Wiktenauer logo.png

Difference between revisions of "Sigmund ain Ringeck"

From Wiktenauer
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 177: Line 177:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[4] The same when you hew from the left side and [you] do not follow-after the hew with the left foot, thus the hew is also false. Therefore note, from whichever side you hew, that you follow-after with the same foot, so you may deploy all your plays with strength and all other hews shall be hewn thusly as well.</p>
+
| <p>[4] The same when you hew from the left side and [you] do not follow-after the hew with the left foot, thus the hew is also false. Therefore note, from whichever side you hew, that you follow-after with the same foot, so you may conduct all your plays with strength and all other hews shall be hewn thusly as well.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 012v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013r.png|1|lbl=13r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 012v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013r.png|1|lbl=13r|p=1}}
Line 198: Line 198:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>14</small>
 
| <small>14</small>
| With the entire body fence<br/>&emsp;Whatever you desire to deploy strongly.<ref>Possibly "strongly desire to deploy".</ref>
+
| With the entire body fence<br/>&emsp;Whatever you desire to conduct strongly.<ref>Possibly "strongly desire to conduct".</ref>
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, this is<ref name="mdi-d">"Note, this is" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> when you come to him with the onset: you shall not focus nor wait upon his hew as he deploys it against you. Because all fencers who focus and wait upon another's hew and wish to do nothing else than displace, they permit such art little joy because they often become struck with it.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, this is<ref name="mdi-d">"Note, this is" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> when you come to him with the onset: you shall not focus nor wait upon his hew as he conducts it against you. Because all fencers who focus and wait upon another's hew and wish to do nothing else than displace, they permit such art little joy because they often become struck with it.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013v.png|1|lbl=13v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013v.png|1|lbl=13v|p=1}}
Line 211: Line 211:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[6] Item. You shall<ref>"You shall" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> note that every thing which you wish to fence, deploy it with the entire strength of the body; and cleave him in with that nearby to the head and to the body, so he may not change-through in front of your point; and with that hew, in the binding of the swords you shall not omit the fleshwounds to the nearest opening (which will be delineated hereafter in the five hews and in other plays).</p>
+
| <p>[6] Item. You shall<ref>"You shall" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> note that every thing which you wish to fence, conduct it with the entire strength of the body; and cleave him in with that nearby to the head and to the body, so he may not change-through in front of your point; and with that hew, in the binding of the swords you shall not omit the fleshwounds to the nearest opening (which will be delineated hereafter in the five hews and in other plays).</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 014r.png|1|lbl=14r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 013v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 014r.png|1|lbl=14r|p=1}}
Line 237: Line 237:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[8] The same is if you are left. So likewise do not hew from the right side, because the art is quite awkward [when] a lefty deploys from the right side. It is also the same [of] a righty from the left side.</p>
+
| <p>[8] The same is if you are left. So likewise do not hew from the right side, because the art is quite awkward [when] a lefty conducts from the right side. It is also the same [of] a righty from the left side.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 014v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 014v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 270: Line 270:
 
| <p>[10] {{red|b=1|Here note that which is called the after}}</p>
 
| <p>[10] {{red|b=1|Here note that which is called the after}}</p>
  
<p>Note, if you may not come in the before, then wait upon the after. These are the breaks of all plays which he deploys upon you. Understand it thusly: When he comes-before such that you must displace him, so swiftly work in-the-moment with the displacement to the nearest opening, so you hit him the moment before he accomplishes his play. Thus you have seized the before and he remains after.</p>
+
<p>Note, if you may not come in the before, then wait upon the after. These are the breaks of all plays which he conducts upon you. Understand it thusly: When he comes-before such that you must displace him, so swiftly work in-the-moment with the displacement to the nearest opening, so you hit him the moment before he accomplishes his play. Thus you have seized the before and he remains after.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 015v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 016r.png|1|lbl=16r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 015v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 016r.png|1|lbl=16r|p=1}}
Line 337: Line 337:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[15] And how you shall uncover with the hanging and winding, and how you shall deploy all the forenamed plays, you find that entirely written hereafter.</p>
+
| <p>[15] And how you shall uncover with the hanging and winding, and how you shall conduct all the forenamed plays, you find that entirely written hereafter.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 018v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 018v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 434: Line 434:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <section begin="wrath-7"/><p>[22] Item. Deploy the war thusly: When you cleave-in with the wrath-hew, then as soon as he displaces, drive up with the arms and wind-in the point upon the sword to the upper opening. If he then displaces the thrust, so keep staying in the winding and stab the low opening with the point. If he then further follows-after the sword with the displacements, then drive-through with the point below his sword and hang-in the point above to the other opening of his right side. Thus he becomes ashamed above and below, because you can otherwise deploy the techniques correctly.</p><section end="wrath-7"/>
+
| <section begin="wrath-7"/><p>[22] Item. Deploy the war thusly: When you cleave-in with the wrath-hew, then as soon as he displaces, drive up with the arms and wind-in the point upon the sword to the upper opening. If he then displaces the thrust, so keep staying in the winding and stab the low opening with the point. If he then further follows-after the sword with the displacements, then drive-through with the point below his sword and hang-in the point above to the other opening of his right side. Thus he becomes ashamed above and below, because you can otherwise conduct the techniques correctly.</p><section end="wrath-7"/>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 021v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 022r.png|1|lbl=22r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 021v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 022r.png|1|lbl=22r|p=1}}
Line 456: Line 456:
 
| In all hits<br/>&emsp;If you wish to confound the masters.
 
| In all hits<br/>&emsp;If you wish to confound the masters.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is how you shall properly find hew, thrust, and cut in all winding: so when you wind, you shall immediately test which of the three is best to deploy: the hew, or thrust, or cut.<ref>"The hew, or thrust, or cut" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> Thus, you do not hew when you should thrust, nor cut when you should hew, nor thrust when you should cut.<ref>"Nor thrust… cut" omitted from the Rostock.</ref><includeonly></p></includeonly><section end="wrath-8"/> <section begin="wrath-9"/><includeonly><p></includeonly>And note, when someone displaces the one, that you hit them with the other. So if one displaces your thrust, then deploy the hew. If someone runs-in, then deploy the under-cut into their arm.<ref name="sentence-r">Sentence omitted from the Rostock.</ref> Remember this<ref name="word-d"/> in all hits and bindings of the sword, if you wish to confound the masters who set themselves against you.</p><section end="wrath-9"/>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is how you shall properly find hew, thrust, and cut in all winding: so when you wind, you shall immediately test which of the three is best to conduct: the hew, or thrust, or cut.<ref>"The hew, or thrust, or cut" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> Thus, you do not hew when you should thrust, nor cut when you should hew, nor thrust when you should cut.<ref>"Nor thrust… cut" omitted from the Rostock.</ref><includeonly></p></includeonly><section end="wrath-8"/> <section begin="wrath-9"/><includeonly><p></includeonly>And note, when someone displaces the one, that you hit them with the other. So if one displaces your thrust, then conduct the hew. If someone runs-in, then conduct the under-cut into their arm.<ref name="sentence-r">Sentence omitted from the Rostock.</ref> Remember this<ref name="word-d"/> in all hits and bindings of the sword, if you wish to confound the masters who set themselves against you.</p><section end="wrath-9"/>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 022r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 022v.png|1|lbl=22v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 022r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 022v.png|1|lbl=22v|p=1}}
Line 503: Line 503:
 
| If you have understood this properly,<br/>&emsp;He may hardly come to blows.
 
| If you have understood this properly,<br/>&emsp;He may hardly come to blows.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is when you wish to reckon yourself upon another such that you wish to break the four openings with art: so deploy the doubling to the upper openings against the strong of his sword, and the mutating to the other opening. Thus I say to you truthfully that he cannot defend<ref>D. ''schüczen'', R. ''behuetẽ''.</ref> himself from that, and may neither come to strikes nor to thrusts.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is when you wish to reckon yourself upon another such that you wish to break the four openings with art: so conduct the doubling to the upper openings against the strong of his sword, and the mutating to the other opening. Thus I say to you truthfully that he cannot defend<ref>D. ''schüczen'', R. ''behuetẽ''.</ref> himself from that, and may neither come to strikes nor to thrusts.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 023v.png|1|lbl=23v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 024r.png|1|lbl=24r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 023v.png|1|lbl=23v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 024r.png|1|lbl=24r|p=1}}
Line 524: Line 524:
 
| <p>[27] {{red|b=1|Note the mutating}}</p>
 
| <p>[27] {{red|b=1|Note the mutating}}</p>
  
<p>Deploy the mutating thusly: When you bind him with the over-hew (or otherwise on the sword), then wind the short edge upon his sword and drive well up with the arms, and wind your sword's blade outside above his sword and thrust him to the low openings, and this deploys to both sides.</p>
+
<p>Deploy the mutating thusly: When you bind him with the over-hew (or otherwise on the sword), then wind the short edge upon his sword and drive well up with the arms, and wind your sword's blade outside above his sword and thrust him to the low openings, and this conducts to both sides.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 024r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 024r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
Line 540: Line 540:
 
| Crook on<ref>''aufkrummen'': Lat. ''sursum torquere'', twist, turn or bend up; twist, turn, bend, or cast back; avert, deflect .</ref> swiftly,<br/>&emsp;Throw the point upon the hands.
 
