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User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English only
01v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 01v
✅¶ I, the Lynx, defeat all things born under the heavens by means of [my] discerning eyes,
I like trying to measure everything
✅Prudence
✅¶ I am swift in the course and I would turn in sudden circles,[1]
and lightning bolts[2] don't overtake me, the Running Tiger.
✅Swiftness
✅¶ I, Audacity, am the strong peak of quadrupeds
due to my nature. They are likewise under the pole star. now it conquers
and overcomes the lion of the heart. Therefore we call everyone to arms
✅Audacity
✅Behold! We are the four great distinguished animals [...] hereafter
whose powerful nature advises[3] ... in arms,
which seeks to be illustrious and indeed shining with honesty.
✅You all [would] proclaim that whoever would comprehend the lessons,
[that one] perceives them [the lessons] to be affixed in our hearts. Thence
that very skilled one will be among friends of arms.[4]
✅The position[5] of women on the right
The position of ladies on the left
✅The position of windows on the right
The position of windows on the left
✅The long position
The short position
✅The whole iron gate
The middle iron gate
The tusk of the boar
Fortitude
02r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 02r
✅Now I carry the spear, moving quickly underneath in the manner of the boar's tusk.
And in order that I be able to cause [yours][6] to diverge, I will penetrate the innermost parts.
✅¶ Lo, I come, holding back my javelin at the womanly breast.
I don't fear touching the ground due to my flexible knees.
And I would strike, having marked [you] black and blue[7], then your lance will lose [the fight]
02v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 02v
✅¶ The royal, womanly form is proper. And this spirit,
hitting and raging against you with the tip, sends [you] to the shadows.
If the gods in heaven should favor this method.
✅¶ Drawing [my] limbs simultaneously inward, I, the Harsh One, grip the javelin
in the middle. You will have been delayed in breaking through [my guard].
In the end, your horse will depart having been struck with deadly wounds.
03r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 03r
✅¶ Straightforward in opposition, I cause you great pains.
The one fleeing is unable to defend his own body.[8]
✅¶ That method of carrying surely moves the sword to four plays.
And I strike you straight on with the [sharp] point.
And the arm cuts the openings with a cut.
And being deprived of your sword, you will again obviously depart from your seat.[9]
That method rarely disappoints a person.
03v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 03v
✅¶ I pierce the exposed neck with the point of my sword,
Because the third master thoroughly taught me using a rule.
✅¶ Fighting to wound the neck with a terrifying wound.[10]
The first master, on guard in the sword, truly teaches me this.
04r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 04r
✅¶ You, shamefaced on account of this, will perhaps abandon your sword,
or, having been struck down, you will lie on the ground with nothing to prevent it.
✅¶ It is convenient that you thump the ground while your chest is trampled[11].
Afterwards, I will be able to try whatever I want concerning you.
04v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 04v
✅¶ I now protect myself with a cut and a strong point.
And I strike the face with the sword hilt, so that my own sword would not be grasped
in these circumstances. Nor would I have been thrown to the farthest ground.[12]
✅¶ I will throw you and your horse; prevented by no one,
The chest [of my horse] will rest at the haunches of your whinnying horse
I will not release the ringing reins of your quadruped
until you precipitously strike the muddy ground with the crown of your head.
This best deception indeed prevails against [an] armored [person], Since[13]
they do not begin to fear that anyone is able to injure them with weapons[14].
05r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 05r
✅¶ I maintain this grasp on your helmet, since you are turning your back.
I would send you to the ground and afterwards your chest will have been run [over].
¶ In the same way you would pound the earth with my trampled body,
it is the work. The countering actions create this. Evil
you have still desired to attempt this same thing on me of all people.[15]
As an alternate reading:
In order that you would pound the earth with my trampled body, the work/action, which the countering actions carry out, is the same, that you, the Envious One, have still desired to attempt against me of all people.
05v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 05v
✅¶ Lifting by the leg and also by the stirrup[16], this, my strong right [hand],
will turn you to the farthest [ground], there will not be anyone who would make [my] limb <arm> feeble.
✅¶ Observe how I hold your neck with my strong upper arm
With these actions, you have vainly tried to scatter the Weaponless One
to the ground in this way. But the counters conquer you.[17]
06r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 06r
✅¶ If Roland and cruel Pulicanus had attacked me, a footman,
with spears made of ash, I would have delayed for the purpose of observation,
and the unruly right hand would hold either a javelin or a club,
and, having caused the spears to rebound, I strike more furiously.
By this action, I would pull back[18] the lofty heads of those who oppress[19] as soon as possible.
✅¶ The lance now cuts your ill-omened head with great wounds,
and it moves me out of the guard of the arrogant master.
06v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 06v
✅¶ I, the Clever One, thrust through the lips with the harsh strike,
anticipating the renewal of the wound using a heavy point.
✅¶ Accustomed to shifting, to move back and forth with the extended spear point: yet,
I now linger with the short javelin[20] in all respects.
07r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 07r
✅¶ My spear is probably shorter, yet you will die,
having been pierced. It pleases me for you to throw first, and
then not flee. Tearful prizes await you, the Ill-Omened One.
✅¶ Now, while your javelin is entering, my spear will repel it.
And I would burst into your chest with a great wound.
07v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 07v
✅¶ They[21] throw this particular [attack] of the previous three masters[22] to strike back.
And this is the method to run a person through with a javelin to the chest
or face, and you previously bruised the visage with blood.
✅ ¶ You do not harm me much, in contrast, I mix it up against
you, the Resisting One, and I move close while knocking in [your] teeth.
08r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 08r
✅¶ In like manner, I delay you with steadfast dagger and staff,
and while the staff provides covering for me, that dagger
strikes the chest. Yet whatever I finish with the staff,
the sword[23] shall accomplish. We can make
much better use of this play by moving the quick shoulders.
✅ ¶ I tarry here with you with two sticks and at the same time a dagger.
And I throw the first. And I will hold the remaining
covering the limbs with it. At the same time we will both of us move close together.
From here, I quickly strike you, but your chest is opened by the dagger.
08v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 08v
✅¶ This, which the master now says in his description, I am occupied with bringing about.
and I fix this dagger below your own chest
✅¶ A Javelin having been constrained by hands, lo! I am called the short position
Among mortals. And if the spear point should attempt to deceive,
I shall, as luck would have it, mislead you, the Man. If Jupiter were to aid me.
✅ ¶ Behold, I am a strong position. And I am called the cross. Neither does any
strike bother me. And neither the point of the triple-pointed [pollaxe] at any time.
09r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 09r
✅ ¶ Behold, I, the position of the woman, am pure of faith.
and by doubling the strike, I carry out the fatal strikes.
✅ ¶ I, the boar's tusk, am strong, frightful, and bold
I have no respect at all for the hit of anyone's axe; neither do we admit the possibility.
✅ ¶ Your triple-pointed [pollaxe] has truly been thrown down into the ground.
But mine will strike [your] visage with a wilting wound.
09v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 09v
✅¶ And now I have burst out from the tusk of the boar ready to go using [my] own triple-point
And I have struck those strongest parts of [your] visage.[24]
✅¶ Behold, I overwhelm your visage using a strong hand, and you <yourself> feel that
and now my sacred triple-pointed [pollaxe] extracts [your] teeth.
10r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 10r
✅ ¶ Perhaps I would make a rotation using this taking.
From there, your [weapon] is lost, afterwards, my triple-pointed [pollaxe] hits you in the forehead.
If the fates are willing for the strong to survive.
✅¶ Whether the wild sword is thrown as a javelin, or the second [opponent] prepares
to cut [me] to pieces, that one [the third] as yet only seeks me with the point,
this guard shows that I, with a mocking laugh, am not afraid now.[25]
10v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 10v
✅¶ Taking a step, I cover the limbs with my raging sword,[26]
From there, I will penetrate your chest with that [sword] without pause.
✅¶ And in order to strike you, the Ill-Omened One, again with my point now,
The left hand supports that sword with Strength.
11r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 11r
✅¶ In these circumstances, I have pierced your forehead with a bloody wound,
because I defend this infliction with a swift cover of myself.
✅¶ You would mock me with your voice and you will have to call me blind,
If your sword, which I have clearly caught by the hilt, does not drop to the ground[27].
Afterwards, you will have to[28] remain denuded [of your weapon].
11v
12r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 12r
✅¶ At present, I am carefully considering splitting the middle of [your] neck
with my edge[33]. Which is the reason [that] I turned this elbow back here.
✅ ¶ And with a hand, I turn the elbow in a circle. By turning in a circle
I make you bloody with my tip. I can't fail.
12v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 12v
✅¶ Each position and deceitful guard is called by a name
Both similar to another, and indeed opposite
Position [yourself][34] just as here, thus we grasp[35] the actions
✅¶ I am called the iron gate by all men, on a level with the ground.
I always redress any such strikes of the cutting [edge] and of the point.
✅¶ I am the bold, lofty position of the woman. high
and in whatever method I defend the limbs from rage[36]
✅¶ Here I am certainly the regal position of the "true window"
and I always acknowledge myself as swift in the famous art.
✅¶ I am the strong iron, and I am called the middle Door.
