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| image                = File:Johannes Liechtenauer.png
 
| image                = File:Johannes Liechtenauer.png
| width                = 250px
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| dedicated to          =  
 
| dedicated to          =  
 
| audience              =  
 
| audience              =  
| language              = [[language::Middle High German]]
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| language              = [[language::Early New High German]]
| date                  = Fourteenth century (?)
+
| date                  = Fifteenth century (?)
 
| state of existence    =  
 
| state of existence    =  
 
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| archetype(s)          = Hypothetical
 
| archetype(s)          = Hypothetical
 
| manuscript(s)        = {{collapsible list
 
| manuscript(s)        = {{collapsible list
| [[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|MS 3227a]] (ca. 1400s)
 
| [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (1443)
 
| [[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Cod.44.A.8]] (1452)
 
 
  | [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|MS Thott.290.2º]] (1459)
 
  | [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|MS Thott.290.2º]] (1459)
  | [[Wolfenbüttel Sketchbook (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º]] (ca. 1465-80)
+
  | [[Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º]] (ca. 1465-80)
 
  | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1507]] (ca.1470)
 
  | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Cgm 1507]] (ca.1470)
 
  | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (1480s)
 
  | [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|MS KK5126]] (1480s)
  | [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M.I.29]] (1491)
+
  | [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|MS M..29]] (1491)
 +
| [[Ortenburg Fechtbuch]] (1400s)
 
  | [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd.C.487]] (ca. 1504-19)
 
  | [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|MS Dresd.C.487]] (ca. 1504-19)
  | [[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|MS Germ.Quart.2020]] (1510-20)
+
  | [[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|MS Germ.quart. 2020]] (1535-40)
 
  | [[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|MS 26-232]] (1512)
 
  | [[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|MS 26-232]] (1512)
 
  | [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Cgm 3711]] (1523)
 
  | [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Cgm 3711]] (1523)
  | [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Cod.I.6.2º.2]] (1523)
+
  | [[Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Cod..6.2º.2]] (1523)
 
  | [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt Nr. 82]] (1553)
 
  | [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Reichsstadt Nr. 82]] (1553)
 
  | [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556)
 
  | [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Cgm 3712]] (1556)
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  | [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º]] (1588)
 
  | [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º]] (1588)
 
}}
 
}}
| principal manuscript(s)=
+
| principal manuscript(s)= {{collapsible list
 +
| [[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|MS 3227<sup>a</sup>]] (ca. 1400)
 +
| [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (1448)
 +
| [[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Cod.44.A.8]] (1452)
 +
}}
 
| first printed edition = [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler]], 2010
 
| first printed edition = [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler]], 2010
 
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
 
| wiktenauer compilation by=[[Michael Chidester]]
 
| translations          = {{collapsible list
 
| translations          = {{collapsible list
  | {{French translation|http://ardamhe.free.fr/biblio/Tetraptyque.pdf|1}}
+
  | {{French translation|http://www.ffamhe.fr/sources/Tetraptyque.pdf|1}}
  | {{German translation|http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/peter_von_danzig/index.php|1}}
+
  | {{German translation|http://www.hammaborg.de/de/transkriptionen/peter_von_danzig/index.php|1}}
 
  | {{Hungarian translation|Johannes Liechtenauer/Hungarian|2}}
 
  | {{Hungarian translation|Johannes Liechtenauer/Hungarian|2}}
  | {{Slovenian translation|http://scholapugnatoria.si/?page_id{{=}}267|1}}
+
  | {{Slovenian translation|http://www.scholapugnatoria.si/clanki/merkversen-po-ringecku-von-danzigu/|1}}
 
  | {{Spanish translation|http://www.aveh.eu/documentos/EdadMedia/TETRAPTICOV.pdf|1}}
 
  | {{Spanish translation|http://www.aveh.eu/documentos/EdadMedia/TETRAPTICOV.pdf|1}}
 
}}
 
}}
 
| below                =  
 
| below                =  
 
}}
 
}}
'''Johannes Liechtenauer''' (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]] in the 14th or [[century::15th century]]. No direct record of his life or teachings currently exists, and all that we know of both comes from the writings of other masters and scholars. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the [[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Hausbuch]], one of the oldest texts in the tradition, who stated that "Master Liechtenauer learnt and mastered the Art in a thorough and rightful way, but he did not invent and put together this Art (as was just stated). Instead, he traveled and searched many countries with the will of learning and mastering this rightful and true Art." He may have been alive at the time of the creation of the fencing treatise contained in the Nuremberg Hausbuch, as that source is the only one to fail to accompany his name with a blessing for the dead.
+
'''Johannes Liechtenauer''' (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a [[century::15th century]] [[nationality::German]] [[fencing master]]. No direct record of his life or teachings currently exists, and all that we know of both comes from the writings of other masters and scholars. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the [[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Pol Hausbuch]], one of the oldest texts in the tradition, who stated that "Master Liechtenauer learnt and mastered the Art in a thorough and rightful way, but he did not invent and put together this Art (as was just stated). Instead, he traveled and searched many countries with the will of learning and mastering this rightful and true Art." He may have been alive at the time of the creation of the fencing treatise contained in the Pol Hausbuch, as that source is the only one to fail to accompany his name with a blessing for the dead.
  
 
Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and a long poem called the ''Zettel'' ("Recital") is generally attributed to him by these masters. Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive [[gloss]]es (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on [[Paulus Kal]]'s roll of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]] were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the [[Marxbrüder]] and the [[Veiterfechter]].
 
Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and a long poem called the ''Zettel'' ("Recital") is generally attributed to him by these masters. Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive [[gloss]]es (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on [[Paulus Kal]]'s roll of the [[Fellowship of Liechtenauer]] were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the [[Marxbrüder]] and the [[Veiterfechter]].
  
Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Nuremberg Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler]]. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010. p6</ref> However, given that the Nuremberg Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the early 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Nuremberg Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital appears in the [[Modus Dimicandi (MS G.B.f.18.a)|MS G.B.f.18.a]], dating to ca. 1418-28 and attributed to an [[H. Beringer]], which both conforms to this timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teaching rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts).
+
Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Pol Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.<ref>[[Christian Henry Tobler]]. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010. p6</ref> However, given that the Pol Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the mid 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Pol Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital that is attributed to Liechtenauer was recorded by [[Hans Talhoffer]] in the [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|MS Chart.A.558]] (ca. 1448), which further supports this timeline.<ref>There is one version of the Recital that predates Talhoffer's, recorded in [[Modus Dimicandi (MS G.B.f.18a)|MS G.B.f.18a]] (ca. 1418-28) and attributed to an [[H. Beringer]]; this also conforms to a 15th century timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teachings contained in the Zettel rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts). Alternatively, the Beringer verse, which includes only portions of the Recital on the Long Sword, may represent just one of the teachings that Liechtenauer received and compiled over the course of the journeys described in the Pol Hausbuch.</ref>
  
 
== Treatise ==
 
== Treatise ==
  
Liechtenauer's teachings are preserved in a long poem of rhyming couplets called the ''Zettel'' ("Recital"). These "obscure and cryptic words" were designed to prevent the uninitiated from learning the techniques they represented; they also seem to have offered a system of mnemonic devices to those who understood their significance. The Recital was treated as the core of the Art by his students, and masters such as [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]], [[Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt]], and [[Jud Lew]] wrote extensive [[gloss]]es that sought to clarify and expand upon these teachings.
+
Liechtenauer's teachings are preserved in a long poem of rhyming couplets called the ''Zettel'' ("Recital"), covering fencing with the "long" or extended sword (i.e. with both hands at one end of the sword), the "short" or withdrawn sword (i.e. with one hand at either end), and on horseback. These "obscure and cryptic words" were designed to prevent the uninitiated from learning the techniques they represented; they also seem to have offered a system of mnemonic devices to those who understood their significance. The Recital was treated as the core of the Art by his students, and masters such as [[Sigmund ain Ringeck]], [[Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt]], and [[Lew]] wrote extensive [[gloss]]es that sought to clarify and expand upon these teachings.
 +
 
 +
In addition to the verses on mounted fencing, several treatises in the Liechtenauer tradition include a group of twenty-six "figures" (''figuren'')—phrases that are shorter than Liechtenauer's couplets and often arranged into the format of a Medieval tree diagram. These figures seem to encode the same teachings as the verses of the mounted fencing, and both are quoted in the mounted glosses. However, figures follow a very different structure than the Zettel does, and seem to present an alternative sequence for studying Liechtenauer's techniques. It is not known why the mounted fencing is the only section of the Recital to receive figures in addition to verse.
 +
 
 +
Seventeen manuscripts contain a presentation of at least one section of the Recital as a distinct (unglossed) section; there are dozens more presentations of the verse as part of one of the several glosses. The longest version of the Recital by far is actually found in one of these glosses, that of [[Pseudo-Hans Döbringer]], which contains almost twice as many verses as any other; however, given that the additional verses tend to either be repetitions from elsewhere in the Recital or use a very different style from Liechtenauer's work, they are generally treated as additions by the anonymous author or his instructor rather than being part of the original Recital. The other surviving versions of the Recital from all periods show a high degree of consistency in both content and organization, excepting only the much shorter version attributed to [[H. Beringer]] (which is also included in the writings of [[Hans Folz]]).
  
