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| rowspan="2" | [[File:MS Dresd.C.487 088r.png|200px|center]]
 
| <p>'''In St George's name here begins the art.'''</p>
 
| <p>'''In St George's name here begins the art.'''</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 088r.png|1|lbl=88r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 088r.png|1|lbl=88r}}
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| <p>[1] {{red|b=1|Here begins the earnest fight on horse and foot}}</p>
 
| <p>[1] {{red|b=1|Here begins the earnest fight on horse and foot}}</p>
  
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|  
 
|  
 
| <p>[4] {{red|b=1|The second ground position}}</p>
 
| <p>[4] {{red|b=1|The second ground position}}</p>
 +
 +
<p><br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p>When you would not shoot [throw] your spear, then hold it next to your right side in the lower guard and go to him thus. And stab him bravely from underneath at his face, before he does it [to you]. If he jabs at the same time or sets aside, then drive up in the high guard. So that his point remains on your left arm. Stab him at once with the point over his arm into his face. If he then drives up and sets aside with his left arm then jerk down and set the point in the opening of his left arm pit.</p>
 
<p>When you would not shoot [throw] your spear, then hold it next to your right side in the lower guard and go to him thus. And stab him bravely from underneath at his face, before he does it [to you]. If he jabs at the same time or sets aside, then drive up in the high guard. So that his point remains on your left arm. Stab him at once with the point over his arm into his face. If he then drives up and sets aside with his left arm then jerk down and set the point in the opening of his left arm pit.</p>
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|  
| <p>[8] When you [come to] each other, then be aware which foot he sets forward, then strike him to the left side with your right [foot]. From the beating aside, spring to him with your right foot behind his left, and press behind his knee joint with your right knee, and using both hands tear him backwards over your knee.</p>
+
| <p>[8] </p>
|  
+
 
 +
<p>When you [come to] each other, then be aware which foot he sets forward, then strike him to the left side with your right [foot]. From the beating aside, spring to him with your right foot behind his left, and press behind his knee joint with your right knee, and using both hands tear him backwards over your knee.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 091v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092r.png|1|lbl=92r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 091v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092r.png|1|lbl=92r|p=1}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 103r.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 103r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[9] Or try the following. When you spring with your right foot behind his left, then go with your left foot between his legs. Clamp his left knee between both of your legs and hold it firmly. Push/thrust him in front against his forehead with your left hand, and with your right draw him backwards to behind him.</p>
+
| <p>[9] </p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>Or try the following. When you spring with your right foot behind his left, then go with your left foot between his legs. Clamp his left knee between both of your legs and hold it firmly. Push/thrust him in front against his forehead with your left hand, and with your right draw him backwards to behind him.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 103r.png|4|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 103r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
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| <p>[11] {{red|b=1|The Text}}</p>
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| <p>[11]</p>
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|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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 +
|-
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| <p>[12] {{red|b=1|The Text}}</p>
  
 
<p>From both hands<br/>if you would conclude well with art</p>
 
<p>From both hands<br/>if you would conclude well with art</p>
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|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092v.png|1|lbl=92v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092v.png|1|lbl=92v|p=1}}
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 103r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 103r.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
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|-  
 
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| <p>[12] {{red|b=1|Sword against spear. Parry with the halfsword.}}</p>
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| <p>[13] {{red|b=1|Sword against spear. Parry with the halfsword.}}</p>
  
 
<p><br/>If you've been reversed<br/>the sword against spear will go seek<br/>The weapon will take the stab<br/>Spring to wrestle reach to him</p>
 
<p><br/>If you've been reversed<br/>the sword against spear will go seek<br/>The weapon will take the stab<br/>Spring to wrestle reach to him</p>
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{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 093r.png|1|lbl=93r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 092v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 093r.png|1|lbl=93r|p=1}}
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 103v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 104r.png|1|lbl=104r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 103v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 104r.png|1|lbl=104r|p=1}}
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| <p>[14]</p>
 
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{{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085r.jpg|1|lbl=85r|p=1}}
{{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 084v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085r.jpg|1|lbl=85r|p=1}}
 
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[13]</p>
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| <p>[15]</p>
 
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 2,125: Line 2,144:
 
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|-  
 
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| <p>[14] If he then jabs with the spear, drive high and parry the stab before your left hand with sword the on the left side, and spring to him and set the point on him. If this is not possible, then let your sword fall [drop it] and go over in the wrestle.</p>
+
| <p>[16] If he then jabs with the spear, drive high and parry the stab before your left hand with sword the on the left side, and spring to him and set the point on him. If this is not possible, then let your sword fall [drop it] and go over in the wrestle.</p>
  
 
(Repetition)
 
(Repetition)
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|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[15] When he jabs towards you and you stand in the lower guard, then set [aside] his stab from with the sword before your left hand on his right side, and go over in setting aside or the wrestle.</p>
+
| <p>[17] </p>
|  
+
 
 +
<p>When he jabs towards you and you stand in the lower guard, then set [aside] his stab from with the sword before your left hand on his right side, and go over in setting aside or the wrestle.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 093r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 093v.png|1|lbl=93v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 093r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 093v.png|1|lbl=93v|p=1}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[16] {{red|b=1|Parry with the open hand.}}</p>
+
| <p>[18] {{red|b=1|Parry with the open hand.}}<br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p>Hit long from left hand<br/>Spring wisely and then see<br/>If he will seek away<br/>from injury and hit<br/>so that his openings<br/>are harassed by the sword's point</p>
 
<p>Hit long from left hand<br/>Spring wisely and then see<br/>If he will seek away<br/>from injury and hit<br/>so that his openings<br/>are harassed by the sword's point</p>
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|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[17] When he stabs underneeth with his spear, to your guts. Then grab his spear with your left hand and hold it firmly. At the same time stab him underneath in the gut. And if he then wants to pull strongly on the spear and jerk it from your hand, then press the spear up over and let him go. So that he gives you an opening. Grab your sword at once with your left hand, follow to him and set the point on him.</p>
+
| <p>[19] </p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 094r.png|1|lbl=94r}}
+
 
