich / so fellet er an rucken / davon besihe die obern unnd kleinern bossen / zur lincken Hand in der Figur D.
		Oder so jhr beyde so nahet zusamen komen seind / und er führet sein Schwerdt ober dem Kopff / also das sein klingen ein wenig hinder jhm abhangt / so lasse dein Rechte hand vom Schwerdt / und fahr mit derselbigen aussen uber seinen Lincken arm / unnd ergreiff damit sein Rechte hand bey dem glid / zugleich in dem du jhm sein hand ergreiffest / so trit mit deinem Rechten fuß hinder seinen Lincken / zeuch jhn also mit der Rechten hand uberruck von dir / und stoß jhn mit der Lincken hand sampt dem Schwerdt / für die Brust / so fellest du jn uber dein für gesetzt bein an seinen rucken.
		[LXIIIr] WAnn jhr also nahet zusamen komen / so trit jhm mit deinem Lincken fuß zwischen seine beide bein / laß hiemit dein Lincke hand vom Schwerdt / unnd wende jhm ein wenig den rucken / greiff under deß mit deiner / vom Schwerdt abgelassener Lincker hand / under seinen beiden Armen durch / und aussen uber seinen Lincken arm / mit der Rechten hand aber / sampt dem Schwerdt (oder wirff dasselbige von dir) greiffe aussen uber seinen Rechten arm / also das du mit deiner Rechten hand dein Lincke oberhalb seinen beiden Armen wider ergreiffest / trucke jhm alle beyde Arm zusamen / auff dein Lincke achsel / hie zwischen trit auch mit dem Lincken fuß vornen für seine beide füß / schwinge dich hiemit auff dein Rechte seyten / und in dem schwung bucke dich fürsich undersich / und wirff in fur dir nider.
		Ein anders. ODer in dem jhr durch einlauffen so nahet zusamen komen seind / also das es zu rung gerahten muß / so trit mit dem Rechten fuß zwischen sein beide bein / laß die Lincke hand vom Schwerdt / unnd greyffe mit den Rechten hand sampt dem Schwerdt under seinen rechten Arm durch / aussen umb seinen leib / und mit der Lincken hand ergreyffe jhm von inwendig durch / seinen rechten Schenckel / jhe niderer jhe besser / und schauwe das du mit deinem Rechten fuß zwischen sein beyde bein wol durchgetretten seyest / auff das du mit demselbigen mit widersperren unnd außrucken / dem wurff zu hilff komen könnest / erhebe jhn also in einem schwung / unnd wirff jhn hinder dir auff seinen Kopff.
		Ein anders. UNderlaufft dir einer mit der Zwirch dein Schwerdt / so merck in dem er dir gegen deiner Lincken herzwircht / so versetze ihm solche Zwirch mit hangender klingen / und greiff mit der Lincken hand (die du dann vom Schwerdt ablassen solt) under deiner unnd seiner klingen durch / außwendig uber seinen rechten Arm / fall jhm also mit derselben verkehrten Lincken hand an die gurgel / auch trit under des mit dem lincken fuß hinder seinen Rechten / wirff jhn abermals an seinen rucken.
		Damit du aber den Ringen und Greiffen ein grund habest / so will ich dir die Hengen und Winden erlicher massen dar thun unnd erkleren / auß welchen dann die Kampffstuck im kurtzen Schwerdt herfliessen unnd erwachssen / und werden die Hengen zu zweyerley fürnemen ins werck gericht / gebraucht / Nemlich zum ersten werden sie gebraucht [LXIIIv] die häuw damit auffzufangen / und dieselbige auff der flachen klingen abritschen lassen und nachfechten / oder mit solchem verhengen dem Man under sein Schwerdt gehen / unn darunder einwinden / und diese werden den mehrertheil auß dem Pflug / oder von den Underhäuwen zu wegen bracht und vollendet. Zum andern so werden sie auch gebraucht zum / ein / oder uberhengen / welche dann auß dem Oberhauw und von dem Ochsen hergebracht werden / welche beyderley Hengen verstand also.
		Wie du auß dem Underhengen ein und auß winden solt. IM zufechten so kome mit deinem Lincken fuß vor / und streiche mit außgestreckten Armen ubersich / gegen seinem Schwerdt / also das in solchem ubersich streichen die halb schneid Oben stand / und vorgange / demnach wann dein vorder ort / in solchem ubersich streichen seinem (nemlich deines gegenmans) gürdel gleich kompt / und er dieweil eben herschlecht / so stosse eylents deinen Schwerdts knopff under deinem Rechten arm durch / und fare also mit gekreutzigten henden ubersich / gegen seiner Lincken / also das damit dein klingen ein wenig gegen seiner Rechten seiten hang / und schauwe das in solchem aufffahren / dein flache klingen auff dein Daumen zu ligen komme / fang also seinen hauw auff deine uberzwerche stehende flache klingen auff / also das in solchem auffangen und undergehn / beyde Schwerdter in die stercke zusamen rühren / unnd dein Kopff under deinem Schwerdt bedeckt und wol bewart sey / so bald nun also sein hauw auff deine klingen rühret / so rucke deinen knopff wider under deinen rechten Arm / gegen deiner Lincken seiten herfür / und wende hiemit dein halbe schneide einwart hinder seiner klingen / uberzwerch uber seinen Kopff / in solchem einwinden aber / bleib mit deinem Schwerdt hart an dem seinen / auff das du fühlen könnest / wann er abgehn wölle / auch soltu deinen Kopff mit solchem einwinden wol aus von seiner klingen / gegen deiner Lincken seiten entziehen / wirstu aber in dessen gewahr / das er (dieweil du dich mit solchem einwinden etwas blössest) von Oben nider derselbigen zu eylen wolle / so trit mit deinem Lincken fuß behend gegen seiner Rechten seiten auß / unnd stosse deinen knopff wider under deinem Rechten arm durch / unnd fahr mit beiden Armen auff / wende jhm also die halbe schneide wider außwerts an sein Recht ohr / auff diese weiß kanstu auff der einen seiten mit der klingen under seinem Schwerdt / ein und außwerts Winden / auff der andern seiten aber / magstu mit dem Knopff ubergreiffen / Also / wann du ihm auff vorige weiß sein Schwerdt mit verhengen auffgefangen hast / so trit behendt in dem die Schwerdter noch zusamen rühren / mit dem rechten Fuß ge[LXIIIIr]gen seiner Lincken seiten / und greiff mit dem Knopff / außwendig Oben uber seinem Rechten arm hinein / unnd reisse zu dir auß. Oder nach dem du jhm ein und außwerts gewunden hast / unnd er mit den Armen hoch auff gefahren ist / so wind jhm mit dem knopff inwendig zwischen seinen beyden Armen hinein / und greiff also mit demselbigen von inwendig uber seinen Rechten arm / und reisse gegen deiner Lincken auß / wiltu so magstu dein Lincke hand vom hefft ablassen / und mit derselbigen in die mitte deiner klingen greiffen / demnach wie du mit der Rechten hand gegen deiner Lincken seiten zu dir zeuchst / also trucke mit deiner Lincken hand / gegen seiner Lincken von dir / auch magstu jhm auß allen Legern mit hangender klingen underschieben und versetzen / und also wie gelehrt / an seinem Schwerdt ein und außwahrts Winden / und das zu beiden seiten.
		Wie du die einhengen und winden von Oben in das werck richten solt. IM zufechten führe einen gewaltigen hauw von Oben gegen seinem Lincken ohr / unnd in dem dein hauw an sein Schwerdt rühret oder glützt / so stosse deinen Schwerdts Knopff abermals under deinem Rechten Armn durch / und henge jhm die klingen also mit gekreutzigten Armen / wol hinder seiner klingen hinein zum Kopf / oder nach dem du jhm also von Oben eingewunden hast / so henge jhm dein klingen wol uber seinen beyde Arm / unnd reisse also mit deinem Schwerdt / gegen deiner Lincken seiten auß / so bald du aber in solchem hinein winden fühlest / das er deiner Blösse von Oben nider zu eilen will / so rucke deinen Schwerdts knopff abermals wider herfür / und fahr mit demselbigen wider hoch ubersich auff / und henge jhm die halbe schneid wider außwerths hinein zum Kopff / wehrt er dir solches / so winde behend mit deinem knopff unden durch / und außwendig uber seinen rechten Arm hinein / reisse also abermals undersich zu dir auß / oder greiffe jm auch inwendig zwischen seinen Armen hinein / fass jhm derselbigen einen von inwendig mit deinem knopf / und reiß zu dir abermals auß.
		Item wan du einen Oberhauw auff deinen gegenfechter hinein fürest / unn er versetzt dir solchen mit der Zwirch / so merck als bald dein hauw auff seinen klingen rührt / so stosse deinen Schwerdts knopf (es sei under deinem Rechten arm oder nit) hoch ubersich / unn hencke jm dein klingen uber die seine hinein zum Kopff / magst also hart auff seiner klingen bleiben / und hinein und außwerts winden / nach gelegenheit. Wehrt er dir solche winden unn fehrt auff / so [LXIIIIv] winde (in dem er auffert) aber mit dem knopf umb seine Arm / also kanst jm von allen seiten wie du jhm angebunden hast / mit gewalt aus und einwerts winden / letztlich soltu auch alwegen so offt du einwinden wilt / drei ding betrachten / nemlich zum ersten den haw / Zum andern das einwinden an jm selbs / mit welchem du treffen solt / Zum dritten den schnit / dan dieweil du dich mit dem winden blössen must / so soltu mit dem Schwerdt hart an dem seinen bleiben / uff das wan er (dieweil du windest) nachfolgen oder abgen will / du jm mit dem schnit nachfolgest / und an seinem Schwerdt bleibest / und jme dasselbige mit dem schnit außführest unn abwendest / oder (dieweil er abgeht) mit gedachtem schnitt der nechsten Blöß zu einfallest.
		Ein guter Bruch auff alle oberhäuw. IM zufechten schicke dich mit deinem Schwerdt in den Lincken Wechsel / und merck (in dem er von Oben gegen dir herhauwet) so trit mit deinem Lincken fuß gegen seiner Rechten / oder auff dein Lincke wol zur seiten auß / zugleich mit solchem außtretten Hauwe mit Langer schneide ubersich / gegen seinem herfliegenden hauw / also das du in solchem ubersich hauwen / deinen Schwerdts knopf under deinem rechten Arm durch gestossen / und seinen streich also mit kreutzigeten henden hoch in der lufft / auff deine Lange schneide in die sterck / auff gefangen habest / in dem nun also die Schwerdter zusamen rühren und glützen / so rucke deinen Schwerdts knopf neidlichen under deinem rechten arm wider herfür / damit sich das forter theil deiner klingen / durch solches herauß rucken / hinder seinem Schwerdt / uberhalb seinem Rechten arm hinein / und schlims durch sein gesicht wider herauß schwinge / in dem du aber den Underhauw also durch einen Oberhauw gegen seinem gesicht wider herauß windest / eben dieselbige weil / trit auch mit dem Lincken fuß ferner gegen der Lincken seiten auß zurück hindersich / wie du dessen in der Figur H. an dem grossern Bild zur rechten Hand ein anzeigung hast / Hauwe jhn also im abtretten durch sein gesicht / wann nun dieser Underhauw sampt dem außtrit / unnd herauß winden in einem huy behendiglichen gemacht und volbracht wirt / so geht es dir gewiß und wol an / auß disem Windhauw werden auch vil andere und schöne stuck genomen und zuwegen bracht.
		Ende des Schwerdts. Ordentliche

