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Difference between revisions of "Pseudo-Peter von Danzig"

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! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Goliath (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow version]]</p>
 
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Goliath (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow version]]</p>
! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation}}<br/>Rome version by [[Cory Winslow]]<br/>''Supplement by [[Christian Trosclair]]''</p>
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! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation}}<br/>Rome version and Supplement by [[Cory Winslow]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452)<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452)<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Augsburg Version I]] (1450s)<br/>by Dierk Hagedorn</p>
 
! <p>[[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6.4º.3)|Augsburg Version I]] (1450s)<br/>by Dierk Hagedorn</p>
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| [21] ''{{red|b=1|Another}}''
 
| [21] ''{{red|b=1|Another}}''
''Item: When you wish to make the wrath-cut, you must strike<ref>cut, strike, slash, punch, beat</ref> with the right hand and with the left hand behind well <ref>well, very, quite, certainly, easily have, almost, in general</ref> upon<ref>on, to, upon, at, in</ref> it and thereafter lower the point below and go through with the inverted <ref>reversed, inverted, perverse, incorrect</ref> hand.''
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''Item, when you will make the Wrath Hew, then you may strike with the right hand and with the left hand behind well up in, and thereafter with the inverted hand make the point down below and go through.''
 
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| [22] ''Item: You must also not take away upward, raking with your sword further than his point. Simultaneously''<ref>Indes - Both within and during</ref>'' strike him again to the head.''
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| [22] ''Item: You may also not take away upward,tearing up with your sword further than his point, Meanwhile strike in against him to the head.''
 
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| [24] ''Item: A counter against the taking away. When he takes away high and strikes to your head from your right side then wind the short edge of your sword a little upon his and Simultaneously slash with the long edge to his head.''
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| [24] ''Item, a counter against the taking-off:  When he takes off above and hews to your head on your right side, then wind your sword with your short edge a little on his and strike Meanwhile with the long edge to his head.''
 
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| [25] ''Item: Another Simultaneous counter. If he takes away, then step aside, away from the strike and work to the next Opening with the hews.''
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| [25] ''Item, another counter: Meanwhile as he takes-off, then step aside from the strike and work in to the next opening with the hew.''
 
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| [26] ''{{red|b=1|Another}}''
 
| [26] ''{{red|b=1|Another}}''
''Item. When you have struck<ref>cut, struck, slashed, punched, beat</ref> from the wrath-cut with the inverted<ref>reversed, inverted, perverse, incorrect</ref> hand and he drives up and parries you, then drive-through as well to his right side on his belly with your inverted<ref>reversed, inverted, perverse, incorrect</ref> hand and wind your right elbow over his and you sword hold firmly. Thus you have locked him. Or move with your right side to your left and wrench backwards strongly, thus you take the sword from him and your point goes into his face.''
+
''Item, when you have struck with the inverted hand from the Wrath Hew, and he drives up and parries you, then drive thus through with your inverted hand on his right side on his belly and wind in the right elbow over his and your sword and hold fast, so you have locked him, or jerk with your right side on your left and tear strongly behind you so you take his sword and your point goes in to his face.''
 
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| [28] ''Item: If you have thus wound to his right side and he has parried the thrust, then also wind again a little to your left and place the point down to his chest. If he then parries the point, then pull your sword upon you and strike him to the head. If he parries, then take away high or take other work from there.''
+
| [28] ''Item, so you thus on your right side have wound, and he has parried your stab, then wind a little again on your left and set in your point also down in his breast. If he then parries the point, then pull your sword on you and strike in again to his head. If he then parries, so take off above or take other work therefrom.''
 
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| [29] ''{{red|b=1|Another}}''
 
| [29] ''{{red|b=1|Another}}''
''Item: When you have taken away high and he has thus parried you for the second time and thrusts with you, then lift high with the arms and Wind the short edge in the Weak of his blade and thrust into his face or Wind to his right side upon his blade in the Weak and thrust another to his face. Thus you make both Winds from each other and Press with the point.''
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''Item, when you have taken off above and he has you parried you thus to the other mouth and stabbed with you, then drive well up with the arms and wind in the short edge in the Weak of his blade and stab in to his face or wind on your right side on his blade in the Weak and stab in but to his face. You may also make both winds from one another and thrust with the point.''
 