And I bestow heavy strikes and I seek death with the point.
13r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 13r
✅¶ I remain a short sword, and yet here I am called the Long
position, most often cleaving the neck due to my natural inclination.
✅ ¶ I am called the position of the Browband[37], that is the famous Crown.
Neither do I spare anyone, cutting and breaking with the point
✅¶ I am the position of the Woman opposite the Boar's Tusk,
pregnant[38] with obstacles, with a heart full of cunning toward many.
✅¶ I am the position of the bold Boar and unnatural in bodily strength,
I am well-known for splitting open the strength in every guard
13v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 13v
✅ ¶ I am the short stance here. And I move the sword back [to its original position].
I often threaten with the point. Yet I thenceforth return back to that place.
✅¶ I am called the left position itself and the True window.
Thus swift on the right side just as I am naturally here on the left.
✅¶ Behold, I, the tailed position, am pulled forward on the ground. I very often carry out
a strike in front or behind, while [your] strike is passing through
✅¶ I myself am certainly named by all the two-horned position.
However deceptively you ought to attack, now I will be as cunning towards you.
14r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 14r
✅¶ I hold the sword [spata] pressed together with the point in a cross.
Immediately after, from the other side I oppress the chest with the point.
✅¶ Now, having previously listened to the lecture of my master,
The violent tip of the sword approaches the juicy throat.
14v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 14v
¶ I, the Clever One, currently holding the sword in the middle of the sword,
as in a cross; I will certainly hit your left shoulder
This time might be exceedingly short: although [something] having been tested [something] by so much.
✅¶ I strike a bargain with you[39] just as that earlier master told before.
Whoever restrains the tip with the cross can deceive with it.[40]
15r
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 15r
✅¶ If, in the swordplay, we suddenly turn our sword,
Thus we are strong to harm the head using the hands in the swordplay.
✅¶ Although you hold me in your hands, something was trodden underfoot. By
rending with this point, I will hit your dripping face.
15v
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 15v
✅¶ While fighting in the shape of a cross, we now linger here.
The one knowing more always has Victorious plays.
✅¶ Suddenly your wicked hand drags a point
to the ground. From here I would strike you with a high wound without pause.
16r
- ¶ Colla super teneo mucronem. sentis et istud.
Nunc mortis patieris opus. nec fata negabunt.
- ¶ Dexteriore tui cadet ensis parte / sinistra
Si me voluo celer / sed strictis artubus ante.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 16r
✅¶ I hold the tip at your neck. And you feel that.
You will now suffer the work of death. And the fates will not deny [it].
✅¶ Your sword will fall on the rightmost side, if
I turn myself to the left swiftly and also with my limbs drawn in tightly in front.[41]
|
You feel the sword that I have set at your neck |
|
|
If I turn myself close on your left side, |
[26a-c] Si io me volto streto dela parte riverssa |
16v
- ¶ Tu sentire potes. quam magno vulnere palmam[43]
Contuderim. capulo possem simul atque ferire.
- ¶ Hic ferio te nempe in manu / ut nexura sit inde
Conquisita mihi / qua grandia despicit arma.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 16v
✅¶ You can feel, how I have pulped the palm <that is, the hand> with great
wounds. And, at the same time, I could strike you with the hilt.
✅¶ In this circumstance, I strike you truly in the hand, so that the
snare, which is then sought out by me, disdains great armor.
|
I have wasted your hand, you can feel it well, |
[26a-d] La man t'o guasta, tu lo poii ben sentir |
|
Here I waste your hand by coming to a bind |
[26b-a] Aqui te guasto le man per vegner a'ligadura |
17r
- ¶ Doctus in arte mea resupino pectore vertam
In terram. dehinc te penetrabo cuspide mestum.
- ¶ Vel linques ensem proprium de parte sinistra.
In terram vel mestus eas. nec posse negabis.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 17r
✅¶ Learned in my art, I turn you into the ground, thrown over backwards
by your chest. henceforth I will penetrate you, the Ill-Omened One, using the point
🛠️¶ Either you will leave your own sword behind in the direction of the left hand,
or you, the Ill-Omened One, go into the ground.[44] You cannot refuse.
|
I send you to the ground with my hilt, |
[26b-b] Cum lo mantiner in terra io te mando |
|
Either you will lose the sword from your left hand, |
[26b-c] O dela man mancha tu lassara la spada |
17v
- ¶ Ense tuo tutum[45] facit hec[46] captura. fit ergo
Nempe meus[47] liber. tuus at sub carcere restat.
Efficit atque ensis ludum qui quartus habetur.[48]
Arte[49] bipennifera / facile ceu quisque videbit.
Atque tuum feriam letali vulnere pectus.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 17v
✅¶ This taking makes <me> safe from your sword. Therefore, it happens
that mine <that is, [my] sword> is truly free. But on the other hand, yours remains imprisoned.
And the sword brings about the play which is the fourth[50]
in the art of wielding the two-edged axe[51], as any can easily see.
✅¶ Using this lower snare, you will indeed depart prostrate.
and I will strike you (in) the chest with a lethal wound.
|
This catch makes me safe from your sword: |
[26b-d] Questa presa me fa seguro de tua spada |
| When I saw that I couldn't do anything with the sword, I quickly caught this wrestling catch, which I believe, and I see, and I feel that the armor will not be valuable to you, that I put you into the strong lower bind. In this which is placed after me, I will quickly show it to you. |
18r
Cuspide planitiem pono mea membra sub imam.
- ¶ Inque situ aspecto leopardi nempe serenum
Cesuras semper et cuspidis ima refrenans
Ludere discipulos veluti quandoque videbis.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 18r
✅¶ I am called the serpent, and also tall and high
with the point level, I place my limbs below it to the greatest extent.
✅¶ And in the position of the leopard, I truly gaze out serenely,
always restraining the deepest cuts of the point as well.
✅¶ You currently have faith in this cover to refute anyone at any time,
just as you will see whenever the students are playing.
|
I am the Serpent, the Sovereign; |
[25a-c] E son sonno serpentino Lo sovrano |
|
I am the stance called the True Cross |
[25a-b] Io son posta chiamata vera crose |
|
With this cover I believe that I can waste anyone, |
[25b-c] Per questa coverta crederia çaschun guastar |
18v
Atque alios faciam ludos si quando libebit.
Et pejora tibi faciam sibi mente sedebit.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 18v
✅¶ This last point emerges from the cover of the master
and I will make other plays, if only because it pleases me.
✅¶ You will depart, spread on the ground with the point of your sword[52],
and I will do worse to you if that remains in mind.
|
This thrust exits from the Master's cover, |
[25b-d] Dela coverta delo magistro ese questa punta |
|
You go to the ground because of the point of the sword, |
[26a-a] Tu va in terra per la punta dela spada |
19r
19v
- ¶ Sex sumus in factis armorum valde periti
Actus. Quos faciet quicumque magister in armis
Ensem seu dagam superabit et inde bipennem.
Serpentinus adhuc penetrando cuspide doctus.
- ¶ Sum situs, et dicor crux multis vera magistris.
Nec mihi cuspis obest, cesura nec ipsa nocebit.
Nam mea membra tego validis erectus in[53] armis
- ¶ Sum mediana quondem ferri stans condita porta.
Cuspide nec noceo nimis. At sum semper inanis[54].
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 19v
✅¶ We are six intensely skilled acts among the deeds of arms[,]
Which whoever is a master in arms executes
Thence they [the masters] will overcome sword or dagger and the double axe.
✅¶ I am the short position and I am referred to under the correct name
of serpentine, besides I am skilled in penetrating with the point
✅¶ I am the position and I am called the true cross by many masters.
Neither the point is hurtful to me, nor will the cut itself harm [me].[55]
✅¶ This [sword] tip will change the spiteful stance by penetrating.
On the other hand, when upright, I cover my limbs with strong armor.
✅¶ I am the middle, indeed, the gate standing firmly constructed of iron.
I do no little harm with the point. And I am always deceitful.
|
We are six guards for armored fencing, |
[25a-t] Noii semo sei guardie in fato de armiçar. |
|
I am the Shortened Stance, the Serpent, |
[25a-a] Io son posta breve la serpentina |
|
Of the Stance of the Cross, I am the Bastard, |
[25b-b] De posta de crose io son bastarda |
|
I am the Archer's Stance, the sentinel, |
[25b-a] Io son posta sagitaria la çentille |
|
In the Iron Gate, I am the Middle: |
[25a-d] In porta de fero io son la meçana |
20r
Hincque vides que daga contundere possum.
- ¶ Nil valuit tibi daga / cito tam terga coegi
Voluere./ nec vultum poteris mihi pandere tristem.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 20r
✅¶ This is well known in the text, the evidence being taught by the picture.
And you see that I can pound you to pieces with the dagger.
✅¶ You dagger is worth nothing: I quickly compel [you] to turn
[your] back so far that you cannot expose your sorrowful face to me.
|
The proof is found depicted here: |
[35a-b] La prova aqui se trova dipenta |
|
The sword has won against the dagger here, |
[35a-c] La spada qui cum la daga a'vinto |
20v
- ¶ Inijceret quicumque mihi sub(?)[56] vertice spatam /
Tecturam hanc facerem cubitum prendendo sinistra.
