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{{master begin
 
{{master begin
 
  | title = Preface and Dedication
 
  | title = Preface and Dedication
  | width = 240em
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  | width = 270em
 
}}
 
}}
 
{| class="master"
 
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
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! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
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! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
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{{section|Page:Sienza e pratica d’arme (Johann Joachim Hynitzsch) 1677.pdf/78|6|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:Sienza e pratica d’arme (Johann Joachim Hynitzsch) 1677.pdf/78|6|lbl=-}}
|  
+
|
  
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| rowspan="2" | [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 00.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| rowspan="2" | [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 00.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| rowspan="2" | [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) segno.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 378: Line 403:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 01.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 01.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 01.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 392: Line 418:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 05.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 05.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 02.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 405: Line 432:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 02.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 02.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 03.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 417: Line 445:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 06.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 06.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 04.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 432: Line 461:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 12.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 12.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 05.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
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Line 452: Line 482:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 13.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 13.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 06.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 466: Line 497:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 16.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 16.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 07.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 478: Line 510:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 19.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 19.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 08.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 490: Line 523:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 03.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 03.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 09.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 507: Line 541:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 07.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 07.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 10.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 523: Line 558:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 09.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 09.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 11.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 544: Line 580:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 14.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 14.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 12.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 560: Line 597:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 04.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 04.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 13.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 577: Line 615:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 08.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 08.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 14.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 593: Line 632:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 10.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 10.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 15.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 615: Line 655:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 11.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 11.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 16.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
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Line 631: Line 672:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 15.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 15.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 17.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 647: Line 689:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 17.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 17.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 18.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 664: Line 707:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 18.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 18.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 19.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 678: Line 722:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 20.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 20.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 20.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 691: Line 736:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 21.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 21.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 21.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 718: Line 764:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 22.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 22.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 22.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
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Line 731: Line 778:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 23.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 23.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 23.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
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Line 746: Line 794:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 24.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 24.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 24.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
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|  
Line 766: Line 815:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 25.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 25.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 25.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
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|  
Line 781: Line 831:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 26.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 26.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 26.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
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|  
Line 797: Line 848:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 27.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 27.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 27.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
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Line 812: Line 864:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 28.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 28.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 28.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 827: Line 880:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 29.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 29.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 29.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
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Line 843: Line 897:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 30.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 30.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 30.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 859: Line 914:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 31.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 31.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 31.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 875: Line 931:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 32.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 32.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 32.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 892: Line 949:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 33.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 33.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 33.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 909: Line 967:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 34.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 34.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 34.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 923: Line 982:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 35.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 35.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 35.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 937: Line 997:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 36.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 36.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 36.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 952: Line 1,013:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 37.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 37.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 37.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 968: Line 1,030:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 38.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 38.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 38.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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Line 983: Line 1,046:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 39.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 39.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 39.jpg|400px|center]]
 
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|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,003: Line 1,067:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 40.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 40.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 40.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
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Line 1,023: Line 1,088:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 41.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 41.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 41.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,041: Line 1,107:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 42.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 42.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 42.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,057: Line 1,124:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 43.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 43.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 43.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,074: Line 1,142:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 45.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 45.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 44.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,090: Line 1,159:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 44.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 44.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 45.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,110: Line 1,180:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 46.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 46.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 46.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,128: Line 1,199:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 47.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 47.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 47.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,142: Line 1,214:
 
|-  
 
|-  
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 48.jpg|400px|center]]
 
| [[file:GKS 1868 1 detail 48.jpg|400px|center]]
 +
| [[file:Scienza d’Arme (Fabris) 48.jpg|400px|center]]
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
 
|  
Line 1,154: Line 1,227:
  
 
{{section|Page:Sienza e pratica d’arme (Johann Joachim Hynitzsch) 1677.pdf/147|5|lbl=-}}
 
{{section|Page:Sienza e pratica d’arme (Johann Joachim Hynitzsch) 1677.pdf/147|5|lbl=-}}
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Line 1,175: Line 1,249:
 
{| class="master"
 
{| class="master"
 
|-  
 
|-  
 +
! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>Images<br/></p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
 
! <p>{{rating}}<br/></p>
Line 1,185: Line 1,260:
  
 
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Line 1,227: Line 1,306:
  
 
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Line 1,238: Line 1,318:
  
 
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|
 
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Line 1,249: Line 1,330:
  
 
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Line 1,259: Line 1,341:
  
 
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Line 1,269: Line 1,352:
  
 
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Line 1,279: Line 1,363:
  
 
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Line 1,289: Line 1,374:
  
 
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Line 1,299: Line 1,385:
  
 
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Line 1,309: Line 1,396:
  
 
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Line 1,320: Line 1,408:
  
 
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Line 1,330: Line 1,419:
  
 
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Line 1,341: Line 1,431:
  
 
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 +
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|  
 
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Revision as of 04:46, 20 August 2020

Salvator Fabris
200px
Born 1544
Padua, Italy
Died 11 Nov 1618 (aged 74)
Padua, Italy
Occupation
Nationality Italian
Alma mater University of Padua (?)
Patron
  • Christianus IV of Denmark
  • Johan Frederik of Schleswig-
    Holstein-Gottorp
Influenced
Genres Fencing manual
Language Italian
Notable work(s) Scienza d’Arme (1606)
Manuscript(s)
Translations

