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Difference between revisions of "Pseudo-Peter von Danzig"

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| {{red|Twofold it proceeds,<br/>&emsp;Step in left and be not lax.}}
 
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<p>Gloss: Mark, this is called the twofold Failer, drive it thus: when you come to him with the pre-fencing, then stand with the left foot before and hold your sword on your right shoulder, and when he is even to you, then spring well against him with the right foot on his left side, and do as if you would hew him with a free Thwart-strike to the left side of his head, but pull the hew before it hits, and spring with the left foot on his right side, and strike there to his head. If he parries and you hit his sword, then spring over to the same side near him, and slice him with the short edge behind his sword with the Doubling in his mouth.</p>
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<p>Gloss: Mark, this is called the twofold Failer, drive it thus: when you come to him with the pre-fencing, then stand with the left foot before and hold your sword on your right shoulder, and when he is even to you, then spring well against him with the right foot on his left side, and do as if you would hew him with a free Thwart-strike to the left side of his head, but pull the hew before it hits, and spring with the left foot on his right side, and strike there to his head. If he parries and you hit his sword, then spring over to the same side near him, and slice him with the short edge behind his sword with the Doubling in his mouth. {{red|b=1|Or}} fall in with the sword over both arms with the slice. </p>
 
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| <p>[68] {{red|b=1|Or}} fall in with the sword over both arms with the slice. Also you may thus well drive the Failer from the Over-hew as from the Thwart strike when you are even or when you want.</p>
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| <p>[68] Also you may thus well drive the Failer from the Over-hew as from the Thwart strike when you are even or when you want.</p>
 
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| <p>[95] ''When he has parried you,'' then wrench with your sword upwards on his sword’s blade, as if you would take off from his sword above, and remain on his sword and hew him, striking in with the long edge on the blade again into the head.</p>
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| <p>[95] then wrench with your sword upwards on his sword’s blade, as if you would take off from his sword above, and remain on his sword and hew him, striking in with the long edge on the blade again into the head.</p>
 
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| <p>[102] {{red|b=1|Here mark a good Travelling-after on the sword from Under-hewing:}}</p>
 
| <p>[102] {{red|b=1|Here mark a good Travelling-after on the sword from Under-hewing:}}</p>
  
<p>Mark, when you fence against him from Under-hewing, or from the slashing, or lie against him in the guard that is called Fool, if he then falls with his sword on yours before you therewith come up, then remain thus with your sword below on his and heave upwards. If he then Winds with the point into your face or breast on the sword, then let him not off from the sword, and follow him thereafter, and work in with the point to the next opening.</p>
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<p>Mark, when you fence against him from Under-hewing, or from the slashing, or lie against him in the guard that is called Fool, if he then falls with his sword on yours before you therewith come up, then remain thus with your sword below on his and heave upwards. If he then Winds with the point into your face or breast on the sword, then let him not off from the sword, and follow him thereafter, and work in with the point to the next opening. Or if he strikes around from the sword, then follow him or Travel-after with the point as before.</p>
 
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| <p>[103] Or if he strikes around from the sword, then follow him or Travel-after with the point as before.</p>
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| <p>[104] {{red|b=1|Mark}} you shall travel after him from all hews and from all guards as quickly as you can when he hews from you or opens himself with the sword. And see that afterward you do not open yourself to hews with the Travelling-after, and mark that to both sides.</p>
 
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| <p>[104] {{red|b=1|Mark}} you shall travel after him from all hews and from all guards as quickly as you can when he hews from you or opens himself with the sword. And see that afterward you do not open yourself to hews with the Travelling-after, and mark that to both sides.</p>
 
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<p>Gloss: Mark, the Feeling and the word Meanwhile are the greatest and the best art with the sword, and who is a Master of the Sword, or wants to be, and cannot understand the Feeling and the word Meanwhile, then is he not a Master, but he is a Buffalo of the Sword. Therefore you shall before all things learn well these two things so that you understand them rightly.</p>
 
<p>Gloss: Mark, the Feeling and the word Meanwhile are the greatest and the best art with the sword, and who is a Master of the Sword, or wants to be, and cannot understand the Feeling and the word Meanwhile, then is he not a Master, but he is a Buffalo of the Sword. Therefore you shall before all things learn well these two things so that you understand them rightly.</p>
 
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Revision as of 17:36, 30 May 2016

Gloss and Interpretation of
the Recital on the Long Sword
die gloss und die auslegung der zettel
des langen schwert
Author(s) Unknown
Ascribed to Pseudo-Peter von Danzig
Illustrated by Unknown
Date before 1452
Genre
Language Early New High German
Archetype(s) Hypothetical
Principal
Manuscript(s)
Manuscript(s)
First Printed
English Edition
Tobler, 2010
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

"Pseudo-Peter von Danzig" is the name given to an anonymous late 14th or early 15th century German fencing master.[1] Some time before the creation of the Codex 44.A.8 in 1452, he authored a gloss of Johannes Liechtenauer's Recital (Zettel) which would go on to become the most widespread in the tradition. While his identity remains unknown, it is possible that he was in fact Jud Lew or Sigmund Schining ein Ringeck, both of whose glosses show strong similarities to the work. On the other hand, the introduction to the Rome version of the text—the oldest currently extant—might be construed as attributing it to Liechtenauer himself.