Atque manu propria ludentis terga rotarem.
Inde suos renes dagam penetrante ferirem.
- ¶ Optimus iste motus ludendi et cautus in arte.
Meque tegam feriamque simul nudando mucronem.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 20v
✅¶ If someone were to throw a sword [spata] below the crown of my head,
I would make this covering by catching the elbow with the left [hand].
And with my own hand, I rotate you to the back for the play.
Thence I will strike the dagger to penetrate your kidneys.
✅¶ Your best movement and caution in the art will have been played.
And I would cover myself[57], and I would simultaneously strike the tip at the opening.[58]
|
If someone were to attack me with a sword to my head, |
[35a-d] Si uno me trasese cum la spada per la'testa |
|
This is another odd match: |
[35b-d] Questo e un altro stranio partito |
21r
Cum manibus tollam cunctis gestantibus ipsam.
- Cum cunctos superem qui possunt bellica mecum
Pro manibus fractis ornatus porto lacertis.
Taliter ut dextram nequeant praetendere tutam /
Nunc letus claves manibus sic congero binas.
- Queris cur pedibus pessundo gloria tales
Cur luctando viros dico prosternere cuntos
Palma quidem nostra praetenditur sistere dextra.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 21r
For instance, I signify as safe, using the palm, thus I carry off the dagger.
Everything having been carried off in victory, I lift that same [dagger] with my hand.
When I conquer all the ones who can be warlike,
I, the Distinguished One, carry with me the broken hands in front [of me] by the arms.
I secure the confined arms from all warlike people in the region.
In this way they are unable to extend the right hand /
Now I thus joyfully collect pairs of keys in [my] hands
You ask why I, with glory, destroy such excellent ones under my feet.
because I assert I knock down all men by wrestling
Indeed the palm in our right hand is extended to stop [them].
Pisani-Dossi
For instance I sign the safe palm, thus I bring home the dagger.
Everything having been carried off in victory, I lift that same [dagger] with my hand.
When I overcome all the ones who can be warlike,
By Pollux, I carry arms decorated with broken hands with me
I secure the confined arms from all warlike people in the region.
In this way they are unable to extend the right hand /
Thus, I currently [and] joyfully collect pairs of keys in [my] hands
You ask why I, with glory, destroy such excellent ones under my feet.
because I assert I knock down all men by wrestling
Indeed our palm is extended to stop [their] right hand.
[6a-a] Nam palmam tutam signo sic refero dagam |
Why do I carry a dagger in my right hand? I carry it for my art, because I have deserved it well, because if anyone who attacks me with a dagger, I take it from their hand. And with that, I know well how to strike, because I know all the good [?] counters to finish. |
[10r-a] ¶ Per che io porto daga in mia mane dritta, io la porto per mia arte che lla o ben meritada, che zaschun che me trara di daga, io gle'la toro di mano. E cum quella lo savero ben ferire, pero che lo pro e'l contra del tutto so finire. |
[6a-b] Cum cuntos superem qui possunt bellica mecum |
With the broken arms that I carry, I want to say that my art (without wanting to lie) has broken and dislocated many in my life, and whoever wants to set himself against the art I want to make, I am always ready to want to use such art. |
[10r-b] ¶ Per gli brazzi rotti ch'io porto, io voglio dir mia arte, ch'e questa senza voler mentire, che assaii n'o rotti e dislogadi in mia vita, e chi contra mia arte se mettera voler fare, Tal arte sempre io son per voler usare. |
[6a-c] Brachia cumclaudas cuntis bellantibus orbe |
I am the master of opening and also of closing (that is, [enclosing] the arms of those who want to go against me). I will put them in great contention and suffering by means of the binds and breaks that are depicted. And thus, I carry a key to show that this art is well worthy of me. |
[10r-c] ¶ Io son magistro de avrire e anche di serare zoe gli brazi a chi contra mi vol fare, yo lo mettero in grande brige e stente per modo che le ligadure e rotture sono depente. E per zo porto le chiave per insegna, che tal arte ben m'e degna. |
[6a-d] Queris cur pedibus pessundo gloria talles |
You were asking me why I detain this man under my feet? Because I have positioned thousands in such a resolution through the art of wrestling. And in victory, I carry the palm in my right hand, because I will never cease in my wrestling. |
[10r-d] ¶ Me domandavoii per che io tegno questo homo sotto gli miei piedi, per che miglara n'o posti a tale partito per l'arte dello Abrazare. E per vittoria io porto la palma in la man destra pero che dello abrazare za mai non fo resta. |
21v
Cumque manu leva pretento tollere dagam.
- ¶ Circum nempe tuum dagam convolvo lacertum.
Nec perdens illam miserum te pectore tundam.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 21v
✅¶ I am called the Cautious One, that is, the first master of the dagger.
You lift with your hand and extended [arm][60] to take the dagger.
✅¶ To be sure, I twist my dagger around your shoulder.
Without losing that [dagger] I will beat you, the Wretched One, in the chest.
|
I am the First Master of the Dagger, full of guile, |
[6a-e] Magistro primo son de daga pieno de ingano |
|
If I make a turn around your arm with my dagger, |
[6a-f] Cum mia daga intorno tuo braço faro volta |
22r
- ¶ Hoc tua contrario tectura refellitur ecce
Et neque converse palme ludj / non atque priores
Proficient. tu deinde miser moriture recumbes.
Et faciam peiora tibi dehinc ipse[61] jacentj.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 22r
🛠️¶ Behold! Your covering is refuted by this opposing action
and neither inverted/reversed hands nor the previous plays
will be effective. Afterwards, you, the Wretched One, will lie down to die.
✅¶Indeed, I believe that you, the Treacherous One, will immediately touch so much ground today.
And after that, I myself[62] would do worse to you, who are lying prostrate.
|
[You won’t be able to make] the plays that came before, nor the plays from the backhand strikes [that follow], |
[7b-d] Ghi zoghi denançi, ne quilli de man riverssa |
|
Here I believe you go to the ground. |
[8b-c] Aqui va in terra ço me creço |
22v
Armiger hunc poterit securius addere ludum.
Ceu teneo. sentire datus quicumque libebit.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 22v
✅¶ You, the Unprotected One, will touch the ground, prostrate on your chest.
The Armored One can impart safety to this game.
🛠️¶ Everyone can break the shoulder of the ally while wrestling
Everyone, whom I hold like this, will be pleased to feel this gift.
|
You go to ground because you know little |
[8b-d] Tu va in terra per tuo pocho saver |
|
This is a wasting of each arm |
[8b-e] Aquesto e un guastare çaschadum braço |
23r
Non sine fractura discedes credo lacertj.
Ante tamen cubitum prope volvam brachia fortis[64]
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 23r
🛠️¶ Because of the taking, which that master now makes,
I believe [that] you will not depart[65] without a broken shoulder.
🛠️¶ I will snatch the dagger with a sudden, violent whirlwind,
However, prior [to that], I, the Strong One, turn your arm close by the elbow.
|
By the catch of my master which doesn't fail me, |
[7a-c] Per la presa delo magistro a'mi non falla |
|
Your dagger will quickly be taken from you |
[7a-e] La tua daga ben presta ti sera tolta |
23v
Surgere nec poteris sine grandi vulnere liberj.
Omnibus atque modis possum colludere primis.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 23v
¶ It is not any work for me having scattered you, the Fallen One
You are not able to rise up free of great wounds
✅¶ I cover myself when wrestling in the same way as in a cross, with the arms, of course.[67]
And I can play with all of the previous methods.
|
It is no trouble for me to make you fall, |
[7b-a] A farte cadere non m'e neguna fadiga |
|
And I cover with my arms crossed |
[7b-c] E me covro cum li braci incrosadi |
24r
Clauditur. inclusum mala te quam plura morantur.
- ¶ Ne[69] licet impressum teneas / retinendo lacertum
Inferiore tum clave pressura nocebit.
|
Your right arm is enclosed under my left; |
[6b-a] Lo tuo braço drito soto el'mio mancho e serato |
|
Because you have enclosed my arm this way, |
[6b-b] Perche tu m'abii cusi asserato mio braço |
24v
Tristis illo(?) eternum mediana in clave manebis.
- ¶ Degere non facies mediana in clave. sed isto
Me nunc contrario / tibi convenit / ut mihi cedas.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 24v
✅¶ If I myself can now turn the shoulder using the hands,
you, the Sorrowful One, will remain eternally in the middle key
🛠️¶You do not continue in the middle key.
But now, due to me using this counter,[72] it is appropriate for you that you would yield to me.
|
If I can turn this, your arm |
[6b-c] Si questo braço ti posso voltare |
|
You will not make me suffer in the middle key, |
[6b-d] In la chiave mezana non mi fara stentare |
25r
Et si contrarium deerit / faciam tibi praesto.[73]
- ¶ Hoc nunc contrarium propero / ceu rite videbis.
Percutiam flagrante animo tua membra deinde.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 25r
✅¶ Now I am the Suitable One beating you, the Ill-Omened One, into the ground.
And if the counter is absent, I would suddenly do [the preceding action] to you.