| Crook on<ref>''aufkrummen'': Lat. ''sursum torquere'', twist, turn or bend up; twist, turn, bend, or cast back; avert, deflect .</ref> swiftly,<br/>&emsp;Throw the point upon the hands.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}.<ref name="word-s">Word omitted from the Salzburg.</ref> This is how you shall hew crooked to the hands, and deploy the play thusly: When he hews from [his]<ref>Sic, lit. "your".</ref> right side to the opening<ref>"The opening" omitted from the Salzburg.</ref> with over- or under-hews,<ref>S. "the over- or under-hew".</ref> spring away from the hew with the right foot against him well to his left side, and strike him<ref>Possibly "it".</ref> with crossed<ref>S. ''vß gestreckten'': "outstretched".</ref> arms with the point<ref name="word-s"/> upon his<ref name="the-d"/> hands. And also deploy this play against him when he stands against you in the guard of the oxen.<ref>Sentence omitted from the Salzburg; instead, it segues into the [[Jud Lew|Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] gloss of the same verse, describing how the Crooked hew breaks the Ox.</ref></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}.<ref name="word-s">Word omitted from the Salzburg.</ref> This is how you shall hew crooked to the hands, and conduct the play thusly: When he hews from [his]<ref>Sic, lit. "your".</ref> right side to the opening<ref>"The opening" omitted from the Salzburg.</ref> with over- or under-hews,<ref>S. "the over- or under-hew".</ref> spring away from the hew with the right foot against him well to his left side, and strike him<ref>Possibly "it".</ref> with crossed<ref>S. ''vß gestreckten'': "outstretched".</ref> arms with the point<ref name="word-s"/> upon his<ref name="the-d"/> hands. And also conduct this play against him when he stands against you in the guard of the oxen.<ref>Sentence omitted from the Salzburg; instead, it segues into the [[Jud Lew|Pseudo-Peter von Danzig]] gloss of the same verse, describing how the Crooked hew breaks the Ox.</ref></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 024v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025r.png|1|lbl=25r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 024v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025r.png|1|lbl=25r|p=1}}
Line 559: Line 559:
 
| Crook whoever setz well<br/>&emsp;With stepping, he disrupts many hews.
 
| Crook whoever setz well<br/>&emsp;With stepping, he disrupts many hews.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is how you shall offset the over-hew with the crooked-hew; deploy the play thusly: When he cleaves-in above from his right side to the opening, so step with the right foot to his left side [verb]<ref>Likely a scribal error here, omitting a verb.</ref> above[sic] his sword, with the point upon the earth in the barrier-guard. Deploy this to both sides. You may also strike him to the head from the setting-aside.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is how you shall offset the over-hew with the crooked-hew; conduct the play thusly: When he cleaves-in above from his right side to the opening, so step with the right foot to his left side [verb]<ref>Likely a scribal error here, omitting a verb.</ref> above[sic] his sword, with the point upon the earth in the barrier-guard. Deploy this to both sides. You may also strike him to the head from the setting-aside.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025v.png|1|lbl=25v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025v.png|1|lbl=25v|p=1}}
Line 574: Line 574:
 
| Hew crooked to the flats of<br/>&emsp;The masters if you wish to weaken them.
 
| Hew crooked to the flats of<br/>&emsp;The masters if you wish to weaken them.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is when you wish to weaken a master, so deploy the play thusly: When he cleaves-in from his right side, so hew crooked with crossed hands against his hew onto his sword.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is when you wish to weaken a master, so conduct the play thusly: When he cleaves-in from his right side, so hew crooked with crossed hands against his hew onto his sword.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 025v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 665: Line 665:
 
| The thwart takes away<br/>&emsp;Whatever approaches from-the-roof.
 
| The thwart takes away<br/>&emsp;Whatever approaches from-the-roof.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, the thwart-hew breaks all hews which are hewn from above down; deploy the hew thusly: Stand with the left foot forwards and hold your sword on your right shoulder, and<ref>"Stand with… shoulder, and" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> when he cleaves-in [an] over[-hew] to your head, so spring well<ref name="word-d"/> with the right foot against him from the hew to his left side, and in the springing turn your sword with the hilt high in front of your head, such that your thumb comes under, and strike him with the short edge to his left side such that you catch his hew in your hilt, and hit him in the head (as is pictured here).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, the thwart-hew breaks all hews which are hewn from above down; conduct the hew thusly: Stand with the left foot forwards and hold your sword on your right shoulder, and<ref>"Stand with… shoulder, and" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> when he cleaves-in [an] over[-hew] to your head, so spring well<ref name="word-d"/> with the right foot against him from the hew to his left side, and in the springing turn your sword with the hilt high in front of your head, such that your thumb comes under, and strike him with the short edge to his left side such that you catch his hew in your hilt, and hit him in the head (as is pictured here).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 027r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 027v.png|1|lbl=27v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 027r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 027v.png|1|lbl=27v|p=1}}
Line 810: Line 810:
 
| The elbow wisely take<br/>&emsp;Spring to him in the scales.
 
| The elbow wisely take<br/>&emsp;Spring to him in the scales.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, you shall also deploy the play when you bind on his sword with an under- or over-hew. So invert your sword such that your thumb comes-under and thrust him above to the face. So you overwhelm him such that he must displace, and in the displacement, seize his right elbow with your left hand and spring with the left foot in front of his right, and shove him over (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-d"/> Or run-through with the inverter and wrestle, as you will find written<ref name="word-d"/> hereafter in the running-through.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, you shall also conduct the play when you bind on his sword with an under- or over-hew. So invert your sword such that your thumb comes-under and thrust him above to the face. So you overwhelm him such that he must displace, and in the displacement, seize his right elbow with your left hand and spring with the left foot in front of his right, and shove him over (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-d"/> Or run-through with the inverter and wrestle, as you will find written<ref name="word-d"/> hereafter in the running-through.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 030r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 030r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS E.1939.65.341|004r|jpg|lbl=04r}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS E.1939.65.341|004r|jpg|lbl=04r}}
Line 824: Line 824:
 
| Fail twice;<br/>&emsp;If one hits then make the cut with [it].
 
| Fail twice;<br/>&emsp;If one hits then make the cut with [it].
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, this is called the double failer for the reason that one shall deploy a double misleading in one onset. Deploy the first thusly: When you come to him with the onset, so spring with the right<ref name="word-d"/> foot against him and act as if you will strike with a thwart-strike to his left side to his head, and [then] steal-away the strike and strike in<ref>"And strike in" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> to his right side onto his head (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, this is called the double failer for the reason that one shall conduct a double misleading in one onset. Deploy the first thusly: When you come to him with the onset, so spring with the right<ref name="word-d"/> foot against him and act as if you will strike with a thwart-strike to his left side to his head, and [then] steal-away the strike and strike in<ref>"And strike in" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> to his right side onto his head (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 030v.png|1|lbl=30v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 030v.png|1|lbl=30v}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS E.1939.65.341|004v|jpg|lbl=04v}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS E.1939.65.341|004v|jpg|lbl=04v}}
Line 847: Line 847:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[File:MS E.1939.65.341 005v.jpg|300px|center]]
 
| [[File:MS E.1939.65.341 005v.jpg|300px|center]]
| <p>[50] {{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss of the squint-hew and of the plays: How a man shall deploy them}}</p>
+
| <p>[50] {{red|b=1|This is the text and the gloss of the squint-hew and of the plays: How a man shall conduct them}}</p>
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 856: Line 856:
 
| Whoever threatens to change,<br/>&emsp;The squinter robs him of it.
 
| Whoever threatens to change,<br/>&emsp;The squinter robs him of it.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note here<ref name="word-gr">Word omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.</ref> that the squinter is a hew which breaks-in<ref>Word is doubled in the Glasgow.</ref> the hews and thrusts of the buffalo ([one] who acquires<ref>''annehmen'': receive, accept, take up, assume, claim, obtain, etc.</ref> victory with power), and<ref name="word-r"/> deploy the hew thusly: When he cleaves-in above from his right side, so hew from your right against his hew into the weak of his sword,<ref>"Into the weak of his sword" omitted from the Rostock</ref> with the short edge [and] with up-right<ref>"Upright, elevated, straight, at a right angle"; Glasgow gives ''auff gerackten'', which may be a misspelling of pPvD's ''aus gestrackten'', "out-stretched".</ref> arms,<ref>"With up-right arms" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> and strike him upon his right shoulder;<ref>"And strike… right shoulder" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> so you strike and displace with each other and hit him with the hew<ref name="clause-dg"/> (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref>R. "pictured here".</ref><ref name="clause-d"/> If he changes-through, shoot with the hew long into his chest and<ref name="word-g">Word omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> also hew when he stands against you in the guard of the plow or when he will thrust you from below.<ref name="sentence-r"/></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note here<ref name="word-gr">Word omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.</ref> that the squinter is a hew which breaks-in<ref>Word is doubled in the Glasgow.</ref> the hews and thrusts of the buffalo ([one] who acquires<ref>''annehmen'': receive, accept, take up, assume, claim, obtain, etc.</ref> victory with power), and<ref name="word-r"/> conduct the hew thusly: When he cleaves-in above from his right side, so hew from your right against his hew into the weak of his sword,<ref>"Into the weak of his sword" omitted from the Rostock</ref> with the short edge [and] with up-right<ref>"Upright, elevated, straight, at a right angle"; Glasgow gives ''auff gerackten'', which may be a misspelling of pPvD's ''aus gestrackten'', "out-stretched".</ref> arms,<ref>"With up-right arms" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> and strike him upon his right shoulder;<ref>"And strike… right shoulder" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> so you strike and displace with each other and hit him with the hew<ref name="clause-dg"/> (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref>R. "pictured here".</ref><ref name="clause-d"/> If he changes-through, shoot with the hew long into his chest and<ref name="word-g">Word omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> also hew when he stands against you in the guard of the plow or when he will thrust you from below.<ref name="sentence-r"/></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 031r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 031v.png|1|lbl=31v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 031r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 031v.png|1|lbl=31v|p=1}}
Line 893: Line 893:
 
| Squint to the point<br/>&emsp;And take the neck without fear.
 