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| [34] ''Item: When you wish to make a Hew and a Thrust and a Slice, then execute it thusly. Skillfully hew the Wrath Strike from your right side, Simultaneously Wind the point to his left side and thrust to left side of his face. Simultaneously step with your left foot toward his right and slice with the long edge atop both of his arms.''
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| [34] ''Item, when you will make a hew and a stab and a slice, then do him thus: hew the Zornhau boldly in from your right side, Meanwhile wind in the point on his left side and stab in to his face on his left side. Meanwhile step with your left foot on his right and slice in with the long edge over both his arms.''
 
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| [51] ''Item. When he preempts with a High-cut, then step with your right foot upon his left and strike toward him with the Thwart-hew upon the edge of his strong so is his cut parried. Simultaneously, thrust the pommel with your left hand back around to your right side, thus you have struck him upon the left ear. Or you may double it while you have crossed his strong or if he so strong that you cannot execute that, then thrust his sword aside with the hilt and strike around to his right side and seek the next opening.''
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| [51] ''Item when he comes before with the Over-hew, then step with your right foot on his left and strike to him with the Thwart Hew in the Strong of his blade, so is his hew parried. Meanwhile thrust the pommel with your left hand on your right side up near you, so you strike in in the left ear, or may the Doubling. While you him in his Strong have Thwarted, or is he thus Strong that you there to not come may, then thrust his sword away with the hilt and strike on your right side around and seek the other opening.''
 
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| [54] ''Item. A break against an low Thwart-hew. When you have bound upon his sword with a High-cut and [he] strikes a Thwart-hew around, either high or low, then remain with the hilt before your head and wind your sword all the way around and stab his next opening with the point and travels to either side.''
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| [54] ''Item, a counter against upper and lower Thwart strikes. When one has bound in on his sword with a Over-hew and strikes the Thwart around above or below, then remain with the hilt before your head and always turn your sword and stab in with your point to the nearest opening. So it goes from both sides.''
 
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| [55] ''Item. When you are bound with a free High-cut and are struck a lower Thwart-hew to your right side, then remain standing thusly and position the short edge upon his neck with a Thwart-hew with the strong.''
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| [55] ''Item, when one binds on you with a free Over-hew and hews the lower Thwart-hew to your right side, then remain thus standing and lay in the short edge on his neck.''
 
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| [60] ''Item. If he is too strong with the Opposition that you cannot come to any devices''
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| [60] ''Item, is he but too strong with the parrying that you may not come to the technique.''
 
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| Ist er dir aber mit der versatzung zu starck das du zu den stucken nit kom~en magst
 
| Ist er dir aber mit der versatzung zu starck das du zu den stucken nit kom~en magst
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| ''Or if he wishes to Pass-over you, then take the slice below his arms''
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| ''Or, if he will run in on you, then take the slice under his arms.''
 
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| Oder wil er dir ein lauffen So nÿm den schnit untter seinen armen etc.
 
| Oder wil er dir ein lauffen So nÿm den schnit untter seinen armen etc.
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| [63] ''Item. If he takes you by the neck from the right side, then drop your left hand from your sword and Press his sword from your neck with your right and step across with your left foot to his right side in front of his feet and enter with your left arm above both of his arms near the hilt and direct him to dance or stab him below between the legs to the maker.''
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| [63] ''Item, if one takes you by the neck to your right side, then release your sword from your left hand and thrust his sword with your right from your neck and step with your left foot against his right side before both of his feet and drive with your left arm over both his arms near by the hilt and drive him to dance or stab him below between his legs to the groin.''
 
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| [64] ''Item. When you wish to execute the Thwart-hew to his left side, then do not hit and strike deftly to his right side. If he then strikes to your right, then Simultaneously slice his hands strongly on the left of his right hand. This goes to both sides.''
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| [64] ''Item, when you will make the Thwart-hew on his left side, then do not hit and strike nimbly on his right side. If he then strikes to your right, then slice Meanwhile strongly in his hands, in the wrist of his right hand. That goes to both sides.''
 
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| [70] ''{{red|Another}}''
 
| [70] ''{{red|Another}}''
''Item. Execute the Failer thusly. When you approach your opponent with the Onset, strike Low-cuts from both sides. If you then enter with a Low-cut from your right side, then shoot the point long into the chest, so he must parry. Then explode quickly with the left foot to his right side and act as if you wish to strike with a Thwart-hew there and pull the cut and strike around quickly to his left side.''
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''Item, the Failer drive thus: when you come to the man with the pre-fencing, then hew the Under-hew from both sides. If you then come to him with a Under-hew from your right side, then shoot in the point therewith long into the breast so he must parry, then spring quickly with the left foot on his right side and do as you will strike to there in with the Thwart, and pull the hew, and strike quickly again around to the left side.''
 