✅¶ Now I hurry this counter, as you will duly see.
Afterward, I would hit your limbs with a burning spirit.
|
For sending you to the ground, I'm clever and well-placed: |
[6b-e] Per mandarte in terra e son ben acunço e'posto |
|
I've prepared the counter in this way |
[6b-f] Lo contrario per questo modo o aparichiato |
25v
Ante modos quos quisque potuit efficere tento.
- ¶ Hoc nunc contrario ludos ego fallo priores.
Taliter et voluam quam post te vulnere perdam[74]
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 25v
✅¶ I cover myself, as you discern, with great strength of movement.
In advance of the methods, which anyone could execute, I attack.
🛠️¶ I now deceive the previous plays with this counter.
I will turn you, such that afterwards I will destroy you with wounds.[75]
|
For more strength, I cover in this match; |
[7a-a] Per piu forteça io crovo[!] aquesto partito |
|
It conveniences the previous play to fail because of this counter; |
[7a-b] Per questo contrario li zoghi denanço conven falar |
26r
- ¶ Tam celer hoc actu faciem tibi nempe rescindam.
Discipulus docet hoc cruce ducens ensis amictum
Per terram. Sed mucro tuus vel flexus abibit
Vel fractus numquam poteris operarier[76] illum.
Pignore mucronem / tam turpiter ipse gubernas
Jura tenedo meum. quo nunc traiectus obibis.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 26r
¶ Of course, I will cut out your face so swiftly using this act/action
The student teaches, ??leading to this the sword is cloaked by the ground?? from the location of the cross[77].
But your tip will depart either bent
or broken. You will never be able to use that [sword].
🛠️¶ I would hit your tip and, prohibited by no pledge of security/debt, I will keep it / you conduct yourself so disgracefully [that]
you must swear an oath: you must hold[78] mine [my sword] / by which you will now die transfixed.
|
From the crossing at the ground which the Scholar makes |
[21a-c] Per lo incrosar de terra che fa lo scolar |
|
Because of your hilt which I hold in my hand, |
[22a-b] Per lo mantiger[!] tuo che in man io tegno |
26v
Hoc / quia mucronem pulsasti tactibus imis.
Dumtamen hic celeres sint ars atque ipse magister.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 26v
🛠️¶ Truly, I strike your face with this cruel sword hilt.
This [occurred], because you have knocked the tip with the last touches.
🛠️¶ This strike is the second to strike back at the comrade with the sword hilt,
Provided that the art and the master himself would still be swift in these circumstances.
|
Because my sword has received a blow |
[22a-c] Per la mia spada che a'recevudo colpo |
|
This is another strike with my pommel, |
[22a-d] Aquesto e un altro ferir de mio pomo |
27r
- ¶ In cruce prevalidus proprium tibi carpo mucronem.
Hinc te iam mestum cesura cuspide sive
Percutiam. spätaeque manus attollere dicor
Conträrium[79]. et valeo tua membra ferire patenter.
Tangere nec poteris ullis violatibus ensem.
Nec sum deceptus ensem tibi ponere collo.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 27r
¶ I, strong in the preceding cross, seize your own special sword [mucronem].
Hence if I would now hit you, the Ill-Omened One, cutting with the point [cuspide].
And I am called the counter to lifting the sword [spatae] in the hands.[80]
And I am strong to openly strike your limbs.
You won't be able to touch the sword [ensem] using any violations.
¶ I throw you to the ground with this great action, which you anticipate,
I was not deceived and I place the sword to your neck.[81]
|
I've imprisoned your sword by the hilt, |
[23a-b] La tua spada per l'elço si o inpresonada |
|
I send you to the ground in this match; |
[22b-a] Io te mando in terra a'questo partito |
27v
Aut te percutiam. simul hoc[82] vel brachia claudam.[83]
Connectendo tuum. potero te namque ferire.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 27v
🛠️¶ I learn to strike your upper arm with your sword back[wards].
Or I would beat you, and simultaneously with this [strike], I would also blockade your lower arm.
🛠️¶ I act more prudently, by enfolding your arm and [your] own sword [spatam].
For I will be able to strike you.
Not in PD, only Paris and Getty.
|
This play is taken from the play of the dagger—namely, from the first remedy master, who puts his left hand under the dagger so as to take it from the hand; similarly, this scholar puts his left hand under the right hand of the player so as to take his sword from his hand. Otherwise, he will put him in a middle bind as in the second play that is after the first remedy master of dagger that was mentioned before. And that bind is this scholar's. |
[29v-b] ¶ Questo zogho e tolto del zogho dela daga çoe del primo magistro rimedio, che come ello mette la mane stancha sotto la daga per torgella de mane, per lo simile questo scolaro gli mette la mano stancha sotto la mane dritta del zugadore per trargli la spada di mano. Overo ch'ello mettera in ligadura mezana come lo secondo zogho ch'e dredo lo primo magistro rimedio di daga ch'e ditto denanzi. E quella ligadura si'e di questo scolaro. |
28r
- ¶ Ut mihi tu posses ensem convellere leva
Venisti. hic tandem contrario at ipse peribis.
- ¶ Claudere sub proprio voluisti false lacerto
Ensem. contrarium sed et hoc te vertet in imum.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 28r
🛠️¶ You have moved with your left hand so that you can wrest my sword from its position.
But in these circumstances, You yourself will ultimately die by means of the counter.
🛠️¶ You falsely wanted to confine the sword under your own arm.
But this counter will also overthrow you the farthest extent.
| Not in other copies | Not in other copies |
|
You wanted to enclose my sword under your arm |
[23b-d] Soto tuo braço mia spada volisti serar |
28v
Vulnera multa miser patieris. Quicquod at ipse
Efficio[84] / contra facio mucrone. et prevalet ista
Nexio permultum. quia plurima facta ministrat.
Hac igitur vitam linques cum cuspide tristem.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 28v
✅¶ I confined the palm using my sword. You, the Wretched One, will, in the end,
suffer many wounds on the top of your head. And whatever I myself bring about
I work in opposition to the tip. And that snaring is so very influential.
Because it [the snaring] serves up many actions.
✅¶ From the straight side, I move under into the other side.[85]
Accordingly, you quit the sad life here, by means of the point.
Note that in the upper register, the text looks like a good match for Pisani-Dossi, but the Florius illustration seems to show a different moment of action, and show it from the other side of the fight.
|
I have enclosed your hand with my sword, |
[23a-d] Serata t'o la mane cum mia spada |
|
I appear to come from the right, but I enter on the left |
[21b-c] Mostraii de'vegner dal drito in lo riversso intraii |
29r
Dicitur a cunctis sopranus dexter in armis.
Quem multis vicibus ego Florius ipse probavj.
- ¶ Accipiens ensem / medianum protinus ictum
Efficio / mucrone premens tua membra furentj
Vel proprio / vel forte tuo quem credis adesse.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 29r
✅¶ This movement, which I use to rob the man of his sword[86] during play,
Is called High on the Right by everyone in arms.
I, Florius, have tested this myself in many exchanges.
✅¶ Grabbing the sword, I execute a middle strike without pause[87]
Overwhelming your limbs with the raging tip, or with your own [sword]
Or with your luck, which you trust is present
|
This taking of the sword is called Above; |
[24a-b] Questo tor de spada e chiamato lo soprano |
|
Here I make the taking of the sword in the middle, |
[24a-c] Lo meçano tor de spada aqui io faço |
29v
- ¶ Inferiore loco capitur sic ensis acutus.
Quod faceret quicumque manet[88] hac arte peritus.
- ¶ Esse meum reputo quem cernis nempe mucronem
Et volvendo / tibi faciam profecto pudorem.
Ac manibus retraham proprijs ni fata repugnent
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 29v
🛠️¶ The sharp sword is thus captured from the lower position
Whoever has done this remains skilled in this art.
🛠️¶ I ascertain [that] you truly discern that sword to be mine[89] [now]
And by rotating, I will bring shame to you, the Departing One.
And I will draw [it] back with my own hands, if the fates do not disagree
|
This is the taking of the sword from below: |
[24a-d] Aquesto e lo tor de spada desoto |
|
I take this sword for my own: |
[24b-a] Questa spada io la tegno per mia |
30r
In terram tu deinde miser sterneris opacam.
Hoc quoque perficiam. pedibus tamen ipse[90] manebo.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 30r
✅¶ The cover on the right side foretells that I would catch [you] by the throat.
Then you, the Wretched One, will be scattered upon the dark ground.
🛠️¶ By means of a similar play, we scatter you into the deep ground.
I will also execute this. I will still remain [on my] feet.
|
From the right cover I have caught you so well, |
[22b-c] Per drita coverta io t'o cussi ben preso | |
|
[Bottom play not in Pisani Dossi. Text from Getty:] |
||
|
This play is done like this: that is, that someone goes with a middle blow against a left-side middle blow and then quickly goes to the tight [play] (with a cover). He throws the sword around his companion’s neck (as you see drawn here); he can then throw him to the ground without fail. |
[30r-b] ¶ Questo zogho se fa per tal modo zoe che uno vada cum lo colpo mezano contra lo mezano de parte riversa e subito vada cum coverta ale strette, e butti la spada al collo del compagno como qui e depento. Buttar lo po in terra senzo fallimento. |
30v
Quesitam ut possim miserum te sternere terrae.