Seventeen manuscripts contain a presentation of at least one section of the Recital as a distinct (unglossed) section; there are dozens more presentations of the verse as part of one of the several glosses. The longest version of the Recital by far is found in the gloss from the [[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Hausbuch]], which contains almost twice as many verses as any other. However, given that the additional verses tend to either consist of repetitions from elsewhere in the Recital or use a very different style from Liechtenauer's work, they are generally treated as additions by the anonymous author or his instructor rather than being part of the standard Recital. The other surviving versions of the Recital from all periods show a high degree of consistency in both content and organization, excepting only the version attributed to Beringer (which is also included in the writings of [[Hans Folz]]).
+
The following concordance tables include only those texts that quote Liechtenauer's Recital in an unglossed form.<ref>The figures are often given as a preamble for the [[gloss]] of [[Lew]], and a fragment of the short sword to the teachings of [[Martin Huntsfeld]], but those instances will not be included below and instead treated as part of those treatises.</ref> Most manuscripts present the Recital as prose, and those have had the text separated out into the original verses to offer a consistent view. For ease of use, this page breaks the general Wiktenauer rule that column format remain consistent across all tables on a page; the sheer number of Liechtenauer sources made this convention entirely unworkable, with more columns empty than filled, so instead the long sword table uses one layout, the mounted and short sword tables use another, and the figures use a third.
  
The following concordance tables include only those texts that quote Liechtenauer's Recital in an unglossed form.<ref>A fragment of the short sword is often given as a preamble to the [[short sword]] teachings of [[Martin Huntfeltz]], and the figures for the [[gloss]] of [[Jud Lew]], but those instances will not be included below and instead treated as part of said treatises.</ref> Most manuscripts present the Recital as prose, and those have had the text separated out into the original verses to offer a consistent view. For ease of use, this page breaks the general Wiktenauer rule that column format remain consistent across all tables on a page; the sheer number of Liechtenauer sources made this convention entirely unworkable, so instead the long sword table uses one layout, the mounted and short sword tables use another, and the figures use a third.
+
''Note: This article includes a prior (2010) version of Christian Tobler's translation. A revised version of the translation was published in 2021 by Freelance Academy Press as part of ''The Peter von Danzig Fight Book''; it can be purchased in [http://www.freelanceacademypress.com/ThePetervonDanzigFightBook.aspx hardcover].''
  
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin
 
   | title = Long Sword
 
   | title = Long Sword
   | width = 423em
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   | width = 480em
 
}}
 
}}
<section begin="credits"/>
+
{| class="master"
{| class="floated master"
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
! style="width:31em;" | <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>Rome Version by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Transcription]] (1443){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Transcription]] (1452){{edit index|Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|Copenhagen Transcription]] (1459){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)}}<br/>by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|Copenhagen Version]] (1459){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dieter Bachmann]]</p>
! <p>[[Wolfenbüttel Sketchbook (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel I Transcription]] (ca. 1465-80){{edit index|Wolfenbüttel Sketchbook (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅰ Version]] (ca. 1465-80){{edit index|Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich I Transcription]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Ⅰ Version]] (ca. 1470){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Transcription]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Transcription]] (ca. 1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]] A (ca. 1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Transcription]] (1510-20){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>by [[Grzegorz Żabiński]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]] B (ca. 1504-19){{edit index|Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Munich II Transcription]] (1523){{edit index|Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)}}<br/>by [[Filip Lampart]] and [[Martin Fabian]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Grzegorz Żabiński]]</p>
! <p>[[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Augsburg I Transcription]] (1523){{edit index|Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Munich Ⅱ Version]] (1523){{edit index|Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Filip Lampart]] and [[Martin Fabian]]</p>
! <p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Transcription]] (1533){{edit index|Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)}}<br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Augsburg Ⅰ Version]] (1523){{edit index|Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg II Transcription]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Version]] (1533){{edit index|Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)}}<br/></p>
! <p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich III Transcription]] (1556){{edit index|Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)}}<br/></p><br/>
+
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p>
! <p>[[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel II Transcription]] (ca. 1588){{edit index|Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)}}<br/>by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅲ Version]] (1556){{edit index|Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)}}<br/></p><br/>
<section end="credits"/>
+
! <p>[[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅱ Version]] (ca. 1588){{edit index|Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Kevin Maurer]]</p>
 +
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <p>{{red|b=1|Here begins the epitome on the knightly art of combat that was composed and created by Johannes Liechtenauer, who was a great master in the art, God have mercy on him;}}</p>
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Here begins the epitome on the knightly art of combat that was composed and created by Johannes Liechtenauer, who was a great master in the art, God have mercy on him;}}<br/><br/></p>
  
 
<p>first with the long sword, then with the lance and sword on horseback, and then with the short sword in armoured combat. Because the art belongs to princes and lords, knights and squires, and they should know and learn this art, he has written of this art in hidden and secret words, so that not everyone will grasp and understand it, as you will find described below. And he has done this on account of frivolous fight masters who mistake the art as trivial, so that such masters will not make his art common or open with people who do not hold the art in respect as is its due.</p>
 
<p>first with the long sword, then with the lance and sword on horseback, and then with the short sword in armoured combat. Because the art belongs to princes and lords, knights and squires, and they should know and learn this art, he has written of this art in hidden and secret words, so that not everyone will grasp and understand it, as you will find described below. And he has done this on account of frivolous fight masters who mistake the art as trivial, so that such masters will not make his art common or open with people who do not hold the art in respect as is its due.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|1|lbl=104v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|1|lbl=104v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003r.png|1|lbl=03r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003r.png|1|lbl=03r}}
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 150: Line 157:
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|1|lbl=IIIr}}
+
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|1|lbl=Ⅲr}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 160: Line 167:
  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003v.png|1|lbl=03v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003v.png|1|lbl=03v|p=1}}
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 216: Line 224:
 
|}
 
|}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|1|lbl=18v|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|1|lbl=18v|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 003v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 003v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 002r.jpg|1|lbl=2r}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 002r.jpg|1|lbl=2r}}
 
| <p><br/><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/><br/></p>
  
Line 226: Line 234:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004r.png|1|lbl=04r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004v.png|1|lbl=04v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 003v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004r.png|1|lbl=04r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004v.png|1|lbl=04v|p=1}}
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001r.jpg|1|lbl=01r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001v.jpg|1|lbl=01v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001r.jpg|1|lbl=01r|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001v.jpg|1|lbl=01v|p=1}}
Line 255: Line 264:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 003v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|1|lbl=4r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 003v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|1|lbl=4r|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 002v.jpg|1|lbl=2v}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 002v.jpg|1|lbl=2v}}
 
| <p><br/><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/><br/></p>
  
Line 264: Line 273:
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
Line 271: Line 281:
 
|  
 
|  
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
<section end="Hauptstücke"/><section begin="Zornhaw"/>
+
<section end="Hauptstücke"/><section begin="Zornhaw"/><section begin="Krieg"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Wrath Stroke}}</p>
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Wrath Stroke}}</p>
Line 291: Line 301:
 
| <small>31</small>
 
| <small>31</small>
 
| Instantly, and Before and After.<br/>&emsp;Your War should not be in haste.
 