 +
<p>When he stabs underneeth with his spear, to your guts. Then grab his spear with your left hand and hold it firmly. At the same time stab him underneath in the gut. And if he then wants to pull strongly on the spear and jerk it from your hand, then press the spear up over and let him go. So that he gives you an opening. Grab your sword at once with your left hand, follow to him and set the point on him.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 094r.png|1|lbl=94r}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085v.jpg|1|lbl=85v}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085v.jpg|1|lbl=85v}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 104v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 104v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[18] {{red|b=1|When you set the point to an equipped (armoured) man.}}</p>
+
| <p>[20] {{red|b=1|When you set the point to an equipped (armoured) man.}}</p>
  
 
<p>Leather and gloves<br/>under the eyes seek the openings rightly</p>
 
<p>Leather and gloves<br/>under the eyes seek the openings rightly</p>
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{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 094r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 094v.png|1|lbl=94v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 094r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 094v.png|1|lbl=94v|p=1}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 085v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 104v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 104v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/><br/>
  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 105r.png|1|lbl=105r}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 105r.png|1|lbl=105r}}
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|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[19] {{red|b=1|Secret wrestling techniques.}}</p>
+
| <p>[21] {{red|b=1|Secret wrestling techniques.}}<br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p>Bring the forbidden wrestlings<br/>to the lesson wisely,<br/>to lock find<br/>the strength to wend over with</p>
 
<p>Bring the forbidden wrestlings<br/>to the lesson wisely,<br/>to lock find<br/>the strength to wend over with</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[20] {{red|b=1|The first technique.}}</p>
+
| <p>[22] {{red|b=1|The first technique.}}</p>
  
 
<p>The cast over the leg to behind: When he seizes you you above and then draws you to him with strength to him or will thrust you from him, then strike the right arm outside over his left hand, just behind his hand. Press his arm with both hands at the breast, spring with your right foot behind his left and throw him over your knee.</p>
 
<p>The cast over the leg to behind: When he seizes you you above and then draws you to him with strength to him or will thrust you from him, then strike the right arm outside over his left hand, just behind his hand. Press his arm with both hands at the breast, spring with your right foot behind his left and throw him over your knee.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>[23]</p>
 
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|  
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 086r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 086r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
 +
| <p>[24] </p>
 +
 +
<p>Cast over the leg in front, and break the arm when he siezes you above but doesn't grip firmly. Then grab his right hand with your right, draw him to you with your left hand and grab his elbow. Step with your left foot in front of his right and pull him over that.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 095v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 086v.jpg|1|lbl=86v}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 105v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|1|lbl=106r|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[21] Cast over the leg in front, and break the arm when he siezes you above but doesn't grip firmly. Then grab his right hand with your right, draw him to you with your left hand and grab his elbow. Step with your left foot in front of his right and pull him over that. Or fall with your breast onto his arm and break it so.</p>
+
| <p>[25] Or fall with your breast onto his arm and break it so.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 095v.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 095v.png|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 086v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 105v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|1|lbl=106r|p=1}}
+
| <p>[26] </p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Grip his left hand with your left hand, just above the hand, and tear him to you. Strike your right arm strongly over his left arm (in the bend) and break it over your right using your left. Spring with your right foot behind his right and throw him over that.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 095v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|1|lbl=96r|p=1}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 086v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[22] Grip his left hand with your left hand, just above the hand, and tear him to you. Strike your right arm strongly over his left arm (in the bend) and break it over your right using your left. Spring with your right foot behind his right and throw him over that.</p>
+
| <p>[27] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 095v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|1|lbl=96r|p=1}}
+
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 086v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[23] When he drives through under your right arm with his left arm and wants to catch you around the body, then strike with your right arm strongly from above and outside into his left elbow joint and turn away from him.</p>
+
| <p>[28] </p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
 
 +
<p>When he drives through under your right arm with his left arm and wants to catch you around the body, then strike with your right arm strongly from above and outside into his left elbow joint and turn away from him.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 086v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087r.jpg|1|lbl=87r|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| <p>[29] </p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When he has you gathered in his arms and you also have him in the same way, and he stands with a straight leg. Then stamp against his straight leg, so you break his leg.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|1|lbl=106v|p=1}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[24] When he has you gathered in his arms and you also have him in the same way, and he stands with a straight leg. Then stamp against his straight leg, so you break his leg.</p>
+
| <p>[30] You will also thrust with the knee or foot into the testicles. But be aware that he does not catch your leg.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106r.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|1|lbl=106v|p=1}}
+
| <p>[31] </p>
 +
 
 +
<p>When he approaches you with an open hand or outstretched fingers, then try to seize a finger. Break it above, then you'll lead him to the edge of the arena,</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096v.png|1|lbl=96v}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[25] You will also thrust with the knee or foot into the testicles. But be aware that he does not catch your leg.</p>
+
| <p>[32] also weaken him on this side and win ever more advantage.</p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096r.png|4|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[33] </p>
 +
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[34] </p>
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087r.jpg|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087v.jpg|1|lbl=87v|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[35] </p>
 +
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[26] When he approaches you with an open hand or outstretched fingers, then try to seize a finger. Break it above, then you'll lead him to the edge of the arena,</p>
+
| <p>[36] </p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096v.png|1|lbl=96v}}
+
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[27] also weaken him on this side and win ever more advantage.</p>
+
| <p>[37] </p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096v.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[28] {{red|b=1|Text of another teaching}}</p>
+
| <p>[38] {{red|b=1|Text of another teaching}}<br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p>With all weapons<br/>turn the point to the openings</p>
 
<p>With all weapons<br/>turn the point to the openings</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 096v.png|3|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 087v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[29] {{red|b=1|The serious fight sword vs sword}}</p>
+
| <p>[39] {{red|b=1|The serious fight sword vs sword}}<br/><br/><br/></p>
  
