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Difference between revisions of "Paulus Hector Mair"

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| signature            = [[File:Paulus Hector Mair Sig.png|170px]]
 
| signature            = [[File:Paulus Hector Mair Sig.png|170px]]
 
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| translations        = {{French translation|:file:Paulus Hector Mair French translation (sickle).pdf|2}}
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| translations        = {{French translation|http://www.scribd.com/doc/210216808/Le-combat-a-la-faucille-Sichel-de-Paul-Hector-Mair|1}}
 
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'''Here follows the traverse wrestling techniques'''
 
'''Here follows the traverse wrestling techniques'''
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When you wrestle with someone with outstreched arms, break free with one arm and reach out towards his leg as if you wanted to pull it towards you, and as he then sees it and pulls back his foot, then reach after his leg with the arm extended, and step with your foot behind him in the traverse, that way you will throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
 
When you wrestle with someone with outstreched arms, break free with one arm and reach out towards his leg as if you wanted to pull it towards you, and as he then sees it and pulls back his foot, then reach after his leg with the arm extended, and step with your foot behind him in the traverse, that way you will throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
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Execute the second traverse thus: if you wrestle your opponent with outstreched arms, then quickly break loose with your right, and reach with it under his left arm. Then, step behind his right foot with your right foot, and throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
 
Execute the second traverse thus: if you wrestle your opponent with outstreched arms, then quickly break loose with your right, and reach with it under his left arm. Then, step behind his right foot with your right foot, and throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
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Is done thus: when you wrestle with your opponent with outstreched arms (or long arms as we call it), then break free with your right arm and lean forward upon him holding his arms with both your hands, and turn away from him so that you get your opponent on your back, and throw him on his back. This can be done from both sides.  
 
Is done thus: when you wrestle with your opponent with outstreched arms (or long arms as we call it), then break free with your right arm and lean forward upon him holding his arms with both your hands, and turn away from him so that you get your opponent on your back, and throw him on his back. This can be done from both sides.  
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The fourth is executed thus: when you wrestle with your opponent with extended arms, then break free with your right arm and pull him around and towards you a little, then step with your right foot behind his right, then put your right elbow under his right arm, you may throw him on his back. This can be done from both sides.
 
The fourth is executed thus: when you wrestle with your opponent with extended arms, then break free with your right arm and pull him around and towards you a little, then step with your right foot behind his right, then put your right elbow under his right arm, you may throw him on his back. This can be done from both sides.
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Is executed thus: break loose with your right arm and turn around with him a little, and then quickly pull him towards you, and lift your right arm as high as you can, and reach over his right arm around his back adn step behind him with your right foot and sweep him with the knee, then you will throw him on his back.
 
Is executed thus: break loose with your right arm and turn around with him a little, and then quickly pull him towards you, and lift your right arm as high as you can, and reach over his right arm around his back adn step behind him with your right foot and sweep him with the knee, then you will throw him on his back.
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Is done thus: free your right arm and go around him a little, and push him away hard. Then quickly pull him towards you, and put your right hand on the outside of his right knee, put your right shoulder on his right arm, lower him down, that way you will throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
 
Is done thus: free your right arm and go around him a little, and push him away hard. Then quickly pull him towards you, and put your right hand on the outside of his right knee, put your right shoulder on his right arm, lower him down, that way you will throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
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shoulder under his right arm and push him down to the ground, that way you will throw him to the  
 
shoulder under his right arm and push him down to the ground, that way you will throw him to the  
 
ground.
 
ground.
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If someone goes down into the scales and hinders you to do any traverse technique mentioned above, then break free your right arm, and make a lock-hold on his right arm. Then, if you pull him backwards, you will break his arm. Even this can be done on both sides.
 