| Instantly, and Before and After.<br/>&emsp;Your War should not be in haste.
|}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 002v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
<p><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|59r|jpg|p=1}}<br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|59v|jpg|p=1}}<br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|60r|jpg|p=1}} {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|60v|jpg|p=1}}</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005r.png|1|lbl=05r|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002r.jpg|1|lbl=02r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 42br.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015r.jpg|1|lbl=15r}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
<section end="Zornhaw"/><section begin="Krieg"/>
 
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|''The War''}}</p>
 
 
{| class="zettel"
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>32</small>
 
| <small>32</small>
Line 331: Line 314:
 
| In all encounters,<br/>&emsp;if you want to fool the masters.
 
| In all encounters,<br/>&emsp;if you want to fool the masters.
 
|}
 
|}
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
+
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 018v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 002v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 002v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
{{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 002v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
<br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|59r|jpg|p=1}}<br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|59v|jpg|p=1}}<br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|60r|jpg|p=1}} {{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|60v|jpg|p=1}}
| <p><br/></p>
+
|
 
+
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}}
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 004v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005r.png|1|lbl=05r|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 055v.png|3|lbl=55v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056r.png|1|lbl=56r|p=1}}<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
| <p><br/></p>
+
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 001v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005r.png|2|lbl=-}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002r.jpg|1|lbl=02r|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
| <p><br/></p>
+
|  
 
+
{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|1|lbl=43v|p=1}}
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
|  
| <p><br/></p>
+
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 42br.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 42br.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
+
|
{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|1|lbl=43v|p=1}}
+
|
| <p><br/></p>
+
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015r.jpg|1|lbl=15r|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
 
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 42br.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
| <p><br/></p>
+
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
+
<section end="Zornhaw"/><section begin="Blossen"/>
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
<section end="Krieg"/><section begin="Blossen"/>
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Four Openings}}</p>
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Four Openings}}</p>
Line 379: Line 360:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 003r.jpg|1|lbl=3r}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 003r.jpg|1|lbl=3r}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 389: Line 370:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005v.png|1|lbl=05v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005v.png|1|lbl=05v|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002v.jpg|1|lbl=02v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002v.jpg|1|lbl=02v|p=1}}
Line 417: Line 401:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 003r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 003r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 428: Line 412:
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
Line 466: Line 453:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|1|lbl=4v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|1|lbl=4v|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 003r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 003r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 478: Line 465:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006r.png|1|lbl=06r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 005v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006r.png|1|lbl=06r|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056r.png|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056v.png|1|lbl=56v|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003r.jpg|1|lbl=03r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 002v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003r.jpg|1|lbl=03r|p=1}}
Line 504: Line 494:
 
| <small>52</small>
 
| <small>52</small>
 
| He who thwarts well<br/>&emsp;with springing he endangers the head.
 
| He who thwarts well<br/>&emsp;with springing he endangers the head.
|}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 003v.jpg|1|lbl=3v}}
 
| <p><br/><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|9|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|1|lbl=IIIv|p=1}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|10|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 42bv.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
<section end="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Fehler"/>
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
|
+
| <small>53</small>
{| class="zettel"
 
|-
 
| <small>53</small>
 
 
| Whoever conducts the Failer<br/>&emsp;from below he hits at his will.
 
| Whoever conducts the Failer<br/>&emsp;from below he hits at his will.
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 541: Line 510:
 
| Twice further on,<br/>&emsp;step to the left and do not be slow.
 
| Twice further on,<br/>&emsp;step to the left and do not be slow.
 
|}
 
|}
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 003v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/><br/><br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|67r|jpg|p=1}}</p>
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|11|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|1|lbl=105r|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 003v.jpg|1|lbl=3v|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 003v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIr.png|9|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|1|lbl=Ⅲv|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
<p><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|67r|jpg|p=1}}</p>
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|10|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS KK5126 104v.jpg|11|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|1|lbl=105r|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006r.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006v.png|1|lbl=06v|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/><br/></p>
 +
 
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056v.png|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003v.jpg|1|lbl=03v|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|1|lbl=44r|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006v.png|1|lbl=06v|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 42bv.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.I.6..2 42bv.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003v.jpg|1|lbl=03v|p=1}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 43v.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|1|lbl=44r|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 42bv.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 015v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
+
{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 048v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}
<section end="Fehler"/><section begin="Schilhaw"/>
+
<section end="Twerhaw"/><section begin="Schilhaw"/>
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Squinting Stroke}}</p>
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|The Squinting Stroke}}</p>
Line 583: Line 565:
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 003v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<ref>Talhoffer adds an additional couplet: {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|1|lbl=4r|p=1}}</ref>
+
{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 003v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<ref>Talhoffer adds an additional couplet: {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|1|lbl=4r|p=1}}</ref>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 590: Line 572:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
Line 621: Line 606:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|1|lbl=5r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 004v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|1|lbl=5r|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 631: Line 616:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007r.png|1|lbl=07r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 006v.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007r.png|1|lbl=07r|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056v.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 003v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
Line 655: Line 643:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 664: Line 652:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056v.png|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 004r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
Line 694: Line 685:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 702: Line 693:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007v.png|1|lbl=07v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007v.png|1|lbl=07v|p=1}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 056v.png|7|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|1|lbl=57r|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 004r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
Line 734: Line 728:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 019v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|1|lbl=4v}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|1|lbl=4v}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 740: Line 734:
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|65v|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|69r|jpg|p=1}}
+
<br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|69r|jpg|p=1}}<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>{{paget|Page:Cgm 1507|65v|jpg|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 007v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005r.jpg|1|lbl=05r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005r.jpg|1|lbl=05r|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 43r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 43r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
Line 769: Line 766:
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|1|lbl=5v|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|1|lbl=5v|p=1}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 778: Line 775:
  
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008r.png|1|lbl=08r}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008r.png|1|lbl=08r}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|1|lbl=44v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|1|lbl=44v}}
Line 804: Line 804:
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 811: Line 811:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
Line 832: Line 835:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 841: Line 844:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|9|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|9|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005v.jpg|1|lbl=05v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005v.jpg|1|lbl=05v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
Line 866: Line 872:
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|1|lbl=5r|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 004v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|1|lbl=5r|p=1}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 873: Line 879:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|10|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|10|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008v.png|1|lbl=08v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008v.png|1|lbl=08v}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
<p><br/><br/><br/><br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|6|lbl=-|p=1}}</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
Line 894: Line 903:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 901: Line 910:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|11|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|11|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
<p><br/><br/>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|7|lbl=-|p=1}}</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
Line 926: Line 938:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 005v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 937: Line 949:
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|12|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|12|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 008v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
 +
 +
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 057r.png|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
Line 957: Line 972:
  
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|1|lbl=6r}}
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|1|lbl=6r}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 966: Line 981:
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|13|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|13|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009r.png|1|lbl=09r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009r.png|1|lbl=09r}}
 +
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
Line 987: Line 1,003:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 994: Line 1,010:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|14|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|14|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006v.jpg|1|lbl=06v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006v.jpg|1|lbl=06v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 44v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
Line 1,022: Line 1,039:
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|1|lbl=5v|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|1|lbl=5v|p=1}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
  
Line 1,033: Line 1,050:
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|15|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|15|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 45r.jpg|1|lbl=45r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 45r.jpg|1|lbl=45r}}
Line 1,072: Line 1,090:
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 020v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/><br/></p>
 
| <p><br/><br/></p>
  
Line 1,079: Line 1,097:
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|16|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105r.jpg|16|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009v.png|1|lbl=09v}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.487 009v.png|1|lbl=09v}}
 +
|
 
|  
 
|  
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 007r.jpg|1|lbl=07r|p=1}}
 
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 006v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 007r.jpg|1|lbl=07r|p=1}}
Line 1,090: Line 1,109:
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| Thus ends Master Liechtenauer's Art of the Long Sword
+
| class="noline" | Thus ends Master Liechtenauer's Art of the Long Sword
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| {{section|Page:Ms.Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Thott.290.2º 005v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|18|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º IIIv.png|18|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| class="noline" |
|
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" |  
| {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 45r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 44r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cgm 3711 45r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.2º.2 44r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
+
| class="noline" |  
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º 049v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
 