| Squint to the point<br/>&emsp;And take the neck without fear.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, the squinter breaks the long-point <sup>with a deceit of the visage</sup> and deploy it thusly: When he stands against you and holds the point against the face or against<ref name="word-dg">Word omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> the<ref name="word-g"/> chest from extended arms, so stand with the left foot forward and squint with the visage to his point,<ref>"To his point" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> and act as if you wish to hew to his point,<ref>"To his point" omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> and hew strongly onto his sword with the short edge, and with that, shoot the point long to his neck with a tread-in of the right foot (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-dr"/></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, the squinter breaks the long-point <sup>with a deceit of the visage</sup> and conduct it thusly: When he stands against you and holds the point against the face or against<ref name="word-dg">Word omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> the<ref name="word-g"/> chest from extended arms, so stand with the left foot forward and squint with the visage to his point,<ref>"To his point" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> and act as if you wish to hew to his point,<ref>"To his point" omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> and hew strongly onto his sword with the short edge, and with that, shoot the point long to his neck with a tread-in of the right foot (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-dr"/></p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 032r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 032r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS E.1939.65.341|006v|jpg|lbl=06v}}
 
| {{paget|Page:MS E.1939.65.341|006v|jpg|lbl=06v}}
Line 922: Line 922:
 
| The Parter<br/>&emsp;Is a danger to the face.<ref>R. includes couplet 64 with this gloss.</ref><br/><br/><br/>
 
| The Parter<br/>&emsp;Is a danger to the face.<ref>R. includes couplet 64 with this gloss.</ref><br/><br/><br/>
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}.<ref name="word-d"/> Here<ref name="word-gr"/> note the parter is really<ref name="word-d"/> dangerous to the face and to the chest;<ref name="sentence-r"/> deploy it<ref>R. ''denn Schaytler'': "the parter".</ref> thusly: When he stands against you in the guard [of] the<ref name="word-d"/> fool,<ref name="clause-r">Clause omitted from the Rostock.</ref> hew above with the long edge, down from your<ref>D. ''der lange'': "long, high, tall, or lofty".</ref> part to his head,<ref>"To his head" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> and with the hew remain high with the arms and if he displaces,<ref>"If he displaces" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> so hang-in<ref>''einhangen'': to adhere, stick to, cleave to, hold on to, engage deeply.</ref> to him with<ref name="word-gr"/> the point, with the long edge above his hilt, and thrust him<ref>"With the long… and thrust him" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> to the face (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}.<ref name="word-d"/> Here<ref name="word-gr"/> note the parter is really<ref name="word-d"/> dangerous to the face and to the chest;<ref name="sentence-r"/> conduct it<ref>R. ''denn Schaytler'': "the parter".</ref> thusly: When he stands against you in the guard [of] the<ref name="word-d"/> fool,<ref name="clause-r">Clause omitted from the Rostock.</ref> hew above with the long edge, down from your<ref>D. ''der lange'': "long, high, tall, or lofty".</ref> part to his head,<ref>"To his head" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> and with the hew remain high with the arms and if he displaces,<ref>"If he displaces" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> so hang-in<ref>''einhangen'': to adhere, stick to, cleave to, hold on to, engage deeply.</ref> to him with<ref name="word-gr"/> the point, with the long edge above his hilt, and thrust him<ref>"With the long… and thrust him" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.</ref> to the face (as stands pictured hereafter next to this).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 032v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 033r.png|1|lbl=33r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 032v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 033r.png|1|lbl=33r|p=1}}
Line 1,090: Line 1,090:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[68] And guard yourself from all displacements which the simple fencers deploy, and note when he hews, so you also hew; and when he thrusts, so thrust as well; and how you shall hew and thrust, you find that written in the five hews and in the setting-aside.</p>
+
| <p>[68] And guard yourself from all displacements which the simple fencers conduct, and note when he hews, so you also hew; and when he thrusts, so thrust as well; and how you shall hew and thrust, you find that written in the five hews and in the setting-aside.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 035r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 035r.png|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 010v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 010v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
Line 1,161: Line 1,161:
 
| Learn the racing-after,<br/>&emsp;Doubly or cut into the weapon<ref>Alternately: defense.</ref>
 
| Learn the racing-after,<br/>&emsp;Doubly or cut into the weapon<ref>Alternately: defense.</ref>
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note,<ref name="word-d"/> this is so that you shall learn the racings-after quite well, because they are dual,<ref name="clause-r"/> and<ref name="word-d"/> the first<ref name="word-r"/> deploy thusly:<ref name="word-d"/> when he wishes to cleave-in above him,<ref name="word-r"/> so note while he yanks up the sword to the strike, [and] race-after him with a strike,<ref>"A strike" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> a hew, or with a thrust, and hit him<ref>"And hit him" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> to the upper<ref name="word-r"/> opening before the moment<ref name="moment-d">"The moment" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> he descends<ref>D. ''wieder-kommen'': to meet, to encounter, to run into".</ref> with the hew, or fall with the long edge above him onto his arm and with that, press him from you.<ref>"Or fall… from you" omitted from the Rostock.</ref></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note,<ref name="word-d"/> this is so that you shall learn the racings-after quite well, because they are dual,<ref name="clause-r"/> and<ref name="word-d"/> the first<ref name="word-r"/> conduct thusly:<ref name="word-d"/> when he wishes to cleave-in above him,<ref name="word-r"/> so note while he yanks up the sword to the strike, [and] race-after him with a strike,<ref>"A strike" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> a hew, or with a thrust, and hit him<ref>"And hit him" omitted from the Rostock.</ref> to the upper<ref name="word-r"/> opening before the moment<ref name="moment-d">"The moment" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> he descends<ref>D. ''wieder-kommen'': to meet, to encounter, to run into".</ref> with the hew, or fall with the long edge above him onto his arm and with that, press him from you.<ref>"Or fall… from you" omitted from the Rostock.</ref></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 036v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 037r.png|1|lbl=37r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 036v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 037r.png|1|lbl=37r|p=1}}
Line 1,191: Line 1,191:
 
| And test the attacks,<br/>&emsp;Whether they are soft or hard.
 
| And test the attacks,<br/>&emsp;Whether they are soft or hard.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, the two outer-cattle-drives are the two racings-after upon the sword; deploy it thusly: When he mis-hews himself before you, race-after him. If he then displaces you, so remain with the sword upon his and test whether he is soft or hard with the attack. If he then, with the sword, lifts that of yours upwards with strength, then extend your sword outside over that of his and thrust to his low opening.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, the two outer-cattle-drives are the two racings-after upon the sword; conduct it thusly: When he mis-hews himself before you, race-after him. If he then displaces you, so remain with the sword upon his and test whether he is soft or hard with the attack. If he then, with the sword, lifts that of yours upwards with strength, then extend your sword outside over that of his and thrust to his low opening.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 037v.png|1|lbl=37v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 037v.png|1|lbl=37v}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,318: Line 1,318:
 
| Whoever binds upon you,<br/>&emsp;The Changing-through finds him swiftly.<ref>''Schier'' has the sense of approaching quickly and closely.</ref>
 
| Whoever binds upon you,<br/>&emsp;The Changing-through finds him swiftly.<ref>''Schier'' has the sense of approaching quickly and closely.</ref>
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is so that you shall learn the changing-through well, and deploy it thusly: When you cleave-in or thrust to him in the onset, if he will<ref name="word-g"/> then bind on the sword with a hew or with a displacement, allow the point under his sword and slip through, and with that, thrust-in to him violently at the other side, thus you find the opening upon him swiftly (as stands pictured).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is so that you shall learn the changing-through well, and conduct it thusly: When you cleave-in or thrust to him in the onset, if he will<ref name="word-g"/> then bind on the sword with a hew or with a displacement, allow the point under his sword and slip through, and with that, thrust-in to him violently at the other side, thus you find the opening upon him swiftly (as stands pictured).<ref name="clause-d"/></p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 040v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 040v.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
Line 1,482: Line 1,482:
 
| Four are the cuts:<br/>&emsp;With two below, two above.
 