If someone goes down into the scales and hinders you to do any traverse technique mentioned above, then break free your right arm, and make a lock-hold on his right arm. Then, if you pull him backwards, you will break his arm. Even this can be done on both sides.
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Line 3,448: Line 3,431:
  
 
When you wrestle with someone and you both hold each other with straight arms, then grab with your left hand on his left wrist, and twist it around, and grab his right elbow with your right hand and step forward with the right foot, you break his arm. This can also be done from the other side.
 
When you wrestle with someone and you both hold each other with straight arms, then grab with your left hand on his left wrist, and twist it around, and grab his right elbow with your right hand and step forward with the right foot, you break his arm. This can also be done from the other side.
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Line 3,463: Line 3,444:
  
 
When you wrestle with someone with extended arms, then lower yourself into the scale, and do not let him get under you. If he then tries to grapple after a traverse, then grab his elbow push him from you, and step in front of him with one foot, then you will throw him on face first. This can be executed on both sides as well.  
 
When you wrestle with someone with extended arms, then lower yourself into the scale, and do not let him get under you. If he then tries to grapple after a traverse, then grab his elbow push him from you, and step in front of him with one foot, then you will throw him on face first. This can be executed on both sides as well.  
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Line 3,478: Line 3,457:
  
 
When you are wrestling with someone who is strong and is not able to do any good techniques, then make sure as soon as you get free of him, strike with your inward turned arm on his inward turned arm from the outside, and underneath you grip his left leg, that way you break his arm. This can be executed on both sides.
 
When you are wrestling with someone who is strong and is not able to do any good techniques, then make sure as soon as you get free of him, strike with your inward turned arm on his inward turned arm from the outside, and underneath you grip his left leg, that way you break his arm. This can be executed on both sides.
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Line 3,493: Line 3,470:
  
 
If you wrestle someone with outstretched arms and he will not let you do any traverse technique, then break free from him and walk around him a bit, and then push him forcefully and then quickly pull him towards you, and put your head in under his right arm, and reach with your right arm around his right foot and lift him up.  
 
If you wrestle someone with outstretched arms and he will not let you do any traverse technique, then break free from him and walk around him a bit, and then push him forcefully and then quickly pull him towards you, and put your head in under his right arm, and reach with your right arm around his right foot and lift him up.  
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Line 3,506: Line 3,481:
 
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If anyone has grabbed hold of you as described above, then pull your foot far away from you and lay on top of him and make yourself heavy, while you make sure he cannot reach any of your feet. Then, if you turn around with him you throw him to the ground.
 
If anyone has grabbed hold of you as described above, then pull your foot far away from you and lay on top of him and make yourself heavy, while you make sure he cannot reach any of your feet. Then, if you turn around with him you throw him to the ground.
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If your opponent lays himself on top of you in above mentioned way, then grab around both his arms firmly, turn around behind his back, and extend your legs far, and you will throw him on his back. This technique can be executed on both sides.
 
If your opponent lays himself on top of you in above mentioned way, then grab around both his arms firmly, turn around behind his back, and extend your legs far, and you will throw him on his back. This technique can be executed on both sides.
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When your opponent lays himself on top of you so heavily that you cannot free yourself from him, then grab hold around both his arms as hard as you can. Then quickly stoop down and thrust your head into his stomach with all your might, and throw him face first over your back thus.
 
When your opponent lays himself on top of you so heavily that you cannot free yourself from him, then grab hold around both his arms as hard as you can. Then quickly stoop down and thrust your head into his stomach with all your might, and throw him face first over your back thus.
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Line 3,551: Line 3,520:
  
 
When you wrestle with someone out of equal holds, then lower your self into the scales, but do not close your arms, as you will use them. When your opponent then wants to lift you up with force, then wait until he lower himself down and bends the knee, then sweep it with your own knee from outside, and you will throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
 
When you wrestle with someone out of equal holds, then lower your self into the scales, but do not close your arms, as you will use them. When your opponent then wants to lift you up with force, then wait until he lower himself down and bends the knee, then sweep it with your own knee from outside, and you will throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
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If someone has swept your knee as described above, so that you must fall, then make sure to hold firmly with your right arm, and stretch out your leg far underneath, and throw your self forcefully and put the left hand on the ground. That way you will throw your opponent over you. This technique is called withfall, and the third foot, and it can be done on both sides.
 