Dussack

Lund Dussack 

Images	Draft Translation by Kevin Maurer	Lund Transcription
	Fencing in Dussack, techniques in all Kinds of One handed Weapons Thorough Descriptions Firstly are the Guards, therein are namely Four which are not made so that one should wait in them how it is previously and partially reported above in the sword. But rather has more divisions there with one knows One from the other to distinguish, namely thus, when one fights from the Steer, he will generally use such Strikes and devices, that are assigned to the Steer therefore he who will fight with them, thus should he pay attention from which or through which division he goes against in fighting, thus that he may know best, with what cuts or devices he should lay on against him, in that he in the Vor runs off, then your fighting and your cuts to him and techniques will be correctly cut in and soon put, it must usually give way to harm And should you know thus with the four guards that the opponent is divided into four parts, how in the above figure it is shown, the two from High are called the Ox, the other two are called the Plow take an example, when you hold the weapon high, to the right or the left thus you stand in Ox or Steer, what cuts and strikes you do from the ox, you can also do from the other High Guards. And you should yourself not mistake that more than four are known. Steer, Watch, Wrath whose names spring from their intentions and take this first as not only an example, I Hold my weapon above, prepared to strike over my head, that the point is behind me, which I call the Watch, not that he is always in Ox, but rather because my plan is to have prepared or ready strikes and pay attention and watch where he will give cuts to me, then be very ready to cut into the openings, thus I would like to say he who stays in Ox, holds good watch.
	Item Thus one in Wrathguard stays, may I say, he opposes you wrathfully in Ox, from which comes the name's use, but this is premature and will further, as much as, hereafter, needfully enough, and understandingly be given and taught. Next are the cuts, which even if I would set forth and report to you, of all twelve, yet there are still not more than Four main cuts, from which the others all have sprung from, namely, first the Highcut, second the Wrathcut, third the Middelcut, and the fourth an Undercut, than slashing or crooked so that no one can make cuts, or cut him usefully either from above or diagonally.
	Item Uberzwerch or bring from under, thus there are many kinds of names and alterations to the cuts, hence, so named that quite a few are carried out during the cuts, for example, thus I stand before one in the same work, and can't come at all to the openings, thus I cut strongly from above a Boch strike not that I intend to hit or strike through but rather that I crash on to him and wrench into a cut and with this he will also do this to me, and would thus give room to the openings, from which a high cut comes nicely. This cut has the name Boch Cut, therefore that my naming this is only about the clashing on that is to be done.
	From the Four Openings And thirdly, should one protect the openings, and learn to recognize them on the arms of the man, therein one should be aware, of he who leads diligently the defense when each are up high, thus he is open below.
	Item Thus he who is low is even likewise open high, as is he who proceeds too far to the side, further but more importantly, the four divisions of the man the Vor and the Nach, strong and weak.
	Item The looping round, and the Circle cuts and likewise how it is previously in the long sword presented and taught and should be used here, as before.
	Follow the Guards and they are given these Names Watch or Luginslandt, Steer, Wrath, Boar, Changer, Sideguard. Item The Slice, the Bow, which are the two displacings, one from under, the other from above
	The Cuts Oberhau Mittlehau Boch Hau Underhau Wecker Felerhau Zornnhau Brummerhau Kurz hau Krumphau Windthau Zwinger Hau These figures painted here are the paths through the man to which and through which one Cuts, the first line has three parts, namely on the Head, on the Arm and thus that one strikes Outright. Thus also the Wrathguard winds, displaces, namely the three depictions, firstly through the face, to the other, through the Middle of the man, and thereafter through to the Legs and is nevertheless just a cut from one of the inward cuts, through his face or through the Middle of the man or through the Legs.
	In summation: What comes from above, or that which cuts to the head or Arms and feet thus is called from the High cuts, thus that which would be cut from the Shoulder diagonally to the man, whether to the face or Body, high or from under, are called the Wrathcuts and may also be done with the crooked or straight edge from which reason the cuts are well named for the limbs that they will be cut to.
	In rappier here after follows and remains that the cut is still basically a wrathcut or a middle cut and thus it is created with all four cuts. Mejur should one note when one cuts one of the four cuts through the stated line, and he is High or Middle, thus should one always cut out to the next line to the displacing.
	Thus in zufechten I come into the Steer and cut a Middle cut through his face strongly, at once I cut from my left through the under weakly on his right line, displacing against his hand Meanwhile, I have given here to you a general rule throughout the whole of Dussack fencing, thus will I now as before, set forth an example of the technique which without the togetherness of the Guards and Hews, together with the Pulled cuts, namely deceiving, no defeat comes, for they are based on the hews from the shortest explanation (which is necessary) and their Counters.
	Highcut The Highcut breaks all other cuts with suppressing or extra length and always goes through the Watch or from the Luginslandt and is a blissful and still artful cut to use.
	Wrathcut Wrathcut is also from above, but in those from the first it is differentiated of those from straight from above, this goes however diagonal from the shoulder and is known as the correct Fatherstrike, Wrathtcut or also the Battlecut for this reason then, he who is strongest is greatest amongst all.
	Middlecut Middlecut is an athwart cut wherein one should know as common.
	Undercut Under cut is a weak cut, but where he with cleverness will use it it is very useful.
	Crooked cut Crooked is thus, grab around the grip well so that you have the Dussaack crooked, thus if he cuts or not, so step immediately out and cut with the crooked edge, through the Diagonal, Wrath, Uberzwerch, or Middle line.
	Whacker Whacker is thus, in the onset cut a strong cut onto his displacement and in that it clashes, or rests thus wind the cut into a thrust over his displacement line, that's called the Whacker.
	Buzzer The Buzzer is thus, take hold of your grip crooked as the first figure here shows, in those cuts that he would give to you from somewhat on high, then cut through in a stroke from under and athwart to his arm, so that the Dussacks are both in the wind above, and again you shoot around to the displacement. It is or is called therefore a Buzzer, because of the sound from the fast rushing wind that it makes.
	Wind Cut Wind cut is thus when one would cut athwart well outside his right arm over his arm line, thus quickly in a rip, wind out again, You can do the wind cut through a high, middle or under cut.
	Bock Cut Bock cut is here sufficiently clarified by examples.
	Swinger Cut Swinger is a strong taking away from your left to his right it is with the Flat or the Long, also I wind a special technique afterwards about the Swinger.
	Short Cut Short cut is a throwing in from the Left against or over his right, which will also be clarified afterwards in a special device.
	Failer Cut Mark when you come near to him, and the both of you are standing high in the displacing, thus cut from his right shoulder a circle so soon as he is convinced and will strike, thus cut him beside the hilt to the head.
	Now follow the techniques on the Guards together with the cuts, and have diligence with the cuts when they again make you open, even though he doesn't seem far. While I amply teach next, but follow firstly the Quick cut.
	Quick Cut Mark thus when you stand before one in the Bow, and he will not cut so pull upwards into the Watch as if you would cut from high especially if he does nothing, wind in the air and cut with the long edge from under to his right arm quickly and jerk the Dussack again around to your left shoulder, from there cut a defense strike through his right, to the arm or above the arm through to his face, and then cut Cross or a Driving cut.
	Item If he cuts from above in the before, thus displace upwards towards your left and cut through quickly from your left to his right it is under or above the Dussack thus you come with your Dussack beside your right side, from there cut again athwart from under with the Long edge strongly through his Arm, or if he cuts against your strike so that your Dussack comes to your left shoulder, cut away directly from the over line.
	High Cut on the Steer Item Thus when you may reach him, in the on going, in the Bow thus cut a long cut through his displacement to the face and cut quickly to the displacing, upwards from outside against his weapon, right away work inside and outside to the Openings.
	Item In every cut are three things to think about, that namely you wrench inward after cutting or striking.
	Example He who stands before you in the Bow, now may you not be unmindful of striking to his advantage, thus he makes you rush while he after is not weakened, so do to him now thus, when one stands before you in the Bow, thus cut him the first through his Bow not that you would, but rather, with it you cut him where he is open, when he goes out to cut. and when he has cut, then you must suppress or ground his strike with a High cut, as soon as you have cut the first the second is taken, then cut the third long after.
	Item Go at him with a cut and displace his strong cut with the Bow from under, the third, cut him after to the Openings, if he cuts, however without strength, then take his cut with a Suppressing strike and cut after to the next opening.
	Item Take note when he goes out to strike, thus cut him after besides his hilt to the face and that must happen, while he has his Dussack in the air to strike.
	Item Cut him a Buffalo cut, as soon as he cuts after, thus displace and cut after him through to his forward limb and come quickly again in the displacing.
	Item Cut him initially a long High cut to his head near by his hilt and allow this quickly to run off besides his right, and cut a long cut after to his face, and the two cuts should go hand in hand.
	A Good Device from the Steer how it follows If you encounter one who is in the Slice how this figure shows, thus step and cut from your right crooked under his right Arm through so that you connect near his knuckles with the crooked point, the other take him strongly away with the flat upwards through his right arm from your left, so that your weapon again flies around your head, with this thrust over his right arm to the face, if he defends this, thus cut him to the face.
	Item In the onset cut in with Long edge strongly through his face, so that your dussack again shoots over your head athwart to the displacement from your right, step instantly and quickly with your left around his right and cut him Crooked over his right arm to the Head if he defends, thus cut him forwards to the face or cut him crooked to the left at the Head.
	Middle strike with the Throwing In Item If you encounter one who is in the Slice or Straight Parrying how this figure shows. Thus send yourself in the Middle guard to your left side and throw at him your crooked edge from outside over his Right Arm and Pull the Long edge to your left, through his face, if he defends this, and he drives above you thus cut before him long to the face.
	Item Mark when you encounter one who is in Straight parrying or in the Slice thus come in the zufechten into the Sideguard on your left side, throw the Half edge over his right arm to his face, the second proceeds from under with the Long edge through his face. The third a Middelcut after from your right, if one defends these thrown strikes, thus cut nimbly to the face But if one cuts to you when you thus stand in the Sideguard so take away the strike from your left with the Flat Instantly step with the left foot to his right side and thrust him over his right arm to the face, cut quickly after through his face or to the Next opening.
	Swinger The first is a taking out from your left and a winding out with the Flat, the other is a Strong cut from your left through his face with the Long edge with a twofold strike through the Cross.
	A Good Device from the Swinger Mark in zufechten you come into the Slice, allow him not too close to you as soon as he would strike to you, thus pull under his strike, through to your left side avoid his striking through and cut quickly from your left, over his right arm, two high strikes to the head with this you go twice to him.
	Rose Cut Item In the zufechten cut him from above outside his right arm, (go) under and through him, so that your Dussack comes around again in a Circle above your head, let it low and nimbly run out next to your left, cut him from your right to his face.
	Item Thrust him outside from over his right arm going under and through so that your Dussack again comes outside over his Arm grab with your Left hand over your right arm on your incoming Blade by the Hilt, Pull to you, and to your right side, thus you have taken his Dussack.
	Failer Strike Mark when you can come close to him and both of you are standing high in the displacement, thus cut from his right corner, fail with a circle, and then as soon as he witnesses this failing and will strike, then cut him beside the hilt to the head.
	Item When one cuts to you, thus yield with your displacement and allow his cut to fall, step and cut from outside as soon as his right arm falls through, then next through his face. See that you are nimble again in displacing.
	A Stuck on the Left Cut him outside his left arm fail through that your Dussack comes to your low left side, as soon as he cuts, then cut with him together, ahead of the line to his face, step with the left well on his right.
	Item Cut him failing through from outside his arm like before then next take him away with the Flat from your left through his right so that your Dussack flies above, step and cut indes Two wind strikes to his face, one into the other from your left to his right.
	Wrath Strike Mark when you find someone in Left Wrath guard how this figure shows, thus come into Steer and thrust him to the face with displacing, that he must Defend, thus cut him nimbly through the face the other is a High strike to the Head.
	A Good Attack from the Steer Mark thus in zufechten that you come into the Steer against the Left Wrath or a similar Guard, thus cut the first crooked in from your right from below with a step to, through to his left side the other also from your right from above so that your Dussack shoots around from your left, over your head, into the Plunge, instantly cut hard with the Long edge from your lower left through the Scalp line, and then a middle cut after or step with displacing to him.
	A Good Stuck from the Steer If you are approached by one who is in the Slice, thus step and cut crooked from your right under and through his right arm so that you connect on his knuckles with the crooked point, the other, take him out strongly from your left with the Flat over his right arm, so that your weapon again flies around over your head and with your cut going over his right arm to his face, if he defends this, thus cut him to the face.
	Under Cut Item When you have warded a strike twice, thus catch his strike in the air on the Bow, indes wrench with the short edge from below, to your right through his displacement, then at once Cut Crosswise through his face.
	A Stuck Mark when one strikes over, crooked to your head, thus set him off with your slice, from your right, grab with your Left hand over your right down onto his right hand by the joints and drive with your hilt from under and break upwards.
	Plunging to the Head Or when you thus have caught one's hand as described above, then heave upwards and go through under his right, stoop down to the ground and grab with your right hand and your Dussack around behind his Leg, how you may do in all Grabbing, heave upwards, thus he falls on his Head.
	Item Note in the zufechten, that you come with the Left foot forwards hold the Dussack besides your right, grab the handle well so that you have the Dussack Crooked, Indes step cut then Crooked over his Bow line, wrench downwards to your left side, step out with your right behind his right Strike then outside over his right arm to the face or to his left with a step out.
	Item Mark thus when you stand in right Wrath guard, thus step and cut the first from under through his left, the second also from under through his right both crooked. the third, from above through his Left, the fourth also from above through his Right so that your Dussack again stays over your head in the Plunge, the fifth a Middelcut through his left, the sixth a Highcut, In zufechten cut from your lower left, out to his right arm, as soon as he clashes, then thrust into his face, if he parries that, thus grab his Dussack in the Middle and take him downwards to your left side.
	Work for Running in Mark thus when you come close together, then work him high over his displacement firstly with a Crooked cut over his displacement to the Left ear.
	Item If he displaces you, thus cut a Crooked cut outside and over his right arm to the right ear If he displaces once again, thus cut crooked under his arm to the face. The Fourth strike is a Thwart strike to his left ear from under with the long edge so that your hilt is well gripped, in these four strikes you should always be high with the Hilt, above your Head to the displacing.
	Follow Several Good Rules from the Fencing in Bow (Bogen) The first Rule is when someone strikes to you from the Bow, thus step with your Left foot behind you right and follow with to his left and have instantly let your haft go above you Then when his strike clashes on your weapon Hoist the weapon(s) through his face, so that your Dussack flies above your Head step and cut outside from your left over his right Arm From this Rule are many nimble Lists to use with deception.
	The Second Rule is thus when one strikes to you from above, thus drive with the Bow upwards against his strike, wind out his strike to your left side, thus come with your Dussack on your left shoulder wind after likewise with your Body and Dussack to your left side Indes step nimbly again to him and cut him outside over his right arm, pull the hilt nimbly upward to you and strike him through the face.
	The Third Rule is thus; When one would cut to you, thus Note however that you are not too close, and that you move out from his Cut, then Pull your weapon upwards to you and yield your forward foot back to the rear foot and out from his cut, and take then his strike with out displacing, as soon as his strike falls to the ground, so follow with a cut and with a step to him. thus the attacker has been attacked instead.
	The Fourth Rule, Mark then when one is weak to you on your Dussack thus drive out and cut a Brummer from your Right to his Arm.
	Item When one strikes to you on the strong, so wind the point upwards against his Dussack and wind in on his weak on your right side and cut to him a Brummer from your Left outwards to his Arm or cut the Quick Cut. These are four good rules the better to mark, when you are Fighting in the Bow.
	Stück with the Bow Firstly mark when you meet one who is in the Bow, so send yourself into the Changer to your Left, the right foot forwards, Step and thrust from under his displacement to the face or chest as soon as you find that you are in the after, so drive instantly and nimbly out with your Hilt before the head and remain with the Point at his Body so that he must defend or strike, thus have care as soon as he goes on to strike, then step to his left and strike him besides his displacement line, this device is often on going how it is seen here in the Bow and Changer.
	Item If you are a Strong man, so come into Changer like before, cut his forward held Bow with the Half edge from under and away from you, cut nimbly after to the face.
	Mark when one will wrench your Bow upwards, how it is taught next, thus wind out his wrenching to your left side with the Hilt underneath, Indes cut nimbly and likewise with a line to the face, step out from his strike.
	Mark when one however thrusts to your face, under your displacement line, how you were taught above, thus wind the thrust out, therewith you make open your face, as soon as he strikes to your opening, so drive under his strike close by his hand, between the both of your hands, and thrust him in the face with your hilt.
	Breaking in above the Bow Mark in the zufechten that you come with the left foot forwards, hold your Dussack beside your right, grip your handle well that you have your Dussack Crooked, instantly Step, cut Crooked over his Bow Line, wrench downwards to your left side, step out with your right around to his right, Strike then outside above his right Arm high above to the Head, wherein cut the next Crooked under his right arm to the face or to his left, with a step out. E .
	Item When you cut outside over his right arm diagonally, how it is mentioned above, and he Drives high above you, thus step nimbly out and cut on the Crooked line to his face.
	A Fast Stück Item grab around the grip so that you have the Dussack crooked, how it is reported above. Thus Cut a wide springing high strike from your right, over the hands and over his bow line so that your right side comes well to his left side, throw a strike at him in a squint again from below through the under line to his face so that your hand remains high, cut nimbly a short cut.
	Item When one stays in the Bow and allows his dussack to hang downwards thus step and cut through from your right to the weak of his Dussack beneath his arm so that your Dussack comes out to your left side,Indes with the flat above his arm away from your left and cut long after to the opening by his oncoming hand.
	The 6 Drivings The first Driving is thus, stay with the right foot forwards and then High strike and Low strike together so that the Dussack always flies around over your head to the Plunge.
	The Second Stand with the right foot forward as in the above driving, cut from your left Shoulder over your right leg to the Opponent. through the right Strike Line from under and over together strongly through his Face.
	The Third Stand as before, Drive the Middle cuts together through the Middle Line from the right and left.
	The Fourth Is the Cross from above, together Drive hard on the opponent's Line.
	The Fifth This is two under cuts through the Cross, done together from under with the flat.
	The Sixth Driving Is the Double Changer, a choice cut, usually a hard one like from a battlesword. It is done thus:
	Stand with the right foot forward and strike the first cut from your upper right and through the opponent's Strong Left Line, thus you come into the Left Changer, wrench (cut) with the half edge again from under through the same Line, through which you are familiar with, and in the air change and cut from above from your left through his right Strike Line over to your right strongly, thus come to defense of your lower right side, then drive upwards through the same line you were just on, and change again in the air and cut then from your right through the opponents Left Line. E .
	Diligently cut the strikes once or more, one after another always through a line, twice namely once from above and again from below with the short edge, thus with this changing you can Break the Guards and Strikes. E.

