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Difference between revisions of "Ott Jud"

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| <p>[11] {{red|b=1|Remember this technique well as it breaks all wrestling derived from the first teaching described above}}<ref>Salzburg and Vienna I insert three plays before this one, which are included below.{{error:add text}}</ref></p>
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| <p>[11] {{red|b=1|Another wrestling}}</p>
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<p>If someone grabs you by the arms and you do the same but he holds you loosely, thrust his left arm downwards with your right arm, grab his left leg by the bending of the knee and pull it towards yourself. With your left arm strike to the left side of his chest, so that he must fall.</p>
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 103r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS KK5126 123v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120r.jpg|5|lbl=120r}}
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| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 069r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|17|lbl=-}}
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| <p>'''''Aber ein Ringen.'''''</p>
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 +
<p>''Item wann dich einer gefast hat mit payden armen vnd du In wid<sup>r</sup> Helt er dich laß, so slag Im sein lincken arm auß mit deiner rechten hant von oben nider vnd begreif Im damit sein linckes pein In der kniepiegung vnd zuck zu dir vnd mit der lincken hant stos In vorn an die prust an seiner lincken seitten So muß er vallen.''</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 118r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 090r.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p>[12] {{red|b=1|This is how you counter it}}</p>
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<p>When someone grabs you with his left hand by your chest from the front, grab his left arm with your left hand, and break his balance with your right hand by grabbing his elbow.</p>
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{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111v.jpg|1|lbl=111v|p=1}}
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{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089v.jpg|1|lbl=89v|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 103r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 123v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120v.jpg|1|lbl=120v|p=1}}
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| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 069r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|18|lbl=-}}
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| <p>'''''Also brich das.'''''</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>''Item wenn dir einer greifft vorn an die prust mit seiner lincken hant So begreiff Im sein lincke hant mit deiner lincken vnd reibe vmb vnd mit deiner rechte hant nym Im das gewicht pej dem lincken elenpogen.''</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 118v.png|1|lbl=118v}}
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| <p>[13] {{red|b=1|[Another wrestling]}}</p>
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<p>Or thrust his left elbow straight up with your right arm and turn him away from you.</p>
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| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 103r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS KK5126 123v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
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| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 069r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|19|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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<p>''Item oder stos mit deiner rechtē hant seinen lincken elenpogen über sich vnd wend In also von dir &c.''</p>
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 118v.png|2|lbl=-}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:Cod.10826 090v.png|1|lbl=90v}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 295v.jpg|1|lbl=295v}}
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| <p><br/></p>
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| <p>[14] {{red|b=1|Remember this technique well as it breaks all wrestling derived from the first teaching described above}}<ref>Salzburg and Vienna I insert three plays before this one, which are included below.{{error:add text}}</ref></p>
  
 
<p>When someone grabs your left arm with his right hand and seeks to grab your elbow from below with his left hand to twist your arm or if he tries to help his right hand with his other arm and turn through alongside the arm, pay attention: if he is strengthening his right arm with his left or if he wants to grab your elbow with it, move your right arm to his right side above his left arm, grab him around the body, spring with your right leg behind his left leg and throw him over your right thigh.</p>
 
<p>When someone grabs your left arm with his right hand and seeks to grab your elbow from below with his left hand to twist your arm or if he tries to help his right hand with his other arm and turn through alongside the arm, pay attention: if he is strengthening his right arm with his left or if he wants to grab your elbow with it, move your right arm to his right side above his left arm, grab him around the body, spring with your right leg behind his left leg and throw him over your right thigh.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>[12] {{red|b=1|Another wrestling}}</p>
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| <p>[15] {{red|b=1|Another wrestling}}</p>
  
 
<p>When someone grabs your upper arm with strength, holds you firmly and wants to push you, reach with your right hand from the outside over his arm, grab your right arm with your left hand and press his arm strongly onto your chest with both arms.</p>
 
<p>When someone grabs your upper arm with strength, holds you firmly and wants to push you, reach with your right hand from the outside over his arm, grab your right arm with your left hand and press his arm strongly onto your chest with both arms.</p>
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| <p>[13] {{red|b=1|Another}}</p>
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| <p>[16] {{red|b=1|Another}}</p>
  
 
<p>If his hand and fingers are open when you have pressed his arm onto your chest, grab his fingers with your left hand, lift his arm above yourself on your left side and with your right hand on his elbow break his balance.<ref>''nym Im das gewicht''</ref></p>
 
<p>If his hand and fingers are open when you have pressed his arm onto your chest, grab his fingers with your left hand, lift his arm above yourself on your left side and with your right hand on his elbow break his balance.<ref>''nym Im das gewicht''</ref></p>
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| <p>[14] </p>
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| <p>[17] </p>
  