If someone has swept your knee as described above, so that you must fall, then make sure to hold firmly with your right arm, and stretch out your leg far underneath, and throw your self forcefully and put the left hand on the ground. That way you will throw your opponent over you. This technique is called withfall, and the third foot, and it can be done on both sides.
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Line 3,581: Line 3,546:
  
 
If you wrestle with someone strong in equal holds, and he lifts you up hard, then grab behind his chin with your left hand and push him from you. As soon as lets go of you, grab his wrist with your right hand and step forward with your right foot, that way you will throw him as well as break/dislocate his arm. This can be done on both sides.
 
If you wrestle with someone strong in equal holds, and he lifts you up hard, then grab behind his chin with your left hand and push him from you. As soon as lets go of you, grab his wrist with your right hand and step forward with your right foot, that way you will throw him as well as break/dislocate his arm. This can be done on both sides.
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Line 3,596: Line 3,559:
  
 
When your opponent is holding you in the same manner, and has both arms closed together, and is about to step forward, then grab your right hand with your left, and pull it forward, then you break/dislocate his arm. This can be done on both sides.
 
When your opponent is holding you in the same manner, and has both arms closed together, and is about to step forward, then grab your right hand with your left, and pull it forward, then you break/dislocate his arm. This can be done on both sides.
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Line 3,611: Line 3,572:
  
 
When you are wrestling someone on equal holds, then note that as soon as he wants to pull you towards him or press you, you grab hold of his right arm with both of yours, and put your shoulder under his right arm. If he then wants to pull you over with force, then make sure that you grab hold of one of his legs. This can be done on both sides.
 
When you are wrestling someone on equal holds, then note that as soon as he wants to pull you towards him or press you, you grab hold of his right arm with both of yours, and put your shoulder under his right arm. If he then wants to pull you over with force, then make sure that you grab hold of one of his legs. This can be done on both sides.
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Line 3,626: Line 3,585:
  
 
If your opponent is stronger than you, and is about to lift one of your legs up forcefully, then put your leg around his leg. If someone on the other hand has closed his leg around yours, then lift up his foot and pull it towards you. If you then sweep his free leg with your closed legs, he will fall backwards. This can be done on the other side as well.
 
If your opponent is stronger than you, and is about to lift one of your legs up forcefully, then put your leg around his leg. If someone on the other hand has closed his leg around yours, then lift up his foot and pull it towards you. If you then sweep his free leg with your closed legs, he will fall backwards. This can be done on the other side as well.
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Line 3,641: Line 3,598:
  
 
If you wrestle with someone who is stronger than you, make sure above all that you hook his leg well, and thrust him backwards, and then pull him towards you again, then sweep the leg you hooked, and you will then throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
 
If you wrestle with someone who is stronger than you, make sure above all that you hook his leg well, and thrust him backwards, and then pull him towards you again, then sweep the leg you hooked, and you will then throw him on his back. This can be done on both sides.
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Line 3,656: Line 3,611:
  
 
When you wrestle with a strong opponent, and he hooks your leg with force, then pull him towards you as hard as you can with right hand and step with your hooked leg on top of his free foot, and push him away from you above, you will throw him on his face.
 
When you wrestle with a strong opponent, and he hooks your leg with force, then pull him towards you as hard as you can with right hand and step with your hooked leg on top of his free foot, and push him away from you above, you will throw him on his face.
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| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305r.jpg|1|lbl=305r}}
 
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|  
  
Line 3,671: Line 3,624:
  
 
If someone has hooked your leg, and grabbed you by your free arm, and wants to throw you, then grab him with your lower arm from behind over his arm and push him forward, then you break his arm and throws him face first. This can be done on both sides.
 