1570 Dussack 

Images	No Translation	1570 Transcription

Rapier

Lund Rapier 

Images	Draft Translation by Kevin Maurer	Lund Transcription
	Rappier Fencing In rappier there are 4 Guards, namely the Side guard, from which you have five displacements, the first is cutting off, the other is suppressing, the third is going through, the fourth is hanging, and the fifth is taking out with Long edge from which each one has the cut and the thrust.
	Item The Verfirsten cut Item The Changer has 4 displacements the first is taking out with the short and long edge.
	Item Cutting Away and suppressing with the half edge from which each one has a cut and thrust then the under thrust, over thrust, outside and inside cuts and The Straight Cut.
	The same goes for the Right Ox, which has also 4 displacements, namely, hanging, suppressing, going through cutting off, together with the inside and outside cuts and from above.
	The Left Ox has three displacements, cutting off, suppressing, and taking out from below with the half edge.
	Irondoor has six displacements, suppressing, cutting off, going through, setting off, hanging, taking out with half edge.
	Longpoint has three displacements cutting off, setting off, suppressing, Plow, from the Plow may you set off, simultaneously strike, take out, opening strike, double thrust, single thrust, deceptive thrust.
	Side Guard In the Side Guard send yourself thus; stand with your right foot forward, hold your weapon with the hilt near your right knee, the point before you to the earth, how this figure shows.
	When you are thus in the Side Guard and one strikes or thrusts to you whether from below or above, thus attack with your Blade well from you with the long edge on the strong of his blade, and cut his strike or thrust away from you, to his right side, and in this cutting off, step with backsteps from his strike, thus you come with your rappier in the Left Changer, Instantly step quickly further on to his left side and thrust from below to his face, thus that you stand in Longpoint, when one thrusts or strikes to you thus cut all thrusts or strikes downwards from you with opposition.
	Item When you stand in this Guard, how one cuts or thrusts at you from his right, thus cut away his Blade from you to your left like before, thus you come into Left Changer, in the clash of the Blades, thus hold your hilt above you, and cut from above a straight Apilem or Scalp cut through his face so that in this cut you come opposite with the hilt before the blade, that gives a freely seen cut through the irondoor, and rises from all the strikes with two Wrath cuts from both sides through the cross with outstretched arms and far away from you.
	Item Cut his strike or thrust out from your right to your left with the long edge like before, and allow your weapon to run over next to your left side so that the blade snaps around beside your left, into the left Ox and from there thrust over hand at his face while stepping out from your left, so that you now stand in Longpoint, from this cut also in the Side Guard or else the Changer.
	Item Position yourself in the Side Guard like before, thus cut his strike or thrust from your right to your left like before, and wind your weapon beside your left in which the Long edge cuts Instantly before he can recover from your slicing off, thus cut with a defense strike over his weapon to his body, his legs, his hands or Arms. And in this cut, then spring well to his left side with stepping after, thus you come into the Side Guard on the right.
	Item Cut away his thrusts or cuts like before, and allow your Blade to run through in return, besides your left, and from that, snap over to him a thrust above the hand, pull again around your head and cut him outside through to his right Thigh, thus you come into the Side Guard from there then cut or suppress again away from you.
	The other displacement is Suppressing, which the cutting away is nearly equal, and almost like in the Iron Door.
	Going through Item Thus when you stand then in the Side Guard, and one thrusts or cuts to you, then drive through with your blade and with his blade, that you strike out from your left to your right, so that the Blade flies around again, besides your right into an over Thrust.
	Item Proceed then as how it is taught and suppress his weapon to the ground with the Long edge from your upper Left, thrust him upwards, to the face and set him off again.
	Item Thus if you are in the Side Guard and he thrusts or cuts to you, take out his weapon with your Flat, and with your arm outstretched so that your weapon cuts around with the Point at his face and runs over shooting around into Left Ox, after this, cut around your head to his Right thigh.
	Item Take out like before, and allow it to Fly around like before, and thrust him to the face.
	Item Take out like before and allow your weapon to drive around your head and then cut him inside to his forward positioned thigh, thus you come again into left changer, if he cuts or thrusts further, then set him off with the long edge, slice in at him through his weapon from your left through the Cross again at his face.
	Item If you are thus in the Side Guard, and he thrusts then take him out with hanging and allow it to drive around your head and cut him inside to his body from your right.
	Item If you are in the Side Guard, thus take him out with hanging and thrust over the hand to the face.
	Item Take him out with hanging and threaten to thrust him over the hand, but pull around again and cut outside to his right thigh.
	Item If you are in this Guard, thus suppress his oncoming thrust or cut, from above onto his weapon, cut or thrust Long after.
	Item Slice with the long edge away from you, and cut in again through the Cross, or do the Flying thrust Long in the After.
	Thus however if one wishes to use handworks on you, then Pull the weapon around your head and cut a Defense strike, through his left, then your weapon comes again correctly into the Changer, or Side Guard, as soon as he drives after, thus meet him with the previously taught work, then with the cuts you provoke him to attack, with this he loses his advantage, and you thus have an example of the previously taught work.
	And it is to be Marked that out of this Guard, four names or verses constitute:
	Firstly, Going through, Suppressing, Cutting off, hanging, and like techniques,
	Second, attacking with your defense strike around every displacement,
	Thirdly, the work stays mostly above the hands.
	Item Let the thrust fly and cut to the Thigh, and cut into the Cross again.
	Changer Item Take him out upwards, strongly from your left from under and gather your weapon in the air besides your left into Ox, Instantly step with your left foot around his right side, and throw him a thrust from under and through the Plow, to his right hip.
	Item Take out his incoming thrust with the short edge from the changer strongly, upwards, so that your weapon flies around in the air, into the right Ox, and Instantly throw him a thrust from under through the right plow, to his Groin or forward positioned thigh.
	Mark If your are in Left Changer, thus take him out with the Flat so that your weapon shoots around over your head, threaten him with the Heart Thrust, Pull and cut from your right through his forward positioned leg and thrust through the left Ox over hand to the Face.
	Item Take him out with the short edge, how it is previously taught, and thrust him from above once to his face, thereupon a Cross Cut in the After.
	Item Take him out, upwards, strongly from you and allow it to quickly drive around the head and cut him outside to his right Thigh, then, a suppressing cut, Long from your right, through his face and on his weapon.
	Item Take him out with the short edge strongly upwards, and cut through from above inside to his hand, and thrust there after, over his hands to the Face.
	Item If one Thrusts or Cuts to you, thus slice it away with long edge, from your left to your right, cut or thrust in the After to which side you will, yet long from you it is from Below or Above, and set him off quickly again.
	Item When you stand in Changer, and one will cut or thrust to you thus drive upwards and displace with the Long edge from below and spring well in with the left foot, and Indes grab his Blade with the left reversed hand, under your Blade on his hilt or Pommel, and then thrust him with your pommel on his Joints, thus you take his weapon from his hand.
	Ox When you thus stand in Ox, and one thrusts to your left, thus spring out from his thrust, to his left side, and thrust in at the same time with his, and wind the Long edge against his weapon upwards to your left side, as soon as he pulls off his weapon, then cut through with the short edge from under his defense, and thrust him with the Heart Thrust.
	Hanging Item If one thrusts to your Chest or Face, so take this out from above with the short edge or Flat from your right, between you and he, out to your left side, so that your point is taken downwards to the Ground, Instantly allow a thrust to run over the hand to his face take out also the cut between he and you, through the Hanging, and thrust like before.
	Item If one cuts to your feet, then sink the point towards the ground and bar him with the Flat by setting off through the Bastian and thrust him over hand to the face, if one cuts or thrusts to your right thus wind the long edge against his weapon, and suppress his strike to the ground, Cut or thrust in the After.
	Item Pay attention when he would thrust at you from below, where he has his hand outstretched to the thrust, then cut him through to the hand and thrust him to the face.
	Will your opponent not Attack Mark when one approaches you in the Left Changer, and you stand in Ox, cut from your right from below, through his left to the face, so that your weapon runs around into the Right Ox, and then thrust him to the face.
	Item Step with the left to him and thrust before him a Failer that goes through and outside to your left shoulder, that your weapon comes into Left Ox, take out with the short edge to your right side, so that your Rappier next comes into Right Ox and thrust him to the face, then cut him outside to the right shoulder.
	Item If you are standing in Ox, and one will thrust to your right thus step with the left foot out from his strike to his right and follow with the right and thrust at the same time as him to the face, shoot forwards with the Irondoor or lift your Hilt above you and Grab both your Blade and his blade, and wind his blade from your right to your left in a wrench Instantly step to his left and cut him through to the face besides your left and thrust him again over hand to the face.
	Mark When one thrusts to you from below, so step with the left foot to his right side and set his thrust from your left against your right from above, between you and he, through to the Bastian, step and thrust him under his weapon into the Groin.
	Further, when one thrusts from below at you, and you thus are standing in Left Ox, then step with the left foot well onto his right like before, set off his thrust from your left downwards to your right, thus you stand in Right Plow. Thrust him out from the Right Plow upwards to his face, this he must defend, then step and thrust him with reversed hand under his arm to the face, Pull your hilt again to you, and cut through from your left a defense strike to his right shoulder.
	Item If one thrusts to your face or chest, then strongly take out the thrust from below, besides your left with short edge through to his right, so that your weapon runs around above your head and cut in from the outside to his right shoulder, if he bars your cut, then thrust him quickly over the hands to the face, if he doesn’t bar this thus you come through into Changer, if he thrusts further to you, then wind the Hilt upwards and take out his thrust with the Flat through the Hanging, and thrust him over the hands, to the face.
	Mark When one thrusts at you from above, thus wind your hilt above you into left ox, set off his thrust upwards, and when they connect, then thrust him inside to the face, Instantly allow your point to sink towards the Ground, and allow the Blade where by, to run through to your left, thrust over the hands to his face Pull your hilt upwards so that the Blade runs off besides your right, and cut outside from your left through his right shoulder thus you shoot into the Right Changer.
	Item Set off his thrust how you were taught above, remain then in the Bind on his Blade and Wind your Blade above you against his travels, out to your left side, instantly have your Hilt above you and cut from your right inside through to his right shoulder thus you come into the Left changer, if he thrusts further at you, then spring with the left foot well to his right side and thrust in from your Changer likewise with him, work further to him with the Iron Door.
	Item Displace His thrusts like before, have your hilt above you in the Left Ox, and take him out, with the short edge from your left through his right so that you correctly fly around your head into the Right Ox cut Instantly a Third strike, downwards, through his left foot from your right, so that your weapon shoots into left Ox, take him out with the short edge, downwards from your left Ox, so that your weapon shoots through in running around again, into Right Ox, allow quickly the Right Ox, to run through, with this taking out besides your left, and thrust through than by a double, done over hand, come into the Iron Door.