| Four are the cuts:<br/>&emsp;With two below, two above.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, there are four cuts; deploy the first thusly: when he runs-in and drives up high with the arms, and will<ref name="word-g"/> overpower you above against your left side with strength,<ref>"With strength" omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> so twist your sword and fall<ref name="far-g">G. ''far'': "drive".</ref> under his hilt, into his arms with the long edge with crossed hands, and press-upward with the cut (as stands pictured next to this);<ref name="clause-d"/> or, if he runs-in against your right side, fall<ref name="far-g"/> into his arm with the short edge and press upwards as before.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, there are four cuts; conduct the first thusly: when he runs-in and drives up high with the arms, and will<ref name="word-g"/> overpower you above against your left side with strength,<ref>"With strength" omitted from the Glasgow.</ref> so twist your sword and fall<ref name="far-g">G. ''far'': "drive".</ref> under his hilt, into his arms with the long edge with crossed hands, and press-upward with the cut (as stands pictured next to this);<ref name="clause-d"/> or, if he runs-in against your right side, fall<ref name="far-g"/> into his arm with the short edge and press upwards as before.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 044v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 045r.png|1|lbl=45r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 044v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 045r.png|1|lbl=45r|p=1}}
Line 1,502: Line 1,502:
 
| <p>[99] {{red|b=1|This is the over-cut}}<ref>D. "Yet another cut".</ref></p>
 
| <p>[99] {{red|b=1|This is the over-cut}}<ref>D. "Yet another cut".</ref></p>
  
<p>Item.<ref name="word-r"/> Note,<ref name="word-d"/> deploy the cut thusly: when one binds on the sword against your left side, and<ref name="word-r"/> he then<ref>"He then" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> strikes around from the sword to the right side (with the thwart or otherwise),<ref name="clause-r"/> so spring from the hew with the left foot to his right side, and fall with the long edge above over both arms and press him from you (as stands pictured here).<ref>"And press… pictured here" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> Deploy this to both sides.<ref name="sentence-r"/></p>
+
<p>Item.<ref name="word-r"/> Note,<ref name="word-d"/> conduct the cut thusly: when one binds on the sword against your left side, and<ref name="word-r"/> he then<ref>"He then" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> strikes around from the sword to the right side (with the thwart or otherwise),<ref name="clause-r"/> so spring from the hew with the left foot to his right side, and fall with the long edge above over both arms and press him from you (as stands pictured here).<ref>"And press… pictured here" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> Deploy this to both sides.<ref name="sentence-r"/></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 045v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046r.png|1|lbl=46r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 045v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046r.png|1|lbl=46r|p=1}}
Line 1,517: Line 1,517:
 
| Turn the edge<br/>&emsp;To flatten; press the hands.
 
| Turn the edge<br/>&emsp;To flatten; press the hands.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note,<ref name="word-d"/> this is when you come in your running-in with the under-cut below<ref name="word-d"/> into his arm (such that your point goes out against his<ref>G. "your".</ref> right side): so with that,<ref>"With that" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> press firmly upwards with the cut,<ref>"With the cut" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> and amid the pressing spring with the left foot to his right side, and turn your sword with the long edge above over his arms (such that your point goes-out against his left side), and with that, press his arm from you.<ref name="clause-ag">Clause omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> Thus have you transformed the under-cut into the over; deploy this to both sides.<ref name="sentence-d"/></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note,<ref name="word-d"/> this is when you come in your running-in with the under-cut below<ref name="word-d"/> into his arm (such that your point goes out against his<ref>G. "your".</ref> right side): so with that,<ref>"With that" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> press firmly upwards with the cut,<ref>"With the cut" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> and amid the pressing spring with the left foot to his right side, and turn your sword with the long edge above over his arms (such that your point goes-out against his left side), and with that, press his arm from you.<ref name="clause-ag">Clause omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> Thus have you transformed the under-cut into the over; conduct this to both sides.<ref name="sentence-d"/></p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 020r.jpg|1|lbl=20r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 020r.jpg|1|lbl=20r}}
Line 1,535: Line 1,535:
 
| In every drive,<br/>&emsp;Hew, thrust, leaguer; soft or hard.
 
| In every drive,<br/>&emsp;Hew, thrust, leaguer; soft or hard.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, there are two hangings from one hand and from one side from the earth; deploy it thusly: When you bind onto his sword against your left side with the lower setting-aside, so hang your sword's<ref name="word-g"/> pommel against the earth, and thrust-up to him from below out of the hanging to the face. If he then shoves your point upward with the displacing, so remain thusly upon the sword and also<ref name="word-d"/> drive up with him,<ref>"With him" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> and hang the point from above down to the face, and in the two hangings you shall swiftly deploy hew, thrust, and cut [with] every drive. Thereafter, as you [are] in the binding-on of the sword, with that, perceive (or test)<ref>"Or test" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> whether he is soft or hard. (The hangings from both sides, this is the plow from both sides.)<ref name="sentence-ad">Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.</ref></p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note, there are two hangings from one hand and from one side from the earth; conduct it thusly: When you bind onto his sword against your left side with the lower setting-aside, so hang your sword's<ref name="word-g"/> pommel against the earth, and thrust-up to him from below out of the hanging to the face. If he then shoves your point upward with the displacing, so remain thusly upon the sword and also<ref name="word-d"/> drive up with him,<ref>"With him" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> and hang the point from above down to the face, and in the two hangings you shall swiftly conduct hew, thrust, and cut [with] every drive. Thereafter, as you [are] in the binding-on of the sword, with that, perceive (or test)<ref>"Or test" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> whether he is soft or hard. (The hangings from both sides, this is the plow from both sides.)<ref name="sentence-ad">Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.</ref></p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046v.png|1|lbl=46v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 046v.png|1|lbl=46v|p=1}}
Line 1,559: Line 1,559:
 
| If you have correct understanding,<br/>&emsp;He may barely come to strikes.
 
| If you have correct understanding,<br/>&emsp;He may barely come to strikes.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note,<ref name="word-ag">Word omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> this called the speaking-window: when he binds you on the sword with hews or<ref>A. "and".</ref> with<ref name="word-ad">Word omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.</ref> displacing, so remain strong from extended arms with the long edge upon the sword, with the point in front of the face, and stand freely and seek out his thing (whatever he will deploy against you).</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. Note,<ref name="word-ag">Word omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> this called the speaking-window: when he binds you on the sword with hews or<ref>A. "and".</ref> with<ref name="word-ad">Word omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.</ref> displacing, so remain strong from extended arms with the long edge upon the sword, with the point in front of the face, and stand freely and seek out his thing (whatever he will conduct against you).</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 047r.png|1|lbl=47r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 047r.png|1|lbl=47r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 020v.jpg|1|lbl=20v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 020v.jpg|1|lbl=20v}}
Line 1,602: Line 1,602:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[107] {{red|b=1|Here note how you shall stand in the long-point and what plays you shall deploy from it}}</p>
+
| <p>[107] {{red|b=1|Here note how you shall stand in the long-point and what plays you shall conduct from it}}</p>
  
 
<p>Item.<ref name="word-dg"/> Note,<ref>D. ''Mörck Ee'': "Note, before".</ref> when you come just near<ref>"just near" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> to him with the onset: so set your left foot forward before when he binds you on the sword,<ref>"When he… the sword" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> and hold your<ref>A., D. "the".</ref> point long with<ref name="word-ad"/> extended arms against the face or against<ref name="word-ad"/> the chest. If he then hews-in from above<ref>D. "hews from above to below".</ref> to your head, so wind against his hew with the sword and thrust into his face.</p>
 
<p>Item.<ref name="word-dg"/> Note,<ref>D. ''Mörck Ee'': "Note, before".</ref> when you come just near<ref>"just near" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> to him with the onset: so set your left foot forward before when he binds you on the sword,<ref>"When he… the sword" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> and hold your<ref>A., D. "the".</ref> point long with<ref name="word-ad"/> extended arms against the face or against<ref name="word-ad"/> the chest. If he then hews-in from above<ref>D. "hews from above to below".</ref> to your head, so wind against his hew with the sword and thrust into his face.</p>
Line 1,632: Line 1,632:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[110] {{red|b=1|Or}}<ref name="word-ad"/> if he runs-in, so deploy the cut or await<ref name="word-d"/> the wrestling.</p>
+
| <p>[110] {{red|b=1|Or}}<ref name="word-ad"/> if he runs-in, so conduct the cut or await<ref name="word-d"/> the wrestling.</p>
  
 
<p>'''Watch that it does not fail you.'''<ref name="sentence-ag">Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref></p>
 
<p>'''Watch that it does not fail you.'''<ref name="sentence-ag">Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref></p>
Line 1,669: Line 1,669:
 
| And test the drives [for]<br/>&emsp;Nothing more than soft or hard.
 
| And test the drives [for]<br/>&emsp;Nothing more than soft or hard.
 