If someone has hooked your leg, and grabbed you by your free arm, and wants to throw you, then grab him with your lower arm from behind over his arm and push him forward, then you break his arm and throws him face first. This can be done on both sides.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 132v.png|1|lbl=132v}}
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{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 132v.png|1|lbl=132v}}
 
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,686: Line 3,637:
  
 
If you see that your opponent wants to bring you out of the leg hook, then quickly stretch out hard on him, step with the same foot before him and twist your hip into his groin and grab him with your left hand behind his leg. That way you will throw him over your back. This can be done from both sides.
 
If you see that your opponent wants to bring you out of the leg hook, then quickly stretch out hard on him, step with the same foot before him and twist your hip into his groin and grab him with your left hand behind his leg. That way you will throw him over your back. This can be done from both sides.
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 132v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 132v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,701: Line 3,650:
  
 
If your opponent is faster than you and gets both his arm underneath yours and wants to throw you over or press you down, then grab his head with both hands and thrust it up and away from you, that way you will break his neck.
 
If your opponent is faster than you and gets both his arm underneath yours and wants to throw you over or press you down, then grab his head with both hands and thrust it up and away from you, that way you will break his neck.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 132v.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 132v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
−
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305v.jpg|1|lbl=305v}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305v.jpg|1|lbl=305v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,716: Line 3,663:
  
 
If your opponent grabs you with his left hand on your collar and with his right hand underneath by the jacket, then grab with your left hand in the wrist on his left hand, turn around and put your right elbow on top if his arm and press him down. That can be done on both sides.
 
If your opponent grabs you with his left hand on your collar and with his right hand underneath by the jacket, then grab with your left hand in the wrist on his left hand, turn around and put your right elbow on top if his arm and press him down. That can be done on both sides.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133r.png|1|lbl=133r}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133r.png|1|lbl=133r}}
 
−
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,731: Line 3,676:
  
 
If someone lowers his left arm and hinders you from turning around, then grab around his right arm with both your arms from below near by the wrist heave him up, that way you will break his arm. This can be done on both sides.
 
If someone lowers his left arm and hinders you from turning around, then grab around his right arm with both your arms from below near by the wrist heave him up, that way you will break his arm. This can be done on both sides.
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
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|  
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+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
−
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 305v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,746: Line 3,689:
  
 
If someone embraces you behind the back while you wrestle, then quickly grab him by the hair with both your hands over your head, and throw him over your head. If you want to counter this, then grab hold of both his elbows and pull him backwards or bend your head down as far as you can, so that he cannot reach your hair.
 
If someone embraces you behind the back while you wrestle, then quickly grab him by the hair with both your hands over your head, and throw him over your head. If you want to counter this, then grab hold of both his elbows and pull him backwards or bend your head down as far as you can, so that he cannot reach your hair.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133r.png|3|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306r.jpg|1|lbl=306r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306r.jpg|1|lbl=306r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,761: Line 3,702:
  
 
If someone holds you so firmly that you cannot reach his hair, then hit him in the face, lower yourself down quickly and step with one foot behind him, that way you will throw your opponent on his back. That can be done on both sides.
 
If someone holds you so firmly that you cannot reach his hair, then hit him in the face, lower yourself down quickly and step with one foot behind him, that way you will throw your opponent on his back. That can be done on both sides.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133v.png|1|lbl=133v}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133v.png|1|lbl=133v}}
 
−
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,776: Line 3,715:
  
 
If someone holds you firmly and stands in the scales, and will not allow you to step underneath him, then grab him by one of his fingers, and break it loose. This however must be kept secret and never be used except in dire emergency.
 