<p><br/>Where one in defense<br/>draws the sword visibly to him<br/>That one shall strongly<br/>defend right mark well</p>
+
<p>Where one in defense<br/>draws the sword visibly to him<br/>That one shall strongly<br/>defend right mark well</p>
  
 
<p>When both javelins have been thrown and the sword fight begins, then you should before all things pay attention to the four guards with the half sword. From them stab always to his upper opening. If he then jabs or binds with your sword. Then your should immediately notice if he is hard or soft at the sword. And when you have noted that, then use the strong against him, as is described in the following.</p>
 
<p>When both javelins have been thrown and the sword fight begins, then you should before all things pay attention to the four guards with the half sword. From them stab always to his upper opening. If he then jabs or binds with your sword. Then your should immediately notice if he is hard or soft at the sword. And when you have noted that, then use the strong against him, as is described in the following.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097r.png|1|lbl=97r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097v.png|1|lbl=97v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097r.png|1|lbl=97r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097v.png|1|lbl=97v|p=1}}
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{{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088r.jpg|1|lbl=88r}}
 
|  
 
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|6|lbl=-}}
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{{section|Page:MS Var.82 106v.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/><br/>
  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 107r.png|1|lbl=107r}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 107r.png|1|lbl=107r}}
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[30] {{red|b=1|The first guard from the half sword.}}</p>
+
| <p>[40] {{red|b=1|The first guard from the half sword.}}<br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p>Holding your sword with the right hand on the grip and the left in the middle of your sword, keeping it on your right side above your head and let the point hang down towards his face.</p>
 
<p>Holding your sword with the right hand on the grip and the left in the middle of your sword, keeping it on your right side above your head and let the point hang down towards his face.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 107r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 107v.png|1|lbl=107v|p=1}}
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|-
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 107r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 107v.png|1|lbl=107v|p=1}}
+
| <p>[41] </p>
 +
 
 +
<p>If he then stands in the lower guard and wants to stab you underneath, then stab down from above between the sword and his closest hand. Press the pommel underneath, wind the point on his sword under and through to his right side and set the point on him.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 107v.png|2|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[31] If he then stands in the lower guard and wants to stab you underneath, then stab down from above between the sword and his closest hand. Press the pommel underneath, wind the point on his sword under and through to his right side and set the point on him.</p>
+
| <p>[42] </p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 097v.png|3|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 107v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[32] Stab him in the face from the first guard. If he fends that off then jerk or go through with the point to the other side, just as before. When you have set the point against him then put your sword under your right armpit with the hilt on your breast and push him from you.</p>
+
| <p>[43] Stab him in the face from the first guard. If he fends that off then jerk or go through with the point to the other side, just as before. When you have set the point against him then put your sword under your right armpit with the hilt on your breast and push him from you.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 098r.png|1|lbl=98r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 098r.png|1|lbl=98r}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 2,306: Line 2,431:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[33]</p>
+
| <p>[44]</p>
  
<p>Stab him in the face from the first guard, hust as before. If he puts the sword in front of him with the left hand in front and keeps the point in front of the face, and sets it sround to you. Then grip with the left hand the point of his sword and hold it tight. With your right hand stab him hard in the face. If he then wants to jerk on the sword and pull it from your hand, then suddenly let it go, so he gives you an opening. Straight away grip your sword again in the middle with your left hand and follow straight away to him.</p>
+
<p>Stab him in the face from the first guard, hust as before. If he puts the sword in front of him with the left hand in front and keeps the point in front of the face, and sets it sround to you. Then grip with the left hand the point of his sword and hold it tight. With your right hand stab him hard in the face. </p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 098r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 098v.png|1|lbl=98v|p=1}}
 
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|  
 
|  
 +
{{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088v.jpg|1|lbl=88v|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 107v.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 108r.png|1|lbl=108r|p=1}}
 
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Line 2,317: Line 2,443:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[34]</p>
+
| <p>[45] If he then wants to jerk on the sword and pull it from your hand, then suddenly let it go, so he gives you an opening. Straight away grip your sword again in the middle with your left hand and follow straight away to him.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 098v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 108r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[46] </p>
 +
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
 
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[47]</p>
  
 
<p>If you grab his sword and he grabs yours, then let go of his sword and grip yours again in the middle with your left hand, wind the point out and over his left hand and set the point at him.</p>
 
<p>If you grab his sword and he grabs yours, then let go of his sword and grip yours again in the middle with your left hand, wind the point out and over his left hand and set the point at him.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 098v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099r.png|1|lbl=99r|p=1}}
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{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 098v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099r.png|1|lbl=99r|p=1}}
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|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 108r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
 
 +
|-
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 108r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
| <p>[48] </p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Or throw the sword in front of his feet. Grab his left hand with your left hand and set an arm break, or some other wrestle on.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 108r.png|4|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[35] Or throw the sword in front of his feet. Grab his left hand with your left hand and set an arm break, or some other wrestle on.</p>
+
| <p>[49] </p>
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 088v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 108r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[36] When you stab him to the face from the upper guard. And he with his left hand siezes your sword between your hands, then drives through with his pommel outside or inside above his left hand. Tear to your right side and set the point on him. When you do, you'll also strike him with the pommel from the upper guard.</p>
+
| <p>[50] </p>
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099v.png|1|lbl=99v|p=1}}
 
 
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|
 +
 +
|-
 +
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 +
| <p>[51] </p>
 +
|
 +
| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 089r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
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|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[37] {{red|b=1|The second guard with the half sword}}</p>
+
| <p>[52] </p>
  