Treatise

Early on in its history, the Pseudo-Peter von Danzig gloss seems to have split into two primary branches, and no definite copies of the unaltered original are known to survive. The gloss of Sigmund Schining ain Ringeck also seems to be related to this work, due to the considerable overlap in text and contents, but the exact nature of this relationship is currently unclear.

Branch A, appearing first in the Augsburg version (1450s) and comprising the majority of extant copies, has more devices overall than the other branch (particularly in the extensive Salzburg version of 1491) but generally shorter descriptions in areas of overlap. It also includes glosses of Liechtenauer's Recital on long sword and mounted fencing only, and in lieu of a gloss of Liechtenauer's short sword it is generally accompanied by the short sword teachings of Andre Liegniczer and Martin Huntfeltz. Apart from containing the most content, the Salzburg version is notable for including nine paragraphs of text that are not found in any other version of Pseudo-Peter von Danzig but do appear in Ringeck; this predates all known copies of Ringeck's text, but is another indicator of some connection between the works. Branch A was later used by Johannes Lecküchner as a source when he compiled his own gloss of a Recital on the Messer.

Branch B, appearing first in the Rome version (1452), is found in only four manuscripts; it has slightly longer descriptions than Branch A, but fewer devices overall. Branch B glosses Liechtenauer's entire Recital, including the short sword section, and may therefore be considered more complete than Branch A; it also different from Branch A in that three of the four known copies are illustrated to some extent where none in the other branch are. The Krakow version (1510-20) seems to be an incomplete (though extensively illustrated) copy taken directly from the Rome, while Augsburg II (1564) is taken from the Krakow but only includes the six illustrated devices of wrestling from the Krakow and their respective captions. Even more anomalous is the Glasgow version, which only consists of a sizeable fragment of the short sword gloss (hence its assignation to Branch B), and this is appended to a fragment of Ringeck's short sword gloss; since it accompanies Ringeck's long sword and mounted fencing glosses, a possible explanation is that the scribe lacked a complete copy of Ringeck's short sword gloss and tried to fill in the deficit with another similar text.

There is one version of the Pseudo-Peter von Danzig gloss that defies categorization into either branch, namely the Vienna version included in a 1480 manuscript along with Paulus Kal's work (Kal's personal level of involvement is unknown). The text of this version is more consistent with the generally shorter descriptions of Branch A, but the overall contents more closely match Branch B, lacking most of the unique devices of Branch A and including the gloss of the short sword. The Vienna version may therefore be a copy of the original gloss before it split into these branches (or it may merely be an odd attempt by a scribe to synthesize the two branches into a single, shorter work).

While Branches A and B were formerly presented in a single concordance in this article, the differences between them were revealed thereby to be extensive enough that they merit separate consideration. Thus Branch A has been placed on the page of Jud Lew, to whom is seemingly attributed the gloss on mounted fencing, while Branch B has been retained here. As the Vienna version cannot be cleanly assigned to one branch or the other, it appears in both concordances for comparative purposes.

Temporary

Temporary

Additional Resources

References

  1. This name stems from the false assumption of many 20th century writers identifying him with Peter von Danzig zum Ingolstadt.
  2. Per Rasmusson, Goliath text reads "...else the play further from the left side shall happen with the step and strike on other sides."
  3. Or "tap-hit".
  4. Könnte auch als »thun« gelesen werden.
  5. Lit. "he is".
  6. Couplets 102-109.
  7. Couplet 74.
  8. Squint here means "an askew glance", referring to both the sword's direction of travel and also the use of deception with the eyes with this hew.
  9. The Vienna incorporates material belonging to Branch A here.
  10. Letter erased and overwritten.
  11. This text is a repetition of the first paragraph on folio 68r, but this is the illustration that corresponds to the text in Goliath (folio 54v).
  12. Korrigiert aus »das«.
  13. 13.0 13.1 Indecipherable due to an ink blotch.
  14. Steht nach der nächsten Zeile.
  15. Steht nach der nächsten Zeile.
  16. Steht nach der nächsten Zeile.
  17. "Nachent in weyshait" is reversed in the text, with markings indicating the correct word order"
  18. Corrected from »sein«.
  19. Corrected from »seinem«.
  20. The rest vanishes in the binding.
  21. Corrected from »dam«.
  22. Corrected from »dem«.
  23. Corrected from »vchsel«.
  24. Korrigiert aus »sein«.
  25. Corrected from »mit«.