If someone holds you firmly and stands in the scales, and will not allow you to step underneath him, then grab him by one of his fingers, and break it loose. This however must be kept secret and never be used except in dire emergency.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133v.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
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|  
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+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,791: Line 3,728:
  
 
If someone grabs around your chest in front of you, and has both of his arms under yours, then grab him with one hand in his collar and put one finger in his throat, then he must let go of you, and you can go under him, or throw him on his back.
 
If someone grabs around your chest in front of you, and has both of his arms under yours, then grab him with one hand in his collar and put one finger in his throat, then he must let go of you, and you can go under him, or throw him on his back.
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
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−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 133v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
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|  
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+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306v.jpg|1|lbl=306v}}
−
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306v.jpg|1|lbl=306v}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,806: Line 3,741:
  
 
If someone has grabbed you by the collar from behind and tries to hold you or stab you, then put your left hand on top of his hand in the wrist(?) and twist it around, put your right elbow on top of his arm and thrust down, then you break his arm. This can be done from both sides.  
 
If someone has grabbed you by the collar from behind and tries to hold you or stab you, then put your left hand on top of his hand in the wrist(?) and twist it around, put your right elbow on top of his arm and thrust down, then you break his arm. This can be done from both sides.  
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134r.png|1|lbl=134r}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134r.png|1|lbl=134r}}
 
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,821: Line 3,754:
  
 
When someone grabs you by the collar then turn to your left, and thrust with your right hand into his elbow and step with your left foot before him, that way you will throw him on his face. This can be done on both sides.  
 
When someone grabs you by the collar then turn to your left, and thrust with your right hand into his elbow and step with your left foot before him, that way you will throw him on his face. This can be done on both sides.  
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134r.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
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{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 306v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,836: Line 3,767:
  
 
When you wrestle with someone and you notice that he is about to punch you, then move both your hands to your belly, and step towards him. When he then tries to hit you in the face, catch the punch with the open palm of your right hand, and advance on him as follows below.
 
When you wrestle with someone and you notice that he is about to punch you, then move both your hands to your belly, and step towards him. When he then tries to hit you in the face, catch the punch with the open palm of your right hand, and advance on him as follows below.
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
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|  
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
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+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307r.jpg|1|lbl=307r}}
−
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307r.jpg|1|lbl=307r}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,851: Line 3,780:
  
 
When you have parried the blow with your right hand, step in deep with your right foot behind his right foot in the traverse, then you will throw him on his back.
 
When you have parried the blow with your right hand, step in deep with your right foot behind his right foot in the traverse, then you will throw him on his back.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134v.png|1|lbl=134v}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134v.png|1|lbl=134v}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 3,868: Line 3,796:
  
 
When someone tries to punch you in the face, then (parry and catch as before) and strike with your fist outstreched under his collar, and then grab around his leg with your right arm, and you will throw him on his back.
 
When someone tries to punch you in the face, then (parry and catch as before) and strike with your fist outstreched under his collar, and then grab around his leg with your right arm, and you will throw him on his back.
−
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+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134v.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
−
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,883: Line 3,809:
  
 
When your opponent tries to hit you, then catch the blow with the outside of the hand, and push him backwards with all your might. Then catch with your left hand from underneath around his right arm, and step behind his right foot with your left foot, that way you will throw him on his back and break his arm.
 
When your opponent tries to hit you, then catch the blow with the outside of the hand, and push him backwards with all your might. Then catch with your left hand from underneath around his right arm, and step behind his right foot with your left foot, that way you will throw him on his back and break his arm.
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+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134v.png|3|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 134v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307r.jpg|4|lbl=-}} {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307v.jpg|1|lbl=307v}}
+
| <p>{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307r.jpg|4|lbl=-|p=1}}{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307v.jpg|1|lbl=307v|p=1}}</p>
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,898: Line 3,822:
  
 
When someone has grabbed hold of your hair, then grab with your left hand over both of his hands onto the wrist of his right hand and with your right hand underneath on his elbow. Then, if you twist his arm upward, you will get free of him and break his arm.  
 