<p>Hold your sword with both hands, down to your right side, with the grip next to your knee. Your left foot will stand forward and the point shall be directed at the face of your opponent.</p>
+
<p>When you stab him to the face from the upper guard. And he with his left hand siezes your sword between your hands, then drives through with his pommel outside or inside above his left hand. Tear to your right side and set the point on him.</p>
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099v.png|1|lbl=99v|p=1}}
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| {{section|page:MS E.1939.65.341 089r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
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 +
|-
 +
|
 +
| <p>[53] When you do, you'll also strike him with the pommel from the upper guard.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
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| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 108v.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[54] {{red|b=1|The second guard with the half sword}}<br/><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Hold your sword with both hands, down to your right side, with the grip next to your knee. Your left foot will stand forward and the point shall be directed at the face of your opponent.</p>
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 099v.png|3|lbl=-}}
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Revision as of 02:43, 18 July 2015

Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck
Period 15th century
Occupation Fencing master
Nationality German
Patron Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria
Movement Society of Liechtenauer
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Tobler, 2001
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck (Sigmund ain Ringeck, Sigmund Amring, Sigmund Einring, Sigmund Schining) was a 15th century German fencing master. While the meaning of the surname "Schining" is uncertain, the suffix "ein Ringeck" may indicate that he came from the Rhineland region of south-eastern Germany. He is named in the text as Schirmaister to Albrecht, Count Palatine of Rhine and Duke of Bavaria. This may signify Schirrmeister, a logistical officer charged with overseeing the wagons and horse-drawn artillery pieces, or potentially Schirmmeister, a title used by lower-class itinerant fencing masters in the Medieval period.[1] Apart from his service to the duke, the only thing that can be determined about his life is that his renown as a master was sufficient for Paulus Kal to include him on his memorial to the masters of the Society of Liechtenauer in 1470.[2]

The identity of Ringeck's patron remains unclear, as four men named Albrecht ruled Bavaria during the fifteenth century; assuming that Ringeck was a personal student of Liechtenauer, further narrows the list down to just two. If the MS 3227a is correctly dated to 1389, then Liechtenauer was a 14th century master and Ringeck's patron was Albrecht I, who reigned from 1353 to 1404. If, as increasingly seems likely, Liechtenauer was an early 15th century master (an associate or student of H. Beringer) and the Society of Liechtenauer was assembled to fight in the Hussite Wars of the 1420s and 30s, then Ringeck's patron would have been Albrecht III, who carried the title from 1438 to 1460.[3] Albrecht IV claimed the title in 1460 and thus also could have been Ringeck's patron; this would probably signify that Ringeck was not a direct student of Liechtenauer at all, but a later inheritor of the tradition. That said, Albrecht IV lived until 1508 and so the Dresden, Glasgow, and Salzburg manuscripts were likely created during his reign.

Ringeck is often erroneously credited as the author of the MS Dresd.C.487. Ringeck was indeed the author of one of the core texts, a complete gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on unarmored long sword fencing, and he may also have authored a set of teachings that sometimes accompany the gloss on fencing from a low guard called side guard or iron gate; the glosses of Liechtenauer's short sword and mounted fencing found therein are generally assumed to also be Ringeck's, though they don't mention his name. However, the remainder of the manuscript contains an assortment of treatises by several different masters in the tradition, and it is currently thought to have been composed in the early 16th century[4] (putting it after the master's presumed lifetime). Regardless, the fact that he authored one of the few glosses of the Recital makes Ringeck one of the most important masters of the Liechtenauer tradition.

While it was not duplicated nearly as often as the more famous gloss of Pseudo-Peter von Danzig, Ringeck's work nevertheless seems to have had a lasting influence. Not only was it reproduced by Joachim Meÿer in his final manuscript (left unfinished at his death in 1571), but in 1539 Hans Medel von Salzburg took it upon himself to create an update and revision of Ringeck's Bloßfechten gloss, integrating his own commentary in many places.

Stemma

Ringeck's writings seem to be based on the gloss of the anonymous author known as pseudo-Peter von Danzig, which is attested from the 1450s; it is also possible that pseudo-Danzig was Ringeck and the gloss attributed to Ringeck is simply the only branch of the larger stemma that retained its attribution (though that can't be demonstrated with existing information). Compared to the pseudo-Danzig gloss, Ringeck's descriptions are often slightly shorter and contain fewer variations; Ringeck does, however, include a number of unique plays not discussed in the other. Unlike the 15th century versions of pseudo-Danzig, Ringeck's long sword gloss was probably extensively illustrated: both the MS E.1939.65.341 (Glasgow) and MS Var.82 (Rostock) constantly refer readers to these illustrations, and it appears that the MS Dresd.C.487 (Dresden)'s scribe attempted to remove all such references (one remains intact,[5] one merely dropped the word "pictured",[6] and one was inexplicably replaced by the word "gloss"[7]).

Stemma codicum for Ringeck

The earliest extant version of Ringeck's gloss (apart from the segments that are identical with the pseudo-Danzig) consists of just seven paragraphs added by Hans von Speyer as addenda to certain sections of the pseudo-Danzig gloss in his 1491 manuscript MS M.I.29 (Salzburg).[8] An eighth paragraph was integrated by Speyer into pseudo-Danzig's introduction to the Krumphaw, so that Ringeck's explanation of how to use the Krump as a counter-cut balances pseudo-Danzig's explanation of how to use it to break the guard Ochs.

The early 16th century saw three significant versions created, two including substantial portions of the text. Dresden, which has been by far the subject of the most previous research, has been dated by watermark analysis to 1504-19,[4] and thus was likely created in or shortly after that time-frame. It is the most extensive version of Ringeck's work, but unfortunately it also seems to be a hasty, error-ridden copy with frequent deletions, insertions, spelling errors, word confusion, and critical omissions (including key words like subjects and verbs, and even whole lines of verse); the majority of paragraphs also seem to have been shortened or truncated, most references to Ringeck's illustrations have been dropped (as detailed above), and the text stops abruptly in the middle of gloss of the mounted fencing verses.

The 1508[9] Gasgow, in contrast, is written in a clear and tidy hand and its long sword gloss includes 31 painted, if somewhat low-grade, illustrations (presumably copies of the originals). Its text is generally longer than equivalent passages in the Dresden, including additional information and variations, but it appears to be incomplete in its present form: the first 39 paragraphs of the Dreden's long sword gloss have no equivalent in the extant manuscript, which begins in the middle of the Twerhaw.