|}
 
|}
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is a lesson, therein the art of<ref>"Art of" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> the record is skillfully understood.<ref>A., D. "shortened for you to understand".</ref> It is taught thusly so that you shall be quite well<ref>"Quite well" omitted from the Augsburg.</ref> practiced and accomplished<ref>Dresden reverses these.</ref> in the art. Also, so that you can appropriately command any attack and play<ref>"Also so that… play" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> according to that which you fence with, so that you therefore correctly<ref name="word-d"/> know to deploy your break against his plays, so that you may work with three wounders from each particular break.</p>
+
<p>{{red|b=1|Gloss}}. This is a lesson, therein the art of<ref>"Art of" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> the record is skillfully understood.<ref>A., D. "shortened for you to understand".</ref> It is taught thusly so that you shall be quite well<ref>"Quite well" omitted from the Augsburg.</ref> practiced and accomplished<ref>Dresden reverses these.</ref> in the art. Also, so that you can appropriately command any attack and play<ref>"Also so that… play" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> according to that which you fence with, so that you therefore correctly<ref name="word-d"/> know to conduct your break against his plays, so that you may work with three wounders from each particular break.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 123v.png|1|lbl=123v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 124r.png|1|lbl=124r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 123v.png|1|lbl=123v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 124r.png|1|lbl=124r|p=1}}
Line 1,678: Line 1,678:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[112] {{red|b=1|Item}}.<ref name="word-ad"/> You shall also properly hang upon the sword and from the hangings you shall bring eight windings, and you shall also consider and properly estimate<ref>''wägen'': "to have weight, to lay on a scale, to estimate"; it has a bunch of other senses that are provocative to the action at hand, such as: "to poise, balance, to stir up or agitate, to incite a response", but there's not enough in the text to make it a defensible choice.</ref><ref>"And properly estimate" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> the windings, so that you know to deploy which one of the said three.</p>
+
| <p>[112] {{red|b=1|Item}}.<ref name="word-ad"/> You shall also properly hang upon the sword and from the hangings you shall bring eight windings, and you shall also consider and properly estimate<ref>''wägen'': "to have weight, to lay on a scale, to estimate"; it has a bunch of other senses that are provocative to the action at hand, such as: "to poise, balance, to stir up or agitate, to incite a response", but there's not enough in the text to make it a defensible choice.</ref><ref>"And properly estimate" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> the windings, so that you know to conduct which one of the said three.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 124r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 124r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 021r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 021r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
Line 1,686: Line 1,686:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[113] {{red|b=1|Here note how you shall deploy the hangings and the windings}}</p>
+
| <p>[113] {{red|b=1|Here note how you shall conduct the hangings and the windings}}</p>
  
<p>Item.<ref name="word-d"/> Understand it thusly: there are four bindings-on of the sword, two over and<ref name="word-a"/> two under. You shall only deploy two particular windings from each binding-on of the sword.<ref>"The sword" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref></p>
+
<p>Item.<ref name="word-d"/> Understand it thusly: there are four bindings-on of the sword, two over and<ref name="word-a"/> two under. You shall only conduct two particular windings from each binding-on of the sword.<ref>"The sword" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref></p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 124r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 124r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 021v.jpg|1|lbl=21v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 021v.jpg|1|lbl=21v}}
Line 1,717: Line 1,717:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
|  
 
|  
| <p>[116] {{red|b=1|Item.<ref name="word-a"/> Now you shall know}} that you shall also deploy four windings from the two under-bindings-on with all attacks, as from the over[-bindings-on]. Thus the windings, over and under, become eight. And<ref name="word-g"/> remember that you shall deploy one particular hew, or<ref name="word-ag"/> one<ref name="word-d"/> cut, or<ref>D. "and"; omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> one thrust, from each winding. And<ref name="word-ag"/> this is called the<ref name="word-ag"/> three wounders. From those, one can and shall<ref>"And shall" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> deploy them from the eight windings into twenty-four instances. And you shall properly learn to deploy the eight windings from both sides, so that you step in<ref>"You step towards" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> with each winding,<ref>D. "wounder".</ref> and you test his attack, no more than<ref name="word-ag"/> if he is soft or hard upon the sword. And when you have sensed these two things, deploy the play into the winding which is called for. Whenever you do not do this, you become struck by all windings.</p>
+
| <p>[116] {{red|b=1|Item.<ref name="word-a"/> Now you shall know}} that you shall also conduct four windings from the two under-bindings-on with all attacks, as from the over[-bindings-on]. Thus the windings, over and under, become eight. And<ref name="word-g"/> remember that you shall conduct one particular hew, or<ref name="word-ag"/> one<ref name="word-d"/> cut, or<ref>D. "and"; omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> one thrust, from each winding. And<ref name="word-ag"/> this is called the<ref name="word-ag"/> three wounders. From those, one can and shall<ref>"And shall" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.</ref> conduct them from the eight windings into twenty-four instances. And you shall properly learn to conduct the eight windings from both sides, so that you step in<ref>"You step towards" omitted from the Dresden.</ref> with each winding,<ref>D. "wounder".</ref> and you test his attack, no more than<ref name="word-ag"/> if he is soft or hard upon the sword. And when you have sensed these two things, conduct the play into the winding which is called for. Whenever you do not do this, you become struck by all windings.</p>
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 048r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 048v.png|1|lbl=48v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 048r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 048v.png|1|lbl=48v|p=1}}
Line 2,081: Line 2,081:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>7</small>
 
| <small>7</small>
| Then you should close<br/>&emsp;to wisely deploy blocks
+
| Then you should close<br/>&emsp;to wisely conduct blocks
 
|}
 
|}
 
<p>When you stab and he sets aside and loosens himself from the bind, then follow quickly with the point. Strike him with it. Then press [push] him in that way back. If he now wishes to flee backwards before the stab and turns aside close to you. Then run in on this side and grip him with such wrestleing grips and arm breaks, just as you find described in the following.</p>
 
<p>When you stab and he sets aside and loosens himself from the bind, then follow quickly with the point. Strike him with it. Then press [push] him in that way back. If he now wishes to flee backwards before the stab and turns aside close to you. Then run in on this side and grip him with such wrestleing grips and arm breaks, just as you find described in the following.</p>

Revision as of 19:54, 10 September 2017

Sigmund ain Ringeck
Period 15th century
Occupation Fencing master
Nationality German
Patron Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria
Movement Fellowship of Liechtenauer
Influences Johannes Liechtenauer
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Tobler, 2001
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

Sigmund ain Ringeck (Sigmund ain Ringeck, Sigmund Amring, Sigmund Einring, Sigmund Schining) was a 15th century German fencing master. While the meaning of the name "Schining" (assigned him by Hans Medel) is uncertain, the suffix "ein Ringeck" may indicate that he came from the Rhineland region of south-eastern Germany. He is named in the text as Schirmaister to Albrecht, Count Palatine of Rhine and Duke of Bavaria. This may signify Schirrmeister, a logistical officer charged with overseeing the wagons and horse-drawn artillery pieces, or potentially Schirmmeister, a title used by lower-class itinerant fencing masters in the Medieval period.[1] Apart from his service to the duke, the only thing that can be determined about his life is that he was connected in some way to the tradition of Johannes Liechtenauer—his name was included by Paulus Kal in his roll of members of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer in ca. 1470.[2]

The identity of Ringeck's patron remains unclear, as four men named Albrecht ruled Bavaria during the fifteenth century; assuming that Ringeck was a personal student of Johannes Liechtenauer further narrows the list down to just two. If the MS 3227a is correctly dated to 1389, then Liechtenauer was a 14th century master and Ringeck's patron was Albrecht I, who reigned from 1353 to 1404. If, on the other hand, Liechtenauer was an early 15th century master (an associate of H. Beringer) and the Fellowship of Liechtenauer was assembled to fight in the Hussite Wars of the 1420s and 30s, then Ringeck's patron would have been Albrecht III, who carried the title from 1438 to 1460.[3] Albrecht IV claimed the title in 1460 and thus also could have been Ringeck's patron; this would probably signify that Ringeck was not a direct student of Liechtenauer at all, but a later inheritor of the tradition. That said, Albrecht IV lived until 1508 and so the Dresden, Glasgow, and Salzburg manuscripts were likely created during his reign.

Ringeck is often erroneously credited as the author of the MS Dresd.C.487. Ringeck was indeed the author of one of the core texts, a complete gloss of Liechtenauer's Recital on unarmored long sword fencing. However, the remainder of the manuscript contains an assortment of treatises by several different masters in the tradition, and it is currently thought to have been composed in the early 16th century[4] (putting it after the master's presumed lifetime). Regardless, the fact that he authored one of the few glosses of the Recital makes Ringeck one of the most important masters of the Liechtenauer tradition.

Stemma

While there are four texts commonly attributed to Ringeck, glosses of the three sections of the Recital of Johannes Liechtenauer (long sword fencing, short sword fencing, and fencing from horseback) as well as an addendum to the long sword material covering fencing from a low guard called side guard or iron gate, only the long sword gloss actually bears his name. The others are associated with Ringeck largely due to the previously mentioned misattribution of the entire MS Dresd.C.487 (Dresden), but this is not an entirely unreasonable attribution to make considering the other two glosses are always accompanied by Ringeck's long sword. All three glosses seem to be based on those of the anonymous author known as "pseudo-Peter von Danzig", which are attested from the 1450s; it is also possible that Ringeck and pseudo-Danzig were the same person, and the gloss found below is simply the only branch of the larger stemma that retained its attribution (though that can't be demonstrated with existing information).