When someone has grabbed hold of your hair, then grab with your left hand over both of his hands onto the wrist of his right hand and with your right hand underneath on his elbow. Then, if you twist his arm upward, you will get free of him and break his arm.  
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135r.png|1|lbl=135r}}
 
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−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135r.png|1|lbl=135r}}
 
 
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+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
−
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,913: Line 3,835:
  
 
When both of you have grabbed each other by the hair, then grab hold of him as before, and twist his left hand on your right arm, and press down hard, and then hit him in the neck with your left hand.
 
When both of you have grabbed each other by the hair, then grab hold of him as before, and twist his left hand on your right arm, and press down hard, and then hit him in the neck with your left hand.
−
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+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135r.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
−
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 307v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,928: Line 3,848:
  
 
When someone has taken hold of you in the middle and wants to throw you on your back by headbutting you, then as quickly as you can, take hold of both his shoulders, so that you again can grab him by the collar. Then sweep his leg with your foot, and he will fall over.
 
When someone has taken hold of you in the middle and wants to throw you on your back by headbutting you, then as quickly as you can, take hold of both his shoulders, so that you again can grab him by the collar. Then sweep his leg with your foot, and he will fall over.
−
|  
+
| <p>{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135r.png|3|lbl=-|p=1}}{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135v.png|1|lbl=135v|p=1}}</p>
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135r.png|3|lbl=-}} {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135v.png|1|lbl=135v}}
 
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|  
−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308r.jpg|1|lbl=308r}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308r.jpg|1|lbl=308r}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,943: Line 3,861:
  
 
If someone has grabbed you the same way, then let go of his waist, and grab him behind the knees, and lift him up, that way you can either as you wish, throw him on his back, over your head, or run away with him.
 
If someone has grabbed you the same way, then let go of his waist, and grab him behind the knees, and lift him up, that way you can either as you wish, throw him on his back, over your head, or run away with him.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135v.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
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−
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+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,958: Line 3,874:
  
 
Grab him by the left hand with your right, and lift it well, go through with your head, and grab with your left hand in his right knee. Then lift him by the leg on your shoulders, and you will throw him over your back face first.
 
Grab him by the left hand with your right, and lift it well, go through with your head, and grab with your left hand in his right knee. Then lift him by the leg on your shoulders, and you will throw him over your back face first.
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
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|  
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 135v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
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|  
−
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+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
−
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,973: Line 3,887:
  
 
Grab hold with your left hand onto his right and twist it away from you on your left side, step with your right foot behind his right and grab with your right hand up front on his neck, and throw him over your right hip.
 
Grab hold with your left hand onto his right and twist it away from you on your left side, step with your right foot behind his right and grab with your right hand up front on his neck, and throw him over your right hip.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136r.png|1|lbl=136r}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136r.png|1|lbl=136r}}
 
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308v.jpg|1|lbl=308v}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308v.jpg|1|lbl=308v}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 3,988: Line 3,900:
  
 
If your opponent has is arms held high when advancing onto you, then run through him with the head under his right arm on his right side. Step in front of his right foot and grab around his waist from behind with your right arm. Lower yourself a little, lift him up on your right hip and throw him behind you.
 
If your opponent has is arms held high when advancing onto you, then run through him with the head under his right arm on his right side. Step in front of his right foot and grab around his waist from behind with your right arm. Lower yourself a little, lift him up on your right hip and throw him behind you.
−
|  
+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136r.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
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{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
+
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|  
 
|  
  
Line 4,003: Line 3,913:
  
 
When you have thrown your opponent to the ground, then knee him in the groin and hold both of his arms or his throat and press down, that way you may keep him down.
 