{{master end}}
 
{{master end}}
 
 
{{master begin
 
{{master begin
 
   | title = Mounted Fencing
 
   | title = Mounted Fencing
   | width = 283em
+
   | width = 300em
 
}}
 
}}
{| class="floated master"
+
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
! style="width:31em;" | <p>{{rating|A}}<br/>Rome Version by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
+
! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
! <p>[[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Transcription]] (1400s){{edit index|Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Version]] (1400s){{edit index|Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Transcription]] (1443){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Transcription]] (1452){{edit index|Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Transcription I]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Transcription]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Transcription]] (1510-20){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Transcription II]] (1512){{edit index|Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] (1512){{edit index|Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Transcription II]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/></p>
+
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p>
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]] (1570-71){{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
+
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]] (1570-71){{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| {{red|b=1|This is Master Johannes Liechtenauer’s Fighting on Horseback}}
 
| {{red|b=1|This is Master Johannes Liechtenauer’s Fighting on Horseback}}
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|1|lbl=53r|p=1}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|1|lbl=53r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|1|lbl=21Av}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|1|lbl=21Av}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|5|lbl=06r}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006r.jpg|5|lbl=06r}}
Line 1,135: Line 1,154:
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017r.jpg|4|lbl=017r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017r.jpg|4|lbl=17r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 1,191: Line 1,210:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>4</small>
 
| <small>4</small>
| Grasp to his right<br/>&emsp;thus you catch him without weapons work
+
| Grasp to his right<br/>&emsp;Thus you catch him without weapons work
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>5</small>
 
| <small>5</small>
 
| The fighting of lance-thrusting<br/>&emsp;Learn to counter calmly without haste
 
| The fighting of lance-thrusting<br/>&emsp;Learn to counter calmly without haste
 +
 +
|}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|1|lbl=06v}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|1|lbl=105v}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163r.jpg|1|lbl=163r}}
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|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| {{paget|Page:MS 3227a|53v|jpg}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
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|
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|
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|
 +
|
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
{| class="zettel"
 
 
|-
 
| &nbsp;
 
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
 
 
 
|-
 
| &nbsp;
 
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
 
 
 
|-
 
| &nbsp;
 
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
 
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>6</small>
 
| <small>6</small>
Line 1,229: Line 1,254:
 
| And remember: learn well to strongly defend<br/>&emsp;In all meetings, press him without danger
 
| And remember: learn well to strongly defend<br/>&emsp;In all meetings, press him without danger
  
 +
|}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|1|lbl=55r}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163v.jpg|1|lbl=163v|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|1|lbl=17v}}
 +
|
 +
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>9</small>
 
| <small>9</small>
| plant upon without danger<br/>&emsp;Who grazes, hang to him to the hair
+
| Plant upon without danger<br/>&emsp;Who grazes, hang to him to the hair
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>10</small>
 
| <small>10</small>
| If you want to calmly<br/>&emsp;charge long, this troubles greatly
+
| If you want to calmly<br/>&emsp;Charge long, this troubles greatly
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,247: Line 1,287:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>13</small>
 
| <small>13</small>
| Be mindful of the openings<br/>&emsp;search for the Messer, do not tend to the pommel
+
| Be mindful of the openings<br/>&emsp;Search for the Messer, do not tend to the pommel
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,257: Line 1,297:
 
| Learn two strokes<br/>&emsp;With the empty hand against the weapon
 
| Learn two strokes<br/>&emsp;With the empty hand against the weapon
  
|-  
+
|}
| &nbsp;
+
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 55r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
{| class="zettel"
 +
|-
 +
| <small>15</small>
 +
| The Sheep Grip fends off<br/>&emsp;Him who turns to you with wrestling.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>16</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| While under the eyes<br/>&emsp;Grasp him truly with flying
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>17</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| Who attacks you<br/>&emsp;While riding towards you will be felled
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>18</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| Hanging to the ground<br/>&emsp;Grasp over against him truly with conduct
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>19</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| To both sides<br/>&emsp;You should learn to ride against him
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 57v.jpg|1|lbl=57v}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 163v.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164r.jpg|1|lbl=164r|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
{| class="zettel"
 +
|-
 +
| <small>20</small>
 +
| If you want to ride<br/>&emsp;The horse run to the other side
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>21</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| Defend strongly<br/>&emsp;Plant upon him threaten him with this
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>22</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| Who defends against that<br/>&emsp;Grasp his sword from afar, get to the handle
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>23</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| Or turn around<br/>&emsp;To calmly charge for the weapon
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>24</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| With all skill<br/>&emsp;He who charges acts to his advantage
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| <small>25</small>
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
| If you have charged past him<br/>&emsp;And unintentionally charge to the left
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>15</small>
+
| <small>26</small>
| The Sheep Grip fends off<br/>&emsp;him who turns to you with wrestling.
+
| Follow his sword upwards<br/>&emsp;And wrestle, push also hard
  
|-  
+
|}
| <small>16</small>
+
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 58r.jpg|1|lbl=58r}}
| While under the eyes<br/>&emsp;Grasp him truly with flying
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 006v.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|1|lbl=07r|p=1}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|1|lbl=164v|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>17</small>
+
|  
| Who attacks you<br/>&emsp;While riding towards you will be felled
+
{| class="zettel"
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>18</small>
+
| <small>27</small>
| Hanging to the ground<br/>&emsp;Grasp over against him truly with conduct
+
| If one charges on the right<br/>&emsp;Stop; turn around; tend to the fight
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>19</small>
+
| <small>28</small>
| To both sides<br/>&emsp;You should learn to ride against him
+
| With the arm catch<br/>&emsp;Thus he cannot manage to harm you
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 58v.jpg|1|lbl=58v}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
|  
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
{| class="zettel"
 +
|-
 +
| <small>29</small>
 +
| The messer take<br/>&emsp;Hold, learn to shame him
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>20</small>
+
| <small>30</small>
| If you want to ride<br/>&emsp;The horse run to the other side
+
| The Unnamed<br/>&emsp;Against the strong to turn
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>21</small>
+
| <small>31</small>
| Defend strongly<br/>&emsp;Plant upon him threaten him with this
+
| Their strike, their thrust<br/>&emsp;Is being defeated without any fencing
 +
 
 +
|}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 58v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|8|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022r.jpg|1|lbl=22r|p=1}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 +
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>22</small>
+
|
| Who defends against that<br/>&emsp;Grasp his sword from afar, get to the handle
+
{| class="zettel"
 +
|-
 +
| <small>32</small>
 +
| If you want to grasp<br/>&emsp;You should not fail to ride beside him
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>23</small>
+
| <small>33</small>
| Or turn around<br/>&emsp;To calmly charge for the weapon
+
| The Sun Pointer<br/>&emsp;Take the left sleeve if you want to bend
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>24</small>
+
| <small>34</small>
| With all skill<br/>&emsp;He who charges acts to his advantage
+
| Touch the forehead<br/>&emsp;Against the nape of the neck press very hard
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>25</small>
+
| <small>35</small>
| If you have charged past him<br/>&emsp;And unintentionally charge to the left
+
| So that he sways<br/>&emsp;And rarely makes it up again.
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>26</small>
+
| <small>36</small>
| Follow his sword upwards<br/>&emsp;And wrestle, push also hard
+
| Who attacks you with that<br/>&emsp;Grasp over against him and he will be shamed
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>27</small>
+
| <small>37</small>
| If one charges on the right<br/>&emsp;Stop; turn around; tend to the fight
+
| Press the arm to the head<br/>&emsp;This grip often robs the saddle
  
|-  
+
|}
| <small>28</small>
+
| {{section|Page:MS 3227a 59r.jpg|1|lbl=59r}}
| With the arm catch<br/>&emsp;Thus he cannot manage to harm you
+
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 164v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165r.jpg|1|lbl=165r|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|1|lbl=18r}}
 +
|  
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| &nbsp;
+
| class="noline" |
| &nbsp;<br/>&nbsp;
+
{| class="zettel"
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>29</small>
+
| <small>38</small>
| The messer take<br/>&emsp;Hold, learn to shame him
+
| If you want to retain yourself<br/>&emsp;From seizing
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>30</small>
+
| <small>39</small>
| The Unnamed<br/>&emsp;Against the strong to turn
+
| Then take him into custody without wrestling<br/>&emsp;Without any rope
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>31</small>
+
| <small>40</small>
| Their strike, their thrust<br/>&emsp;Is being defeated without any fencing
+
| The Before Grip remember<br/>&emsp;This indeed breaks his strength
 +
|}
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS 3227a 59r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 022r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 007r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|9|lbl=-}}
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| class="noline" |
  
|-
+
|}
| <small>32</small>
+
{{master end}}
| If you want to grasp<br/>&emsp;you should not fail to ride beside him
 