Ensis. hoc edocuit dextrae tectura potentis.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 30v
🛠️¶ I grasp with my hands the taking that has been sought for a long time
so that I could scatter you, the Wretched One, into the ground.
✅¶ You will go into the earth thrown onto your back, and the sword will hold
[your] face. This thoroughly teaches powerful covers on the right side.
|
I have in hand the catch that I have sought with you |
[22b-b] In mane ho la presa che tegho o'cerchada |
|
From the cover on the right side, thus have I caught you: |
[24a-a] Per la coverta de man drita acossi io t'o preso |
31r
Atque sua damnare necj cum cuspide dagae.
Si quem volo in clavj potero te nectere versum.[91]
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 31r
🛠️¶ Everyone could dislocate[92] the ally's own shoulder.
And condemn them to death with the point of the dagger.
🛠️¶ I snatch the dagger now, and I can't fail.
If I want, I will be able to ensnare you, whom I have turned backwards, in the key <a later hand has glossed the 'turned backwards' as 'that is, rotated backwards'>
|
This is another strong dislocation, |
[9a-a] Aquesto e uno altro deslogare forte |
|
I take your dagger—this I want to do— |
[9a-b] La daga ti toio aquesto voio far |
31v
Est nexura quidlibet nimio discrimine mortis.
Si quis in hac intrat, vix hac exire valebit.
Efficiens palma manuum quocunque reversa.
Tuque hac captura procumbes poplite flexo
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 31v
✅¶ This is considered under the name, the strong Lower Key.
Any and all are excessively snared by the peril of death.
If someone enters into this, they will scarcely [be able to] take their leave from this to escape/die.
✅¶ I complete this Counter of the Master by wrestling
Accomplishing this [counter] using the reversed palm of the hand by any means.
And YOU will sink down here with bent knee due to this taking.
|
This is called the strong key [lock] underneath * ensire=escire=uscire |
[9a-d] Questa e chiamata la chiave de soto forte |
|
The counter of the master of the backhand, this I know how to do, |
[9a-e] Contrario del magistro de man riverssa questo so fare |
32r
Desuper et subter possum te laedere ferro.
Et capiti mala multa dabo, si mente sedebit.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 32r
✅¶ I, the Master, now catch the associate using both hands.
From above and from below, I can injure you using a weapon.
🛠️¶ Certainly, I am prepared in order that I will send you down to the ground.
And I will impart many bad things to the head, if that will be fixed in [my] mind.
|
I am a master that makes the catch with two hands: |
[9b-a] Io son magistro che cum due man faço presa |
|
I am well-prepared for sending you to ground; |
[9b-c] Per mandarte in terra e'son ben aparichiato |
32v
Non tamen est tutus qui simili ludere tentat.
In terram. Dehinc ipse[95] tibi peiora probabo.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 32v
✅¶ This is another movement to knock the associate down to the ground.
Nevertheless anyone who attempts to wrestle similarly is not safe.
✅¶ Truly, in this other method, I can send you to the ground
in this way. Thereafter, <I> myself will demonstrate worse things on you.
|
This is another that binds and sends you to the ground, |
[9b-d] Questo e un altro mandare in terra e ligadura |
|
In this way, I also put you on the ground; |
[9b-f] Anchora per questo modo in terra ti metero |
33r
Quod tibi sive vetes[97] capiam / tu sive repugnes.
Illa te subito privatum nempe videbis.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 33r
¶ In this way, I myself will carry your dagger away with a whirling motion,
Because I seize that thing of yours, whether you prevent or YOU fight back
¶ If I now attempt to lift your forearm near the dagger,
You will certainly see those things in their sudden ascension[99] for the purpose of depriving you
|
I will make your dagger do a turn, |
[10a-a] A la tua daga faro far una volta, |
|
If I lift your dagger behind your elbow, |
[10a-b] Si io levo la tua daga per apresso tuo cubito |
33v
- ¶ Hoc ego contrarium palmis nunc querito binis,
Ut me defendem[100] veluti facit ille magister.
Qui capit ambabus manibus luctando sodalem.
- ¶ Pectore me prendis. Nec adhuc mihi ledere posses.
Denodabo tuum tamen hunc luctando lacertum.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 33v
¶ Now I seek the counter to this with both palms,
In order to defend myself just as that master does.
In this way they seize the comrade with both hands by means of wrestling.
¶ You catch me by the chest, and yet you cannot injure me,
Nevertheless I will dislocate this shoulder by means of wrestling.
|
To the master who makes a catch with two hands, |
[10a-c] Del magistro che fa cum due mane presa |
|
As a master, I want each of my [students] to know[101] |
[10a-e] Io voio che çaschadun de mi magistro saça |
34r
- ¶ Te prope nunc cubitum feriam. me deinde relinques.
Atque tuam validus dagam tentabo repente.
- ¶ Vel supra cubitum feriam vel deprope pugnum.
Inque loco miserum denodabo. Hinc pectora linques.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 34r
✅¶ I would strike you now near the elbow. Then you will leave me alone.
I, the Strong One, will unexpectedly attack your dagger.
🛠️¶ I would strike either above the elbow or low near the fist.
And I will dislocate the wretched thing[102] in that part of the body. Hence you will leave the chest[103].
|
Because of this injury near your elbow, it will convenience you to release me, |
[10a-f] Per questo ferire apresso el tuo cubito me conven lassar |
|
I will wound you near your fist or over your elbow; |
[10b-a] Apresso tuo pugno feriro o sopra el cubito |
34v
- ¶ Experior quo te resupinem protinus actum.
Si te non sternam meliorem forte parabo.[105]
- ¶ Tutus ut in terram nunc vadas, credere possum.
Nec tua daga michi poterit profecto nocere.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 34v
✅¶ I test the action by which means I would throw you over backwards without pause.
If I do not scatter you, I would perchance perpare a more useful [action].[106]
✅¶ I, the Safe One, can believe that you will now rush into the ground.
Certainly your dagger will not be able to harm me.
|
I want to try to overturn you to the ground in this way; |
[10b-b] Per riverssarte in terra io voio provare aquesto modo |
|
Certain and sure, you would lament going to the ground, |
[10b-c] De andar in terra tentene certo e seguro |
35r
- ¶ Non deceptus ero levum frangendo lacertum.
Quem dextra teneo spatula luctando gravatum.
- ¶ Te tali teneo forma / prendoque gementem /
Quia nunc cum spatulis terram sterneris in imam.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 35r
✅¶ I will not have been cheated out of breaking [your] left shoulder.
I hold any burdensome person by wrestling using the right shoulder blade.
🛠️¶ I catch/hold you in such excellent shape, and I seize the Groaning One,
because you will now be scattered with your shoulder blades into the farthest ground.
|
You feel that over my right shoulder |
[10b-d] Tu senti che sopra la mia drita spalla |
|
Because of the way that I have caught you and I hold you, |
[10b-e] Per lo modo ch'io ti tegno e t'o preso |
35v
- ¶ Hanc nunc tecturam facio /[107] quo tollere dagam /
Possim. Sed multis possum te ledere ludis.
- ¶ Volvere si possum tibi nunc certando lacertum /
Inferiore cito faciam te in mergere clave.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 35v
✅¶ Now I make this cover, so that[108] I would be able to
Take the dagger. But I can injure you with many plays.
🛠️¶ If I can now turn your shoulder while competing
I will quickly make you sink in the Lower Key.
|
I make this cover in order to take your dagger, |
[10b-f] Per tor tua daga tal coverta io faço |
|
If I can turn this arm of yours, |
[11a-a] Si io posso aquesto tuo braço voltare |
36r
- ¶ Nunc quia te manibus teneo luctando gemellis
Arripiam dagam veluti tu nempe mereris.
- ¶ Tollere nunc doceo dagam ludendo sodalj.
Hoc quam discipulus nescivit ludere primus.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 36r
✅¶ Now because I hold you with [my] hands while wrestling like the Gemini twins,
I would snatch the dagger just as you truly deserve.
🛠️¶ Now I teach [how] to take the dagger while playing with a comrade.
The first student doesn't know this play.
|
I hold you by your arm with two hands |
[11a-c] Per lo tuo braço che cum due man e tegno. |
|
The previous student doesn't do his play |
[11a-d] Lo scolar che denanci non fa suo zogho |
36v
Si dagam in dagam vertendo ducimus ambo,
Armatus vel sim vel forte carentibus armis.
Et placet iste motus, sit strictus dummodo ludus.
Et subito in mediam clavem quae terminat omne
Bellum, nec contra valet ullus bellica tractans,
Intrabo. nec obesse potuit mihi quisque reluctans
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 36v
🛠️¶ I do not know any person with whom I cannot play,
If we both lead by turning dagger against dagger,
[If] I were either armored or by chance without armor.
And even that movement would be pleasing, provided that the play is tight.
🛠️¶ I, the Protected One, make this covering in armor.
And I will suddenly enter into the Middle Key, which ends all war,
Neither can a warlike dabbler[109] prevail against it.