When you have thrown your opponent to the ground, then knee him in the groin and hold both of his arms or his throat and press down, that way you may keep him down.
 +
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136v.png|1|lbl=136v}}
 
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−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136v.png|1|lbl=136v}}
 
 
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| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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−
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 308v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
 
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Line 4,018: Line 3,926:
  
 
If you have been thrown to the ground by your opponent, then make sure above all things that your hands are not caught. Quickly, with one hand grab onto his face with the thumb under his chin and the rest of the fingers in his eyes, and press them away as hard as you can, and with the other hand hit him in the bladder. Extend the one leg that is the freest, and pull him towards you again, and he will receive a good hit to the groin as well. With these three moves mentioned here you will break free of him and weaken him as well.  
 
If you have been thrown to the ground by your opponent, then make sure above all things that your hands are not caught. Quickly, with one hand grab onto his face with the thumb under his chin and the rest of the fingers in his eyes, and press them away as hard as you can, and with the other hand hit him in the bladder. Extend the one leg that is the freest, and pull him towards you again, and he will receive a good hit to the groin as well. With these three moves mentioned here you will break free of him and weaken him as well.  
−
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+
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136v.png|2|lbl=-}}
−
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 136v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
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{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 309r.jpg|1|lbl=309r}}
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| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 309r.jpg|1|lbl=309r}}
 
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Revision as of 17:27, 3 March 2014

Paulus Hector Mair

"Mair", Cod.icon. 312b f 64r
Born 1517
Augsburg, Germany
Died 10 Dec 1579 (age 62)
Augsburg, Germany
Occupation
  • Civil servant
  • Historian
Nationality German
Movement
Influences
Genres
Language
Notable work(s) Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition		 Knight and Hunt, 2008
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations Traduction française
Signature Paulus Hector Mair Sig.png

Paulus Hector Mair (1517 – 1579) was a 16th century German civil servant and fencing enthusiast. He was born in Augsburg in 1517 to a wealthy and influential family in the German middle class (Bürger). In his youth, he likely received training in fencing and grappling from the masters of Augsburg fencing guild, and early on developed a deep fascination with fencing manuals. He began his civil service as a secretary to the Augsburg City Council; by 1541, Mair was the Augsburg City Treasurer, and in 1545 he also took on the duty of Master of Rations.

Mair lead a lavish lifestyle and maintained his political influence with expensive parties and other entertainments for the burghers and city officials of Augsburg. Despite his personal wealth and ample income, Mair spent decades living far beyond his means and taking money from the Augsburg city coffers to cover his expenses. This embezzlement was not discovered until 1579, when a disgruntled assistant reported him to the Augsburg City Council and provoked an audit of his books. Mair was arrested and tried for his crimes, and hanged as a thief at the age of 62.

While Mair is not known to have ever certified as a fencing master, he was an avid collector of fencing manuals and other literature on military history, and some portion of his embezzlement was used to fund this hobby. Perhaps most significant of all of his acquisitions was the partially-completed manual of Antonius Rast, a Master of the Longsword and one-time captain of the Marxbrüder fencing guild. The venerable master died in 1549 without completing it, and Mair ultimately was able to produce the Reichsstadt "Schätze" Nr. 82 based on his notes. In sum, he purchased over a dozen fencing manuscripts over the course of his life, many of them from fellow collector David Lienhart Sollinger (a Freifechter who lived in Augsburg for many years). After Mair's death, this collection was sold at auction as part of an attempt to recoup some of the funds Mair had appropriated.

Already in Mair's lifetime some of his people's Medieval martial arts were being forgotten; this was tragic to Mair, who viewed the arts of fencing as a civilizing and character-building influence on men. In order to preserve as much of the art as possible, Mair commissioned a massive fencing compendium titled Opus Amplissimum de Arte Athletica ("The Greatest Work on the Athletic Arts"), and in it he compiled all of the fencing lore that he could access. He retained famed Augsburg painter Jörg Breu the Younger to create the art for the text, and according to Hils Mair also hired two fencing masters to pose for the illustrations.[citation needed] This project was extraordinarily expensive and took at least four years to complete. Ultimately, three copies of the massive fencing manual—six volumes in all—were produced, the first entirely in Early New High German, another entirely in New Latin, and a third including both languages.