  
 +
{{master begin
 +
  | title = Short Sword
 +
  | width = 300em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>33</small>
+
! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
| The Sun Pointer<br/>&emsp;Take the left sleeve if you want to bend
+
! <p>[[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Version]] (1400s){{edit index|Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Ⅰ Version]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Michael Chidester]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Ⅱ Version]] (1512){{edit index|Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]] (1570-71){{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>34</small>
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|Here begins the Art with the Short Sword in Dueling, of Master Johannes Liechtenauer, God have mercy on him,}}</p>
| touch the forehead<br/>&emsp;Against the nape of the neck press very hard
 
  
|-
+
<p><br/></p>
| <small>35</small>
 
| So that he sways<br/>&emsp;And rarely makes it up again.
 
  
 +
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>36</small>
+
| <small>1</small>
| Who attacks you with that<br/>&emsp;Grasp over against him and he will be shamed
+
| Who dismounts<br/>&emsp;Fighting on foot begins
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>37</small>
+
| <small>2</small>
| Press the arm to the head<br/>&emsp;This grip often robs the saddle
+
| This do with the spear<br/>&emsp;Two positions to begin truly
 
+
|-
 +
| <small>3</small>
 +
| Spear and point<br/>&emsp;Thrust the initial thrust without fear
 +
|-
 +
| <small>4</small>
 +
| Spring, wind set truly upon<br/>&emsp;If he defends pull, that will defeat him
 +
|-
 +
| <small>5</small>
 +
| If you want to thrust before<br/>&emsp;With pulling learn to break his defense
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>38</small>
+
| <small>6</small>
| If you want to retain yourself<br/>&emsp;from seizing
+
| Note if he wants to pull back<br/>&emsp;From harm and flee
 
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>39</small>
+
| <small>7</small>
| then take him into custody without wrestling<br/>&emsp;without any rope
+
| Then approach him<br/>&emsp;To surely attend to grasp
 +
|}
 +
| <p><br/><br/></p>
  
|-
+
<p><br/></p>
| <small>40</small>
 
| The Before Grip remember<br/>&emsp;This indeed breaks his strength
 
  
|}
+
{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|60r|jpg|p=1}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|1|lbl=48v}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|1|lbl=08v}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|10|lbl=105v}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS 3227a 53r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|55r|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|57v|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|58r|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|58v|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|59r|jpg|p=1}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 021av.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{paget|Page:MS Chart.A.558|022r|jpg|p=1}}
+
{{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|199r|jpg|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 199v.jpg|1|lbl=199v|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
{{paget|Page:Cod.44.A.8|006v|jpg|p=1}} {{paget|Page:Cod.44.A.8|007r|jpg|p=1}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|1|lbl=105v}}
+
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|15|lbl=18v|p=1}} {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r|p=1}}
 
|  
 
|  
|
 
{{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|163r|jpg|p=1}} {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|163v|jpg|p=1}} {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|164r|jpg|p=1}} {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|164v|jpg|p=1}} {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|165r|jpg|p=1}}
 
|
 
|
 
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 017r.jpg|5|lbl=17r}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82|017v|jpg|lbl=17v}}
 
 
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|1|lbl=18r}}
 
 
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
 
|}
 
{{master end}}
 
  
{{master begin
 
  | title = Short Sword
 
  | width = 283em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
! style="width:31em;" | <p>{{rating|A}}<br/>Rome Version by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
+
| <p>{{red|b=1|This is the wrestling in dueling}}</p>
! <p>[[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Transcription]] (1400s){{edit index|Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Transcription]] (1443){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Transcription]] (1452){{edit index|Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Transcription I]] (1480s){{edit index|Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Transcription]] (1491){{edit index|Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Transcription]] (1510-20){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/></p>
 
! <p>[[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Transcription II]] (1512){{edit index|Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Transcription II]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/></p>
 
! <p>[[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Transcription]] (1570-71){{edit index|Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
 
 
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|Here begins the Art with the Short Sword in Dueling, of Master Johannes Liechtenauer, God have mercy on him,}}<br/><br/></p>
 
  
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>1</small>
+
| <small>8</small>
| Who dismounts<br/>&emsp;Fighting on foot begins
+
| If you want to wrestle<br/>&emsp;learn to spring correctly behind the leg
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>2</small>
+
| <small>9</small>
| This do with the spear<br/>&emsp;Two positions to begin truly
+
| A bar shoot forth<br/>&emsp;That skillfully locks the leg
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>3</small>
+
| <small>10</small>
| Spear and point<br/>&emsp;Thrust the initial thrust without fear
+
| From both sides<br/>&emsp;If you want to skillfully end
|-
+
|}
| <small>4</small>
+
| {{paget|Page:MS 3227a|61v|jpg}}
| Spring, wind set truly upon<br/>&emsp;If he defends pull, that will defeat him
+
| <p><br/></p>
|-
 
| <small>5</small>
 
| If you want to thrust before<br/>&emsp;With pulling learn to break his defense
 
|-
 
| <small>6</small>
 
| Note if he wants to pull back<br/>&emsp;From harm and flee
 
|-
 
| <small>7</small>
 
| Then approach him<br/>&emsp;To surely attend to grasp
 
|}
 
| <p><br/><br/><br/></p>
 
  
{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|60r|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|53v|jpg|p=1}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|1|lbl=48v}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|1|lbl=08v}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|11|lbl=105v}}
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|9|lbl=105v}}
+
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 129r.jpg|1|lbl=129r}}
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|199r|jpg}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 199v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 200r.jpg|1|lbl=200r|p=1}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|4|lbl=100v}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 +
| <p><br/></p>
  
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 199v.jpg|1|lbl=199v}}
+
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 074v.png|5|lbl=74v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Var.82 075r.png|1|lbl=75r|p=1}}
|
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|15|lbl=18v}}
 
  
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|1|lbl=19r}}
+
|-
 
|  
 
|  
 
|-
 
| <p>{{red|b=1|This is the wrestling in dueling}}</p>
 
 
 
{| class="zettel"
 
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
| <small>8</small>
+
| <small>11</small>
| If you want to wrestle<br/>&emsp;learn to spring correctly behind the leg
 
|-
 
| <small>9</small>
 
| A bar shoot forth<br/>&emsp;That skillfully locks the leg
 
|-
 
| <small>10</small>
 
| From both sides<br/>&emsp;If you want to skillfully end
 
|-
 
| <small>11</small>
 
 
| If it happens that<br/>&emsp;The sword against the spear is drawn
 
| If it happens that<br/>&emsp;The sword against the spear is drawn
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,554: Line 1,658:
 
| <small>19</small>
 
| <small>19</small>
 
| In all teachings<br/>&emsp;Turn the point against the openings
 
| In all teachings<br/>&emsp;Turn the point against the openings
 +
|}
 +
| {{paget|Page:MS 3227a|59v|jpg}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|12|lbl=-}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 129r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 129v.jpg|1|lbl=129v|p=1}}
 +
|
 +
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 200r.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 200v.jpg|1|lbl=200v|p=1}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|5|lbl=100v}}
 +
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Var.82 075r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 +
 +
|-
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
{| class="zettel"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| <small>20</small>
 
| <small>20</small>
Line 1,585: Line 1,705:
 
| The forward foot<br/>&emsp;With striking you must protect.
 
| The forward foot<br/>&emsp;With striking you must protect.
 