The third version from this period is another fragment, published by Freifechter Andre Paurñfeyndt in 1516 as part of his treatise Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey ("Foundation of the Chivalric Art of Swordplay")[10] and containing only the material on fencing from low guards; in characteristic fashion, Paurñfeyndt does not attribute this material to Ringeck. The section is illustrated by the same crude woodblock art as the rest of his book, though their connection to Ringeck's original text is doubtful. (Paurñfeyndt's text would be reprinted by Christian Egenolff four times between the 1530s and 1558,[11] transcribed by Lienhart Sollinger into the Cod. I.6.2º.2 in 1564,[12] and translated to Walloon and printed by Willem Vorsterman in 1538.[13])

The remaining two versions of Ringeck's text come from later in the 16th century. In 1553, Paulus Hector Mair produced the Reichstadt Nr. 82 (Augsburg) based on the papers of the late master Antonius Rast.[14] Included in this manuscript was a version of the pseudo-Danzig long sword gloss that was largely complete up to couplet 95 of the Recital where, with no explanation, it switches over to Ringeck's gloss for the remainder of the text (speculatively, perhaps the rest of Rast's copy of Ringeck was not among the papers Mair purchased and so he attempted to fill the gap using the copy of pseudo-Danzig that he owned).

The final version, Rostock, was created by Freifechter Joachim Meÿer between 1563 and his death in 1571 and is the third substantial version (along with Dresden and Glasgow). It contains nearly all of Ringeck's presumed gloss of the short sword verses, but only an abbreviated (thought still extensive) version of the long sword gloss. Rostock's long sword gloss only includes key passages and omits most of the follow-on plays to each of the Haupstucke, and also omits the entire section on fencing from the low guards; like Glasgow it directs readers to consult Ringeck's illustrations, but unlike Glasgow these illustrations were never added to the manuscript (nor was room left for them).

All six extant versions of Ringeck's gloss are thus fragmentary, but enough text remains in each to demonstrate a lack of interdependence (apart from Augsburg, which could conceivably derive from Glasgow if the scribe were particularly careless). Each of the other five manuscripts has a unique constellation of plays which can be authenticated from other versions, but do not match any other single version to have been copied from it. All appear therefore to proceed separately from the lost original, unless we suppose that someone gathered up multiple copies to compile a new one (but even that supposition could only account for Rostock, not the others).

Due to the fragmentary nature of the stemma at the moment and the lack of anything resembling an autograph or archetype, for the long sword translation below all versions were treated as co-authoritative: whenever feasible the longest sample was given preference, and the differences between versions detailed in the footnotes.

(A final text of interest is the 1539 treatise of Hans Medel von Salzburg,[15] which was acquired by Mair and bound into the Cod. I.6.2º.5 after 1566.[16] Medel demonstrates familiarity with the teachings of a variety of 15th century Liechtenauer masters, including pseudo-Danzig and Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt, but his writings primarily take the form of a revision and expansion of Ringeck's long sword gloss. While enough of Ringeck's original text survives Medel's editing that it too can be shown to not derive from any other surviving manuscript, the amount of unique and altered content is such that it will not be referenced in the translation below.)

Treatise

Temporary division

Temporary division

Additional Resources

  • Lindholm, David and Svard, Peter. Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Art of the Longsword. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2003. ISBN 978-1-58160-410-8
  • Lindholm, David and Svard, Peter. Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Arts of Combat: Sword-and-Buckler Fighting, Wrestling, and Fighting in Armor. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2006. ISBN 978-1-58160-499-3
  • Tobler, Christian Henry. Secrets of German Medieval Swordsmanship. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2001. ISBN 1-891448-07-2
  • Żabiński, Grzegorz. The Longsword Teachings of Master Liechtenauer. The Early Sixteenth Century Swordsmanship Comments in the "Goliath" Manuscript. Poland: Adam Marshall, 2010. ISBN 978-83-7611-662-4