Compared to the pseudo-Danzig gloss, Ringeck's descriptions are often slightly shorter and contain fewer variations; Ringeck does, however, include a number of unique plays not discussed in the other. Unlike the 15th century versions of pseudo-Danzig, Ringeck's long sword gloss was probably extensively illustrated: both the MS E.1939.65.341 (Glasgow) and MS Var.82 (Rostock) frequently refer readers to these illustrations, and it appears that the Dresden's scribe attempted to remove all such references as he copied it (one remains intact,[5] one merely dropped the word "pictured",[6] and one was inexplicably replaced by the word "gloss"[7]).

Provisional stemma codicum for Ringeck

The earliest extant version of Ringeck's gloss (apart from the segments that are identical with the pseudo-Danzig) consists of just eight paragraphs added by Hans von Speyer as addenda to certain sections of the pseudo-Danzig gloss in his 1491 manuscript M.I.29 (Salzburg).[8] A ninth paragraph was integrated by Speyer into pseudo-Danzig's introduction to the Krumphaw, so that Ringeck's explanation of how to use the Krump as a counter-cut compliments pseudo-Danzig's explanation of how to use it to break the guard Ochs.

The early 16th century saw three more versions created, two containing substantial portions of the text. Dresden, which has been by far the subject of the most previous research, has been dated by watermark analysis to 1504-19,[4] and thus was likely created in or shortly after that time-frame. It is the most extensive version of Ringeck's work, but unfortunately it also seems to be a hasty, error-ridden copy with frequent deletions, insertions, spelling errors, word confusion, and critical omissions (including key words like subjects and verbs, and even whole lines of verse); the majority of paragraphs also seem to have been shortened or truncated, most references to Ringeck's illustrations have been dropped (as detailed above), and the text stops abruptly in the middle of gloss of the mounted fencing verses.

The 1508[9] Glasgow, in contrast, is written in a clear and tidy hand and its long sword gloss includes 31 painted, if somewhat low-grade, illustrations (presumably copies of the originals). Its text is generally longer than equivalent passages in the Dresden, including additional information and variations, but like the Dresden it appears to be incomplete in its present form: the first 39 paragraphs of the long sword gloss from the Dresden have no equivalent in the extant manuscript, which begins in the middle of the Twerhaw, and only the first 6 paragraphs of the short sword gloss are included before the manuscript switches to the pseudo-Danzig gloss for the remainder of the verses. On the other hand, it contains the full gloss of the mounted fencing verse, including the half missing from the Dresden.

The third version from this period is another fragment, published by Freifechter Andre Paurñfeyndt in 1516 as part of his treatise Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey ("Foundation of the Chivalric Art of Swordplay")[10] and containing only the material on fencing from low guards; in characteristic fashion, Paurñfeyndt does not attribute this material to Ringeck. The section is illustrated by the same crude woodblock art as the rest of his book, though their connection to Ringeck's original text is doubtful. (Paurñfeyndt's text would be reprinted by Christian Egenolff four times between 1531 and 1558,[11] transcribed by Lienhart Sollinger into the Cod. I.6.2º.2 in 1564,[12] and translated to Walloon and printed by Willem Vorsterman in 1538.[13])

The remaining two versions of Ringeck's text come from later in the 16th century. In 1553, Paulus Hector Mair produced the Reichstadt Nr. 82 (Augsburg) based on the papers of the late master Antonius Rast.[14] Included in this manuscript was a version of the pseudo-Danzig long sword gloss that is largely complete up to couplet 95 of the Recital where, with no explanation, it switches over to Ringeck's gloss for the remainder of the text (speculatively, perhaps the rest of Rast's copy of Ringeck was not among the papers Mair purchased, so he attempted to fill the gap using the copy of pseudo-Danzig that he already possessed).

The final version, Rostock, is third substantial one (along with Dresden and Glasgow); it was probably created in the 1560s and was owned by Freifechter Joachim Meÿer until his death in 1571.[15] It contains nearly all of Ringeck's presumed gloss of the short sword verses, but only an abbreviated (thought still extensive) version of the long sword gloss. Rostock's long sword gloss only includes key passages and omits most of the follow-on plays to each of the Haupstucke, and also omits the entire section on fencing from the low guards; like Glasgow it directs readers to consult Ringeck's illustrations, but unlike Glasgow these illustrations were never added to the manuscript (nor was room left for them).

All six extant versions of Ringeck's gloss are thus fragmentary, but enough text remains in each to demonstrate a lack of interdependence (apart from Augsburg, which could conceivably derive from Glasgow if the scribe were particularly careless). Each of the other five manuscripts has a unique constellation of plays which can be authenticated from other versions as a group, but do not match any other single version to have been copied from it. All appear therefore to proceed separately from the lost original, unless we suppose that someone gathered up multiple copies to compile a new one (but even that supposition could only account for Rostock, not the others).

Due to the fragmentary nature of the stemma at the moment and the lack of anything resembling an autograph or archetype, for the long sword translation below all versions were treated as co-authoritative: whenever feasible the longest sample was given preference, and the differences between versions detailed in the footnotes.

(A final text of interest is the 1539 treatise of Hans Medel von Salzburg,[16] which was acquired by Mair and bound into the Cod. I.6.2º.5 after 1566.[17] Medel demonstrates familiarity with the teachings of a variety of 15th century Liechtenauer masters, including pseudo-Danzig and Hans Seydenfaden von Erfurt, but his text primarily takes the form of a revision and expansion of Ringeck's long sword gloss. While enough of Ringeck's original text survives Medel's editing that it too can be shown to not derive from any other surviving manuscript, the amount of unique and altered content is such that it is not included in the concordance below, nor used in the translation.)

Treatise

Additional Resources

  • Lindholm, David and Svard, Peter. Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Art of the Longsword. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2003. ISBN 978-1-58160-410-8
  • Lindholm, David and Svard, Peter. Sigmund Ringeck's Knightly Arts of Combat: Sword-and-Buckler Fighting, Wrestling, and Fighting in Armor. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2006. ISBN 978-1-58160-499-3
  • Tobler, Christian Henry. Secrets of German Medieval Swordsmanship. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2001. ISBN 1-891448-07-2
  • Wierschin, Martin. Meister Johann Liechtenauers Kunst des Fechtens. München: Beck, 1965.
  • Żabiński, Grzegorz. The Longsword Teachings of Master Liechtenauer. The Early Sixteenth Century Swordsmanship Comments in the "Goliath" Manuscript. Poland: Adam Marshall, 2010. ISBN 978-83-7611-662-4