Anyone opposing [me] cannot hurt me.
|
From dagger to dagger, I don't know anyone that be; |
[11a-e] De daga a daga non cognoscho homo che sia |
|
Being armored, I want to take this cover |
[11b-e] Siando arma questa coverta voio pigliar |
37r
Ulla sibi in ludo dantis defensio dagae.
Sed multis ludendo motis vastare valebo
Supra nanque[110] potuit operarj & subter in armis.
Vadit ad extremam nexuram hic ludus aperte
Inferior. Mediana iacet sub forte supermo.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 37r
🛠️¶ When fighting, I bring my dagger to this cross.
Nor does any defense of the given dagger oppose this in the play.
But I will powerfully lay waste with many moves in playing.
🛠️¶ That move certainly prevails by keeping the dagger in the cross
in fact, it can work above and below in armor
This lower play openly rushes to the outer snare
The middle is situated by chance under the highest.[111]
|
I am the Eighth Master and I cross with my dagger, and this play is good in armor and without armor, and some of my plays are placed earlier and some later. Similar to the third previous play—that is, that he wounds the player in the hand with the point of his dagger—I could wound this man underhand just as [that student] wounded him overhand. Also, I could take his hand by the joint with my left hand and I could wound him with the right (according to that which you will find later in the ninth student of the Ninth Master, who wounds the player in the chest; abandoning my dagger, I could also do the final play). |
[17r-c] ¶ L'otavo Magistro son, e incroso cum mia daga. E questo zogo e bon in arme e senç'arme. E li miei zogi sono posti alchuni denanzi alchuni di driedo. Lo zogo chi m'e denanzi zoe lo quarto zogo çoe chi fere lo zugadore in la man cum la punta di sua daga per lo simile poria ferir costuii di sotta mano, come ello lo fere di sopra. Anchora poria piglar la sua mano in la zuntura cum la mia man stancha, e cum la dritta lo poria ben ferire, segondo che trovarete dredo di mi lo nono scolaro del nono Magistro, che fere lo zugadore nel petto. Anchora poria fare Lo ultimo zogo ch'e dredo abandonando la mia daga. |
|
In armor, this is a very strong crossing |
[12a-c] In arme aquesto e un fortissimo incrosar |
37v
- ¶ Hunc ludum poterit istius forte magistri
Discipulus facere. dagam que auferre[112] potentem
Capturamque etiam liquj. Sed terga gravabo.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 37v
✅¶ The student can, by chance, make this play of
that master and can steal the powerful dagger.
✅¶ Behold, I cross underneath the shoulder in this playing.
I have left the takings[113] alone. But I will burden the back.
|
The first scholar of this, my master, |
[12b-c] De questo mio magistro lo primo suo scolar |
|
Not leaving the catch, I step underneath your arm; |
[12a-f] Non lassando la presa pasaii per soto tuo braço |
38r
Praeparo / si possum tibi voluere forte lacertum.
Inferiore etiam clave connectere possum.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 38r
🛠️¶ I prepare to take your life from the lower snare.
If, perchance, I can turn your shoulder.
🛠️¶ I can certainly dislocate your shoulder using a similar method,
And I can also ensnare it using the lower key.
|
If I can give a half turn to your arm, |
[12b-a] Si a tuo braço posso dare meça volta |
|
I can dislocate your arm in this way, |
38v
Si te non fallo poterit prodesse parumper.
- ¶ Querito mutare[115] quo te confallere possim.
Hinc te per terram properanti pectore vertam.
viribus ipse[116] meis patieris pessima multa.
- ¶ En venio tensis cupiens superare lacertis.[117]
Ut mihi prensuras lucrer ludendo potentes.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 38v
🛠️¶ I am certainly prepared that I, myself, gain the grasps.[118]
This will be beneficial for a short time, if I don't deceive you
🛠️¶ I seek to change away from the place[119], from which I would be able to deceive you completely.
From here, I will, by hastening, turn you by the chest through the ground.
🛠️¶ If you will not succeed with a clever trick, I can indeed believe
[that] you yourself will suffer much the worst[120] due to my strength.
🛠️¶ Behold, I come, seeking to overcome [you] with extended arms;
In order that I, myself, gain powerful grasps by playing.
|
I am prepared to gain the holds; |
[4a-a] Per guadagnar le prese e son aparichiato, |
|
I seek to make a change to the fight, |
[4a-b] De pugna mutacion cercho de'fare |
|
If you don't defeat me with cunning, I believe |
[4a-c] Se per inçegno non me vinceraii zo creço |
|
I come with my arms well-extended like this |
[4a-d] Cum li braci vegno acusi ben destese |
39r
- ¶ Hac ego prensura, faciam te tangere terram.
Denodabo tuum laevum uter forte lacertum.
- ¶ Ore tuo terram te cogam lambere turpem.
Vel faciam intrare miserum te clave sed ima.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 39r
✅¶ With this grasp, I would cause you to touch the ground.
I will dislocate your left shoulder or perhaps the other.
✅¶ I will compel you, The Foul One, to lick the ground with your mouth.
Or I will cause you, the Wretched One, to enter the lowest Key.[121]
|
I'll make you go to the ground with this hold, |
[4b-a] Cum questa presa in terra andare ti faro |
|
I'll make you kiss the ground with your mouth |
[4b-b] Cum la bocha la terra ti faro basare |
39v
- ¶ Renibus in terram iaciam te protinus imam.
Nec sine tristifica poteris consurgere pena.
- ¶ Hac te prensura facerem procumbere terrae,
Si melior cunctis esses ludendo magistris
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 39v
✅¶ I will immediately throw you into the farthest ground on your kidneys.
You will not be able to stand up without pains making you sad.
🛠️¶ I would make you sink to the ground with this grasp,
Even if you were better than all the masters at playing
|
And I'll make you fall on your back on the ground |
[4b-c] E te faro cadere in terra cum la schena |
|
Even if you were a master of wrestling, |
[4b-d] Se tu fussi magistro delo abraçare |
40r
- ¶ Propter prensuram, superb quaa, luctor et infra,
Vertice contundes terram. nec fata negabunt.
Inde libens movi. quo[122] te dermergere possem
Prerensuris aliis. quas nunc ostendere tento.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 40r
✅¶ Because of this grasp, with which I wrestle above and below,
you will pound sand with the crown of your head. Nor will the fates deny it.
✅¶ I have placed [my] palm on [your] face.[123] But nevertheless it is pleasing [that]
I moved them afterwards. Which is why I was able to hurl
you down with other grasps; which I now attempt to show.
|
Because of the hold that I have above and below you |
[4b-e] Per la presa che io ho desovra e ti desota |
|
I've placed my hand on your face well like this. |
[4b-f] Le man al volto si to ben poste |
40v
Hoc quia sub laevo teneo[124] caput ipse[125] lacerto.
- ¶ Aure sub hac digitum teneo luctando sinistra
Prensuram ut perdas qua me superare tenebas.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 40v
✅¶ You, the Disorderly One, will stretch toward the ground with sorrowful honor.
Because I hold this head under the left[126] shoulder.
✅¶ I hold [the] finger under this left ear while wrestling
so that you lose your grasp which you were holding to overcome me
|
Because I have positioned my head under your arm, |
[5a-a] Per la testa che io o posta soto el tuo braço |
|
Because I hold my thumb under your left ear, |
[5a-b] Per lo dedo che io te tegno soto la rechia stancha. |
41r
Haec prensura tamen terram te ponit[128] in imam.
Non tamen est aptus. Fallit nam saepe tenentes.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 41r
✅¶ You have seized me by means of your art and also from the back, Traitor.
Nevertheless, this grasp places <buries> you in the farthest ground.
✅¶ This play called the whirling legs is sometimes glorified.
But it is not suitable; because it often fails those holding on.
|
You grabbed me from behind with great treason |
[5a-c] Dedredo me prendisti a grande tradimento |
|
This wrestling is a tumbling trick, |
[5a-d] Questo e un abraçare de gambarola |
41v
Extranea. Hac tandem faciam te degere mestum
- ¶ Taliter ipse[129] tuos confringam poplite duro
Testiculos, quam nullae aderint in pectore vires.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 41v
✅¶ This is called a foreign grasp, as understood by concurring
minds. I would make you, the Ill-Omened One, endure here at length.
✅¶ In this way, I myself shatter your testicles with my hard knee,
So much that no strength will be present in your chest.
|
This is agreed to be a strange hold; |
[5a-e] Questa si e de'concordia strania presa |
|
I will make such a blow to your testicles, |
[5a-f] In li chogiuni ti faro tal percossa |
42r
Quam cito me tecum ludentem credo relinques.
- ¶ Destituj simili prensura (sicque fatemur)
Membra tuj. tamen ipse[130] miser ruiturus abibis
Contrario. Ceu rite vides, si lumine cernis.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 42r
🛠️¶ I will double the number of pains in your nose caused by suffering
i believe that you will let me go so quickly in this play with you.
🛠️¶ From a similar grasp (I do confess) I abandoned your leg.
Still, you, the Wretched One, will have fallen headlong; you will depart due to the counter.