References

  1. Jens P. Kleinau. "Schirrmeister, Schermeister, Schirmmeister". Hans Talhoffer ~ A Historical Martial Arts blog by Jens P. Kleinau], 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  2. The Society of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. For a different perspective, see Christian Henry Tobler. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Werner J. Hoffmann. "Mscr.Dresd.C.487: Siegmund am Ringeck, Fechtlehre". Tiefenerschließung und Digitalisierung der deutschsprachigen mittelalterlichen Handschriften der Sächsischen Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (SLUB) Dresden. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  5. Dresden fol. 31r.
  6. Dresden fol. 20r.
  7. Dresden fol. 27r.
  8. MS M.I.29 is signed and internally dated on folio 158r.
  9. MS E.1939.65.341 is internally dated on folio 22r.
  10. Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey is internally dated on page K4r.
  11. The first three printings of Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche Kunst are undated, but the first edition must have been printed between 1531, when Egenolff set up his shop in Frankfurt-am-Main, and Hans Weiditz' death in 1537. The second and third editions were released some time before Egenolff's own death in 1555; in 1558, Egenolff's heirs published a fourth edition, dated on page XLVIIv of the fourth edition.
  12. The material in Cod. I.6.2º.2 based on Paurñfeyndt is internally dated on folio 71r
  13. La noble science des ioueurs d'espee is internally dated on page 35v.
  14. The origin of Reichstadt Nr. 82 is detailed on folio IIr.
  15. Medel's section of the Cod. I.6.2º.5 is internally dated on folio 21r.
  16. The record of the Marxbrüder in the manuscript ends on folio 20r with the year 1566, so Mair couldn't have acquired it before then.
  17. 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 17.16 17.17 17.18 17.19 17.20 17.21 17.22 17.23 17.24 17.25 17.26 17.27 17.28 17.29 17.30 17.31 17.32 17.33 17.34 17.35 17.36 17.37 17.38 17.39 17.40 17.41 17.42 17.43 17.44 17.45 17.46 17.47 17.48 17.49 17.50 17.51 17.52 17.53 17.54 17.55 17.56 17.57 17.58 17.59 17.60 17.61 Word omitted from the Dresden.
  18. "Known as" omitted from the Dresden.
  19. D. schirmaiste~, R. schiermeister.
  20. Count Palatine
  21. Duke
  22. "and pictured" omitted from the Dresden.
  23. Corrected from »am«.
  24. 24.0 24.1 24.2 Line omitted from the Dresden.
  25. darhauen: To chop down, to fell.
  26. Lit: cut the cuts.
  27. D. Zeck: Tick; R. Zeckruhr: Insect bites.
  28. Possibly "strongly desire to execute".
  29. 29.0 29.1 "Note, this is" omitted from the Dresden.
  30. "You shall" omitted from the Rostock.
  31. Lit: "Before the moment he comes with his to you".
  32. wiederhalten: lit. "hold against"; to withstand, resist.
  33. Alternately: weapons.
  34. D. Wer dz wäre: "Whoever defends these".
  35. Alternately: avow, legally promise.
  36. Possibly "wages".
  37. Lit: "cut other cuts".
  38. "In the same five cuts" omitted from the Rostock.
  39. ober is an adjective, oben is an adverb.
  40. R. "the".
  41. 41.00 41.01 41.02 41.03 41.04 41.05 41.06 41.07 41.08 41.09 41.10 41.11 41.12 41.13 41.14 41.15 41.16 41.17 41.18 41.19 41.20 41.21 41.22 41.23 41.24 41.25 41.26 41.27 41.28 41.29 41.30 41.31 41.32 41.33 41.34 41.35 41.36 41.37 41.38 41.39 41.40 41.41 41.42 41.43 41.44 41.45 Clause omitted from the Dresden.
  42. 42.0 42.1 "This is" omitted from the Dresden.
  43. abrucken: "removere" (remove), "absetzen" (set-aside).
  44. D. wider[sic]: "again".
  45. 45.0 45.1 45.2 45.3 45.4 45.5 D. "the".
  46. D. bind: "bind-in".
  47. R. Jun ger [sic].
  48. R. dem krieg: "the war".
  49. D. hurten: "to rush".
  50. "the cut, or thrust, or slice" omitted from the Dresden.
  51. "nor thrust… slice" omitted from the Rostock.
  52. 52.0 52.1 52.2 52.3 52.4 Sentence omitted from the Rostock.
  53. 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.5 53.6 53.7 53.8 Word omitted from the Rostock.
  54. Alternately: ponder, weigh, calculate, estimate, consider.
  55. Alternately: avenge, take full legal retribution.
  56. Alternately: straight, upright, properly.
  57. D. schüczen, R. behuetẽ.
  58. Rostock cuts off at this point and picks up in the middle of the sixth subsequent play, probably indicating a missing page.
  59. Alternately: part, piece.
  60. aufkrummen: Lat. sursum torquere, twist, turn or bend up; twist, turn, bend, or cast back; avert, deflect .
  61. 61.0 61.1 61.2 61.3 Word omitted from the Salzburg.
  62. Sic, lit. "your".
  63. "the opening" omitted from the Salzburg.
  64. S. "the over- or under-cut".
  65. Possibly "it".
  66. S. vß gestreckten: "outstretched".
  67. Sentence omitted from the Salzburg; instead, it nonsensically concludes with the final few lines of the pPvD gloss: wol vff die rechte~ site~ vnd schlag in mit der langen schnide~ vß gekrutzten armen vber sin hende ~, "well on your right side and strike-in with the long edge from crossed arms over his hands".
  68. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 18v-19r
  69. Likely a scribal error here, omitting a verb.
  70. Rostock begins again at this point.
  71. "Cut" omitted from the Dresden.
  72. D. "above"
  73. S. "so".
  74. "When you… well, and" omitted from the Rostock and the Salzburg.
  75. Clause omitted from the Dresden; this seems to be an abbreviated explanation of the previous play, which is skipped entirely in the Rostock.
  76. R., S. "the crooked-cut".
  77. D. "you".
  78. R., S. "to".
  79. D. "Gloss"; clause omitted from the Salzburg.
  80. S. "guard himself".
  81. "Komp" added below the line in a different hand.
  82. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 20v-21r
  83. "Stand with… shoulder, and" omitted from the Dresden.
  84. D. "thwart".
  85. 85.0 85.1 Alternately, wiederhalten: to struggle or resist.
  86. Word omitted from the Glasgow, the Rostock, and the Salzburg.
  87. "Or otherwise" omitted from the Salzburg.
  88. "-cut" omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Rostock.
  89. Clause omitted from the Dresden; struck out in the Rostock.
  90. 90.0 90.1 Clause omitted from the Dresden and the Rostock.
  91. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 21v
  92. R. "wind".
  93. "with the over-cut" omitted from the Glasgow.
  94. R. unternn: "lower".
  95. "Next to" omitted from the Rostock.
  96. Glasgow adds albeg: "always, continually".
  97. Or "connects"; alternately: rouses, stirs (ostensibly your opponent).
  98. "This is" omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.
  99. "Will strike" omitted from the Dresden.
  100. G. twerhaw: "thwart-cut".
  101. R. "wind".
  102. "Or left" omitted from the Glasgow.
  103. Everything from "and steal away" to the end of the sentence is omitted from the Dresden.
  104. Alternately: to turn around.
  105. "And strike in" omitted from the Dresden.
  106. D. "is".