|}
 
|}
|  
+
| class="noline" | {{paget|Page:MS 3227a|60v|jpg}}
{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|61v|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|59v|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS 3227a|60v|jpg|p=1}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
| <p><br/></p>
+
| class="noline" |
 +
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}} {{paget|Page:Cod.44.A.8|009r|jpg|1|lbl=09r|p=1}}
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|13|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 106r.jpg|1|lbl=106r|p=1}}
 +
| class="noline" |  
 +
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 129v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 130r.jpg|1|lbl=130r|p=1}}
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
{{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 200v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 201r.jpg|1|lbl=201r|p=1}}
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|6|lbl=-}}
 +
| class="noline" |
 +
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019v.jpg|1|lbl=19v|p=1}}
 +
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:MS Var.82 075r.png|3|lbl=-}}
  
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 048v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
|}
|
+
{{master end}}
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008v.jpg|2|lbl=-|p=1}} {{paget|Page:Cod.44.A.8|009r|jpg|p=1}}
 
|
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 105v.jpg|10|lbl=105v|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS KK5126 106r.jpg|1|lbl=106r|p=1}}
 
|
 
{{paget|Page:MS M.I.29|129r|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{paget|Page:MS M.I.29|129v|jpg|p=1}}<br/>{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 130r.jpg|1|lbl=130r|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 199v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
  
{{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|200r|jpg}}
+
{{master begin
 +
  | title = Figures
 +
  | width = 210em
 +
}}
 +
{| class="master"
 +
|-
 +
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]]</p>
 +
! <p>{{rating|A|Featured Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1448){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Version]] (1508){{edit index|Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1535-40){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 +
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Version]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/>Transcribed by [[Werner Ueberschär]]</p>
  
{{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|200v|jpg}}
 
 
{{paget|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020|201r|jpg}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|4|lbl=100v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
{{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 019v.jpg|1|lbl=19v}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:MS Var.82 074v.png|2|lbl=74v|p=1}} {{paget|Page:MS Var.82|075r|png|lbl=75r|p=1}}
 
 
|}
 
{{master end}}
 
 
In addition to the verses on mounted fencing, several treatises in the Liechtenauer tradition include a group of twenty-six "figures" (''figuren'')—single line abbreviations of the longer couplets, generally drawn in circles, which seem to sum up the most important points. The precise reason for the existence of these figures remains unknown, as does the reason why there are no equivalents for the armored fencing or unarmored fencing verses.
 
 
One clue to their significance may be a parallel set of teachings first recorded by [[Andre Paurñfeyndt]] in 1516, called the "Twelve Teachings for the Beginning Fencer".<ref>[[Andre Paurñfeyndt]], et al. [[Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurñfeyndt)|Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey]]. [[Hieronymus Vietor]]: Vienna, 1516.</ref> These teachings are also generally abbreviations of longer passages in the Bloßfechten, and are similarly repeated in many treatises throughout the 16th century. It may be that the figures are a mnemonic that represent the initial stage of mounted fencing instruction, and that the full verse was taught only afterward.
 
 
{{master begin
 
  | title = Figures
 
  | width = 196em
 
}}
 
{| class="floated master"
 
 
|-  
 
|-  
! <p>Images<br/>from the [[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Codex 44.A.8]]</p>
+
| class="noline" rowspan="29" | {{double page|Cod.44.A.8 7v.jpg|Cod.44.A.8 8r.jpg|x288px|x288px}}
! <p>{{rating|A|Translation (from the Rome)}}<br/>by [[Christian Tobler]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]] (1443){{edit index|Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]] (1452){{edit index|Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Version]] (1508){{edit index|Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)}}<br/>by [[Dierk Hagedorn]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]] (1510-20){{edit index|Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)}}<br/>by [[Per Magnus Haaland]]</p>
 
! <p>[[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Version II]] (1553){{edit index|Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)}}<br/></p>
 
  
|-
+
{{double page|MS Chart.A.558 022v.jpg|MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|200px|200px}}
| rowspan="15" | [[File:Cod.44.A.8 7v.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>'''Figures of the Fight on Horseback'''</p>
 
| <p>'''Figures of the Fight on Horseback'''</p>
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,649: Line 1,756:
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
| {{paget|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82|018r|jpg|lbl=18r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|4|lbl=18r}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,657: Line 1,764:
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|1|lbl=74r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|1|lbl=74r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,665: Line 1,772:
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,673: Line 1,780:
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,681: Line 1,788:
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,689: Line 1,796:
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|8|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
Line 1,697: Line 1,804:
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 074r.jpg|6|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 165v.jpg|7|lbl=-}}
|  
+
| {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018r.jpg|9|lbl=-}}
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
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|-  
 
|-  
| rowspan="14" | [[File:Cod.44.A.8 8r.jpg|300px|center]]
 
 
| <p>{{red|The 14th Figure:}} Turn around again to where the horses hasten.</p>
 
| <p>{{red|The 14th Figure:}} Turn around again to where the horses hasten.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|1|lbl=23r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 023r.jpg|1|lbl=23r}}
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|-  
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| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 075r.jpg|1|lbl=75r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 075r.jpg|1|lbl=75r}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|11|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS Germ.Quart.2020 166r.jpg|11|lbl=-}}
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|-  
 
|-  
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| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 075r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
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|  
+
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>{{red|If you want to grasp, you should not fail to ride beside him. Execute the Sun Pointer to the left sleeve if you want to bend.}}</p>
+
| class="noline" | <p>{{red|If you want to grasp, you should not fail to ride beside him. Execute the Sun Pointer to the left sleeve if you want to bend.}}</p>
  
 
<p>Who attacks you with that, grasp over against him and he will be shamed. Press the arm to the head. This grip often robs the saddle.</p>
 
<p>Who attacks you with that, grasp over against him and he will be shamed. Press the arm to the head. This grip often robs the saddle.</p>
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|14|lbl=08r}}
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 008r.jpg|14|lbl=08r}}
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" |  
|  
+
| class="noline" | {{section|Page:Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 018v.jpg|14|lbl=-}}
  
 
|}
 
|}
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{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = Translation
 
| work        = Translation
| authors    = [[Christian Tobler]]
+
| authors    = [[translator::Christian Tobler]]
 
| source link = http://www.freelanceacademypress.com/insaintgeorgesname.aspx
 
| source link = http://www.freelanceacademypress.com/insaintgeorgesname.aspx
 
| source title= ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''
 
| source title= ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''
Line 1,888: Line 1,994:
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Nuremberg Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Version]]
+
| work        = [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Transcription]]
 
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
 
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/3227a/index.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)]]
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Chart.A.558)|Gotha Version]]
 
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
 
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/talhoffer_gotha_a558/02_liechtenauer.php
 
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
 
 
| license    = copyrighted
 
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Codex Danzig (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Version]]
+
| work        = [[Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)|Rome Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/peter_von_danzig/index.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Starhemberg Fechtbuch (Cod.44.A.8)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|Copenhagen Version]]
+
| work        = [[Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)|Copenhagen Transcription]]
 
| authors    = [[Dieter Bachmann]]
 
| authors    = [[Dieter Bachmann]]
| source link = http://freywild.ch/wiki/index.php?title=Thott
+
| source link =  
| source title= Freywild.ch
+
| source title= [[Index:Talhoffer Fechtbuch (MS Thott.290.2º)]]
 
| license    = public domain 0
 
| license    = public domain 0
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Codex Lew (Cod.I.6..3)|Augsburg Version]]
+
| work        = [[Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅰ Transcription]]
 