	If overall, he would not Thrust, then when you stand in Right Plow thus step with your left foot to him and thrust through to the outside of your left shoulder, so that your weapon comes into the left Ox, step with your right well to his right, and thrust him outside of his right arm Line Pull around your head, and cut him through his face, thus you come into the left Changer from there take him out with the short edge.
	Three Ongoing Thrusts from the Left Plow from one side Thus if one approaches you in the Iron Door or also in the Left Plow, then thrust the first from the plow outside of his right arm Line so that your point on the Right now runs off besides your left through into left Ox, thrust through from there quickly through your left Ox, inwards to his chest, allow instantly again the Point to run off downwards and then through besides your left, and thrust the third from your left over your hand to the face, these three thrusts happen as one runs into the next, from one thrust.
	If one thrusts to you from above, wind off his thrust, upwards against your right into the Ox, step and thrust him outside and over his right arm Line, to the face and in this thrust, then drive with your left hand from below.
		[79v] Indes schlag ihm sein kling auß uff dein linck seitten und zuck gleich mit dem wehr oben ab und stich in von unden auff zur khel, zuckt er aber so frist dich mit dem verhengen. ¶
		Eyssen pfort Dempffen, merck wan dir einer zur lincken sticht so heb in dem er sein stich her holt die spitz uber spitz vbersich und trit mit dem lincken hinder den rechten und haw starck schnits weiß von oben auff die sterck seiner klingen, stich indes behendt fur sich auff zum gesicht ¶
	...Suppress upon from above, step and thrust on his Blade above it, to the face, if he defends the thrust and drives high with his displacement, then thrust him above, on the Right Line if he displaces yet again the thrust, thus jerk your Hilt upwards and thrust over the hands, from above over his displacement Line, and cut him to the right Leg.	Item sticht dir aber einer auswendig zum rechten Arm so thrit mit dem lincken wol uff sein recht seitt und
	Cutting off Item Suppress his oncoming strike or thrust from above, suppress like before, but in this suppressing, thus allow your blade to rest, cross wise on his Blade besides you, then in a flight, thrust or cut him again from the same side Line.
	Item If you are in the Iron Door, and one will thrust outside to your right arm, thus take this with the short edge downwards and out to your right side out so that the Blade runs over, besides your right at the same time, into the right Ox, Indes also takes others out through a Running off from your right to your left, and thrust this same with quickness over the hand together with a step to him.
	Item If one approaches you in the Iron Door, then thrust him from the right Plow, inside his blade from under jointly, to the face, Instantly have your hilt above you and mutate the under into an Overthrust, cut in with a step to the next opening.
	A Deceiving Mark If one allows you to bind first on his Blade from your right, thus thrust his face from under and to the inside, over the hands.
	Item If one thrusts to your right, thus suppress from your left against your right, thus you have come into the Right Plow. Thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut quickly in Indes, an undercut from your right through his left and thrust him over the hands to his face.
	Item If one approaches you in the Iron Door and has bound on with you, then thrust in on his weapon upwards to the face with a running in, Instantly allow your weapon to run around besides your left and grab with the left hand in the middle of your Blade and thrust him to the stomach.
	Changing Thrusts and Mutating If you stand in the Iron Door and so does your opponent, then thrust him outside and over his right arm, above the hand Line, and in this thrust, allow your Hilt to be well High, as soon as he wishes to defend against your thrust, thus allow your point to sink downwards, above your hand, and thrust under your arm quickly to the sky if he however travels, then thrust in again over the arm to the face, thus reverse the high thrust into a low thrust, and you may change into a cut when you want.
	The Ox and Plow's Merged Thrusts Item If you encounter one in the Iron Door, thus thrust him from the Right Plow, inside his Blade from under to his face, instantly have your hilt above and Mutate the Under into and Over thrust, cut to the next opening with a step to.
	A Deceiving Mark when you have allowed one to be first in binding on your blade from your right, then thrust him from under, inside to his face, so that the Rappier runs around besides your right, the same as a Looping, but don't do this, instead thrust him again inside to his Body. Pay attention when one drives his point high above you in zufechten, then act as if you may bind with him as soon as your point connects thus step and undercut his blade away with your left arm then thrust upwards and to the Groin, if he pulls his Blade however, thus guard yourself with hanging, and work to to him over the hands or with taking out and cutting after.
	Identical Thrusting in traveling after Item Thus the both of your stand in the Iron Door, then pay attention as soon as he will go away from his Guard, thus step out from his Thrust and follow quickly with the Point to the body from where he has gone, and thrust on the same line as him.
	Traveling After This is a jolly and quick work in Rappier, by as much as he drives his defenses, and holds it somewhat besides his right, as soon as he goes away with the Hilt, thus Thrust him quickly there on the same Line from which he went.
	Aftercut from below If you are in the Iron door, and one thrusts to your left, thus suppress him from above, Instantly have the hilt above you into the left Ox and cut quickly with the short edge from below through his face or R. There after thrust through, to a Middlecut above the hands.
	Item If one thrusts at you, to you right, thus suppress from you to your right, thus you come into the right Plow, thrust him from the Plow upwards to the face, this he must defend, cut instantly and quickly an undercut from you right through his left and thrust him above the hands to the face.
	Balgen in Rappier Balgen is an abridgement and the proper Core of both weapons: the Dussack and the Rappier put together, which is so understandable and properly divided and placed, that every one of the four cuts can only be cut long from you. May you well understand and usefully learn from it, whether he even taught a bad school rule, and firstly therein is taught the cuts are orderly placed, to and through the man, how the drawn lines reveal, Next then however; as such cuts are cut at you, and how you shall meet these with displacing and breaking, to the third, when he now also uses such displacing and how you should take up in that, the fourth and last part teaches, of those who run in or under.
	Item From the dissimilar weapons that when thus he has a Knebel Pike and you only a Dagger or rappier, and how you should run under with cuts and many secret moves therewith you engage your enemy and then you can take his weapon.
	The First Balg Cut Is done thus: stand with the right foot forward and cut from above and below with outstretched arm together and forth, always with the Long edge through the opponent's Left Wrath Line how the figure shows and mark when you will cut from above, thus distort the cut around again, into a strong undercut, upwards through the Forward Line with a full swing, wind then your hand in the air so that the short edge faces to the rear, and the sharp edge against the opponent, thus make a cut after your opportunity.
	The Second Item Cut powerfully from your right from above like before, through the left Wrath Line, with outstretched arm so that your weapon comes to the left in the Middle guard, from there a powerful Middle cut through his face Thus you should make Over or Under cuts once or up to six times to his cuts.
	The Third Balg Cut The third is called the Cross through both Wrath lines, cut then powerfully with outstretched arm from you, and such cuts you should always stand with the right foot forwards, and always a Balg Cut, that is an Over/Under cut of the Cross with powerful middle cuts made after.
	Item Send yourself into the Longpoint to the displacing, if he cuts against your left to the head, thus catch his strike with the long edge and pull then around your head and cut him through to his right arm and thrust him above from your right to his face, if he cuts to your right thus displace and cut his face or through his body.
	If he cuts quickly from both sides through the Cross or thrusts from Both sides, then displace long from you and when he has done One, two, three four strikes, thus cut then with the radt powerfully always after strike for strike through the Cross and Balg cuts how here follows:
	Mark If one cuts on you from his right against your left thus cut with a strong overcut from your right thereon and cut nimbly again after from your right through his left where he is, under or above where you can work to him and you are soon again in the displacing.
	Item If one cuts on you the Crosscuts, strike after strike, thus displace him with outstretched arms, one strike, four or five, and pay attention where he looks further to strike, thus cut in between his Head and weapon on his strong and suppress in with a strike twice, cut then with the Radt Strike and Crosscuts after.
	Item If he cuts from below, the Middle or from above, thus you come to suppress them all and cut immediately after with the Cross or Balg cuts.
	If one displaces you and will not cut but wait on your cuts, then cut away his displacement from your left, he is from under or uberzwerch, with that he is drawn away to cut immediately after he does this, thus suppress his strike from you with a strong Roof strike on the strong of his blade the third cuts quickly after to the opening.
	Rule Note when he does not want to cut at you, then you should also not meet him with the first strike, but rather show as if you intended to strike to him, then when he misjudges, thus translate with this same cut, it is from above or below, suppressing or cutting out. The same displacement, should one quickly cut after.
	However where he is not provoked with a strike to counter, thus cut a Cross through his displacement or two Middle cuts against one another so that his blade is cut away, then must he cut, as soon as he cuts, thus takeout and away his cut with a counter cut, more to his strong thus as soon as you feel that he is soft, thus cut quickly to his body before he recovers, that is under or over.
	A Good Device Mark Thus when you must defend in the after, thus to you one comes with a Knebel pike in the air, over you, and you only have a Rappier or other similar single handed weapon, then hold the weapon uberzwerch for your left foot on the earth, if he strikes a powerful diagonal, thus drive upwards with your weapon and spring to him under his strike guard yourself in the spring with the head out from his strike and allow his strike to clash and stay on your weapon and grab quickly with the left hand on his staff, instantly cut nimble to his hands.
	Item If one thrusts on you and you have your weapon like is above taught, thus drive on and set off the thrust upwards above the head, if he pulls from your displacing and thrusts again, thus wind from above out of the Ox, his other thrust, again around out from and on to your left side with a Great spring to and grab his staff like before, on this lesson, may you defend against a Long Pike, But such a thing is not wise to use, especially against those who will signal their Pullings, where but one is Wrathful and is pressing on you, such techniques are altogether very desirable.
	Item You may also send yourself in a hurry into the Ox, and from there wind through the hangings, mark however, that you nimbly should rush, to him or under his weapon, than yours has more air than his in the width from you is less, you will beat him, thus if he will then spring and thrust at you, then cutaway his thrust with a strong Wrathstrike, if he defends this, thus spring on to him with your strike.
	From the Cloak Mark When to you one would rush, thus wrap your Cloak around your arm if he cuts above at your head, thus drive his strike on your cloak and thrust instantly with his from under, to his stomach, or if you will not thrust to him, thus cut him through his feet, but if he cuts from under, thus fall with your cloak on it and thrust from above to his face, And before you with the cross, you can drive against all four endings of the strikes and thrusts.
	Another Item When one cuts or thrusts at you, thus displace his strike with the Rappier and again after he parries, thus fall with your cloak on his Blade and hold onto him there, then cut or thrust in the meantime, nimbly, where you can get him, defend yourself again with the Cross.
	Item hold you cloak long and when he cuts at you, thus strike with the cape around his blade and spring to him with striking. Thus you yourself will fight.