 
<p>{{red|b=1|If he has his hand}} on your chest, spring with your right leg behind his left leg, grab him by the knee bend of his left leg with your left hand and lift it up. Use your right arm above to push him away from you so that he will fall.<ref>The Rome version places this text before the previous play.</ref></p>
 
<p>{{red|b=1|If he has his hand}} on your chest, spring with your right leg behind his left leg, grab him by the knee bend of his left leg with your left hand and lift it up. Use your right arm above to push him away from you so that he will fall.<ref>The Rome version places this text before the previous play.</ref></p>
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| <p>[15] {{red|b=1|Another wrestling}}</p>
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| <p>[18] {{red|b=1|Another wrestling}}</p>
  
 
<p>If you wish to wrestle with someone and he grips your arm loosely, reach with your left hand over his right arm and grab his fingers or anything else. Lift his arm above you on your left side and break his balance with your right hand on his elbow.</p>
 
<p>If you wish to wrestle with someone and he grips your arm loosely, reach with your left hand over his right arm and grab his fingers or anything else. Lift his arm above you on your left side and break his balance with your right hand on his elbow.</p>
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|-  
 
|-  
| <p>[16] {{red|b=1|This is how you counter it}}</p>
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| <p>[19] {{red|b=1|This is how you counter it}}</p>
  
 
<p>If he does this to you and reaches with his left hand for your fingers trying to break your balance with his right hand, reach with your right hand under his left arm and around his body. Spring with your right leg in front of his legs and throw him over your right hip.</p>
 
<p>If he does this to you and reaches with his left hand for your fingers trying to break your balance with his right hand, reach with your right hand under his left arm and around his body. Spring with your right leg in front of his legs and throw him over your right hip.</p>
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| <p>[17] {{red|b=1|Or counter like this}}</p>
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| <p>[20] {{red|b=1|Or counter like this}}</p>
  
 
<p><br/>If he has grabbed your left arm with his left hand and he intends to break your balance with his right hand, duck and set your left elbow on his waist. Spring with your left leg behind his right leg, grab his right leg by the bending of the knee with your right arm and pull it towards you. Push him away from you above with your left arm so that he falls.</p>
 
<p><br/>If he has grabbed your left arm with his left hand and he intends to break your balance with his right hand, duck and set your left elbow on his waist. Spring with your left leg behind his right leg, grab his right leg by the bending of the knee with your right arm and pull it towards you. Push him away from you above with your left arm so that he falls.</p>
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|-  
 
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| <p>[18] {{red|b=1|Another}}</p>
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| <p>[21] {{red|b=1|Another}}</p>
  
 
<p>If someone has grabbed your left arm with his left hand, used his right hand to break your balance and then pushed your left elbow upwards, turn through with your head under it and reach with your right arm to the left side of his body. Spring with your right leg behind his right leg and throw him over your right hip.</p>
 
<p>If someone has grabbed your left arm with his left hand, used his right hand to break your balance and then pushed your left elbow upwards, turn through with your head under it and reach with your right arm to the left side of his body. Spring with your right leg behind his right leg and throw him over your right hip.</p>
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| <p>[19] {{red|b=1|Another wrestling}}</p>
 
 
<p>If someone grabs you by the arms and you do the same but he holds you loosely, thrust his left arm downwards with your right arm, grab his left leg by the bending of the knee and pull it towards yourself. With your left arm strike to the left side of his chest, so that he must fall.</p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 103r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 123v.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120r.jpg|5|lbl=120r}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 069r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|17|lbl=-}}
 
| <p>'''''Aber ein Ringen.'''''</p>
 
 
<p>''Item wann dich einer gefast hat mit payden armen vnd du In wid<sup>r</sup> Helt er dich laß, so slag Im sein lincken arm auß mit deiner rechten hant von oben nider vnd begreif Im damit sein linckes pein In der kniepiegung vnd zuck zu dir vnd mit der lincken hant stos In vorn an die prust an seiner lincken seitten So muß er vallen.''</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 118r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 090r.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 295r.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 104v.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
 
|-
 
| <p>[20] {{red|b=1|This is how you counter it}}</p>
 
 
<p>When someone grabs you with his left hand by your chest from the front, grab his left arm with your left hand, and break his balance with your right hand by grabbing his elbow.</p>
 
|
 
{{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111r.jpg|5|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111v.jpg|1|lbl=111v|p=1}}
 