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
 
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/jude_lew/index.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Wolfenbüttel Picture Book (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)]]
 
| license    = copyrighted
 
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Wolfenbüttel Sketchbook (Cod.Guelf.78.2 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Version]]
+
| work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)|Bologna Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/gladiatoria_wolfenbuettel/01_fechtbuch.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS 1825)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Version I]]
+
| work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)|Munich Ⅰ Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/paulus_kal/index.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (Cgm 1507)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Die Meisterlieder des Hans Folz (MS Q.566)|Wiemar Version]]
+
| work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Andreas Meier]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.pragmatische-schriftlichkeit.de/transkription/trans_q566.pdf
+
| source link =  
| source title= Gesellschaft für pragmatische Schriftlichkeit
+
| source title= [[Index:Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Paulus Kal Fechtbuch (MS KK5126)|Vienna Version]]
+
| work        = [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Carsten&nbsp;orbeer]], [[Julia&nbsp;Lorbeer]], [[Andreas&nbsp;Meier]], [[Marita&nbsp;Wiedner]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.pragmatische-schriftlichkeit.de/transkription/edition_paulus_kal.pdf
+
| source link =  
| source title= Gesellschaft für pragmatische Schriftlichkeit
+
| source title= [[Index:Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Version]]
+
| work        = [[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
| authors    = [[Per Magnus Haaland]], [[Grzegorz Żabiński]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/hans_von_speyer/index.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = various
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Johan Liechtnawers Fechtbuch geschriebenn (MS Dresd.C.487)|Dresden Version]]
+
| work        = [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Munich Ⅱ Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
| authors    = [[Filip Lampart]], [[Martin Fabian]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/sigmund_ringeck/index.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Version]]
+
| work        = [[Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6..2)|Augsburg Ⅰ Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/emring_glasgow/index.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Wilhalm/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6..2)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Goliath Fechtbuch (MS Germ.Quart.2020)|Krakow Version]]
+
| work        = [[Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)|Glasgow Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Bartłomiej Walczak]]
+
| authors    =  
| source link = http://www.arma.lh.pl/badania.html
+
| source link =  
| source title= ARMA Poland
+
| source title= [[Index:Gregor Erhart Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.354)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    =  
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = ''[[Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey (Andre Paurñfeyndt)|Ergrundung Ritterlicher Kunst der Fechterey]]''
+
| work        = [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Ⅱ Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Michael Chidester]]
+
| authors    = [[Werner Ueberschär]]
| source link =  
+
| source link =  
| source title= Wiktenauer
+
| source title= [[Index:Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)]]
| license    = noncommercial
+
| license    = noncommercial
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = ''[[Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst (Christian Egenolff)|Der Altenn Fechter anfengliche kunst]]''
+
| work        = [[Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)|Munich Ⅲ Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Alex Kiermayer]]
+
| authors    =  
| source link = http://www.hauppauge.de/~freifechter/egenolph.html
+
| source link =  
| source title= Die Freifechter Gesellschaft für Historische Fechtkunst e.V.
+
| source title= [[Index:Maister Liechtenawers Kunstbuech (Cgm 3712)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    =  
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Jörg Wilhalm Hutters kunst zu Augspurg (Cgm 3711)|Munich Version II]]
+
| work        = [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Ⅱ Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Filip Lampart]], [[Martin Fabian]]
+
| authors    = [[Kevin Maurer]]
| source link = http://fecht-kunst.eu/files/wilhalm_prepis.pdf
+
| source link =  
| source title= Fecht-Kunst
+
| source title= [[Index:Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = noncommercial
 
}}
 
}}
 +
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Hutter/Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cod.I.6.2º.2)|Augsburg Version II]]
+
| work        = [[Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)|Nuremberg Transcription]]
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.hammaborg.de/en/transkriptionen/wilhalm_sollinger/04_sollinger.php
+
| source link =  
| source title= Hammaborg Historischer Schwertkampf
+
| source title= [[Index:Pol Hausbuch (MS 3227a)]]
| license    = copyrighted
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Über die Fechtkunst und den Ringkampf (MS 963)|Graz Version]]
+
| work        = [[Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)|Salzburg Transcription]]
| authors    =  
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link =  
+
| source link =  
| source title=  
+
| source title= [[Index:Codex Speyer (MS M.I.29)]]
| license    =  
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| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Rast Fechtbuch (Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82)|Augsburg Version III]]
+
| work        = [[Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)|Vienna Transcription Ⅱ]]
| authors    = [[Werner Ueberschär]]
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
| source link = http://www.schwertbund-nurmberg.de/TranskriptionAnthonyRast.pdf
+
| source link =  
| source title= Schwertbund Nurmberg e.V.
+
| source title= [[Index:Oplodidaskalia sive Armorvm Tractandorvm Meditatio Alberti Dvreri (MS 26-232)]]
| license    = noncommercial
+
| license    = copyrighted
 
}}
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
{{sourcebox
| work        = [[Lienhart Sollinger Fechtbuch (Cgm 3712)|Munich Version III]]
+
| work        = [[Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)|Glasgow Ⅱ Transcription]]
| authors    =  
+
| authors    = [[Dierk Hagedorn]]
 
| source link =  
 
| source link =  
| source title=
+
| source title= [[Index:Glasgow Fechtbuch (MS E.1939.65.341)]]
| license    =
+
| license    = copyrighted
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = [[Hans Endter Fechtbuch|Hans Endter]]
 
| authors    = [[Carl Michael Wiechmann-Kadow]]
 
| source link =
 
| source title=
 
| license    = fair use
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = [[Fechtbuch zu Ross und zu Fuss (MS Var.82)|Rostock Version]]
 
| authors    = [[Hans Talhoffer (Blogger)|Anonymous]]
 
| source link = http://talhoffer.wordpress.com/
 
| source title= The fencing and life of Hans Talhoffer
 
| license    = linkware
 
}}
 
{{sourcebox
 
| work        = [[Künnst zu fechten vonn dem Lienhartt Sollinger (Cod.Guelf.38.21 Aug.2º)|Wolfenbüttel Version II]]
 
| authors    =
 
| source link =
 
| source title=
 
| license    =  
 
 
}}
 
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== Additional Resources ==
 
== Additional Resources ==
  
* [[Hans-Peter Hils|Hils, Hans-Peter]] (in German). ''Meister Johann Liechtenauers Kunst des langen Schwertes''. P. Lang, 1985. ISBN 978-38-204812-9-7
+
{{bibliography}}
* [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts''. Wheaton, IL: [[Freelance Academy Press]], 2010. ISBN 978-0-9825911-1-6
 
* [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''In Service of the Duke: The 15th Century Fighting Treatise of Paulus Kal''. Highland Village, TX: [[Chivalry Bookshelf]], 2006. ISBN 978-1-891448-25-6
 
* [[Christian Henry Tobler|Tobler, Christian Henry]]. ''Secrets of German Medieval Swordsmanship''. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2001. ISBN 1-891448-07-2
 
* [[Jeffrey Hull|Hull, Jeffrey]], with [[Monika Maziarz|Maziarz, Monika]] and [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. ''Knightly Dueling: The Fighting Arts of German Chivalry''. Boulder, CO: [[Paladin Press]], 2007. ISBN 978-1581606744
 
* [[Martin Wierschin|Wierschin, Martin]] (in German). ''Meister Johann Liechtenauers Kunst des Fechtens''. Muunich: C. H. Beck, 1965.
 
* [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. ''The Longsword Teachings of Master Liechtenauer. The Early Sixteenth Century Swordsmanship Comments in the "Goliath" Manuscript.'' Poland: [[Adam Marshall]], 2010. ISBN 978-83-7611-662-4
 
* [[Grzegorz Żabiński|Żabiński, Grzegorz]]. "Unarmored Longsword Combat by Master Liechtenauer via Priest Döbringer." ''Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts''. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
 
* ''[http://www.archive.org/details/anzeigerfurkunde01germ Anzeiger für Kunde der deutschen Vorzeit]'' (in German). Nuremberg: [[Germanisches Nationalmuseum|Verlag der Artistisch-literarischen Anstalt des Germanischen Museums]], 1854.
 
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==
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[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Longsword]]
 
[[Category:Mounted Fencing]]
 
[[Category:Mounted Fencing]]
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[[Category:New format]]
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[[Category:Modular display candidate]]

Latest revision as of 14:42, 1 November 2024

Die Zettel
The Recital
Johannes Liechtenauer.png
Full Title A Recital on the Chivalric
Art of Fencing
Ascribed to Johannes Liechtenauer
Illustrated by Unknown
Date Fifteenth century (?)
Genre
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Principal
Manuscript(s)
Manuscript(s)
First Printed
English Edition
Tobler, 2010
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

Johannes Liechtenauer (Hans Lichtenauer, Lichtnawer) was a 15th century German fencing master. No direct record of his life or teachings currently exists, and all that we know of both comes from the writings of other masters and scholars. The only account of his life was written by the anonymous author of the Pol Hausbuch, one of the oldest texts in the tradition, who stated that "Master Liechtenauer learnt and mastered the Art in a thorough and rightful way, but he did not invent and put together this Art (as was just stated). Instead, he traveled and searched many countries with the will of learning and mastering this rightful and true Art." He may have been alive at the time of the creation of the fencing treatise contained in the Pol Hausbuch, as that source is the only one to fail to accompany his name with a blessing for the dead.