1570 Rapier 

Images	No Translation	1570 Transcription

Rostock Rapier 

Images	No Translation	Rostock Transcription  by Dierk Hagedorn

Additional cutting diagrams

Lund Diagrams 

Images	Draft Translation by Jens P. Kleinau	Lund Transcription
		[86r] [No text]
		[86v] [No text]
		[87r] [No text]
		[87v] [No text]
		[88r] [No text]

Rostock Diagrams 

Images	Draft Translation by Jens P. Kleinau	Rostock Transcription  by Dierk Hagedorn
	.A. . . . . . face line .B. . . . . . shoulder line .C. . . . . . chest line .D. . . . . . belly line .E. . . . . . hip line .F. . . . . . thigh line .G. . . . . . foot line	[002r] . A . . . . . . Angesicht linie . . B . . . . . . Achsel . linie . . C . . . . . . Brust . linie . . D . . . . . . Bauch . linie . . E . . . . . . Hufft . linie . . F . . . . . . Schenckel linie . . G . . . . . . Fueß linie .
	Item .a. . . . . . hand line .b. . . . . . arm line .c. . . . . . upright side line or the shoulder intersection line .d. . . . . . Parting line .e. . . . . . upright side or intersection line .f. . . . . . arm line .g. . . . . . hand line	. Item . . a . . . . . . . Hand linie . . b . . . . . . . Arm linie . . c . . . . . . . . . Aufrechte seitten linie / od~ durchschneite Achsel linie. / . d . . . . . . . Scheidel linie . . e . . . . . . Aufrechte seiten od~ durchschneite linie . f . . . . . . . Arm linie . . g . . . . . . . . Handt linie .
	Item .#. . . . . . hanging or crossing line, give the arms strike	. Item . # . . . . . . . Hangende / od~ Crütz linie / gebn dir wehr streich.
	The First Rule: In all bindings you should keep your blade in the outer circle, on which you should drive on his strike always fairly with yours, so no harm will come to you. Than proceed with his displacing outsind or inside the circle, so you got inside the big circle, or outside the small one a sure opening.	[003r] Die Erste Regel: In Allen banden soltu Jenes Klingen im Ausern Zirckl behalten Auf dz du seine~ leib mit deim ort Alweg ganntz habest, so mag dir kain schad nächen. Dan erfahre mit seiner versatzung auß oder In Zirckel, so hast Innerhalb dem grossen zirckel, od~ auserhalb dem kleinen ein gewißen bloß.
	The Other Rule: As often as you have use in binding with the wepons, you should strike by winding inwards, so strike through the face and against the arm, the bind you should try to get again fast.	Die Annder Regel: – Also offt du ein Crütz mit den wehren bindest, so soltu den haw mit einwartz wenden, doplen durch dz gesicht, vnnd gegen dem arm, dz band soldu bald wider han..
	The Third Rule: The drawn strikes change around the head, around the leading point, change is dangerous, thus in good behavior strike with good guards.	Die Dritte Regel: – Die gezogen hew wechsel vmb den Knopff vmb den vordern ort, wechseln ist gefehr, darumb mit gutter hutt heiw mit gebahr.
	The 4. Rule: As often you got astray, or you are misled by him, has lost your way, and you may get wounded so, the cuts learn, with “dempfen”, Backstrikes makes you healthy again, that you bring fast at time. If you get driven out of your ring the next line find you previously seek again, with strikes up and down, so that to work you come again.	Die . 4 . Regel: ~ So offt du dich verihrst, oder wirdst von Im verfiert, hettest dich vmfahren dadurch du möchst werden wund, die scheidlen, mit dempfen, Ruckheüwen machen dich wider gesundt, die du bald bring zur stund. Dan wirstu Auß dem Ring getrüben, die nehest linie hinder d~ wehr such wider, mit hauwen Auf vnnd nider, damit Kunst zur Arbeitt wider. /
	The 5. Rule: Your work drive to first to the Feeble, than to the Strength, than to the body.	Die . 5 . Regel . Dein Arbeitt erst zur schweche treib, dan zur sterck, darnach zum leib.
	The End. In the Feeble you can force him, In the Strength you may rush him twice. Between the binding displace well and hard work in all engagement The “Vor” and “Nach” brings wounding with it In all engagements look out for the cut In twichting, jerking, use the impact (thrust) Stay, Thereafter Riding, finds your opening, In “Vor” and “Nach” grab, grasp him well, Do you break out well [right], he must let you go.	Beschluß. In der schwech kanstu In zwingen In der sterck so magstu In dringen zwischen. [003v] Zwischen den beiden versetzstu recht / Vnnd fleissig werck In allem gefecht / Daß /Vor/ vnnd /Nachd/[!] bringt wunder mit In Allen geferten hab acht deß schnits Im Zucken, rucken, fleiß dich der stoß Bleiben, nachreissen, find die bloß. Im Vor, vnnd Nach grüff, thu recht faßen, Brigstu recht Auß, Er muß dich laßen.