References

  1. Jens P. Kleinau. "Schirrmeister, Schermeister, Schirmmeister". Hans Talhoffer ~ A Historical Martial Arts blog by Jens P. Kleinau], 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  2. The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. For a different perspective, see Christian Henry Tobler. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Werner J. Hoffmann. "Mscr.Dresd.C.487: Siegmund am Ringeck, Fechtlehre". Tiefenerschließung und Digitalisierung der deutschsprachigen mittelalterlichen Handschriften der Sächsischen Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek (SLUB) Dresden. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  5. Dresden fol. 31r.
  6. Dresden fol. 20r.
  7. Dresden fol. 27r.
  8. MS M.I.29 is signed and internally dated on folio 158r.
  9. MS E.1939.65.341 is internally dated on folio 22r.
  10. Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey is internally dated on page K4r.
  11. The first three printings of Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche Kunst are undated, but the first edition must have been produced between 1531, when Egenolff set up his shop in Frankfurt-am-Main, and Hans Weiditz' death in 1537; the second and third editions were released some time before Egenolff's own death in 1555. The only dated edition was published by Egenolff's heirs in 1558 (see page XLVIIv).
  12. The material in Cod. I.6.2º.2 based on Paurñfeyndt is internally dated on folio 71r
  13. La noble science des ioueurs d'espee is internally dated on page 35v.
  14. The origin of Reichstadt Nr. 82 is detailed on folio IIr.
  15. The only date, 1570, is given on folio 123 (between the first and second sections of Meyer's rapier text); the rest of the manuscript shows a few different hands and was likely compiled prior to its acquisition by Meyer. See Joachim Meyer. The Art of Combat. A German Martial Arts Treatise of 1570. Trans. Jeffrey L. Forgeng. London: Frontline Books, 2014. pp 32-33.
  16. Medel's section of the Cod. I.6.2º.5 is internally dated on folio 21r.
  17. The record of the Marxbrüder in the manuscript ends on folio 20r with the year 1566, so Mair couldn't have acquired it before then.
  18. 18.00 18.01 18.02 18.03 18.04 18.05 18.06 18.07 18.08 18.09 18.10 18.11 18.12 18.13 18.14 18.15 18.16 18.17 18.18 18.19 18.20 18.21 18.22 18.23 18.24 18.25 18.26 18.27 18.28 18.29 18.30 18.31 18.32 18.33 18.34 18.35 18.36 18.37 18.38 18.39 18.40 18.41 18.42 18.43 18.44 18.45 18.46 18.47 18.48 18.49 18.50 18.51 18.52 18.53 18.54 18.55 18.56 18.57 18.58 18.59 18.60 18.61 Word omitted from the Dresden.
  19. "Known as" omitted from the Dresden.
  20. D. schirmaiste~, R. schiermeister.
  21. Count Palatine
  22. Duke
  23. "and pictured" omitted from the Dresden.
  24. Corrected from »am«.
  25. 25.0 25.1 25.2 Line omitted from the Dresden.
  26. lit: hastening. hasten, maturare, accelerare, see Grimm
  27. alt: instruction
  28. D. Zeck: Tick; R. Zeckruhr: Insect bites.
  29. Possibly "strongly desire to conduct".
  30. 30.0 30.1 "Note, this is" omitted from the Dresden.
  31. "You shall" omitted from the Rostock.
  32. Lit: "Before the moment he comes with his to you".
  33. wiederhalten: lit. "hold against"; to withstand, resist.
  34. Alternately: weapons.
  35. D. Wer dz wäre: "Whoever defends these".
  36. Alternately: avow, legally promise.
  37. Possibly "wages".
  38. Lit: "hew other hews".
  39. "In the same five hews" omitted from the Rostock.
  40. ober is an adjective, oben is an adverb.
  41. R. "the".
  42. 42.00 42.01 42.02 42.03 42.04 42.05 42.06 42.07 42.08 42.09 42.10 42.11 42.12 42.13 42.14 42.15 42.16 42.17 42.18 42.19 42.20 42.21 42.22 42.23 42.24 42.25 42.26 42.27 42.28 42.29 42.30 42.31 42.32 42.33 42.34 42.35 42.36 42.37 42.38 42.39 42.40 42.41 42.42 42.43 42.44 42.45 Clause omitted from the Dresden.
  43. 43.0 43.1 "This is" omitted from the Dresden.
  44. abrucken: "removere" (remove), "absetzen" (offset).
  45. D. wider[sic]: "again".
  46. 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 46.4 46.5 D. "the".
  47. D. bind: "bind-in".
  48. R. Jun ger [sic].
  49. R. dem krieg: "the war".
  50. D. hurten: "to rush".
  51. "The hew, or thrust, or cut" omitted from the Dresden.
  52. "Nor thrust… cut" omitted from the Rostock.
  53. 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 Sentence omitted from the Rostock.
  54. 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.5 54.6 54.7 54.8 Word omitted from the Rostock.
  55. 55.00 55.01 55.02 55.03 55.04 55.05 55.06 55.07 55.08 55.09 55.10 55.11 Word omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  56. Alternately: ponder, weigh, calculate, estimate, consider.
  57. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 17rv
  58. Alternately: avenge, take full legal retribution.
  59. Alternately: straight, upright, properly.
  60. D. schüczen, R. behuetẽ.
  61. Rostock hews off at this point and picks up in the middle of the sixth subsequent play, probably indicating a missing page.
  62. Alternately: part, piece.
  63. aufkrummen: Lat. sursum torquere, twist, turn or bend up; twist, turn, bend, or cast back; avert, deflect .
  64. 64.0 64.1 64.2 64.3 64.4 Word omitted from the Salzburg.
  65. Sic, lit. "your".
  66. "The opening" omitted from the Salzburg.
  67. S. "the over- or under-hew".
  68. Possibly "it".
  69. S. vß gestreckten: "outstretched".
  70. Sentence omitted from the Salzburg; instead, it segues into the Pseudo-Peter von Danzig gloss of the same verse, describing how the Crooked hew breaks the Ox.
  71. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 18v
  72. Likely a scribal error here, omitting a verb.
  73. Rostock begins again at this point.
  74. "Cut" omitted from the Dresden.
  75. S. "Item".
  76. 76.0 76.1 Paragraphs 34 and 35 are substantially similar and are likely based on the same original text. However, they contain significant differences in the beginning of the device and it is unclear which represents the original version; the version found in Rostock and Salzburg appears to combine elements of this device with that of paragraph 33 (which they omit), but since Salzburg is the oldest known copy, it may be that the creator of the Dresden decided to split it up into two paragraphs himself. In this compilation, the two versions are displayed separately, fir that of the Rostock and Salzburg (34) and then that of the Dresden (35).
  77. S. "if".
  78. S. "his".
  79. S. "the".
  80. S. "where he shall guard himself".
  81. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), ff 20v-21r
  82. D. has the word "Gloss" here; this appears to be a scribal error, as it corresponds to the position of the phrase "as is pictured here-after" in the Rostock, and all instances of that phrase were removed by the scribe of the Dresden.
  83. "Komp" added below the line in a different hand.
  84. "Stand with… shoulder, and" omitted from the Dresden.
  85. D. "thwart".
  86. 86.0 86.1 Alternately, wiederhalten: to struggle or resist.
  87. Word omitted from the Glasgow, the Rostock, and the Salzburg.
  88. "Or otherwise" omitted from the Salzburg.
  89. "-Cut" omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Rostock.
  90. Clause omitted from the Dresden; struck out in the Rostock.
  91. 91.0 91.1 Clause omitted from the Dresden and the Rostock.
  92. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), f 21v
  93. R. "wind".
  94. "With the over-hew" omitted from the Glasgow.
  95. R. unternn: "lower".
  96. "Next to" omitted from the Rostock.
  97. Glasgow adds albeg: "always, continually".
  98. Or "connects"; alternately: rouses, stirs (ostensibly your opponent).
  99. "This is" omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.
  100. "Will strike" omitted from the Dresden.
  101. G. twerhaw: "thwart-hew".
  102. R. "wind".
  103. "Or left" omitted from the Glasgow.
  104. Everything from "and steal away" to the end of the sentence is omitted from the Dresden.
  105. Alternately: to turn around.
  106. "And strike in" omitted from the Dresden.
  107. D. "is".
  108. G. inserts "so with that take the cut under his arms and" here, but this seems to be a mistake (based on the fact that it's not possible).
  109. 109.0 109.1 D. "right".
  110. D. mit auß: "with from".
  111. As a thief would break into a house.
  112. 112.0 112.1 112.2 112.3 Word omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.
  113. Word is doubled in the Glasgow.
  114. annehmen: receive, accept, take up, assume, claim, obtain, etc.
  115. "Into the weak of his sword" omitted from the Rostock
  116. "Upright, elevated, straight, at a right angle"; Glasgow gives auff gerackten, which may be a misspelling of pPvD's aus gestrackten, "out-stretched".
  117. "With up-right arms" omitted from the Rostock.
  118. "And strike… right shoulder" omitted from the Rostock.
  119. 119.0 119.1 119.2 Clause omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  120. R. "pictured here".
  121. 121.00 121.01 121.02 121.03 121.04 121.05 121.06 121.07 121.08 121.09 121.10 121.11 121.12 121.13 121.14 121.15 121.16 121.17 121.18 121.19 121.20 121.21 121.22 121.23 121.24 121.25 121.26 121.27 121.28 Word omitted from the Glasgow.
  122. Corrected from »seiner«.
  123. S. bestetigstu: "to plant".
  124. G. abent: "evening", clearly an error; Medel: anwinden: "winding-upon".
  125. "To his point" omitted from the Rostock.
  126. "To his point" omitted from the Glasgow.
  127. R. includes couplet 64 with this gloss.
  128. R. denn Schaytler: "the parter".
  129. 129.0 129.1 129.2 129.3 Clause omitted from the Rostock.
  130. D. der lange: "long, high, tall, or lofty".
  131. "To his head" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  132. "If he displaces" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  133. einhangen: to adhere, stick to, cleave to, hold on to, engage deeply.
  134. "With the long… and thrust him" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  135. Kehr has two etymologies: one is "to turn", the other is "to sweep away" or to "carry off"; the gloss supports the first derivation.
  136. Alternately: strongly, firmly, steadfastly.
  137. R. includes this couplet with the previous gloss.
  138. G., R., S. "Item".
  139. D. "hang-in"; "strike-in and" omitted.
  140. "The point" omitted from the Salzburg.
  141. Sentence omitted from the Glasgow and the Rostock.
  142. D., G., R. "you".
  143. D., G., S. "the".
  144. "In the displacement" omitted from the Salzburg and the Rostock.
  145. "Of the parter" omitted from the Dresden, the Rostock, and the Salzburg.
  146. S. fast vber sich: "firmly upward".
  147. Clause omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Salzburg.
  148. "His hands" omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Salzburg.
  149. G. "since".
  150. 150.0 150.1 Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), f 28v
  151. Rostock combines the glosses for couplets 65-67 into a single paragraph; they have been separated here according to their presentation in Dresden and Glasgow.