  107. "With that… arms and" omitted from the Dresden.
  108. 108.0 108.1 D. "right".
  109. D. mit auß: "with from".
  110. As a thief would break into a house.
  111. 111.0 111.1 111.2 111.3 Word omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.
  112. Word is doubled in the Glasgow.
  113. annehmen: receive, accept, take up, assume, claim, obtain, etc.
  114. "Into the weak of his sword" omitted from the Rostock
  115. "Upright, elevated, straight, at a right angle"; Glasgow gives auff gerackten, which may be a misspelling of pPvD's aus gestrackten, "out-stretched".
  116. "With up-right arms" omitted from the Rostock.
  117. "And strike… right shoulder" omitted from the Rostock.
  118. 118.0 118.1 118.2 Clause omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  119. R. "pictured here".
  120. 120.00 120.01 120.02 120.03 120.04 120.05 120.06 120.07 120.08 120.09 120.10 120.11 120.12 120.13 120.14 120.15 120.16 120.17 120.18 120.19 120.20 120.21 120.22 120.23 120.24 120.25 120.26 120.27 120.28 Word omitted from the Glasgow.
  121. Corrected from »seiner«.
  122. S. bestetigstu: "to plant".
  123. G. abent: "evening", clearly an error; Medel: anwinden: "winding-upon".
  124. 124.00 124.01 124.02 124.03 124.04 124.05 124.06 124.07 124.08 124.09 124.10 Word omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  125. "To his point" omitted from the Rostock.
  126. "To his point" omitted from the Glasgow.
  127. R. includes couplet 64 with this gloss.
  128. R. denn Schaytler: "the parter".
  129. 129.0 129.1 129.2 129.3 Clause omitted from the Rostock.
  130. D. der lange: "long, high, tall, or lofty".
  131. "To his head" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  132. "If he parries" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  133. einhangen: to adhere, stick to, cleave to, hold on to, engage deeply.
  134. "With the long… and thrust him" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  135. Kehr has two etymologies: one is "to turn", the other is "to sweep away" or to "carry off"; the gloss supports the first derivation.
  136. Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.
  137. R. includes this couplet with the previous gloss.
  138. G., R., S. "Item".
  139. D. "hang-in"; "strike-in and" omitted.
  140. "the point" omitted from the Salzburg".
  141. Word omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.
  142. D., G., R. "you".
  143. D., G., S. "the".
  144. "In the parrying" omitted from the Salzburg and the Rostock.
  145. "Of the parter" omitted from the Dresden, the Rostock, and the Salzburg.
  146. S. fast vber sich: "firmly upward".
  147. Clause omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Salzburg.
  148. "His hands" omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Salzburg.
  149. R. "here".
  150. 150.0 150.1 Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 28v
  151. Rostock combines the glosses for couplets 65-67 into a single paragraph; they have been separated here according to their presentation in Dresden and Glasgow.
  152. D., G. Schon, lit. "already", "yet".
  153. D. stuch, R. stich: "press the thrust".
  154. Word omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Salzburg.
  155. 155.0 155.1 Clause omitted from the Dresden, the Rostock, and the Salzburg.
  156. S. "well broken".
  157. "From the under-slice" omitted from the Salzburg.
  158. "And wind your sword… withdraw yourself" omitted from the Rostock.
  159. imperative of fliehen.
  160. "Note, this" omitted from the Dresden.
  161. "Will be" omitted from the Glasgow.
  162. 162.0 162.1 162.2 162.3 "Is called" omitted from the Dresden
  163. "with the hilt" omitted from the Dresden.
  164. G. auß gestrackten: "upstretched".
  165. "It all" omitted from the Dresden.
  166. "In this book" omitted from the Glasgow.
  167. G. "Guard yourself parrying crossed in front".
  168. D. instead continues "that the four parryings, they are the four cuts".
  169. Setzen", possibly a shortening of versetzen, "parries".
  170. D. "oxen".
  171. S. Item
  172. R. "This is when one parries your over-cut"; S. "If your over-cut is parried and it comes nearing upon him".
  173. D. "in front of".
  174. G., S. versetzte: "parried".
  175. Word omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Rostock.
  176. 176.0 176.1 Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 31r
  177. "And wrench… his below" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  178. "The head" omitted from the Salzburg.
  179. 179.0 179.1 Clause omitted from the Dresden and the Salzburg.
  180. S. "also".
  181. G. mit dem schwert: "with the sword".
  182. D. "grasp with the sword".
  183. G. magst: "may".
  184. 184.0 184.1 184.2 G. "the".
  185. Alternately: defense.
  186. "A strike" omitted from the Dresden.
  187. "And hit him" omitted from the Rostock.
  188. 188.0 188.1 "The moment" omitted from the Dresden.
  189. D. wieder-kommen: to meet, to encounter, to run into".
  190. "Or fall… from you" omitted from the Rostock.
  191. Corrected from »dem«.
  192. Line omitted from the Rostock.
  193. R. "or".
  194. "If he then" omitted from the Rostock".
  195. D. haw: "cut".
  196. geim: "watchfully, to observe, cautiously, with foresight".
  197. Word omitted from the Glasgow and the Salzburg.
  198. S. "the feeling work thusly".
  199. "You come… onset and" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  200. S. "soft or hard".
  201. S. "feeling".
  202. "To the nearest opening" omitted from the Salzburg.
  203. D., G. gewar, S. ÿnnen.
  204. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 33v
  205. Word omitted from the Dresden and the Salzburg.
  206. mitmachen: "join, unite, combine, participate".
  207. D. blitzscht: "flashes".
  208. D. "Item".
  209. G. "note".
  210. Schier has the sense of approaching quickly and closely.
  211. Zucken has the connotation of pulling something hard or quickly, like yanking or snatching; there is an essence of agitation in the pull.
  212. "On the sword" omitted from the Dresden.
  213. Beginning of sentence in Glasgow reads "and work swiftly with the doubling.
  214. D. "(and with other plays)".
  215. 215.0 215.1 Sentence omitted from the Dresden.
  216. 216.0 216.1 R. "hang down behind you".
  217. G. "next to this".
  218. R. "when in the running-in he also drives-up with the arms".
  219. Word omitted from the Dresden and the Rostock.
  220. Corrected from »dim«.
  221. Line omitted from the Glasgow.
  222. D. "left hand inverted".
  223. 223.0 223.1 D. "your".
  224. "With an inverted hand" omitted from the Dresden.
  225. 225.0 225.1 G. "his".
  226. "Thus you" omitted from the Glasgow.
  227. Corrected from »rechtem«.
  228. Corrected from »sinem«.
  229. D. "One other wrestling at the sword".
  230. 230.0 230.1 230.2 230.3 Clause omitted from the Glasgow.
  231. Sentence omitted from the Glasgow.
  232. D. "A sword taking".
  233. Read: "attacks".
  234. "With strength" omitted from the Glasgow.