Dagger

Images	Draft Translation by Jon Pellett	1570 Transcription
300px

Pole Weapons

Images	Draft Translation by Jon Pellett	1570 Transcription
	The fifth and last part of this book, in which will be taught and briefly handled the fencing of the Staff, the Halberd, and the Long Spear. I have gathered these three weapons together in a figure, while the spear is best arranged, with its length, in the above perspective thus, as in every figure previously shown, noted with a letter, so the diligent reader should not yet leave and want thus the half staff as a foundation of all long weapons the first take for the hand and firstly advise how many the lyings thus how you the same in the work should do rightly, teach and describe.	[3.16r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/396
	Of the Lyings or Guards. There are five principal lyings, namely the Upper Guard, straight upward before you outstretched and to both sides; the Lower Guard also to both sides; furthermore you thus also have two Near Guards and a Middle Guard; lastly the Tiller Guard.
	Upper Guard Arrange yourself in the Upper Guard like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your chest, so that the fore end stands straight up toward the sky. You should direct it to both sides in the Work, like you are now doing it straight in front of you. If you shall always stand well with the left foot forward, then you must not have your feet too far apart, so that you could always have a step forward.	[3.16v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/397
	Lower Guard Do it like this: stand with your left foot forward and hold your staff with the rear part at your flank and with the fore end outstretched in front of you on the ground. When you hold the butt at your right flank like this it is the same, whether you hold or direct the point outstetched to left or right or straight ahead; whichever you may change to, either after his thrust, or after your techniques are performed.
	Near Guard and Middle Guard For these, arrange yourself like this: stand with the right foot forward and hold your staff with the middle part at your left hip, so that the shorter end and the butt point toward your opponent, but the longer end points behind you. Show your right side to him well, as you see in the lower picture in Figure A on the right hand side. The Middle Guard is the straight defence in front of the opponent, from which most fence.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/397 [3.17v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/399
	Tiller Guard In this, arrange yourself like this: stand with the left foot forward and hold your staff with the fore end in front of your left foot on the ground, and the butt with outstretched arms in front of your face, all such as you can see in the second picture on the left hand side in the previous picture. You should also do the guard like this: stand with right foot forward and hold your staff behind you, also with the fore end on the ground, so you can strike deftly.
	Of the binds and the defences of the staff; also its parts. The staff is divided into four parts, just as was taught previously of the other weapons. There are also four binds, and the first bind is performed at the fore end or outermost part of the staff; the second in front of the hand which is foremost on the staff; the third in the middle of the staff; the fourth will be performed with the butt end through the entering. You should especially be aware and take care of these parts and binds, because different techniques are appropriate to different parts, namely, in the first part and bind, the blow and flying thrust, in the second, staying in the winding and travelling after, and furthermore in the second entering and wrestling.
	There are also four principle defences with the staff, like the binds: the first with the fore end of the staff from both sides, the second in front of the hand, the third in the middle, and the fourth is performed with the butt end. The while all such in techniques is enough to understand, is without ?? difficulties ??? to handle.	[3.18r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/400
	Upper Guard In the approach put yourself in the Upper Guard, and notice as soon as he thrusts toward your left side, then step on your right side away from his thrust, and thrust in at him at the same time he thrusts at you, then wind the long edge against his staff; so he misses with his blow, and you connect with yours.
	However, if he thrusts toward your right, then step away from his thrust toward your left side, and thrust in with him again the same as before.
	The second piece from the Upper Guard Mark, in the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard. If he thrusts from above or below to the body, then step (when he thrusts to one side of you) away from his thrust to the other side, and strike while stepping out at the same time from above downward on his forward hand, and mark diligently, if he draws back the same, then thrust straight ahead toward his face.
	Another, how you should strike him from above down through his staff, and tear out, and strike with one hand. In the approach place yourself in the Upper Guard to the left, that is, so that the fore end or longer part of your staff stands up over your left shoulder, and thus step toward him with your left foot forward; if he thrusts toward your face or chest, then spring well away from his thrust toward his right side, and strike down from above with your staff (which you should be holding fast in both hands) full through on the middle of his staff, so that through this blow you come into the Right Lower Guard; from this (where he would further thrust to your face) tear with the half edge up toward your left shoulder again. While you tear upward like this, give your staff a swing with your left hand, and in this swing let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand from your right over across toward his temple. The upper blow should quickly happen together with the tear, as soon and while this blow connects, then grip your staff with your left hand again, and bring it back into the straight defence.	[3.18v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/401
	Another. Mark, when you strike from above through his staff like this, and after you have torn up again from below, and your left hand together with the fore end of your staff has come upright again, then at once turn up your right hand together with the butt as well, and ? the same ?, lower the fore end with your left hand near your left out to the side, and turn the forward longer part of the staff again up toward his right. This must all happen in a ?. Thrust as then further with a step out straight toward his face, but be careful that you don't turn your right hand downward again to your chest in thrusting, but rather shift the same also well at your chest and inward at your left arm in thrusting ahead of you in to him. So, from the Upper Guard you have learned: firstly, how you should step out and thrust at the same time at him; secondly, striking at his staff down from above and thrusting afterward; thirdly, how you break down through against his staff from above, and tear up from below; lastly, how you should make a deceptive thrust.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/401 [3.19r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/402
	How you should thrust together with him from the Lower Guard. Mark, when you hold your right hand together with the butt of your staff at your right side in the approach, and you have lain your point well ahead of you out on your right side on the ground, observe as soon as he thrusts toward your face, then step step out with your right foot toward your right side, and with your left further toward his left to him; thrust in this way to his face above his left arm while he directs his thrust. You should also duck your head well down toward your right side over your staff while you thrust with him thus, away from his flying thrust, so you are the better defended.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/402 [3.19v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/403
	Another, how you should strike out his thrust, and thrust afterward. In the approach place yourself again in the Lower Guard as before, with your forward knee bent, so that your upper body is well sunk to your staff, and mark as soon as he thrusts, then strike his staff from your right side toward your left in a jerk out, as far as the straight defence, and before he can recover himself from his thrust, thrust with a spring out toward his face.
	Another. Mark, when you fallen into the Left Lower Guard in the approach, and he strikes with one hand from above toward your head, then raise both your arms, and with this spring in well under his stroke, thus parrying his blow with your staff between your hands. As soon as and while the blow lands on your staff, and is still touching, draw the butt toward you with your right hand, letting the point drop downward, direct the same between his hands under his staff to his body, and thus thrust below his staff between his hands in front of his chest. While you are thrusting in like this, turn the butt of your staff together with your right hand down again, and could drive in inside your right arm. After the thrust is performed you should be nimble with the bind again on his staff; therewith you may the better protect yourself from what he does afterward.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/403 [3.20r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/404
	How you should yield to his thrust from the Left Lower Guard, and thrust together with him. In the approach, step with your left foot forward, hold the butt of your staff together with your right hand at your right flank, and let the point of your staff lie outstretched in front of you on the ground, a little out to the left side, and mark as soon as your opponent thrusts at you, then step with your right foot behind your left out to the side, a little toward his right side, and as you set down your right foot in stepping behind, step quickly with your left foot also toward his right side further toward him, and thrust over his right arm (while he thrusts) to his face.
	How you should strike out his thrust from your Left Lower Guard and thrust afterward. Or when you stand in the said way in the Right Lower Guard, then step again as before, while he thrusts, toward his right side away from his thrust, and strike off his staff together with him from your left toward your right, and afterward thrust nimbly again as before (before he can recover) to his face.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/404 [3.20v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/405
	How you should take out from your left upward with the long edge, and thrust again through the Roses from your right side up from below to his face. In the approach place yourself in the Lower Guard to the left as before; if he thrusts at you, then raise both arms, and strike out his thrust upward with the point of your staff from your left toward your right with the long edge, so that your staff in the striking out ends upright, then turn your staff again near your right up from below, and thrust from the same up to his face.
	How you should jerk his staff out and thrust afterward. Mark, when you come in the Lower Guard to someone in the approach, and he won't work after thrusting, then let yourself with gestures mark and behold, as you want to see all first what kind of fencing pieces be, as soon as and while he extends his staff thus from him, then jerk out in an sudden jerk or blow, and thrust nimbly (while his staff lurches away from the thrust) to his face. In this striking out you should diligently take care, that you (in your excitement) don't move your staff too far to the side, but rather strike his (as taught) in a jerk out, so that your staff is straight in front of his face, and thus the thrust is performed before he can recover himself again.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/405 [3.21r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/406
	How you should fence from the Middle Guard. In the approach place yourself in the Middle Guard, such as is shown in the large picture printed in Figure A on the right hand side, and take care as soon as you can reach him, throw your staff with your right hand overthwart across his face, and in the throw give your staff a strong swing with your left hand, and loose the same from the staff, so that your staff can the swifter fly across his face and around your head; while your staff is thus flying through his face and around your head, step to him with your left foot forward, and grip under your staff again with your left hand, while your staff is still flying through the air, and strike to the other from your left to your right through the face; also against his staff through where he drives before him, this blow should be performed with both hands, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard after the blow. While your staff thus in this blow falls into the Lower Guard, if he would nimbly thrust at your face (which would be left open by this movement), then step with your right foot quickly on your right side, and thrust in with him at the same time also to his face, so that you have turned the rear part of your staff together with the long edge against his, and pulled your head well away over your staff, so you are defended.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/406 [3.21v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/407
	Or after you have fallen into the Right Lower Guard after this blow, and he has thrust at the opening offered, then tear out his flying staff upward with the half edge toward your left shoulder; at the same time drive your staff above around your head, and strike him outside over his left arm from your right; you should also drive this blow around with both hands; herein beware that he (while you thus drive your blow around) will thrust to the face; as soon as he does so, move the butt of your staff around lower before your face, and let the blow fly the faster. If he parries your blow with hanging staff, then mark the moment your staff lands on his or misses, then at once turn the butt end upward, and thrust above or below his staff to the body.
	Another, how you should invert before him, or give over, take out, and strike after. In the approach place yourself in the said manner in the Middle Guard to the left side, and step with the left foot behind your right toward him, so that in the movement you turn your back to him. While you thus turn in front of him, he will quickly thrust to your face, meaning to overtake you; then in your backward stepping lift both your hands nimbly upward together with the butt of your staff, outstretched toward his left side, so that the point hangs toward the ground, and as you turn strike his oncoming thrust with your hanging staff from your right out toward your left side, and let the same move through a full swing around your head. While it thus moves through the swing, let go with your left hand (after you have given the staff a strong swing with the same) and strike with one hand a strong swift stroke to his left ear. This is a swift piece which goes well in the first attack; if you provoke his thrust with your turn, then you take his staff out in the time of the turn, and surely hit him, if he has thrust in earnest.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/407 [3.22v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/409
	The techniques learned up to now from the side lyings, I wanted to first set down, since you were to arrive in the same through striking aback, thrusting away, or fending off, so the more smoothly you know how to recover again, also the better you know how to do the techniques that follow; the same with these long weapons as with the weapons previously handled; in full fencing always from one into another, in which you need not first long consider what you are to do, but rather press on with the next technique.
	Now in the straight defence as I have named it here, position yourself in the approach as shown by the pair in the previous figure.
	The first technique in the outermost bind. When you bind with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost part of his, then press the same in a sudden strong jerk out to the side, such that yours does not move after the pressing out, but rather thrust nimbly off from his staff ahead to his face, and that quickly before he has recovered himself from the pressing out.
	Another, how you should move through and thrust on the other side after the jerking out. When you become aware in the pressing out that he is coming on nimbly with his staff, so that you cannot overtake him with the thrust you were taught, then do this: Jerk his staff again on one side as before, and let yourself seem as if you want to thrust as before, but as soon as and while he speeds his staff again toward yours, meaning to parry your thrust, then meanwhile go through under his staff, and with a spring out thrust to his face with great speed and force. This is a swift passage, when you thus unexpectedly jerk someone's staff out, and nimbly go through under, and thrust in on the other side.	[3.23r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/410
	Another, how you should press out his staff and strike to his forward leg. In the approach bind from your left hand side, with the outermost part of your staff on the outermost of his, and press his out with a sudden jerk toward his left side, and draw your staff nimbly back again, toward your left around your head. Let go of the staff with your left hand, and strike with one hand strongly from your right overthwart, with a wide step of your right foot through his feet; grip your staff again with your left hand while the same is thus moving through in the stroke, and then strike the other with both hands through to his right shoulder, so that you end in the Right Lower Guard; from this thrust to his face after the manner described above.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/410 [3.23v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/411
	Or when you thus strike through overthwart to his forward leg, then look that you grip your staff again on your left side with your left hand; as soon as you have gripped it, draw the butt back to your right at your chest, and move the left well along the staff with outstretched arm; while you draw your hands apart thus on the staff, turn the staff toward his, and strike out the same (while he thrusts), so that you strongly and forcefully come again into the straight defence with left arm stretched far out, and then thrust nimbly straight ahead to his face.
	A piece, how you should make the Brain Blow. Do it like this: in the approach bind the tip of your staff with the tip of his; let yourself seem as if you are earnestly looking where or how you want to thrust to his face. As soon as he notices, he will diligently take care on your leaving the bind, that he could nimbly thrust while you leave. When you place yourself earnestly, like you want to thrust, then quickly jerk the butt of your staff upward, and swing the staff back with your left hand toward your left around your head, and thus unexpectedly strike straight from above to his head, and if he would yet thrust under this, then the same does not serve, for then you are too swift with the blow to his head. This and the like pieces have the more part in the Practice, namely that you outrace your opponent with unexpected speed, when he makes the slightest mistake.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/411 [3.24r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/412