Whether viewed as a noble scholar who made the ultimate sacrifice for his art or an ignoble thief who robbed the city that trusted him, Mair remains one of the most influential figures in the history of Kunst des Fechtens. By completing the fencing manual of Antonius Rast, Mair gave us valuable insight into the Nuremberg fencing tradition, and his extensive commentary on the uncaptioned treatises in his collection serves to make useful training aids out of what would otherwise be mere curiosities. Finally, while his collection of manuscripts was dispersed after his death, most been preserved to this day instead of disappearing as did so many others, significantly expanding the corpus of historical European martial arts literature.

Mair's Collection

The following are the fencing manuals that Mair is known to have owned during his life:

Manuscripts

Books

Treatise

Additional Resources

  • Hunt, Brian. "Paulus Hector Mair: Peasant Staff and Flail." Masters of Medieval and Renaissance Martial Arts. Ed. Jeffrey Hull. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-668-3
  • Knight, David James, and Hunt, Brian. The Polearms of Paulus Hector Mair. Boulder, CO: Paladin Press, 2008. ISBN 978-1-58160-644-7

References

  1. ↑ Literally: put
  2. ↑ Literally: pull back the left foot
  3. ↑ German: his
  4. ↑ German: grab with your left hand from below outside over his right arm
  5. ↑ rechten
  6. ↑ Barred, or bolted.
  7. ↑ Pliers, or fire-tongs.
  8. ↑ Wrestlers wear a leather collar? Hmmm...
  9. ↑ Comb, carder?
  10. ↑ A variant on the o-goshi in judo.
  11. ↑ sic : Im mit
  12. ↑ »sst« oberhalb der Zeile korrigiert aus »fft«
  13. ↑ Which is what?
  14. ↑ Note: Change of grip required, or the illustration does not match.
  15. ↑ Dagger transfer necessary at this point.
  16. ↑ Note: person on left side starts with the dagger in the left hand according to the illustration.
  17. ↑ Note: push down, not out
  18. ↑ Arbait - technical term: work, force, struggle
  19. ↑ Vienna and Munich MS Latin: right.
  20. ↑ read: locitur
  21. ↑ Latin: snatch up.
  22. ↑ Note: the illustration shows ice-pick grip.
  23. ↑ "You will lick it!" Not pleasant if the dagger is lying on it. Especially in cold weather.
  24. ↑ May not represent the changing though described.
  25. ↑ Note illustration shows ice-pick grip.
  26. ↑ Note: left is corrected from a right. Left is correct.
  27. ↑ This seems to imply both parallel action and simultaneity.
  28. ↑ Reib - strong twisting, bending, rotating motion.
  29. ↑ Image shows left.
  30. ↑ From the inner side.
  31. ↑ From the Latin text
  32. ↑ Correct from underich.
  33. ↑ Could also mean immediately
  34. ↑ Only in the Latin.
  35. ↑ Inn - unclear whether directional or locational.
  36. ↑ The one in the left hand?
  37. ↑ Only in the Latin.
  38. ↑ Possible abbreviation of gegen – geg.
  39. ↑ Odd squiggle in the middle—f from previous line?
  40. ↑ Scribal error for pungito?
  41. ↑ Strange squiggle above the c.
  42. ↑ Squiggle – looks like the Munich MS symbol for us?
  43. ↑ Error for interim?
  44. ↑ Written as “in Clinando”
  45. ↑ NB, likely scribal error for “laevam”
  46. ↑ Second u has three dots almost like ǜ.
  47. ↑ Error for dextrum?
  48. ↑ sic : verborgnen
Early Germanic Traditions
Common Fencing Johannes Liechtenauer reversed.jpg
Wrestling
Liechtenauer
Tradition
Beringer Verse
Augsburg Tradition
Other Works
Fabris Tradition
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