Liechtenauer was described by many later masters as the "high master" or "grand master" of the art, and a long poem called the Zettel ("Recital") is generally attributed to him by these masters. Later masters in the tradition often wrote extensive glosses (commentaries) on this poem, using it to structure their own martial teachings. Liechtenauer's influence on the German fencing tradition as we currently understand it is almost impossible to overstate. The masters on Paulus Kal's roll of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer were responsible for most of the most significant fencing manuals of the 15th century, and Liechtenauer and his teachings were also the focus of the German fencing guilds that arose in the 15th and 16th centuries, including the Marxbrüder and the Veiterfechter.

Additional facts have sometimes been presumed about Liechtenauer based on often-problematic premises. The Pol Hausbuch, often erroneously dated to 1389 and presumed to be written by a direct student of Liechtenauer's, has been treated as evidence placing Liechtenauer's career in the mid-1300s.[1] However, given that the Pol Hausbuch may date as late as 1494 and the earliest records of the identifiable members of his tradition appear in the mid 1400s, it seems more probable that Liechtenauer's career occurred toward the beginning of the 15th century. Ignoring the Pol Hausbuch as being of indeterminate date, the oldest version of the Recital that is attributed to Liechtenauer was recorded by Hans Talhoffer in the MS Chart.A.558 (ca. 1448), which further supports this timeline.[2]

Treatise

Liechtenauer's teachings are preserved in a long poem of rhyming couplets called the Zettel ("Recital"), covering fencing with the "long" or extended sword (i.e. with both hands at one end of the sword), the "short" or withdrawn sword (i.e. with one hand at either end), and on horseback. These "obscure and cryptic words" were designed to prevent the uninitiated from learning the techniques they represented; they also seem to have offered a system of mnemonic devices to those who understood their significance. The Recital was treated as the core of the Art by his students, and masters such as Sigmund ain Ringeck, Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt, and Lew wrote extensive glosses that sought to clarify and expand upon these teachings.

In addition to the verses on mounted fencing, several treatises in the Liechtenauer tradition include a group of twenty-six "figures" (figuren)—phrases that are shorter than Liechtenauer's couplets and often arranged into the format of a Medieval tree diagram. These figures seem to encode the same teachings as the verses of the mounted fencing, and both are quoted in the mounted glosses. However, figures follow a very different structure than the Zettel does, and seem to present an alternative sequence for studying Liechtenauer's techniques. It is not known why the mounted fencing is the only section of the Recital to receive figures in addition to verse.

Seventeen manuscripts contain a presentation of at least one section of the Recital as a distinct (unglossed) section; there are dozens more presentations of the verse as part of one of the several glosses. The longest version of the Recital by far is actually found in one of these glosses, that of Pseudo-Hans Döbringer, which contains almost twice as many verses as any other; however, given that the additional verses tend to either be repetitions from elsewhere in the Recital or use a very different style from Liechtenauer's work, they are generally treated as additions by the anonymous author or his instructor rather than being part of the original Recital. The other surviving versions of the Recital from all periods show a high degree of consistency in both content and organization, excepting only the much shorter version attributed to H. Beringer (which is also included in the writings of Hans Folz).

The following concordance tables include only those texts that quote Liechtenauer's Recital in an unglossed form.[3] Most manuscripts present the Recital as prose, and those have had the text separated out into the original verses to offer a consistent view. For ease of use, this page breaks the general Wiktenauer rule that column format remain consistent across all tables on a page; the sheer number of Liechtenauer sources made this convention entirely unworkable, with more columns empty than filled, so instead the long sword table uses one layout, the mounted and short sword tables use another, and the figures use a third.

Note: This article includes a prior (2010) version of Christian Tobler's translation. A revised version of the translation was published in 2021 by Freelance Academy Press as part of The Peter von Danzig Fight Book; it can be purchased in hardcover.

Additional Resources

The following is a list of publications containing scans, transcriptions, and translations relevant to this article, as well as published peer-reviewed research.

References

  1. Christian Henry Tobler. "Chicken and Eggs: Which Master Came First?" In Saint George's Name: An Anthology of Medieval German Fighting Arts. Wheaton, IL: Freelance Academy Press, 2010. p6
  2. There is one version of the Recital that predates Talhoffer's, recorded in MS G.B.f.18a (ca. 1418-28) and attributed to an H. Beringer; this also conforms to a 15th century timeline and suggests the possibility that Liechtenauer was himself an inheritor of the teachings contained in the Zettel rather than its original composer (presentations of the Recital that are entirely unattributed exist in other 15th and 16th century manuscripts). Alternatively, the Beringer verse, which includes only portions of the Recital on the Long Sword, may represent just one of the teachings that Liechtenauer received and compiled over the course of the journeys described in the Pol Hausbuch.
  3. The figures are often given as a preamble for the gloss of Lew, and a fragment of the short sword to the teachings of Martin Huntsfeld, but those instances will not be included below and instead treated as part of those treatises.
  4. The text diverges here, omitting Liechtenauer's couplet and inserting this quatrain instead:
    Dagge swert stãge lãse schon
    Messer bockler has vñ rõken
    Taegñ darde vnd schilt
    Miden allen zu ringe~ uff du wilt
  5. First letter almost illegible.
  6. First letter illegible.
  7. Talhoffer adds the following couplet: "Nun merck aber furbaß / und verstand ouch gar rechte daz".
  8. Text terminates at this point. The leaves with the rest of the text are gone, probably lost.
  9. kam
  10. deinen
  11. faler
  12. Talhoffer breaks up the Haupstucke differently, and inserts the following additional couplet: "überlouffen bind wol an / nit stand luog waß er kan".
  13. Gotha inserts the title Das ist der krieck in this position, but no other version separates it in that way.
  14. Text adds an additional couplet: "hastu es vernomen zu kain / schlag mag er komen".
  15. Text adds an additional couplet: "hast dus vernomen / zu kaim schlag mag er komen".
  16. Text adds an additional couplet: "hastu es vernomen / zu kainen schlag mag er komen."
  17. Talhoffer expands upon Liechtenauer's couplet and adds two additional lines: "und erschrick ab kainem man / stand und sich in ernstlich an".
  18. Text adds an additional line: "das son ich vernomen".
  19. Text adds an additional line: "ha das han ich vernomen".
  20. There is no space between "Dupliere" and "doniden", the "D" was possibly added later.
  21. Text adds an additional line: "dz haw ich vermunen??".
  22. Corrected from »Im«.
  23. The text doubles the title of this section.
  24. 24.0 24.1 Corrected from »Twir«.
  25. haust
  26. Talhoffer adds an additional couplet: [4r] "So machst du in wol betöwben / Die faller in kunst berowben"
  27. Hier hat der Schreiber offensichtlich ein Häkchen vergessen.
  28. should be "dreffen"
  29. This section is followed by one titled "Von durchlauffen ab seczen", which repeat the verse on Absetzen.
  30. Talhoffer adds four additional verses: "und gang nach an den man / stoss mit dem ghiltz schon / wiltu denn nit schallen / so hastu zway eynfallen".
  31. Text adds an additional couplet: "Das schwertt bind / zu der fleche truck in die hend".
  32. Text adds an additional couplet: "Das schwert binden / zu der flech trukh in die hand"
  33. Talhoffer begins this section with two additional verses: "wer dir zestarck welle sin / heng fall im oben eyn".
  34. Text adds an additional couplet: "thutt er sich gegen dir greisen / schlagen das er seisse".
  35. Text adds an additional couplet: "thutt er sich gegen dir greifen / schlagen das er Seise".
  36. Text adds an additional couplet: "thuet er sich gegen dir raisen / schlagen dz er seisse."
  37. ";" in a circle
  38. A guide letter “w” is visible under the “U” (apparently ignored by the rubricator), making the intended word “Wer”.
  39. Hier ist anscheinend dem Schreiber das Leerzeichen verrutscht.