	Another, with the skewed stroke. Mark, when you have bound your opponent as taught above, then surreptitiously invert your right hand on your staff, and deceive him meanwhile by appearance, so that he doesn't notice what you are doing, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then step toward him quickly with the right foot, and strike a swift and powerful stroke over the hand, straight from above to his head, so that your upper body is sunk well down after the blow, then nimbly move your staff up again, and at the same time step back again with the right foot, and grab your staff with your left hand again, so that you can strongly defend yourself again. You can move to this skewed stroke as you do the aforesaid brain blow, namely when you first jerk out his staff, or else when you can hinder him with some other technique, so that you can hit him with the skewed stroke before he can come up again.
	How you should strike around from his staff and shoot over. Further, when you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, and he is hard on your staff, the be aware as soon as he wants to press you out to the side with force, then draw back your staff nimbly (while he is pressing out) around your head with both hands, and strike outside over his left arm to his head with a step out. As soon as this blow connects, quickly shift your staff over his near his hands, as you can see shown hereafter in Figure G; when you have thus found and barred his staff, then you may go in and thrust with the butt of your staff, or strike in front of his face with the longer part; if he moves his point up, and works it out under your staff, then follow after from below with thrusting, winding, or pressing.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/412 [3.25r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/414
	How you should go through him. Mark, if your opponent is hard on your staff in the bind, and presses away from him, then go under through, and thrust on the other side. Or while he thus presses out your staff with his hard bind, again go hard on his staff (while he is still pressing) through under, and jerk him out with a ? blow from the other side, and thrust nimbly before he has recovered.
	Another. If someone binds hard on your staff, then hold hard against him with your bind; if he also presses against yours, then quickly go through below, and act as if you want to thrust, but don't; rather draw through below again, and thrust to the side which you were originally bound on.
	How you should learn missing in the bind. Mark diligently, when you have bound with someone from your left side, then diligently observe and feel just as soon as he leaves the bind, to go through below or to work otherwise, then thrust while he is thus leaving, straight ahead to his face.	[3.25v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/415
	Another is a counter to the former. When you become aware in the bind, that your opponent is watching for your leaving, and wants to thrust to the opening while you are leaving, then let yourself seem by your appearance as if you earnestly want to move away from his staff and thrust, and when you think that he is ready to thrust, then move off his staff to the side, as if you wanted to thrust as said, but don't; rather, while he rushes in with his thrust, strike it up out to the side, and thrust in as first ?, then when he rushes in, you can easily take his staff out, and overtake him well before he can recover himself again.
	Thus you should mark and be aware of what your opponent wants to fence and drive to you, so that you catch him just in his own technique, as next herefore at this one then inclined true soon after to thrust [???]. Then you must expose yourself cautiously and warily to the same, and place yourself in such a way with the appearance, as resist befalling the approximate and ignorant [???], or you have wasted your ? thrust after with reluctance, so that through this he will be all the more incited to thrust, with which thrust or blow he fails and exposes himself, as close that he so agile hardly against comes up and may recover himself [???], before then you have overtaken him. This will be expanded on further on by example in the halberd.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/415 [3.26r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/416
	A deceptive piece. When you have bound with someone in the approach, and neither of you will leave the other's staff, then thrust to his leading foot with a serious appearance, exposing your face, to which he will nimbly thrust, then step out to the side with your lead foot, followed by the right, and thrust under his staff from below (while the same flies in the thrust) to his face, and pull your head well away from his thrust behind your staff, so you hit him (while he is thrusting) in the face. Or when you thrust or strike to his foot, and meanwhile he thrusts to your face, then strike out his flying thrust, and at the same time spring out to the side away from his thrust, and thrust quickly and nimbly.
	How you should thrust with one hand out over his left arm to his face, wind through with the butt end of your staff, and strike to the right shoulder. If you have bound someone ahead from your left against his right, but he stays still and does not work, then step with your rear right foot to your right side, and go with your point hard on his staff through below, and thrust nimbly and unexpectedly from your right over his left arm to his face. In thrusting, let go of your staff with your left hand, and give the right side the thrust, so that you reach in the further. In this thrust turn up your right hand together with the butt of your staff toward your left side, and draw your staff around your head, and in this drawing around spring in nimbly on your left side. Strike thus wickedly to his right shoulder. This blow together with the thrust should be done nimbly one after another and together. Then spring back, so that you may be sure to catch and grip your staff again.	[3.26r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/416 [3.26v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/417
	Another, how you should wind through with the thrust. Do it like this: if you find yourself in the straight defence in the approach, then thrust straight from your right to his left hand, that he has placed forward on his staff; but in the beginning, let yourself seem by your appearance as if you wanted to thrust to his face. When you come near his hand with your point, go through below his staff and step with your left foot well out to his right side, and take your head well aside with you, and turn your point thus in thrusting through outside over his right arm to the face - turn your open right hand well upward, inside your left arm, so the thrust goes the deeper.
	A swift and artful thrust against one who does not work, but rather lies strongly in the defence. Mark, when you find your opponent in the straight defence in the approach, then place yourself thus also, and let yourself seem by your appearance, as if you wanted first wanted to see how you should fence; when he makes the slightest mistake, step quickly with your right foot out to his left side, and thrust over his left hand (which he has put forward on the staff) straight to his chest, not touching his staff with yours. In this thrust move your right hand well toward your left arm, and on the same inside, and turn your open left hand around upward, so the thrust goes the deeper, and hit surely, as you see set out in the picture on the left side in Figure E.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/417 [3.27r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/418
	Another: how you thrust upward through his face. If your opponent presses on you in the bind, then stay hard on his staff with yours; as soon as he comes so close, that the staves touch together with the beginning of the second parts, then stay below with the hard bind on his staff, and push the butt end forward with your right hand, so that your tip points toward his right shoulder, then step well out to his left side with your right foot, and thrust with your staff (still staying hard on his staff) to his right shoulder. In thrusting, turn your right hand with the butt end around toward you again, toward your chest, so that your finger is at your chest and your open hand is above. While you thus thrust, staying hard on his staff, to his right shoulder, and in thrusting turn the butt of your staff toward you again, move your thrust upward, and hit him in the face; he must direct and perform the work very nimbly and strongly.
	At the same time as you make this thrust, lift your staff with both hands, and strike nimbly from above down to his face, and in this blow spring further toward his left side with your right foot.	[3.27v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/419
	Another: how you should thrust a miss hard on his staff in front of him, and strike afterward long. In the approach don't come too near to your opponent, and mark while he doesn't want to work, then thrust to his right side hard on his staff; as soon as he notices the thrust and repels it to his right, let your staff run off near his right side, and draw it around your head with your right hand, and strike a swift stroke with one hand to his left ear.
	A good stroke in the going over. Do it like this: in the approach, as soon as you can reach the tip of his staff with the tip of yours, hold your point straight in front of his face, and turn yourself well on your right side, so that you turn your back to him, and while you turn your back, step with your right foot behind your left toward him, turning completely around on your right with this step, and strike with one hand, that is, around with your right hand, straight down to his head. This blow works very well when you do it right; if he thrusts at you while you are turning, he cannot reach you, because you were bound on his tip, and if he can reach you, to touch your exposed back, you surely hit him when he thrusts; the stroke runs so swiftly, that he cannot deliver any thrust before the same. You may also direct the stroke across from the middle in this turn.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/419 [3.28v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/421
	Another, with a Middle Blow. When you can reach his staff with the tip of yours in the approach, then draw your staff around your head, and strike across with one hand from your right to his left ear. In this stroke step with your right foot toward his left side, and as your stroke connects, grip with your left hand hard on your staff again in front of your right, and pull your right hand and staff to your chest. While you thus pull your staff toward you, move your left hand along the staff, until your arm is lies outstretched widely on the staff, and thus the left hand (as a shield) moves on the staff in front of your face.
	The withdrawn thrust. When you have bound your opponent, or stand before him in the defence, and he doesn't want to work, then thrust earnestly to his face, and look under it diligently; then he is ready to parry and bear off your thrust, so don't complete it, but rather draw it back again quickly through your left hand, so that you have your left hand fully outstretched in front of your face. As you pull back your staff, place yourself with a serious appearance, as if you want to go through below, and thrust on the other side; as you thus distract with looks, you must masterfully raise your lead foot and set it down again, and as you seem to be thrusting on the other side, while he moves out to the side against your thrust to turn the same aside, thrust straight ahead at the same point, that you originally drew back from. This should be done nimbly, and performed earnestly in all circumstances.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/421 [3.29r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/422
	However, when he works before you and would thrust at you, then set aside the thrust with your staff with a jerk, and move the parry nimbly into a thrust, but while your thrust is on its way, pull the same back again, as if you wanted to thrust through below again; then he will want to encounter it quickly, so while he sweeps to the other side, meaning to parry, thrust straight ahead again to where you pulled back from.
	With these withdrawn thrusts you can break all guards. For example, if you find your opponent in the Left Lower Guard, then thrust straight to his face, and meanwhile observe if he starts to strike into your thrust with his staff, then suddenly draw it back toward you a little, and nimbly go through below, and thrust him on his left side (while he is moving his staff upward) over his left arm to the face; but if he moves toward your staff, go through below again, and do so until you see your opportunity to reach an opening.
	Winding. If your opponent binds hard on your staff from his left side against your right, and presses hard towards you in the straight defence, so that you may not depart from his staff with any technique, then stay hard with the bind in front of his hand on the staff; press with the point toward his face, so that he is compelled to move up. As soon as he has raised his staff a little, stay with your point on his continually, and wind the butt end over nimbly from your right to his left above his, press it down, and strike him on the head with the fore end (so that your left hand comes over your right), as is shown in the middle of Figure D.	[3.29v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/423
	Another. In the approach bind strongly from your right against his left on his staff, and work with the point again toward his face, so that he is compelled to raise his staff; as soon as and while he is still raising his staff, bend down, and spring toward him under his staff with your right foot, staying throughout continually with your point on his staff, and in this spring go through under his with the butt of your staff, and turn the same over his staff on his right side, so the point comes after, with which strike him on the head, or press down with the butt of your staff (while you have wound over), and tear out with the same, and thrust with the point to his face; but if he presses upward so strongly, that you can't force his staff down with the butt of your own, then wind your point (while you must go up with the butt from the pressing) up from below to his face, near his right arm, while he presses upward. However, if he wants to lift the butt of his staff (while you wind over his staff with the butt of yours) and wind over above, then quickly turn your point from your left against his right over his right arm in around his head, and catch him around the neck with your staff, and jerk him toward you on your left side.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/423 [3.30r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/424
	Or bind him from your right side against his left, and stay hard with your point on his staff, but turn the butt of your staff in from below between his hand and staff as you step in with your right foot. Tear out upward with it, as shown in the middle of Figure F printed hereafter; then work further with your point.
	Item: bind him from your left against his right, hard on his staff in front of his hand; stay with the same point hard on his staff, and wind the butt of your staff (with a spring of your right foot) over his staff, and over his right shoulder around his neck. Step further with your right foot behind his left, and throw him over your right leg, as you can see printed in Figure C.
	A staff-taking. It often happens that both staves become bound together in the middle; when this happens, stay on his staff with yours, and let go with your left hand; invert it, grab both staves, and go through below with the butt of your staff. Press upward toward you with your right hand, so he must let go, or fall when you step back with your right foot.	Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/424 [3.30v] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/425
	Driving. Fence like this: when you are right foot forward in the approach, with your left hand foremost on the staff, lift up your staff with both hands toward your left shoulder, and thus strike strongly through (with a further step of your left foot) against his right from above to his fingers, ending in Right Lower Guard, with bent body, then tear strongly upward through his staff, ending again in Left Upper Guard. If he thrusts meanwhile, then strike down from above, and tear out up from below. Drive this one stroke strongly into three, four, or five together, until you see your opportunity to thrust.
	A technique from the Driving. In the approach, as soon as you can reach your opponent, drive wickedly from above and below, as taught strongly together; when you have driven one stroke into four, then act as if you want to most earnestly and strongly strike to his right shoulder, but in striking down, move your staff nimbly hard on his staff through below, and step well out to his left side as you go through, and as you do so thrust over his left arm from the other side to his face.
	In all fencing observe diligently, that you in no way let yourself be provoked or deceived, and don't thrust a lone thrust expecially the forepart in the before, but if you find your opponent in a guard that gives you an opening, then you should not commit to the same thrust, but rather see if you can provoke him with withdrawn thrusts; afterward you may change through. But if he remains too long in his guard aforesaid, then you can suddenly overtake him, when he makes the slightest mistake. But if you have bound, and may not thrust well to some opening (in the before), put in a thrust hard on his staff, and feel precisely in thrusting, whether he wants to take out or strike out your thrust. As soon as you sense this, go through below with your thrust, and help his staff fully to the side, toward which he has struck out, or thrust in on the other side while he is striking out. But if you sense that he wants to thrust at the same time as you do, then don't move your staff, but rather act subtly and secretly or unnoticed, until he makes a full thrust. As soon as he thrusts, then move out his staff in your thrust, and fully put in your upraised thrust. Thus you should not be moving in all techniques, but rather attend to how he approaches, so you can the more smoothly encounter him.	[3.31r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/426
	Another from the going through. Drive again through his staff as before, once, twice, and when he makes the slightest mistake, then fall through below his staff, and quickly tear out his staff downward from your right toward your left, and let your staff go around your head, and strike long with one hand. But before I finish with this weapon, I will also run over and go through the others, because without it these three weapons fence from one ground.
		[3.32r] Page:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens (Joachim Meyer) 1570.pdf/428