As you duly see, if you're not blind.[131]
|
I make so much pain and grief in your nose, |
[5b-a] In tuo naso faço tanta pena e doia |
|
It's true that I've released you from that hold, |
[5b-b] El'e vero che de tal presa t'o lassato |
42v
Renibus ut terram contingam tristibus imam.[132]
- ¶ Cum manibus faciem premis hic ludendo gemellis.
Contrarium sed et hoc oculo magis inde nocebit.[133]
|
I make sorrow and grief for you under the chin, |
[5b-c] Soto el'mento ti faço doia e greveza |
|
You bother me with your hands on my face, |
[5b-d] Cum le man al volto tu me fa impaço |
43r
Experto tamen ipse viro succedit honeste.
- ¶ Contrarium primi servo profecto magistri.
Atque hac tectura mala nunc quam plura probabo.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 43r
🛠️¶ Granted that this play is probably scarcely known in this art,
For an experienced man, it nevertheless honorably succeeds.
🛠️¶ I certainly pay attention to the counter of the first master.
And in addition, I will now demonstrate bad things and more using this cover.
|
Although this play is not used often, |
[12b-d] Ben che aquesto zogho non sia tropo usado |
|
I wield the counter to the first master: |
[8a-b] Delo primo magistro lo contrario reço |
43v
- ¶ Regis ego primi dagam retinentis, aperte
Contrarium facio. Patet hoc feriendo lacertum.
- ¶ Contrario illius, mala quod quam plura minatur
Hic rego me, ut socium letalj vulnere ledam.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 43v
✅¶ *I* openly make the counter to the first king of restraining the dagger. By
striking in this way, it makes the arm accessible.
✅¶ I direct myself here — using the counter to that, which threatens
bad things and more — in order to injure my associate with deadly wounds.
|
I make the counter to the first king of dagger |
[8a-a] Delo primo re de daga el'contrario faço |
|
Through the counter that says 'do bad and worse', |
[8a-c] Per lo contrario che dise de far mal e, peço |
44r
- ¶ Neclabor est nec pena mihi faciendo tenacem
Nexuram. qua nunc potero tibi ledere. Renes
Et feriam fortasse tuos cum vulnere grandj.
Edidit. Est igitur sibi plurima laudis honestas
Contribuendo viro Furlana gente profecto.
User:Kendra Brown/Florius/English MS Latin 11269 44r
✅¶ It is neither work nor punishment to me to make this snare that holds fast,
whereby now I will be able to injure you,
and I will perhaps strike your kidneys with a great wound.
✅¶ The very skilled author Florius previously produced this book.
The highest honor of praise was therefore increased in the man himself,
which will be shared with the Furlani people.
|
Making this bind doesn't pain me, |
[8a-d] Aquesta ligadura a farla non me pena |
|
Here ends the flower of the art of fencing, |
[36b-a] Aqui finisse el fior de'l'arte delo armiçar |
- ↑ This reading assumes 'revolvam'. The alternate reading with 'revolvor' would be: I am swift in the course and I am turned in the rising and setting spheres. Interestingly, each of the three extant animal verses here includes a prepositional phrase with no parallel in the Italian which can be read as a reference to "the heavens", but in the Tiger's verse we rendered orbes as "circles" since it seemed connected to voltare/wheeling in the Italian.
- ↑ We're reading fulmia as a shortened form or misspelling of fulmina.
- ↑ moneo also includes negative aspects, like warning
- ↑ The grammar of the readable words in this verse does not come together neatly, and the ambiguity of the damaged words makes a smooth translation impossible.
- ↑ The word on the page is posta, which is Italian and not Latin and does not appear elsewhere in this text.
- ↑ The illegible letters could conceivably form tuam, which would support this reading.
- ↑ Variare and variata are from the same verb root, which has the distinct meanings "cause to vary, deviate" and "decorate with contrasting colors." The two verses on this page seem to deliberately use different senses of the verb.
- ↑ We are working under the assumption that the Latin translator is writing about the figure on the left, instead of the crowned figure. While it is clear that the Italian refers to the crowned figure, the Latin includes nothing about turning, or that this turn is the only option for defense. This is supported by 'Qui' in the second line, which has the 'ego = I' correction from a later hand.
- ↑ Note that the order of the 4 options differs from the original Italian due to the order of verb tenses in the Latin.
- ↑ This line, as written on the page, is not a complete sentence in Latin, lacking a main verb. In order to make some sense of it, we decided to read one instance of "vulnere" as "vulnerare," assuming a spelling error or missing abbreviation mark.
- ↑ We've rendered "terram ... pulses" as "thump the ground" in order to capture the "hit the ground" of a body falling, but also the "beating a drum" sense of pulsare. Interestingly, pulsare can also mean "stamp upon the ground," which creates a bit of thematic echo with "calcato" which means "trample" including "trampling grapes for wine"
- ↑ the hand position pictured in this technique is very strange. Comparing it to the Italian copies, we think the artist doesn't have a martial background and has drawn a hand familiar from other artwork instead of a position that makes sense with a sword or other weapon.
- ↑ Postquam means both after/afterwards and because. We translated this as since to capture both meanings.
- ↑ armis could also refer to armor, that is, the person, wearing armor, does not fear being injured.
- ↑ -met forms the emphatic of the pronoun
- ↑ stafile is probably a form of staffa, listed in DMLBS meaning "stirrup" and borrowed from German
- ↑ Curiously, these clauses appear to state the necessary actions in the reverse order: this is the counter to the previous action, if you attempt it, I will throw my arm around your neck.
- ↑ 'retraho' has multiple meanings which span the entire corpus of meanings that use bring/draw and back, including, but not limited to: withdraw, pull back, bring back, return, drag back, withhold, make known again.
- ↑ 'premo' also has numerous meanings, including but not limited to: overwhelm, oppress, suppress, tread on, press down on, compress, arrest, stop, plant, surpass, exceed, arrest, restrain.
- ↑ Telum refers specifically to a distance weapon, which can include any of the following: missile weapon, dart, shaft, spear, javelin, sword, axe, sunbeam, lightning (the last two are the specific province of Jove)
- ↑ We use inclusive language in the translation.
- ↑ The technique is intrinsic to the masters, so dative of possession is used in the translation
- ↑ Mucro can refer to a sword or its edge or point. The original translator of this text uses a variety of words to refer to the sword and its parts, and we have tried to reflect that by rendering ensis as sword, mucro as tip, and cuspide as point. However, in this case, the text is contrasting two different weapons and not their parts, so mucro is sword.
- ↑ If the translator is bad at Latin, such that he thinks 'illa robora' is ablative feminine, it could read 'And I have struck your face with the strong [weapon].
- ↑ Alternate reading: so that now, by clearing the space, I'm not afraid. 'ridendo' is potentially a pun using the ridere/riddare verbs, meaning to laugh at and to clear a space.
- ↑ Alternate reading with furenti as dative of disadvantage: With my sword, I cover my limbs from rage while taking a step
- ↑ The original tenses are present and future, but preterite and present flow better in English and provide the same timing
- ↑ the translator seems to use the future imperative to describe a definitive state
- ↑ This reading uses 'te' as the object of both verbs
- ↑ Although the text has 'faciemus', 1st person plural, we have translated this as singular.
- ↑ 'ad unguem' is an idiom meaning the most perfect, most complete, either from the fingernail [unguis] used to test the smoothness of marble, or the completeness of a person down to their toenails.
- ↑ The 'vindicta' was both the staff that a magistrate used to symbolically free a slave during manumission, in this case, a pun on the concept of freeing your soul from your body by striking you with a sword. Vindicta also means vengeance, revenge, or punishment, thus our reading of the term.
- ↑ Mucro can refer to a sword or its edge or point. The original translator of this text uses a variety of words to refer to the sword and its parts, and we have tried to reflect that by rendering ensis as sword, mucro as tip, and cuspide as point. However, in this case, the illustration shows an action that can't be done with the tip of the sword, so we have used edge.
- ↑ Since the word "posite" doesn't make sense as written, we speculate it's an error for "ponite."
- ↑ This word, "prendimus", is a verb normally used for disarm or grappling actions, and we usually translate it "catch", but we decided on "grasp" for the noun form prensura meaning a wrestling hold. In this case prendimus is clearly being used in its alternate sense "understand" and, since grasp can be used to mean either grapple or understand, it allows us to preserve the original pun.
- ↑ This reading is supported by genitive of emotion, in which the rage is assigned to the opponent. An alternate reading would be 'I defend the limbs of rage' in which the rage is assigned to the speaker.
- ↑ The Italian and Latin term frontale refers to a forehead decoration for either a woman or a horse. While the modern English term browband refers to an element of horse tack, we felt it evoked a more correct image than other terms such as headband.
- ↑ the verb 'fero' (ie, to bear), when linked to a woman, often relates to pregnancy (ie, to bear a child)
- ↑ This could also be translated as "I strike you"; however, the Italian has 'strike a bargain', which is also a translation of 'ferio te', and this is the only point where these two languages meet in this reading.
- ↑ We are using the marginalia to influence our reading/interpretation of this couplet.