  235. 235.0 235.1 G. far: "drive".
  236. D. "Yet another slice".
  237. "He then" omitted from the Dresden.
  238. "And press… pictured here" omitted from the Dresden.
  239. G. "your".
  240. "With that" omitted from the Dresden.
  241. "With the slice" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  242. Clause omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  243. Remainder of fragments from Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82), ff 13r-14v
  244. "With him" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  245. "Or test" omitted from the Dresden.
  246. Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.
  247. sach: thing, or disagreement, contention, dispute, or the thing underlying the disagreement, contention or dispute.
  248. 248.0 248.1 248.2 248.3 248.4 248.5 248.6 Word omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  249. A. "and".
  250. 250.0 250.1 250.2 250.3 250.4 250.5 Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.
  251. The word »es« is almost illegible.
  252. 252.0 252.1 252.2 252.3 252.4 252.5 Word omitted from the Augsburg.
  253. nachbinden: "attach to the end or behind something".
  254. "With the long edge" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  255. "From the sword" omitted from the Dresden.
  256. "With the point" omitted from the Dresden.
  257. D. "or"; word omitted from the Augsburg.
  258. abziechen.
  259. D. Mörck Ee: "Note, before".
  260. "Too closely" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  261. "When he… the sword" omitted from the Dresden.
  262. A., D. "the".
  263. D. "cuts from above to below".
  264. Corrected from »ausgerattñ«.
  265. D. "to the other side to the opening".
  266. "Your sword" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  267. Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  268. "Art of" omitted from the Dresden.
  269. A., D. "shortened for you to understand".
  270. "Quite well" omitted from the Augsburg.
  271. Dresden reverses these.
  272. "Also so that… play" omitted from the Dresden.
  273. wägen: "to have weight, to lay on a scale, to estimate"; it has a bunch of other senses that are provocative to the action at hand, such as: "to poise, balance, to stir up or agitate, to incite a response", but there's not enough in the text to make it a defensible choice.
  274. "And properly estimate" omitted from the Dresden.
  275. "The sword" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  276. D. "understand".
  277. "With strength" omitted from the Dresden.
  278. "And thrust" omitted from the Dresden.
  279. "Of the" omitted from the Glasgow.
  280. "-In the point above" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  281. A. "over-windings-upon".
  282. A. "and".
  283. D. "and"; omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  284. "And shall" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  285. "You step towards" omitted from the Dresden.
  286. D. "wounder".
  287. D. nebenhůtten: "side-guard"; G. Eysenen pfort, "iron-gate"; P. uses both interchangeably in this section.
  288. streichn.
  289. D. "Here note to fence from the side-guards, that is, also the sweeps"; P. "Play in the sweeping-upon".
  290. wiewohl.
  291. G. "Item. Know that one shall execute the sweeps from the iron-gate from the left side because it is not as certain from the right."
  292. 292.00 292.01 292.02 292.03 292.04 292.05 292.06 292.07 292.08 292.09 292.10 292.11 292.12 292.13 292.14 292.15 292.16 Word omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  293. Clause omitted from the Dresden and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  294. P. "from his right shoulder".
  295. wiederhalten: lit. "hold against"; "to withstand, resist".
  296. einduplieren.
  297. 297.0 297.1 P. "ear".
  298. "As before" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  299. "-Around quickly" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  300. "The man and the sword" replaced by "his" in Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  301. "And low with the hands" omitted from the Glasgow.
  302. "-in straight" omitted from the Dresden and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  303. "At hand" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  304. "To your left side" omitted from the Glasgow.
  305. "Off from the sword and strike" omitted from the Dresden.
  306. D. haüpt, G. kopf.
  307. "You lay… guard, or" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  308. stoß; this could either be to stab him or hit him.
  309. "Him under his sword" omitted from the Dresden and Glasgow.
  310. Word omitted from the Dresden and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  311. P. farñ: "drive".
  312. "Side of" omitted from the Dresden and Glasgow.
  313. "Behind his neck" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  314. Marginalia: The word schrit ("a step") appears over the word "sword" in the Dresden, and schret ("a step or make a step") appears under.
  315. obenauf.
  316. D. "opposite".
  317. "As before (to all sides)" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  318. 318.0 318.1 Word omitted from the Glasgow and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  319. "In front" omitted from the Dresden.
  320. Alternately: "parrying(s)".
  321. næhe: "a boat without mast nor deck".
  322. Corrected from »dem«.
  323. Corrected from »dim«.
  324. P. "side-guard".
  325. "And from… stands forward" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  326. Sentence omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  327. P. "side-guard".
  328. See næhe above. It is not "the nach" (after) because nach is neuter and would be das nach. G. also writes die neche.
  329. "With that" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  330. P. "convenient".
  331. P. "then escape afterwards".
  332. "Bind on" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  333. 333.0 333.1 333.2 Clause omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  334. "To the other side" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  335. P. "So thwart in before to his neck".
  336. P. "From the wrath-cut".
  337. "Fence someone and if [you]" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  338. "With the wrath-cut or otherwise" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  339. P. "arms".
  340. D., G. "will take".
  341. Sic, lit. "you".
  342. "And move… his head" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  343. Corrected from »dinem«.
  344. Corrected from »sein«.
  345. Corrected from »seinem«.
  346. The rest vanishes in the binding.
  347. Corrected from »geradt«.
  348. The text ends here abruptly, in the middle of a play. Since the page isn't full, it's unclear why the scribe stopped at this point. The subsequent folia come from earlier in the manuscript; they were removed and then added back in at the end.