Copyright and License Summary

For further information, including transcription and translation notes, see the discussion page.

Work	Author(s)	Source	License
Lund Images		Wiktenauer
1570 Images	Tobias Stimmer	Meyer Frei Fechter Guild
Rostock Images	Universitätsbibliothek Rostock	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Viewer
Translation	Mike Rasmusson	Schielhau.org
Translation	Kevin Maurer	Meyer Frei Fechter Guild
Translation	Jon Pellett	Megalophias his Page
Lund Transcription		Index:Joachim Meyers Fäktbok (MS A.4º.2)
1570 Transcription		Index:Gründtliche Beschreibung der Kunst des Fechtens
Rostock Transcription	Jens P. Kleinau	Index:Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)

Additional Resources

• Kiermayer, Alex. Joachim Meyers Kunst Des Fechtens. Gründtliche Beschreibung des Fechtens, 1570. Arts of Mars Books, 2012. ISBN 978-3981162738
• Meyer, Joachim. Joachim Meyer 1600: Transkription des Fechtbuchs 'Gründtliche Beschreibung der freyen Ritterlichen und Adelichen kunst des Fechtens’. TAT. Wolfgang Landwehr, 2011. ISBN 978-3932077371
• Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Combat: A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng.
  • 1st Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4039-7092-0
  • 2nd edition. London: Frontline Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-84832-778-8
• Meyer, Joachim. The Art of Sword Combat: A 1568 German Treatise on Swordmanship. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books, 2016. ISBN 9781473876750