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{{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089r.jpg|3|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089v.jpg|1|lbl=89v|p=1}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 103r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS KK5126 123v.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
{{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120r.jpg|6|lbl=-|p=1}} {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120v.jpg|1|lbl=120v|p=1}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 069r.jpg|4|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|18|lbl=-}}
 
| <p>'''''Also brich das.'''''</p>
 
 
<p>''Item wenn dir einer greifft vorn an die prust mit seiner lincken hant So begreiff Im sein lincke hant mit deiner lincken vnd reibe vmb vnd mit deiner rechte hant nym Im das gewicht pej dem lincken elenpogen.''</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 118v.png|1|lbl=118v}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 090r.png|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 295r.jpg|3|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.10826 104v.png|4|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
 
|-
 
| <p>[21] {{red|b=1|[Another wrestling]}}</p>
 
 
<p>Or thrust his left elbow straight up with your right arm and turn him away from you.</p>
 
| {{section|Page:MS Chart.A.558 111v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:Cod.I.6.4º.3 089v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:Cod.44.A.8 103r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:MS KK5126 123v.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| {{section|Page:MS M.I.29 120v.jpg|2|lbl=-}}
 
|
 
| {{section|Page:MS E.1939.65.341 069r.jpg|5|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:MS 26-232 100v.png|19|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
<p>''Item oder stos mit deiner rechtē hant seinen lincken elenpogen über sich vnd wend In also von dir &c.''</p>
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:MS Dresd.C.94 118v.png|2|lbl=-}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:Cod.10826 090v.png|1|lbl=90v}}
 
| <p><br/></p>
 
 
{{section|Page:Cod.icon. 393 I 295v.jpg|1|lbl=295v}}
 
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{{section|Page:Cod.10826 104v.png|5|lbl=-}}
 
 
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Revision as of 18:02, 24 August 2018

Ott Jud
Born date of birth unknown
Died 1448-52 (?)
Occupation Wrestling master
Ethnicity Jewish
Patron princes of Austria
Movement Fellowship of Liechtenauer
Genres Wrestling manual
Language Early New High German
Manuscript(s)
First printed
english edition
Tobler, 2010
Concordance by Michael Chidester
Translations

Ott Jud was a 15th century German wrestling master. His name signifies that he was a Jew, and several versions of his treatise (including the oldest one) state that he was baptized Christian.[1] In 1470, Paulus Kal described him as the wrestling master to the princes of Austria, and included him in the membership of the Fellowship of Liechtenauer.[2] While Ott's precise lifetime is uncertain, he may have still been alive when Hans Talhoffer included the Gotha version in his fencing manual in ca. 1448, but seems to have died some time before the creation of the Rome version in 1452.[3]

Ott's treatise on grappling is repeated throughout all of the early German treatise compilations and seems to have become the dominant work on the subject within the Liechtenauer tradition.

Treatise

It is difficult to say when Ott's treatise was written, and the original is certainly lost at present. The oldest extant copy is the Gotha version, which was included in a manuscript in the 1440s alongside works by Johannes Hartlieb, Hans Talhoffer, and others. The Gotha version is decidedly incomplete compared to other early renditions, suggesting that Ott was not directly involved despite its proximity to his career. Gotha was copied into several further manuscripts, including the New York (16th century), the Göttingen (17th century), and the Munich II (ca. 1820); since these are all direct copies, they offer little additional help in understanding Ott's work (apart from evidence of its continued transmission).

Two copies of Ott's work date to the 1450s, the Augsburg and Rome versions. Here we see the art of