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| [71] ''Or if you approach him from the left side with a Low-cut, then shoot the point long and execute the threat to the next opening as it was written before.''
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| [71] ''Or if you come from the left side with the Under-hew on him, then shoot in the point above in long and drive the driving as stands described before.''
 
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| Oder kompstu vor der lincken seitten mit dem untterhaw an Ine So scheusß Im den ort aber lanck ein vnd treib dass geferte als voran zum nechsten geschrieben stet etc.
 
| Oder kompstu vor der lincken seitten mit dem untterhaw an Ine So scheusß Im den ort aber lanck ein vnd treib dass geferte als voran zum nechsten geschrieben stet etc.
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| '''''Another item'''''
 
| '''''Another item'''''
When you stand against him with your sword upon your right shoulder and he then stands against you in the guard of the Plow and threatens to thrust below, then wind the short edge of your cut high and long. Thus, he cannot reach you below with the thrust.  
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When you stand against and have your sword on your right shoulder, if he stands then against you in the guard of the Plow and threatens to stab you below, then turn your hew in with the short edge, long in above, so he may not reach you below with the stab.  
 
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| '''Item ein anders'''
 
| '''Item ein anders'''
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| [80] '''''Item. Another precept.'''''
 
| [80] '''''Item. Another precept.'''''
''When you go forth with the Onset, you should discretely discern if he fences shortened against you. So that you shall know when he cuts, he does not extend his arms out long from himself in his strike. Thus his sword is shortened and any fencer that is so shortened, change through freely out of your strikes and thrusts with the long point thereby positioned upon the sword so that he must allow you bind upon it and become struck.''
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''When you go to him with the pre-fencing, then you shall Squint with the face if he fight short against you. That shall you thus discern when he hews to you he stretches not his arms long from him with the hew, so is his sword shortened, and all fencers that fence short so change freely through from hews and from stabs with the long point. Therewith you beset them on the sword that they must let you come to bind on them and allow you to strike.''
 
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| '''Item ein ander lere'''
 
| '''Item ein ander lere'''
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| [84] ''Item when you wish to execute the Parting-hew, you must allow the point to extend through below his hands; go to the right side of his face and reach in outstretched.''
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| [84] ''Item, when you will make the Parter-hew on one, then may you allow the long point to go through him under his hands to his face on his right side and long stretched in.''
 
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Revision as of 21:51, 17 January 2016

Gloss and Interpretation of
the Recital on the Long Sword
die gloss und die auslegung der zettel
des langen schwert
Author(s) Unknown
Ascribed to Pseudo-Peter von Danzig
Illustrated by Unknown
Date before 1452
Genre
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Principal
Manuscript(s)
Manuscript(s)
First Printed
English Edition
Tobler, 2010
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

"Pseudo-Peter von Danzig" is the name given to an anonymous late 14th or early 15th century German fencing master.[1] Some time before the creation of the Codex 44.A.8 in 1452, he authored a gloss of Johannes Liechtenauer's Recital (Zettel) which would go on to become the most widespread in the tradition. While his identity remains unknown, it is possible that he was in fact Jud Lew or Sigmund Schining ein Ringeck, both of whose glosses show strong similarities to the work. On the other hand, the introduction to the Rome version of the text—the oldest currently extant—might be construed as attributing it to Liechtenauer himself.

Treatise

Early on in its history, this text seems to have split into two primary branches. The first branch, found in the Rome (1452), Krakow (1510-20), and Augsburg II (1564) versions, has slightly longer descriptions for many devices and is always accompanied by illustrations. The second branch, appearing first in the Augsburg I (1450s) and used in all extant versions except the three listed above, has shorter descriptions but a number of additional devices.

In order to achieve a greater degree of organization and readability, Liechtenauer's verse has been separated into its proper couplets in this presentation. The verse is laid out this way in the Augsburg I and Salzburg versions, but in most of the other manuscripts it is included inline.

Additional Resources

References

  1. This name stems from the false assumption of many 20th century writers identifying him with Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt.
  2. Squint here means "an askew glance", referring to both the sword's direction of travel and also the use of deception with the eyes with this hew.