  152. D., G. Schon, lit. "already", "yet".
  153. D. stuch, R. stich: "press the thrust".
  154. D., G., S. "cut".
  155. 155.0 155.1 Clause omitted from the Dresden, the Rostock, and the Salzburg.
  156. S. "well broken".
  157. "From the under-cut" omitted from the Salzburg.
  158. "And wind your sword… withdraw yourself" omitted from the Rostock.
  159. Imperative of fliehen.
  160. alt: unpleasant, repugnant
  161. "Note, this" omitted from the Dresden.
  162. "Will be" omitted from the Glasgow.
  163. 163.0 163.1 163.2 163.3 "Is called" omitted from the Dresden
  164. "With the hilt" omitted from the Dresden.
  165. G. auß gestrackten: "upstretched".
  166. "It all" omitted from the Dresden.
  167. "In this book" omitted from the Glasgow.
  168. G. "Guard yourself displacing crossed in front".
  169. D. instead continues "that the four displacings, they are the four hews".
  170. Setzen", possibly a shortening of versetzen, "displaces".
  171. D. "oxen".
  172. S. Item
  173. R. "This is when one displaces your over-hew"; S. "If your over-hew is parried and it comes nearing upon him".
  174. D. "in front of".
  175. G., S. versetzte: "shifted, misplaced, displaced, parried".
  176. Word omitted from the Dresden, the Glasgow, and the Rostock.
  177. 177.0 177.1 Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), f 31r
  178. "And wrench… his below" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  179. "The head" omitted from the Salzburg.
  180. 180.0 180.1 Clause omitted from the Dresden and the Salzburg.
  181. S. "also".
  182. G. mit dem schwert: "with the sword".
  183. D. "grasp with the sword".
  184. G. magst: "may".
  185. 185.0 185.1 185.2 G. "the".
  186. Alternately: defense.
  187. "A strike" omitted from the Dresden.
  188. "And hit him" omitted from the Rostock.
  189. 189.0 189.1 "The moment" omitted from the Dresden.
  190. D. wieder-kommen: to meet, to encounter, to run into".
  191. "Or fall… from you" omitted from the Rostock.
  192. Corrected from »dem«.
  193. Line omitted from the Rostock.
  194. R. "or".
  195. "If he then" omitted from the Rostock".
  196. D. haw: "hew".
  197. Mähnen, menen, mennen. To drive cattle, to impel an animal to move(in particular a driver or rider with a cattle-drive). To exert command over something reacting. To lead.
  198. geim: "watchfully, to observe, cautiously, with foresight".
  199. Word omitted from the Glasgow and the Salzburg.
  200. S. "the feeling work thusly".
  201. "You come… onset and" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  202. S. "soft or hard".
  203. S. "feeling".
  204. "To the nearest opening" omitted from the Salzburg.
  205. D., G. gewar, S. ÿnnen.
  206. Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29), f 33v
  207. Word omitted from the Dresden and the Salzburg.
  208. mitmachen: "join, unite, combine, participate".
  209. D. blitzscht: "flashes".
  210. D. "Item".
  211. G. "note".
  212. Schier has the sense of approaching quickly and closely.
  213. Zucken has the connotation of yanking something hard or quickly, like yanking or snatching; there is an essence of agitation in the yank.
  214. "On the sword" omitted from the Dresden.
  215. Beginning of sentence in Glasgow reads "and work swiftly with the doubling.
  216. D. "(and with other plays)".
  217. 217.0 217.1 Sentence omitted from the Dresden.
  218. 218.0 218.1 R. "hang down behind you".
  219. G. "next to this".
  220. R. "when in the running-in he also drives-up with the arms".
  221. Word omitted from the Dresden and the Rostock.
  222. Corrected from »dim«.
  223. Line omitted from the Glasgow.
  224. D. "left hand inverted".
  225. 225.0 225.1 D. "your".
  226. "With an inverted hand" omitted from the Dresden.
  227. 227.0 227.1 G. "his".
  228. "Thus you" omitted from the Glasgow.
  229. Corrected from »rechtem«.
  230. Corrected from »sinem«.
  231. D. "One other wrestling at the sword".
  232. 232.0 232.1 232.2 232.3 Clause omitted from the Glasgow.
  233. Sentence omitted from the Glasgow.
  234. D. "A sword taking".
  235. Read: "attacks".
  236. "With strength" omitted from the Glasgow.
  237. 237.0 237.1 G. far: "drive".
  238. D. "Yet another cut".
  239. "He then" omitted from the Dresden.
  240. "And press… pictured here" omitted from the Dresden.
  241. G. "your".
  242. "With that" omitted from the Dresden.
  243. "With the cut" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  244. Clause omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  245. Remainder of fragments from Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82), ff 13r-14v
  246. "With him" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  247. "Or test" omitted from the Dresden.
  248. Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.
  249. sach: thing, or disagreement, contention, dispute, or the thing underlying the disagreement, contention or dispute.
  250. 250.0 250.1 250.2 250.3 250.4 250.5 250.6 Word omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  251. A. "and".
  252. 252.0 252.1 252.2 252.3 252.4 252.5 Word omitted from the Augsburg and the Dresden.
  253. The word »es« is almost illegible.
  254. 254.0 254.1 254.2 254.3 254.4 254.5 Word omitted from the Augsburg.
  255. nachbinden: "attach to the end or behind something".
  256. "With the long edge" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  257. "From the sword" omitted from the Dresden.
  258. "With the point" omitted from the Dresden.
  259. D. "or"; word omitted from the Augsburg.
  260. abziechen.
  261. D. Mörck Ee: "Note, before".
  262. "just near" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  263. "When he… the sword" omitted from the Dresden.
  264. A., D. "the".
  265. D. "hews from above to below".
  266. Corrected from »ausgerattñ«.
  267. D. "to the other side to the opening".
  268. "Your sword" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  269. Sentence omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  270. shifting, balance
  271. "Art of" omitted from the Dresden.
  272. A., D. "shortened for you to understand".
  273. "Quite well" omitted from the Augsburg.
  274. Dresden reverses these.
  275. "Also so that… play" omitted from the Dresden.
  276. wägen: "to have weight, to lay on a scale, to estimate"; it has a bunch of other senses that are provocative to the action at hand, such as: "to poise, balance, to stir up or agitate, to incite a response", but there's not enough in the text to make it a defensible choice.
  277. "And properly estimate" omitted from the Dresden.
  278. "The sword" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  279. D. "understand".
  280. "With strength" omitted from the Dresden.
  281. "And thrust" omitted from the Dresden.
  282. "Of the" omitted from the Glasgow.
  283. "-In the point above" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  284. A. "over-windings-upon".
  285. A. "and".
  286. D. "and"; omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  287. "And shall" omitted from the Augsburg and the Glasgow.
  288. "You step towards" omitted from the Dresden.
  289. D. "wounder".
  290. D. nebenhůtten: "side-guard"; G. Eysenen pfort, "iron-gate"; P. uses both interchangeably in this section.
  291. streichn.
  292. D. "Here note to fence from the side-guards, that is, also the sweeps"; P. "Play in the sweeping-upon".
  293. wiewohl.
  294. G. "Item. Know that one shall execute the sweeps from the iron-gate from the left side because it is not as certain from the right."
  295. 295.00 295.01 295.02 295.03 295.04 295.05 295.06 295.07 295.08 295.09 295.10 295.11 295.12 295.13 295.14 295.15 295.16 Word omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  296. Clause omitted from the Dresden and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  297. P. "from his right shoulder".
  298. wiederhalten: lit. "hold against"; "to withstand, resist".
  299. einduplieren.
  300. 300.0 300.1 P. "ear".
  301. "As before" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  302. "-Around quickly" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  303. "The man and the sword" replaced by "his" in Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  304. "And low with the hands" omitted from the Glasgow.
  305. "-In straight" omitted from the Dresden and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  306. "At hand" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  307. "To your left side" omitted from the Glasgow.
  308. "Off from the sword and strike" omitted from the Dresden.
  309. D. haüpt, G. kopf.
  310. "You lay… guard, or" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  311. stoß; this could either be to stab him or hit him.
  312. "Him under his sword" omitted from the Dresden and Glasgow.
  313. Word omitted from the Dresden and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  314. P. farñ: "drive".
  315. "Side of" omitted from the Dresden and Glasgow.
  316. "Behind his neck" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  317. Marginalia: The word schrit ("a step") appears over the word "sword" in the Dresden, and schret ("a step or make a step") appears under.
  318. obenauf.
  319. D. "opposite".
  320. "As before (to all sides)" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  321. 321.0 321.1 Word omitted from the Glasgow and Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  322. "In front" omitted from the Dresden.
  323. Alternately: "parrying(s)".
  324. 324.0 324.1 I.e. closing-in. It is not "the nach" (after) because nach is neuter and would be das nach. G. also writes die neche. næhe could also be "the boat".
  325. Corrected from »dem«.
  326. Corrected from »dim«.
  327. P. "side-guard".
  328. "And from… stands forward" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  329. Sentence omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  330. P. "side-guard".
  331. "With that" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  332. P. "convenient".
  333. P. "then escape afterwards".
  334. "Bind on" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  335. 335.0 335.1 335.2 Clause omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  336. "To the other side" omitted from Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey.
  337. P. "So thwart in before to his neck".
  338. P. "From the wrath-cut".
  339. "Fence someone and if [you]" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  340. "With the wrath-cut or otherwise" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  341. P. "arms".
  342. D., G. "will take".
  343. Sic, lit. "you".
  344. "And move… his head" omitted from the Dresden and the Glasgow.
  345. Corrected from »dinem«.
  346. R. and V. seems to match the Pseudo-Peter von Danzig gloss.
  347. Corrected from »geradt«.
  348. The text ends here abruptly, in the middle of a play. Since the page isn't full, it's unclear why the scribe stopped at this point. The subsequent folia come from earlier in the manuscript; they were removed and then added back in at the end.