Salvator Fabris (Salvador Fabbri, Salvator Fabriz, Fabrice; 1544-1618) was a 16th – 17th century Italian knight and fencing master. He was born in or around Padua, Italy in 1544, and although little is known about his early years, he seems to have studied fencing from a young age and possibly attended the prestigious University of Padua.[citation needed] The French master Henry de Sainct Didier recounts a meeting with an Italian fencer named "Fabrice" during the course of preparing his treatise (completed in 1573) in which they debated fencing theory, potentially placing Fabris in France in the early 1570s.[1] In the 1580s, Fabris corresponded with one Christian Barnekow, a Danish nobleman with ties to the royal court as well as an aluminus of the university.[2] It seems likely that Fabris traveled a great deal during the 1570s and 80s, spending time in France, Germany, Spain, and possibly other regions before returning to teach at his alma mater.[citation needed]

It is unclear if Fabris himself was of noble birth, but at some point he seems to have earned a knighthood. In fact, he is described in his treatise as Supremus Eques ("Supreme Knight") of the Order of the Seven Hearts. In Johann Joachim Hynitzsch's introduction to the 1676 edition, he identifies Fabris as a Colonel of the Order.[3] It seems therefore that he was not only a knight of the Order of the Seven Hearts, but rose to a high rank and perhaps even overall leadership.

Fabris' whereabouts in the 1590s are uncertain, but there are rumors. In 1594, he may have been hired by King Sigismund of Poland to assassinate his uncle Karl, a Swedish duke and competitor for the Swedish crown. According to the story, Fabris participated in a sword dance (or possibly a dramatic play) with a sharp sword and was to slay Karl during the performance when the audience was distracted. (The duke was warned and avoided the event, saving his life.)[4] In ca. 1599, Fabris may have been invited to England by noted playwright William Shakespeare to choreograph the fight scenes in his premier of Hamlet.[5][2] He also presumably spent considerable time in the 1590s developing the fencing manual that would guarantee his lasting fame.

What is certain is that by 1598, Fabris had left his position at the University of Padua and was attached to the court of Johan Frederik, the young duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp. He continued in the duke's service until 1601, and as a parting gift prepared a lavishly-illustrated, three-volume manuscript of his treatise entitled Scientia e Prattica dell'Arme (GI kongelig Samling 1868 4040).[2]

In 1601, Fabris was hired as chief rapier instructor to the court of Christianus IV, King of Denmark and Duke Johan Frederik's cousin. He ultimately served in the royal court for five years; toward the end of his tenure and at the king's insistence, he published his opus under the title Sienza e Pratica d’Arme ("Science and Practice of Arms") or De lo Schermo, overo Scienza d’Arme ("On Defense, or the Science of Arms"). Christianus funded this first edition and placed his court artist, Jan van Halbeeck, at Fabris' disposal to illustrate the treatise; it was ultimately published in Copenhagen on 25 September 1606.[2]

Soon after the text was published, and perhaps feeling his 62 years, Fabris begged to be released from his six-year contract with the king so that he might return home. He traveled through northern Germany and was in Paris, France, in 1608. Ultimately, he received a position at the University of Padua and there passed his final years. He died of a fever on 11 November 1618 at the age of 74, and the town of Padua declared an official day of mourning in his honor. In 1676, the town of Padua erected a statue of the master in the Chiesa del Santo.

The importance of Fabris' work can hardly be overstated. His treatise was reprinted for over a hundred years after his death, plagiarized several times by later writers, and translated into both German and Latin. He is almost universally praised by later masters and fencing historians, and the great Flemish master Gérard Thibault d'Anvers even described him as a Diestro (a master of the principles of the Spanish fencing style la Verdadera Destreza).[citation needed]

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. Didier, Henry de Sainct. Les secrets du premier livre sur l'espée seule. Paris, 1573. pp 5-8.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Fabris, Salvator and Leoni, Tommaso. Art of Dueling: Salvator Fabris' Rapier Fencing Treatise of 1606. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2005. pp XVIII-XIX.
  3. Fabris, Salvator and Leoni, Tommaso. Art of Dueling: Salvator Fabris' Rapier Fencing Treatise of 1606. Highland Village, TX: Chivalry Bookshelf, 2005. p XXIX.
  4. Andersson, Henrik. Salvator Fabris as a Hired Assassin in Sweden. Association for Renaissance Martial Arts. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
  5. Barbasetti, Luigi. Fencing Through the Ages.[Full citation needed]
  6. Originally "asseruatore", but corrected in the errata.
  7. Originally "richeide", but corrected in the errata.
  8. Originally "dirarsi", but corrected in the errata.
  9. Originally "longuezza", but corrected in the errata.
  10. Originally "mettre", but corrected in the errata.
  11. Originally "volto", but corrected in the errata.
  12. Originally "occcsione", but corrected in the errata.
  13. Originally "albassare", but corrected in the errata.
  14. Originally "& migliore", but corrected in the errata.
  15. Originally "temerariemente", but corrected in the errata.
  16. Originally "bisogna", but corrected in the errata.
  17. The letter 'F' was omitted in the print and hand-corrected in all copies.
  18. Originally "guardia", but corrected in the errata.
  19. Originally "equali", but corrected in the errata.
  20. Originally "poco", but corrected in the errata.
  21. Originally "poco", but corrected in the errata.