Treatise

Additional Resources

References

  1. The Gotha version, as well as the Augsburg, Vienna, and Glasgow versions, all use the term tauffter Jud, "baptized Jew".
  2. The Fellowship of Liechtenauer is recorded in three versions of Paulus Kal's treatise: MS 1825 (1460s), Cgm 1570 (ca. 1470), and MS KK5126 (1480s).
  3. His name lacks the traditional blessing on the dead in Talhoffer, but receives it in the Rome (see folio 100v).
  4. vor ringen
  5. mit ringen
  6. nach ringen
  7. This is not a true transcription of the first fragment of Ott in Wassmannsdorff's manuscript. It in, instead, Wassmannsdorff's transcription of the Augsburg version, modified according to the differences he notes in his apparatus. It is placed here to offer a rough idea of the contents of this section in the absence of the actual manuscript or complete transcription. Note that the terminus at paragraph 22 isn't definitely the end of the fragment, but rather the final paragraph with relevant footnotes.
  8. das Wort »auf« ist nachträglich in anderer Handschrift klein über der Zeile zwischen den Wörtern eingefügt worden.
  9. Corrected from »deinem«.
  10. Corrected from »dein«.
  11. Korrigiert aus »rechtenn«.
  12. Korrigiert aus »rechtz«.
  13. Corrected from »dein«.
  14. There is obviously a mistake in the text. This is evident from the von Speyer version of the Ott text, which says to hold his left arm with your right. In the Goliath manuscript the relevant text says: "grab his right arm with your left hand firmly and come with your right hand to help your left". Taking into consideration the subsequent instruction on the direction of the turning through, the last record of Ott’s teaching seems to be the most logical and credible.
  15. wendt dich durch
  16. German has vallen - may be intended as "speciem".
  17. This play is placed before the previous counter in Rome and Krakow, but following Augsburg, it appears to be a second counter to the same action.
  18. This is clearly a scribal error for unndter. However, it is also clear that the text reads “vindter”. In this case, note that the following title “Unndten durchfarn” is spelled correctly.
  19. The phrase "seinen linngen arm auß, mit deiner rechten hannd, von oben nider, vnnd begreif ime damit" is struck through on MS Dresd.C.94 118r, but this manuscript's scribe seems to have not recognized that.
  20. Salzburg and Vienna I insert three plays before this one, which are included below.Template:Error:add text
  21. corrected from »sein«
  22. nym Im das gewicht
  23. The Rome version places this text before the previous play.
  24. This is clearly a scribal error for unndter. However, it is also clear that the text reads “vindter”.
  25. Ribs.
  26. This is the title given in Dresden. Gotha and Rome have Ein pruch wider das schrencken or "a counter to the barrier", while Glasgow gives Ein pruch wider Sterck, "a counter against strength".
  27. The words "In sein" are transposed, with marking indicating that they should be reversed.
  28. Schranck
  29. Should be "his right side" (against your left), which follows the preceding rhyme.
  30. S. S. 153, 43.
  31. Corrected from »seinem«
  32. The manuscript only says “vnd”.
  33. S. S. 153, 44.
  34. The above word “reiben” (rub, as in “drehen”, ‘turn’, ‘twist’) is clarified by the word “prechen”.
  35. S. S. 153, 45 and 46.
  36. Append: “linken Bein”.
  37. “deine”.
  38. S. S. 153, 47.
  39. An dieser Stelle bricht der Text ab.
  40. “klein (groβ).”
  41. Missing word, error: “Seite”.
  42. S. S. 154, 48.
  43. S. S. 154, 49.
  44. S. S. 154, 50.
  45. S. S. 155, 51.
  46. S. S. 155, 52.
  47. Dresden differs here
  48. “kannst du”.
  49. S.S. 155, 53.
  50. S. S. 155, 54.
  51. Possibly “und erfahe”, or simply “und fahe”.
  52. S.S. 155, 55.
  53. The words "seitten oder" are probably because of carelessness of the scribe.
  54. S. S. 156, 58.
  55. Interpret as “ihn”.
  56. Interpret as “Linken”.
  57. Read: “oberhalb des”.
  58. “Eile ihm”.
  59. Should be "Goller"
  60. play
  61. Possibly: für was (wofür)?
  62. ‘ohne’
  63. ‘Stangenwerfen (==schieben) und Steinstoβen.
  64. Talhoffer mentions “stainwerffen vnd stainschüben” in his list of exercises within his own vorrede.
  65. Could this be a reference to the oldest printed Fightbook, Paurnfeindt’s ‘Ergrundung Ritterlicher kunst der Fechterey’ (Vienna 1516), whose author concludes with ‘auszug dizer Ritterlichen kunst’?
  66. ‘beiwohnt’.
  67. Paurenfeindt offers his students his Fechtbuch in the same hope, that “von tag czu tag czu merren vnd bessern” (from day to day, to increase and improve).
  68. Auerswald, Berlin Ringbuch & Munich Ringbuch all begin with this affirmation: “In Sant Jorgen namen heb an. Und schaw zum ersten ob der man hoch oder nider gange das ist des ringens anefang.”
  69. Should be "his right side" (against your left), which follows the preceding rhyme.
  70. S. S. 153, 43.
  71. Missing “umb”, as in “Dich umfangen ist – dich umfängt.”
  72. The manuscript only says “vnd”.
  73. S. S. 153, 44.
  74. Should be read as “Aber”.
  75. The above word “reiben” (rub, as in “drehen”, ‘turn’, ‘twist’) is clarified by the word “prechen”.
  76. S. S. 153, 45 and 46.
  77. Should be read as “gan”.
  78. Append: “linken Bein”.
  79. “deine”.
  80. S. S. 153, 47.
  81. That is: ‘durch die seitten’.
  82. “Beiten”, is the dialect of the text for “warten”. In Rückert’s Makamen, the Schoolmaster from Hims (Schulmeister von Hims) states “beaten ist ein Wort für weilen, alt und gut; wähle nach Gefallen zwischen beiden”.
  83. “können”.
  84. “klein (groβ).”
  85. Missing word, error: “Seite”.
  86. S. S. 154, 48.
  87. In the manuscript, the remaining plays of Ott are included without a poetic rendering before this concluding section. It cannot be determined from the transcription whether space was left for those paragraphs to be rendered into verse.
  88. Lit: ‘lie down’
  89. Should be “denn”.
  90. Should be “euch”.
  91. “Wollen”.
  92. This paragraph is identical to the next one, which is probably an error since Mayr has a different paragraph here.
  93. Which is what?