- ↑ Note that the illustration is incorrect, showing the left side combatant with a hand on the hilt of the sword but no hand on the blade, which would make compressing the limbs much harder than in the Getty or Pisani-Dossi illustrations of this technique. The Latinist has inserted a phrase not in the Italian which provides a detail about the technique that's lost in the picture.
- ↑ Corrected from "de".
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet manum".
- ↑ or you will go gloomy into that <dark> ground
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet me".
- ↑ Likely haec
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet ensis".
- ↑ The period after habetur may be a later addition, since it overlaps the final stroke of the r.
- ↑ There's a light mark above Arte that looks like the abbreviation for haec.
- ↑ The fourth pollaxe play in Pisani-Dossi seems to match this somewhat. The fourth pollaxe play in Florius does not.
- ↑ The section of Florius about techniques for pollaxe refers to the weapon as a tricuspidis (triple-point), but calls it bipenna (double-edged axe) in the armored section.
- ↑ Although mucronem usually means tip as a synonym with cuspis, we translated the compound as point of the sword for reasons of fluency.
- ↑ Added later: "pro cum".
- ↑ This may also be read as immanis but inanis is closer to the Italian
- ↑ i.e., your point, your cut.
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet si".
- ↑ All of the other images of this sequence show the sword sheathed.
- ↑ The initial of this line is ambiguous and could be M or N. We believe it is most likely an M, but if it were an N it could be read "I do not cover and I strike the point simultaneously at what will become an opening."
- ↑ cautus (from cavere) is a common term in Roman jurist texts, where it means security in the sense of assurance or collateral
- ↑ "pretento" didn't match any of the nouns present, so we've filled in "brachio"
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet ego".
- ↑ We've used the reading suggested by the interlinear note "scilicet ego" to disambiguate "ipse"
- ↑ This page has lots of dirt smudges, drips, and stains; some—to the left of the combatants in the upper register, and just below the verse in the lower—look like they might be handwritten smudges, but without clear meaning.
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet ego".
- ↑ 'discedo' means to depart from a place, or, in the military sense, to come away from a battle.
- ↑ Interestingly, this page appears to be dirty and damaged; the recto looks like it’s warped from water damage. The next several pages also show warping; the art quality has also declined substantially.
- ↑ The initial of this line is ambiguous and can be read as M or N. We have interpreted it as an M. If it were an N, the line would begin "I do not cover," but we believe this is not compatible with the rest of the verse.
- ↑ Maybe "laevo".
- ↑ This can also be read as "me".
- ↑ The initial of this line is ambiguous and could be M or N. We have read it as N, but if it were M, the line might begin "Although you would hold me".
- ↑ Impressum often means something that has been marked or decorated using pressure, such as a printed page or tooled leather. On this page, the writer seems to be creating parallel imagery or puns about pressure and confinement, but has mixed up their relative position compared to the Italian.
- ↑ The initial of this line is ambiguous and could be M or N. We have read it as M, because we believe reading that word as "Ne" is not compatible with the rest of the verse.
- ↑ Could be “praesto”, Latin adv. “ready, available” or Italian “presto”.
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet occidam"
- ↑ We used 'te' as the object of both verbs
- ↑ Added later: "pro operarj".
- ↑ cruce is locative case, which the translation reflects
- ↑ assuming that 'tenedo' = 'teneto', or second person imperative of 'teneo'
- ↑ These umlaut-like dots appear on a few other pages, where they indicate words that should be read as a pair. Here the marked words are both part of a phrase naming a technique, similar to other times the dots appear. Interestingly, on this page it looks like the dots were written by the original scribe (for example, the dots over the a in spataeque have the same faded look as the a). However, appearing on so few pages, these dots don't seem to be part of the overall orthographic style of the manuscript.
- ↑ This actually reads 'lifting the hands and the sword located in the hands', as spatae is locative case, or indicative of the sword's location. We omitted the repetitions for the sake of clarity.
- ↑ grammatically, the winner was not deceived by the opponent's anticipation, and this deception is a completed action, which has bearing on the present action, that is, the placing of the sword.
- ↑ Added later: "cum". Potentially could be read as "eum" but we believe "cum" is a useful clarification of this sentence.
- ↑ While lacertos and brachia refer specifically to the upper and lower arms respectively, this is probably an attempt by the translator to avoid repetition, rather than specific parts of the arm that are affected by the actions. We have retained the specificity for linguistic reasons. We used arm instead of shoulder in the following couplet because the technique does not work with the shoulder.
- ↑ This might be a typo for efficit, which is supported by the use of 'ipse', and the fact that the next clause has the speaker working against this action
- ↑ Note that the Italian uses straight and curved for the right and left sides. So this is potentially a movement from the right to the left sides
- ↑ Mucro can refer to a sword or its edge or point. The original translator of this text uses a variety of words to refer to the sword and its parts, and we have tried to reflect that by rendering ensis as sword, mucro as tip, and cuspide as point. However, in this case, based on the illustration, we decided to refer to the whole sword.
- ↑ If the line we have interpreted as a comma after ensem is not a comma, then an alternate reading would be: Grabbing the sword in the middle, I execute a strike without pause.
- ↑ Added later: "+".
- ↑ Mucro can refer to a sword or its edge or point. The original translator of this text uses a variety of words to refer to the sword and its parts, and we have tried to reflect that by rendering ensis as sword, mucro as tip, and cuspide as point. However, in this case, based on the illustration, we decided to refer to the whole sword.
- ↑ Added later: "ego".
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet revolutum".
- ↑ "Denodare" is an uncommon word and its primary sense is "un-knot, solve" but in the context of wrestling, it seems to mean "dislocate", supported by DuCange: Frangere, pedem vel brachium laxare, Gall. Rompre, disloquer, to break, to spread out a foot/leg or shoulder, disloquer = dislocare, to dislocate
- ↑ Added later: "ego s."
- ↑ There is an unreadable marking here.
- ↑ Added later: "ego scilicet".
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet ego".
- ↑ This looks like it may have originally said “veter” but was corrected to “vetes” (e.g. from first person present passive to second active present).
- ↑ See Capelli 285; this can be read as either prope (near) or proprie (specifically).
- ↑ Subito has two meanings that both seem relevant here ("suddenly, immediately" and "going under, going upward"), and there's no way to tell if only one is intended, so we have used both.
- ↑ Should be "defendam".
- ↑ Saccere => sapere
- ↑ 'miserum' could refer to either elbow 'cubitum' or fist 'pugnum'
- ↑ "Pectora linques" ("leave the chest") could be read two ways: giving up the original attack to the chest seen in the illustration, or consciousness departing the most vital area of the body in death.
- ↑ logo = luoco/luogo
- ↑ Added later: "vel probabo(?)".
- ↑ if read with 'probabo' as suggested in the margin: I would, perchance, demonstrate a more useful [action].
- ↑ Added later: "~ ut".
- ↑ Insertion: "+ in order to"
- ↑ "Bellica" seems to be a term for military equipment, and "tractans" comes from tracto, which is similar to traho (pull, draw) but has additional meanings like discuss, handle, negotiate. We have interpreted "bellica tractans" as "a person who deals with war equipment", implicitly distinct from a soldier or military person.
- ↑ Variant of "namque".
- ↑ This line looks like it should match the last line of the Pisani Dossi verse, but the Latin case endings can't support reading it that way.
- ↑ This is read as a corrected error, in which the scribe began to write aufa, crossed out the 'a', continued the 're' and used the 'er' abbreviation above the incorrect letter.
- ↑ i.e., the dagger
- ↑ There's a marginal note that's hard to interpret: "n p o" or perhaps "R P O".
- ↑ Added later: "pro".
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet tu".
- ↑ It looks like the period maybe was changed to a slash/comma.
- ↑ This line and the last line of the 4th couplet share an identical fragment in both the Latin and the Italian; however, it is not possible to render the two identically in fluent English.
- ↑ 'muto' can mean simply to change, or to change to/from a location. Due to 'hinc' in the following line, a change of location seemed apt.
- ↑ Although 'multa pessima' are plural in Latin, much is singular in English
- ↑ Clave is usually translated as Key, but can also refer to the handle for turning a press, or the bar for holding a door shut. We are reading clave as locative with sub ima as the postpositional indication of the direction of the location.
- ↑ Added later: "+ ut".
- ↑ This is unusual, in that the loser (unmarked) speaks this line. The following lines are written normally, from the point of view of the winner (crown and garter) as the first-person speaker.
- ↑ Added later: "+ posuj".
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet ego".
- ↑ No Italian copy mentions left or right in this technique. The illustration in this and all manuscripts show the head under the right shoulder. Interestingly, the Getty illustration shows the opponent's legs swapped, but the Pisani Dossi has the same body position shown here.
- ↑ Added later: "situ".
- ↑ Added later: "& mergit".
- ↑ Added later: "scilicet ego".
- ↑ Added later: "tu scilicet".
- ↑ literally, if you can discern daylight
- ↑ The accusatives [direct objects] are unusual in both of these lines
- ↑ There are no personal pronouns indicating whose eyes are getting injured in this couplet. Only the second person verb in the first line indicates whose eyes are getting damaged.
- ↑ 'tract' has meanings related to handling: to manage, deal with, cause X
- ↑ 'contigo' means to touch, but also to touch in a negative, polluting way.
